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Kweon J, Lee H, Park J, Hong T, An G, Song G, Lim W, Jeong W. Developmental and organ toxicity of fenpropimorph in zebrafish: Involvement of apoptosis and inflammation. Chem Biol Interact 2025; 415:111512. [PMID: 40239885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2025.111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
Pesticides are increasingly the focus as a prominent factor in environmental pollution. Fenpropimorph, a widely utilized morpholine fungicide, is a significant water pollutant. Because of its extensive usage, fenpropimorph is readily detected in diverse aquatic ecosystems. Despite its well-known toxicity to aquatic organisms, its toxicity to zebrafish development and accompanying mechanics remain unexplored. To assess fenpropimorph's toxicity and potential mechanism, we employed the zebrafish model, a representative tool in toxicological studies. Our results showed that exposure to fenpropimorph reduced embryonic viability during the early stages of development and reduced head and body size. Moreover, fenpropimorph triggered apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and inflammation. Aberrations in the vascular network were observed in the fli1:eGFP transgenic zebrafish model. Additionally, neurotoxic impacts were further assessed using transgenic olig2:dsRed zebrafish, accompanied by a reduction of liver size and fluorescence intensity of fabp10a:dsRed zebrafish. mRNA expression analysis related to corresponding organ development further supported our data. Overall, our research suggests that fenpropimorph may cause aberrations in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhun Kweon
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wooyoung Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Ferrari K, Gurung S, Loges LN, Batta SPR, Hammond MA, Griciunaite M, DeMoya R, Restrepo NK, Sumanas S. Zebrafish Kelch-like family member 4 is required for vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis. Dev Biol 2025; 525:1-12. [PMID: 40404079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/24/2025]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms regulating vascular development and hematopoiesis are still incompletely understood. The KLHL (Kelch-like) family of proteins function as adapters to target proteins for ubiquitination. However, their role in vascular development has not been previously analyzed. Here we have characterized a novel regulator of vascular development, kelch-like family member 4 (klhl4) in zebrafish. We show that zebrafish klhl4 is expressed in early vascular endothelial and hematopoietic progenitors, while its expression is restricted to vascular endothelial cells during later developmental stages. To determine the functional role of klhl4, we generated loss-of-function zebrafish mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. klhl4 mutant embryos were viable, yet they exhibited delayed sprouting of intersegmental vessels (ISVs), which correlated with reduced expression of vascular endothelial and erythroid specific molecular markers. Time-lapse imaging showed that vascular endothelial and hematopoietic progenitor cells exhibit delayed migration towards the midline and undergo increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation in klhl4 mutants. Expression of npas4l and etv2/etsrp, two master regulators of endothelial and hematopoietic development, was reduced in klhl4 mutants, suggesting that some vascular defects could be caused by the reduction of npas4l and etv2 expression. However, npas4l or etv2 overexpression failed to rescue ISV sprouting defects in klhl4 mutants, suggesting that klhl4 may promote vasculogenesis by additional mechanisms. In summary, our findings demonstrate a novel role for zebrafish klhl4 in regulating vascular endothelial and hematopoietic development during embryogenesis. Because the Klhl4 protein sequence is highly conserved between different vertebrates, it is likely that it may play a similar role in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Ferrari
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Suman Gurung
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Luiza N Loges
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Surya Prakash Rao Batta
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Myles A Hammond
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Martyna Griciunaite
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Ricardo DeMoya
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Nicole K Restrepo
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- University of South Florida, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA.
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3
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Ming Z, Liu F, Moran HR, Lalonde RL, Adams M, Restrepo NK, Joshi P, Ekker SC, Clark KJ, Friedberg I, Sumanas S, Yin C, Mosimann C, Essner JJ, McGrail M. Lineage labeling with zebrafish hand2 Cre and CreERT2 recombinase CRISPR knock-ins. Dev Dyn 2025. [PMID: 40135929 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.70022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to generate endogenous Cre recombinase drivers using CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in technology allows lineage tracing, cell type-specific gene studies, and in vivo validation of inferred developmental trajectories from phenotypic and gene expression analyses. This report describes endogenous zebrafish hand2 Cre and CreERT2 drivers generated with GeneWeld CRISPR-Cas9 precision targeted integration. RESULTS hand2-2A-cre and hand2-2A-creERT2 knock-ins crossed with ubiquitous loxP-based Switch reporters led to broad labeling in expected mesodermal and neural crest-derived lineages in branchial arches, cardiac, fin, liver, intestine, and mesothelial tissues, as well as enteric neurons. Novel patterns of hand2 lineage tracing appeared in venous blood vessels. CreERT2 induction at 24 h reveals hand2-expressing cells in the 24- to 48-h embryo contribute to the venous and intestinal vasculature. Induction in 3 dpf larvae restricts hand2 lineage labeling to mesoderm-derived components of the branchial arches, heart, liver, and enteric neurons. CONCLUSIONS hand2 progenitors from the lateral plate mesoderm and ectoderm contribute to numerous lineages in the developing embryo. At later stages, hand2-expressing cells are restricted to a subset of lineages in the larva. The endogenous hand2 Cre and CreERT2 drivers establish critical new tools to investigate hand2 lineages in zebrafish embryogenesis and larval organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Ming
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Hannah R Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert L Lalonde
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Megan Adams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicole K Restrepo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Parnal Joshi
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Stephen C Ekker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Karl J Clark
