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Langwald SV, Ehrmann A, Sabantina L. Measuring Physical Properties of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats for Different Biomedical Applications. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:488. [PMID: 37233549 PMCID: PMC10220787 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofiber mats are nowadays often used for biotechnological and biomedical applications, such as wound healing or tissue engineering. While most studies concentrate on their chemical and biochemical properties, the physical properties are often measured without long explanations regarding the chosen methods. Here, we give an overview of typical measurements of topological features such as porosity, pore size, fiber diameter and orientation, hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties and water uptake, mechanical and electrical properties as well as water vapor and air permeability. Besides describing typically used methods with potential modifications, we suggest some low-cost methods as alternatives in cases where special equipment is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Vanessa Langwald
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Andrea Ehrmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Lilia Sabantina
- Faculty of Clothing Technology and Garment Engineering, School of Culture + Design, HTW Berlin—University of Applied Sciences, 12459 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Hadinejad F, Morad H, Jahanshahi M, Zarrabi A, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Mostafavi E. A Novel Vision of Reinforcing Nanofibrous Masks with Metal Nanoparticles: Antiviral Mechanisms Investigation. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2023; 5:1-45. [PMID: 37361103 PMCID: PMC10088653 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-023-00275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of spreading viral respiratory disease, especially in case of a pandemic such as coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), has been proved impossible without considering obligatory face mask-wearing protocols for both healthy and contaminated populations. The widespread application of face masks for long hours and almost everywhere increases the risks of bacterial growth in the warm and humid environment inside the mask. On the other hand, in the absence of antiviral agents on the surface of the mask, the virus may have a chance to stay alive and be carried to different places or even put the wearers at risk of contamination when touching or disposing the masks. In this article, the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of some of the potent metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in the role of promising virucidal agents have been reviewed, and incorporation of them in an electrospun nanofibrous structure has been considered an applicable method for the fabrication of innovative respiratory protecting materials with upgraded safety levels. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Hadinejad
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noushirvani University of Technology, Babol, 4714873113 Iran
| | - Hamed Morad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1475886973 Iran
- Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, 4691710001 Iran
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noushirvani University of Technology, Babol, 4714873113 Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396 Turkey
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535 Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535 Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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3
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Evans LM, Sözümert E, Keenan BE, Wood CE, du Plessis A. A Review of Image-Based Simulation Applications in High-Value Manufacturing. ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING : STATE OF THE ART REVIEWS 2023; 30:1495-1552. [PMID: 36685137 PMCID: PMC9847465 DOI: 10.1007/s11831-022-09836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Image-Based Simulation (IBSim) is the process by which a digital representation of a real geometry is generated from image data for the purpose of performing a simulation with greater accuracy than with idealised Computer Aided Design (CAD) based simulations. Whilst IBSim originates in the biomedical field, the wider adoption of imaging for non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE) within the High-Value Manufacturing (HVM) sector has allowed wider use of IBSim in recent years. IBSim is invaluable in scenarios where there exists a non-negligible variation between the 'as designed' and 'as manufactured' state of parts. It has also been used for characterisation of geometries too complex to accurately draw with CAD. IBSim simulations are unique to the geometry being imaged, therefore it is possible to perform part-specific virtual testing within batches of manufactured parts. This novel review presents the applications of IBSim within HVM, whereby HVM is the value provided by a manufactured part (or conversely the potential cost should the part fail) rather than the actual cost of manufacturing the part itself. Examples include fibre and aggregate composite materials, additive manufacturing, foams, and interface bonding such as welding. This review is divided into the following sections: Material Characterisation; Characterisation of Manufacturing Techniques; Impact of Deviations from Idealised Design Geometry on Product Design and Performance; Customisation and Personalisation of Products; IBSim in Biomimicry. Finally, conclusions are drawn, and observations made on future trends based on the current state of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llion Marc Evans
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA1 8EN UK
- United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB UK
| | - Emrah Sözümert
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA1 8EN UK
| | - Bethany E. Keenan
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA UK
| | - Charles E. Wood
- School of Mechanical & Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ UK
| | - Anton du Plessis
- Object Research Systems, Montreal, H3B 1A7 Canada
- Research Group 3DInnovation, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602 South Africa
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4
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Pang C, You H, Liang L, Li Z, Lin X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Pan X, Hu Y, Chen Y, Luo X, Wang H. Bamboo pulp-based electret fiber aerogel with enhanced electret performance by P-phenylenediamine modification for simulated radioactive aerosol purification in confined spaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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A Review of the Fabrication Methods, Testing, and Performance of Face Masks. INT J POLYM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2161869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement in the performance and compatibility of face masks has remained the focus of researchers in recent years, especially after the emergence of the COVID pandemic. Although a lot of progress in the design, tolerability, and comfort of the mask has been reported, there are certain limitations, requiring further improvement. The present review aims to highlight the filtration efficacy, comfort, and associated characteristic of various types of face masks and respirators as a function of their design and structure. In addition, the air pollutants, their adverse effects on health, certified respirators, and face masks are also discussed. The present review also provides an insight into different types of commercially available face masks in terms of their materials, filtration efficiency, and limitations. The role of emerging trends (such as nanotechnology and high-performance polymers) in the improvement and development of face masks and respirators is also discussed.
