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Rizk A, El-Guindy J, Abdou A, Ashraf R, Kusumasari C, Eldin FE. Marginal adaptation and fracture resistance of virgilite-based occlusal veneers with varying thickness. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:307. [PMID: 38443910 PMCID: PMC10913281 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM CAD/CAM occlusal veneers have been developed for minimally invasive prosthetic restoration of eroded teeth. Marginal adaptation and fracture resistance are crucial for the long-term survivability and clinical success of such restorations. Virgilite-based lithium disilicate glass-ceramic is a newly introduced material with claims of high strength. However, constructing occlusal veneers from this material of varying thickness has not been investigated. PURPOSE The current study aimed to assess the impact of CAD/CAM occlusal veneer thickness and materials on marginal adaptation and fracture resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two occlusal veneers were constructed and divided into two groups (n = 16) based on the CAD/CAM material into Brilliant Crios and CEREC Tessera. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups (n = 8) according to the thickness: 0.6 and 0.9 mm. Occlusal veneers were bonded to epoxy resin dies. The marginal gap was evaluated before and after thermodynamic aging. Fracture resistance and failure mode were evaluated for the same samples after aging. Marginal adaptation was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Fracture resistance was analyzed using Weibull analysis (α = 0.05). RESULTS The marginal gap was significantly increased following thermodynamic aging for tested groups (P < 0.001). CEREC Tessera showed a significantly higher marginal gap than Brilliant Crios before and after aging for both thicknesses (P < 0.05). CEREC Tessera recorded lower significant fracture load values compared to Brilliant Crios (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both CEREC Tessera and Brilliant Crios demonstrated clinically accepted marginal gap values. All groups showed fracture resistance values higher than the average masticatory forces in the premolar region except for 0.6 mm CEREC Tessera. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Reinforced composite occlusal veneers demonstrated more favorable outcomes in terms of marginal gap and fracture resistance at both tested thicknesses compared to virgilite-based lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Additionally, caution should be exercised during the construction of occlusal veneers from virgilite-based lithium disilicate glass-ceramic with reduced thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Rizk
- Fixed Prosthodontics division, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt.
| | - Jylan El-Guindy
- Fixed Prosthodontics division, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
- Fixed Prosthodontics department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ayen University, Thi‑Qar, Iraq
| | - Reem Ashraf
- Biomaterials Division, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Citra Kusumasari
- Conservative Dentistry department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farid Emad Eldin
- Fixed Prosthodontics department, Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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Gierthmuehlen PC, Spitznagel FA, Koschate M, Bonfante EA, Prott LS. Influence of ceramic thickness and dental substrate on the survival rate and failure load of non-retentive occlusal veneers after fatigue. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:373-380. [PMID: 37605963 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ceramic thickness and dental substrate (enamel vs. dentin/enamel) on the survival rate and failure load of non-retentive occlusal veneers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human maxillary molars (n = 60) were divided into five test-groups (n = 12). The groups (named DE-1.5, DE-1.0, DE-0.5, E-1.0, E-0.5) differed in their dental substrate (E = enamel, DE = dentin/enamel) and restoration thickness (standard: 1.5 mm, thin: 1.0 mm, ultrathin: 0.5 mm). All teeth were prepared for non-retentive monolithic lithium-disilicate occlusal veneers (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar). Restorations were adhesively cemented (Syntac Classic/Variolink II, Ivoclar) and exposed to thermomechanical fatigue (1.2 million cycles, 1.6 Hz, 49 N/ 5-55°C). Single load to failure was performed using a universal testing-machine. A linear-regression model was applied, pairwise comparisons used the Student-Newman-Keuls method (p < 0.05). RESULTS Three dentin-based occlusal veneers (one DE-1.0, two DE-0.5) revealed cracks after fatigue exposure, which corresponds to an overall-survival rate of 95%. Load to failure resulted in the following ranking: 2142 N(DE-0.5) > 2105 N(E-1.0) > 2075 N(E-0.5) > 1440 N(DE-1.5) > 1430 N(DE-1.0). Thin (E-1.0) and ultrathin enamel-based occlusal veneers (E-0.5) revealed high failure loads and surpassed the standard thickness dentin-based veneers (DE-1.5) significantly (p = 0.044, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION All tested monolithic lithium disilicate occlusal veneers obtained failure loads above physiological chewing forces. Thin and ultrathin enamel-based occlusal veneers outperformed the standard thick dentin-based occlusal veneers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Minimally invasive enamel-based occlusal veneer restorations with non-retentive preparation design may serve as a conservative treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra C Gierthmuehlen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank A Spitznagel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Lea S Prott
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Gibson T, Alsahafi T, Clark W, Duqum I, Culp L, Sulaiman TA. Fatigue resistance of 3D printed anatomic post-and-core after mastication simulation. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:858.e1-858.e6. [PMID: 37802733 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Rigid post-and-core systems have traditionally been used in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth and are regarded by many as the standard treatment. Flexible materials, including nanoceramic resins, are being increasingly implemented as post-and-core systems, but data supporting their use are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the fatigue resistance of conventional cast metal and nanoceramic 3-dimensionally (3D) printed resin post-and-core systems with teeth without posts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were endodontically treated and divided into 3 subgroups (n=10) according to the restorative procedure: cast metal post-and-core (CM), nanoceramic 3D printed resin post-and-core (3DR), and without a post (0P). The CM post-and-core group was fabricated conventionally, while the 3DR group was printed using a 3D resin printing material. For the 0P group, the teeth were restored with a composite resin foundation after root canal obturation. Complete coverage 3-mol% monolithic zirconia restorations were cemented on all specimens. The specimens were exposed to simultaneous mastication simulation (1.2 million cycles) and thermocycling (10 000 cycles at 5 ºC to 55 ºC) and analyzed based on the failure of specimens. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis survival analysis and the Wilcoxon rank sum test (α=.05). RESULTS The Kruskal-Wallis test indicated statistically significant differences among the cycles needed to reach failure for each of the 3 groups (P<.001). At 1.2 million cycles, there were no CM failures. The 3DR group failed at a median value of 950 000 cycles, while the 0P group failed at a median value of 222 500 cycles (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS All the endodontically treated teeth that received CM survived the 1 200 000 simulated mastication cycles. Both 3DR and 0P specimens fractured at the crown cervical third during mastication simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Gibson
- Resident, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Tariq Alsahafi
- PhD student and Teaching Assistant, Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; and Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wendy Clark
- Associate Professor, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ibrahim Duqum
- Professor, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Taiseer A Sulaiman
- Associate Professor, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC..