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Iddo Friedberg
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chunyue Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Maura McGrail
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Lupu IE, Grainger DE, Kirschnick N, Weischer S, Zhao E, Martinez-Corral I, Schoofs H, Vanhollebeke M, Jones G, Godwin J, Forrow A, Lahmann I, Riley PR, Zobel T, Alitalo K, Mäkinen T, Kiefer F, Stone OA. Direct specification of lymphatic endothelium from mesenchymal progenitors. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2025; 4:45-63. [PMID: 39747454 PMCID: PMC11738995 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs) are generally described to arise from a common pool of progenitors termed angioblasts, which diversify through iterative steps of differentiation to form functionally distinct subtypes of ECs. A key example is the formation of lymphatic ECs (LECs), which are thought to arise largely through transdifferentiation from venous endothelium. Opposing this model, here we show that the initial expansion of mammalian LECs is primarily driven by the in situ differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors and does not require transition through an intermediate venous state. Single-cell genomics and lineage-tracing experiments revealed a population of paraxial mesoderm-derived Etv2+Prox1+ progenitors that directly give rise to LECs. Morphometric analyses of early LEC proliferation and migration, and mutants that disrupt lymphatic development supported these findings. Collectively, this work establishes a cellular blueprint for LEC specification and indicates that discrete pools of mesenchymal progenitors can give rise to specialized subtypes of ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina-Elena Lupu
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David E Grainger
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nils Kirschnick
- University of Münster, European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Münster, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Weischer
- University of Münster, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Imaging Network, Münster, Germany
| | - Erica Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ines Martinez-Corral
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Schoofs
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Vanhollebeke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Grace Jones
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan Godwin
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aden Forrow
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ines Lahmann
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Neurowissenschaftliches Forschungzentrum, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Zobel
- University of Münster, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Imaging Network, Münster, Germany
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Friedemann Kiefer
- University of Münster, European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Münster, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany.
| | - Oliver A Stone
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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5
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Perens EA, Yelon D. Drivers of vessel progenitor fate define intermediate mesoderm dimensions by inhibiting kidney progenitor specification. Dev Biol 2025; 517:126-139. [PMID: 39307382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Proper organ formation depends on the precise delineation of organ territories containing defined numbers of progenitor cells. Kidney progenitors reside in bilateral stripes of posterior mesoderm that are referred to as the intermediate mesoderm (IM). Previously, we showed that the transcription factors Hand2 and Osr1 act to strike a balance between the specification of the kidney progenitors in the IM and the vessel progenitors in the laterally adjacent territory. Recently, the transcription factor Npas4l - an early and essential driver of vessel and blood progenitor formation - was shown to inhibit kidney development. Here we demonstrate how kidney progenitor specification is coordinated by hand2, osr1, and npas4l. We find that npas4l and the IM marker pax2a are transiently co-expressed in the posterior lateral mesoderm, and npas4l is necessary to inhibit IM formation. Consistent with the expression of npas4l flanking the medial and lateral sides of the IM, our findings suggest roles for npas4l in defining the IM boundaries at each of these borders. At the lateral IM border, hand2 promotes and osr1 inhibits the formation of npas4l-expressing lateral vessel progenitors, and hand2 requires npas4l to inhibit IM formation and to promote vessel formation. Meanwhile, npas4l appears to have an additional role in suppressing IM fate at the medial border: npas4l loss-of-function enhances hand2 mutant IM defects and results in excess IM generated outside of the lateral hand2-expressing territory. Together, our findings reveal that establishment of the medial and lateral boundaries of the IM requires inhibition of kidney progenitor specification by the neighboring drivers of vessel progenitor fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot A Perens
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Deborah Yelon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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6
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Ming Z, Liu F, Moran HR, Lalonde RL, Adams M, Restrepo NK, Joshi P, Ekker SC, Clark KJ, Friedberg I, Sumanas S, Yin C, Mosimann C, Essner JJ, McGrail M. Lineage labeling with zebrafish hand2 Cre and CreERT2 recombinase CRISPR knock-ins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.12.04.626907. [PMID: 39677658 PMCID: PMC11643050 DOI: 10.1101/2024.12.04.626907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
Background The ability to generate endogenous Cre recombinase drivers using CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in technology allows lineage tracing, cell type specific gene studies, and in vivo validation of inferred developmental trajectories from phenotypic and gene expression analyses. This report describes endogenous zebrafish hand2 Cre and CreERT2 drivers generated with GeneWeld CRISPR-Cas9 precision targeted integration. Results hand2-2A-cre and hand2-2A-creERT2 knock-ins crossed with ubiquitous loxP-based Switch reporters led to broad labeling in expected mesodermal and neural crest-derived lineages in cardiac, pectoral fins, pharyngeal arch, liver, intestine, and mesothelial tissues, as well as enteric neurons. Novel patterns of hand2 lineage tracing appeared in venous blood vessels. CreERT2 induction at 24 hours reveals late emerging hand2 progenitors in the 24 - 48 hour embryo contribute to the venous and intestinal vasculature. Induction in 3 dpf larva restricts hand2 lineage labeling to mesoderm-derived components of the branchial arches, heart, liver and enteric neurons. Conclusions hand2 progenitors from the lateral plate mesoderm and ectoderm contribute to numerous lineages in the developing embryo. Later emerging hand2 progenitors become restricted to a subset of lineages in the larva. The hand2 Cre and CreERT2 drivers establish critical new tools to investigate hand2 lineages in zebrafish embryogenesis and larval organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Ming
