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Matsumura S, Yasuda J, Notomi T, Suzuki Y, Chen IS, Murakami D, Hotomi M, Nakamura TY. Direct toxicity of cigarette smoke extract on cardiac function mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction in Sprague-Dawley rat ventricular myocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295737. [PMID: 38165883 PMCID: PMC10760691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke has been recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, its direct effects on rodent and human cardiomyocytes and its cellular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the direct effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on contractile functions, intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, and mitochondrial function using cultured or freshly isolated rat ventricular myocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived cardiomyocytes. In rat cardiomyocytes, CSE (≥0.1%) resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent cessation of spontaneous beating of cultured cardiomyocytes, eventually leading to cell death, which indicates direct toxicity. In addition, 1% CSE reduced contractile function of freshly isolated ventricular myocytes. Similar contractile dysfunction (declined spontaneous beating rate and contractility) was also observed in human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes. Regarding intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, 1% CSE increased the Ca2+ transient amplitude by greatly increasing systolic Ca2+ levels and slightly increasing diastolic Ca2+ levels. CSE also accelerated the decay of Ca2+ transients, and triggered spike-shaped Ca2+ transients in some cells. These results indicate that CSE causes abnormal Ca2+ dynamics in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, CSE induced a cascade of mitochondrial dysfunctions, including increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. These results suggest that CSE-induced contractile dysfunction and myocardial cell death is caused by abnormal Ca2+ dynamics and subsequent mitochondrial dysregulation, which would result in reduced bioenergetics and activation of cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Matsumura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Notomi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Suzuki
- R&D Headquarters Development Department, SIBATA Scientific Technology Ltd, Saitama, Japan
| | - I-Shan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Daichi Murakami
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Muneki Hotomi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tomoe Y. Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama city, Wakayama, Japan
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Hashida A, Nakazato T, Uemura T, Liu L, Miyagawa S, Sawa Y, Kino-oka M. Effect of morphological change on the maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac tissue in rotating flow culture. Regen Ther 2023; 24:479-488. [PMID: 37767182 PMCID: PMC10520276 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding the critical factors for the maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac tissue is important for further development of culture techniques. Rotating flow culture, where the tissues float in the culture medium by balancing its gravitational settling and the medium flow generated in rotating disk-shaped culture vessels, is one of culture systems used for tissue engineering. It has previously been demonstrated that rotating flow culture leads to the formation of matured cardiac tissue with higher levels of function and structure than the other culture systems. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the maturation of cardiac tissue remain unclear. This study investigated the maturation process of hiPSC-derived cardiac tissue in rotating flow culture with a focus on morphological changes in the tissue, which is a trigger for maturation. Methods The cardiac tissue, which consisted of cardiomyocytes derived from hiPSCs, was cultured on the 3D scaffold of poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-aligned nanofibers, in rotating flow culture for 5 days. During the culture, the time profile of projected area of tissue and formation of maturation marker proteins (β-myosin heavy chain and Connexin-43), tissue structure, and formation of nuclear lamina proteins (Lamin A/C) were compared with that in static suspension culture. Results The ratio of the projected area of tissue significantly decreased from Day 0 to Day 3 due to tissue shrinkage. In contrast, Western blot analysis revealed that maturation protein markers of cardiomyocytes significantly increased after Day 3. In addition, in rotating flow culture, flat-shaped nuclei and fiber-like cytoskeletal structures were distributed in the surface region of tissue where medium flow was continuously applied. Moreover, Lamin A/C, which are generally formed in differentiated cells owing to mechanical force across the cytoskeleton and critically affect the maturation of cardiomyocytes, were significantly formed in the tissue of rotating flow culture. Conclusions In this study, we found that spatial heterogeneity of tissue structure and tissue shrinkage occurred in rotating flow culture, which was not observed in static suspension culture. Moreover, from the quantitative analysis, it was also suggested that tissue shrinkage in rotating flow culture contributed its following tissue maturation. These findings showed one of the important characteristics of rotating flow culture which was not revealed in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Hashida
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taro Nakazato
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-15, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Uemura
- Department of Precise and Science Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Cell Culture Marketing & Research Center, JTEC Corporation, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-15, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-15, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Division of Health and Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-15, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kino-oka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Akbar N, Anum H, Razzaq SS, Salim A, Usman S, Haneef K. Ascorbic acid and salvianolic acid B enhance the valproic acid and 5-azacytidinemediated cardiac differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7371-7380. [PMID: 37450078 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases remain a major cause of death globally. Cardiac cells once damaged, cannot resume the normal functioning of the heart. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have shown the potential to differentiate into cardiac cells. Epigenetic modifications determine cell identity during embryo development via regulation of tissue specific gene expression. The major epigenetic mechanisms that control cell fate and biological functions are DNA methylation and histone modifications. However, epigenetic modifiers alone are not sufficient to generate mature cardiac cells. Various small molecules such as ascorbic acid (AA) and salvianolic acid B (SA) are known for their cardiomyogenic potential. Therefore, this study is aimed to examine the synergistic effects of epigenetic modifiers, valproic acid (VPA) and 5-azacytidine (5-aza) with cardiomyogenic molecules, AA and SA in the cardiac differentiation of MSCs. METHODS AND RESULTS BM-MSCs were isolated, propagated, characterized, and then treated with an optimized dose of VPA or 5-aza for 24 h. MSCs were maintained in a medium containing AA and SA for 21 days. All groups were assessed for the expression of cardiac genes and proteins through q-PCR and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Results show that epigenetic modifiers VPA or 5-aza in combination with AA and SA significantly upregulate the expression of cardiac genes MEF2C, Nkx2.5, cMHC, Tbx20, and GATA-4. In addition, VPA or 5-aza pretreatment along with AA and SA enhanced the expression of the cardiac proteins connexin-43, GATA-4, cTnI, and Nkx2.5. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that epigenetic modifiers valproic acid and 5-azacytidine in combination with ascorbic acid and salvianolic acid B promote cardiac differentiation of MSCs. This pretreatment strategy can be exploited for designing future stem cell based therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nukhba Akbar
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hira Anum
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Saima Razzaq
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Usman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Haneef
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Abstract
The heart is the first functional organ established during embryogenesis. Investigating heart development and disease is a fascinating and crucial field of research because cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, there is great interest in establishing in vitro models for recapitulating both physiological and pathological aspects of human heart development, tissue function and malfunction. Derived from pluripotent stem cells, a large variety of three-dimensional cardiac in vitro models have been introduced in recent years. In this At a Glance article, we discuss the available methods to generate such models, grouped according to the following classification: cardiac organoids, cardiac microtissues and engineered cardiac tissues. For these models, we provide a systematic overview of their applications for disease modeling and therapeutic development, as well as their advantages and limitations to assist scientists in choosing the most suitable model for their research purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lika Drakhlis
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- Authors for correspondence (; )
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- Authors for correspondence (; )
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Bakhshandeh B, Ranjbar N, Abbasi A, Amiri E, Abedi A, Mehrabi M, Dehghani Z, Pennisi CP. Recent progress in the manipulation of biochemical and biophysical cues for engineering functional tissues. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10383. [PMID: 36925674 PMCID: PMC10013802 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is currently considered a cutting-edge discipline that offers the potential for developing treatments for health conditions that negatively affect the quality of life. This interdisciplinary field typically involves the combination of cells, scaffolds, and appropriate induction factors for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. Cell fate decisions, such as survival, proliferation, or differentiation, critically depend on various biochemical and biophysical factors provided by the extracellular environment during developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of action of these factors is critical to accurately mimic the complex architecture of the extracellular environment of living tissues and improve the efficiency of TE approaches. In this review, we recapitulate the effects that biochemical and biophysical induction factors have on various aspects of cell fate. While the role of biochemical factors, such as growth factors, small molecules, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and cytokines, has been extensively studied in the context of TE applications, it is only recently that we have begun to understand the effects of biophysical signals such as surface topography, mechanical, and electrical signals. These biophysical cues could provide a more robust set of stimuli to manipulate cell signaling pathways during the formation of the engineered tissue. Furthermore, the simultaneous application of different types of signals appears to elicit synergistic responses that are likely to improve functional outcomes, which could help translate results into successful clinical therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bakhshandeh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Nika Ranjbar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Ardeshir Abbasi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Elahe Amiri
