1
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Babygirija R, Sonsalla MM, Mill J, James I, Han JH, Green CL, Calubag MF, Wade G, Tobon A, Michael J, Trautman MM, Matoska R, Yeh CY, Grunow I, Pak HH, Rigby MJ, Baldwin DA, Niemi NM, Denu JM, Puglielli L, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Protein restriction slows the development and progression of pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5217. [PMID: 38890307 PMCID: PMC11189507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and dietary protein restriction extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. In this study, we examined the effect of protein restriction (PR) on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. Here, we show that PR promotes leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice, specifically rescuing the glucose intolerance of 3xTg females. PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating and brain metabolites, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses in 3xTg females. PR also reduces AD pathology and mTORC1 activity, increases autophagy, and improves the cognition of 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improves the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results suggest that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jessica H Han
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mariah F Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gina Wade
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Anna Tobon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John Michael
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michaela M Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Matoska
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isaac Grunow
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael J Rigby
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dominique A Baldwin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Natalie M Niemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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2
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Trautman ME, Green CL, MacArthur MR, Chaiyakul K, Alam YH, Yeh CY, Babygirija R, James I, Gilpin M, Zelenovskiy E, Green M, Marshall RN, Sonsalla MM, Flores V, Simcox JA, Ong IM, Malecki KC, Jang C, Lamming DW. Dietary isoleucine content defines the metabolic and molecular response to a Western diet. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596340. [PMID: 38895446 PMCID: PMC11185563 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The amino acid composition of the diet has recently emerged as a critical regulator of metabolic health. Consumption of the branched-chain amino acid isoleucine is positively correlated with body mass index in humans, and reducing dietary levels of isoleucine rapidly improves the metabolic health of diet-induced obese male C57BL/6J mice. However, it is unknown how sex, strain, and dietary isoleucine intake may interact to impact the response to a Western Diet (WD). Here, we find that although the magnitude of the effect varies by sex and strain, reducing dietary levels of isoleucine protects C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice of both sexes from the deleterious metabolic effects of a WD, while increasing dietary levels of isoleucine impairs aspects of metabolic health. Despite broadly positive responses across all sexes and strains to reduced isoleucine, the molecular response of each sex and strain is highly distinctive. Using a multi-omics approach, we identify a core sex- and strain-independent molecular response to dietary isoleucine, and identify mega-clusters of differentially expressed hepatic genes, metabolites, and lipids associated with each phenotype. Intriguingly, the metabolic effects of reduced isoleucine in mice are not associated with FGF21 - and we find that in humans plasma FGF21 levels are likewise not associated with dietary levels of isoleucine. Finally, we find that foods contain a range of isoleucine levels, and that consumption of dietary isoleucine is lower in humans with healthy eating habits. Our results demonstrate that the dietary level of isoleucine is critical in the metabolic and molecular response to a WD, and suggest that lowering dietary levels of isoleucine may be an innovative and translatable strategy to protect from the negative metabolic consequences of a WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E. Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Cara L. Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Michael R. MacArthur
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Krittisak Chaiyakul
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yasmine H. Alam
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael Gilpin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Esther Zelenovskiy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Madelyn Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Ryan N. Marshall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Michelle M. Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Victoria Flores
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Judith A Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Irene M. Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kristen C. Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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3
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Reda GK, Ndunguru SF, Csernus B, Lugata JK, Knop R, Szabó C, Czeglédi L, Lendvai ÁZ. Sex-specific effects of dietary restriction on physiological variables in Japanese quails. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11405. [PMID: 38799393 PMCID: PMC11116846 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutritional limitation is a common phenomenon in nature that leads to trade-offs among processes competing for limited resources. These trade-offs are mediated by changes in physiological traits such as growth factors and circulating lipids. However, studies addressing the sex-specific effect of nutritional deficiency on these physiological variables are limited in birds. We used dietary restriction to mimic the depletion of resources to various degrees and investigated sex-specific effects on circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and triglycerides in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) subjected to ad libitum, 20%, 30% or 40% restriction of their daily requirement, for 2 weeks. We also explored the association of both physiological variables with body mass and egg production. While dietary restriction showed no effects on circulating IGF-1, this hormone exhibited a marked sexual difference, with females having 64.7% higher IGF-1 levels than males. Dietary restriction significantly reduced plasma triglyceride levels in both sexes. Females showed more than six-fold higher triglyceride levels than males. Triglyceride levels were positively associated with body mass in females while showed not association in males. Overall, our findings revealed sex-specific expression of physiological variables under dietary restriction conditions, which coincide with body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebrehaweria K. Reda
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Faculty of Life ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Sawadi F. Ndunguru
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Faculty of Life ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Brigitta Csernus
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Faculty of Life ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - James K. Lugata
- Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Renáta Knop
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Csaba Szabó
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Levente Czeglédi
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Ádám Z. Lendvai
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Faculty of Life ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
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4
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Babygirija R, Sonsalla MM, Mill J, James I, Han JH, Green CL, Calubag MF, Wade G, Tobon A, Michael J, Trautman MM, Matoska R, Yeh CY, Grunow I, Pak HH, Rigby MJ, Baldwin DA, Niemi NM, Denu JM, Puglielli L, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Protein restriction slows the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease in mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3342413. [PMID: 37790423 PMCID: PMC10543316 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3342413/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and many independent groups of researchers have shown that dietary protein restriction (PR) extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. Here, we examined the effect of PR on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. We found that PR has metabolic benefits for 3xTg mice and non-transgenic controls of both sexes, promoting leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice and rescuing the glucose intolerance of 3xTg females. We found that PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating metabolites and in the brain metabolome and lipidome, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses including ceramides, glucosylceramides, and sphingomyelins in 3xTg females. Consumption of a PR diet starting at 6 months of age reduced AD pathology in conjunction with reduced mTORC1 activity, increased autophagy, and had cognitive benefits for 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improved the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results demonstrate that PR slows the progression of AD at molecular and pathological levels, preserves cognition in this mouse model of AD, and suggests that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Michelle M. Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jessica H. Han
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Cara L. Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mariah F. Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Gina Wade
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anna Tobon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John Michael
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michaela M. Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Matoska
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isaac Grunow
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heidi H. Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael J. Rigby
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Dominique A. Baldwin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Natalie M. Niemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M. Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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5
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Yu Y, Lu C, Yu W, Lei Y, Sun S, Liu P, Bai F, Chen Y, Chen J. B Cells Dynamic in Aging and the Implications of Nutritional Regulation. Nutrients 2024; 16:487. [PMID: 38398810 PMCID: PMC10893126 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging negatively affects B cell production, resulting in a decrease in B-1 and B-2 cells and impaired antibody responses. Age-related B cell subsets contribute to inflammation. Investigating age-related alterations in the B-cell pool and developing targeted therapies are crucial for combating autoimmune diseases in the elderly. Additionally, optimal nutrition, including carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, and especially lipids, play a vital role in supporting immune function and mitigating the age-related decline in B cell activity. Research on the influence of lipids on B cells shows promise for improving autoimmune diseases. Understanding the aging B-cell pool and considering nutritional interventions can inform strategies for promoting healthy aging and reducing the age-related disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China; (Y.Y.)