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1101 USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1101 USA
| | - Hannah R. Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Robert L. Lalonde
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Megan Adams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
| | - Nicole K. Restrepo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Parnal Joshi
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1134 USA
| | - Stephen C. Ekker
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Karl J. Clark
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471 USA
| | - Iddo Friedberg
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1134 USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Chunyue Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1101 USA
| | - Maura McGrail
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1101 USA
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Lee H, An G, Lim W, Song G. Flusilazole induced developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and cardiovascular toxicity via apoptosis and oxidative stress in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 284:109993. [PMID: 39106914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Flusilazole is a well-known triazole fungicide applied to various crops and fruits worldwide. Flusilazole residues are frequently detected in the environment, and many researchers have reported the hazardous effects of flusilazole on non-target organisms; however, the developmental toxicity of flusilazole has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated flusilazole-induced developmental defects in zebrafish, which are used in toxicology studies to assess the toxic effects of chemicals on aquatic species or vertebrates. We confirmed that flusilazole exposure affected the viability and hatching rate of zebrafish larvae, and resulted in morphological defects, reduced body length, diminished eye and head sizes, and inflated pericardial edema. Apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation were also observed. These factors interrupted the normal organ formation during early developmental stages, and transgenic models were used to identify organ defects. We confirmed the effects of flusilazole on the nervous system using olig2:dsRed transgenic zebrafish, and on the cardiovascular system using cmlc2:dsRed and fli1:eGFP transgenic zebrafish. Our results demonstrate the developmental toxicity of flusilazole and its mechanisms in zebrafish as well as the detrimental effects of flusilazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Wang WG, Jiang XF, Zhang C, Zhan XP, Cheng JG, Tao LM, Xu WP, Li Z, Zhang Y. Avermectin induced vascular damage in zebrafish larvae: association with mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and VEGF/Notch signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135376. [PMID: 39111175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Avermectin is a highly effective insecticide that has been widely used in agriculture since the 1990s. In recent years, the safety of avermectin for non-target organisms has received much attention. The vasculature is important organs in the body and participate in the composition of other organs. However, studies on the vascular safety of avermectin are lacking. The vasculature of zebrafish larvae is characterized by ease of observation and it is a commonly used model for vascular studies. Therefore, zebrafish larvae were used to explore the potential risk of avermectin on the vasculature. The results showed that avermectin induced vascular damage throughout the body of zebrafish larvae, including the head, eyes, intestine, somite, tail and other vasculature. The main forms of damage are reduction in vascular diameter, vascular area and vascular abundance. Meanwhile, avermectin induced a decrease in the number of endothelial cells and apoptosis within the vasculature. In addition, vascular damage may be related to impairment of mitochondrial function and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Finally, exploration of the molecular mechanisms revealed abnormal alterations in the expression of genes related to the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway. Therefore, the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway may be an important mechanism for avermectin-induced vascular damage in zebrafish larvae. This study demonstrates the vascular toxicity of avermectin in zebrafish larvae and reveals the possible molecular mechanism, which would hopefully draw more attention to the safety of avermectin in non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xu-Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Xiu-Ping Zhan
- Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Jia-Gao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li-Ming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen-Ping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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9
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Jeong JY, Bafor AE, Freeman BH, Chen PR, Park ES, Kim E. Pathophysiology in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Focus on Endothelial Dysfunctions and Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1795. [PMID: 39200259 PMCID: PMC11351371 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) substantially increase the risk for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the treatment options for bAVMs are severely limited, primarily relying on invasive methods that carry their own risks for intraoperative hemorrhage or even death. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical agents shown to treat this condition, primarily due to a poor understanding of bAVM pathophysiology. For the last decade, bAVM research has made significant advances, including the identification of novel genetic mutations and relevant signaling in bAVM development. However, bAVM pathophysiology is still largely unclear. Further investigation is required to understand the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms involved, which will enable the development of safer and more effective treatment options. Endothelial cells (ECs), the cells that line the vascular lumen, are integral to the pathogenesis of bAVMs. Understanding the fundamental role of ECs in pathological conditions is crucial to unraveling bAVM pathophysiology. This review focuses on the current knowledge of bAVM-relevant signaling pathways and dysfunctions in ECs, particularly the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eunhee Kim
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.Y.J.); (A.E.B.); (B.H.F.); (P.R.C.); (E.S.P.)