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Ali Abedi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammad‐Reza Mehrabi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Zahra Dehghani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark
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6
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Zare A, Salehpour A, Khoradmehr A, Bakhshalizadeh S, Najafzadeh V, Almasi-Turk S, Mahdipour M, Shirazi R, Tamadon A. Epigenetic Modification Factors and microRNAs Network Associated with Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells toward Cardiomyocytes: A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020569. [PMID: 36836926 PMCID: PMC9965891 DOI: 10.3390/life13020569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
More research is being conducted on myocardial cell treatments utilizing stem cell lines that can develop into cardiomyocytes. All of the forms of cardiac illnesses have shown to be quite amenable to treatments using embryonic (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In the present study, we reviewed the differentiation of these cell types into cardiomyocytes from an epigenetic standpoint. We also provided a miRNA network that is devoted to the epigenetic commitment of stem cells toward cardiomyocyte cells and related diseases, such as congenital heart defects, comprehensively. Histone acetylation, methylation, DNA alterations, N6-methyladenosine (m6a) RNA methylation, and cardiac mitochondrial mutations are explored as potential tools for precise stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zare
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Aria Salehpour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vahid Najafzadeh
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sahar Almasi-Turk
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633341, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 7135644144, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
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7
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Kim JE, Kim EM, Lee HA, Kim KS. Effective derivation of ventricular cardiomyocytes from hPSCs using ascorbic acid-containing maturation medium. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2023; 27:82-92. [PMID: 36999134 PMCID: PMC10044166 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2189932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used in various applications including disease modeling, drug safety screening, and novel cell-based cardiac therapies. Here, we report an optimized selection and maturation method to induce maturation of cardiomyocytes into a specific subtype after differentiation driven by the regulation of Wnt signaling. The medium used to optimize selection and maturation was in a glucose starvation conditions, supplemented with either a nutrition complex or ascorbic acid. Following optimized selection and maturation, more cardiac Troponin T (cTnT)-positive cardiomyocytes were detected using albumin and ascorbic acid than B27. In addition, ascorbic acid enriched maturation of ventricular cardiomyocytes. We compared cardiomyocyte-specific gene expression patterns under different selection and maturation conditions by next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. Our optimized conditions will enable simple and efficient maturation and specification of the desired cardiomyocyte subtype, facilitating both biomedical research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-eun Kim
- Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Ae Lee
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Suk Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Ki-Suk Kim Korea Institute of Toxicolgoy, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon34114, Republic of Korea
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8
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Renikunta H, Chakrabarti R, Duddu S, Bhattacharya A, Chakravorty N, Shukla PC. Stem Cells and Therapies in Cardiac Regeneration. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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9
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Lyra-Leite DM, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Ó, Wang M, Zhou Y, Cyganek L, Burridge PW. A review of protocols for human iPSC culture, cardiac differentiation, subtype-specification, maturation, and direct reprogramming. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101560. [PMID: 36035804 PMCID: PMC9405110 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods for the culture and cardiomyocyte differentiation of human embryonic stem cells, and later human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), have moved from a complex and uncontrolled systems to simplified and relatively robust protocols, using the knowledge and cues gathered at each step. HiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes have proven to be a useful tool in human disease modelling, drug discovery, developmental biology, and regenerative medicine. In this protocol review, we will highlight the evolution of protocols associated with hPSC culture, cardiomyocyte differentiation, sub-type specification, and cardiomyocyte maturation. We also discuss protocols for somatic cell direct reprogramming to cardiomyocyte-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi M Lyra-Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Óscar Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez
- Stem Cell Unit, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Meimei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- Stem Cell Unit, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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10
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Supokawej A, Korchunjit W, Wongtawan T. The combination of BMP12 and KY02111 enhances tendon differentiation in bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-eMSCs). J Equine Sci 2022; 33:19-26. [PMID: 35847484 PMCID: PMC9260033 DOI: 10.1294/jes.33.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wingless and Int-1 (WNT) and bone morphogenic protein/growth differentiation factor
(BMP/GDF) signalling pathways contribute significantly to the development of the
musculoskeletal system. The mechanism by which they contribute is as follows: BMP/GDF
signalling usually promotes tendon differentiation, whereas WNT signalling inhibits it. We
hypothesised that inhibiting WNT and subsequently stimulating BMP signalling may enhance
the tenogenic differentiation of stem cells. The objective of this study was to determine
whether a combination of WNT inhibitor (KY02111) and BMP12/GDF7 protein could enhance the
differentiation of bone marrow-derived equine mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-eMSCs) into
tenocytes. Cells were cultured in five treatments: control, BMP12, and three different
combinations of BMP12 and KY02111. The results indicated that a 1-day treatment with
KY02111 followed by a 13-day treatment with BMP12 resulted in the highest tenogenic
differentiation score in this experiment. The effect of KY02111 is dependent on the
incubation time, with 1 day being better than 3 or 5 days. This combination increased
tenogenic gene marker expression, including SCX, TNMD, DCN, and TNC, as well as COL1
protein expression. In conclusion, we propose that a combination of BMP12 and KY02111 can
enhance the in vitro tenogenic differentiation of BM-eMSCs more than BMP12 alone. The
findings of this study might be useful for improving tendon differentiation protocols for
stem cell transplantation and application to tendon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aungkura Supokawej
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Wasamon Korchunjit
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.,Laboratory of Cellular Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Tuempong Wongtawan
- Akkhararatchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.,Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.,Laboratory of Cellular Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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11
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Mishra T, Bhardwaj V, Ahuja N, Gadgil P, Ramdas P, Shukla S, Chande A. Improved loss-of-function CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in human cells concomitant with inhibition of TGF-β signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:202-218. [PMID: 35402072 PMCID: PMC8961078 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to modulate cellular DNA repair pathways hold immense potential to enhance the efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing platform. In the absence of a repair template, CRISPR-Cas9-induced DNA double-strand breaks are repaired by the endogenous cellular DNA repair pathways to generate loss-of-function edits. Here, we describe a reporter-based assay for expeditious measurement of loss-of-function editing by CRISPR-Cas9. An unbiased chemical screen performed using this assay enabled the identification of small molecules that promote loss-of-function editing. Iterative rounds of screens reveal Repsox, a TGF-β signaling inhibitor, as a CRISPR-Cas9 editing efficiency enhancer. Repsox invariably increased CRISPR-Cas9 editing in a panel of commonly used cell lines in biomedical research and primary cells. Furthermore, Repsox-mediated editing enhancement in primary human CD4+ T cells enabled the generation of HIV-1-resistant cells with high efficiency. This study demonstrates the potential of transiently targeting cellular pathways by small molecules to improve genome editing for research applications and is expected to benefit gene therapy efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Mishra
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Vipin Bhardwaj
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Neha Ahuja
- Epigenetics and RNA Processing Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Pallavi Gadgil
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Pavitra Ramdas
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Epigenetics and RNA Processing Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Ajit Chande
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
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12
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Cardio PyMEA: A user-friendly, open-source Python application for cardiomyocyte microelectrode array analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266647. [PMID: 35617323 PMCID: PMC9135279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Open source analytical software for the analysis of electrophysiological cardiomyocyte data offers a variety of new functionalities to complement closed-source, proprietary tools. Here, we present the Cardio PyMEA application, a free, modifiable, and open source program for the analysis of microelectrode array (MEA) data obtained from cardiomyocyte cultures. Major software capabilities include: beat detection; pacemaker origin estimation; beat amplitude and interval; local activation time, upstroke velocity, and conduction velocity; analysis of cardiomyocyte property-distance relationships; and robust power law analysis of pacemaker spatiotemporal instability. Cardio PyMEA was written entirely in Python 3 to provide an accessible, integrated workflow that possesses a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) written in PyQt5 to allow for performant, cross-platform utilization. This application makes use of object-oriented programming (OOP) principles to facilitate the relatively straightforward incorporation of custom functionalities, e.g. power law analysis, that suit the needs of the user. Cardio PyMEA is available as an open source application under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). The source code for Cardio PyMEA can be downloaded from Github at the following repository: https://github.com/csdunhamUC/cardio_pymea.