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6
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Na K, Park YJ. Protein Restriction in Metabolic Health: Lessons from Rodent Models. Nutrients 2024; 16:229. [PMID: 38257122 PMCID: PMC10819042 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumption of protein-rich diets and supplements has been increasingly advocated by individuals seeking to optimize metabolic health and mitigate the effects of aging. Protein intake is postulated to support muscle mass retention and enhance longevity, underscoring its perceived benefits in age-related metabolic regulation. However, emerging evidence presents a paradox; while moderate protein consumption contributes to health maintenance, an excessive intake is associated with an elevated risk of chronic diseases, notably obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that reducing the ratio of protein intake to macronutrients improves metabolic parameters and extends lifespan. The aim of this study is to review the current evidence concerning the metabolic effects of protein-restricted diets and their potential mechanisms. Utilizing rodent models, investigations have revealed that protein-restricted diets exert a notable influence over food intake and energy consumption, ultimately leading to body weight loss, depending on the degree of dietary protein restriction. These phenotypic alterations are primarily mediated by the FGF21 signaling pathway, whose activation is likely regulated by ATF4 and the circadian clock. The evidence suggests that protein-restricted diets as an alternative approach to calorie-restricted regimes, particularly in overweight or obese adults. However, more research is needed to determine the optimal level of restriction, duration, and long-term effects of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuhee Na
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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7
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Yeh CY, Chini LC, Davidson JW, Garcia GG, Gallagher MS, Freichels IT, Calubag MF, Rodgers AC, Green CL, Babygirija R, Sonsalla MM, Pak HH, Trautman M, Hacker TA, Miller RA, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Late-life isoleucine restriction promotes physiological and molecular signatures of healthy aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.02.06.527311. [PMID: 36798157 PMCID: PMC9934591 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.06.527311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
In defiance of the paradigm that calories from all sources are equivalent, we and others have shown that dietary protein is a dominant regulator of healthy aging. The restriction of protein or the branched-chain amino acid isoleucine promotes healthspan and extends lifespan when initiated in young or adult mice. However, many interventions are less efficacious or even deleterious when initiated in aged animals. Here, we investigate the physiological, metabolic, and molecular consequences of consuming a diet with a 67% reduction of all amino acids (Low AA), or of isoleucine alone (Low Ile), in male and female C57BL/6J.Nia mice starting at 20 months of age. We find that both diet regimens effectively reduce adiposity and improve glucose tolerance, which were benefits that were not mediated by reduced calorie intake. Both diets improve specific aspects of frailty, slow multiple molecular indicators of aging rate, and rejuvenate the aging heart and liver at the molecular level. These results demonstrate that Low AA and Low Ile diets can drive youthful physiological and molecular signatures, and support the possibility that these dietary interventions could help to promote healthy aging in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Lucas C.S. Chini
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Jessica W. Davidson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Gonzalo G. Garcia
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Meredith S. Gallagher
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Isaac T. Freichels
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Mariah F. Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Allison C. Rodgers
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Cara L. Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Michelle M. Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Heidi H. Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Michaela Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Timothy A. Hacker
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Judith Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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8
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Rives C, Martin CMP, Evariste L, Polizzi A, Huillet M, Lasserre F, Alquier-Bacquie V, Perrier P, Gomez J, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Levade T, Sabourdy F, Remignon H, Fafournoux P, Chassaing B, Loiseau N, Guillou H, Ellero-Simatos S, Gamet-Payrastre L, Fougerat A. Dietary Amino Acid Source Elicits Sex-Specific Metabolic Response to Diet-Induced NAFLD in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300491. [PMID: 37888831 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a sexually dimorphic disease influenced by dietary factors. Here, the metabolic and hepatic effects of dietary amino acid (AA) source is assessed in Western diet (WD)-induced NAFLD in male and female mice. METHODS AND RESULTS The AA source is either casein or a free AA mixture mimicking the composition of casein. As expected, males fed a casein-based WD display glucose intolerance, fasting hyperglycemia, and insulin-resistance and develop NAFLD associated with changes in hepatic gene expression and microbiota dysbiosis. In contrast, males fed the AA-based WD show no steatosis, a similar gene expression profile as males fed a control diet, and a distinct microbiota composition compared to males fed a casein-based WD. Females are protected against WD-induced liver damage, hepatic gene expression, and gut microbiota changes regardless of the AA source. CONCLUSIONS Free dietary AA intake prevents the unhealthy metabolic outcomes of a WD preferentially in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Rives
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Céline Marie Pauline Martin
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Lauris Evariste
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Marine Huillet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Frédéric Lasserre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Valérie Alquier-Bacquie
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Prunelle Perrier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Jelskey Gomez
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- INSERM U1037, CRCT, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, 31059, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, 31300, France
| | - Frédérique Sabourdy
- INSERM U1037, CRCT, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, 31059, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, 31300, France
| | - Hervé Remignon
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
- INP-ENSAT, Toulouse University, Castanet-Tolosan, 31320, France
| | - Pierre Fafournoux
- INRAE center, Proteostasis Tim, Saint Genes Champanelle, 63122, France
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, Team "Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases", CNRS UMR10 8104, Paris Cité University, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, 31170, France
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9
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Solon-Biet SM, Clark X, Bell-Anderson K, Rusu PM, Perks R, Freire T, Pulpitel T, Senior AM, Hoy AJ, Aung O, Le Couteur DG, Raubenheimer D, Rose AJ, Conigrave AD, Simpson SJ. Toward reconciling the roles of FGF21 in protein appetite, sweet preference, and energy expenditure. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113536. [PMID: 38060447 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), an endocrine signal robustly increased by protein restriction independently of an animal's energy status, exerts profound effects on feeding behavior and metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that considering the nutritional contexts within which FGF21 is elevated can help reconcile current controversies over its roles in mediating macronutrient preference, food intake, and energy expenditure. We show that FGF21 is primarily a driver of increased protein intake in mice and that the effect of FGF21 on sweet preference depends on the carbohydrate balance of the animal. Under no-choice feeding, FGF21 infusion either increased or decreased energy expenditure depending on whether the animal was fed a high- or low-energy diet, respectively. We show that while the role of FGF21 in mediating feeding behavior is complex, its role in promoting protein appetite is robust and that the effects on sweet preference and energy expenditure are macronutrient-state-dependent effects of FGF21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Ximonie Clark
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kim Bell-Anderson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Patricia M Rusu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ruth Perks
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Therese Freire
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tamara Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Okka Aung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Ageing and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Adam J Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Arthur D Conigrave
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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10
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Das SK, Silver RE, Senior A, Gilhooly CH, Bhapkar M, Le Couteur D. Diet composition, adherence to calorie restriction, and cardiometabolic disease risk modification. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14018. [PMID: 37873687 PMCID: PMC10726801 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is a promising approach for attenuating the risk of age-related disease. However, the role of diet composition on adherence to CR and the effects of CR on cardiometabolic markers of healthspan remains unknown. We used the Geometric Framework for Nutrition approach to examine the association between macronutrient composition and CR adherence during the 2-year CALERIE trial. Adult participants without obesity were randomized to a 25% CR intervention or an ad libitum intake control. Correlations of cardiometabolic risk factors with macronutrient composition and standard dietary pattern indices [Alternate Mediterranean Diet Index (aMED), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)] were also evaluated by Spearman's correlation at each time point. The mean age was 38.1 ± 7.2 years at baseline and the mean BMI was 25.1 ± 1.7. The study population was 70% female. The CR group, but not the control, consumed a higher percentage reported energy intake from protein and carbohydrate and lower fat at 12 months compared to baseline; comparable results were observed at 24 months. Protein in the background of higher carbohydrate intake was associated with greater adherence at 24 months. There was no correlation between macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in the CR group. However, statistically significant correlations were observed for the DII and HEI. These findings suggest that individual self-selected macronutrients have an interactive but not independent role in CR adherence. Additional research is required to examine the impact of varying macronutrient compositions on adherence to CR and resultant modification to cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rachel E. Silver
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alistair Senior
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Precision Data Science CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Cheryl H. Gilhooly
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Manjushri Bhapkar
- Duke Clinical Research InstituteDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - David Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Centre for Education and Research on AgeingConcord RG HospitalConcordNew South WalesAustralia
- ANZAC Research InstituteSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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11
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Trautman ME, Braucher LN, Elliehausen C, Zhu WG, Zelenovskiy E, Green M, Sonsalla MM, Yeh CY, Hornberger TA, Konopka AR, Lamming DW. Resistance exercise protects mice from protein-induced fat accretion. eLife 2023; 12:RP91007. [PMID: 38019262 PMCID: PMC10686620 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-protein (LP) diets extend the lifespan of diverse species and are associated with improved metabolic health in both rodents and humans. Paradoxically, many athletes and bodybuilders consume high-protein (HP) diets and protein supplements, yet are both fit and metabolically healthy. Here, we examine this paradox using weight pulling, a validated progressive resistance exercise training regimen, in mice fed either an LP diet or an isocaloric HP diet. We find that despite having lower food consumption than the LP group, HP-fed mice gain significantly more fat mass than LP-fed mice when not exercising, while weight pulling protected HP-fed mice from this excess fat accretion. The HP diet augmented exercise-induced hypertrophy of the forearm flexor complex, and weight pulling ability increased more rapidly in the exercised HP-fed mice. Surprisingly, exercise did not protect from HP-induced changes in glycemic control. Our results confirm that HP diets can augment muscle hypertrophy and accelerate strength gain induced by resistance exercise without negative effects on fat mass, and also demonstrate that LP diets may be advantageous in the sedentary. Our results highlight the need to consider both dietary composition and activity, not simply calories, when taking a precision nutrition approach to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin- MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Leah N Braucher
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
| | - Christian Elliehausen
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Wenyuan G Zhu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Esther Zelenovskiy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