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10
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Phng LK, Hogan BM. Endothelial cell transitions in zebrafish vascular development. Dev Growth Differ 2024; 66:357-368. [PMID: 39072708 PMCID: PMC11457512 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, developmental biologists have come to view vascular development as a series of progressive transitions. Mesoderm differentiates into endothelial cells; arteries, veins and lymphatic endothelial cells are specified from early endothelial cells; and vascular networks diversify and invade developing tissues and organs. Our understanding of this elaborate developmental process has benefitted from detailed studies using the zebrafish as a model system. Here, we review a number of key developmental transitions that occur in zebrafish during the formation of the blood and lymphatic vessel networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Phng
- Laboratory for Vascular Morphogenesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Programme, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and the Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Clements WK, Khoury H. The molecular and cellular hematopoietic stem cell specification niche. Exp Hematol 2024; 136:104280. [PMID: 39009276 PMCID: PMC11338702 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a population of tissue-specific stem cells that reside in the bone marrow of adult mammals, where they self-renew and continuously regenerate the adult hematopoietic lineages over the life of the individual. Prominence as a stem cell model and clinical usefulness have driven interest in understanding the physiologic processes that lead to the specification of HSCs during embryonic development. High-efficiency directed differentiation of HSCs by the instruction of defined progenitor cells using sequentially defined instructive molecules and conditions remains impossible, indicating that comprehensive knowledge of the complete set of precursor intermediate identities and required inductive inputs remains incompletely understood. Recently, interest in the molecular and cellular microenvironment where HSCs are specified from endothelial precursors-the "specification niche"-has increased. Here we review recent progress in understanding these niche spaces across vertebrate phyla, as well as how a better characterization of the origin and molecular phenotypes of the niche cell populations has helped inform and complicate previous understanding of signaling required for HSC emergence and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson K Clements
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN.
| | - Hanane Khoury
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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12
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Kiskin FN, Yang Y, Yang H, Zhang JZ. Cracking the code of the cardiovascular enigma: hPSC-derived endothelial cells unveil the secrets of endothelial dysfunction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 192:65-78. [PMID: 38761989 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a central contributor to the development of most cardiovascular diseases and is characterised by the reduced synthesis or bioavailability of the vasodilator nitric oxide together with other abnormalities such as inflammation, senescence, and oxidative stress. The use of patient-specific and genome-edited human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (hPSC-ECs) has shed novel insights into the role of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases with strong genetic components such as genetic cardiomyopathies and pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, their utility in studying complex multifactorial diseases such as atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome and heart failure poses notable challenges. In this review, we provide an overview of the different methods used to generate and characterise hPSC-ECs before comprehensively assessing their effectiveness in cardiovascular disease modelling and high-throughput drug screening. Furthermore, we explore current obstacles that will need to be overcome to unleash the full potential of hPSC-ECs in facilitating patient-specific precision medicine. Addressing these challenges holds great promise in advancing our understanding of intricate cardiovascular diseases and in tailoring personalised therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedir N Kiskin
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
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13
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Lee H, Park W, An G, Park J, Lim W, Song G. Hexaconazole induces developmental toxicities via apoptosis, inflammation, and alterations of Akt and MAPK signaling cascades. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 279:109872. [PMID: 38423198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hexaconazole is a highly effective triazole fungicide that is frequently applied in various countries to elevate crop productivity. Given its long half-life and high water solubility, this fungicide is frequently detected in the environment, including water sources. Moreover, hexaconazole exerts hazardous effects on nontarget organisms. However, little is known about the toxic effects of hexaconazole on animal development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the developmental toxicity of hexaconazole to zebrafish, a valuable animal model for toxicological studies, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that hexaconazole affected the viability and hatching rate of zebrafish at 96 h postfertilization. Hexaconazole-treated zebrafish showed phenotypic defects, such as reduced size of head and eyes and enlarged pericardiac edema. Moreover, hexaconazole induced apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and inflammation in developing zebrafish. Various organ defects, including neurotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, and hepatotoxicity, were observed in transgenic zebrafish models olig2:dsRed, fli1:eGFP, and l-fabp:dsRed. Furthermore, hexaconazole treatment altered the Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, which possibly triggered the organ defects and other toxic mechanisms. This study demonstrated the developmental toxicity of hexaconazole to zebrafish and elucidated the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Furtado J, Eichmann A. Vascular development, remodeling and maturation. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 159:344-370. [PMID: 38729681 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of the vascular system is crucial in supporting the growth and health of all other organs in the body, and vascular system dysfunction is the major cause of human morbidity and mortality. This chapter discusses three successive processes that govern vascular system development, starting with the differentiation of the primitive vascular system in early embryonic development, followed by its remodeling into a functional circulatory system composed of arteries and veins, and its final maturation and acquisition of an organ specific semi-permeable barrier that controls nutrient uptake into tissues and hence controls organ physiology. Along these steps, endothelial cells forming the inner lining of all blood vessels acquire extensive heterogeneity in terms of gene expression patterns and function, that we are only beginning to understand. These advances contribute to overall knowledge of vascular biology and are predicted to unlock the unprecedented therapeutic potential of the endothelium as an avenue for treatment of diseases associated with dysfunctional vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Furtado
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anne Eichmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Inserm U970, Université Paris, Paris, France.