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6
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Zhang X, Liu J. Operating resistance prediction of non-flat HEPA filters. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Cellulose for the Production of Air-Filtering Systems: A Critical Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030976. [PMID: 35160922 PMCID: PMC8839425 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The control of airborne contaminants is of great interest in improving air quality, which has deteriorated more and more in recent years due to strong industrial growth. In the last decades, cellulose has been largely proposed as suitable feedstock to build up eco-friendly materials for a wide range of applications. Herein, the issue regarding the use of cellulose to develop air-filtering systems is addressed. The review covers different cellulose-based solutions, ranging from aerogels and foams to membranes and films, and to composites, considering either particulate filtration (PM10, PM2.5, and PM0.3) or gas and water permeation. The proposed solutions were evaluated on the bases of their quality factor (QF), whose high value (at least of 0.01 Pa-1 referred to commercial HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filters) guarantees the best compromise between high filtration efficiency (>99%) and low pressure drop (<1 kPa/g). To face this aspect, we first analyzed the different morphological aspects which can improve the final filtration performance, outlining the importance on using nanofibers not only to increase surface area and to modulate porosity in final solutions, but also as reinforcement of filters made of different materials. Besides the description of technological approaches to improve the mechanical filtration, selected examples show the importance of the chemical interaction, promoted by the introduction of active functional groups on cellulose (nano)fibers backbone, to improve filtration efficiency without reducing filter porosity.
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Opálková Šišková A, Pleva P, Hrůza J, Frajová J, Sedlaříková J, Peer P, Kleinová A, Janalíková M. Reuse of Textile Waste to Production of the Fibrous Antibacterial Membrane with Filtration Potential. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:50. [PMID: 35010000 PMCID: PMC8746662 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Wasted synthetic fabrics are a type of textile waste source; the reuse of them brings environmental protection and turns waste into a valuable material. In this work, the used nylon (polyamide) stockings were transmuted into a fine fibrous membrane via an electrospinning process. In addition, the safety antibacterial agent, monoacylglycerol (MAG), was incorporated into a recycled fibrous membrane. The results revealed that the neat, recycled polyamide (rPA) fibers with a hydrophobic surface could be converted into hydrophilic fibers by blending various amounts of MAG with rPA solution prior to electrospinning. The filtration efficiency and air/water vapor permeability of the two types of produced membranes, neat rPA, and rPA/MAG, were tested. Their filtration efficiency (E100) was more than 92% and 96%, respectively. The membranes were classified according to Standard EN1822, and therefore, the membranes rPA and rPA/MAG were assigned to the classes E10 and E11, respectively. The air permeability was not affected by the addition of MAG, and water vapor permeability was slightly enhanced. Based on the obtained data, prepared rPA/MAG fibrous membranes can be evaluated as antifouling against both tested bacterial strains and antimicrobial against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Opálková Šišková
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 13 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Polymer Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Pavel Pleva
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (M.J.)
| | - Jakub Hrůza
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Jaroslava Frajová
- Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Jana Sedlaříková
- Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic;
| | - Petra Peer
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (M.J.)
| | - Angela Kleinová
- Polymer Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Magda Janalíková
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 275, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (M.J.)