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13
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Varga BV, Faiz M, Pivonkova H, Khelifi G, Yang H, Gao S, Linderoth E, Zhen M, Karadottir RT, Hussein SM, Nagy A. Signal requirement for cortical potential of transplantable human neuroepithelial stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2844. [PMID: 35606347 PMCID: PMC9126949 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex develops from dorsal forebrain neuroepithelial progenitor cells. Following the initial expansion of the progenitor cell pool, these cells generate neurons of all the cortical layers and then astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Yet, the regulatory pathways that control the expansion and maintenance of the progenitor cell pool are currently unknown. Here we define six basic pathway components that regulate proliferation of cortically specified human neuroepithelial stem cells (cNESCs) in vitro without the loss of cerebral cortex developmental potential. We show that activation of FGF and inhibition of BMP and ACTIVIN A signalling are required for long-term cNESC proliferation. We also demonstrate that cNESCs preserve dorsal telencephalon-specific potential when GSK3, AKT and nuclear CATENIN-β1 activity are low. Remarkably, regulation of these six pathway components supports the clonal expansion of cNESCs. Moreover, cNESCs differentiate into lower- and upper-layer cortical neurons in vitro and in vivo. The identification of mechanisms that drive the neuroepithelial stem cell self-renewal and differentiation and preserve this potential in vitro is key to developing regenerative and cell-based therapeutic approaches to treat neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs V Varga
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Maryam Faiz
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Helena Pivonkova
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gabriel Khelifi
- Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,CHU of Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Oncology Division, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shangbang Gao
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Linderoth
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mei Zhen
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ragnhildur Thora Karadottir
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samer M Hussein
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,CHU of Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Oncology Division, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andras Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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14
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Song Y, Zheng Z, Lian J. Deciphering Common Long QT Syndrome Using CRISPR/Cas9 in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:889519. [PMID: 35647048 PMCID: PMC9136094 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.889519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
From carrying potentially pathogenic genes to severe clinical phenotypes, the basic research in the inherited cardiac ion channel disease such as long QT syndrome (LQTS) has been a significant challenge in explaining gene-phenotype heterogeneity. These have opened up new pathways following the parallel development and successful application of stem cell and genome editing technologies. Stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and subsequent genome editing have allowed researchers to introduce desired genes into cells in a dish to replicate the disease features of LQTS or replace causative genes to normalize the cellular phenotype. Importantly, this has made it possible to elucidate potential genetic modifiers contributing to clinical heterogeneity and hierarchically manage newly identified variants of uncertain significance (VUS) and more therapeutic options to be tested in vitro. In this paper, we focus on and summarize the recent advanced application of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) combined with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated system 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) in the interpretation for the gene-phenotype relationship of the common LQTS and presence challenges, increasing our understanding of the effects of mutations and the physiopathological mechanisms in the field of cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Song
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
- Yongfei Song
| | - Zequn Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangfang Lian
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15
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Miao W, Shi J, Huang J, Lin Y, Cui C, Zhu Y, Zheng B, Li M, Jiang Q, Chen M. Azoramide ameliorated tachypacing-induced injury of atrial myocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cell by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Stem Cell Res 2022; 60:102686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Tani H, Tohyama S. Human Engineered Heart Tissue Models for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:855763. [PMID: 35433691 PMCID: PMC9008275 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.855763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and efficient differentiation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) induced from diseased donors have the potential to recapitulate the molecular and functional features of the human heart. Although the immaturity of hiPSC-CMs, including the structure, gene expression, conduct, ion channel density, and Ca2+ kinetics, is a major challenge, various attempts to promote maturation have been effective. Three-dimensional cardiac models using hiPSC-CMs have achieved these functional and morphological maturations, and disease models using patient-specific hiPSC-CMs have furthered our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and effective therapies for diseases. Aside from the mechanisms of diseases and drug responses, hiPSC-CMs also have the potential to evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs in a human context before a candidate drug enters the market and many phases of clinical trials. In fact, novel drug testing paradigms have suggested that these cells can be used to better predict the proarrhythmic risk of candidate drugs. In this review, we overview the current strategies of human engineered heart tissue models with a focus on major cardiac diseases and discuss perspectives and future directions for the real application of hiPSC-CMs and human engineered heart tissue for disease modeling, drug development, clinical trials, and cardiotoxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Tani
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shugo Tohyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shugo Tohyama,
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17
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Dunham CS, Mackenzie ME, Nakano H, Kim AR, Juda MB, Nakano A, Stieg AZ, Gimzewski JK. Pacemaker translocations and power laws in 2D stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte cultures. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263976. [PMID: 35286321 PMCID: PMC8920264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Power laws are of interest to several scientific disciplines because they can provide important information about the underlying dynamics (e.g. scale invariance and self-similarity) of a given system. Because power laws are of increasing interest to the cardiac sciences as potential indicators of cardiac dysfunction, it is essential that rigorous, standardized analytical methods are employed in the evaluation of power laws. This study compares the methods currently used in the fields of condensed matter physics, geoscience, neuroscience, and cardiology in order to provide a robust analytical framework for evaluating power laws in stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte cultures. One potential power law-obeying phenomenon observed in these cultures is pacemaker translocations, or the spatial and temporal instability of the pacemaker region, in a 2D cell culture. Power law analysis of translocation data was performed using increasingly rigorous methods in order to illustrate how differences in analytical robustness can result in misleading power law interpretations. Non-robust methods concluded that pacemaker translocations adhere to a power law while robust methods convincingly demonstrated that they obey a doubly truncated power law. The results of this study highlight the importance of employing comprehensive methods during power law analysis of cardiomyocyte cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Dunham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Madelynn E. Mackenzie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Haruko Nakano
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alexis R. Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michal B. Juda
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Adam Z. Stieg
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute of Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - James K. Gimzewski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute of Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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18
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Nijak A, Simons E, Vandendriessche B, Van de Sande D, Fransen E, Sieliwończyk E, Van Gucht I, Van Craenenbroeck E, Saenen J, Heidbuchel H, Ponsaerts P, Labro AJ, Snyders D, De Vos W, Schepers D, Alaerts M, Loeys BL. Morpho-functional comparison of differentiation protocols to create iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Biol Open 2022; 11:274508. [PMID: 35195246 PMCID: PMC8890088 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs) offer an attractive platform for cardiovascular research. Patient-specific iPSC-CMs are very useful for studying disease development, and bear potential for disease diagnostics, prognosis evaluation and development of personalized treatment. Several monolayer-based serum-free protocols have been described for the differentiation of iPSCs into cardiomyocytes, but data on their performance are scarce. In this study, we evaluated two protocols that are based on temporal modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway for iPSC-CM differentiation from four iPSC lines, including two control individuals and two patients carrying an SCN5A mutation. The SCN5A gene encodes the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.5) and loss-of-function mutations can cause the cardiac arrhythmia Brugada syndrome. We performed molecular characterization of the obtained iPSC-CMs by immunostaining for cardiac specific markers and by expression analysis of selected cardiac structural and ionic channel protein-encoding genes with qPCR. We also investigated cell growth morphology, contractility and survival of the iPSC-CMs after dissociation. Finally, we performed electrophysiological characterization of the cells, focusing on the action potential (AP) and calcium transient (CT) characteristics using patch-clamping and optical imaging, respectively. Based on our comprehensive morpho-functional analysis, we concluded that both tested protocols result in a high percentage of contracting CMs. Moreover, they showed acceptable survival and cell quality after dissociation (>50% of cells with a smooth cell membrane, possible to seal during patch-clamping). Both protocols generated cells presenting with typical iPSC-CM AP and CT characteristics, although one protocol (that involves sequential addition of CHIR99021 and Wnt-C59) rendered iPSC-CMs, which were more accessible for patch-clamp and calcium transient experiments and showed an expression pattern of cardiac-specific markers more similar to this observed in human heart left ventricle samples. Summary: In this study, we evaluated two protocols that are based on temporal modulation of the Wnt/β -catenin pathway for iPSC-CM differentiation from four iPSC lines. We show that both protocols were successful in the generation of contracting iPSC-CMs. However, one of the tested protocols rendered cells that were more accessible for patch-clamp experiments and showed an expression pattern of cardiac-specific markers more similar to this of human heart left ventricle samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nijak
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Eline Simons
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Bert Vandendriessche
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Dieter Van de Sande
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Cellular and Network Excitability, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- StatUa Center of Statistics, University of Antwerp 2650, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ewa Sieliwończyk
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van Gucht
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Emeline Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Johan Saenen