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Anuntasainont M, Po-Ngam N, Lührs AK, Neoh SP, Pongprueksa P. Fracture resistance of CAD/CAM blocks cemented on dentin using different cementation strategies. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:603-609. [PMID: 36792222 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether the fracture resistance of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin-based composites and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network materials cemented on dentin is influenced by the restoration thickness and composite cement application strategy. METHODS Disc-shaped specimens (Ø = 7 mm) of 0.8 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses were milled from two CAD/CAM materials: resin-based composite (RBC, Cerasmart 270) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN, Vita Enamic). The discs (n = 8 per group) were cemented on flattened dentin using three different cementation strategies: 1) self-adhesive composite cement (RelyX U200) in light-curing mode (LC-SAC), 2) universal adhesive (Single Bond Universal) with composite cement (RelyX Ultimate) in auto-curing mode (AC cement), and 3) adhesive and composite cement as in 2) but in light-curing mode (LC cement). The restorative surface was indented perpendicularly with a compressive load using a universal testing machine until fracture. The fracture resistance (N) of RBC and PICN was separately analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The fracture resistance of each material was significantly influenced by the material thickness and cementation strategy (P < 0.05). Irrespective of the material type and cementation strategy, thicker materials exhibit higher fracture resistance. For RBC, the fracture resistance of the LC cement group was significantly higher than that of AC cement only at 0.8 mm thickness. For PICN, the LC-cement cementation strategy produced superior fracture resistance, regardless of the restoration thickness. CONCLUSIONS The fracture resistance of Cerasmart 270 was higher for the thicker material; the fracture resistance of LC cement was higher than that of AC cement at 0.8 mm thickness cemented to dentin. In comparison, LC cement showed the highest fracture resistance for Vita Enamic for both material thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munlika Anuntasainont
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nanthiphorn Po-Ngam
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anne-Katrin Lührs
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siew Peng Neoh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pong Pongprueksa
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Czechowski Ł, Dejak B, Konieczny B, Krasowski M. Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Occlusal Veneers Made of Different Types of Materials Depending on Their Thickness. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6006. [PMID: 37687699 PMCID: PMC10489006 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathological tooth wear is an escalating social problem. Occlusal veneers can be an alternative to traditional prosthetic restorations such as crowns, inlays, and onlays. BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to assess the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of various materials depending on their thickness. METHODS In total, 120 occlusal veneers were examined. The restorations were made of four ceramics: leucite LC (IPS Empress Esthetic), hybrid HC (Vita Enamic), lithium disilicate LDC (IPS e.max Press), and zirconium oxide ZOC (Ceramill Zolid HT). A total of 30 veneers were made of each material, 10 for each of the three thicknesses: 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm. The restorations were cemented on identical abutments duplicated from the developed phantom tooth 35 (KaVo) with composite cement (All Bond Universal). The samples prepared in this way were subjected to a compressive strength test in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis of the results was performed. RESULTS The average fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of zirconium oxide ceramic was 1086-1640 N, of lithium disilicate ceramics 456-1044 N, of hybrid ceramics 449-576 N, and of leucite ceramics 257-499 N. CONCLUSIONS Occlusal veneers made of ceramics, zirconium oxide and lithium disilicate, had the highest resistance to fractures. Restorations made of leucite ceramics turned out to be the least resistant to forces. The greater the thickness of the ceramic occlusal veneers, the greater their fracture resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beata Dejak
- Department of Prosthodontics MU of Łódź, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Konieczny
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Łódź, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Krasowski
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Łódź, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
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Rexhepi I, Santilli M, D’Addazio G, Tafuri G, Manciocchi E, Caputi S, Sinjari B. Clinical Applications and Mechanical Properties of CAD-CAM Materials in Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry: A Systematic Review. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:431. [PMID: 37623675 PMCID: PMC10455074 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical outcomes of dental restorations depend primarily on the choice of materials used, and nowadays, dental CAD-CAM (Computer-Aided Design Computer-Aided Manufacturing) materials have strongly changed daily clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze CAD-CAM dental materials according to their mechanical properties and in relation to their clinical applications. A literature review was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library. Articles addressing at least one of the following topics regarding dental materials for CAD-CAM systems: manufacturers, mechanical features, materials' composition, optical properties, clinical indications, and/or outcomes were included in the review. A flowchart was performed as described in the PRISMA guidelines. Among the 564 articles found, 63 were analyzed and evaluated. Within the limitations of this systematic review, it can be concluded that CAD-CAM materials present a wide range of clinical applications due to their improved mechanical properties. Specifically, in addition to materials that have been in use for a long time (such as feldspathic ceramics), resin block composites can also be used for permanent restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imena Rexhepi
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Manlio Santilli