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15
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Loh KM, Ang LT. Building human artery and vein endothelial cells from pluripotent stem cells, and enduring mysteries surrounding arteriovenous development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:62-75. [PMID: 37393122 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their manifold roles in health and disease, there have been intense efforts to synthetically generate blood vessels in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). However, there are multiple types of blood vessel, including arteries and veins, which are molecularly and functionally different. How can we specifically generate either arterial or venous endothelial cells (ECs) from hPSCs in vitro? Here, we summarize how arterial or venous ECs arise during embryonic development. VEGF and NOTCH arbitrate the bifurcation of arterial vs. venous ECs in vivo. While manipulating these two signaling pathways biases hPSC differentiation towards arterial and venous identities, efficiently generating these two subtypes of ECs has remained challenging until recently. Numerous questions remain to be fully addressed. What is the complete identity, timing and combination of extracellular signals that specify arterial vs. venous identities? How do these extracellular signals intersect with fluid flow to modulate arteriovenous fate? What is a unified definition for endothelial progenitors or angioblasts, and when do arterial vs. venous potentials segregate? How can we regulate hPSC-derived arterial and venous ECs in vitro, and generate organ-specific ECs? In turn, answers to these questions could avail the production of arterial and venous ECs from hPSCs, accelerating vascular research, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Loh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Lay Teng Ang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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16
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Chen J, Zhang X, DeLaughter DM, Trembley MA, Saifee S, Xiao F, Chen J, Zhou P, Seidman CE, Seidman JG, Pu WT. Molecular and Spatial Signatures of Mouse Embryonic Endothelial Cells at Single-Cell Resolution. Circ Res 2024; 134:529-546. [PMID: 38348657 PMCID: PMC10906678 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mature endothelial cells (ECs) are heterogeneous, with subtypes defined by tissue origin and position within the vascular bed (ie, artery, capillary, vein, and lymphatic). How this heterogeneity is established during the development of the vascular system, especially arteriovenous specification of ECs, remains incompletely characterized. METHODS We used droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing and multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization to define EC and EC progenitor subtypes from E9.5, E12.5, and E15.5 mouse embryos. We used trajectory inference to analyze the specification of arterial ECs (aECs) and venous ECs (vECs) from EC progenitors. Network analysis identified candidate transcriptional regulators of arteriovenous differentiation, which we tested by CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) loss of function in human-induced pluripotent stem cells undergoing directed differentiation to aECs or vECs (human-induced pluripotent stem cell-aECs or human-induced pluripotent stem cell-vECs). RESULTS From the single-cell transcriptomes of 7682 E9.5 to E15.5 ECs, we identified 19 EC subtypes, including Etv2+Bnip3+ EC progenitors. Spatial transcriptomic analysis of 15 448 ECs provided orthogonal validation of these EC subtypes and established their spatial distribution. Most embryonic ECs were grouped by their vascular-bed types, while ECs from the brain, heart, liver, and lung were grouped by their tissue origins. Arterial (Eln, Dkk2, Vegfc, and Egfl8), venous (Fam174b and Clec14a), and capillary (Kcne3) marker genes were identified. Compared with aECs, embryonic vECs and capillary ECs shared fewer markers than their adult counterparts. Early capillary ECs with venous characteristics functioned as a branch point for differentiation of aEC and vEC lineages. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a spatiotemporal map of embryonic EC heterogeneity at single-cell resolution and demonstrate that the diversity of ECs in the embryo arises from both tissue origin and vascular-bed position. Developing aECs and vECs share common venous-featured capillary precursors and are regulated by distinct transcriptional regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Shaila Saifee
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiehui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pingzhu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine E. Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - William T. Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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17
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Zhang Y, Liu F. The evolving views of hematopoiesis: from embryo to adulthood and from in vivo to in vitro. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:3-15. [PMID: 37734711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system composed of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their differentiated lineages serves as an ideal model to uncover generic principles of cell fate transitions. From gastrulation onwards, there successively emerge primitive hematopoiesis (that produces specialized hematopoietic cells), pro-definitive hematopoiesis (that produces lineage-restricted progenitor cells), and definitive hematopoiesis (that produces multipotent HSPCs). These nascent lineages develop in several transient hematopoietic sites and finally colonize into lifelong hematopoietic sites. The development and maintenance of hematopoietic lineages are orchestrated by cell-intrinsic gene regulatory networks and cell-extrinsic microenvironmental cues. Owing to the progressive methodology (e.g., high-throughput lineage tracing and single-cell functional and omics analyses), our understanding of the developmental origin of hematopoietic lineages and functional properties of certain hematopoietic organs has been updated; meanwhile, new paradigms to characterize rare cell types, cell heterogeneity and its causes, and comprehensive regulatory landscapes have been provided. Here, we review the evolving views of HSPC biology during developmental and postnatal hematopoiesis. Moreover, we discuss recent advances in the in vitro induction and expansion of HSPCs, with a focus on the implications for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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18