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Alain J Labro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Cellular and Network Excitability, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium.,Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Dirk Snyders
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Cellular and Network Excitability, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Winnok De Vos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Dorien Schepers
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Cellular and Network Excitability, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Maaike Alaerts
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp & Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp 2650, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
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19
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Tani H, Tohyama S, Kishino Y, Kanazawa H, Fukuda K. Production of functional cardiomyocytes and cardiac tissue from human induced pluripotent stem cells for regenerative therapy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 164:83-91. [PMID: 34822838 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has revealed the potential for curing end-stage heart failure. Indeed, transplantation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) may have applications as a replacement for heart transplantation and conventional regenerative therapies. However, there are several challenges that still must be overcome for clinical applications, including large-scale production of hiPSCs and hiPSC-CMs, elimination of residual hiPSCs, purification of hiPSC-CMs, maturation of hiPSC-CMs, efficient engraftment of transplanted hiPSC-CMs, development of an injection device, and avoidance of post-transplant arrhythmia and immunological rejection. Thus, we developed several technologies based on understanding of the metabolic profiles of hiPSCs and hiPSC derivatives. In this review, we outline how to overcome these hurdles to realize the transplantation of hiPSC-CMs in patients with heart failure and introduce cutting-edge findings and perspectives for future regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Tani
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shugo Tohyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Kishino
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kanazawa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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20
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Rock inhibitor may compromise human induced pluripotent stem cells for cardiac differentiation in 3D. Bioact Mater 2021; 9:508-522. [PMID: 34786523 PMCID: PMC8581226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are valuable for the understanding/treatment of the deadly heart diseases and their drug screening. However, the very much needed homogeneous 3D cardiac differentiation of human iPSCs is still challenging. Here, it is discovered surprisingly that Rock inhibitor (RI), used ubiquitously to improve the survival/yield of human iPSCs, induces early gastrulation-like change to human iPSCs in 3D culture and may cause their heterogeneous differentiation into all the three germ layers (i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) at the commonly used concentration (10 μM). This greatly compromises the capacity of human iPSCs for homogeneous 3D cardiac differentiation. By reducing the RI to 1 μM for 3D culture, the human iPSCs retain high pluripotency/quality in inner cell mass-like solid 3D spheroids. Consequently, the beating efficiency of 3D cardiac differentiation can be improved to more than 95 % in ~7 days (compared to less than ~50 % in 14 days for the 10 μM RI condition). Furthermore, the outset beating time (OBT) of all resultant cardiac spheroids (CSs) is synchronized within only 1 day and they form a synchronously beating 3D construct after 5-day culture in gelatin methacrylol (GelMA) hydrogel, showing high homogeneity (in terms of the OBT) in functional maturity of the CSs. Moreover, the resultant cardiomyocytes are of high quality with key functional ultrastructures and highly responsive to cardiac drugs. These discoveries may greatly facilitate the utilization of human iPSCs for understanding and treating heart diseases.
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21
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Choe MS, Yeo HC, Youm JB, Choi SH, Choi WY, Kim SJ, Oh ST, Han HJ, Baek KM, Kim JS, Lim KS, Chang W, Lee MY. Cyclosporin A Enhances Cardiac Differentiation by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Human Embryonic Stem Cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Takemoto Y, Kadota S, Minami I, Otsuka S, Okuda S, Abo M, Punzalan LL, Shen Y, Shiba Y, Uesugi M. Chemical Genetics Reveals a Role of Squalene Synthase in TGFβ Signaling and Cardiomyogenesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Takemoto
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shin Kadota
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Shinshu University Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621 Japan
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Shinya Otsuka
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Satoshi Okuda
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Masahiro Abo
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Louvy Lynn Punzalan
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yan Shen
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Shinshu University Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621 Japan
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR) Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- School of Pharmacy Fudan University Shanghai 201203 China
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23
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Tadano K, Miyagawa S, Takeda M, Tsukamoto Y, Kazusa K, Takamatsu K, Akashi M, Sawa Y. Cardiotoxicity assessment using 3D vascularized cardiac tissue consisting of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 22:338-349. [PMID: 34514026 PMCID: PMC8408525 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are used for cardiac safety assessment but have limitations for the evaluation of drug-induced contractility. Three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissues are similar to native tissue and valuable for the assessment of contractility. However, a longer time and specialized equipment are required to generate 3D tissues. We previously developed a simple method to generate 3D tissue in a short period by coating the cell surfaces with extracellular matrix proteins. We hypothesized that this 3D cardiac tissue could be used for simultaneous evaluation of drug-induced repolarization and contractility. In the present work, we examined the effects of several compounds with different mechanisms of action by cell motion imaging. Consequently, human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channel blockers with high arrhythmogenic risk caused prolongation of contraction-relaxation duration and arrhythmia-like waveforms. Positive inotropic drugs, which increase intracellular Ca2+ levels or myocardial Ca2+ sensitivity, caused an increase in maximum contraction speed (MCS) or average deformation distance (ADD) (ouabain, 138% for MCS at 300 nM; pimobendane, 132% for ADD at 3 μM). For negative inotropic drugs, verapamil reduced both MCS and ADD (61% at 100 nM). Thus, this 3D cardiac tissue detected the expected effects of various cardiovascular drugs, suggesting its usefulness for cardiotoxicity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Tadano
- Drug Safety Research Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
- Corresponding author: Kiyoshi Tadano, Drug Safety Research Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Maki Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Tsukamoto
- Building Block Science Joint Research Chair, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kazusa
- Drug Safety Research Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takamatsu
- Drug Safety Research Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Akashi
- Building Block Science Joint Research Chair, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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24
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Kim YJ, Tamadon A, Kim YY, Kang BC, Ku SY. Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Differentiation from Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8599. [PMID: 34445302 PMCID: PMC8395249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the intent to achieve the best modalities for myocardial cell therapy, different cell types are being evaluated as potent sources for differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have great potential for future progress in the treatment of myocardial diseases. We reviewed aspects of epigenetic mechanisms that play a role in the differentiation of these cells into cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes proliferate during fetal life, and after birth, they undergo permanent terminal differentiation. Upregulation of cardiac-specific genes in adults induces hypertrophy due to terminal differentiation. The repression or expression of these genes is controlled by chromatin structural and epigenetic changes. However, few studies have reviewed and analyzed the epigenetic aspects of the differentiation of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiac lineage cells. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of epigenetic regulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation and differentiation from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells through histone modification and microRNAs, the maintenance of pluripotency, and its alteration during cardiac lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Korea;
| | - Amin Tamadon
- Department of Marine Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 14174, Iran;
| | - Yoon-Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Kang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Seung-Yup Ku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
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25
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Takemoto Y, Kadota S, Minami I, Otsuka S, Okuda S, Abo M, Punzalan LL, Shen Y, Shiba Y, Uesugi M. Chemical Genetics Reveals a Role of Squalene Synthase in TGFβ Signaling and Cardiomyogenesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21824-21831. [PMID: 34374184 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
KY02111 is a widely used small molecule that boosts cardiomyogenesis of the mesoderm cells derived from pluripotent stem cells, yet its molecular mechanism of action remains elusive. The present study resolves the initially perplexing effects of KY02111 on Wnt signaling and subsequently identifies squalene synthase (SQS) as a molecular target of KY02111 and its optimized version, KY-I. By disrupting the interaction of SQS with cardiac ER-membrane protein TMEM43, KY02111 impairs TGFβ signaling, but not Wnt signaling, and thereby recapitulates the clinical mutation of TMEM43 that causes arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), an inherited heart disease that involves a substitution of myocardium with fatty tissue. These findings reveal a heretofore undescribed role of SQS in TGFβ signaling and cardiomyogenesis. KY02111 may find its use in ARVC modeling as well as serve as a chemical tool for studying TGFβ/SMAD signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Takemoto
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shin Kadota
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Otsuka
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okuda
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masahiro Abo
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Louvy Lynn Punzalan
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yan Shen
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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26
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases top the list of fatal illnesses worldwide. Cardiac tissues is known to be one of te least proliferative in the human body, with very limited regenraive capacity. Stem cell therapy has shown great potential for treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the experimental setting, but success in human trials has been limited. Applications of stem cell therapy for cardiovascular regeneration necessitate understamding of the complex and unique structure of the heart unit, and the embryologic development of the heart muscles and vessels. This chapter aims to provide an insight into cardiac progenitor cells and their potential applications in regenerative medicine. It also provides an overview of the embryological development of cardiac tissue, and the major findings on the development of cardiac stem cells, their characterization, and differentiation, and their regenerative potential. It concludes with clinical applications in treating cardiac disease using different approaches, and concludes with areas for future research.