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Zhang H, Xie Y, Song Y, Qin X. Preparation of high-temperature resistant poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers membrane for air filtration. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Li Y, Yuan D, Geng Q, Yang X, Wu H, Xie Y, Wang L, Ning X, Ming J. MOF-Embedded Bifunctional Composite Nanofiber Membranes with a Tunable Hierarchical Structure for High-Efficiency PM 0.3 Purification and Oil/Water Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39831-39843. [PMID: 34374511 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a unique hierarchically structured composite nanofiber membrane, consisting of a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8-embedded polyethersulfone (PES@ZIF8) fiber layer and a polysulfonamide/polyethersulfone (PSA/PES) fiber layer, was successfully developed to cope with the complex environments during the actual filtration/separation process and overcome the conflict between high filtration efficiency and low air pressure resistance. Due to the advantages of the synergistic effect of multicomponents and the bi-layer hierarchical structure, the integrated PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES filter possesses an extremely high air filtration efficiency (up to 99.986%) under a very low pressure drop (only 15 Pa), superior PM0.3 purification capacity (close to 99.95%), long-term recycling ability for purifying real smoke PM2.5 from >800 to <10 μg/m3, extremely high temperature resistance (exceed 200 °C), flame retardancy, good chemical stability, satisfactory transmittance, and robust self-cleaning ability. Apart from these, it achieves effective separation of oil-water mixtures and oil-water emulsions as a result of selective wettability including hydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. In particular, the PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES nanofiber membranes maintain outstanding air filtration and oil/water separation properties under the high temperature or strong acid/alkali conditions. This special comprehensive performance gives the PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES-based filtration/separation membranes a wider application prospect ranging from environmental governance to individual protection and industrial security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajian Li
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qian Geng
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Huizhi Wu
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Xie
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Liming Wang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ning
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jinfa Ming
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
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12
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Archer B, Shaumbwa VR, Liu D, Li M, Iimaa T, Surenjav U. Nanofibrous Mats for Particulate Matter Filtration. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bright Archer
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Veino Risto Shaumbwa
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Dagang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Minyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Tuyajargal Iimaa
- National Center for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, 13381, Mongolia
| | - Unursaikhan Surenjav
- National Center for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, 13381, Mongolia
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13
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Mechanisms of performance degradation and efficiency improvement of electret filters during neutral particle loading. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Jiang J, Shao Z, Wang X, Zhu P, Deng S, Li W, Zheng G. Three-dimensional composite electrospun nanofibrous membrane by multi-jet electrospinning with sheath gas for high-efficiency antibiosis air filtration. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:245707. [PMID: 33657545 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abeb9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) composite polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibrous membranes combining both thick and thin nanofibers have been fabricated by the method of multi-jet electrospinning with sheath gas to realize high-efficiency air filtration under a low pressure drop. The thin PAN nanofibers form a dense membrane, with a strong capturing ability on the ultra-fine particles, while the thick PVDF nanofibers play a 3D supporting effect on the thin PAN nanofibers. In this case, the combination results in a fluffy membrane with higher porosity, which could achieve the airflow passing through the membrane without the air pressure drop. The effects of the composite manner of thick nanofibers and thin nanofibers are investigated, in order to optimize the air filtration performance of the 3D composite nanofibrous membrane. As a result, the maximum quality factor for air filtration could reach up to 0.398 Pa-1. The particle-fiber interaction model was used to simulate the air filtration process as well, and the simulation results were fairly consistent with the experimental results, providing a guidance method for the optimization of composite nanofibrous membrane for high-efficiency air filtration. More interestingly, a cationic poly[2-(N,N-dimethyl amino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) was added in the PVDF solution to obtain a composite air filtration membrane with excellent antibiosis performance, which achieved the highest inhibition rate of approximately 90%. In short, this work provides an effective way to promote antibiosis air filtration performance by using an electrospun nanofibrous membrane, and might also effectively accelerate the biological protection application of current air filtration membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Jiang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zungui Shao
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Deng
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwang Li
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
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15