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Lee H, An G, Park J, You J, Song G, Lim W. Mevinphos induces developmental defects via inflammation, apoptosis, and altered MAPK and Akt signaling pathways in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109768. [PMID: 37858660 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mevinphos, an organophosphate insecticide, is widely used to control pests and enhance crop yield. Because of its high solubility, it can easily flow into water and threaten the aquatic environment, and it is known to be hazardous to non-target organisms. However, little is known about its developmental toxicity and the underlying toxic mechanisms. In this study, we utilized zebrafish, which is frequently used for toxicological research to estimate the toxicity in other aquatic organisms or vertebrates including humans, to elucidate the developmental defects induced by mevinphos. Here, we observed that mevinphos induced various phenotypical abnormalities, such as diminished eyes and head sizes, shortened body length, loss of swim bladder, and increased pericardiac edema. Also, exposure to mevinphos triggered inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA fragmentation in zebrafish larvae. In addition, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways, which control apoptosis, inflammation, and proper development of various organs, were also altered by the treatment of mevinphos. Furthermore, these factors induced various organ defects which were confirmed by various transgenic models. We identified neuronal toxicity through transgenic olig2:dsRed zebrafish, cardiovascular toxicity through transgenic fli1:eGFP zebrafish, and hepatotoxicity and pancreatic toxicity through transgenic lfabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP zebrafish. Overall, our results elucidated the developmental toxicities of mevinphos in zebrafish and provided the parameters for the assessment of toxicities in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeankyoung You
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Park J, An G, You J, Park H, Hong T, Song G, Lim W. Dimethenamid promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis leading to cardiovascular, hepatic, and pancreatic toxicities in zebrafish embryo. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 273:109741. [PMID: 37689173 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Dimethenamid, one of the acetamide herbicides, is widely used on soybeans and corns to inhibit weed growth. Although other acetamide herbicides have been reported to have several toxicities in non-target organisms including developmental toxicity, the toxicity of dimethenamid has not yet been studied. In this research, we utilized the zebrafish animal model to verify the developmental toxicity of dimethenamid. It not only led to morphological abnormalities in zebrafish larvae but also reduced their viability. ROS production and inflammation responses were promoted in zebrafish larvae. Also, uncontrolled apoptosis occurred when the gene expression level related to the cell cycle and apoptosis was altered by dimethenamid. These changes resulted in toxicities in the cardiovascular system, liver, and pancreas are observed in transgenic zebrafish models including fli1a:EGFP and L-fabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP. Dimethenamid triggered morphological defects in the heart and vasculature by altering the mRNA levels related to cardiovascular development. The liver and pancreas were also damaged through not only the changes of their morphology but also through the dysregulation in their function related to metabolic activity. This study shows the developmental defects induced by dimethenamid in zebrafish larvae and the possibility of toxicity in other non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeankyoung You
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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20
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An G, Park J, You J, Park H, Hong T, Lim W, Song G. Developmental toxicity of flufenacet including vascular, liver, and pancreas defects is mediated by apoptosis and alters the Mapk and PI3K/Akt signal transduction in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 273:109735. [PMID: 37659609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Release of agrochemicals from agricultural fields could unintentionally harm organisms that not targeted by pesticides. Flufenacet is one of the oxyacetamide herbicide applied in cultivation fields of crops and this has a possibility of unintentional exposure to diverse ecosystems including streams and surface water. Despite these environmental risks, limited information regarding toxicity of flufenacet on vertebrates is available. This study is aimed to assess environmental hazards and underlying toxic mechanisms of flufenacet by using a zebrafish model. Mortality measurements and morphological observations after the treatment of flufenacet suggested developmental toxicity of flufenacet in zebrafish. In addition, its toxicity on specific organs was evaluated using transgenic fluorescent zebrafish embryo. Adverse effects of flufenacet on vascular and hepatopancreatic development were demonstrated using Tg(flk1:EGFP) and Tg(fabp10a:DsRed; ela3l:EGFP) respectively. To address intracellular actions of flufenacet in zebrafish, cellular responses including apoptosis, cell cycle modulation, and Mapk and Akt signaling pathway were verified in transcriptional and protein levels. These results demonstrated developmental toxicity of flufenacet using the zebrafish model, providing essential information for assessing its potential hazards on vertebrates that are not directly targeted by the pesticide and for elucidating molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeankyoung You
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Sahai-Hernandez P, Pouget C, Eyal S, Svoboda O, Chacon J, Grimm L, Gjøen T, Traver D. Dermomyotome-derived endothelial cells migrate to the dorsal aorta to support hematopoietic stem cell emergence. eLife 2023; 12:e58300. [PMID: 37695317 PMCID: PMC10495111 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the dorsal aorta is a key step in the establishment of the adult blood-forming system, since hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) arise from ventral aortic endothelium in all vertebrate animals studied. Work in zebrafish has demonstrated that arterial and venous endothelial precursors arise from distinct subsets of lateral plate mesoderm. Here, we profile the transcriptome of the earliest detectable endothelial cells (ECs) during zebrafish embryogenesis to demonstrate that tissue-specific EC programs initiate much earlier than previously appreciated, by the end of gastrulation. Classic studies in the chick embryo showed that paraxial mesoderm generates a subset of somite-derived endothelial cells (SDECs) that incorporate into the dorsal aorta to replace HSPCs as they exit the aorta and enter circulation. We describe a conserved program in the zebrafish, where a rare population of endothelial precursors delaminates from the dermomyotome to incorporate exclusively into the developing dorsal aorta. Although SDECs lack hematopoietic potential, they act as a local niche to support the emergence of HSPCs from neighboring hemogenic endothelium. Thus, at least three subsets of ECs contribute to the developing dorsal aorta: vascular ECs, hemogenic ECs, and SDECs. Taken together, our findings indicate that the distinct spatial origins of endothelial precursors dictate different cellular potentials within the developing dorsal aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sahai-Hernandez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Claire Pouget
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Shai Eyal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ondrej Svoboda
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
- Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jose Chacon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Lin Grimm
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Tor Gjøen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - David Traver
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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22