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27
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Arai K, Kitsuka T, Nakayama K. Scaffold-based and scaffold-free cardiac constructs for drug testing. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34233316 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The safety and therapeutic efficacy of new drugs are tested in experimental animals. However, besides being a laborious, costly process, differences in drug responses between humans and other animals and potential cardiac adverse effects lead to the discontinued development of new drugs. Thus, alternative approaches to animal tests are needed. Cardiotoxicity and responses of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to drugs are conventionally evaluated by cell seeding and two-dimensional (2D) culture, which allows measurements of field potential duration and the action potentials of CMs using multielectrode arrays. However, 2D-cultured hiPSC-CMs lack 3D spatial adhesion, and have fewer intercellular and extracellular matrix interactions, as well as different contractile behavior from CMsin vivo. This issue has been addressed using tissue engineering to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) cardiac constructs from hiPSC-CMs culturedin vitro. Tissue engineering can be categorized as scaffold-based and scaffold-free. In scaffold-based tissue engineering, collagen and fibrin gel scaffolds comprise a 3D culture environment in which seeded cells exhibit cardiac-specific functions and drug responses, whereas 3D cardiac constructs fabricated by tissue engineering without a scaffold have high cell density and form intercellular interactions. This review summarizes the characteristics of scaffold-based and scaffold-free cardiac tissue engineering and discusses the applications of fabricated cardiac constructs to drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Arai
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Clinical Biomaterial Applied Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kitsuka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakayama
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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28
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Chang D, Fan T, Gao S, Jin Y, Zhang M, Ono M. Application of mesenchymal stem cell sheet to treatment of ischemic heart disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:384. [PMID: 34233729 PMCID: PMC8261909 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to improve cardiac function and attenuate adverse ventricular remodeling of the ischemic myocardium through paracrine effects and immunoregulation functions. In combination with cell sheet technology, MSCs could be more easily transplanted to the ischemic area. The long-term retention of MSCs in the affected area was realized and significantly improved the curative effect. In this review, we summarized the research and the applications of MSC sheets to the treatment of ischemic heart tissue. At present, many types of MSCs have been considered as multipotent cells in the treatment of heart failure, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs), umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs), and skeletal myoblasts (SMs). Since UC-MSCs have few human leukocyte antigen-II and major histocompatibility complex class I molecules, and are easy to isolate and culture, UC-MSC sheets have been proposed as a candidate for clinical applications to ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Chang
- Department of Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Honggo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Taibing Fan
- Children Heart Center, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, No.1 Fuwai Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Research and Development Department, BOE Regenerative Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., NO.9 JiuXianQiao North Road, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Yongqiang Jin
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, NO.6 JiuXianQiao 1st Road, Beijing, 10016, China
| | - Mingkui Zhang
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, NO.6 JiuXianQiao 1st Road, Beijing, 10016, China
| | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Honggo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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29
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Jang JH, Kim MS, Antao AM, Jo WJ, Kim HJ, Kim SJ, Choi MJ, Ramakrishna S, Kim KS. Bioactive Lipid O-cyclic phytosphingosine-1-phosphate Promotes Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Cardiomyocytes via ALK3/BMPR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137015. [PMID: 34209900 PMCID: PMC8267745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult human cardiomyocytes have an extremely limited proliferative capacity, which poses a great barrier to regenerative medicine and research. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been proposed as an alternative source to generate large numbers of clinical grade cardiomyocytes (CMs) that can have potential therapeutic applications to treat cardiac diseases. Previous studies have shown that bioactive lipids are involved in diverse cellular responses including cardiogenesis. In this study, we explored the novel function of the chemically synthesized bioactive lipid O-cyclic phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (cP1P) as an inducer of cardiac differentiation. Here, we identified cP1P as a novel factor that significantly enhances the differentiation potential of hESCs into cardiomyocytes. Treatment with cP1P augments the beating colony number and contracting area of CMs. Furthermore, we elucidated the molecular mechanism of cP1P regulating SMAD1/5/8 signaling via the ALK3/BMP receptor cascade during cardiac differentiation. Our result provides a new insight for cP1P usage to improve the quality of CM differentiation for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Jang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Min-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Ainsley Mike Antao
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Won-Jun Jo
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hyung-Joon Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Axceso Biopharma Co., Ltd., Yongin 16914, Korea; (S.-J.K.); (M.-J.C.)
| | - Myeong-Jun Choi
- Axceso Biopharma Co., Ltd., Yongin 16914, Korea; (S.-J.K.); (M.-J.C.)
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: or (S.R.); (K.-S.K.)
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (M.-S.K.); (A.M.A.); (W.-J.J.); (H.-J.K.)
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: or (S.R.); (K.-S.K.)
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30
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Maturation strategies and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:226678. [PMID: 33057659 PMCID: PMC8209171 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMs). They are not only widely used in cardiac pharmacology screening, human heart disease modeling, and cell transplantation-based treatments, but also the most promising source of CMs for experimental and clinical applications. However, their use is largely restricted by the immature phenotype of structure and function, which is similar to embryonic or fetal CMs and has certain differences from adult CMs. In order to overcome this critical issue, many studies have explored and revealed new strategies to induce the maturity of iPSC-CMs. Therefore, this article aims to review recent induction methods of mature iPSC-CMs, related mechanisms, and limitations.