| | - Madelyn Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
| | - Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
| | - Troy A Hornberger
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Adam R Konopka
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonUnited States
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin- MadisonMadisonUnited States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer CenterMadisonUnited States
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12
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Green CL, Trautman ME, Chaiyakul K, Jain R, Alam YH, Babygirija R, Pak HH, Sonsalla MM, Calubag MF, Yeh CY, Bleicher A, Novak G, Liu TT, Newman S, Ricke WA, Matkowskyj KA, Ong IM, Jang C, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Dietary restriction of isoleucine increases healthspan and lifespan of genetically heterogeneous mice. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1976-1995.e6. [PMID: 37939658 PMCID: PMC10655617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Low-protein diets promote health and longevity in diverse species. Restriction of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine, and valine recapitulates many of these benefits in young C57BL/6J mice. Restriction of dietary isoleucine (IleR) is sufficient to promote metabolic health and is required for many benefits of a low-protein diet in C57BL/6J males. Here, we test the hypothesis that IleR will promote healthy aging in genetically heterogeneous adult UM-HET3 mice. We find that IleR improves metabolic health in young and old HET3 mice, promoting leanness and glycemic control in both sexes, and reprograms hepatic metabolism in a sex-specific manner. IleR reduces frailty and extends the lifespan of male and female mice, but to a greater degree in males. Our results demonstrate that IleR increases healthspan and longevity in genetically diverse mice and suggests that IleR, or pharmaceuticals that mimic this effect, may have potential as a geroprotective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michaela E Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Krittisak Chaiyakul
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Raghav Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yasmine H Alam
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mariah F Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Anneliese Bleicher
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Grace Novak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Teresa T Liu
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 93705, USA
| | - Sarah Newman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Will A Ricke
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 93705, USA
| | - Kristina A Matkowskyj
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Irene M Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Amino acids derived from protein digestion are important nutrients for the growth and maintenance of organisms. Approximately half of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids can be synthesized by mammalian organisms, while the other half are essential and must be acquired from the nutrition. Absorption of amino acids is mediated by a set of amino acid transporters together with transport of di- and tripeptides. They provide amino acids for systemic needs and for enterocyte metabolism. Absorption is largely complete at the end of the small intestine. The large intestine mediates the uptake of amino acids derived from bacterial metabolism and endogenous sources. Lack of amino acid transporters and peptide transporter delays the absorption of amino acids and changes sensing and usage of amino acids by the intestine. This can affect metabolic health through amino acid restriction, sensing of amino acids, and production of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bröer
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia;
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14
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Munoz MD, Zamudio A, McCann M, Gil V, Xu P, Liew CW. Activation of brown adipose tissue by a low-protein diet ameliorates hyperglycemia in a diabetic lipodystrophy mouse model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11808. [PMID: 37479751 PMCID: PMC10362023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term ad libitum dietary restrictions, such as low-protein diets (LPDs), improve metabolic health and extend the life span of mice and humans. However, most studies conducted thus far have focused on the preventive effects of LPDs on metabolic syndromes. To test the therapeutic potential of LPD, we treated a lipodystrophy mouse model IRFKO (adipose-specific insulin receptor knockout) in this study. We have previously shown that IRFKO mice have profound insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and whitening of interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT), closely mimicking the phenotypes in lipoatrophic diabetic patients. Here, we demonstrate that 14-day of LPD (5.1% kcal from protein) feeding is sufficient to reduce postprandial blood glucose, improve insulin resistance, and normalize glucose tolerance in the IRFKO mice. This profound metabolic improvement is associated with BAT activation and increase in whole body energy expenditure. To confirm, we showed that surgical denervation of BAT attenuated the beneficial metabolic effects of LPD feeding in IRFKO mice, including the 'browning' effects on BAT and the glucose-ameliorating results. However, BAT denervation failed to affect the body weight-lowering effects of LPD. Together, our results imply a therapeutic potential to use LPD for the treatment of lipoatrophic diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos David Munoz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Ave, RM 2099, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alexa Zamudio
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Ave, RM 2099, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Maximilian McCann
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Ave, RM 2099, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Victoria Gil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Ave, RM 2099, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Pingwen Xu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Ave, RM 2099, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Chong Wee Liew
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Ave, RM 2099, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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15
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Mihaylova MM, Chaix A, Delibegovic M, Ramsey JJ, Bass J, Melkani G, Singh R, Chen Z, Ja WW, Shirasu-Hiza M, Latimer MN, Mattison JA, Thalacker-Mercer AE, Dixit VD, Panda S, Lamming DW. When a calorie is not just a calorie: Diet quality and timing as mediators of metabolism and healthy aging. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1114-1131. [PMID: 37392742 PMCID: PMC10528391 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
An epidemic of obesity has affected large portions of the world, increasing the risk of developing many different age-associated diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. In contrast with the prevailing notion that "a calorie is just a calorie," there are clear differences, within and between individuals, in the metabolic response to different macronutrient sources. Recent findings challenge this oversimplification; calories from different macronutrient sources or consumed at different times of day have metabolic effects beyond their value as fuel. Here, we summarize discussions conducted at a recent NIH workshop that brought together experts in calorie restriction, macronutrient composition, and time-restricted feeding to discuss how dietary composition and feeding schedule impact whole-body metabolism, longevity, and healthspan. These discussions may provide insights into the long-sought molecular mechanisms engaged by calorie restriction to extend lifespan, lead to novel therapies, and potentially inform the development of a personalized food-as-medicine approach to healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Mihaylova
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mirela Delibegovic
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Health Campus, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jon J Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Bass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Girish Melkani
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William W Ja
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Michele Shirasu-Hiza
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary N Latimer
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Julie A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna E Thalacker-Mercer
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Satchidananda Panda
- Regulatory Biology Lab, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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16
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Flores V, Spicer AB, Sonsalla MM, Richardson NE, Yu D, Sheridan GE, Trautman ME, Babygirija R, Cheng EP, Rojas JM, Yang SE, Wakai MH, Hubbell R, Kasza I, Tomasiewicz JL, Green CL, Dantoin C, Alexander CM, Baur JA, Malecki KC, Lamming DW. Regulation of metabolic health by dietary histidine in mice. J Physiol 2023; 601:2139-2163. [PMID: 36086823 PMCID: PMC9995620 DOI: 10.1113/jp283261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-protein (LP) diets are associated with a decreased risk of diabetes in humans, and promote leanness and glycaemic control in both rodents and humans. While the effects of an LP diet on glycaemic control are mediated by reduced levels of the branched-chain amino acids, we have observed that reducing dietary levels of the other six essential amino acids leads to changes in body composition. Here, we find that dietary histidine plays a key role in the response to an LP diet in male C57BL/6J mice. Specifically reducing dietary levels of histidine by 67% reduces the weight gain of young, lean male mice, reducing both adipose and lean mass without altering glucose metabolism, and rapidly reverses diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese male mice, increasing insulin sensitivity. This normalization of metabolic health was associated not with caloric restriction or increased activity, but with increased energy expenditure. Surprisingly, the effects of histidine restriction do not require the energy balance hormone Fgf21. Histidine restriction that was started in midlife promoted leanness and glucose tolerance in aged males but not females, but did not affect frailty or lifespan in either sex. Finally, we demonstrate that variation in dietary histidine levels helps to explain body mass index differences in humans. Overall, our findings demonstrate that dietary histidine is a key regulator of weight and body composition in male mice and in humans, and suggest that reducing dietary histidine may be a translatable option for the treatment of obesity. KEY POINTS: Protein restriction (PR) promotes metabolic health in rodents and humans and extends rodent lifespan. Restriction of specific individual essential amino acids can recapitulate the benefits of PR. Reduced histidine promotes leanness and increased energy expenditure in male mice. Reduced histidine does not extend the lifespan of mice when begun in midlife. Dietary levels of histidine are positively associated with body mass index in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Flores
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Alexandra B. Spicer
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Michelle M. Sonsalla
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nicole E. Richardson
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Deyang Yu
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Grace E. Sheridan
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michaela E. Trautman
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Eunhae P. Cheng
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Rojas
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shany E. Yang
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Matthew H. Wakai
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ryan Hubbell
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ildiko Kasza
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | | | - Cara L. Green
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Claudia Dantoin
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Caroline M. Alexander
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Joseph A. Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristen C. Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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17
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Nehme J, Altulea A, Gheorghe T, Demaria M. The effects of macronutrients metabolism on cellular and organismal aging. Biomed J 2023; 46:100585. [PMID: 36801257 PMCID: PMC10209809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports the notion that metabolic pathways are major regulators of organismal aging, and that metabolic perturbations can extend health- and lifespan. For this reason, dietary interventions and compounds perturbing metabolism are currently explored as anti-aging strategies. A common target for metabolic interventions delaying aging is cellular senescence, a state of stable growth arrest that is accompanied by various structural and functional changes including the activation of a pro-inflammatory secretome. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular events associated with carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and define how macronutrients can regulate induction or prevention of cellular senescence. We discuss how various dietary interventions can achieve prevention of disease and extension of healthy longevity by partially modulating senescence-associated phenotypes. We also emphasize the importance of developing personalized nutritional interventions that take into account the current health and age status of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Nehme
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Abdullah Altulea
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Teodora Gheorghe
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands.
