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Huang N, Zhang S, Mu Y, Yu Y, Riem MME, Guo J. Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Increase or Decrease the Global Cyberbullying Behaviors? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:1018-1035. [PMID: 37177992 PMCID: PMC10185480 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231171185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Although cyberbullying is an emerging public health problem, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic affects cyberbullying. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cyberbullying, to estimate the global cyberbullying prevalence and to explore factors related to cyberbullying during the COVID-19 pandemic. We searched the Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Eric, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, Chinese CNKI, and EBSCO databases to identify relevant empirical studies published between 2019 and 2022. A total of 36 studies were included. Quality assessment, meta-analyses, and subgroup analyses were conducted. The pooled prevalences were 16% for overall cyberbullying, 18% for victimization and 11% for perpetration during the COVID-19 pandemic, which were lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic. The pooled prevalence of postpandemic cyberbullying perpetration is lower in children than in adults. In addition, both virus- and lockdown-related stressors were the main factors contributing to cyberbullying. The COVID-19 crisis may reduce cyberbullying, and the pooled prevalence of cyberbullying during the pandemic in adults is higher than in children and adolescents. In addition, the transient-enduring factor model of postpandemic cyberbullying built in this review could help identify people at high risk of cyberbullying during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yakun Mu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yebo Yu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Madelon M. E. Riem
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud
University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Jing Guo
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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2
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Fernández Herrerías AI, Jiménez Torres MG, Terrón PD, Moreno Guerrero AJ. Cyberaggression and cybervictimisation in adolescents: Bibliometric analysis in web of science. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23329. [PMID: 38163220 PMCID: PMC10755047 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide new trends of online cyberbullying are emerging that impact on health and are a factor in adolescent suicide. The objective of this study is to know the development of scientific production and to compare the current trends that encompass the concepts of cyberaggression in young people (CAY) and cybervictimisation in young people (CVY). The methodology used in this study was descriptive with a bibliometric analysis on CAY with 481 documents and CVY with 1087 documents, in addition to a co-word analysis of both terms from the years 2017-2021. These data were extracted from the Web of Science database and network maps were made using VOSviewer software. The results show that the terms CAY and CVY were born in 2006 and have had a different evolutionary progression in the scientific literature until 2021, in addition, the area of psychology stands out with more research on other areas, developed countries are the ones that carry out more studies of CAY and CVY and that the term "suicide" is the most prominent term since 2018 from the CVY. Finally, a discussion and conclusion of the results was made, which can serve as a turning point for future lines of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Gabriel Jiménez Torres
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Pablo Dúo Terrón
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies Applied to Education, Faculty of Education, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), 26006, Spain
| | - Antonio José Moreno Guerrero
- Department of Didactics and School Organization, Faculty of Education, Economics and Technology of University of Granada, 51001, Spain
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Lin HT, Tai YM, Gau SSF. Autistic Traits and Cyberbullying Involvement Mediated by Psychopathologies and School Functions in a Nationally Representative Child Sample. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2023; 26:706-716. [PMID: 37477877 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying has become an international concern among youth with autistic traits in the digital age. It draws the attention of professionals in mental health and education due to its potentially severe psychosocial and academic impacts. However, there is limited knowledge about the mediators for these associations. This study investigated whether school dysfunction and comorbid psychopathologies mediated the link between autistic traits and cyberbullying. We used a nationally representative sample of 9,483 students (9-14 years of age). The instruments included the Social Responsiveness Scale for autistic traits; the Cyberbullying Experiences Questionnaire for cyberbullying victimization and perpetration; the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV for inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and oppositional behaviors; the Child Behavior Checklist for anxiety/depression; and the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents for impaired school functions. Multiple mediation models were used for statistical analyses. The results showed that the 1-year prevalence rates of pure victims, pure perpetrators, and bully-victims of cyberbullying were 7.9 percent, 2.4 percent, and 5.7 percent, respectively. Cyberbullying victimization and perpetration were positively associated with autistic traits, school dysfunction, and comorbid psychopathologies. The associations between autistic traits and cyberbullying victims and bully-victims were significantly mediated by school dysfunction and hyperactivity/impulsivity (only for bully-victims), independent of sex and age. Our results suggest that early identification and intervention of these difficulties may mitigate the risks of cyberbullying. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02707848.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ti Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ming Tai
- Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kamaruddin IK, Ma'rof AM, Mohd Nazan AIN, Ab Jalil H. Corrigendum: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization: an in-depth analysis within the Asia Pacific region. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1226698. [PMID: 37547214 PMCID: PMC10400711 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1226698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1014258.].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aini Marina Ma'rof