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31
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Suzuki K, Miyagawa S, Liu L, Kawamura T, Li J, Qu X, Harada A, Toda K, Yoshioka D, Kainuma S, Kawamura A, Sawa Y. Therapeutic efficacy of large aligned cardiac tissue derived from induced pluripotent stem cell in a porcine ischemic cardiomyopathy model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:767-777. [PMID: 34108109 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cardiac constructs may have a potential in cardiomyogenesis of a distressed myocardium, obtaining polarity in cardiac constructs, such as via myocyte alignment, may be crucial to achieve a maximum contractile force for better clinical outcomes. We herein hypothesized that transplantation of an aligned cardiac tissue derived from iPS cells has therapeutic effects in a porcine ischemic cardiomyopathy model as a preclinical trial. METHODS Aligned cardiac tissues were developed by culturing high-purity iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes in xeno-free conditions and transplanting them into infarct porcine hearts (iPS-CM group, n = 7; control, n = 6). Three months after treatment, therapeutic efficacy was evaluated functionally and histologically. RESULTS In vitro assessment revealed that the aligned cardiac tissue containing high purity cardiomyocytes contracted homogeneously and had excellent mechanical properties. In the in vivo study, the left ventricular ejection fraction of the iPS-CM group was significantly greater than that of the control group, 3 months after transplantation (37.8% ± 2.3% vs 28.3% ± 2.5%, p < 0.05). Pathologically, attenuated interstitial fibrosis, attenuation of hypertrophied cardiomyocytes, and an increased capillary density were also prominent in the iPS-CM group. A limited amount of engraftment of the transplanted tissue maintaining tissue alignment was observed at 2 weeks after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS The creation of large-scale functional aligned cardiac tissue was feasible, and the transplantation of the aligned tissue improved cardiac function with angiogenesis and antifibrotic effects in a porcine cardiomyopathy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuji Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Toda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kainuma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ai Kawamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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32
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Xiao Y, Amaral TF, Ross PJ, Soto DA, Diffenderfer KE, Pankonin AR, Jeensuk S, Tríbulo P, Hansen PJ. Importance of WNT-dependent signaling for derivation and maintenance of primed pluripotent bovine embryonic stem cells†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:52-63. [PMID: 33899086 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT signaling system plays an important but paradoxical role in the regulation of pluripotency. In the cow, IWR-1, which inhibits canonical WNT activation and has WNT-independent actions, promotes the derivation of primed pluripotent embryonic stem cells from the blastocyst. Here, we describe a series of experiments to determine whether derivation of embryonic stem cells could be generated by replacing IWR-1 with other inhibitors of WNT signaling. Results confirm the importance of inhibition of canonical WNT signaling for the establishment of pluripotent embryonic stem cells in cattle and indicate that the actions of IWR-1 can be mimicked by the WNT secretion inhibitor IWP2 but not by the tankyrase inhibitor XAV939 or WNT inhibitory protein dickkopf 1. The role of Janus kinase-mediated signaling pathways for the maintenance of pluripotency of embryonic stem cells was also evaluated. Maintenance of pluripotency of embryonic stem cells lines was blocked by a broad inhibitor of Janus kinase, even though the cells did not express phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3). Further studies with blastocysts indicated that IWR-1 blocks the activation of pSTAT3. A likely explanation is that IWR-1 blocks differentiation of embryonic stem cells into a pSTAT3+ lineage. In conclusion, results presented here indicate the importance of inhibition of WNT signaling for the derivation of pluripotent bovine embryonic stem cells, the role of Janus kinase signaling for maintenance of pluripotency, and the participation of IWR-1 in the inhibition of activation of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thiago F Amaral
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Delia A Soto
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Aimee R Pankonin
- Stem Cell Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Surawich Jeensuk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Livestock Development, Bureau of Biotechnology in Livestock Production, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Paula Tríbulo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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33
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Li Y, Weng X, Wang P, He Z, Cheng S, Wang D, Li X, Cheng G, Li T. 4-phenylbutyrate exerts stage-specific effects on cardiac differentiation via HDAC inhibition. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250267. [PMID: 33882103 PMCID: PMC8059837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), a terminal aromatic substituted fatty acid, is used widely to specifically attenuate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inhibit histone deacetylases (HDACs). In this study, we investigated the effect of 4-PBA on cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Herein, we found that 4-PBA regulated cardiac differentiation in a stage-specific manner just like trichostatin A (TSA), a well-known HDAC inhibitor. 4-PBA and TSA favored the early-stage differentiation, but inhibited the late-stage cardiac differentiation via acetylation. Mechanistic studies suggested that HDACs exhibited a temporal expression profiling during cardiomyogenesis. Hdac1 expression underwent a decrease at the early stage, while was upregulated at the late stage of cardiac induction. During the early stage of cardiac differentiation, acetylation favored the induction of Isl1 and Nkx2.5, two transcription factors of cardiac progenitors. During the late stage, histone acetylation induced by 4-PBA or TSA interrupted the gene silence of Oct4, a key determinant of self-renewal and pluripotency. Thereby, 4-PBA and TSA at the late stage hindered the exit from pluripotency, and attenuated the expression of cardiac-specific contractile proteins. Overexpression of HDAC1 and p300 exerted different effects at the distinct stages of cardiac induction. Collectively, our study shows that timely manipulation of HDACs exhibits distinct effects on cardiac differentiation. And the context-dependent effects of HDAC inhibitors depend on cell differentiation states marked by the temporal expression of pluripotency-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Weng
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zezhao He
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siya Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongxing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Xianhui Li
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanchang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
- * E-mail: (TL); (GC)
| | - Tao Li
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail: (TL); (GC)
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34
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Vandana JJ, Lacko LA, Chen S. Phenotypic technologies in stem cell biology. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:257-270. [PMID: 33651977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The high-throughput phenotypic screen (HTPS) has become an emerging technology to discover synthetic small molecules that regulate stem cell fates. Here, we review the application of HTPS to identify small molecules controlling stem cell renewal, reprogramming, differentiation, and lineage conversion. Moreover, we discuss the use of HTPS to discover small molecules/polymers mimicking the stem cell extracellular niche. Furthermore, HTPSs have been applied on whole-animal models to identify small molecules regulating stem cell renewal or differentiation in vivo. Finally, we discuss the examples of the utilization of HTPS in stem cell-based disease modeling, as well as in the discovery of novel drug candidates for cancer, diabetes, and infectious diseases. Overall, HTPSs have provided many powerful tools for the stem cell field, which not only facilitate the generation of functional cells/tissues for replacement therapy, disease modeling, and drug screening, but also help dissect molecular mechanisms regulating physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jeya Vandana
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, The Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauretta A Lacko
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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35
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Li J, Liu L, Minami I, Miyagawa S, Sawa Y. Fabrication of Thick and Anisotropic Cardiac Tissue on Nanofibrous Substrate for Repairing Infarcted Myocardium. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2320:65-73. [PMID: 34302648 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1484-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we introduce the method for fabricating thick and anisotropic cardiac tissue for heart regeneration. Aligned and biodegradable nanofiber can be prepared by electrospinning Food and Drug Administration-approved poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) on a rotating drum. After the nanofibers are transferred on to a polydimethylsiloxane frame, the cardiomyocytes could be plated on the nanofiber to form thick and anisotropic cardiac tissue rapidly. Cardiac tissue-like construct could be easily created by one-step method, and transplanted onto the hearts of myocardium infarction models and lead to their functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Design for Tissue Regeneration, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
- Department of Design for Tissue Regeneration, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Cell Design for Tissue Construction Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Frontier Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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36
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Chanthra N, Uosaki H. Maturity of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Future Perspectives for Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Shiba Y. Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cardiac Regeneration - Current Status, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Circ J 2020; 84:2129-2135. [PMID: 33087630 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Loss of myocardium permanently impairs cardiac function because the adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capacity. Strategies to regenerate injured heart tissue include the transplantation of multiple types of stem cells. Among them, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a promising option because of their unlimited self-renewal and unequivocal cardiomyogenic ability. To date, advances in stem cell biology allow generation of relatively homogeneous human PSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs). In this regard, preclinical studies of PSC-CM transplantation in rodents and larger animal models have provided convincing proof-of-concept results, triggering clinical studies in multiple countries. However, a few important uncertainties are yet to be addressed, warranting further investigation before clinical implementation of this novel therapy. An overview of the potential of stem cell therapy to provide new CMs for cardiac regeneration is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shiba
- Department of Regenerative Science and Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University
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38
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Xu X, Zhang M, Xu F, Jiang S. Wnt signaling in breast cancer: biological mechanisms, challenges and opportunities. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:165. [PMID: 33234169 PMCID: PMC7686704 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a highly conserved signaling pathway that plays a critical role in controlling embryonic and organ development, as well as cancer progression. Genome-wide sequencing and gene expression profile analyses have demonstrated that Wnt signaling is involved mainly in the processes of breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. The most recent studies have indicated that Wnt signaling is also crucial in breast cancer immune microenvironment regulation, stemness maintenance, therapeutic resistance, phenotype shaping, etc. Wnt/β-Catenin, Wnt-planar cell polarity (PCP), and Wnt-Ca2+ signaling are three well-established Wnt signaling pathways that share overlapping components and play different roles in breast cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the main findings concerning the relationship between Wnt signaling and breast cancer and provide an overview of existing mechanisms, challenges, and potential opportunities for advancing the therapy and diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Faying Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Shaojie Jiang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