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18
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Klatt KC, Bass K, Speakman JR, Hall KD. Chowing down: diet considerations in rodent models of metabolic disease. LIFE METABOLISM 2023; 2:load013. [PMID: 37485302 PMCID: PMC10361708 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Diet plays a substantial role in the etiology, progression, and treatment of chronic disease and is best considered as a multifaceted set of modifiable input variables with pleiotropic effects on a variety of biological pathways spanning multiple organ systems. This brief review discusses key issues related to the design and conduct of diet interventions in rodent models of metabolic disease and their implications for interpreting experiments. We also make specific recommendations to improve rodent diet studies to help better understand the role of diet on metabolic physiology and thereby improve our understanding of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C. Klatt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kevin Bass
- Garrison Institute of Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - John R. Speakman
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kevin D. Hall
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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19
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Kinyi HW, Kato CD, Tusubira D, Kiwanuka GN. Comparison of the Nutritional Status of Swiss Albino Mice Fed on Either a Purified or Cereal-Based Diet for 15 weeks. Biochem Res Int 2023; 2023:9121174. [PMID: 37293435 PMCID: PMC10247330 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9121174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Laboratory animals are commonly fed on cereal-based diets (CBDs) whose nutrient composition is unknown and may confound the metabolic response to study interventions. Purified diets such as AIN-93M are therefore recommended, as their nutrient composition is known. However, few studies have evaluated their use as adequate control diets. The aim of this study was to compare the nutrition status of Swiss albino mice fed on either CBD or AIN-93M for 15 weeks. Methods Twenty Swiss albino mice aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 21.7 g ± 0.6 were fed on either CBD or AIN-93M diet for 15 weeks. Their nutritional status was evaluated using anthropometric and hematological indices, serum glucose, total protein, albumin, and total cholesterol to select an appropriate normal control diet. Results The CBD had low-calorie content (2.57 kcal/g) and protein (11 ± 3.8 g/100 g) compared to AIN-93M (3.8 kcal/g and 14 g/100 g, respectively). The BMI of male mice fed on CBD and AIN-93M diets was significantly higher (P=0.0139 and P=0.0325, respectively) compared to that of females fed on similar diets. Animals in the CBD group had lower hemoglobin (15.1-16.9 g/dl) compared to those in the AIN-93M group (18.1-20.8 g/dl). Serum albumin levels were higher in both male (P=0.001) and female (P=3 × 10-6) mice fed on AIN-93M compared to those fed on CBD. Females in the AIN-93M group had higher cholesterol (P=0.026) than those in the CBD group. Conclusion The AIN-93 diet of caloric value 3.85 kcal/g (total protein 14 g, total fat 4 g of soy bean oil, fibre 5 g, and total carbohydrate 42 g per 100 g) can be safely used as a normal control diet in long-term research studies using Swiss albino mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen W. Kinyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kabale University, P.O. Box 317, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Charles Drago Kato
- School of Biosecurity, Biotechnical and Laboratory Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resource and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Deusdedit Tusubira
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Gertrude N. Kiwanuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
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20
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Wang L, Wang F, Xiong L, Song H, Ren B, Shen X. A nexus of dietary restriction and gut microbiota: Recent insights into metabolic health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37154021 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2202750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, dietary restriction (DR) has received considerable attention for its promising effects on metabolism and longevity. Previous studies on DR have mainly focused on the health benefits produced by different restriction patterns, whereas comprehensive reviews of the role of gut microbiota during DR are limited. In this review, we discuss the effects of caloric restriction, fasting, protein restriction, and amino acid restriction from a microbiome perspective. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms by which DR affects metabolic health by regulating intestinal homeostasis are summarized. Specifically, we reviewed the impacts of different DRs on specific gut microbiota. Additionally, we put forward the limitations of the current research and suggest the development of personalized microbes-directed DR for different populations and corresponding next-generation sequencing technologies for accurate microbiological analysis. DR effectively modulates the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. In particular, DR markedly affects the rhythmic oscillation of microbes which may be related to the circadian clock system. Moreover, increasing evidence supports that DR profoundly improves metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and cognitive impairment. To summarize, DR may be an effective and executable dietary manipulation strategy for maintaining metabolic health, however, further investigation is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Ren
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
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21
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Sonsalla MM, Lamming DW. Geroprotective interventions in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00782-w. [PMID: 37022634 PMCID: PMC10400530 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disease. As the population ages, the increasing prevalence of AD threatens massive healthcare costs in the coming decades. Unfortunately, traditional drug development efforts for AD have proven largely unsuccessful. A geroscience approach to AD suggests that since aging is the main driver of AD, targeting aging itself may be an effective way to prevent or treat AD. Here, we discuss the effectiveness of geroprotective interventions on AD pathology and cognition in the widely utilized triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) which develops both β-amyloid and tau pathologies characteristic of human AD, as well as cognitive deficits. We discuss the beneficial impacts of calorie restriction (CR), the gold standard for geroprotective interventions, and the effects of other dietary interventions including protein restriction. We also discuss the promising preclinical results of geroprotective pharmaceuticals, including rapamycin and medications for type 2 diabetes. Though these interventions and treatments have beneficial effects in the 3xTg-AD model, there is no guarantee that they will be as effective in humans, and we discuss the need to examine these interventions in additional animal models as well as the urgent need to test if some of these approaches can be translated from the lab to the bedside for the treatment of humans with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2500 Overlook Terrace, VAH C3127 Research 151, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2500 Overlook Terrace, VAH C3127 Research 151, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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22
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Munoz M, Zamudio A, McCann M, Gil V, Xu P, Liew CW. Activation of brown adipose tissue by a low-protein diet ameliorates hyperglycemia in a diabetic lipodystrophy mouse model. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2701883. [PMID: 37034803 PMCID: PMC10081364 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2701883/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Long-term ad libitum dietary restrictions, such as low-protein diets (LPDs), improve metabolic health and extend the life span of mice and humans. However, most studies conducted thus far have focused on the preventive effects of LPDs on metabolic syndromes. To test the therapeutic potential of LPD, we treated a lipodystrophy mouse model IR FKO (adipose-specific insulin receptor knockout) in this study. We have previously shown that IR FKO mice have profound insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and whitenng of interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT), closely mimicking the phenotypes in lipoatrophic diabetic patients. Here, we demonstrate that 14-day of LPD (5.1% kcal from protein) feeding is sufficient to reduce postprandial blood glucose, improve insulin resistance, and normalize glucose tolerance in the IR FKO mice. This profound metabolic improvement is associated with BAT activation and increase in whole body energy expenditure. To confirm, we showed that surgical denervation of BAT attenuated the beneficial metabolic effects of LPD feeding in IR FKO mice, including the 'browning' effects on BAT and the glucose-ameliorating results. However, BAT denervation failed to affect the body weight-lowering effects of LPD. Together, our results imply a therapeutic potential to use LPD for the treatment of lipoatrophic diabetes.
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23
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Nehme J, Yang D, Altulea A, Varela-Eirin M, Wang L, Hu S, Wu Y, Togo J, Niu C, Speakman JR, Demaria M. High dietary protein and fat contents exacerbate hepatic senescence and SASP in mice. FEBS J 2023; 290:1340-1347. [PMID: 34908245 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary choices have a profound impact on the aging process. In addition to the total amount of energy intake, macronutrient composition influences both health and lifespan. However, the exact mechanisms by which dietary macronutrients influence onset and progression of age-associated features remain poorly understood. Cellular senescence is a state of stable growth arrest characterized by the secretion of numerous bioactive molecules with pro-inflammatory properties. Accumulation of senescent cells is considered one of the basic mechanisms of aging and an important contributor to chronic inflammation and tissue degeneration. Whether dietary macronutrients affect the accumulation and the phenotype of senescent cells with age is still unknown. Here, we show that feeding on diets with varying ratios of dietary macronutrients for 3 months has a significant effect on different senescence-associated markers in the mouse liver. High protein intake is associated with higher expression levels of the two classical senescence-associated growth arrest genes, p21 and p16. Furthermore, the expression of many pro-inflammatory secretory markers was increased in diets enriched in protein and further enhanced by increases in fat content. These results provide preliminary evidence that dietary macronutrients have a significant influence on senescence markers and merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Nehme
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), The Netherlands.,Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dengbao Yang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Abdullah Altulea
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), The Netherlands
| | - Marta Varela-Eirin
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), The Netherlands
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, China
| | - Sumei Hu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Yingga Wu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Jacques Togo
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Chaoqun Niu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - John R Speakman
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, China.,Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), The Netherlands
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24
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Melatonin alleviates alcoholic liver disease via EGFR-BRG1-TERT axis regulation. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:100-112. [PMID: 36815038 PMCID: PMC9939303 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption causes liver steatosis, cell death, and inflammation. Melatonin (MLT) is reported to alleviate alcoholic liver disease (ALD)-induced injury. However, its direct regulating targets in hepatocytes are not fully understood. In the current study, a cell-based screening model and a chronic ethanol-fed mice ALD model were used to test the protective mechanisms of MLT. MLT ameliorated ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury in both cell and animal models (optimal doses of 10 μmol/L and 5 mg/kg, respectively), including lowered liver steatosis, cell death, and inflammation. RNA-seq analysis and loss-of-function studies in AML-12 cells revealed that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) was a key downstream effector of MLT. Biophysical assay found that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the hepatocyte surface was a direct binding and regulating target of MLT. Liver specific knock-down of Tert or Egfr in the ALD mice model impaired MLT-mediated liver protection, partly through the regulation of nuclear brahma-related gene-1 (BRG1). Long-term administration (90 days) of MLT in healthy mice did not cause evident adverse effect. In conclusion, MLT is an efficacious and safe agent for ALD alleviation. Its direct regulating target in hepatocytes is EGFR and downstream BRG1-TERT axis. MLT might be used as a complimentary agent for alcoholics.