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Habibah Ab Jalil
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Bahl D, Bassi S, Manna S, Arora M. Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCS) in India and their compliance with government benchmarks: A scoping review. F1000Res 2023; 12:517. [PMID: 37614564 PMCID: PMC10442587 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.131112.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCs) are one of the critical pillars of India's Adolescent Health Programme-Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram that seeks to enable all adolescents to realize their full potential by making informed decisions concerning their health and by accessing the services. Thus, a review was conceptualised to assess the compliance of AFHCs with the benchmark proposed by the Government under Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram. Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched for articles published between 2014 and December 2022. A snowball search strategy was also used to retrieve all published articles. Based on the search strategy eight studies were included. Results: AFHCs are not fully compliant with all the benchmarks proposed by the government of India. Evidence from the primary studies showed that the benchmarks need attention as privacy was lacking (six out of seven studies), unavailability of Information Education and Communication material (four out of five), signages (two out of four), referrals (one out of two), and judgemental attitude of health care providers (one out of 3). Conclusions: There is a pressing need to focus on the fulfilment of these gaps to make the clinics adolescent-friendly. This might increase the utilisation of available services in AFHCs by adolescents and will improve their health. The improved health will catalyse achieving the Sustainable Development Goals indicators that are associated with nutrition, reproductive health, sexual and intimate partner violence, child marriage, education, and employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Bahl
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122002, India
| | - Shalini Bassi
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122002, India
| | - Subhanwita Manna
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122002, India
| | - Monika Arora
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122002, India
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Gan X, Xiang GX, Li M, Jin X, Qin KN. Positive youth development attributes, mental disorder, and problematic online behaviors in adolescents: a longitudinal study amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1133696. [PMID: 37333550 PMCID: PMC10273271 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1133696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents have increasingly suffered from online problem behaviors and mental disorders. But little research has paid attention to the protective factors among adolescents. Therefore, the present study attempted to investigate the role of positive youth development (PYD) attributes in adolescents' depression, internet gaming disorder (IGD) and cyberbullying/victimization (CBV). Methods A total of 995 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 15.97 years, SD = 0.77, 325 boys) from two public high schools in Hubei province were recruited to participate in the three-wave longitudinal study over the span of 1 year during the pandemic (Time 1: November, 2020; Time 2: May, 2021; Time 3: November, 2021). Results T1 PYD attributes negatively predicted T2 depression and T3 online problematic behaviors. T2 depression positively predicted IGD at T3. T3 IGD significantly predicted greater involvement in T3 CBV, and vice versa. Moreover, depression and one online problem behavior mediated the relationships between PYD attributes and the other online problem behavior, separately and sequentially. Discussion These findings demonstrated the protective role of PYD attributes in prevention of mental disorders and online problem behaviors among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comprehensive measures should be taken to assist young people to develop more PYD attributes to promote healthy growth.
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Sorrentino A, Sulla F, Santamato M, Cipriano A, Cella S. The Long-Term Efficacy and Sustainability of the Tabby Improved Prevention and Intervention Program in Reducing Cyberbullying and Cybervictimization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085436. [PMID: 37107718 PMCID: PMC10138809 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although cyberbullying and cybervictimization prevention programs have proved effective in the short term, their effectiveness remains unclear in the long run. Thus, the present study evaluated the long-term effects of the Tabby Improved Prevention and Intervention Program (TIPIP). Participants were 475 middle and high school students (Mage = 12.38; SD = 1.45; F = 241, 51%), of whom, 167 were in the Experimental Group (EG; Mage = 13.15; SD = 1.52; M = 51.5%), and 308 were in the Control Group (CG; Mage = 13.47; SD = 1.35; M = 47.7%). Students completed measures assessing cyberbullying and cybervictimization at three time points: baseline (T1), immediately after the intervention (6 months, T2), and at 1 year (T3). The results showed no significant effects of the TIPIP in reducing both cyberbullying and cybervictimization over time. Overall, our results confirm the lack of effectiveness of long-term preventive programs and emphasize that different curricula should be implemented in future programs to prevent and manage cyberbullying and cybervictimization, also taking into account psychological mechanisms and processes involved in such behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sorrentino
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Sulla
- Department of Human Studies, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Margherita Santamato
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Annarosa Cipriano
- Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefania Cella
- Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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Perez C, Karmakar S. An NLP-assisted Bayesian time-series analysis for prevalence of Twitter cyberbullying during the COVID-19 pandemic. SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND MINING 2023; 13:51. [PMID: 36937491 PMCID: PMC10016178 DOI: 10.1007/s13278-023-01053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has brought about many changes in social dynamics. Stay-at-home orders and disruptions in school teaching can influence bullying behavior in-person and online, both of which leading to negative outcomes in victims. To study cyberbullying specifically, 1 million tweets containing keywords associated with abuse were collected from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2021 with the Twitter API search endpoint. A natural language processing model pre-trained on a Twitter corpus generated probabilities for the tweets being offensive and hateful. To overcome limitations of sampling, data were also collected using the count endpoint. The fraction of tweets from a given daily sample marked as abusive is multiplied to the number reported by the count endpoint. Once these adjusted counts are assembled, a Bayesian autoregressive Poisson model allows one to study the mean trend and lag functions of the data and how they vary over time. The results reveal strong weekly and yearly seasonality in hateful speech but with slight differences across years that may be attributed to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Perez
- Department of Statistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA
| | - Sayar Karmakar
- Department of Statistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA
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Kamaruddin IK, Ma'rof AM, Mohd Nazan AIN, Ab Jalil H. A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization: An in-depth analysis within the Asia Pacific region. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1014258. [PMID: 36778634 PMCID: PMC9911532 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1014258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization are prevalent issues in adolescent development and are a rising public health concern. Numerous interventions have been developed and implemented to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Through an updated systematic review and meta-analysis, this study aimed to tackle a significant gap in the cyberbullying literature by addressing the need to empirically determine the effectiveness of programs with non-school-aged samples with a specific focus on studies conducted within the Asia-Pacific region. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to identify intervention research to reduce cyberbullying perpetration and victimization published from January 1995 to February 2022. Ten electronic databases-Cambridge Journal Online, EBSCOHOST, ERIC, IEEE XPLORE, Oxford Journal Online, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, PubMed (Medline), Science Direct, Scopus, Springerlink-and a subsequent manual search were conducted. Detailed information was extracted, including the summary data that could be used to estimate effect sizes. The studies' methodological quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool. FINDINGS Eleven studies were included in the review of the 2,540 studies identified through databases, and 114 additional records were discovered through citation searching. Only four studies were included in the meta-analysis, exploring game-based, skill-building, school-based, and whole-school interventions. The first meta-analysis pooled estimates from these four studies that assessed cyberbullying perpetration frequency using continuous data post-intervention. These studies reported data from 3,273 participants (intervention n = 1,802 and control n = 1,471). A small but not statistically significant improvement favoring the intervention group from pre- to post-intervention was shown by the pooled effect size, -0.04 (95% CI [-0.10,0.03], Z = 1.11, P = 0.27). The second meta-analysis included two qualified studies investigating cyberbullying victimization frequency using continuous data at post-intervention among 2,954 participants (intervention n = 1,623 and control n = 1,331). A very small but non-significant effect favoring the intervention group was discovered. CONCLUSION This research primarily highlights that the endeavor for cyberbullying intervention is still developing in the Asia-Pacific region, currently involving a limited set of stakeholders, settings, and delivery modes. Overall, meta-analyses of cyberbullying interventions conducted in the Asia Pacific found no significant effects in reducing cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022313369.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aini Marina Ma'rof
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Habibah Ab Jalil
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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10
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Cyberbullying in COVID-19 Pandemic Decreases? Research of Internet Habits of Croatian Adolescents. INFORMATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/info13120586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Online contacts and other activities on the Internet came into focus given the increased use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online environment is a setting for problematic Internet use, including cyberbullying, and research so far shows that inclusion in cyberbullying depends on the amount of screen time. Increases in screen time during the pandemic could affect the growth of the prevalence rates of children’s involvement in cyberbullying. The aim of this paper is to compare the Internet habits, cyberbullying and parental role in children’s online activities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the use of the Internet increased due to online classes and implemented measures to prevent the spread of the infection. The Institute of Public Health of Split-Dalmatia County conducted a quantitative online survey of Internet habits and problematic Internet use in two waves in 2017 and 2020 with adolescents from 12–18 (N2017 = 536; N2020 = 284). Research included adherence to ethical standards of research with children. An online activity questionnaire for children, a questionnaire of parental behaviors and the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire—ECIPQ were used. The results of the research point out that cyberbullying rates in the pandemic decreased. The results show that the cumulative effect of parental monitoring is medium with approximately 5% of explained variance for experiencing and 6% for committing violence. The similar set of predictors is statistically significant in both regressions. Parental actions of monitoring applications, informing children and monitoring search history are identified as protective factors for committing or experiencing cyber violence. These findings are important for understanding the effect of the general digitization of society, which leads to an extensive increase in the use of online content and various digital tools, and the role of the parents, especially as protective potential for cyberbullying among children.