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He Y, Deng N, Xin B, Liu L. 3D microstructure reconstruction of nonwoven fabrics based on depth from focus. Micron 2021; 144:103035. [PMID: 33662806 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2021.103035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The filtration properties of nonwoven fabrics mainly depend on the fiber structure and alignment, which is difficult to be determined by using traditional methods. It is necessary to develop some new imaging method to characterize the 3D microstructure of nonwovens instead of simple 2D imaging of fabric surface appearance. In this paper, a novel method based on depth from focus is introduced to reconstruct three-dimensional microstructure of nonwoven fabrics. Firstly, a self-developed micro imaging system is established to capture the image sequence of the nonwoven fabric specimen, to be used for further reconstruction of a 3D model. Secondly, a depth from focus algorithm is developed to generate the depth map from image sequences. Thirdly, each fiber segment is located and identified by regional growth and the missing parts caused by occlusion could be restored. Fourthly, central the axis of the fiber is extracted by a thinning algorithm and polynomial curve fitting. Finally, the fiber radius is calculated and 3D model reconstructed using a ball whose sphere center rolls along the central axis. Our experimental results show that the real three-dimensional microstructure of nonwovens can be reconstructed well by using this new depth from focus method, which is very useful for the accurate modeling and analysis of nonwoven fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Deng
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Binjie Xin
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lulu Liu
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
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16
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Choi S, Jeon H, Jang M, Kim H, Shin G, Koo JM, Lee M, Sung HK, Eom Y, Yang H, Jegal J, Park J, Oh DX, Hwang SY. Biodegradable, Efficient, and Breathable Multi-Use Face Mask Filter. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003155. [PMID: 33747729 PMCID: PMC7967051 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The demand for face masks is increasing exponentially due to the coronavirus pandemic and issues associated with airborne particulate matter (PM). However, both conventional electrostatic- and nanosieve-based mask filters are single-use and are not degradable or recyclable, which creates serious waste problems. In addition, the former loses function under humid conditions, while the latter operates with a significant air-pressure drop and suffers from relatively fast pore blockage. Herein, a biodegradable, moisture-resistant, highly breathable, and high-performance fibrous mask filter is developed. Briefly, two biodegradable microfiber and nanofiber mats are integrated into a Janus membrane filter and then coated by cationically charged chitosan nanowhiskers. This filter is as efficient as the commercial N95 filter and removes 98.3% of 2.5 µm PM. The nanofiber physically sieves fine PM and the microfiber provides a low pressure differential of 59 Pa, which is comfortable for human breathing. In contrast to the dramatic performance decline of the commercial N95 filter when exposed to moisture, this filter exhibits negligible performance loss and is therefore multi-usable because the permanent dipoles of the chitosan adsorb ultrafine PM (e.g., nitrogen and sulfur oxides). Importantly, this filter completely decomposes within 4 weeks in composting soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejin Choi
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonyeol Jeon
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Kim
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoung Shin
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Mo Koo
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Lee
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Sung
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Youngho Eom
- Department of Polymer EngineeringPukyong National UniversityBusan48513Republic of Korea
| | - Ho‐Sung Yang
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggeon Jegal
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyoung Park
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology (UST)Daejeon34113Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeop X. Oh
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology (UST)Daejeon34113Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Hwang
- Research Center for Bio‐Based ChemistryKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)Ulsan44429Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology (UST)Daejeon34113Republic of Korea
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17
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Jazie AA, Albaaji AJ, Abed SA. A review on recent trends of antiviral nanoparticles and airborne filters: special insight on COVID-19 virus. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2021; 14:1811-1824. [PMID: 34178182 PMCID: PMC8211456 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-021-01055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic in the last 4 months stimulates the international scientific community to search for vaccine of antiviral agents suitable for in activating the virus inside and outside the human body. More than 4 million people globally are infected by the virus and about 300,000 dead cases until this moment. The ventilation and airborne filters are also investigated aiming to develop an efficient antiviral filtration technology. Human secretion of the infected person as nasal or saliva droplets goes as airborne and distributes the virus everywhere around the person. N95 and N98 filters are the must use filters for capturing particles of sizes around 300 nm. The average size of the novel corona virus (COVID-19) is 100 nm and there is no standard or special filter suitable for this virus. The nanoparticle-coated airborne filter is a suitable technique in this regard. While the efficiency of this type of filters still needs to be enhanced, new developed nanofiber filters are proposed. Most recently, the charged nanofiber filters of sizes below 100 nm are developed and provide an efficient viral filtration and inactivation. The efficiency of filter must be kept at accepted level without increasing the pressure drop. The present review outlines the most efficient antiviral nanoparticles including the recent functional nanoparticles. The filtration theory, filtration modeling, filter testing, and different types of filter with special concentration on the charged nanofiber filter were discussed. The charged nanofiber filter able to capture novel corona virus (COVID-19) with 94% efficiency and a pressure drop less than 20 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Jazie
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Amar J. Albaaji
- Materials Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Suhad A. Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
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18
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Bai H, Qian X, Fan J, Shi Y, Duo Y, Guo C, Wang X. Theoretical Model of Single Fiber Efficiency and the Effect of Microstructure on Fibrous Filtration Performance: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Bai
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaoming Qian
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jintu Fan
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yunlong Shi
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yongchao Duo
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Changsheng Guo
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
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19