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianmaria D’Addazio
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tafuri
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Eugenio Manciocchi
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Caputi
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Alzahrani SJ, Hajjaj MS, Azhari AA, Ahmed WM, Yeslam HE, Carvalho RM. Mechanical Properties of Three-Dimensional Printed Provisional Resin Materials for Crown and Fixed Dental Prosthesis: A Systematic Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:663. [PMID: 37370594 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of digital dentistry has led to the introduction of various three-dimensional (3D) printing materials in the market, specifically for provisional fixed restoration. This study aimed to undertake a systematic review of the published literature on the Mechanical Properties of 3D- Printed Provisional Resin Materials for crown and fixed dental prosthesis (FDP). The electronic database on PubMed/Medline was searched for relevant studies. The search retrieved articles that were published from January 2011 to March 2023. The established focus question was: "Do provisional 3D-printed materials have better mechanical properties than conventional or milled provisional materials?". The systematically extracted data included the researcher's name(s), publication year, evaluation method, number of samples, types of materials, and study outcome. A total of 19 studies were included in this systematic review. These studies examined different aspects of the mechanical properties of 3D-printed provisional materials. Flexural Strength and Microhardness were the frequently used mechanical testing. Furthermore, 3D-printed provisional restorations showed higher hardness, smoother surfaces, less wear volume loss, and higher wear resistance compared to either milled or conventional, or both. 3D-printed provisional resin materials appear to be a promising option for fabricating provisional crowns and FDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed J Alzahrani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher S Hajjaj
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Ahmed Azhari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Magdy Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanin E Yeslam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ricardo Marins Carvalho
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V63 1Z3, Canada
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Ye Z, Jiang J, Yang L, Xu T, Lin Y, Luo F. Research Progress and Clinical Application of All-Ceramic Micro-Veneer. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2957. [PMID: 37109791 PMCID: PMC10141096 DOI: 10.3390/ma16082957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Anterior teeth problems affect the patient's daily eating, communication, social activities, self-confidence, and mental health. The trend in dentistry is to address anterior tooth problems with minimally invasive and aesthetic treatments. With the development of adhesive materials and ceramics, micro-veneers have been proposed as an alternative treatment for enhancing the aesthetic appearance and avoiding unnecessary tooth reduction. A micro-veneer is a veneer that can be cemented to the surface without or with minimal tooth preparation. These benefits include no need for anesthesia, postoperative insensitivity, good adhesion to enamel, reversibility of treatment, and higher patient acceptance. However, the micro-veneer repair is suitable only for specific cases and must be strictly controlled regarding indication. Treatment planning is a crucial step to achieving functional and aesthetic rehabilitation, and following the clinical protocol is helpful for the longevity and success of micro-veneer restorations. However, more precise and predictable tooth preparation methods, such as minimally invasive microscopic tooth preparation and digitally guided veneer preparation, are recommended rather than the traditional free-hand method. Therefore, this paper clarifies micro-veneers and compares them with other restorations to gain a deeper and more comprehensive understanding. The authors also review indications, materials, cementation, and effect evaluation of micro-veneers to provide clinicians with valuable information. In conclusion, micro-veneers are minimally invasive treatments that provide good restoration results when used appropriately and are worthy of promotion for the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Ye
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jiapei Jiang
- Outpatient Department, Sichuan Electrical Power Hospital, Chengdu 610021, China
| | - Linxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanyou Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Mueller B, Pilecco RO, Valandro LF, Ruschel VC, Pereira GKR, Bernardon JK. Effect of immediate dentin sealing on load-bearing capacity under accelerated fatigue of thin occlusal veneers made of CAD-CAM glass-ceramic and resin composite material. Dent Mater 2023; 39:372-382. [PMID: 36922258 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the influence of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) on the fatigue behavior of laminate occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD/CAM lithium disilicate ceramic and resin composite. METHODS Forty sound human molars were prepared and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10): RC-IDS+ (IDS and resin composite occlusal laminate veneer); RC-IDS- (resin composite occlusal laminate veneer without IDS); LD-IDS+ (IDS and lithium disilicate laminate veneer); LD-IDS- (lithium disilicate occlusal laminate veneer without IDS). The restorations were obtained using a digital workflow. After surface conditioning and bonding, thermocycling and accelerated fatigue tests (20 Hz, 5000 cycles with an initial load of 300 N, step-size of 100 N for 10,000 cycles, up to 1000 N, and then a step-size of 50 N until failure) were conducted. Fatigue data were recorded for both outcomes (crack or fracture) and statistically analyzed. Fractographic and adhesive interface analysis were conducted. RESULTS The indirect resin composite groups showed better fatigue behavior compared to lithium disilicate. IDS only had a positive effect for the survival of resin composite restorations for the 'fracture' outcome. Evident presence of micro-gaps at the adhesive interface in the LD-IDS- group could be noted. SIGNIFICANCE Immediate dentin sealing improved fatigue resistance behavior of resin composite occlusal veneers. However, this effect was not observed in lithium disilicate veneers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Mueller