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R J M, A V, Chakraborthy A, B MK, Shetty A V, Badanthadka M. Protein malnutrition in BALB/C mice: A model mimicking clinical scenario of marasmic-kwashiorkor malnutrition. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 119:107231. [PMID: 36410663 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein malnutrition continues to be a major global issue. A stable animal model to address protein malnutrition and its effect on various disease conditions is necessary. In the present study, we have formulated and standardized a low protein diet (LPD) to develop a protein malnutrition model using Balb/C mice. Healthy male Balb/C mice were weaned and exposed to LPD combinations while another group exposed to normal diet (18% protein). Animal survival, change in body weight, body mass index (BMI), biochemical parameters, antioxidant status, and liver histopathology were used to confirm the development of malnourished mice model (marasmic-kwashiorkor). Mice receiving 10% protein diet showed moderate weight gain, higher BMI, and no mortality compared to the 6% protein group. The former group showed remarkable differences in BMI, biochemical and antioxidant parameters. Further, histopathological changes against the normal group at weeks 20 and 30 confirmed the development of protein malnutrition in mice on 10% protein diet. The study confirms the development of a stable, economical, reproducible, and clinically relevant protein malnutrition model using the formulated 10% protein diet. Further, the model can be used for short and long-term studies to investigate the pathophysiology of malnutrition in any disease/condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura R J
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Department of Nitte University Centre for Animal Research and Experimentation (NUCARE), Paneer campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575 018, Karnataka, India
| | - Varsha A
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Department of Nitte University Centre for Animal Research and Experimentation (NUCARE), Paneer campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575 018, Karnataka, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborthy
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Kotekar-Beeri Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Mohana Kumar B
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Deralakatte, 575018 Mangaluru, India
| | - Veena Shetty A
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Department of Microbiology, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Murali Badanthadka
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Department of Nitte University Centre for Animal Research and Experimentation (NUCARE), Paneer campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575 018, Karnataka, India.
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26
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Cootes TA, Bhattacharyya ND, Huang SS, Daniel L, Bell-Anderson KS, Stifter SA, Chew T, Solon-Biet SM, Saraiva LR, Cai Y, Chen X, Simpson SJ, Feng CG. The quality of energy- and macronutrient-balanced diets regulates host susceptibility to influenza in mice. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Yu S, Jiang J, Li Q, Liu X, Wang Z, Yang L, Ding L. Schisantherin A alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by restoring intestinal barrier function. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:855008. [PMID: 36132991 PMCID: PMC9483129 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.855008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is intricately linked to dysregulation of the gut–liver axis, and correlated with intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption. Objectives To investigate the protective effects and possible molecular mechanism of Schisantherin A (Sin A) in a high-fat diet (HFD) induced NAFLD mouse model. Methods HFD-fed NAFLD mice were treated with the vehicle and 80 mg/kg Sin A every day for 6 weeks. The gut permeability of the NAFLD mice was assessed by intestinal permeability assays in vivo and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements in vitro were also used to evaluate the function of the gut barrier. TLR4 inhibitor was then used to investigate the impact of Sin A in the LPS- TLR4 signaling pathway. Alternatively, the composition of the microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA amplification. Finally, the experiment of antibiotic treatment was performed to elucidate the roles of the gut microbiome mediating Sin A induced metabolic benefits in the NAFLD mice. Results We found that Sin A potently ameliorated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, alleviated gut inflammation, and restored intestinal barrier function. We also observed that Sin A improved gut permeability and reduced the release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into circulation and further found that Sin A can suppress LPS-TLR4 signaling to protect against HFD-induced NAFLD. Sin A treatment altered the composition of the microbiome in NAFLD mice compared to vehicle controls. Conclusions Sin A is an effective and safe hepatoprotective agent against HFD-induced NAFLD by partly ameliorating gut inflammation, restoring intestinal barrier function, and regulating intestinal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarui Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Research and Development Department, Xuzhou Wanwusheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Ding, ; Li Yang,
| | - Lili Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Ding, ; Li Yang,
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28
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Multiomics assessment of dietary protein titration reveals altered hepatic glucose utilization. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111187. [PMID: 35977507 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein restriction (PR) has rapid effects on metabolism including improved glucose and lipid homeostasis, via multiple mechanisms. Here, we investigate responses of fecal microbiome, hepatic transcriptome, and hepatic metabolome to six diets with protein from 18% to 0% of energy in mice. PR alters fecal microbial composition, but metabolic effects are not transferable via fecal transplantation. Hepatic transcriptome and metabolome are significantly altered in diets with lower than 10% energy from protein. Changes upon PR correlate with calorie restriction but with a larger magnitude and specific changes in amino acid (AA) metabolism. PR increases steady-state aspartate, serine, and glutamate and decreases glucose and gluconeogenic intermediates. 13C6 glucose and glycerol tracing reveal increased fractional enrichment in aspartate, serine, and glutamate. Changes remain intact in hepatic ATF4 knockout mice. Together, this demonstrates an ATF4-independent shift in gluconeogenic substrate utilization toward specific AAs, with compensation from glycerol to promote a protein-sparing response.
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29
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Mafra D, Ugochukwu SA, Borges NA, Cardozo LFMF, Stenvinkel P, Shiels PG. Food for healthier aging: power on your plate. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:603-616. [PMID: 35959705 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inflammageing is a persistent low-level inflammatory burden that accompanies age-related dysregulation of the immune system during normative aging and within the diseasome of aging. A healthy diet containing a balanced amount of macronutrients, vitamins and minerals, adequate in calories and rich in poly(phenols), has an essential role in mitigating the effects of inflammageing and extending healthspan through modulation of the activity of a range of factors. These include transcription factors, such as nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB), the inflammasome and the activities of the gut microbiota. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the potential of food to ameliorate the effects of the diseasome of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Mafra
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia A Borges
- Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Ludmila F M F Cardozo
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul G Shiels
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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30
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Anderson EM, Rozowsky JM, Fazzone BJ, Schmidt EA, Stevens BR, O’Malley KA, Scali ST, Berceli SA. Temporal Dynamics of the Intestinal Microbiome Following Short-Term Dietary Restriction. Nutrients 2022; 14:2785. [PMID: 35889742 PMCID: PMC9318361 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term dietary restriction has been proposed as an intriguing pre-operative conditioning strategy designed to attenuate the surgical stress response and improve outcomes. However, it is unclear how this nutritional intervention influences the microbiome, which is known to modulate the systemic condition. Healthy individuals were recruited to participate in a four-day, 70% protein-restricted, 30% calorie-restricted diet, and stool samples were collected at baseline, after the restricted diet, and after resuming normal food intake. Taxonomy and functional pathway analysis was performed via shotgun metagenomic sequencing, prevalence filtering, and differential abundance analysis. High prevalence species were altered by the dietary intervention but quickly returned to baseline after restarting a regular diet. Composition and functional changes after the restricted diet included the decreased relative abundance of commensal bacteria and a catabolic phenotype. Notable species changes included Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis, which are major butyrate producers within the colon and are characteristically decreased in many disease states. The macronutrient components of the diet might have influenced these changes. We conclude that short-term dietary restriction modulates the ecology of the gut microbiome, with this modulation being characterized by a relative dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M. Anderson
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jared M. Rozowsky
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian J. Fazzone
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Emilie A. Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bruce R. Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Kerri A. O’Malley
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Salvatore T. Scali
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Scott A. Berceli
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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31
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Nutritional components as mitigators of cellular senescence in organismal aging: a comprehensive review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1089-1109. [PMID: 35756719 PMCID: PMC9206104 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of cellular senescence is rapidly emerging as a modulator of organismal aging and disease. Targeting the development and removal of senescent cells is considered a viable approach to achieving improved organismal healthspan and lifespan. Nutrition and health are intimately linked and an appropriate dietary regimen can greatly impact organismal response to stress and diseases including during aging. With a renewed focus on cellular senescence, emerging studies demonstrate that both primary and secondary nutritional elements such as carbohydrates, proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and probiotics can influence multiple aspects of cellular senescence. The present review describes the recent molecular aspects of cellular senescence-mediated understanding of aging and then studies available evidence of the cellular senescence modulatory attributes of major and minor dietary elements. Underlying pathways and future research directions are deliberated to promote a nutrition-centric approach for targeting cellular senescence and thus improving human health and longevity.
