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Zhou J, Liu C, Amornphimoltham P, Cheong SC, Gutkind JS, Chen Q, Wang Z. Mouse Models for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Dent Res 2024; 103:585-595. [PMID: 38722077 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241240997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The prognosis and survival rate of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have remained unchanged for years, and the pathogenesis of HNSCC is still not fully understood, necessitating further research. An ideal animal model that accurately replicates the complex microenvironment of HNSCC is urgently needed. Among all the animal models for preclinical cancer research, tumor-bearing mouse models are the best known and widely used due to their high similarity to humans. Currently, mouse models for HNSCC can be broadly categorized into chemical-induced models, genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), and transplanted mouse models, each with its distinct advantages and limitations. In chemical-induced models, the carcinogen spontaneously initiates tumor formation through a multistep process. The resemblance of this model to human carcinogenesis renders it an ideal preclinical platform for studying HNSCC initiation and progression from precancerous lesions. The major drawback is that these models are time-consuming and, like human cancer, unpredictable in terms of timing, location, and number of lesions. GEMMs involve transgenic and knockout mice with gene modifications, leading to malignant transformation within a tumor microenvironment that recapitulates tumorigenesis in vivo, including their interaction with the immune system. However, most HNSCC GEMMs exhibit low tumor incidence and limited prognostic significance when translated to clinical studies. Transplanted mouse models are the most widely used in cancer research due to their consistency, availability, and efficiency. Based on the donor and recipient species matching, transplanted mouse models can be divided into xenografts and syngeneic models. In the latter, transplanted cells and host are from the same strain, making syngeneic models relevant to study functional immune system. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the characteristics, establishment methods, and potential applications of these different HNSCC mouse models, aiming to assist researchers in choosing suitable animal models for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - C Liu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - P Amornphimoltham
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S C Cheong
- Translational Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J S Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Q Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Peralta S, Katt W, Balkman C, Butler S, Carney P, Todd-Donato A, Drozd M, Duhamel G, Fiani N, Ford J, Grenier J, Hayward J, Heikinheimo K, Hume K, Moore E, Puri R, Sylvester S, Warshaw S, Webb S, White A, Wright A, Cerione R. Opportunities for targeted therapies: trametinib as a therapeutic approach to canine oral squamous cell carcinomas. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4289451. [PMID: 38746473 PMCID: PMC11092801 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4289451/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Oral tumors are relatively common in dogs, and canine oral squamous cell carcinoma (COSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignancy of epithelial origin. COSCC is locally aggressive with up to 20% of patients showing regional or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The treatment of choice most typically involves wide surgical excision. Although long-term remission is possible, treatments are associated with significant morbidity and can negatively impact functionality and quality of life. OSCCs have significant upregulation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling axis, and we had previously hypothesized that small-molecule inhibitors that target RAS signaling might effectively inhibit tumor growth and progression. Here, we demonstrate that the MEK inhibitor trametinib, an FDA-approved drug for human cancers, significantly blocks the growth of several COSCC cell lines established from current patient tumor samples. We further show clinical evidence that the drug is able to cause significant tumor regression in some patients with spontaneously occurring COSCC. Given the limited treatment options available and the high rate of owner rejection of these offered options, these findings provide new hope that more acceptable treatment options may soon enter the veterinary clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Grenier
- RNA Sequencing Core and Center for Reproductive Genomics. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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3
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Zheng Y, Sheng S, Ma Y, Chen Y, Liu R, Zhang W, Zhang L, Liu Z, He Y, Zeng H, Zhang Z. FADD amplification is associated with CD8 + T-cell exclusion and malignant progression in HNSCC. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38696357 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the relationship between FADD amplification and overexpression and the tumor immune microenvironment. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and bioanalysis were used to analyze the association between FADD expression in tumor cells and cells in tumor microenvironment. RNA-seq analysis was used to detect the differences in gene expression upon FADD overexpression. Flow cytometry and multicolor immunofluorescence staining (mIHC) were used to detect the differences in CD8+ T-cell infiltration in FADD-overexpressed cells or tumor tissues. RESULTS Overexpression of FADD significantly promoted tumor growth. Cells with high FADD expression presented high expression of CD276 and FGFBP1 and low expression of proinflammatory factors (such as IFIT1-3 and CXCL8), which reduced the percentage of CD8+ T cells and created a "cold tumor" immune microenvironment, thus promoting tumor progression. In vivo and in vitro experiment confirmed that tumor tissues with excessive FADD expression exhibited CD8+ T-cell exclusion in the microenvironment. CONCLUSION Our preliminary investigation has discovered the association between FADD expression and the immunosuppressive microenvironment in HNSCC. Due to the high frequent amplification of the chromosomal region 11q13.3, where FADD is located, targeting FADD holds promise for improving the immune-inactive state of tumors, subsequently inhibiting HNSCC tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Surui Sheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuchang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglong Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanlin Zeng
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Id Said B, Alfaraj FA, Marta GN, Kowalski LP, Kohler HF, Huang SH, Su J, Xu W, Eng L, de Moraes FY, Hahn E, Kim JJ, O'Sullivan B, Ringash J, Waldron J, Matos LL, Prisman E, Irish JC, Yao CMKL, de Almeida JR, Goldstein DP, Hope A, Hosni A. Individualized risk assessment of distant metastases in oral cavity carcinoma: a validated predictive-score model. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1555-1562. [PMID: 37498564 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to develop and validate a risk-scoring system for distant metastases (DMs) in oral cavity carcinoma (OCC). METHODS Patients with OCC who were treated at 4 tertiary cancer institutions with curative surgery with or without postoperative radiation/chemoradiation therapy were randomly assigned to discovery or validation cohorts (3:2 ratio). Cases were staged on the basis of tumor, node, and metastasis staging according to the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control guidelines. Predictors of DMs on multivariable analysis in the discovery cohort were used to develop a risk-score model and classify patients into risk groups. The utility of the risk classification was evaluated in the validation cohort. RESULTS Overall, 2749 patients were analyzed. Predictors (risk score coefficient) of DMs in the discovery cohort were the following: pathological stage (p)T3-4 (0.4), pN+ (N1: 0.8; N2: 1.0; N3: 1.5), histologic grade (G) 3 (G3, 0.7), and lymphovascular invasion (0.4). The DM risk groups were defined by the sum of the following risk score coefficients: high (>1.7), intermediate (0.7-1.7), and standard risk (<0.7). The 5-year DM rates (high/intermediate/standard risk groups) were 30%/15%/4% in the discovery cohort (C-index = 0.79) and 35%/16%/5% in the validation cohort, respectively (C-index = 0.77; both P < .001). In the whole cohort, this predictive model showed excellent discriminative ability in predicting DMs without locoregional failure (29%/11%/1%), later (>2 year) DMs (11%/4%/2%), and DMs in patients treated with surgery (20%/12%/5%), postoperative radiation therapy (34%/17%/4%), and postoperative chemoradiation therapy (39%/18%/7%) (all P < .001). The 5-year overall survival rates in the overall cohort were 25%/51%/67% (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Patients at higher risk for DMs were identified by use of a predictive-score model for DMs that included pT3-4, pN1/2/3, G3, and lymphovascular invasion. Identified patients may be evaluated for individualized risk-adaptive treatment escalation and/or surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr Id Said
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fatimah A Alfaraj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer Centre for the North, University of British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Gustavo N Marta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A C Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Service, Sao Paulo State Cancer Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo F Kohler
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A C Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shao H Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lawson Eng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fabio Y de Moraes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ezra Hahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jolie Ringash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Waldron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leandro L Matos
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Service, Sao Paulo State Cancer Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eitan Prisman
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jonathan C Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher M K L Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John R de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David P Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Hope
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Hosni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Baskar G, Palaniyandi T, Viswanathan S, Wahab MRA, Surendran H, Ravi M, Sivaji A, Rajendran BK, Natarajan S, Govindasamy G. Recent and advanced therapy for oral cancer. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3105-3115. [PMID: 37243814 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common and deadly kind of tissue invasion, has a high death rate, and may induce metastasis that mostly affects adults over the age of 40. Most in vitro traditional methods for studying cancer have included the use of monolayer cell cultures and several animal models. There is a worldwide effort underway to reduce the excessive use of laboratory animals since, although being physiologically adequate, animal models rarely succeed in exactly mimicking human models. 3D culture models have gained great attention in the area of biomedicine because of their capacity to replicate parent tissue. There are many benefits to using a drug delivery approach based on nanoparticles in cancer treatment. Because of this, in vitro test methodologies are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of prospective novel nanoparticle drug delivery systems. This review discusses current advances in the utility of 3D cell culture models including multicellular spheroids, patient-derived explant cultures, organoids, xenografts, 3D bioprinting, and organoid-on-a-chip models. Aspects of nanoparticle-based drug discovery that have utilized 2D and 3D cultures for a better understanding of genes implicated in oral cancers are also included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sandhiya Viswanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Mugip Rahaman Abdul Wahab
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Asha Sivaji
- Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, India
| | | | - Sudhakar Natarajan
- Department of HIV/AIDS, ICMR - National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India
| | - Gopu Govindasamy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital and Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
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Lai TY, Ko YC, Chen YL, Lin SF. The Way to Malignant Transformation: Can Epigenetic Alterations Be Used to Diagnose Early-Stage Head and Neck Cancer? Biomedicines 2023; 11:1717. [PMID: 37371812 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying and treating tumors early is the key to secondary prevention in cancer control. At present, prevention of oral cancer is still challenging because the molecular drivers responsible for malignant transformation of the 11 clinically defined oral potentially malignant disorders are still unknown. In this review, we focused on studies that elucidate the epigenetic alterations demarcating malignant and nonmalignant epigenomes and prioritized findings from clinical samples. Head and neck included, the genomes of many cancer types are largely hypomethylated and accompanied by focal hypermethylation on certain specific regions. We revisited prior studies that demonstrated that sufficient uptake of folate, the primary dietary methyl donor, is associated with oral cancer reduction. As epigenetically driven phenotypic plasticity, a newly recognized hallmark of cancer, has been linked to tumor initiation, cell fate determination, and drug resistance, we discussed prior findings that might be associated with this hallmark, including gene clusters (11q13.3, 19q13.43, 20q11.2, 22q11-13) with great potential for oral cancer biomarkers, and successful examples in screening early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although one-size-fits-all approaches have been shown to be ineffective in most cancer therapies, the rapid development of epigenome sequencing methods raises the possibility that this nonmutagenic approach may be an exception. Only time will tell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Ko
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lian Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fang Lin
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
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7
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Preclinical models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1819-1827. [PMID: 36765175 PMCID: PMC10147614 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is the sixth most frequent cancer type. Drug resistance and toxicity are common challenges of the existing therapies, making the development of reliable preclinical models essential for the study of the involved molecular mechanisms as well as for eventual intervention approaches that improve the clinical outcome. Preclinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been traditionally based on cell lines and murine models. In this review, we will go over the most frequently used preclinical models, from immortalised-cell and primary tumour cultures in monolayer or 3D, to the currently available animal models. We will scrutinise their efficiency in mimicking the molecular and cellular complexity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Finally, the challenges and the opportunities of other envisaged putative approaches, as well as the potential of the preclinical models to further develop personalised therapies will be discussed.