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Ontological Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Carla Ruschel
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Ontological Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Jussara Karina Bernardon
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Ontological Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
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10
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Alghauli M, Alqutaibi AY, Wille S, Kern M. Clinical outcomes and influence of material parameters on the behavior and survival rate of thin and ultrathin occlusal veneers: A systematic review. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:45-54. [PMID: 35545532 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Various oral rehabilitation approaches are available for severely worn dentition. However, evidence-based guidelines for permanent treatment are limited. This review aims to investigate clinical observational findings and compare in-vitro outcomes of thin and ultrathin occlusal veneers using different materials and approaches. METHODS An electronic search of online databases, such as PubMed (MEDLINE), BioMed Central (BMC), Cochrane, and Scopus, was performed for the 2009 - Jun 2021 period, following the PRISMA 2020 criteria. The reports sought for retrieval were all the articles evaluating the clinical outcomes of permanent full-mouth rehabilitation, and all in-vitro records that investigated and compared fracture strength, survival rate, and modes of failure of ultrathin (0.3 - 0.6 mm), thin (0.5 - 0.8 mm), and thick (0.8-1.5 mm) occlusal veneer restorations, with regard to the available indirect restorative materials. The Newcastle Ottawa risk of bias criteria was used to judge the clinical studies and a modified consort statement was used for the evaluation of in-vitro studies. The data of the included studies were extracted and grouped based on the similarity of the outcomes and study protocols. Data heterogeneity determined the qualitative and quantitative grouping of the results. RESULTS Two clinical and 17 in-vitro studies were included. Data exhibited heterogeneity within the materials, variables, testing protocols and observation periods. Therefore, only qualitative synthesis of the results was feasible. Clinically used 1 mm lithium disilicate overlays and ultrathin one-step no-prep polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) occlusal veneers exhibited very high success and survival rates. The analysis of in-vitro studies exhibited variable survival rates and fracture load values, based on materials, thickness, and restorative approaches used. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this systematic review, it can be concluded that the clinical outcomes of thin and ultrathin occlusal veneers/overlays are auspicious. In-vitro experimental results support the usage of the thin and ultrathin occlusal veneers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alghauli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen.,Department of Prosthodontic, Propaedeutic and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen.,Substitutive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sebastian Wille
- Department of Prosthodontic, Propaedeutic and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Prosthodontic, Propaedeutic and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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Queiroz-Lima G, Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Maluly-Proni AT, Fagundes TC, Briso ALF, Assunção WG, Delben JA, Santos PHD. Surface characterization of indirect restorative materials submitted to different etching protocols. J Dent 2022; 127:104348. [PMID: 36280006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different times and concentrations of hydrofluoric acid etching on the surface of indirect restorative materials obtained from blocks used in CAD-CAM technology. METHODS Specimens (4 mm × 4 mm × 0.8 mm) were obtained for each indirect restorative material: zirconia-reinforced lithium monosilicate ceramic (Celtra Duo), nanoceramic resin (Lava Ultimate), and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (Vita Enamic). The materials were submitted to etching with 5% or 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20, 40, 60, or 90 s. A control group for each material was evaluated without any surface treatment, totaling nine experimental groups for each material (n = 10). The specimens were evaluated for surface roughness (Ra and Rz), confocal optical microscopy, the contact angle (θ), surface free energy (γs), total free interaction energy (∆G) using a goniometer, and microshear bond strength to resin cement. Specimen images were obtained using scanning electron microscopy, confocal optical microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Data on the surface roughness, the contact angle, surface free energy, total free interaction energy, and bond strength were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey´s test (α=0.05). RESULTS In general, Celtra Duo showed better results after etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 40 or 60 s. Lava Ultimate showed better performance after etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 or 40 s, whereas Vita Enamic showed better results after etching with 5% hydrofluoric acid for 90 s. CONCLUSION Each material showed different characteristics after etching with hydrofluoric acid. Knowledge of the proper protocol for each material is essential to ensure improvements in the adhesion process and durability of indirect restorations. In general, Celtra Duo presented mechanical properties superior to those of Lava Ultimate and Vita Enamic. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Specific etching protocols must be recommended for each indirect material because longer exposure to hydrofluoric acid can jeopardize the surface, thus affecting the mechanical and bond strength properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glívia Queiroz-Lima
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrico Badaoui Strazzi-Sahyon
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015050, Brazil
| | - Ana Teresa Maluly-Proni
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015050, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Cestari Fagundes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Wirley Gonçalves Assunção
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015050, Brazil
| | - Juliana Aparecida Delben
- Department of Dentistry, Western State University of Paraná, Dental School, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015050, Brazil.