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Bertucci T, Kakarla S, Winkelman MA, Lane K, Stevens K, Lotz S, Grath A, James D, Temple S, Dai G. Direct differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into vascular network along with supporting mural cells. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:036107. [PMID: 37564277 PMCID: PMC10411996 DOI: 10.1063/5.0155207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development, endothelial cells (ECs) undergo vasculogenesis to form a primitive plexus and assemble into networks comprised of mural cell-stabilized vessels with molecularly distinct artery and vein signatures. This organized vasculature is established prior to the initiation of blood flow and depends on a sequence of complex signaling events elucidated primarily in animal models, but less studied and understood in humans. Here, we have developed a simple vascular differentiation protocol for human pluripotent stem cells that generates ECs, pericytes, and smooth muscle cells simultaneously. When this protocol is applied in a 3D hydrogel, we demonstrate that it recapitulates the dynamic processes of early human vessel formation, including acquisition of distinct arterial and venous fates, resulting in a vasculogenesis angiogenesis model plexus (VAMP). The VAMP captures the major stages of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular network formation and is a simple, rapid, scalable model system for studying early human vascular development in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shravani Kakarla
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Max A. Winkelman
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Keith Lane
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, New York 12144, USA
| | | | - Steven Lotz
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, New York 12144, USA
| | - Alexander Grath
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Daylon James
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Sally Temple
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, Rensselaer, New York 12144, USA
| | - Guohao Dai
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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23
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Park J, An G, Park H, Hong T, Lim W, Song G. Developmental defects induced by thiabendazole are mediated via apoptosis, oxidative stress and alteration in PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 176:107973. [PMID: 37196567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thiabendazole, a benzimidazole fungicide, is widely used to prevent yield loss in agricultural land by inhibiting plant diseases derived from fungi. As thiabendazole has a stable benzimidazole ring structure, it remains in the environment for an extended period, and its toxic effects on non-target organisms have been reported, indicating the possibility that it could threaten public health. However, little research has been conducted to elucidate the comprehensive mechanisms of its developmental toxicity. Therefore, we used zebrafish, a representative toxicological model that can predict toxicity in aquatic organisms and mammals, to demonstrate the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole. Various morphological malformations were observed, including decreased body length, eye size, and increased heart and yolk sac edema. Apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory response were also triggered by thiabendazole exposure in zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways important for appropriate organogenesis were significantly changed by thiabendazole. These results led to toxicity in various organs and a reduction in the expression of related genes, including cardiovascular toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatic and pancreatic toxicity, which were detected in flk1:eGFP, olig2:dsRED, and L-fabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP transgenic zebrafish models, respectively. Overall, this study partly determined the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole in zebrafish and provided evidence of the environmental hazards of this fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Parab S, Setten E, Astanina E, Bussolino F, Doronzo G. The tissue-specific transcriptional landscape underlines the involvement of endothelial cells in health and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108418. [PMID: 37088448 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) that line vascular and lymphatic vessels are being increasingly recognized as important to organ function in health and disease. ECs participate not only in the trafficking of gases, metabolites, and cells between the bloodstream and tissues but also in the angiocrine-based induction of heterogeneous parenchymal cells, which are unique to their specific tissue functions. The molecular mechanisms regulating EC heterogeneity between and within different tissues are modeled during embryogenesis and become fully established in adults. Any changes in adult tissue homeostasis induced by aging, stress conditions, and various noxae may reshape EC heterogeneity and induce specific transcriptional features that condition a functional phenotype. Heterogeneity is sustained via specific genetic programs organized through the combinatory effects of a discrete number of transcription factors (TFs) that, at the single tissue-level, constitute dynamic networks that are post-transcriptionally and epigenetically regulated. This review is focused on outlining the TF-based networks involved in EC specialization and physiological and pathological stressors thought to modify their architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Parab
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Elisa Setten
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Elena Astanina
- Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Doronzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
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25
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Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells form the inner layer of blood vessels where they have a key role in the development and maintenance of the functional circulatory system and provide paracrine support to surrounding non-vascular cells. Technical advances in the past 5 years in single-cell genomics and in in vivo genetic labelling have facilitated greater insights into endothelial cell development, plasticity and heterogeneity. These advances have also contributed to a new understanding of the timing of endothelial cell subtype differentiation and its relationship to the cell cycle. Identification of novel tissue-specific gene expression patterns in endothelial cells has led to the discovery of crucial signalling pathways and new interactions with other cell types that have key roles in both tissue maintenance and disease pathology. In this Review, we describe the latest findings in vascular endothelial cell development and diversity, which are often supported by large-scale, single-cell studies, and discuss the implications of these findings for vascular medicine. In addition, we highlight how techniques such as single-cell multimodal omics, which have become increasingly sophisticated over the past 2 years, are being utilized to study normal vascular physiology as well as functional perturbations in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Trimm