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Mercado MC, Wang J, Mercer Kollar LM. Parents' Self-reported Changes in Concern About Children's Bullying-Fall ConsumerStyles and Estilos Surveys, United States, 2020. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP23330-NP23351. [PMID: 35235443 PMCID: PMC9437136 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221078810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bullying is a type of youth violence and an adverse childhood experience that can result in trauma and have immediate and long-term consequences for all involved. It can happen at school or elsewhere - including online entertainment and social and learning environments. Some children are at increased risk for bullying victimization, such as those targeted because of their racial/ethnic background or cultural identity. This study assessed U.S. parents and caregivers' self-reported changes in concern about their children's involvement in bullying during Fall 2020 compared to the prior year, which was marked by extraordinary historical circumstances (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic, heightened awareness of racial inequities, schools transitioning to virtual learning). Secondary analyses of data from the 2020 Fall ConsumerStyles and Estilos online panel surveys - designed to be representative of U.S. adults overall and U.S. Hispanic adults, respectively - were conducted. Differences by children's type of school attendance (i.e., physically at school or not) and parents' sociodemographic characteristics were explored. While findings suggest that U.S. parents' concern for their children being bullied during Fall 2020 compared to the prior year did not change, significant differences were found by the children's type of school attendance and the parents' race/ethnicity - with increased concern among parents of children who physically attended school, non-Hispanic Black parents and Hispanic parents. Among parents who reported being less concerned during Fall 2020 about their children being bullied compared to the prior year, not being physically at school is noted as the main reason why. Parents who reported being more concerned frequently noted racism as the reason why. It is imperative to understand what parents think about bullying, to best inform efforts to support their key role in bullying prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Mercado
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 1242Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Division of Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 1242Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura M Mercer Kollar
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 1242Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lian Y, Zhou Y, Lian X, Dong X. Cyber violence caused by the disclosure of route information during the COVID-19 pandemic. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 9:417. [PMID: 36466702 PMCID: PMC9702928 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-022-01450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Disclosure of patients' travel route information by government departments has been an effective and indispensable pandemic prevention and control measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this measure may make patients susceptible to cyber violence (CV). We selected 13 real cases that occurred in China during the COVID-19 pandemic for analysis. We identified several characteristics that commonly appeared due to route information, such as rumors about and moral condemnation of patients, and determined that patients who are the first locally confirmed cases of a particular wave of the pandemic are more likely to be the victims of CV. We then analyzed and compared six real cases using data mining and network analysis approaches. We found that disclosing travel route information increases the risk of exposing patients to CV, especially those who violate infection prevention regulations. In terms of disseminating information, we found that mainstream media and influential we-media play an essential role. Based on the findings, we summarized the formation mechanism of route information disclosure-caused CV and proposed three practical suggestions-namely, promote the publicity of the media field with the help of mainstream media and influential we-media, optimize the route information collection and disclosure system, and ease public anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic. To our knowledge, this study is one of the first to focus on CV on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe that our findings can help governments better carry out pandemic prevention and control measures on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lian
- School of Journalism, Communication University of China, No.1 Dingfuzhuang East Street, 100024 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueting Zhou
- School of Journalism, Communication University of China, No.1 Dingfuzhuang East Street, 100024 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueying Lian
- College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefan Dong
- College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research Base of Beijing Modern Manufacturing Development, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Liu L, Tu Y, Zhou X. How local outbreak of COVID-19 affect the risk of internet public opinion: A Chinese social media case study. TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY 2022; 71:102113. [PMID: 36105882 PMCID: PMC9463078 DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the realistic demand of controlling the Internet public opinion risk caused by the local outbreak of COVID-19, this paper creatively proposes a COVID-19 local outbreak Internet public opinion risk grading research framework. The SMAA-FAHPSort II method combining Analytic Hierarchy Process Sort II (AHPSort II) method with Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis (SMAA-2) method is introduced into this framework, to evaluate the Internet public opinion risk level of social media during the local outbreak of COVID-19. In addition, this framework is applied to a case of Internet public opinion risk evaluation on Microblog platform of China. According to the number of new cases per day in mainland China, this paper divides the period from May 7, 2020 to September 3, 2021 into seven stages. A total of more than 10,000 Microblog hot topics were collected, after screening and preprocessing, 5422 related topics are remained to help complete the Internet public opinion risk evaluation. The case study analysis results show that the number of days classified as moderate risk and above has reached more than 280. This proves that the local outbreak of COVID-19 will indeed increase the risk of Internet public opinion, and correlation analysis confirms that the level of public opinion risk is positively correlated with the severity of the epidemic in the real world. Furthermore, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method are verified by comparative analysis and sensitivity analysis. Finally, some effective public opinion management suggestions have been put forward. This paper can provide reference for the government to formulate or improve relevant strategies, and also has great significance for reducing the risk of Internet public opinion in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Liu
- School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yan Tu