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8
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Jin J, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Wu Y, Zhou YD, Liu S, Sun Q, Yang G, Lin J, Nagle DG, Qin J, Zhang Z, Chen HZ, Zhang W, Sun S, Luan X. Small-molecule PROTAC mediates targeted protein degradation to treat STAT3-dependent epithelial cancer. JCI Insight 2022; 7:160606. [PMID: 36509291 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant activation of STAT3 is associated with the etiology and progression in a variety of malignant epithelial-derived tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Due to the lack of an enzymatic catalytic site or a ligand-binding pocket, there are no small-molecule inhibitors directly targeting STAT3 that have been approved for clinical translation. Emerging proteolysis targeting chimeric (PROTAC) technology-based approach represents a potential strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional inhibitors and inhibit activation of STAT3 and downstream genes. In this study, the heterobifunctional small-molecule-based PROTACs are successfully prepared from toosendanin (TSN), with 1 portion binding to STAT3 and the other portion binding to an E3 ubiquitin ligase. The optimized lead PROTAC (TSM-1) exhibits superior selectivity, potency, and robust antitumor effects in STAT3-dependent HNSCC and CRC - especially in clinically relevant patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and patient-derived organoids (PDO). The following mechanistic investigation identifies the reduced expression of critical downstream STAT3 effectors, through which TSM-1 promotes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. These findings provide the first demonstration to our knowledge of a successful PROTAC-targeting strategy in STAT3-dependent epithelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Jin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, and.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,China Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts, and
| | - Sanhong Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyan Sun
- China Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, and.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dale G Nagle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts, and.,Department of BioMolecular Sciences and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jiangjiang Qin
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, and.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, and.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang Y, Ahn J, Edwards NJ, Benicky J, Rozeboom AM, Davidson B, Karamboulas C, Nixon KCJ, Ailles L, Goldman R. Extracellular Heparan 6- O-Endosulfatases SULF1 and SULF2 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Other Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225553. [PMID: 36428645 PMCID: PMC9688903 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pan-cancer analysis of TCGA and CPTAC (proteomics) data shows that SULF1 and SULF2 are oncogenic in a number of human malignancies and associated with poor survival outcomes. Our studies document a consistent upregulation of SULF1 and SULF2 in HNSC which is associated with poor survival outcomes. These heparan sulfate editing enzymes were considered largely functional redundant but single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) shows that SULF1 is secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts in contrast to the SULF2 derived from tumor cells. Our RNAScope and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) analysis of the HNSC tissues fully confirm the stromal source of SULF1 and explain the uniform impact of this enzyme on the biology of multiple malignancies. In summary, SULF2 expression increases in multiple malignancies but less consistently than SULF1, which uniformly increases in the tumor tissues and negatively impacts survival in several types of cancer even though its expression in cancer cells is low. This paradigm is common to multiple malignancies and suggests a potential for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of the heparan sulfatases in cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jaeil Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Nathan J. Edwards
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Julius Benicky
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Aaron M. Rozeboom
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Bruce Davidson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Christina Karamboulas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Kevin C. J. Nixon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Radoslav Goldman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-202-687-9868
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10
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Elst L, Van Rompuy AS, Roussel E, Spans L, Vanden Bempt I, Necchi A, Ross J, Jacob JM, Baietti MF, Leucci E, Albersen M. Establishment and Characterization of Advanced Penile Cancer Patient-derived Tumor Xenografts: Paving the Way for Personalized Treatments. Eur Urol Focus 2022; 8:1787-1794. [PMID: 35537937 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic treatments for penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC) are toxic and inefficient. Patient-based preclinical models are essential to study novel treatments. OBJECTIVE To establish a library of patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models of human papillomavirus-positive (HPV+) and -negative (HPV-) pSCC and characterize these at the genomic and histological levels. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Eighteen tumor samples from 14 patients with recurrent or metastatic pSCC were implanted in nude mice. A biobank of PDX tumors was established after passaging of patient samples (F0) for three generations (F1, F2, F3) and was characterized using histopathology and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). Single-nucleotide polymorphism fingerprinting was used to confirm PDX genealogy. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The engraftment rate, overall growth rate, and pSCC histomorphology were checked for each PDX generation. Staining for p40 (a pSCC marker) and p16 (a surrogate for HPV infection) was performed for F0 samples. The mutational profile according to a validated panel of 96 cancer genes was determined for F0 and F3 samples and compared to a larger tNGS database. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Including a previously established pilot model, 11 out of 18 tumor samples (61%) successfully engrafted in F1. The mean time from implantation in F1 to completion of F3 was 36 wk (standard deviation 18). Histological fidelity was demonstrated across generations. The patient mutational profiles were preserved in F3 and were representative of 277 pSCC samples in the Foundation Medicine database. The rapid progression of pSCC in patients from our selected high-risk cohort impeded the use of PDXs as avatars. CONCLUSIONS We successfully established the first library of 11 PDX models of HPV- and HPV+ pSCC. Our PDX models showed high engraftment rates and histological and genomic fidelity to the tumor tissue of origin. These models may help in paving the way towards the development of novel treatments. PATIENT SUMMARY We established 11 animal models based on tumor tissue from patients with penile cancer. These models could play a vital role in selection of novel treatments according to genetic mutations. In the future, therapies with confirmed preclinical effects may have a profound impact on the development of personalized treatments in penile cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elst
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Eduard Roussel
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lien Spans
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Andrea Necchi
- San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeffrey Ross
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA; Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Maria-Francesca Baietti
- Trace, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eleonora Leucci
- Trace, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Zanella ER, Grassi E, Trusolino L. Towards precision oncology with patient-derived xenografts. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:719-732. [PMID: 36151307 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Under the selective pressure of therapy, tumours dynamically evolve multiple adaptive mechanisms that make static interrogation of genomic alterations insufficient to guide treatment decisions. Clinical research does not enable the assessment of how various regulatory circuits in tumours are affected by therapeutic insults over time and space. Likewise, testing different precision oncology approaches informed by composite and ever-changing molecular information is hard to achieve in patients. Therefore, preclinical models that incorporate the biology and genetics of human cancers, facilitate analyses of complex variables and enable adequate population throughput are needed to pinpoint randomly distributed response predictors. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are dynamic entities in which cancer evolution can be monitored through serial propagation in mice. PDX models can also recapitulate interpatient diversity, thus enabling the identification of response biomarkers and therapeutic targets for molecularly defined tumour subgroups. In this Review, we discuss examples from the past decade of the use of PDX models for precision oncology, from translational research to drug discovery. We elaborate on how and to what extent preclinical observations in PDX models have confirmed and/or anticipated findings in patients. Finally, we illustrate emerging methodological efforts that could broaden the application of PDX models by honing their predictive accuracy or improving their versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Grassi
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy. .,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy.
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12
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Gu Z, Yao Y, Yang G, Zhu G, Tian Z, Wang R, Wu Q, Wang Y, Wu Y, Chen L, Wang C, Gao J, Kang X, Zhang J, Wang L, Duan S, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Sun S. Pharmacogenomic landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma informs precision oncology therapy. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo5987. [PMID: 36070368 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo5987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common and frequently lethal cancer with few therapeutic options. In particular, there are few effective targeted therapies. Development of highly effective therapeutic strategies tailored to patients with HNSCC remains a pressing challenge. To address this, we present a pharmacogenomic study to facilitate precision treatments for patients with HNSCC. We established a large collection of 56 HNSCC patient-derived cells (PDCs), which recapitulated the molecular features of the original tumors. Pharmacological assessment of HNSCCs was conducted using a three-tiered high-throughput drug screening using 2248 compounds across these PDC models and an additional 18 immortalized cell lines. We integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and pharmacological analysis to predict biomarkers, gene-drug associations, and validated biomarkers. These results supported drug repurposing for multiple HNSCC subtypes, including the JAK2 inhibitor fedratinib, for low KRT18-expressing HNSCC cases, and the topoisomerase inhibitor mitoxantrone, for IL6R-activated HNSCC cases. Our results demonstrated concordance between susceptibility predictions from the PDCs and the matched patients' responses to standard clinical medication. Moreover, we identified and experimentally confirmed that high expression of ITGB1 elicited therapeutic resistance to docetaxel and high SOD1 expression conferred resistance to afatinib. We further validated ITGB1 as a predictive biomarker for the efficacy of docetaxel therapy in a phase 2 clinical trial. In summary, our study shows that this HNSCC cell resource, as well as the resulting pharmacogenomic profiles, is effective for biomarker discovery and for guiding precision oncology therapies in HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Gu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanli Yao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guizhu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guopei Zhu
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiamin Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xindan Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shengzhong Duan
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shuyang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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13
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The Potential for Selective Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibition in the Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer J 2022; 28:377-380. [PMID: 36165726 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Preclinical data support investigation of selective CDK4/6 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for human papillomavirus (HPV)-unrelated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Phase 1 clinical trials established the feasibility of combining palbociclib with cetuximab in patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. Nonrandomized phase II trials showed that palbociclib plus cetuximab resulted in efficacy outcomes better than cetuximab in biomarker-unselected, platinum-resistant or cetuximab-resistant, HPV-unrelated HNSCC. A double-blind, randomized phase II trial (PALATINUS) evaluated the efficacy of palbociclib or placebo and cetuximab in patients with biomarker-unselected, platinum-resistant, cetuximab-naive, HPV-unrelated HNSCC. Palbociclib and cetuximab did not significantly prolong overall survival compared with placebo and cetuximab. However, correlative biomarker analyses identified that trends for better overall survival with palbociclib and cetuximab were observed in certain prespecified subsets; the largest reduction in risk of death with palbociclib versus placebo and cetuximab occurred in the subset with CDKN2A mutations. Several phase II-III trials are underway investigating palbociclib in biomarker-selected patients with HPV-unrelated locally advanced or recurrent or metastatic HNSCC.