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32
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Chiacchierini G, Naneix F, Apergis-Schoute J, McCutcheon JE. Restriction of dietary protein in rats increases progressive-ratio motivation for protein. Physiol Behav 2022; 254:113877. [PMID: 35700813 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Low-protein diets can impact food intake and appetite, but it is not known if motivation for food is changed. In the present study, we used an operant behavioral task - the progressive ratio test - to assess whether motivation for different foods was affected when rats were maintained on a protein-restricted diet (REST, 5% protein diet) compared to non-restricted control rats (CON, 18% protein). Rats were tested either with nutritionally-balanced pellets (18.7% protein, Experiment 1) or protein-rich pellets (35% protein, Experiment 2) as reinforcers. Protein restriction increased breakpoint for protein-rich pellets, relative to CON rats, whereas no difference in breakpoint for nutritionally-balanced pellets was observed between groups. When given free access to either nutritionally-balanced pellets or protein-rich pellets, REST and CON rats did not differ in their intake. We also tested whether a previous history of protein restriction might affect present motivation for different types of food by assessing breakpoint of previously REST animals that were subsequently put on standard maintenance chow (protein-repleted rats, REPL, Experiment 2). REPL rats did not show increased breakpoint, relative to their initial encounter with protein-rich pellets while they were protein-restricted. This study demonstrates that restriction of dietary protein induces a selective increased motivation for protein-rich food, a behavior that disappears once rats are not in need of protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Chiacchierini
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom; Present address: Genetics of Cognition laboratory, Neuroscience area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
| | - Fabien Naneix
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - John Apergis-Schoute
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom; Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - James E McCutcheon
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom; Dept. of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Huginbakken 32, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
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33
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Trautman ME, Richardson NE, Lamming DW. Protein restriction and branched-chain amino acid restriction promote geroprotective shifts in metabolism. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13626. [PMID: 35526271 PMCID: PMC9197406 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportion of humans suffering from age‐related diseases is increasing around the world, and creative solutions are needed to promote healthy longevity. Recent work has clearly shown that a calorie is not just a calorie—and that low protein diets are associated with reduced mortality in humans and promote metabolic health and extended lifespan in rodents. Many of the benefits of protein restriction on metabolism and aging are the result of decreased consumption of the three branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Here, we discuss the emerging evidence that BCAAs are critical modulators of healthy metabolism and longevity in rodents and humans, as well as the physiological and molecular mechanisms that may drive the benefits of BCAA restriction. Our results illustrate that protein quality—the specific composition of dietary protein—may be a previously unappreciated driver of metabolic dysfunction and that reducing dietary BCAAs may be a promising new approach to delay and prevent diseases of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E. Trautman
- Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Madison Wisconsin USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Nicole E. Richardson
- Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Madison Wisconsin USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Madison Wisconsin USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
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34
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Kalafut KC, Mitchell SJ, MacArthur MR, Mitchell JR. Short-Term Ketogenic Diet Induces a Molecular Response That Is Distinct From Dietary Protein Restriction. Front Nutr 2022; 9:839341. [PMID: 35433789 PMCID: PMC9005751 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.839341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in utilizing short-term dietary interventions in the contexts of cancer, surgical stress and metabolic disease. These short-term diets may be more feasible than extended interventions and may be designed to complement existing therapies. In particular, the high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD), traditionally used to treat epilepsy, has gained popularity as a potential strategy for weight loss and improved metabolic health. In mice, long-term KD improves insulin sensitivity and may extend lifespan and healthspan. Dietary protein restriction (PR) causes increased energy expenditure, weight loss and improved glucose homeostasis. Since KD is inherently a low-protein diet (10% of calories from protein vs. >18% in control diet), here we evaluated the potential for mechanistic overlap between PR and KD via activation of a PR response. Mice were fed control, protein-free (PF), or one of four ketogenic diets with varying protein content for 8 days. PF and KD both decreased body weight, fat mass, and liver weights, and reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, compared to mice fed the control diet. However, PF-fed animals had significantly improved insulin tolerance compared to KD. Furthermore, contrary to the PF-fed mice, mice fed ketogenic diets containing more than 5% of energy from protein did not increase hepatic Fgf21 or brown adipose Ucp1 expression. Interestingly, mice fed KD lacking protein demonstrated greater elevations in hepatic Fgf21 than mice fed a low-fat PF diet. To further elucidate potential mechanistic differences between PF and KD and the interplay between dietary protein and carbohydrate restriction, we conducted RNA-seq analysis on livers from mice fed each of the six diets and identified distinct gene sets which respond to dietary protein content, dietary fat content, and ketogenesis. We conclude that KD with 10% of energy from protein does not induce a protein restriction response, and that the overlapping metabolic benefits of KD and PF diets may occur via distinct underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystle C. Kalafut
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael R. MacArthur
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - James R. Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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35
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Can dietary patterns prevent cognitive impairment and reduce Alzheimer's disease risk: exploring the underlying mechanisms of effects. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104556. [PMID: 35122783 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the fastest growing cognitive decline-related neurological diseases. To date, effective curative strategies have remained elusive. A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary patterns have significant effects on cognitive function and the risk of developing AD. Previous studies on the association between diet and AD risk have mainly focused on individual food components and specific nutrients, and the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of dietary patterns on AD are not well understood. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurological delay (MIND), ketogenic diet, caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, methionine restriction, and low-protein and high-carbohydrate diet, on cognitive impairment and summarizes the underlying mechanisms by which dietary patterns attenuate cognitive impairment, especially highlighting the modulation of dietary patterns on cognitive impairment through gut microbiota. Furthermore, considering the variability in individual metabolic responses to dietary intake, we put forward a framework to develop personalized dietary patterns for people with cognitive disorders or AD based on individual gut microbiome compositions.
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36
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Green CL, Pak HH, Richardson NE, Flores V, Yu D, Tomasiewicz JL, Dumas SN, Kredell K, Fan JW, Kirsh C, Chaiyakul K, Murphy ME, Babygirija R, Barrett-Wilt GA, Rabinowitz J, Ong IM, Jang C, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Sex and genetic background define the metabolic, physiologic, and molecular response to protein restriction. Cell Metab 2022; 34:209-226.e5. [PMID: 35108511 PMCID: PMC8865085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Low-protein diets promote metabolic health in humans and rodents. Despite evidence that sex and genetic background are key factors in the response to diet, most protein intake studies examine only a single strain and sex of mice. Using multiple strains and both sexes of mice, we find that improvements in metabolic health in response to reduced dietary protein strongly depend on sex and strain. While some phenotypes were conserved across strains and sexes, including increased glucose tolerance and energy expenditure, we observed high variability in adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and circulating hormones. Using a multi-omics approach, we identified mega-clusters of differentially expressed hepatic genes, metabolites, and lipids associated with each phenotype, providing molecular insight into the differential response to protein restriction. Our results highlight the importance of sex and genetic background in the response to dietary protein level, and the potential importance of a personalized medicine approach to dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nicole E Richardson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Victoria Flores
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Deyang Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jay L Tomasiewicz
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sabrina N Dumas
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Katherine Kredell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jesse W Fan
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Charlie Kirsh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Krittisak Chaiyakul
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michaela E Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Joshua Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Irene M Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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37
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Shon J, Han Y, Park YJ. Effects of Dietary Fat to Carbohydrate Ratio on Obesity Risk Depending on Genotypes of Circadian Genes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030478. [PMID: 35276838 PMCID: PMC8838281 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the impacts of macronutrients and the circadian clock on obesity have been reported, the interactions between macronutrient distribution and circadian genes are unclear. The aim of this study was to explore macronutrient intake patterns in the Korean population and associations between the patterns and circadian gene variants and obesity. After applying the criteria, 5343 subjects (51.6% male, mean age 49.4 ± 7.3 years) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study data and nine variants in seven circadian genes were analyzed. We defined macronutrient intake patterns by tertiles of the fat to carbohydrate ratio (FC). The very low FC (VLFC) was associated with a higher risk of obesity than the optimal FC (OFC). After stratification by the genotypes of nine variants, the obesity risk according to the patterns differed by the variants. In the female VLFC, the major homozygous allele of CLOCK rs11932595 and CRY1 rs3741892 had a higher abdominal obesity risk than those in the OFC. The GG genotype of PER2 rs2304672 in the VLFC showed greater risks for obesity and abdominal obesity. In conclusion, these findings suggest that macronutrient intake patterns were associated with obesity susceptibility, and the associations were different depending on the circadian clock genotypes of the CLOCK, PER2, and CRY1 loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Shon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yerim Han
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.S.); (Y.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.S.); (Y.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3277-6533
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38
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Shu R, Uy L, Wong ACN. Nutritional phenotype underlines the performance trade-offs of Drosophila suzukii on different fruit diets. CURRENT RESEARCH IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:100026. [PMID: 36003272 PMCID: PMC9387456 DOI: 10.1016/j.cris.2021.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii exhibits contrasting performance trade-offs when confined to fruit diets of different protein-to-sugar ratios. These trade-offs can only be established when we examined performance parameters in both larvae and adults. The diet-specific nutritional phenotype readily explains the performance trade-offs.