- School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- The School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Cyberbullying research—Alignment to sustainable development and impact of COVID-19: Bibliometrics and science mapping analysis. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Morales-Arjona I, Pastor-Moreno G, Ruiz-Pérez I, Sordo L, Henares-Montiel J. Characterization of Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:733-743. [PMID: 36125383 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying is an extremely damaging form of interpersonal violence. Little is yet known about cyberbullying behaviors in the child and youth population during the COVID-19 pandemic and what effect this reduction in face-to-face social interactions has had on an increase in socialization via the Internet and cyberbullying. The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in young people between the ages of 12 and 27 years attending two secondary schools in southern Spain (N = 733) to examine differences regarding sociodemographic characteristics, academic performance, and digital device use (independent variables) in the experiences of cybervictimization, cyberperpetration, and adverse psychological effects (dependent variables). Logistic regression models were constructed for each of the dependent variables including the independent variables mentioned above. More than 50 percent of the sample were victims of cyberbullying. Females and the LGBTIQ+ Community were at greater risk of being cybervictims and suffer adverse psychological effects. A total of 22.8 percent of the students reported having been victims and 26.5 percent perpetrators of cyberbullying for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemic, but no other major differences were observed. These findings point out that cyberbullying must be prioritized in public policy as part of an overall strategy for combating violence in childhood and adolescence, as well as gender-based and discriminatory violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Morales-Arjona
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Ruiz-Pérez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Sordo
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departamente de Salud Pública y Materno Infantil, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Henares-Montiel
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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Abarna S, Sheeba JI, Jayasrilakshmi S, Devaneyan SP. Identification of cyber harassment and intention of target users on social media platforms. ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2022; 115:105283. [PMID: 35968532 PMCID: PMC9364757 DOI: 10.1016/j.engappai.2022.105283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to Coronavirus diseases in 2020, all the countries departed into lockdown to combat the spread of the pandemic situation. Schools and institutions remain closed and students' screen time surged. The classes for the students are moved to the digital platform which leads to an increase in social media usage. Many children had become sufferers of cyber harassment which includes threatening comments on young students, sexual torture through a digital platform, people insulting one another, and the use of fake accounts to harass others. The rising effort on automated cyber harassment detection utilizes many AI-related components Natural language processing techniques and machine learning approaches. Though machine learning models using different algorithms fail to converge with higher accuracy, it is much more important to use significant natural language processes and efficient classifiers to detect cyberbullying comments on social media. In this proposed work, the lexical meaning of the text is analysed by the conventional scheme and the word order of the text is performed by the Fast Text model to improve the computational efficacy of the model. The intention of the text is analysed by various feature extraction methods. The score for intention detection is calculated using the frequency of words with a bully-victim participation score. Finally, the proposed model's performance is measured by different evaluation metrics which illustrate that the accuracy of the model is higher than many other existing classification methods. The error rate is lesser for the detection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abarna
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Puducherry Technological University, India
| | - J I Sheeba
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Puducherry Technological University, India
| | - S Jayasrilakshmi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Puducherry Technological University, India
| | - S Pradeep Devaneyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateshwaraa College of Engineering and Technology, Puducherry, India
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17
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The Dark Tetrad, cybervictimization, and cyberbullying: The role of moral disengagement. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCyberbullying is a form of antisocial online behaviors. Perpetration of intentional and repeated harm inflicted through electronic devices is associated with dark personality traits and may be caused by morally impaired reasoning. In the current study, we investigated the associations between the Dark Tetrad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, sadism), cybervictimization, and cyberbullying. We also examined the intervening role of moral disengagement in the relationship between the Dark Tetrad and cyberbullying. Two hundred fifty-one adults (72.6% women) participated in an on-line study. Correlational analysis indicated that all dark personality traits were associated with higher cyberbullying and cybervictimization (except narcissism as a predictor of cybervictimization). Moral disengagement was positively related to Machiavellianism, sadism and cybervictimization. Controlled for covariance between the Dark Tetrad traits and cybervictimization, sadism and cybervictimization appeared to be associated with cyberbullying. Moreover, moral disengagement did not account for the associations between the Dark Tetrad and cyberbullying.
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Wirawan GBS, Hanipraja MA, Chrysanta G, Imtaza N, Ahmad KT, Marlina I, Mahendra D, Larosa AT. Anxiety and prior victimization predict online gender-based violence perpetration among Indonesian young adults during COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2022; 12:31. [PMID: 35818380 PMCID: PMC9261232 DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most of human interactions moved to the cyberspace for much of the pandemic. It was no surprise that online violence was also on the rise. One of the objectives of this study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of online gender-based violence (OGBV) perpetration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The final analysis included 1006 respondents, 84.2% of whom were women and 94.5% were heterosexual. Over 60% of respondents admitted having perpetrated at least one type of OGBV once. It included 58.6% of women who admitted having perpetrated OGBV. Logistic regression analysis identified anxiety, online disinhibition, and history of victimization as independent risk factors of perpetration with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.82 (95% CI 1.30-2.56), 1.38 (95% CI 1.03-1.85), and 9.72 (95% CI 5.11-18.51), respectively. Sub-group analysis that identified these factors also facilitated increased frequency and severity of OGBV perpetration. Conclusions We found a high proportion of OGBV perpetration among young adults during the pandemic among all genders although women were grossly overrepresented among the respondents. Risk factors of perpetration included anxiety, online disinhibition, and prior victimization. The pandemic situation which heightened general anxiety and increased dependency on online communication may facilitate the perpetration of OGBV. The generalization of this result should pay attention to the caveat that the demographic of respondents is heavily skewed toward women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gede Benny Setia Wirawan
- Tabu Indonesia Berdaya Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Center for Public Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | | | - Gabrielle Chrysanta
- Tabu Indonesia Berdaya Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Hematology Department, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Nadya Imtaza
- Tabu Indonesia Berdaya Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Karima Taushia Ahmad
- Tabu Indonesia Berdaya Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Inda Marlina