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14
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Precision Medicine in Head and Neck Cancers: Genomic and Preclinical Approaches. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060854. [PMID: 35743639 PMCID: PMC9224778 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) represent the sixth most widespread malignancy worldwide. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic drugs represent the main clinical approaches for HNC patients. Moreover, HNCs are characterised by an elevated mutational load; however, specific genetic mutations or biomarkers have not yet been found. In this scenario, personalised medicine is showing its efficacy. To study the reliability and the effects of personalised treatments, preclinical research can take advantage of next-generation sequencing and innovative technologies that have been developed to obtain genomic and multi-omic profiles to drive personalised treatments. The crosstalk between malignant and healthy components, as well as interactions with extracellular matrices, are important features which are responsible for treatment failure. Preclinical research has constantly implemented in vitro and in vivo models to mimic the natural tumour microenvironment. Among them, 3D systems have been developed to reproduce the tumour mass architecture, such as biomimetic scaffolds and organoids. In addition, in vivo models have been changed over the last decades to overcome problems such as animal management complexity and time-consuming experiments. In this review, we will explore the new approaches aimed to improve preclinical tools to study and apply precision medicine as a therapeutic option for patients affected by HNCs.
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15
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Schoenwaelder N, Krause M, Freitag T, Schneider B, Zonnur S, Zimpfer A, Becker AS, Salewski I, Strüder DF, Lemcke H, Grosse-Thie C, Junghanss C, Maletzki C. Preclinical Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Models for Combined Targeted Therapy Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102484. [PMID: 35626088 PMCID: PMC9139292 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to refine combined targeted approaches on well-characterized, low-passage tumor models. Upon in vivo xenografting in immunodeficient mice, three cell lines from locally advanced or metastatic HNSCC were established. Following quality control and basic characterization, drug response was examined after therapy with 5-FU, Cisplatin, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (abemaciclib, THZ1). Our cell lines showed different in vitro growth kinetics, morphology, invasive potential, and radiosensitivity. All cell lines were sensitive to 5-FU, Cisplatin, and THZ1. One cell line (HNSCC48 P0 M1) was sensitive to abemaciclib. Here, Cyto-FISH revealed a partial CDKN2a deletion, which resulted from a R58* mutation. Moreover, this cell line demonstrated chromosome 12 polysomy, accompanied by an increase in CDK4-specific copy numbers. In HNSCC16 P1 M1, we likewise identified polysomy-associated CDK4-gains. Although not sensitive to abemaciclib per se, the cell line showed a G1-arrest, an increased number of acidic organelles, and a swollen structure. Notably, intrinsic resistance was conquered by Cisplatin because of cMYC and IDO-1 downregulation. Additionally, this Cisplatin-CDKI combination induced HLA-ABC and PD-L1 upregulation, which may enhance immunogenicity. Performing functional and molecular analysis on patient-individual HNSCC-models, we identified CDK4-gains as a biomarker for abemaciclib response prediction and describe an approach to conquer intrinsic CDKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schoenwaelder
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
| | - Mareike Krause
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
| | - Thomas Freitag
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
| | - Björn Schneider
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Sarah Zonnur
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Annette Zimpfer
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Anne Sophie Becker
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (B.S.); (S.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Inken Salewski
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
| | - Daniel Fabian Strüder
- Head and Neck Surgery “Otto Koerner”, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Heiko Lemcke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Grosse-Thie
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.S.); (M.K.); (T.F.); (I.S.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Gu Z, Shi C, Li J, Han Y, Sun B, Zhang W, Wu J, Zhou G, Ye W, Li J, Zhang Z, Zhou R. Palbociclib-based high-throughput combination drug screening identifies synergistic therapeutic options in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Med 2022; 20:175. [PMID: 35546399 PMCID: PMC9097351 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deregulation of cell-cycle pathway is ubiquitously observed in human papillomavirus negative (HPVneg) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite being an attractive target, CDK4/6 inhibition using palbociclib showed modest or conflicting results as monotherapy or in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy or cetuximab in HPVneg HNSCC. Thus, innovative agents to augment the efficacy of palbociclib in HPVneg HNSCC would be welcomed. METHODS A collection of 162 FDA-approved and investigational agents was screened in combinatorial matrix format, and top combinations were validated in a broader panel of HPVneg HNSCC cell lines. Transcriptional profiling was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms of drug synergy. Finally, the most potent palbociclib-based drug combination was evaluated and compared with palbociclib plus cetuximab or cisplatin in a panel of genetically diverse HPVneg HNSCC cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models. RESULTS Palbociclib displayed limited efficacy in HPVneg HNSCC as monotherapy. The high-throughput combination drug screening provided a comprehensive palbociclib-based drug-drug interaction dataset, whereas significant synergistic effects were observed when palbociclib was combined with multiple agents, including inhibitors of the PI3K, EGFR, and MEK pathways. PI3K pathway inhibitors significantly reduced cell proliferation and induced cell-cycle arrest in HPVneg HNSCC cell lines when combined with palbociclib, and alpelisib (a PI3Kα inhibitor) was demonstrated to show the most potent synergy with particularly higher efficacy in HNSCCs bearing PIK3CA alterations. Notably, when compared with cisplatin and cetuximab, alpelisib exerted stronger synergism in a broader panel of cell lines. Mechanistically, RRM2-dependent epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by palbociclib, was attenuated by alpelisib and cetuximab rather than cisplatin. Subsequently, PDX models with distinct genetic background further validated that palbociclib plus alpelisib had significant synergistic effects in models harboring PIK3CA amplification. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into the systematic combinatory effect associated with CDK4/6 inhibition and supports further initiation of clinical trials using the palbociclib plus alpelisib combination in HPVneg HNSCC with PIK3CA alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Gu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chaoji Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bao Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wuchang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jing Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiang Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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17
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Diagnostics of HNSCC Patients: An Analysis of Cell Lines and Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Personalized Therapeutical Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051071. [PMID: 35626227 PMCID: PMC9139588 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are very frequent worldwide, and smoking and chronic alcohol use are recognized as the main risk factors. For oropharyngeal cancers, HPV 16 infection is known to be a risk factor as well. By employing next-generation sequencing, both HPV-positive and negative HNSCC patients were detected as positive for PI3K mutation, which was considered an optimal molecular target. We analyzed scientific literature published in the last 5 years regarding the newly available diagnostic platform for targeted therapy of HNSCC HPV+/−, using HNSCC-derived cell lines cultures and HNSCC pdx (patient-derived xenografts). The research results are promising and require optimal implementation in the management of HNSCC patients.