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Kafer GR, Tanaka Y, Rillo-Bohn R, Shimizu E, Hasegawa K, Carlton PM. Sequential peripheral enrichment of H2A.Zac and H3K9me2 during trophoblast differentiation in human embryonic stem cells. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.245282. [PMID: 33199519 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.245282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During the transition from pluripotency to a lineage-committed state, chromatin undergoes large-scale changes in structure, involving covalent modification of histone tails, use of histone variants and gene position changes with respect to the nuclear periphery. Here, using high-resolution microscopy and quantitative image analysis, we surveyed a panel of histone modifications for changes in nuclear peripheral enrichment during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to a trophoblast-like lineage. We found two dynamic modifications at the nuclear periphery, acetylation of histone H2A.Z (H2A.Zac), and dimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me2). We demonstrate successive peripheral enrichment of these markers, with H2A.Zac followed by H3K9me2, over the course of 4 days. We find that H3K9me2 increases concomitantly with, but independently of, expression of lamin A, since deletion of lamin A did not affect H3K9me2 enrichment. We further show that inhibition of histone deacetylases causes persistent and increased H2A.Z acetylation at the periphery, delayed H3K9me2 enrichment and failure to differentiate. Our results show a concerted change in the nature of peripheral chromatin occurs upon differentiation into the trophoblast state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Rose Kafer
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Regina Rillo-Bohn
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Eiko Shimizu
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kouichi Hasegawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Peter M Carlton
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Lee JA, An J, Taniguchi J, Kashiwazaki G, Pandian GN, Parveen N, Kang TM, Sugiyama H, De D, Kim KK. Targeted epigenetic modulation using a DNA-based histone deacetylase inhibitor enhances cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3946-3962. [PMID: 33164232 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The epigenome has an essential role in orchestrating transcriptional activation and modulating key developmental processes. Previously, we developed a library of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides (PIPs) conjugated with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, for the purpose of sequence-specific modification of epigenetics. Based on the gene expression profile of SAHA-PIPs and screening studies using the α-myosin heavy chain promoter-driven reporter and SAHA-PIP library, we identified that SAHA-PIP G activates cardiac-related genes. Studies in mouse ES cells showed that SAHA-PIP G could enhance the generation of spontaneous beating cells, which is consistent with upregulation of several cardiac-related genes. Moreover, ChIP-seq results confirmed that the upregulation of cardiac-related genes is highly correlated with epigenetic activation, relevant to the sequence-specific binding of SAHA-PIP G. This proof-of-concept study demonstrating the applicability of SAHA-PIP not only improves our understanding of epigenetic alterations involved in cardiomyogenesis but also provides a novel chemical-based strategy for stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-A Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun An
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junichi Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gengo Kashiwazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ganesh N Pandian
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nazia Parveen
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong Mook Kang
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Debojyoti De
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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41
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A human hair-based platform for long-term maintenance of 3D engineered cardiac tissues in vitro. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ashok P, Parikh A, Du C, Tzanakakis ES. Xenogeneic-Free System for Biomanufacturing of Cardiomyocyte Progeny From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:571425. [PMID: 33195131 PMCID: PMC7644809 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.571425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional heart cells and tissues sourced from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have great potential for substantially advancing treatments of cardiovascular maladies. Realization of this potential will require the development of cost-effective and tunable bioprocesses for manufacturing hPSC-based cell therapeutics. Here, we report the development of a xeno-free platform for guiding the cardiogenic commitment of hPSCs. The system is based on a fully defined, open-source formulation without complex supplements, which have varied and often undetermined effects on stem cell physiology. The formulation was used to systematically investigate factors inducing the efficient commitment to cardiac mesoderm of three hPSC lines. Contractile clusters of cells appeared within a week of differentiation in planar cultures and by day 13 over 80% of the cells expressed cardiac progeny markers such as TNNT2. In conjunction with expansion, this differentiation strategy was employed in stirred-suspension cultures of hPSCs. Scalable differentiation resulted in 0.4-2 million CMs/ml or ∼5-20 TNNT2-positive cells per seeded hPSC without further enrichment. Our findings will contribute to the engineering of bioprocesses advancing the manufacturing of stem cell-based therapeutics for heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Ashok
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | | | - Chuang Du
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Emmanuel S. Tzanakakis
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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43
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Ryu B, Choi SW, Lee SG, Jeong YH, Kim U, Kim J, Jung CR, Chung HM, Park JH, Kim CY. Development and evaluation of next-generation cardiotoxicity assay based on embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 32336319 PMCID: PMC7473479 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.8.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In accordance with requirements of the ICH S7B safety pharma-cology guidelines, numerous next-generation cardiotoxicity studies using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) are being conducted globally. Although several stem cell-derived CMs are being developed for commercialization, there is insufficient research to verify if these CMs can replace animal experiments. In this study, in vitro high-efficiency CMs derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC-CMs) were compared with Sprague-Dawley rats as in vivo experimental animals, and primary cultured in vitro rat-CMs for cardiotoxicity tests. In vivo rats were administrated with two consecutive injections of 100 mg/kg isoproterenol, 15 mg/kg doxorubicin, or 100 mg/kg nifedipine, while in vitro rat-CMs and hESC-CMs were treated with 5 µM isoproterenol, 5 µM doxorubicin, and 50 µM nifedipine. We have verified the equivalence of hESC-CMs assessments over various molecular biological markers, morphological analysis. Also, we have identified the advantages of hESC-CMs, which can distinguish between species variability, over electrophysiological analysis of ion channels against cardiac damage. Our findings demonstrate the possibility and advantage of high-effi-ciency hESC-CMs as next-generation cardiotoxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyeong Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seong Woo Choi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ukjin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Cho-Rok Jung
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - C-Yoon Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Kadota S, Tanaka Y, Shiba Y. Heart regeneration using pluripotent stem cells. J Cardiol 2020; 76:459-463. [PMID: 32690435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), which include embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (ESCs and iPSCs, respectively), have great potential in regenerative medicine for heart diseases due to their virtually unlimited cardiogenic capacity. Many preclinical studies have described the functional benefits after transplantation of PSC-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs). However, transient ventricular arrhythmias were detected after injection into non-human primates and swine ischemic hearts; as engrafted PSC-CMs form an electrical coupling between host and graft, the immature characteristics of PSC-CMs may serve as an ectopic pacemaker. We are entering a critical time in the development of novel therapies using PSC-CMs, with the recent first clinical trial using human iPSC-CMs (hiPSC-CMs) being launched in Japan. In this review, we summarize the updated knowledge, perspectives, and limitations of PSC-CMs for heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kadota
- Department of Regenerative Science and Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Regenerative Science and Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Department of Regenerative Science and Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
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45
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Vargas-Valderrama A, Messina A, Mitjavila-Garcia MT, Guenou H. The endothelium, a key actor in organ development and hPSC-derived organoid vascularization. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:67. [PMID: 32443983 PMCID: PMC7245026 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 4 decades, cell culture techniques have evolved towards the creation of in vitro multicellular entities that incorporate the three-dimensional complexity of in vivo tissues and organs. As a result, stem cells and adult progenitor cells have been used to derive self-organized 3D cell aggregates that mimic the morphological and functional traits of organs in vitro. These so-called organoids were first generated from primary animal and human tissues, then human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) arose as a new tool for organoid generation. Due to their self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential, hPSCs are an unlimited source of cells used for organoids. Today, hPSC-derived small intestinal, kidney, brain, liver, and pancreas organoids, among others, have been produced and are promising in vitro human models for diverse applications, including fundamental research, drug development and regenerative medicine. However, achieving in vivo-like organ complexity and maturation in vitro remains a challenge. Current hPSC-derived organoids are often limited in size and developmental state, resembling embryonic or fetal organs rather than adult organs. The use of endothelial cells to vascularize hPSC-derived organoids may represent a key to ensuring oxygen and nutrient distribution in large organoids, thus contributing to the maturation of adult-like organoids through paracrine signaling.Here, we review the current state of the art regarding vascularized hPSC-derived organoids (vhPSC-Orgs). We analyze the progress achieved in the generation of organoids derived from the three primary germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm) exemplified by the pancreas, liver, kidneys and brain. Special attention will be given to the role of the endothelium in the organogenesis of the aforementioned organs, the sources of endothelial cells employed in vhPSC-Org protocols and the remaining challenges preventing the creation of ex vivo functional and vascularized organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vargas-Valderrama
- INSERM UMRS-MD 1197, Université Paris Sud-Université Paris-Saclay. Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
- DHU Hépatinov, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonietta Messina
- DHU Hépatinov, Villejuif, France
- UMR_S1193 Inserm. Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Teresa Mitjavila-Garcia
- INSERM UMRS-MD 1197, Université Paris Sud-Université Paris-Saclay. Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
- DHU Hépatinov, Villejuif, France
| | - Hind Guenou
- INSERM UMRS-MD 1197, Université Paris Sud-Université Paris-Saclay. Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
- DHU Hépatinov, Villejuif, France
- Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne. Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
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46
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Vyas B, Nandkishore N, Sambasivan R. Vertebrate cranial mesoderm: developmental trajectory and evolutionary origin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1933-1945. [PMID: 31722070 PMCID: PMC11105048 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate cranial mesoderm is a discrete developmental unit compared to the mesoderm below the developing neck. An extraordinary feature of the cranial mesoderm is that it includes a common progenitor pool contributing to the chambered heart and the craniofacial skeletal muscles. This striking developmental potential and the excitement it generated led to advances in our understanding of cranial mesoderm developmental mechanism. Remarkably, recent findings have begun to unravel the origin of its distinct developmental characteristics. Here, we take a detailed view of the ontogenetic trajectory of cranial mesoderm and its regulatory network. Based on the emerging evidence, we propose that cranial and posterior mesoderm diverge at the earliest step of the process that patterns the mesoderm germ layer along the anterior-posterior body axis. Further, we discuss the latest evidence and their impact on our current understanding of the evolutionary origin of cranial mesoderm. Overall, the review highlights the findings from contemporary research, which lays the foundation to probe the molecular basis of unique developmental potential and evolutionary origin of cranial mesoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Vyas
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560065, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Nitya Nandkishore
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560065, India
- SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - Ramkumar Sambasivan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Transit Campus, Karakambadi Road, Rami Reddy Nagar, Mangalam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India.