Animals confined to different dietary conditions often exhibit distinct, sometimes contrasting, nutritional phenotypes and performance outcomes. This is especially true for many oviparous insects whose developmental diets can vary depending on the mother's egg-laying site selection. Much research on the relationship between preference and performance in insects has focused on larval success, which overlooks the complexities of dietary effects on diverse performance parameters across life stages and potential trade-offs between those parameters. Furthermore, the connection between diet-induced nutritional phenotype and performance trade-offs is not well understood. Here, using Drosophila suzukii, we quantify multiple performance indices of larvae and adults reared on five host fruits of different protein-to-sugar ratios (P:S) which have previously been shown to differ in attractiveness to fly foraging and oviposition. Our results demonstrate robust diet-specific performance trade-offs, with fly fecundity, larval development time, pupal size, and adult weight superior in flies reared on the high P:S raspberry diet, in contrast to the low P:S grape diet; but the reverse was found in terms of adult starvation resistance. Notably, the contrasting performance trade-offs are readily explained by the fly nutritional phenotype, reflected in the protein and energy (glucose and lipid) contents of flies reared on the two fruits. Together, our results provide experimental evidence for metabolic plasticity of D. suzukii reared on different fruits and the possibility of using adult nutritional phenotype as a marker for diet and performance outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhang Shu
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Laurice Uy
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam Chun-Nin Wong
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Corresponding author, Adam C.N. Wong, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, Fl 32611-0620, Phone: 352-273-3977
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39
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Wang D, Ye J, Shi R, Zhao B, Liu Z, Lin W, Liu X. Dietary protein and amino acid restriction: Roles in metabolic health and aging-related diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:226-242. [PMID: 34890767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is a worldwide phenomenon in all age groups and is associated with aging-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, as well metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The use of dietary restriction (DR) while avoiding malnutrition has many profound beneficial effects on aging and metabolic health, and dietary protein or specific amino acid (AA) restrictions, rather than overall calorie intake, are considered to play key roles in the effects of DR on host health. Whereas comprehensive reviews of the underlying mechanisms are limited, protein restriction and methionine (Met) restriction improve metabolic health and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, and may be associated with FGF21, mTOR and autophagy, improved mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are inversely correlated with metabolic health, and BCAAs and leucine (Leu) restriction promote metabolic homeostasis in rodents. Although tryptophan (Trp) restriction extends the lifespan of rodents, the Trp-restricted diet is reported to increase inflammation in aged mice, while severe Trp restriction has side effects such as anorexia. Furthermore, inadequate protein intake in the elderly increases the risk of muscle-centric health. Therefore, the restriction of specific AAs may be an effective and executable dietary manipulation for metabolic and aging-related health in humans, which warrants further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jin Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Renjie Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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40
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Strilbytska OM, Stefanyshyn NP, Semaniuk UV, Lushchak OV. Yeast concentration in the diet defines Drosophila metabolism of both parental and offspring generations. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj93.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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41
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Sharma R. Bioactive food components for managing cellular senescence in aging and disease: A critical appraisal and perspectives. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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42
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Gehring J, Azzout-Marniche D, Chaumontet C, Piedcoq J, Gaudichon C, Even PC. Protein-carbohydrate interaction effects on energy balance, FGF21, IGF-1, and hypothalamic gene expression in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E621-E635. [PMID: 34569272 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00246.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids are involved in energy homeostasis, just as are carbohydrates and lipids. Therefore, mechanisms controlling protein intake should operate independently and in combination with systems controlling overall energy intake to coordinate appropriate metabolic and behavioral responses. The objective of this study was to quantify the respective roles of dietary protein and carbohydrate levels on energy balance, plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations, and hypothalamic neurotransmitters (POMC, NPY, AgRP, and CART). In a simplified geometric framework, 7-wk-old male Wistar rats were fed 12 diets containing 3%-30% protein for 3 wk, in which carbohydrates accounted for 30%-75% of the carbohydrate and fat part of the diet. As a result of this study, most of the studied parameters (body composition, energy expenditure, plasma FGF21 and IGF-1 concentrations, and Pomc/Agrp ratio) responded mainly to the protein content and to a lesser extent to the carbohydrate content in the diet.NEW & NOTEWORTHY As mechanisms controlling protein intake can operate independently and in combination with those controlling energy intakes, we investigated the metabolic and behavioral effects of the protein-carbohydrate interaction. With a simplified geometric framework, we showed that body composition, energy balance, plasma FGF21 and IGF-1 concentrations, and hypothalamic Pomc/Agrp ratio were primarily responsive to protein content and, to a lesser extent, to carbohydrate content of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Gehring
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Julien Piedcoq
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Claire Gaudichon
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Patrick C Even
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
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43
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Framnes-DeBoer SN, Jones AA, Kang MY, Propsom K, Nelson LR, Arble DM. The timing of intermittent hypoxia differentially affects macronutrient intake and energy substrate utilization in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E543-E550. [PMID: 34459217 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00183.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder characterized by periodic breathing cessation and intermittent hypoxia (IH). Although previous studies have demonstrated that IH alone can influence metabolic outcomes such as body weight, it remains unclear how the timing of IH can specifically affect these outcomes. Here, we examine how pairing 10-h periods of IH to either the animals' resting phase (e.g., IH during the day) or active phase (e.g., IH during the night) differentially affects body weight, macronutrient selection, energy expenditure, respiratory exchange rate, and glucose tolerance. We find that in contrast to mice exposed to IH during the night, mice exposed to IH during the day preferentially decrease their carbohydrate intake and switch to fat metabolism. Moreover, when the IH stimulus was removed, mice that had been exposed to day IH continued to eat a minimal amount of carbohydrates and consumed a higher percentage of kilocalorie from fat for at least 5 days. These data demonstrate that food choice and substrate utilization are secondary to the timing of IH but not IH itself. Taken together, these data have key clinical implications for individuals with sleep apnea and particularly those who are also experiencing circadian disruption such as night-shift workers.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pairing repeated hypoxic episodes to a mouse's resting phase during the day preferentially decreases carbohydrate intake and results in a switch to metabolic fat oxidation. These data indicate that the timing of intermittent hypoxia should be considered when calculating sleep apnea's effects on metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron A Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michelle Y Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kat Propsom
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Lauren R Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Deanna M Arble
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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44
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Total protein, not amino acid composition, differs in plant-based versus omnivorous dietary patterns and determines metabolic health effects in mice. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1808-1819.e2. [PMID: 34270927 PMCID: PMC8478138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based dietary patterns are associated with improved cardiometabolic health, but causal dietary components are unclear. Protein has been proposed to play a role, but the importance of protein quantity versus quality remains unknown. We investigated the contributions of total protein amount, amino acid (AA) composition, and plant versus animal source. Analysis of total protein and AA composition of food items and dietary patterns revealed differences between individual food items, but few differences between AA profiles of vegan versus omnivorous dietary patterns. Effects of protein quantity, but not quality, on cardiometabolic health markers were observed in mice using semi-purified diets with crystalline AAs in plant versus animal-based ratios and naturally sourced diets with whole-food ingredients. Our data show relatively little difference in protein quality between plant-based and omnivorous dietary patterns and that reduced total protein intake in plant-based dietary patterns may be a contributor to the benefits of plant-based diets.