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18
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Id Said B, Ailles L, Karamboulas C, Meens J, Huang SH, Xu W, Keshavarzi S, Bratman SV, Cho BCJ, Giuliani M, Hahn E, Kim J, O’Sullivan B, Ringash J, Waldron J, Spreafico A, de Almeida JR, Chepeha DB, Irish JC, Goldstein DP, Hope A, Hosni A. Development and Validation of an Oral Cavity Cancer Outcomes Prediction Score Incorporating Patient-Derived Xenograft Engraftment. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 148:342-349. [PMID: 35238880 PMCID: PMC8895316 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2022.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) offer the opportunity to identify patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who are at risk for recurrence and optimize clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a prediction score for locoregional failure (LRF) and distant metastases (DM) in OSCC that incorporates PDX engraftment in addition to known clinicopathological risk factors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this retrospective cohort study, PDX models were generated from patients with OSCC treated with curative intent at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (Toronto, Canada) between 2006 and 2018. The cohort included 288 patients (aged ≥18 years) with a new diagnosis of nonmetastatic (M0) OSCC whose tumor samples were available for engraftment under the skin of xenograft mice. Patients were scored as a nonengrafter if PDX formation did not occur within 6 months. Data analysis was performed between August 2006 and May 2018. INTERVENTIONS All patients received up-front curative-intent surgery followed by either observation or postoperative radiation with or without concurrent chemotherapy based on institutional guidelines. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Main outcomes were LRF, DM, and overall survival (OS). Multivariable analysis (MVA) was used to identify predictors of LRF and DM. Factors retained in the final MVA were used to construct a prediction score and classify patients into risk groups. RESULTS Overall, 288 patients (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 63.3 [12.3] years; 112 [39%] women and 176 [61%] men) with OSCC were analyzed. The MVA identified pT3-4, pathologic extranodal extension, and engraftment as predictors of LRF and DM. Patients whose tumors engrafted (n = 198) were more likely to develop LRF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.24-3.18) and DM (HR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.21-5.75) compared with nonengrafters. A prediction score based on the aforementioned variables identified patients at high risk and low risk for LRF (43.5% vs 26.5%), DM (38.2% vs 8.4%), and inferior OS (34% vs 66%) at 5 years. Additionally, rapid engraftment was shown to be similarly prognostic, with rapid engrafters demonstrating higher rates of relapse and poor OS. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort study, a prediction score using OSCC PDX engraftment, in conjunction with pT3-4 and pathologic extranodal extension, was associated with improved prognostic utility of existing clinical models and predicted patients at risk for LRF, DM, and poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr Id Said
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina Karamboulas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jalna Meens
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sareh Keshavarzi
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott V. Bratman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - B. C. John Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meredith Giuliani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ezra Hahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian O’Sullivan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jolie Ringash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Waldron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John R. de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas B. Chepeha
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan C. Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David P. Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Hope
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Hosni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Beserra AO, Estevan EC, Bezerra SM, Torrezan GT, Ikegami A, Dellê H, Cunha IW, Meira IT, Carraro DM, Lara PN, Zequi SC, Martins VR, Santos TG. Patient-Derived Renal Cell Carcinoma Xenografts Capture Tumor Genetic Profiles and Aggressive Behaviors. KIDNEY CANCER 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/kca-210011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) have emerged as one of the most promising model systems to study cancer biology and to develop new antineoplastic drugs. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents up to 90% of all kidney tumors, exhibits aggressive behavior, and has a propensity for metastasis. At diagnosis, 30% of patients with RCC have metastases, while up to 50% of those with localized disease treated with curative protocols experience recurrence. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to establish an RCC PDX platform to identify novel clinical and molecular biomarkers of recurrence risk in order to facilitate precision medicine. METHODS: Tumor samples were obtained from surgical specimens of 87 RCC patients; fragments were implanted in immunodeficient NOD/SCID/gamma (NSG) mice. Seventeen fragments were implanted subcutaneously in an initial group while a second group of 70 samples were implanted orthotopically in the subcapsular space. RESULTS: A total of 19 PDX developed only after orthotopic implantation, and included 15 cases of clear cell RCC subtype, 3 cases of papillary subtype, and one unclassifiable tumor. One PDX of clear cell RCC recapitulated the phenotype of vena caval tumor thrombus extension that had been diagnosed in the source patient. PDX characterization by immunohistochemistry and targeted sequencing indicated that all PDXs preserved RCC identity and major molecular alterations. Moreover, the capacity of tumor engraftment was a strong prognostic indicator for patients with locally advanced disease. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that the orthotopic xenograft model of RCC represents a suitable tool to study RCC biology, identify biomarkers, and to test therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano O. Beserra
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Ethiene C. Estevan
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | | | - Giovana T. Torrezan
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Amanda Ikegami
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Humberto Dellê
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Isabela W. Cunha
- Institute of Pathology, Rede D’OR-São Luiz and D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Isabella T. Meira
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Dirce M. Carraro
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Primo N. Lara
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA – USA
| | - Stenio C. Zequi
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
- Reference Center of Urology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- LARCG -Latin American Renal Cancer Group
| | - Vilma R. Martins
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Tiago G. Santos
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
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20
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den bossche VV, Zaryouh H, Vara-Messler M, Vignau J, Machiels JP, Wouters A, Schmitz S, Corbet C. Microenvironment-driven intratumoral heterogeneity in head and neck cancers: clinical challenges and opportunities for precision medicine. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 60:100806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Dong Y, Wang J, Ji W, Zheng M, Wang P, Liu L, Li S. Preclinical Application of Conditional Reprogramming Culture System for Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:744969. [PMID: 34778255 PMCID: PMC8585768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.744969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LHSCC) remains highly challenging due to highly variable therapeutic responses. By establishing an in vitro model for LHSCC based on conditional reprogramming (CR), a cell-culture technique, we aim to investigate its potential value on personalized cancer therapies. Herein, a panel of 28 human LHSCC CR cells were established from 50 tumor tissues using the CR method. They retained tumorigenic potential upon xenotransplantation and recapitulated molecular characteristics of LHSCC. Differential responses to anticancer drugs and radiotherapy were detected in vitro. CR cells could be transformed to xenograft and organoid, and they shared comparable drug responses. The clinical drug responses were consistent with in vitro drug responses. Collectively, the patient-derived CR cell model could promisingly be utilized in clinical decision-making and assisted in the selection of personalized therapies for LHSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengzhu Zheng
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Liangfa Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanhu Li
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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22
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Bouhaddou M, Lee RH, Li H, Bhola NE, O'Keefe RA, Naser M, Zhu TR, Nwachuku K, Duvvuri U, Olshen AB, Roy R, Hechmer A, Bolen J, Keysar SB, Jimeno A, Mills GB, Vandenberg S, Swaney DL, Johnson DE, Krogan NJ, Grandis JR. Caveolin-1 and Sox-2 are predictive biomarkers of cetuximab response in head and neck cancer. JCI Insight 2021; 6:151982. [PMID: 34546978 PMCID: PMC8564908 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor cetuximab is the only FDA-approved oncogene-targeting therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite variable treatment response, no biomarkers exist to stratify patients for cetuximab therapy in HNSCC. Here, we applied unbiased hierarchical clustering to reverse-phase protein array molecular profiles from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors and revealed 2 PDX clusters defined by protein networks associated with EGFR inhibitor resistance. In vivo validation revealed unbiased clustering to classify PDX tumors according to cetuximab response with 88% accuracy. Next, a support vector machine classifier algorithm identified a minimalist biomarker signature consisting of 8 proteins — caveolin-1, Sox-2, AXL, STING, Brd4, claudin-7, connexin-43, and fibronectin — with expression that strongly predicted cetuximab response in PDXs using either protein or mRNA. A combination of caveolin-1 and Sox-2 protein levels was sufficient to maintain high predictive accuracy, which we validated in tumor samples from patients with HNSCC with known clinical response to cetuximab. These results support further investigation into the combined use of caveolin-1 and Sox-2 as predictive biomarkers for cetuximab response in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bouhaddou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and.,Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rex H Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and
| | - Neil E Bhola
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and
| | | | - Mohammad Naser
- Histology and Biomarkers Core, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center Biorepository and Tissue Biomarker Technology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tian Ran Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and
| | | | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- Department of Otolaryngology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam B Olshen
- Computational Biology and Informatics Core and.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ritu Roy
- Computational Biology and Informatics Core and
| | | | - Jennifer Bolen
- Histology and Biomarkers Core, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center Biorepository and Tissue Biomarker Technology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stephen B Keysar
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Antonio Jimeno
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Scott Vandenberg
- Histology and Biomarkers Core, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center Biorepository and Tissue Biomarker Technology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Danielle L Swaney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and.,Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and.,Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
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23
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Maniakas A, Henderson YC, Hei H, Peng S, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Ji S, Cardenas M, Chiu Y, Bell D, Williams MD, Hofmann MC, Scherer SE, Wheeler DA, Busaidy NL, Dadu R, Wang JR, Cabanillas ME, Zafereo M, Johnson FM, Lai SY. Novel Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer PDXs and Cell Lines: Expanding Preclinical Models of Genetic Diversity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4652-e4665. [PMID: 34147031 PMCID: PMC8530744 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare, aggressive, and deadly disease. Robust preclinical thyroid cancer models are needed to adequately develop and study novel therapeutic agents. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models may resemble patient tumors by recapitulating key genetic alterations and gene expression patterns, making them excellent preclinical models for drug response evaluation. OBJECTIVE We developed distinct ATC PDX models concurrently with cell lines and characterized them in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Fresh thyroid tumor from patients with a preoperative diagnosis of ATC was surgically collected and divided for concurrent cell line and PDX model development. Cell lines were created by generating single cells through enzymatic digestion. PDX models were developed following direct subcutaneous implantation of fresh tumor on the flank of immune compromised/athymic mice. RESULTS Six ATC PDX models and 4 cell lines were developed with distinct genetic profiles. Mutational characterization showed one BRAF/TP53/CDKN2A, one BRAF/CDKN2A, one BRAF/TP53, one TP53 only, one TERT-promoter/HRAS, and one TERT-promoter/KRAS/TP53/NF2/NFE2L2 mutated phenotype. Hematoxylin-eosin staining comparing the PDX models to the original patient surgical specimens show remarkable resemblance, while immunohistochemistry stains for important biomarkers were in full concordance (cytokeratin, TTF-1, PAX8, BRAF). Short tandem repeats DNA fingerprinting analysis of all PDX models and cell lines showed strong concordance with the original tumor. PDX successful establishment rate was 32%. CONCLUSION We have developed and characterized 6 novel ATC PDX models with 4 matching cell lines. Each PDX model harbors a distinct genetic profile, making them excellent tools for preclinical therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Maniakas
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Division of Oto-rhino-laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Ying C Henderson
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hu Hei
- Department of Thyroid and Neck, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Peng
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shuangxi Ji
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Maria Cardenas
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yulun Chiu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Diana Bell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Michelle D Williams
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Marie-Claude Hofmann
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Steve E Scherer
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - David A Wheeler
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Naifa L Busaidy
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ramona Dadu
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer R Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Maria E Cabanillas
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mark Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Faye M Johnson
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Stephen Y Lai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Correspondence: Stephen Y. Lai, MD, PhD, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1445, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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24
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Sial N, Ahmad M, Hussain MS, Iqbal MJ, Hameed Y, Khan M, Abbas M, Asif R, Rehman JU, Atif M, Khan MR, Hameed Z, Saeed H, Tanveer R, Saeed S, Sharif A, Asif HM. CTHRC1 expression is a novel shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of survival in six different human cancer subtypes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19873. [PMID: 34615943 PMCID: PMC8494806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99321-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the previous reports, the collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) causes tumorigenesis by modulating the tumor microenvironment, however, the evidence is limited to a few human cancer subtypes. In the current study, we analyzed and validated the CTHRC1 expression variations in 24 different human cancer tissues paired with normal tissues using publically available databases. We observed that CTHRC1 was overexpressed in all the 24 major subtypes of human cancers and its overexpression was significantly associated with the reduced overall survival (OS) duration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), and Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). This implies that CTHRC1 plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. We further noticed that CTHRC1 was also overexpressed in HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, STAD, and UCEC patients of different clinicopathological features. Pathways enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of CTHRC1 associated genes in seven diverse pathways. We also explored few interesting correlations between CTHRC1 expression and promoter methylation, genetic alterations, CNVs, CD8+ T immune cells infiltration, and tumor purity. In conclusion, CTHRC1 can serve as a shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, STAD, and UCEC patients of different clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Sial