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47
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Yap L, Wang JW, Moreno-Moral A, Chong LY, Sun Y, Harmston N, Wang X, Chong SY, Vanezis K, Öhman MK, Wei H, Bunte R, Gosh S, Cook S, Hovatta O, de Kleijn DPV, Petretto E, Tryggvason K. In Vivo Generation of Post-infarct Human Cardiac Muscle by Laminin-Promoted Cardiovascular Progenitors. Cell Rep 2020; 26:3231-3245.e9. [PMID: 30893597 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of injured human heart muscle is limited and an unmet clinical need. There are no methods for the reproducible generation of clinical-quality stem cell-derived cardiovascular progenitors (CVPs). We identified laminin-221 (LN-221) as the most likely expressed cardiac laminin. We produced it as human recombinant protein and showed that LN-221 promotes differentiation of pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) toward cardiomyocyte lineage and downregulates pluripotency and teratoma-associated genes. We developed a chemically defined, xeno-free laminin-based differentiation protocol to generate CVPs. We show high reproducibility of the differentiation protocol using time-course bulk RNA sequencing developed from different hESC lines. Single-cell RNA sequencing of CVPs derived from hESC lines supported reproducibility and identified three main progenitor subpopulations. These CVPs were transplanted into myocardial infarction mice, where heart function was measured by echocardiogram and human heart muscle bundle formation was identified histologically. This method may provide clinical-quality cells for use in regenerative cardiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Yap
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Li Yen Chong
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Yi Sun
- BioLamina AB, Löfströms Allé 5A, Sundbyberg 17266, Sweden
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Suet Yen Chong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Konstantinos Vanezis
- Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Miina K Öhman
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Heming Wei
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Ralph Bunte
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sujoy Gosh
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Stuart Cook
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore; National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Cale Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Outi Hovatta
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 117599, Singapore; University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Karl Tryggvason
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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48
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Sung TC, Su HC, Ling QD, Kumar SS, Chang Y, Hsu ST, Higuchi A. Efficient differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes on cell sorting thermoresponsive surface. Biomaterials 2020; 253:120060. [PMID: 32450407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current differentiation process of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into cardiomyocytes to enhance the purity of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes requires some purification processes, which are laborious processes. We developed cell sorting plates, which are prepared from coating thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and extracellular matrix proteins. After hPSCs were induced into cardiomyocytes on the thermoresponsive surface coated with laminin-521 for 15 days, the temperature of the cell culture plates was decreased to 8-9 °C to detach the cells partially from the thermoresponsive surface. The detached cells exhibited a higher cardiomyocyte marker of cTnT than the remaining cells on the thermoresponsive surface as well as the cardiomyocytes after purification using conventional cell selection. The detached cells expressed several cardiomyocyte markers, such as α-actinin, MLC2a and NKX2.5. This study suggested that the purification of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes using cell sorting plates with the thermoresponsive surface is a promising method for the purification of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes without conventional laborious processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Huan Chiao Su
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung-Bei Rd., Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tien Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, 77, Kuangtai Road, Pingjen City, Taoyuan, 32405, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung-Bei Rd., Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 16, Xinsan Road, Hi-tech Industry Park, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Center for Emergent Matter Science, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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49
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Ahmed RE, Anzai T, Chanthra N, Uosaki H. A Brief Review of Current Maturation Methods for Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:178. [PMID: 32266260 PMCID: PMC7096382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the subsequent generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) was a pivotal point in regenerative medicine and cardiovascular research. They constituted an appealing tool for replacing dead and dysfunctional cardiac tissue, screening cardiac drugs and toxins, and studying inherited cardiac diseases. The problem is that these cells remain largely immature, and in order to utilize them, they must reach a functional degree of maturity. To attempt to mimic in vivo environment, various methods including prolonging culture time, co-culture and modulations of chemical, electrical, mechanical culture conditions have been tried. In addition to that, changing the topology of the culture made huge progress with the introduction of the 3D culture that closely resembles the in vivo cardiac topology and overcomes many of the limitations of the conventionally used 2D models. Nonetheless, 3D culture alone is not enough, and using a combination of these methods is being explored. In this review, we summarize the main differences between immature, fetal-like hiPSC-CMs and adult cardiomyocytes, then glance at the current approaches used to promote hiPSC-CMs maturation. In the second part, we focus on the evolving 3D culture model - it's structure, the effect on hiPSC-CMs maturation, incorporation with different maturation methods, limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Elfadil Ahmed
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Anzai
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Nawin Chanthra
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hideki Uosaki
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
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Li J, Zhang L, Yu L, Minami I, Miyagawa S, Hörning M, Dong J, Qiao J, Qu X, Hua Y, Fujimoto N, Shiba Y, Zhao Y, Tang F, Chen Y, Sawa Y, Tang C, Liu L. Circulating re-entrant waves promote maturation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in self-organized tissue ring. Commun Biol 2020; 3:122. [PMID: 32170165 PMCID: PMC7070090 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Directed differentiation methods allow acquisition of high-purity cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs); however, their immaturity characteristic limits their application for drug screening and regenerative therapy. The rapid electrical pacing of cardiomyocytes has been used for efficiently promoting the maturation of cardiomyocytes, here we describe a simple device in modified culture plate on which hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes can form three-dimensional self-organized tissue rings (SOTRs). Using calcium imaging, we show that within the ring, reentrant waves (ReWs) of action potential spontaneously originated and ran robustly at a frequency up to 4 Hz. After 2 weeks, SOTRs with ReWs show higher maturation including structural organization, increased cardiac-specific gene expression, enhanced Ca2+-handling properties, an increased oxygen-consumption rate, and enhanced contractile force. We subsequently use a mathematical model to interpret the origination, propagation, and long-term behavior of the ReWs within the SOTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Lu Zhang
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Leqian Yu
- Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Department of Cell Design for Tissue Construction Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Marcel Hörning
- Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ji Dong
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qiao
- Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nanae Fujimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Department of Regenerative Science and Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-0821, Japan
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Chao Tang
- Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Drug Discovery Cardiovascular Regeneration, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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