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12
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Babaier R, Haider J, Silikas N, Watts DC. Effect of CAD/CAM aesthetic material thickness and translucency on the polymerisation of light- and dual-cured resin cements. Dent Mater 2022; 38:2073-2083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Teche FP, Valenzuela EBS, Tavares JG, Oliveira EWCD, Bittencourt HR, Burnett Júnior LH, Spohr AM. Immediate dentin sealing influences the fracture strength of ultrathin occlusal veneers made of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 133:105331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Schlichting LH, Resende TH, Reis KR, Raybolt Dos Santos A, Correa IC, Magne P. Ultrathin CAD-CAM glass ceramic and composite resin occlusal veneers for the treatment of severe dental erosion: An up to 3-year randomized clinical trial. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:158.e1-158.e12. [PMID: 35750501 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Ultrathin bonded posterior occlusal veneers represent a conservative alternative to traditional onlays and complete coverage crowns for the treatment of erosive dental wear. Data regarding the clinical performance of ceramic and composite resin ultrathin occlusal veneers are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the influence of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative material (ceramic versus composite resin) on the clinical performance of ultrathin occlusal veneers bonded to worn posterior teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eleven participants (mean age, 30.4 years) had their posterior teeth restored with 24 ceramic (e.max CAD) and 36 composite resin (Lava Ultimate) ultrathin occlusal veneers. The material type was assigned randomly. The tooth preparations were trial restoration driven and included immediate dentin sealing (OptiBond FL). The intaglio surfaces of the ceramic restorations were etched with hydrofluoric acid and silanated, and the composite resins were airborne-particle abraded and silanated. The tooth preparations were airborne-particle abraded and etched with phosphoric acid before restoration insertion. All restorations were adhesively luted with preheated composite resin (Filtek Z100). The participants were evaluated according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria at baseline and then each year for up to 3 years. Survival rates were estimated with time to failure (primary outcome of interest) as the endpoint (scores 4 or 5). RESULTS No restorations were lost. Five partial failures, in the form of chipping (all scored 4), were observed in the composite resin group (Lava Ultimate). The Kaplan-Meier survival rates were 100% for ceramic and 84.7% (SE 0.065%) for composite resin. Differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (P=.124). In the surviving restorations, significant difference (P=.003) was found for surface roughness as restorations in the composite resin group experienced some surface degradation. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this medium-term clinical trial suggest that ceramic (e.max CAD) and composite resin (Lava Ultimate) CAD-CAM ultrathin occlusal veneers presented statistically comparable performance regardless of the minor partial failures (restorable chipping) observed in the composite resin group. Higher surface degradation was observed in the composite resin group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Henrique Schlichting
- Associate Professor, Operative Dentistry, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Tayane Holz Resende
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia Rodrigues Reis
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Raybolt Dos Santos
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ivo Carlos Correa
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pascal Magne
- The Don and Sybil Harrington Professor of Esthetic Dentistry, Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
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Nakonieczny DS, Antonowicz M, Heim T, Swinarew AS, Nuckowski P, Matus K, Lemanowicz M. Cenospheres-Reinforced PA-12 Composite: Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Soaking Tests. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122332. [PMID: 35745908 PMCID: PMC9229177 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this research was the preparation of a polymer–ceramic composite with PA-12 as the polymer matrix and modified aluminosilicate cenospheres (CSs) as the ceramic filler. The CSs were subjected to an early purification and cleaning process, which was also taken as a second objective. The CSs were surface modified by a two-step process: (1) etching in Piranha solution and (2) silanization in 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The composite was made for 3D printing by FDM. Raw and modified CSs and a composite with PA-12 were subjected to the following tests: surface development including pores (BET), real density (HP), chemical composition and morphology (SEM/EDS, FTIR), grain analysis (PSD), phase composition (XRD), hardness (HV), and static tensile tests. The composites were subjected to soaking under simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions in artificial saliva for 14, 21, and 29 days. Compared to pure PA-12, PA-12_CS had generally better mechanical properties and was more resistant to SBF at elevated temperatures and soaking times. These results showed this material has potential for use in biomedical applications. These results also showed the necessity of developing a kinetic aging model for aging in different liquids to verify the true value of this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian S. Nakonieczny
- Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-0791515766
| | - Magdalena Antonowicz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Thomas Heim
- Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Andrzej S. Swinarew
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland;
- Institute of Sport Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Nuckowski
- Materials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18 A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Matus
- Materials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18 A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Marcin Lemanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Schroeder G, Rösch P, Kunzelmann KH. Influence of the preparation design on the survival probability of occlusal veneers. Dent Mater 2022; 38:646-654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Gao J, Jia L, Tan X, Yu H. Three-dimensional Quantification of Enamel Preservation in Tooth Preparation for Porcelain Laminate Veneers: A Fully Digital Workflow In Vitro Study. Oper Dent 2022; 47:183-189. [PMID: 35029681 DOI: 10.2341/20-286-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the preservation of enamel after tooth preparation for porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) at different preparation depths based on a fully digital workflow. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty extracted human maxillary anterior teeth, including 20 maxillary central incisors (MCIs), 20 maxillary lateral incisors (MLIs), and 20 maxillary canines (MCs) underwent microcomputed tomography (CT) scanning, and were reconstructed as three-dimensional (3D) enamel and dentin models. Subsequently, the three-dimensional (3D) enamel models were imported into Materialise, where each enamel model underwent seven types of virtual preparation for PLVs at preparation depths at 0.1-mm increments from 0.1-0.3-0.5 mm (D1) to 0.7-0.9-1.1 mm (D7). The enamel surface was depicted by merging the virtual preparation and, respective, dentin models. The enamel area and prepared surface were measured to calculate the percentage of enamel (R%). The data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α=0.05). RESULTS The group-wise mean (standard deviation) R values for the MCIs were as follows: D1-D3: 100.00 (0) each, and D4-D7: 74.70 (2.45), 51.40 (5.12), 24.40 (3.06), and 0.00 (0), respectively. The group-wise mean R values for the MLIs were 100.00 (0), 73.70 (3.40), 53.50 (3.44), 25.20 (3.79), and 0.90 (0.99) for the D1-D5 groups, respectively; and 0.00 (0) each for the D6-D7 groups. The group-wise mean (standard deviations) R values for the MCs were as follows: D1-D3: 100.00 (0) each, and D4-D7: 99.00 (1.34), 77.10 (3.28), 74.20 (3.61), and 52.20 (4.09), respectively. The one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences between the seven groups in the MCIs, MLIs, and MCs (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results recommended preparation depths of up to 0.3-0.5-0.7 mm (MCIs), 0.1-0.3-0.5 mm (MLIs), and 0.4-0.6-0.8 mm (MCs) to facilitate complete intraenamel preparation. Moreover, 50% enamel was preserved at preparation depths of 0.5-0.7-0.9 mm (MCIs), 0.3-0.5-0.7 mm (MLIs), and 0.7-0.9-1.1 mm (MCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gao
- Jing Gao, DDS, MSc, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - L Jia
- Luming Jia, DDS, MSc, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - X Tan
- Xin Tan, DDS, MSc, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - H Yu
- *Haiyang Yu, DDS, MSc, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Lima VP, Machado JB, Zhang Y, Loomans BAC, Moraes RR. Laboratory methods to simulate the mechanical degradation of resin composite restorations. Dent Mater 2022; 38:214-229. [PMID: 34949477 PMCID: PMC9903973 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study reviewed the literature to identify in vitro approaches that have been used to simulate the mechanical degradation and fatigue of resin composite restorations. METHODS A search for articles was carried out in 4 databases and included studies in which composite restorations were bonded to teeth and subject to cyclic loading. Articles were assessed for eligibility, and the following items were the extracted from the included studies: authors, country, year, materials tested, simulation device and details including load magnitude and frequency, number of cycles, type of antagonist, test medium, and temperature. Data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS The 49 studies included showed a high level of heterogeneity in methods, devices, and test parameters. Nineteen different simulation devices were used, applying loads varying between 30 and 2900 N, and frequencies varying between 0.4 and 12 Hz. The load and frequency used most often were ~ 50 N (63.3%) and 1.5-1.7 Hz (32.7%). The number of cycles varied between 10 K and 2.4 M, 1.2 M was the most prevalent (40.8%). The majority of studies combined cyclic loading with at least one additional aging method: static liquid storage, thermo-mechanical cycling applied simultaneously, and thermal cycling as a discrete aging step were the three most frequent methods. The overall evidence indicated reporting problems, and suggested a lack of clinical validation of the research methods used. SIGNIFICANCE Validation studies, underlying clinical supporting data, and better reporting practices are needed for further improving research on the topic. Specific suggestions for future studies are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica P Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bas A C Loomans
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ohse L, Stona D, Sly MM, Burnett Júnior LH, Spohr AM. Fracture strength of teeth restored with milled ultrathin occlusal veneers made of polymer-infiltrated ceramic. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:105-113. [PMID: 34877972 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose was to evaluate, in vitro, the fracture strength of teeth restored with 0.3- or 0.6-mm-thick occlusal veneers made of Vita Enamic® bonded to enamel or dentin. Fifty third molars were allocated into five groups (n=10): Group C - control (sound teeth); Group 0.3E - 0.3-mm-thick occlusal veneers bonded to enamel; Group 0.6E - 0.6-mm-thick occlusal veneers bonded to enamel; Group 0.3D - 0.3-mm-thick occlusal veneers bonded to dentin; Group 0.6D - 0.6-mm-thick occlusal veneers bonded to dentin. After luting with Single Bond Universal and Filtek Z-100, the samples were subjected to fracture strength test in a universal testing machine. The fractures were classified as irreparable and reparable. Data were analyzed with 2-way and 1-way ANOVA (α=.05) followed by Tukey's test. The teeth restored with 0.3-mm-thick occlusal veneers (2658 N) achieved significantly higher fracture strength compared to the teeth restored with 0.6-mm-thick occlusal veneers (2070 N) (p=0.017). The teeth restored with occlusal veneers bonded to enamel (2648 N) had significantly higher fracture strength compared to the teeth restored with occlusal veneers bonded to dentin (2049 N) (p=0.015). Group C (3355 N) and Group 0.3E (2965 N) did not differ significantly from each other, being the fracture strength significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05). The fractures were predominantly reparable. The teeth restored with 0.3-mm-thick occlusal veneers achieved higher fracture strength compared to the teeth restored with 0.6-mm-thick occlusal veneers. The supporting substrate influenced the fracture strength, which was higher for the teeth restored with occlusal veneers bonded to enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte Ohse
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUC-RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Deborah Stona
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUC-RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marília M Sly
- Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Universtity of Texas, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Texas, Houston, USA
| | - Luiz Henrique Burnett Júnior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUC-RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUC-RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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20