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Mehran Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mustansar Abbas
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Asif
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jalil Ur Rehman
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- University College of Eastern Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hameed
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Rida Tanveer
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saba Saeed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneeqa Sharif
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Asif
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Strüder D, Momper T, Irmscher N, Krause M, Liese J, Schraven S, Zimpfer A, Zonnur S, Burmeister AS, Schneider B, Frerich B, Mlynski R, Große-Thie C, Junghanss C, Maletzki C. Establishment and characterization of patient-derived head and neck cancer models from surgical specimens and endoscopic biopsies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:246. [PMID: 34362423 PMCID: PMC8344210 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is heterogeneous in etiology, phenotype and biology. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) maintain morphology and molecular profiling of the original tumors and have become a standard “Avatar” model for human cancer research. However, restricted availability of tumor samples hindered the widespread use of PDX. Most PDX-projects include only surgical specimens because reliable engraftment from biopsies is missing. Therefore, sample collection is limited and excludes recurrent and metastatic, non-resectable cancer from preclinical models as well as future personalized medicine. Methods This study compares the PDX-take rate, -growth, histopathology, and molecular characteristics of endoscopic specimens with surgical specimens. HNSCC samples (n = 55) were collected ad hoc, fresh frozen and implanted into NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice. Results Engraftment was successful in both sample types. However, engraftment rate was lower (21 vs. 52%) and growth delayed (11.2 vs. 6.7 weeks) for endoscopic biopsies. Following engraftment, growth kinetic was similar. Comparisons of primary tumors and corresponding PDX models confirmed preservation of histomorphology (HE histology) and molecular profile (Illumina Cancer Hotspot Panel) of the patients’ tumors. Accompanying flow cytometry on primary tumor specimens revealed a heterogeneous tumor microenvironment among individual cases and identified M2-like macrophages as positive predictors for engraftment. Vice versa, a high PD-L1 expression (combined positive score on tumor/immune cells) predicted PDX rejection. Conclusion Including biopsy samples from locally advanced or metastatic lesions from patients with non-surgical treatment strategies, increases the availability of PDX for basic and translational research. This facilitates (pre-) clinical studies for individual response prediction based on immunological biomarkers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02047-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Strüder
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery "Otto Koerner", Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Theresa Momper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Irmscher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mareike Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Liese
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schraven
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery "Otto Koerner", Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Annette Zimpfer
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sarah Zonnur
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ann-Sophie Burmeister
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Björn Schneider
- Institute of Pathology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernhard Frerich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Mlynski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery "Otto Koerner", Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Große-Thie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
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26
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Affolter A, Lammert A, Kern J, Scherl C, Rotter N. Precision Medicine Gains Momentum: Novel 3D Models and Stem Cell-Based Approaches in Head and Neck Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:666515. [PMID: 34307351 PMCID: PMC8296983 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.666515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the current progress in the development of new concepts of precision medicine for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in particular targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibition (CPI), overall survival rates have not improved during the last decades. This is, on the one hand, caused by the fact that a significant number of patients presents with late stage disease at the time of diagnosis, on the other hand HNSCC frequently develop therapeutic resistance. Distinct intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity is one of the strongest features in HNSCC and has hindered both the identification of specific biomarkers and the establishment of targeted therapies for this disease so far. To date, there is a paucity of reliable preclinical models, particularly those that can predict responses to immune CPI, as these models require an intact tumor microenvironment (TME). The "ideal" preclinical cancer model is supposed to take both the TME as well as tumor heterogeneity into account. Although HNSCC patients are frequently studied in clinical trials, there is a lack of reliable prognostic biomarkers allowing a better stratification of individuals who might benefit from new concepts of targeted or immunotherapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are highly tumorigenic. Through the process of stemness, epithelial cells acquire an invasive phenotype contributing to metastasis and recurrence. Specific markers for CSC such as CD133 and CD44 expression and ALDH activity help to identify CSC in HNSCC. For the majority of patients, allocation of treatment regimens is simply based on histological diagnosis and on tumor location and disease staging (clinical risk assessments) rather than on specific or individual tumor biology. Hence there is an urgent need for tools to stratify HNSCC patients and pave the way for personalized therapeutic options. This work reviews the current literature on novel approaches in implementing three-dimensional (3D) HNSCC in vitro and in vivo tumor models in the clinical daily routine. Stem-cell based assays will be particularly discussed. Those models are highly anticipated to serve as a preclinical prediction platform for the evaluation of stable biomarkers and for therapeutic efficacy testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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27
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Pham NA, Radulovich N, Ibrahimov E, Martins-Filho SN, Li Q, Pintilie M, Weiss J, Raghavan V, Cabanero M, Denroche RE, Wilson JM, Metran-Nascente C, Borgida A, Hutchinson S, Dodd A, Begora M, Chadwick D, Serra S, Knox JJ, Gallinger S, Hedley DW, Muthuswamy L, Tsao MS. Patient-derived tumor xenograft and organoid models established from resected pancreatic, duodenal and biliary cancers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10619. [PMID: 34011980 PMCID: PMC8134568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and their xenograft-derived organoid (XDO) models that recapitulate the genotypic and phenotypic landscape of patient cancers could help to advance research and lead to improved clinical management. PDX models were established from 276 pancreato-duodenal and biliary cancer resections. Initial, passage 0 (P0) engraftment rates were 59% (118/199) for pancreatic, 86% (25/29) for duodenal, and 35% (17/48) for biliary ductal tumors. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), had a P0 engraftment rate of 62% (105/169). KRAS mutant and wild-type PDAC models were molecularly profiled, and XDO models were generated to perform initial drug response evaluations. Subsets of PDAC PDX models showed global copy number variants and gene expression profiles that were retained with serial passaging, and they showed a spectrum of somatic mutations represented in patient tumors. PDAC XDO models were established, with a success rate of 71% (10/14). Pathway activation of KRAS-MAPK in PDXs was independent of KRAS mutational status. Four wild-type KRAS models were characterized by one with EGFR (L747-P753 del), two with BRAF alterations (N486_P490del or V600E), and one with triple negative KRAS/EGFR/BRAF. Model OCIP256, characterized by BRAF (N486-P490 del), had activated phospho-ERK. A combination treatment of a pan-RAF inhibitor (LY3009120) and a MEK inhibitor (trametinib) effectively suppressed phospho-ERK and inhibited growth of OCIP256 XDO and PDX models. PDAC/duodenal adenocarcinoma have high success rates forming PDX/organoid and retaining their phenotypic and genotypic features. These models may be effective tools to evaluate novel drug combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu-An Pham
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nikolina Radulovich
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emin Ibrahimov
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Quan Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melania Pintilie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Weiss
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vibha Raghavan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Cabanero
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Julie M Wilson
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research (OICR), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ayelet Borgida
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shawn Hutchinson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Dodd
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Begora
- Department of Pathology, UHN Program in BioSpecimen Sciences, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dianne Chadwick
- Department of Pathology, UHN Program in BioSpecimen Sciences, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefano Serra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David W Hedley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Muthuswamy
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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28
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Abel L, Durmaz A, Hu R, Longhurst C, Baschnagel AM, Wheeler D, Scott JG, Kimple RJ. Impact of immediate cryopreservation on the establishment of patient derived xenografts from head and neck cancer patients. J Transl Med 2021; 19:180. [PMID: 33910584 PMCID: PMC8082827 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-derived xenografts established from human cancers are important tools for investigating novel anti-cancer therapies. Establishing PDXs requires a significant investment and many PDXs may be used infrequently due to their similarity to existing models, their growth rate, or the lack of relevant mutations. We performed this study to determine whether we could efficiently establish PDXs after cryopreservation to allow molecular profiling to be completed prior to implanting the human cancer. METHODS Fresh tumor was split with half used to establish a PDX immediately and half cryopreserved for later implantation. Resulting tumors were assessed histologically and tumors established from fresh or cryopreserved tissues compared as to the growth rate, extent of tumor necrosis, mitotic activity, keratinization, and grade. All PDXs were subjected to short tandem repeat testing to confirm identity and assess similarity between methods. RESULTS Tumor growth was seen in 70% of implanted cases. No growth in either condition was seen in 30% of tumors. One developed a SCC from the immediate implant but a lymphoproliferative mass without SCC from the cryopreserved specimen. No difference in growth rate was seen. No difference between histologic parameters was seen between the two approaches. CONCLUSIONS Fresh human cancer tissue can be immediately cryopreserved and later thawed and implanted to establish PDXs. This resource saving approach allows for tumor profiling prior to implantation into animals thus maximizing the probability that the tumor will be utilized for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Abel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, 3107 WIMR, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA
| | - Arda Durmaz
- Departments of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research and Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Colin Longhurst
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrew M Baschnagel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, 3107 WIMR, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA.,UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Deric Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, 3107 WIMR, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA.,UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jacob G Scott
- Departments of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research and Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Randall J Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, 3107 WIMR, Madison, WI, 53705-2275, USA. .,UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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29
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Feng F, Shen B, Mou X, Li Y, Li H. Large-scale pharmacogenomic studies and drug response prediction for personalized cancer medicine. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:540-551. [PMID: 34023295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The response rate of most anti-cancer drugs is limited because of the high heterogeneity of cancer and the complex mechanism of drug action. Personalized treatment that stratifies patients into subgroups using molecular biomarkers is promising to improve clinical benefit. With the accumulation of preclinical models and advances in computational approaches of drug response prediction, pharmacogenomics has made great success over the last 20 years and is increasingly used in the clinical practice of personalized cancer medicine. In this article, we first summarize FDA-approved pharmacogenomic biomarkers and large-scale pharmacogenomic studies of preclinical cancer models such as patient-derived cell lines, organoids, and xenografts. Furthermore, we comprehensively review the recent developments of computational methods in drug response prediction, covering network, machine learning, and deep learning technologies and strategies to evaluate immunotherapy response. In the end, we discuss challenges and propose possible solutions for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyoumin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bihan Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoqin Mou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yixue Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 330106, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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30
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Characterizing advanced breast cancer heterogeneity and treatment resistance through serial biopsies and comprehensive analytics. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:28. [PMID: 33772089 PMCID: PMC7997873 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular heterogeneity in metastatic breast cancer presents multiple clinical challenges in accurately characterizing and treating the disease. Current diagnostic approaches offer limited ability to assess heterogeneity that exists among multiple metastatic lesions throughout the treatment course. We developed a precision oncology platform that combines serial biopsies, multi-omic analysis, longitudinal patient monitoring, and molecular tumor boards, with the goal of improving cancer management through enhanced understanding of the entire cancer ecosystem within each patient. We describe this integrative approach using comprehensive analytics generated from serial-biopsied lesions in a metastatic breast cancer patient. The serial biopsies identified remarkable heterogeneity among metastatic lesions that presented clinically as discordance in receptor status and genomic alterations with mixed treatment response. Based on our study, we highlight clinical scenarios, such as rapid progression or mixed response, that indicate consideration for repeat biopsies to evaluate intermetastatic heterogeneity (IMH), with the objective of refining targeted therapy. We present a framework for understanding the clinical significance of heterogeneity in breast cancer between metastatic lesions utilizing multi-omic analyses of serial biopsies and its implication for effective personalized treatment.