- Tabu Indonesia Berdaya Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Varela JJ, Hernández C, Miranda R, Barlett CP, Rodríguez-Rivas ME. Victims of Cyberbullying: Feeling Loneliness and Depression among Youth and Adult Chileans during the Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5886. [PMID: 35627423 PMCID: PMC9141340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In Chile, during the COVID-19 pandemic, reports of cyberbullying victimization increased for adolescents and younger adults. Research has shown that cyber-victims-adolescents and young adults alike-are at greater risk for mental health problems such as depression as a result of this negative type of aggression. Yet, a paucity of research has examined the individual mechanisms germane to cyber-victim depression. We focused on loneliness for the current study. We hypothesized that cyber-victimization would be positively related to depressive symptoms through increased fears of loneliness and that this effect would differ between adolescents and younger adults. Thus, we examined a sample of 2370 participants from all main regions of Chile aged from 15 to 29 years. Moderated mediation results showed a negative effect of cyberbullying on depression, which was mediated by increased fears of being alone. The effect of frequency of cyberbullying on fear of loneliness was stronger for younger adults compared to adolescents. Our results suggest different mechanisms for both age groups, which can inform prevention programs and their specific activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. Varela
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile;
| | - Cristóbal Hernández
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago 7941169, Chile;
- Instituto Milenio para la Investigación en Depresión y Personalidad, MIDAP, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Rafael Miranda
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Continental del Perú, Lima 12001, Peru;
| | - Christopher P. Barlett
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, NY 66506-5302, USA;
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20
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Paek SY, Lee J, Choi Y. The impact of parental monitoring on cyberbullying victimization in the COVID-19 era. SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY 2022; 103:294-305. [PMID: 35602177 PMCID: PMC9115449 DOI: 10.1111/ssqu.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the current research was to examine the predictors of cyberbullying victimization among South Korean students during a period in which the coronavirus disease was spreading worldwide. We assessed whether parental guardianship protected against victimization when most people worked from home and school instructions were shifted to online learning. Methods We analyzed nationally representative data collected between October 6 and November 13, 2020. Binary logistic regression models were developed based on the Routine Activities Theory theoretical model to investigate the correlates of cyberbullying victimization among participants. Results The results showed that respondents' routine online activities were closely related to victimization, and parental guardianship provided partial protection by reducing non-violent victimization. Conclusion Parents could play a critical role in protecting children from cyberbullying victimization. Future research should continue to investigate the impact of parenting on reducing cyberbullying victimization, specifically the effects of different parenting styles and protections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeop Paek
- Department of Criminal JusticeCalifornia State University, East BayHaywardCaliforniaUSA
| | - Julak Lee
- Department of Industrial SecurityChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Yeon‐Jun Choi
- Department of Aviation Security ProtectionKwangju Women's UniversityGwangjuKorea
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21
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Shoib S, Philip S, Bista S, Saeed F, Javed S, Ori D, Bashir A, Chandradasa M. Cyber victimization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A syndemic looming large. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e528. [PMID: 35224224 PMCID: PMC8851571 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Shoib
- Department of PsychiatryJawahar Lal Nehru Memorial HospitalSrinagarIndia
| | | | - Seema Bista
- Division of Clinical and Translational ResearchLarkin Comminity Hospital SystemSouth MiamiFloridaUnited states
| | - Fahimeh Saeed
- Department of PsychiatryPsychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sana Javed
- Psychiatry UnitNishtar Medical UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Dorottya Ori
- Department of Mental HealthHeim Pal National Pediatric Institute, and Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Adil Bashir
- Department of Social WorkKashmir UniversityKashmirIndia
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22
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Vessey JA, Difazio RL, Neil LK, Dorste A. Is There a Relationship Between Youth Bullying and Internet Addiction? An Integrative Review. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-25. [PMID: 35018144 PMCID: PMC8735727 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Youth bullying is a global public health problem; Internet addiction is on the rise globally among youths. Because the linkage between these behaviors has not been clearly explicated, this integrative review evaluated the relevant empirical evidence. A search of five electronic databases identified 2,761 original citations published between January 2000 and May 2019. After further abstract screening and detailed evaluation of 262 full-text articles, the final sample consisted of 14 prospective descriptive studies representing 10 countries. Review results clearly established that the relationship between bullying and Internet addiction is firmly supported; less is known as to the contribution of gender, age, and other demographic variables, their impact on health outcomes, problematic behaviors, and the role of parental mediation. Inconsistent definitions and instrumentation and lack of sophisticated study designs limited the synthesis of findings. Future research is needed to explicate these relationships, so data-driven interventions can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A. Vessey
- William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA USA
- Medicine Patient Services, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Rachel L. Difazio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine , Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Laura K. Neil
- Hematology/Oncology Nursing, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Anna Dorste
- Medical Library, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
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Bullying, Cyberbullying, Anxiety, and Depression in a Sample of Youth during the Coronavirus Pandemic. Pediatr Rep 2021; 13:546-551. [PMID: 34564347 PMCID: PMC8482069 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric13030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
While we know that the pandemic and its social isolation, loss of school experiences, increased screen use, and financial stress have likely had a psychological impact upon children and teens, little research has been done directly with youth to assess social and emotional factors during the pandemic and in its immediate aftermath. In this study, a sample of 240 youth reported on their experiences with bullying, fighting, sexting, cyberbullying, anxiety, and depression during the period from March 2020 to April 2021. The results indicated that bullying, cyberbullying, sexting, and fighting showed only small or no increases, but anxiety and depression were dramatically increased relative to before the pandemic. Female and LGBTQ youth were particularly vulnerable during the months since March 2020. The results suggest that youth will need positive social experiences and, in some cases, psychological interventions and treatment to restore emotional equilibrium in the months ahead.