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45
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Fang H, Ghosh S, Sims LC, Stone KP, Hill CM, Spires D, Ilatovskaya DV, Morrison CD, Gettys TW, Stadler K. FGF21 prevents low-protein diet-induced renal inflammation in aged mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F356-F368. [PMID: 34151592 PMCID: PMC8530754 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00107.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-protein (LP) diets extend lifespan through a comprehensive improvement in metabolic health across multiple tissues and organs. Many of these metabolic responses to protein restriction are secondary to transcriptional activation and release of FGF21 from the liver. However, the effects of an LP diet on the kidney in the context of aging has not been examined. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to investigate the impact of chronic consumption of an LP diet on the kidney in aging mice lacking FGF21. Wild-type (WT; C57BL/6J) and FGF21 knockout (KO) mice were fed a normal protein diet (20% casein) or an LP (5% casein) diet ad libitum from 3 to 22 mo of age. The LP diet led to a decrease in kidney weight and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in both WT and FGF21 KO mice. Although the LP diet produced only mild fibrosis and infiltration of leukocytes in WT kidneys, the effects were significantly exacerbated by the absence of FGF21. Accordingly, transcriptomic analysis showed that inflammation-related pathways were significantly enriched and upregulated in response to LP diet in FGF21 KO mice but not WT mice. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the LP diet negatively affected the kidney during aging, but in the absence of FGF21, the LP diet-induced renal damage and inflammation were significantly worse, indicating a protective role of FGF21 in the kidney.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Long-term protein restriction is not advantageous for an otherwise healthy, aging kidney, as it facilitates the development of renal tubular injury and inflammatory cell infiltration. We provide evidence using FGF21 knockout animals that FGF21 is essential to counteract the renal injury and inflammation during aging on a low-protein diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Fang
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Landon C Sims
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Cristal M Hill
- Laboratory of Neurosignaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Denisha Spires
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Christopher D Morrison
- Laboratory of Neurosignaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Krisztian Stadler
- Oxidative Stress and Disease Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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46
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Zhang L, Li F, Guo Q, Duan Y, Wang W, Yang Y, Yin Y, Gong S, Han M, Yin Y. Different Proportions of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Modulate Lipid Metabolism in a Finishing Pig Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7037-7048. [PMID: 34110799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the supplementation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) at different ratios in protein restriction diets on lipid metabolism in a finishing pig model. The BCAA supplementation (leucine/isoleucine/valine = 2:1:1 and 2:1:2) ameliorated the poor growth performance and carcass characteristics, particularly high fat mass caused by a protein-restricted diet. Serum adiponectin increased while leptin decreased in BCAA diets in comparison to the 12% CP group. BCAA supplementation also increased the low-protein expression of AMPK and SIRT1 caused by protein restriction. The mRNA and protein levels of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were highest in the protein-restricted group and lowered in the 2:1:1 or 2:1:2 group. In conclusion, BCAAs supplemented in an adequate ratio range of 2:1:1 to 2:1:2 (2:1:2 is recommended) in reduced protein diets could modulate lipid metabolism by accelerating the secretion of adipokines and fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410018, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yunju Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Saiming Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
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Haghighat N, Ashtary-Larky D, Bagheri R, Wong A, Cheraghloo N, Moradpour G, Nordvall M, Asbaghi O, Moeinvaziri N, Amini M, Sohrabi Z, Dutheil F. Effects of 6 Months of Soy-Enriched High Protein Compared to Eucaloric Low Protein Snack Replacement on Appetite, Dietary Intake, and Body Composition in Normal-Weight Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072266. [PMID: 34208986 PMCID: PMC8308358 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The favorable effects of high protein snacks on body composition and appetite status in lean and athletic populations have been illustrated previously. However, the effects of soy-enriched high protein snacks have not been investigated in women with normal-weight obesity (NWO). Consequently, we aimed at comparing the effects of six months of soy-enriched high protein snack replacement on appetite, body composition, and dietary intake in women with NWO. (2) Methods: One hundred seven (107) women with NWO [(age: 24 ± 3 yrs, BMI: 22.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2, body fat percentage (BFP): 38 ± 3.2%)] who were assigned to one of two groups; high protein snack (HP, n = 52) containing 50 g soybean or isocaloric low-protein snack (protein: 18.2 g, carbohydrate: 15 g, fat: 10 g, energy: 210 kcal) or isocaloric low protein snack (LP, n = 55) containing 3.5 servings of fruit (protein: <2 g, carbohydrate: ≈50 g, fat: <1 g, energy: ≈210 kcal) as part of their daily meals (as a snack at 10 a.m.), successfully completed the study interventions. Body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), BFP, skeletal muscle mass, dietary intake, and appetite levels were evaluated prior to and after the six-month intervention. (3) Results: Appetite (HP = -12 mm and LP = -0.6 mm), energy intake (HP = -166.2 kcal/day and LP = 91.3 kcal), carbohydrate intake (HP = -58.4 g/day and LP = 6.4 g/day), WC (HP = -4.3 cm and LP = -0.9 cm), and BFP (HP = -3.7% and LP = -0.9%) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced, while skeletal muscle mass (HP = 1.2 kg and LP = 0.3 kg) significantly increased in the HP compared to the LP group, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Six months of a soy-enriched high protein snack replacement decreased appetite and improved body composition in women with NWO. Our findings suggest that soy-enriched high protein snacks are an efficacious strategy for body composition improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran; (N.H.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran;
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Neda Cheraghloo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran;
| | - Gholamreza Moradpour
- Laparoscopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran; (N.H.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Michael Nordvall
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA;
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran;
| | - Nader Moeinvaziri
- Laparoscopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran; (N.H.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Masoud Amini
- Laparoscopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran; (N.H.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran;
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
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48
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Wali JA, Milner AJ, Luk AWS, Pulpitel TJ, Dodgson T, Facey HJW, Wahl D, Kebede MA, Senior AM, Sullivan MA, Brandon AE, Yau B, Lockwood GP, Koay YC, Ribeiro R, Solon-Biet SM, Bell-Anderson KS, O'Sullivan JF, Macia L, Forbes JM, Cooney GJ, Cogger VC, Holmes A, Raubenheimer D, Le Couteur DG, Simpson SJ. Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health. Nat Metab 2021; 3:810-828. [PMID: 34099926 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduced protein intake, through dilution with carbohydrate, extends lifespan and improves mid-life metabolic health in animal models. However, with transition to industrialised food systems, reduced dietary protein is associated with poor health outcomes in humans. Here we systematically interrogate the impact of carbohydrate quality in diets with varying carbohydrate and protein content. Studying 700 male mice on 33 isocaloric diets, we find that the type of carbohydrate and its digestibility profoundly shape the behavioural and physiological responses to protein dilution, modulate nutrient processing in the liver and alter the gut microbiota. Low (10%)-protein, high (70%)-carbohydrate diets promote the healthiest metabolic outcomes when carbohydrate comprises resistant starch (RS), yet the worst outcomes were with a 50:50 mixture of monosaccharides fructose and glucose. Our findings could explain the disparity between healthy, high-carbohydrate diets and the obesogenic impact of protein dilution by glucose-fructose mixtures associated with highly processed diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibran A Wali
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Annabelle J Milner
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alison W S Luk
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tamara J Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim Dodgson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harrison J W Facey
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Devin Wahl
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melkam A Kebede
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mitchell A Sullivan
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda E Brandon
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Belinda Yau
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Glen P Lockwood
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosilene Ribeiro
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim S Bell-Anderson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John F O'Sullivan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregory J Cooney
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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49
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El-Sayed A, Aleya L, Kamel M. The link among microbiota, epigenetics, and disease development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28926-28964. [PMID: 33860421 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome is a community of various microorganisms that inhabit or live on the skin of humans/animals, sharing the body space with their hosts. It is a sort of complex ecosystem of trillions of commensals, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms, including trillions of bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. The microbiota plays a role in the health and disease status of the host. Their number, species dominance, and viability are dynamic. Their long-term disturbance is usually accompanied by serious diseases such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or even cancer. While epigenetics is a term that refers to different stimuli that induce modifications in gene expression patterns without structural changes in the inherited DNA sequence, these changes can be reversible or even persist for several generations. Epigenetics can be described as cell memory that stores experience against internal and external factors. Results from multiple institutions have contributed to the role and close interaction of both microbiota and epigenetics in disease induction. Understanding the mechanisms of both players enables a better understanding of disease induction and development and also opens the horizon to revolutionary therapeutic approaches. The present review illustrates the roles of diet, microbiome, and epigenetics in the induction of several chronic diseases. In addition, it discusses the application of epigenetic data to develop diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics and evaluate their safety for patients. Understanding the interaction among all these elements enables the development of innovative preventive/therapeutic approaches for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Sayed
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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50
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Duregon E, Pomatto-Watson LCDD, Bernier M, Price NL, de Cabo R. Intermittent fasting: from calories to time restriction. GeroScience 2021; 43:1083-1092. [PMID: 33686571 PMCID: PMC8190218 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The global human population has recently experienced an increase in life expectancy with a mounting concern about the steady rise in the incidence of age-associated chronic diseases and socio-economic burden. Calorie restriction (CR), the reduction of energy intake without malnutrition, is a dietary manipulation that can increase health and longevity in most model organisms. However, the practice of CR in day-to-day life is a challenging long-term goal for human intervention. Recently, daily fasting length and periodicity have emerged as potential drivers behind CR's beneficial health effects. Numerous strategies and eating patterns have been successfully developed to recapitulate many of CR's benefits without its austerity. These novel feeding protocols range from shortened meal timing designed to interact with our circadian system (e.g., daily time-restricted feeding) to more extended fasting regimens known as intermittent fasting. Here, we provide a glimpse of the current status of knowledge on different strategies to reap the benefits of CR on metabolic health in murine models and in humans, without the rigor of continuous reduction in caloric intake as presented at the USU State of the Science Symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Duregon
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Laura C D D Pomatto-Watson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Nathan L Price
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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