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31
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Huang C, Chen L, Savage SR, Eguez RV, Dou Y, Li Y, da Veiga Leprevost F, Jaehnig EJ, Lei JT, Wen B, Schnaubelt M, Krug K, Song X, Cieślik M, Chang HY, Wyczalkowski MA, Li K, Colaprico A, Li QK, Clark DJ, Hu Y, Cao L, Pan J, Wang Y, Cho KC, Shi Z, Liao Y, Jiang W, Anurag M, Ji J, Yoo S, Zhou DC, Liang WW, Wendl M, Vats P, Carr SA, Mani DR, Zhang Z, Qian J, Chen XS, Pico AR, Wang P, Chinnaiyan AM, Ketchum KA, Kinsinger CR, Robles AI, An E, Hiltke T, Mesri M, Thiagarajan M, Weaver AM, Sikora AG, Lubiński J, Wierzbicka M, Wiznerowicz M, Satpathy S, Gillette MA, Miles G, Ellis MJ, Omenn GS, Rodriguez H, Boja ES, Dhanasekaran SM, Ding L, Nesvizhskii AI, El-Naggar AK, Chan DW, Zhang H, Zhang B. Proteogenomic insights into the biology and treatment of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:361-379.e16. [PMID: 33417831 PMCID: PMC7946781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a proteogenomic study of 108 human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Proteomic analysis systematically catalogs HNSCC-associated proteins and phosphosites, prioritizes copy number drivers, and highlights an oncogenic role for RNA processing genes. Proteomic investigation of mutual exclusivity between FAT1 truncating mutations and 11q13.3 amplifications reveals dysregulated actin dynamics as a common functional consequence. Phosphoproteomics characterizes two modes of EGFR activation, suggesting a new strategy to stratify HNSCCs based on EGFR ligand abundance for effective treatment with inhibitory EGFR monoclonal antibodies. Widespread deletion of immune modulatory genes accounts for low immune infiltration in immune-cold tumors, whereas concordant upregulation of multiple immune checkpoint proteins may underlie resistance to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 monotherapy in immune-hot tumors. Multi-omic analysis identifies three molecular subtypes with high potential for treatment with CDK inhibitors, anti-EGFR antibody therapy, and immunotherapy, respectively. Altogether, proteogenomics provides a systematic framework to inform HNSCC biology and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Sara R Savage
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rodrigo Vargas Eguez
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Yongchao Dou
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | | | - Eric J Jaehnig
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan T Lei
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Schnaubelt
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Karsten Krug
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marcin Cieślik
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hui-Yin Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthew A Wyczalkowski
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Kai Li
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antonio Colaprico
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Qing Kay Li
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - David J Clark
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Yingwei Hu
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Liwei Cao
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jianbo Pan
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Yuefan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kyung-Cho Cho
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Zhiao Shi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuxing Liao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Meenakshi Anurag
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiayi Ji
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Seungyeul Yoo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Cui Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Wen-Wei Liang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Michael Wendl
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Pankaj Vats
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - D R Mani
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Xi S Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alexander R Pico
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Christopher R Kinsinger
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eunkyung An
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tara Hiltke
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehdi Mesri
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mathangi Thiagarajan
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick NaVonal Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alissa M Weaver
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; International Institute for Molecular Oncology, 60-203 Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wierzbicka
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- International Institute for Molecular Oncology, 60-203 Poznań, Poland; Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shankha Satpathy
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael A Gillette
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - George Miles
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matthew J Ellis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emily S Boja
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Saravana M Dhanasekaran
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Alexey I Nesvizhskii
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Adel K El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Riess C, Irmscher N, Salewski I, Strüder D, Classen CF, Große-Thie C, Junghanss C, Maletzki C. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in head and neck cancer and glioblastoma-backbone or add-on in immune-oncology? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:153-171. [PMID: 33161487 PMCID: PMC7897202 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) control the cell cycle and play a crucial role in oncogenesis. Pharmacologic inhibition of CDK has contributed to the recent clinical approval of dual CDK4/6 inhibitors for the treatment of breast and small cell lung cancer. While the anticancer cell effects of CDK inhibitors are well-established, preclinical and early clinical studies describe additional mechanisms of action such as chemo- and radiosensitization or immune stimulation. The latter offers great potential to incorporate CDK inhibitors in immune-based treatments. However, dosing schedules and accurate timing of each combination partner need to be respected to prevent immune escape and resistance. In this review, we provide a detailed summary of CDK inhibitors in the two solid cancer types head and neck cancer and glioblastoma multiforme; it describes the molecular mechanisms of response vs. resistance and covers strategies to avoid resistance by the combination of immunotherapy or targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Riess
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- University Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Irmscher
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Inken Salewski
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel Strüder
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery "Otto Körner", Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Carl-Friedrich Classen
- University Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Große-Thie
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
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Lee TW, Lai A, Harms JK, Singleton DC, Dickson BD, Macann AMJ, Hay MP, Jamieson SMF. Patient-Derived Xenograft and Organoid Models for Precision Medicine Targeting of the Tumour Microenvironment in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3743. [PMID: 33322840 PMCID: PMC7763264 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient survival from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the seventh most common cause of cancer, has not markedly improved in recent years despite the approval of targeted therapies and immunotherapy agents. Precision medicine approaches that seek to individualise therapy through the use of predictive biomarkers and stratification strategies offer opportunities to improve therapeutic success in HNSCC. To enable precision medicine of HNSCC, an understanding of the microenvironment that influences tumour growth and response to therapy is required alongside research tools that recapitulate the features of human tumours. In this review, we highlight the importance of the tumour microenvironment in HNSCC, with a focus on tumour hypoxia, and discuss the fidelity of patient-derived xenograft and organoids for modelling human HNSCC and response to therapy. We describe the benefits of patient-derived models over alternative preclinical models and their limitations in clinical relevance and how these impact their utility in precision medicine in HNSCC for the discovery of new therapeutic agents, as well as predictive biomarkers to identify patients' most likely to respond to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tet Woo Lee
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Amy Lai
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Julia K. Harms
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
| | - Dean C. Singleton
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Benjamin D. Dickson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Andrew M. J. Macann
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Michael P. Hay
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Stephen M. F. Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (T.W.L.); (A.L.); (J.K.H.); (D.C.S.); (B.D.D.); (M.P.H.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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Le Compte M, Komen N, Joye I, Peeters M, Prenen H, Smits E, Deben C, de Maat M. Patient-derived organoids as individual patient models for chemoradiation response prediction in gastrointestinal malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 157:103190. [PMID: 33310278 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is an important treatment modality for specific gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as it has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. Recent developments in the neoadjuvant setting such as wait-and-see strategies for rectal as well as for esophageal cancers have even proven that CRT might be an effective organ-sparing treatment. However, due to molecular heterogeneity, only a subset of patients will show a complete response to CRT, which addresses the need for an individualized treatment approach. In recent years, the demand for more physiologically relevant predictive in vitro models has fostered the development of patient-derived tumor organoids. In this review, we describe the current treatment options for patients with GI cancers who are treated with (neo)adjuvant CRT. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth discussion of the organoid technology in the context of predicting CRT response for GI cancers as well as possible challenges for clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Le Compte
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Niels Komen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTRAC), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ines Joye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iridium Kankernetwerk, Oosterveldlaan 22, Wilrijk, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Molecular Imaging, Pathology, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIPRO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building S, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Hans Prenen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christophe Deben
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Michiel de Maat