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A cross-sectional study of COVID-19-related bullying in a sample of Lebanese adults: scale validation, correlates, and mediating effect of fear and anxiety. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:137. [PMID: 34496963 PMCID: PMC8425023 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has led to prolonged exposure to stress and anxiety, raising concerns about a large spectrum of psychological side effects. The primary objective of the study was to validate the COVID-19 Bullying Scale (CBS-11). The second objective was to explore factors associated with COVID-19-related bullying and evaluate the mediating effect of fear and anxiety between knowledge and COVID-19-related bullying.
Methods A cross-sectional online survey conducted between December 20, 2020, and January 5, 2021, recruited 405 Lebanese adults using a snowball sampling technique. The CBS-11, an 11-item tool specifically created for this study, was used to measure bullying behaviors towards COVID-19 patients. Results All items of the CBS-11 converged over a 1-factor solution with an eigenvalue over 1, accounting for a variance of 75.16%. The scale has a high Cronbach’s alpha (.974), indicating excellent reliability. A positive correlation was found between the COVID-19 bullying scale and fear, anxiety, and stigma discrimination. The logistic regression showed that higher fear of COVID-19 (ORa = 1.04), a positive attitude toward COVID-19 preventive measures and hygiene recommendations (ORa = 1.18), higher stigma discrimination scores (ORa = 1.09), and having a health professional family member (ORa = 2.42) were significantly associated with bullying. Conclusion Our main findings showed that the CBS-11 could be an efficient tool to measure bullying behaviors toward COVID-19 patients. Stigma discrimination and fear from COVID-19 were associated with higher bullying attitudes. Future prospective studies are needed to understand better the factors related to bullying among adults during a pandemic, such as COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-021-00643-1.
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Jackman JA, Gentile DA, Cho NJ, Park Y. Addressing the digital skills gap for future education. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:542-545. [PMID: 33707657 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- DQ Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Douglas A Gentile
- DQ Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Polanin JR, Espelage DL, Grotpeter JK, Ingram K, Michaelson L, Spinney E, Valido A, Sheikh AE, Torgal C, Robinson L. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions to Decrease Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2021; 23:439-454. [PMID: 34159506 PMCID: PMC8218972 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that cyberbullying among school-age children is related to problem behaviors and other adverse school performance constructs. As a result, numerous school-based programs have been developed and implemented to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Given the extensive literature and variation in program effectiveness, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of programs to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Our review included published and unpublished literature, utilized modern, transparent, and reproducible methods, and examined confirmatory and exploratory moderating factors. A total of 50 studies and 320 effect sizes spanning 45,371 participants met the review protocol criteria. Results indicated that programs significantly reduced cyberbullying perpetration (g = -0.18, SE = 0.05, 95% CI [-0.28, -0.09]) and victimization (g = -0.13, SE = 0.04, 95% CI [-0.21, -0.05]). Moderator analyses, however, yielded only a few statistically significant findings. We interpret these findings and provide implications for future cyberbullying prevention policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Polanin
- American Institutes for Research, 1000 Thomas Jefferson St. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Laura Michaelson
- American Institutes for Research, 1000 Thomas Jefferson St. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
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Cappa C, Jijon I. COVID-19 and violence against children: A review of early studies. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 116:105053. [PMID: 33965215 PMCID: PMC9754317 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers across the globe have attempted to understand how the health and socioeconomic crisis brought about by the coronavirus is affecting children's exposure to violence. Since containment measures have disrupted many data collection and research efforts, studies have had to rely on existing data or design new approaches to gathering relevant information. OBJECTIVE This article reviews the literature that has been produced on children's exposure to violence during the pandemic to understand emerging patterns and critically appraise methodologies to help inform the design of future studies. The article concludes with recommendations for future research. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The study entailed a search of working papers, technical reports, and journal articles. METHODS The search used a combination of search terms to identify relevant articles and reports published between March 1 and December 31, 2020. The sources were assessed according to scope and study design. RESULTS The review identified 48 recent working papers, technical reports, and journal articles on the impact of COVID-19 on violence against children. In terms of scope and methods, the review led to three main findings: 1) Studies have focused on physical or psychological violence at home and less attention has been paid to other forms of violence against children, 2) most studies have relied on administrative records, while other data sources, such as surveys or big data, were less commonly employed, and 3) different definitions and study designs were used to gather data directly, resulting in findings that are hardly generalizable. With respect to children's experience of violence, the review led to four main findings: 1) Studies found a decrease in police reports and referrals to child protective services, 2) mixed results were found with respect to the number of calls to police or domestic violence helplines, 3) articles showed an increase in child abuse-related injuries treated in hospitals, and 4) surveys reported an increase in family violence. CONCLUSIONS This review underscores the persistent challenges affecting the availability and quality of data on violence against children, including the absence of standards for measuring this sensitive issue as well as the limited availability of baseline data. Future research on COVID-19 and violence against children should address some of the gaps identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cappa
- UNICEF, Data and Analytics Section, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA.