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Xu Q, Wang G, Xiang C, Cong X, Gai X, Zhang S, Zhang M, Zhang H, Luan J. Preparation of a novel poly (ether ether ketone) nonwoven filter and its application in harsh conditions for dust removal. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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20
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Tucny J, Vidal D, Drolet F, Bertrand F. Impact of multilayering on the filtration performance of clean air filter media. CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Michel Tucny
- Chemical Engineering Department Polytechnique Montréal, URPEI Montréal Quebec Canada
| | - David Vidal
- Mechanical Engineering Department Polytechnique Montréal, URPEI Montréal Quebec Canada
| | - François Drolet
- Next Generation Processes FPInnovations Pointe‐Claire Quebec Canada
| | - François Bertrand
- Chemical Engineering Department Polytechnique Montréal, URPEI Montréal Quebec Canada
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21
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Zhou M, Hu M, Quan Z, Zhang H, Qin X, Wang R, Yu J. Polyacrylonitrile/polyimide composite sub-micro fibrous membranes for precise filtration of PM 0.26 pollutants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:195-206. [PMID: 32526523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) pollution has enormously threatened ecosystem and public health. Among various air filtration medium, fibrous ones are very attracting and promising, with an array of advantages such as high specific surface area, and good internal connectivity. Even so, the large-scale fabrication of fibrous filtration materials still remains challenging. Here, three-dimensional polyacrylonitrile/polyimide (PAN/PI) composite sub-micro fibrous membranes were fabricated facilely via free surface electrospinning for precise filtration of PM0.26 pollutants, where the waste PI short fibers were utilized as raw material. The resultant composite fibrous membranes, featuring thin fiber diameter (~150 nm), low areal density (<0.8 g m-2), large porosity, and highly tortuous airflow channels with uniform poresize distribution, possessed excellent mechanical property with tensile strength of 4.95 MPa (twice that of pristine PAN), high thermal durability as well as remarkable filtration performance for ultrafine NaCl aerosol particles (≤0.26 µm) even after multiple filtration tests at high airflow velocity of 14.1 cm s-1. The deepened aperture channels inside three-dimensional sub-micro fibrous membranes are tortuous enough for capturing ultrafine PMs from the airstream mainly via diffusion, interception, and impaction mechanisms, and the reported large-scale fabrication of cost-effective homogeneous PAN/PI fibrous filter media is promising for industrial production and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Min Hu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaohong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Rongwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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22
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Wang LY, Yu LE, Chung TS. Effects of relative humidity, particle hygroscopicity, and filter hydrophilicity on filtration performance of hollow fiber air filters. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Kadam V, Kyratzis IL, Truong YB, Schutz J, Wang L, Padhye R. Electrospun bilayer nanomembrane with hierarchical placement of bead-on-string and fibers for low resistance respiratory air filtration. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Tang X, Zhao S, Feng S, Zhong Z, Xing W. Exploring the Key Factors in Dusty Gas Filtration: Experimental and Modeling Studies. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuaifei Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shasha Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weihong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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25
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Ma XYD, Ang JM, Zhang Y, Zeng Z, Zhao C, Chen F, Ng BF, Wan MP, Wong SC, Li Z, He C, Lu X. Highly porous polymer nanofibrous aerogels cross-linked via spontaneous inter-fiber stereocomplexation and their potential for capturing ultrafine airborne particles. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Cai RR, Lu H, Zhang LZ. Evaluation the effect of fiber alignment on particle collection performance of mechanical/electret filters based on Voronoi tessellations. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Al-Attabi R, Morsi Y, Schütz JA, Dumée LF. One-pot synthesis of catalytic molybdenum based nanocomposite nano-fiber membranes for aerosol air remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:725-733. [PMID: 30092529 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of fibrous air filters exhibiting high air filtration efficiency, low energy consumption, and self-cleaning properties is a critical challenge to generate the next generation of resilient air filtration systems. Nano-fibrous mats typically exhibit higher particle capture efficiency but may also lead to higher airflow resistance compared to macro-fibrous materials due to their tighter structure. In this paper, novel catalytic membranes mats were fabricated through a one-pot synthesis from ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATTM) doped poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) nanofibers for sub-micron diameter aerosol particle removal. The presence of ATTM as a dopant in conjunction with a PAN polymeric matrix was found to not only enhance the air filtration performance by increasing aerosol particle removal down to 300 nm, but also increase the photocatalytic properties of the PAN material. The enhanced separation properties compared to bare polymeric PAN nanofibrous membranes were attributed to surface nanotexturation of the fibers, leading to protrusions and pores across the nano-fiber structures, thus leading to more permeable and lightweight membranes with higher particle capture capacities. The samples were benchmarked against commercial glass fiber air filters and found to offer higher filtration efficiency, lower pressure drop, and higher quality factor than the commercial filters. Specifically, the quality factors of the catalytic nano-fiber membranes were found to be up to four times higher than that of the benchmarked commercial air filters for PM2.5 particles, while two times higher for 300 nm sized contaminants. The presence of the ATTM across the PAN matrix was also found to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the membranes by up to 130% compared to the bare PAN reference nanofibers. This novel strategy opens avenues to engineering advanced multifunctional catalytic membranes, to capture toxic particulate matter from air while offering self-cleaning properties when exposed to sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyadh Al-Attabi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia; Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; Middle Technical University, Al-Za'franiya, Baghdad 10074, Iraq.