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTRAC), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Building T, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Johnson DE, Burtness B, Leemans CR, Lui VWY, Bauman JE, Grandis JR. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2020; 6:92. [PMID: 33243986 PMCID: PMC7944998 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1561] [Impact Index Per Article: 390.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most head and neck cancers are derived from the mucosal epithelium in the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx and are known collectively as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Oral cavity and larynx cancers are generally associated with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse or both, whereas pharynx cancers are increasingly attributed to infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily HPV-16. Thus, HNSCC can be separated into HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCC. Despite evidence of histological progression from cellular atypia through various degrees of dysplasia, ultimately leading to invasive HNSCC, most patients are diagnosed with late-stage HNSCC without a clinically evident antecedent pre-malignant lesion. Traditional staging of HNSCC using the tumour-node-metastasis system has been supplemented by the 2017 AJCC/UICC staging system, which incorporates additional information relevant to HPV-positive disease. Treatment is generally multimodal, consisting of surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for oral cavity cancers and primary CRT for pharynx and larynx cancers. The EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab is generally used in combination with radiation in HPV-negative HNSCC where comorbidities prevent the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy. The FDA approved the immune checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab for treatment of recurrent or metastatic HNSCC and pembrolizumab as primary treatment for unresectable disease. Elucidation of the molecular genetic landscape of HNSCC over the past decade has revealed new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Ongoing efforts aim to integrate our understanding of HNSCC biology and immunobiology to identify predictive biomarkers that will enable delivery of the most effective, least-toxic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Burtness
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C. René Leemans
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vivian Wai Yan Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Julie E. Bauman
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,
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Schuch LF, Silveira FM, Wagner VP, Borgato GB, Rocha GZ, Castilho RM, Vargas PA, Martins MD. Head and neck cancer patient-derived xenograft models - A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 155:103087. [PMID: 32992152 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) involve the direct surgical transfer of fresh human tumor samples to immunodeficient mice. This systematic review aimed to identify publications of head and neck cancer PDX (HNC-PDX) models, describing the main methodological characteristics and outcomes. METHODS An electronic search was undertaken in four databases, including publications having used HNC-PDX. Data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS 63 articles were yielded. The nude mouse was one most commonly animal model used (38.8 %), and squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the majority of HNC-PDX (80.6 %). Tumors were mostly implanted in the flank (86.3 %), and the latency period ranged from 30 to 401 days. The successful rate ranged from 17 % to 100 %. Different drugs and pathways were identified. CONCLUSION HNC-PDX appears to significantly recapitulate the morphology of the original HNC and represents a valuable method in translational research for the assessment of the in vivo effect of novel therapies for HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren F Schuch
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe M Silveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian P Wagner
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriell B Borgato
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Z Rocha
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Pablo A Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoela D Martins
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Preclinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for a basic understanding of cancer biology and its translation into efficient therapies. CANCERS OF THE HEAD & NECK 2020; 5:9. [PMID: 32714605 PMCID: PMC7376675 DOI: 10.1186/s41199-020-00056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive molecular characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has led to the identification of distinct molecular subgroups with fundamental differences in biological properties and clinical behavior. Despite improvements in tumor classification and increased understanding about the signaling pathways involved in neoplastic transformation and disease progression, current standard-of-care treatment for HNSCC mostly remains to be based on a stage-dependent strategy whereby all patients at the same stage receive the same treatment. Preclinical models that closely resemble molecular HNSCC subgroups that can be exploited for dissecting the biological function of genetic variants and/or altered gene expression will be highly valuable for translating molecular findings into improved clinical care. In the present review, we merge and discuss existing and new information on established cell lines, primary two- and three-dimensional ex vivo tumor cultures from HNSCC patients, and animal models. We review their value in elucidating the basic biology of HNSCC, molecular mechanisms of treatment resistance and their potential for the development of novel molecularly stratified treatment.
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Hsieh JCH, Wang HM, Wu MH, Chang KP, Chang PH, Liao CT, Liau CT. Review of emerging biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the era of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Head Neck 2020; 41 Suppl 1:19-45. [PMID: 31573749 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) emerge rapidly in recent years, especially for new targeted therapies and immunotherapies. METHODS Recent, relevant peer-reviewed evidence were critically reviewed and summarized. RESULTS This review article briefly introduces essential biomarker concepts, including purposes and classifications (predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic markers), and the phases of biomarker development. We summarize current biomarkers in order of clinical utility; p16 and human papillomavirus status remain the most important and validated biomarkers in HNSCC. The rationale for biomarker study design continues to evolve with technological advances, especially whole-exome or whole-genomic sequencing. Noninvasive body fluid and liquid biopsy biomarkers appear to hold strong potential for development as tools for early cancer detection, cancer diagnosis, monitoring of disease recurrence, and outcome prediction. In light of discrepancies among different technologies, standardized approaches are needed. CONCLUSION Biomarkers from cancer tissue or blood in HNSCC could direct new anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsien Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hung Chang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Liao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ting Liau
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Facompre ND, Rajagopalan P, Sahu V, Pearson AT, Montone KT, James CD, Gleber-Netto FO, Weinstein GS, Jalaly J, Lin A, Rustgi AK, Nakagawa H, Califano JA, Pickering CR, White EA, Windle BE, Morgan IM, Cohen RB, Gimotty PA, Basu D. Identifying predictors of HPV-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression and survival through patient-derived models. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:3236-3249. [PMID: 32478869 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic innovation for human papilloma virus-related (HPV+) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is impaired by inadequate preclinical models and the absence of accurate biomarkers. Our study establishes the first well-characterized panel of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and organoids from HPV+ HNSCCs while determining fidelity of the models to the distinguishing genetic features of this cancer type. Despite low engraftment rates, whole exome sequencing showed that PDXs retain multiple distinguishing features of HPV+ HNSCC lost in existing cell lines, including PIK3CA mutations, TRAF3 deletion and the absence of EGFR amplifications. Engrafted HPV+ tumors frequently contained NOTCH1 mutations, thus providing new models for a negatively prognostic alteration in this disease. Genotype-phenotype associations in the models were then tested for prediction of tumor progression and survival in published clinical cohorts. Observation of high tumor mutational burdens (TMBs) in the faster-growing models facilitated identification of a novel association between TMB and local progression in both HPV+ and HPV- patients that was prognostic in HPV- cases. In addition, reduced E7 and p16INK4A levels found in a PDX from an outlier case with lethal outcome led to detection of similar profiles among recurrent HPV+ HNSCCs. Transcriptional data from the Cancer Genome Atlas was used to demonstrate that the lower E2F target gene expression predicted by reduced E7 levels has potential as a biomarker of disease recurrence risk. Our findings bridge a critical gap in preclinical models for HPV+ HNSCCs and simultaneously reveal novel potential applications of quantifying mutational burden and viral oncogene functions for biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Facompre
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pavithra Rajagopalan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Varun Sahu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kathleen T Montone
- Department of Pathology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claire D James
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Gregory S Weinstein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jalal Jalaly
- Department of Pathology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Curtis R Pickering
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth A White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bradford E Windle
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Iain M Morgan
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Roger B Cohen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Phyllis A Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devraj Basu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yang CY, Liu CR, Chang IYF, OuYang CN, Hsieh CH, Huang YL, Wang CI, Jan FW, Wang WL, Tsai TL, Liu H, Tseng CP, Chang YS, Wu CC, Chang KP. Cotargeting CHK1 and PI3K Synergistically Suppresses Tumor Growth of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patient-Derived Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071726. [PMID: 32610557 PMCID: PMC7408003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are aggressive tumors, and their recurrence leads to poor prognosis and reduced survival rates. This study aimed to identify therapeutic targets and to evaluate the efficacy of targeted inhibitors in OSCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Herein, we reported that OSCC PDXs recapitulated the genomic signatures of their paired primary tumors and the expression of CHEK1, PIK3CA, and PIK3CD was significantly upregulated in OSCC. The antitumor efficacy of CHK1 inhibitors (PF477736, AZD7762, LY2606368) and PI3K inhibitors (BYL719, GDC0941, GSK1059615) was investigated in OSCC cell lines and PDX models. Targeting either CHK1 or PI3K effectively inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in in vitro cell-based assays. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy combined with CHK1 inhibitor treatment synergistically inhibited cell proliferation by suppressing CHK1 phosphorylation and inducing PARP cleavage. Furthermore, compared with monotherapy, cotreatment with CHK1 and PI3K inhibitors exerted synergistic anticancer effects by suppressing CHK1, AKT, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. In summary, our study identified CHK1 and PI3K as promising targets, especially in a dual treatment strategy combining a CHK1 inhibitor with cisplatin or a PI3K inhibitor as a novel therapeutic approach for OSCC patients with aberrant cell cycle regulation and PI3K signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chiao-Rou Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Ian Yi-Feng Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chun-Nan OuYang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-I Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Fei-Wen Jan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
| | - Wan-Ling Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
| | - Ting-Lin Tsai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-C.W.); or (K.-P.C.)
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.W.); or (K.-P.C.)