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Ladino L, Sanjuan ME, Valdez DJ, Eslava RA. Clinical and Biomechanical Performance of Occlusal Veneers: A Scoping Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021; 22:1327-1337. [PMID: 35343461 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM This manuscript aims to evaluate, through a scoping review, current knowledge of the biomechanical behavior, materials, preparations, and limitations of occlusal veneers. BACKGROUND Occlusal veneers are a minimally invasive alternative for the additive restoration of posterior teeth with significant loss of the occlusal structure. This type of restoration has been emerged in recent years as an alternative to invasive treatment, which in the same way seeks to restore the structure of the posterior teeth. All this is because in recent years restorative dentistry has focused a large part of its objectives on conservative therapies. REVIEW RESULTS Five electronic databases-PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar-were searched. Title and abstracts were independently screened by three reviewers, followed by a full-text review. A total of 42 articles met our inclusion criteria; most of these studies were in vitro (n = 35) and other studies were clinical studies (n = 7). These in vitro studies included 21 studies that analyzed the type of preparation and 6 studies that evaluated the limitations of occlusal veneers. CONCLUSION Thicknesses between 0.7 and 1.0 mm are recommended for ceramic materials; in addition, thicknesses less than 0.7 mm are recommended to use polymeric materials. The materials used for this type of restoration are plastic- and ceramic-based materials, whose load resistance values were found to exceed 2000 N in most studies. It is recommended to carry out a minimally invasive preparation or not to carry out a dental preparation, as long as there is a peripheral enamel to make an external bevel that redirects the eccentric forces to the axis of the tooth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Restorative dentistry has moved toward conservative treatments with the least amount of dental tissue being removed. Occlusal veneers appear to be a conservative option in the reconstruction of tooth tissues lost due to tooth wear and in cases where it is necessary to restore or increase the vertical dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- LuisGabriel Ladino
- LuisGabriel Ladino, Department of Prosthodontics, Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia (UNICOC), Bogota, DC, Colombia, Phone: +57 3057979215, e-mail:
| | - Martin Eduardo Sanjuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia (UNICOC), Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Darell Josué Valdez
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia (UNICOC), Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Rosa Angelica Eslava
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia (UNICOC), Bogota, DC, Colombia
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Meng Q, Zhang Y, Chi D, Gong Q, Tong Z. Resistance fracture of minimally prepared endocrowns made by three types of restorative materials: a 3D finite element analysis. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:137. [PMID: 34716807 PMCID: PMC8557147 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A thin endocrown restoration was often applied in endodontically treated teeth with vertical bite height loss or inadequate clinical crown length. A model of mandibular molars made by endocrown restoration with 1 mm thickness and 2 mm depth of pulp chamber was constructed and imported into FEA ANSYS v18.0 software. The three CAD/CAM materials, feldspathic (Mark2), lithium disilicate (EMAX), and lava ultimate (LU), were assigned, and the five load indenters were loaded on the full occlusal (FO), occlusal center (OC), central fossa (CF), buccal groove (BG), and mesiobuccal cusp (MC) of restoration in the model. The MinPS and MaxPS of the thin endocrown were significantly higher than those of tooth tissue in five types of loads except for the LU endocrown loaded in the FO group. The smaller the contact surface of the load was, the higher MaxPS and MinPS were. MaxPS and MinPS of the MC were the highest, followed by the BG and CF in the restoration. In the stress distribution of tooth tissue, MaxPS in the LU endocrown accumulated at the external edge of enamel and was significantly higher than MaxPS in Mark2 and EMAX endocrown concentrated on the chamber wall of dentin under OC, CF and BG loads. Within the limitations of this FEA study, the LU endocrown transferred more stress to tooth tissue than Mark2 and EMAX, and the maximum principal stress on endocrown restoration and tooth tissue at the mesiobuccal cusp load was higher than that at the central fossa and buccal groove load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhen Meng
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuejiao Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Danlu Chi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qimei Gong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongchun Tong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Al-Zordk W, Saudi A, Abdelkader A, Taher M, Ghazy M. Fracture Resistance and Failure Mode of Mandibular Molar Restored by Occlusal Veneer: Effect of Material Type and Dental Bonding Surface. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216476. [PMID: 34772003 PMCID: PMC8585144 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses the effect of the material type (lithium disilicate, zirconia, and polymer-infiltrated ceramic) and dental bonding substrates (dentin, dentin with intra-coronal cavity, and dentin with composite filling) on the fracture resistance and failure mode of molars restored by occlusal veneers. Methods: Ninety occlusal veneers, fabricated from either lithium disilicate, zirconia, or polymer-infiltrated ceramic, were adhesively bonded to teeth prepared with either dentin, dentin with intra-coronal cavity, or dentin with composite filling. All specimens were thermally aged (5000 cycles), then load cycled (120,000 cycles). Each specimen was subjected to a compressive load through fracture, then was examined (×20) to identify the fracture type. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: Material type and dental substrate had no significant effect on the fracture resistance of adhesively retained occlusal veneer restorations. For each material, no significant differences were found between veneers bonded to dentin, dentin with intra-coronal cavity, and dentin with composite filling. Additionally, within each bonding substrate, there were no significant differences between lithium disilicate, zirconia, and polymer-infiltrated ceramic veneers. The adhesive failure was recorded mainly with zirconia occlusal veneer restorations. Conclusions: Considering the fracture results, lithium disilicate, zirconia, and polymer-infiltrated ceramic occlusal veneers perform well whatever the type of dental bonding surface. When the dental bonding surface varies, different occlusal veneer materials should be considered. Occlusal veneers bonded to dentin, dentin with composite filling, or dentin with an intra-coronal cavity exhibited a fracture resistance exceeding the average human masticatory forces in the molar area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Al-Zordk
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (A.S.); (A.A.); (M.G.)
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Horus University, Damietta 34511, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-010-0890-6074
| | - Alaa Saudi
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (A.S.); (A.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Abdelraheem Abdelkader
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (A.S.); (A.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Mansoura Taher
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Ghazy
- Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (A.S.); (A.A.); (M.G.)