| | - Isabel Jijon
- UNICEF, Data and Analytics Section, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA.
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Siyam N, Hussain M. Cyber-Safety Policy Elements in the Era of Online Learning: A Content Analysis of Policies in the UAE. TECHTRENDS : FOR LEADERS IN EDUCATION & TRAINING 2021; 65:535-547. [PMID: 33644780 PMCID: PMC7899622 DOI: 10.1007/s11528-021-00595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the increased level of technology usage in schools and the move to online learning, many schools had to re-evaluate the content of their cyber-safety policy and review it to ensure it works within and beyond the schools' premises. This study aimed to analyse the cyber-safety policies of twenty private schools in Dubai, an emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Five main categories were considered for the content analysis of the policy documents including definitions, preventive measures, reporting and responding to incidents, connection to other policies and mention of existing legislation. Upon the analysis of the policy documents, it was found that while some addressed cyber-safety issues, the focus remained more on cyberbullying incidents. Besides, the development of the cyber-safety policies is lacking the input from the concerned authorities whose ultimate responsibility is to develop the major policies and guidelines to be adopted by schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Siyam
- The British University in Dubai, Dubai, UAE
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Shannen T, Kim SJ, Lee J. Empathy, cyberbullying, and cybervictimization among Filipino adolescents. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2021; 27:65-74. [PMID: 35004498 PMCID: PMC8650871 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2021.27.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to gain insights into empathy, cyberbullying, and cybervictimization among Filipino adolescents. METHODS The participants were 168 junior high school students in the 7th to 10th grades at a public high school in Cavite Province, Philippines. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, the Basic Empathy Scale, and Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory-II scores. The data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics (frequency and mean), the independent t-test, bivariate correlation, and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The degree of empathy did not show a statistically significant relationship with cyberbullying (r=-.07, p=.359) but did show a significant relationship with cybervictimization (r=.18, p=.025). Furthermore, cyberbullying had a statistically significant association with cybervictimization (r=.60, p<.001). CONCLUSION Although empathy does not necessarily affect cyberbullying, higher levels of empathy were found among cyberbullying victims. However, an alarming result of this study is the possibility that victims may become cyberbullies. Therefore, we should highlight empathy as part of efforts to prevent cyberbullying and to solve various cyber-related problems. Since cyberbullying and cybervictimization are closely related, it is important to focus on this relationship and to make multilateral efforts to ensure that cyberbullying does not lead to other negative issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadena Shannen
- Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Shin-Jeong Kim
- Professor, School of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jungmin Lee
- Lecturer, School of Nursing, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Martínez-Martínez AM, López-Liria R, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros R, Morales-Gázquez MJ, Rocamora-Pérez P. Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Cybervictimization, and Academic Performance in Secondary School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7717. [PMID: 33105777 PMCID: PMC7660080 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The benefits attributed to emotional intelligence (EI) in a school environment can be observed in areas such as interpersonal relationships, psychological well-being, academic performance, and avoidance of disruptive behaviors. The objective of this study was to analyze a sample of 3451 adolescents from a secondary school to test whether EI is a protector against cybervictimization and the repercussions of cybervictimization, and whether EI has an influence on academic performance. The instruments used in the study included a questionnaire of risk factors for cybervictimization-the Trait Meta Mood Scale 24 (Spanish version)-and the global marks or academic performance of the students. The relationships between the variables were analyzed and a structural equation model was developed. The correlations revealed that there was a positive relationship between EI and student academic performance, but there was also a negative relationship regarding cybervictimization. In other words, students with lower EI were more likely to suffer from cybervictimization and could experience negative repercussions on school success. Through EI training and addressing disruptive behaviors by focusing on school climate, classroom management, and discipline, we can create emotional regulation guidelines among students to eradicate disruptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remedios López-Liria
- Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Aguilar-Parra
- Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Rubén Trigueros
- Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - María José Morales-Gázquez
- Department of Nursing, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Juan de Quesada, 30, 35001 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Patricia Rocamora-Pérez
- Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
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