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Karamboulas C, Meens J, Ailles L. Establishment and Use of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Drug Testing in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. STAR Protoc 2020; 1:100024. [PMID: 33111077 PMCID: PMC7580210 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This protocol provides the steps required for the establishment of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) and their utility in examining drug responses. PDXs recapitulate the heterogeneity observed in the corresponding human tumors, which makes them an ideal pre-clinical model system. This protocol outlines the detailed steps required for (1) the generation of HNSCC-PDXs, (2) the processing of tumor tissues, and (3) the expansion of PDX models into cohorts for (4) drug testing. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol please refer to Karamboulas et al. (2018). Patient-derived xenograft tumors are successfully generated from HNSCC tissue Bulk single-cell suspensions of PDX tumors are used to create larger mouse cohorts Tumor response to candidate drugs can be assessed across several PDX models
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Karamboulas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jalna Meens
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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Kang HN, Kim JH, Park AY, Choi JW, Lim SM, Kim J, Shin EJ, Hong MH, Pyo KH, Yun MR, Kim DH, Lee H, Yoon SO, Kim DH, Park YM, Byeon HK, Jung I, Paik S, Koh YW, Cho BC, Kim HR. Establishment and characterization of patient-derived xenografts as paraclinical models for head and neck cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:316. [PMID: 32293356 PMCID: PMC7160896 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated whether head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) reaffirm patient responses to anti-cancer therapeutics. Methods Tumors from HNSCC patients were transplanted into immunodeficient mice and propagated via subsequent implantation. We evaluated established PDXs by histology, genomic profiling, and in vivo anti-cancer efficacy testing to confirm them as the authentic in vivo platform. Results From 62 HNSCCs, 15 (24%) PDXs were established. The primary cancer types were tongue (8), oropharynx (3), hypopharynx (1), ethmoid sinus cancer (1), supraglottic cancer (1), and parotid gland (1); six PDXs (40%) were established from biopsy specimens from advanced HNSCC. PDXs mostly retained donor characteristics and remained stable across passages. PIK3CA (H1047R), HRAS (G12D), and TP53 mutations (H193R, I195T, R248W, R273H, E298X) and EGFR, CCND1, MYC, and PIK3CA amplifications were identified. Using the acquisition method, biopsy showed a significantly higher engraftment rate when compared with that of surgical resection (100% [6/6] vs. 16.1% [9/56], P < 0.001). Specimens obtained from metastatic sites showed a significantly higher engraftment rate than did those from primary sites (100% [9/9] vs. 11.3% [6/53], P < 0.001). Three PDX models from HPV-positive tumors were established, as compared to 12 from HPV-negative (15.8% [3/19] and 27.9% [12/43] respectively, P = 0.311), suggesting that HPV positivity tends to show a low engraftment rate. Drug responses in PDX recapitulated the clinical responses of the matching patients with pan-HER inhibitors and pan-PI3K inhibitor. Conclusions Genetically and clinically annotated HNSCC PDXs could be useful preclinical tools for evaluating biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Kang
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea
| | - A-Young Park
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jae Woo Choi
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Jinna Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Joo Shin
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea
| | - Dong Hwi Kim
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea
| | - Hanna Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kwon Byeon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Korea, University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Inkyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soonmyung Paik
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Woo Koh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co. Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, South Korea. .,Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
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Kim J, Rhee H, Kim J, Lee S. Validity of patient-derived xenograft mouse models for lung cancer based on exome sequencing data. Genomics Inform 2020; 18:e3. [PMID: 32224836 PMCID: PMC7120347 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2020.18.1.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models are frequently used to test the drug efficacy in diverse types of cancer. They are known to recapitulate the patient characteristics faithfully, but a systematic survey with a large number of cases is yet missing in lung cancer. Here we report the comparison of genomic characters between mouse and patient tumor tissues in lung cancer based on exome sequencing data. We established PDX mouse models for 132 lung cancer patients and performed whole exome sequencing for trio samples of tumor-normal-xenograft tissues. Then we computed the somatic mutations and copy number variations, which were used to compare the PDX and patient tumor tissues. Genomic and histological conclusions for validity of PDX models agreed in most cases, but we observed eight (~7%) discordant cases. We further examined the changes in mutations and copy number alterations in PDX model production and passage processes, which highlighted the clonal evolution in PDX mouse models. Our study shows that the genomic characterization plays complementary roles to the histological examination in cancer studies utilizing PDX mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Kim
- Department of Bio-information Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | | | - Jhingook Kim
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology (ERCSB) and Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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A unique CDK4/6 inhibitor: Current and future therapeutic strategies of abemaciclib. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104686. [PMID: 32068118 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle dysregulation, characterised by aberrant activation of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), is a hallmark of cancer. After years of research on the first and second generations of less selective CDK inhibitors with unfavourable clinical activity and toxicity profiles, CDK4/6 inhibitors become the first and only class of highly specific CDK inhibitors being approved for cancer treatment to date. CDK4/6 inhibitors have transformed the treatment paradigm of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, dramatically improving the survival outcomes of these patients when incorporated with conventional endocrine therapies in both the first and later-line settings. Currently, the efficacies of CDK4/6 inhibitors in other breast cancer subtypes and cancers are being actively explored. All three CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated very similar clinical efficacies. However, being the least similar structurally, abemaciclib is the only CDK4/6 inhibitor with single agent activity in refractory metastatic ER + breast cancer, the ability to cross the blood brain barrier efficiently, and a distinct toxicity profile of lower myelosuppression such that it can be dosed continuously. Here, we further discuss the distinguishing features of abemaciclib as compared to the other two CDK4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib and ribociclib. Besides being the most potent inhibitor of CDK4/6, abemaciclib exhibits a wider selectivity towards other CDKs and kinases, and functions through additional mechanisms of action besides inducing G1 cell cycle arrest, in a dose dependent manner. Hence, abemaciclib has the potential to act independently of the CDK4/6-cyclin D-RB pathway, resulting in crucial implications on the possibly expanded clinical indications and predictive biomarkers of abemaciclib, in contrast to the other CDK4/6 inhibitors. The current status of preclinical evidence and clinical studies of abemaciclib as a single agent and in combination treatment in breast and other cancers, together with its potential predictive biomarkers, is also summarised in this review.
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45
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Cosper PF, Abel L, Lee YS, Paz C, Kaushik S, Nickel KP, Alexandridis R, Scott JG, Bruce JY, Kimple RJ. Patient Derived Models to Study Head and Neck Cancer Radiation Response. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E419. [PMID: 32059418 PMCID: PMC7072508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived model systems are important tools for studying novel anti-cancer therapies. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have gained favor over the last 10 years as newer mouse strains have improved the success rate of establishing PDXs from patient biopsies. PDXs can be engrafted from head and neck cancer (HNC) samples across a wide range of cancer stages, retain the genetic features of their human source, and can be treated with both chemotherapy and radiation, allowing for clinically relevant studies. Not only do PDXs allow for the study of patient tissues in an in vivo model, they can also provide a renewable source of cancer cells for organoid cultures. Herein, we review the uses of HNC patient-derived models for radiation research, including approaches to establishing both orthotopic and heterotopic PDXs, approaches and potential pitfalls to delivering chemotherapy and radiation to these animal models, biological advantages and limitations, and alternatives to animal studies that still use patient-derived tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pippa F. Cosper
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.F.C.); (L.A.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.P.); (S.K.); (K.P.N.)
| | - Lindsey Abel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.F.C.); (L.A.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.P.); (S.K.); (K.P.N.)
| | - Yong-Syu Lee
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.F.C.); (L.A.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.P.); (S.K.); (K.P.N.)
| | - Cristina Paz
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.F.C.); (L.A.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.P.); (S.K.); (K.P.N.)
| | - Saakshi Kaushik
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.F.C.); (L.A.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.P.); (S.K.); (K.P.N.)
| | - Kwangok P. Nickel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (P.F.C.); (L.A.); (Y.-S.L.); (C.P.); (S.K.); (K.P.N.)
| | - Roxana Alexandridis
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Jacob G. Scott
- Departments of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research and Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Justine Y. Bruce
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Randall J. Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Sabatini ME, Chiocca S. Human papillomavirus as a driver of head and neck cancers. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:306-314. [PMID: 31708575 PMCID: PMC7000688 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) family includes more than 170 different types of virus that infect stratified epithelium. High-risk HPV is well established as the primary cause of cervical cancer, but in recent years, a clear role for this virus in other malignancies is also emerging. Indeed, HPV plays a pathogenic role in a subset of head and neck cancers-mostly cancers of the oropharynx-with distinct epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics compared with head and neck cancers not caused by HPV. This review summarises our current understanding of HPV in these cancers, specifically detailing HPV infection in head and neck cancers within different racial/ethnic subpopulations, and the differences in various aspects of these diseases between women and men. Finally, we provide an outlook for this disease, in terms of clinical management, and consider the issues of 'diagnostic biomarkers' and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Sabatini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Chiocca
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.
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Palbociclib: a new partner for cetuximab? Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:1195-1196. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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48
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Suhail Y, Cain MP, Vanaja K, Kurywchak PA, Levchenko A, Kalluri R, Kshitiz. Systems Biology of Cancer Metastasis. Cell Syst 2019; 9:109-127. [PMID: 31465728 PMCID: PMC6716621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is no longer viewed as a linear cascade of events but rather as a series of concurrent, partially overlapping processes, as successfully metastasizing cells assume new phenotypes while jettisoning older behaviors. The lack of a systemic understanding of this complex phenomenon has limited progress in developing treatments for metastatic disease. Because metastasis has traditionally been investigated in distinct physiological compartments, the integration of these complex and interlinked aspects remains a challenge for both systems-level experimental and computational modeling of metastasis. Here, we present some of the current perspectives on the complexity of cancer metastasis, the multiscale nature of its progression, and a systems-level view of the processes underlying the invasive spread of cancer cells. We also highlight the gaps in our current understanding of cancer metastasis as well as insights emerging from interdisciplinary systems biology approaches to understand this complex phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Suhail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Margo P Cain
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kiran Vanaja
- Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul A Kurywchak
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kshitiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
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49
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Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Breast Cancer and Their Application. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060621. [PMID: 31226846 PMCID: PMC6628218 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of many types of tumors including breast cancer have emerged as a powerful tool for predicting drug efficacy and for understanding tumor characteristics. PDXs are established by the direct transfer of human tumors into highly immunodeficient mice and then maintained by passaging from mouse to mouse. The ability of PDX models to maintain the original features of patient tumors and to reflect drug sensitivity has greatly improved both basic and clinical study outcomes. However, current PDX models cannot completely predict drug efficacy because they do not recapitulate the tumor microenvironment of origin, a failure which puts emphasis on the necessity for the development of the next generation PDX models. In this article, we summarize the advantages and limitations of current PDX models and discuss the future directions of this field.
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50
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Karamboulas C, Ailles L. Patient-derived xenografts: a promising resource for preclinical cancer research. Mol Cell Oncol 2019; 6:1558684. [PMID: 30788424 PMCID: PMC6370391 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1558684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft tumors retain molecular and histopathological features of the originating tumor and are useful preclinical tools for drug discovery and assessment. We recently reported that 'rapid' engraftment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma samples is highly prognostic and correlates with deregulation of the G1/S checkpoint. Tumors with genetic alterations in cyclinD1 (CCND1) and/or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) are more likely to respond to abemaciclib.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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