| | - Yosry Morsi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
| | - Jürg A Schütz
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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28
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Kang S, Lee H, Kim SC, Chen DR, Pui DY. Modeling of fibrous filter media for ultrafine particle filtration. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Wang L, Cui L, Liu Y, Riedel J, Qian X, Liu Y. Electrospun polyimide nanofiber-coated polyimide nonwoven fabric for hot gas filtration. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0263617418807111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, heat-endurable polyimide nanofibrous membrane-coated commercial polyimide nonwoven fabrics were prepared by electrospinning synthesized polyamic acid solution on polyimide mats followed by a thermal imidization process. Polyimide synthesized was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis tests. A higher viscosity of precursor solution resulted in a nanofibrous network coated on the nonwoven fabrics. The coated filter showed lower dimension of pores and greater portion of small pores. The proportion of pores less than 10 µm reached as high as 71.2%. PM2.5 removal efficiency was increased from 81.4 to 97.2%. However, the pressure drop of air flow over the filters did not show significant changes. It suggested a facile method to improve the filtration performance of commercial polyimide nonwoven fabric filters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongsheng Liu
- Tianjin Polytechnic University, China; Lantian Huanbao Co. Ltd, China
| | | | | | - Yong Liu
- Tianjin Polytechnic University, China
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30
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Xu C, Fang J, Low ZX, Feng S, Hu M, Zhong Z, Xing W. Amphiphobic PFTMS@nano-SiO2/ePTFE Membrane for Oil Aerosol Removal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ze-Xian Low
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Shasha Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weihong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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31
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Air filtration performance of symmetric polypropylene hollow-fibre membranes for nanoparticle removal. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Deuber F, Mousavi S, Federer L, Hofer M, Adlhart C. Exploration of Ultralight Nanofiber Aerogels as Particle Filters: Capacity and Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:9069-9076. [PMID: 29481046 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultralight nanofiber aerogels (NFAs) or nanofiber sponges are a truly three-dimensional derivative of the intrinsically flat electrospun nanofiber mats or membranes (NFMs). Here we investigated the potential of such materials for particle or aerosol filtration because particle filtration is a major application of NFMs. Ultralight NFAs were synthesized from electrospun nanofibers using a solid-templating technique. These materials had a tunable hierarchical cellular open-pore structure. We observed high filtration efficiencies of up to 99.999% at the most penetrating particle size. By tailoring the porosity of the NFAs through the processing parameters, we were able to adjust the number of permeated particles by a factor of 1000 and the pressure drop by a factor of 9. These NFAs acted as a deep-bed filter, and they were capable of handling high dust loadings without any indication of performance loss or an increase in the pressure drop. When the face velocity was increased from 0.75 to 6 cm s-1, the filtration efficiency remained high within a factor of 1.1-10. Both characteristics were in contrast to the behavior of two commercial NFM particle filters, which showed significant increases in the pressure drop with the filtration time as well as a susceptibility against high face velocities by a factor of 105.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Deuber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , Einsiedlerstrasse 31 , 8820 Wädenswil , Switzerland
| | - Sara Mousavi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , Einsiedlerstrasse 31 , 8820 Wädenswil , Switzerland
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Sistan and Baluchestan , University Boulevard , P.O. Box 98155-987, Zahedan , Iran
| | - Lukas Federer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , Einsiedlerstrasse 31 , 8820 Wädenswil , Switzerland
| | - Marco Hofer
- Incident Response and Individual Protection Branch , Federal Office for Civil Protection , Labor Spiez, Austrasse , 3700 Spiez , Switzerland
| | - Christian Adlhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , Einsiedlerstrasse 31 , 8820 Wädenswil , Switzerland
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33
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Aguilar J, Cordobés F, Raymundo A, Guerrero A. Thermal gelation of mixed egg yolk/kappa-carrageenan dispersions. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 161:172-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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Zhang S, Liu H, Zuo F, Yin X, Yu J, Ding B. A Controlled Design of Ripple-Like Polyamide-6 Nanofiber/Nets Membrane for High-Efficiency Air Filter. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603151. [PMID: 28060451 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The filtration capacity of fibrous media for airborne particles is restricted by their thick diameter, low porosity, and limited frontal area. The ability to solve this problem would have broad technological implications for various air filtration applications; despite many past efforts, it remains a great challenge to achieve. Herein, a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate the ripple-like polyamide-6 nanofiber/nets (PA-6 NF/N) air filter via combining electrospinning/netting technique with receiving substrate design is demonstrated. This proposed approach allows the scaffold filaments to orderly embed into 2D PA-6 nanonets layer with Steiner-tree structures and nanoscale diameter of ≈20 nm, resulting in the ripple-like membrane with extremely small pore size, highly porous structure, and hugely extended frontal surface, by facilely adjusting its pleat span and pleat pitch. These unique structural advantages enable the ripple-like PA-6 NF/N filter to filtrate the ultrafine particles with high removal efficiency of 99.996%, low air resistance of 95 Pa, and robust quality factor of >0.11 Pa-1 ; using its superlight weight of 0.9 g m-2 and physical sieving manner. This approach has the potentialities to give rise to a novel generation of filter media displaying enhanced filtration capacity for various applications thanks to their nanoscale features and designed macrostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fenglei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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35
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Tailoring Mechanically Robust Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) Nanofiber/nets for Ultrathin High-Efficiency Air Filter. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40550. [PMID: 28074880 PMCID: PMC5225417 DOI: 10.1038/srep40550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective promotion of air filtration applications proposed for fibers requires their real nanoscale diameter, optimized pore structure, and high service strength; however, creating such filter medium has proved to be a tremendous challenge. This study first establishes a strategy to design and fabricate novel poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) nanofiber/nets (PMIA NF/N) air filter via electrospinning/netting. Our strategy results in generation of a bimodal structure including a scaffold of nanofibers and abundant two-dimensional ultrathin (~20 nm) nanonets to synchronously construct PMIA filters by combining solution optimization, humidity regulation, and additive inspiration. Benefiting from the structural features including the true nanoscale diameter, small pore size, high porosity, and nets bonding contributed by the widely distributed nanonets, our PMIA NF/N filter exhibits the integrated properties of superlight weight (0.365 g m−2), ultrathin thickness (~0.5 μm), and high tensile strength (72.8 MPa) for effective air filtration, achieving the ultra-low penetration air filter level of 99.999% and low pressure drop of 92 Pa for 300–500 nm particles by sieving mechanism. The successful synthesis of PMIA NF/N would not only provide a promising medium for particle filtration, but also develop a versatile platform for exploring the application of nanonets in structural enhancement, separation and purification.