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Comparison of Fracture Load of the Four Translucent Zirconia Crowns. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175308. [PMID: 34500741 PMCID: PMC8433771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, translucent zirconia has become the most prevalent material used as a restorative material. This study aimed to compare the crown fracture load of the four most common different translucent zirconia brands available in the market at 1.5 mm thickness. Standardized tooth preparations for a full ceramic crown were designed digitally with software (AutoCAD) by placing a 1.0 mm chamfer margin and 1.5 mm occluso-cervical curvature for the crown sample manufacturing. Stylized crowns were chosen to control the thickness of the crown. The axial and occlusal thickness were standardized to 1.5 mm thickness except at the central pit, which was 1.3 mm thick. The STL file for the tooth dies was prepared using software (3Shape TRIOS® Patient Monitoring, Copenhagen, Denmark). The tooth dies were printed with a resin material (NextDent Model 2.0, Vertex-Dental B.V., Soesterberg, The Netherlands) using a 3D printing software (3D Sprint® Client Version 3.0.0.2494) from a 3D printer (NextDent™ 5100, Vertex-Dental B.V., Soesterberg, The Netherlands). The printing layer thickness was 50 µm. Then, a total of twenty-eight (N = 28) stylized crowns were milled out of AmannGirrbach (Amann Girrbach GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany) (n = 7), Cercon HT (Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) (n = 7), Cercon XT (Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) (n = 7), and Vita YZ XT (Zahnfabrik, Bäd Sackingen, Germany) (n = 7). Following sintering the crowns, sandblasting was performed and they were bonded to the tooth dies with the resin cement (RelyX U-200, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) and permitted to self-cure under finger pressure for 6 min. The crowns were loaded on the occlusal surface in a universal testing machine (MTS Centurion) with a stainless-steel ball indenter (7 mm radius) with a loading rate of 1 mm/min to contact the stylized crowns on each of the four cusps until failure. A rubber sheet (1.5 mm thickness) was positioned between the crown and indenter, which helped with the load distribution. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (IBM Company, Chicago, USA). The fracture loads were analyzed using Dunnett’s T3 test, and the number of cracks was analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test among the groups. The significant level was set at p value = 0.05. The mean fracture loads were 3086.54 ± 441.74 N, 4804.94 ± 70.12 N, 3317.76 ± 199.80 N, and 2921.87 ± 349.67 N for AmannGirrbac, Cercon HT, Cercon XT, and Vita YZ XT, respectively. The mean fracture loads for the surfaces with the greatest number of cracks (excluding the occlusal surfaces) were on the lingual surface for AmannGirrbach and Cercon HT, on the distal and mesial for Cercon XT, and on the buccal for Vita YZ XT. We found that the AmannGirrbach had the most overall cracks. Cercon XT had the greatest number of occlusal cracks and appeared to be the most shattered. Cercon HT had the least number of cracks. In conclusion, Cercon HT presented the best strength properties, the highest fracture load, and no visible cracks. AmannGirrbach presented the lowest strength properties.
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Peng M, Li C, Huang C, Liang S. Digital technologies to facilitate minimally invasive rehabilitation of a severely worn dentition: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 126:167-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Valenzuela EBS, Andrade JP, da Cunha PFJS, Bittencourt HR, Spohr AM. Fracture load of CAD/CAM ultrathin occlusal veneers luted to enamel or dentin. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:516-521. [PMID: 32949221 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate, in vitro, the fracture load of IPS e.max CAD occlusal veneers at thicknesses of either 0.3 or 0.6 mm luted to enamel or dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty human molars were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 10): G1 - healthy teeth (control); G2-0.3-mm-thick veneers luted to enamel; G3-0.6-mm-thick veneers luted to enamel; G4-0.3-mm-thick veneers luted to dentin; and G5-0.6-mm-thick veneers luted to dentin. After the luting procedures, the specimens were immersed in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and then subjected to mechanical loading (106 cycles at 200 N load). The specimens were subjected to a fracture load test in a universal testing machine. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05) were used to analyze data. RESULTS Only the thickness factor was significant (P = .002). Values of fracture load followed by distinct letters represent significant differences (P < .05): G1 (3204 N ± 730)ab ; G2 (3144 N ± 729)ab ; G3 (2489 N ± 606)b ; G4 (3591 N ± 776)a ; and G5 (2770 N ± 598)ab . CONCLUSION IPS e.max ultrathin occlusal veneers luted to enamel or dentin obtained fracture load comparable to that of the healthy tooth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE IPS e.max CAD ultrathin occlusal veneers at 0.3 or 0.6-mm-thick seem to provide good perspectives in relation to the clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonas Pereira Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Radke Bittencourt
- Department of Statistics, School of Mathematics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 124:274-349. [PMID: 32811666 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive review of the 2019 restorative dental literature is offered to inform busy dentists regarding remarkable publications and noteworthy progress made in the profession. Developed by the Scientific Investigation Committee of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry, each author brings discipline-specific expertise to 1 of 8 sections of the report: (1) prosthodontics; (2) periodontics, alveolar bone, and peri-implant tissues; (3) implant dentistry; (4) dental materials and therapeutics; (5) occlusion and temporomandibular disorders; (6) sleep-related breathing disorders; (7) oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery; and (8) dental caries and cariology. The report targets important information likely to influence day-to-day dental treatment decisions. Each review is not intended to stand alone but to update interested readers so that they may visit source material when greater detail is desired. As the profession moves toward evidence-based clinical decision-making, an incredible volume of potentially valuable dental literature continues to increase. It is the intention of this review and its authors to provide assistance in negotiating the extensive dental literature published in 2019. It is our hope that readers find this work useful in the clinical management of dental patients.
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