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36
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Zhang S, Tang N, Cao L, Yin X, Yu J, Ding B. Highly Integrated Polysulfone/Polyacrylonitrile/Polyamide-6 Air Filter for Multilevel Physical Sieving Airborne Particles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:29062-29072. [PMID: 27700022 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rational structural design involving controlled pore size, high porosity, and particle-targeted function is critical to the realization of highly efficient air filters, and the filter with absolute particle-screen ability has significant technological implications for applications including individual protection, industrial security, and environmental governance; however, it remains an ongoing challenge. In this study, we first report a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate the highly integrated polysulfone/polyacrylonitrile/polyamide-6 (PSU/PAN/PA-6) air filter for multilevel physical sieving airborne particles via sequential electrospinning. Our strategy causes the PSU microfiber (diameter of ∼1 μm) layer, PAN nanofiber (diameter of ∼200 nm) layer, and PA-6 nanonets (diameter of ∼20 nm) layer to orderly assemble into the integrated filter with gradually varied pore structures and high porosity and thus enables the filter to work efficiently by employing different layers to cut off penetration of particles with a certain size that exceeds the designed threshold level. By virtue of its elaborate gradient structure, robust hydrophobicity (WCA of ∼130°), and superior mechanical property (5.6 MPa), our PSU/PAN/PA-6 filter even can filtrate the 300 nm particles with a high removal efficiency of 99.992% and a low pressure drop of 118 Pa in the way of physical sieving manner, which completely gets rid of the negative impact from high airflow speed, electret failure, and high humidity. It is expected that our highly integrated filter has wider applications for filtration and separation and design of 3D functional structure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Leitao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
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Slip-Effect Functional Air Filter for Efficient Purification of PM 2.5. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35472. [PMID: 27748419 PMCID: PMC5066256 DOI: 10.1038/srep35472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabrication of air filtration materials (AFM) that allow air to easily flow through while retaining particles is a significant and urgent need due to the harmful airborne particulate matter pollution; however, this is still a challenging research area. Herein, we report novel slip-effect functional nanofibrous membranes with decreased air resistance (reduction rate of 40%) due to the slip flow of air molecules on the periphery of nanofibers. This was achieved through careful control over the diameters of electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers and aperture size of fiber assembly. Fiber assembly with 86% of fiber diameters between 60–100 nm was found to be most effective for slip flow, as these diameters are close to the mean free path of air molecules (65.3 nm). Significantly, an equilibrium factor τ = df/d2 has been introduced to elucidate the effect of distance of adjacent fibers on the drag force of airflow. Furthermore, the most effective aperture size (>3.5 μm) for slip-effect has been determined. Ultimately, the new material displayed low air resistance of 29.5 Pa, high purification efficiency of 99.09%, good transmittance of 77%, and long service life. The successful fabrication of such materials can facilitate the development of high-performance AFMs for various applications.
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Synthesis and filtration properties of polyimide nanofiber membrane/carbon woven fabric sandwiched hot gas filters for removal of PM 2.5 particles. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pelíšková M, Slobodian P, Sedlařík V, Zatloukal M, Kuřitka I. Electrospun polyurethane membrane with Ag/ZnO microparticles as an antibacterial surface on polyurethane sheets. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Pelíšková
- Centre of Polymer Systems; University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín; Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology; Tomas Bata University in Zlín; T. G. Masaryka 275 762 72 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slobodian
- Centre of Polymer Systems; University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín; Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology; Tomas Bata University in Zlín; T. G. Masaryka 275 762 72 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Sedlařík
- Centre of Polymer Systems; University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín; Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology; Tomas Bata University in Zlín; T. G. Masaryka 275 762 72 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Martin Zatloukal
- Centre of Polymer Systems; University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín; Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology; Tomas Bata University in Zlín; T. G. Masaryka 275 762 72 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Kuřitka
- Centre of Polymer Systems; University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín; Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology; Tomas Bata University in Zlín; T. G. Masaryka 275 762 72 Zlín Czech Republic
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Synthesis and evaluation of straight and bead-free nanofibers for improved aerosol filtration. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhong Z, Xu Z, Sheng T, Yao J, Xing W, Wang Y. Unusual Air Filters with Ultrahigh Efficiency and Antibacterial Functionality Enabled by ZnO Nanorods. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21538-21544. [PMID: 26360532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Porous membranes/filters that can remove airborne fine particulates, for example, PM2.5, with high efficiency at low energy consumption are of significant interest. Herein, we report on the fabrication of a new class of unusual superior air filters with ultrahigh efficiency and an interesting antibacterial functionality. We use atomic layer deposition (ALD) to uniformly seed ZnO on the surface of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) matrix, and then synthesize well-aligned ZnO nanorods with tunable widths and lengths from the seeds under hydrothermal conditions. The presence of ZnO nanorods reduces the effective pore sizes of the ePTFE filters at little expense of energy consumption. As a consequence, the filters exhibit exceptional dust removal efficiencies greater than 99.9999% with much lower energy consumption than conventional filters. Significantly, the presence of ZnO nanorods strongly inhibits the propagation of both Gram positive and negative bacteria on the filters. Therefore, the functionalized filters can potentially overcome the inherent limitation in the trade-off effect and imply their superiority for controlling indoor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Specialized Separation Membranes, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Specialized Separation Membranes, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Specialized Separation Membranes, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianfeng Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weihong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Specialized Separation Membranes, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Specialized Separation Membranes, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009, China
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Liu B, Zhang S, Wang X, Yu J, Ding B. Efficient and reusable polyamide-56 nanofiber/nets membrane with bimodal structures for air filtration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 457:203-11. [PMID: 26188726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibrous media that both possess high airborne particle interception efficiency and robust air permeability would have broad technological implications for areas ranging from individual protection and industrial security to environmental governance; however, creating such filtration media has proved extremely challenging. Here we report a strategy to construct the bio-based polyamide-56 nanofiber/nets (PA-56 NFN) membranes with bimodal structures for effective air filtration via one-step electrospinning/netting. The PA-56 membranes are composed of completely covered two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin (∼20 nm) nanonets which are optimized by facilely regulating the solution concentration, and the bonded scaffold fibers constructed cavity structures which are synchronously created by using the CH3COOH inspiration. With integrated properties of small aperture, high porosity, and bonded scaffold, the resulting PA-56 NFN membranes exhibit high filtration efficiency of 99.995%, low pressure drop of 111 Pa, combined with large dust holding capacity of 49 g/m(2) and dust-cleaning regeneration ability, for filtrating ultrafine airborne particles in the most safe manner involving sieving principle and surface filtration. The successful synthesis of PA-56 NFN medium would not only make it a promising candidate for air filtration, but also provide new insights into the design and development of nanonet-based bimodal structures for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Nanomaterials Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Nanomaterials Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Li P, Wang C, Zhang Y, Wei F. Air filtration in the free molecular flow regime: a review of high-efficiency particulate air filters based on carbon nanotubes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:4543-61. [PMID: 25288476 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Air filtration in the free molecular flow (FMF) regime is important and challenging because a higher filtration efficiency and lower pressure drop are obtained when the fiber diameter is smaller than the gas mean free path in the FMF regime. In previous studies, FMF conditions have been obtained by increasing the gas mean free path through reducing the pressure and increasing the temperature. In the case of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with nanoscale diameters, it is possible to filtrate in the FMF regime under normal conditions. This paper reviews recent progress in theoretical and experimental studies of air filtration in the FMF regime. Typical structure models of high-efficiency particulate (HEPA) air filters based on CNTs are introduced. The pressure drop in air filters operated in the FMF regime is less than that predicted by the conventional air filtration theory. The thinnest HEPA filters fabricated from single-walled CNT films have an extremely low pressure drop. CNT air filters with a gradient nanostructure are shown to give a much better filtration performance in dynamic filtration. CNT air filters with a hierarchical structure and an agglomerated CNT fluidized bed air filter are also introduced. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for the application of CNTs in air filtration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Jibei Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jibei Electric Power Company Limited, Beijing, 100045, China
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Li P, Zong Y, Zhang Y, Yang M, Zhang R, Li S, Wei F. In situ fabrication of depth-type hierarchical CNT/quartz fiber filters for high efficiency filtration of sub-micron aerosols and high water repellency. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:3367-3372. [PMID: 23467703 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr34325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We fabricated depth-type hierarchical CNT/quartz fiber (QF) filters through in situ growth of CNTs upon quartz fiber (QF) filters using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The filter specific area of the CNT/QF filters is more than 12 times higher than that of the pristine QF filters. As a result, the penetration of sub-micron aerosols for CNT/QF filters is reduced by two orders of magnitude, which reaches the standard of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. Simultaneously, due to the fluffy brush-like hierarchical structure of CNTs on QFs, the pore size of the hybrid filters only has a small increment. The pressure drop across the CNT/QF filters only increases about 50% with respect to that of the pristine QF filters, leading to an obvious increased quality factor of the CNT/QF filters. Scanning electron microscope images reveal that CNTs are very efficient in capturing sub-micron aerosols. Moreover, the CNT/QF filters show high water repellency, implying their superiority for applications in humid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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