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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26
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Nakajima H, Ishikawa H, Yamamoto T, Chiba A, Fukui H, Sako K, Fukumoto M, Mattonet K, Kwon HB, Hui SP, Dobreva GD, Kikuchi K, Helker CSM, Stainier DYR, Mochizuki N. Endoderm-derived islet1-expressing cells differentiate into endothelial cells to function as the vascular HSPC niche in zebrafish. Dev Cell 2023; 58:224-238.e7. [PMID: 36693371 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) line blood vessels and serve as a niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Recent data point to tissue-specific EC specialization as well as heterogeneity; however, it remains unclear how ECs acquire these properties. Here, by combining live-imaging-based lineage-tracing and single-cell transcriptomics in zebrafish embryos, we identify an unexpected origin for part of the vascular HSPC niche. We find that islet1 (isl1)-expressing cells are the progenitors of the venous ECs that constitute the majority of the HSPC niche. These isl1-expressing cells surprisingly originate from the endoderm and differentiate into ECs in a process dependent on Bmp-Smad signaling and subsequently requiring npas4l (cloche) function. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses show that isl1-derived ECs express a set of genes that reflect their distinct origin. This study demonstrates that endothelial specialization in the HSPC niche is determined at least in part by the origin of the ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan; Medical-risk Avoidance based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Hajime Fukui
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Moe Fukumoto
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kenny Mattonet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Hyouk-Bum Kwon
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Subhra P Hui
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Gergana D Dobreva
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Kazu Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiac Regeneration Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Christian S M Helker
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany; Philipps-University Marburg, Faculty of Biology, Cell Signaling and Dynamics, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany.
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
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27
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An G, Park J, Lim W, Song G. Thiobencarb induces phenotypic abnormalities, apoptosis, and cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish embryos through oxidative stress and inflammation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 261:109440. [PMID: 35961533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thiobencarb is a representative herbicide used on rice paddies. Because thiobencarb is used extensively on agricultural lands, especially on paddy fields, there is a high risk of unintended leaks into aquatic ecosystems. For this reason, several studies have investigated and reported on the toxicity of thiobencarb to aquatic species. In European eels, thiobencarb affected acetylcholinesterase levels in plasma and impaired adenosine triphosphatase activity in their gills. In medaka, thiobencarb-exposed embryos showed lower viability. However, molecular mechanisms underlying thiobencarb-mediated embryotoxicity have yet to be clarified. Therefore, the objective of our study was to investigate its mechanism of toxicity using zebrafish embryos. The viability of zebrafish embryos decreased upon exposure to thiobencarb and various phenotypic abnormalities were observed at concentrations lower than the lethal dose. The developmental toxicity of thiobencarb was mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1b, cxcl8, cxcl18b, and cox2a) and excessive generation of reactive oxygen species due to the downregulation of genes such as catalase, sod1, and sod2, which encode antioxidant enzymes. In addition, severe defects of the cardiovascular system were identified in response to thiobencarb exposure. Specifically, deformed cardiac looping, delayed common cardinal vein (CCV) regression, and interrupted dorsal aorta (DA)-posterior cardinal vein (PCV) segregation were observed. Our results provide an essential resource that demonstrates molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of thiobencarb on non-target organisms, which may contribute to the establishment of a mitigation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Hariom SK, Nelson EJR. Effects of short-term hypergravity on hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis in embryonic zebrafish. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2022; 34:21-29. [PMID: 35940686 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microgravity and hypergravity-induced changes affect both molecular and organismal responses as demonstrated in various animal models. In addition to its inherent advantages, zebrafish have been shown to be incredibly resilient to altered gravity conditions. To understand the effects of altered gravity on animal physiology, especially the cardiovascular system, we used 2 h centrifugations to simulate short-term hypergravity and investigated its effects on zebrafish development. Morphological and in situ hybridization observations show a comparable overall development in both control and treated embryos. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed varied gene expression patterns across different developmental times. Genes driving primitive hematopoiesis (tal1, gata1) and vascular specificity (vegf, etv2) displayed an early onset of expression following hypergravity exposure. Upregulated expression of hematopoiesis-linked genes, such as runx1, cmyb, nos, and pdgf family demonstrate short-term hypergravity to be a factor inducing definitive hematopoiesis through a combinatorial mechanism. We speculate that these short-term hypergravity-induced physiological changes in the developing zebrafish embryos constitute a rescue mechanism to regain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumar Hariom
- SMV124A, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN 632 014, India
| | - Everette Jacob Remington Nelson
- SMV124A, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN 632 014, India.
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29
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Gurung S, Restrepo NK, Chestnut B, Klimkaite L, Sumanas S. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of vascular endothelial cells in zebrafish embryos. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13065. [PMID: 35906287 PMCID: PMC9338088 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells exhibit substantial phenotypic and transcriptional heterogeneity which is established during early embryogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in establishing endothelial cell diversity are still not well understood. Zebrafish has emerged as an advantageous model to study vascular development. Despite its importance, the single-cell transcriptomic profile of vascular endothelial cells during zebrafish development is still missing. To address this, we applied single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) of vascular endothelial cells isolated from zebrafish embryos at the 24 hpf stage. Six distinct clusters or subclusters related to vascular endothelial cells were identified which include arterial, two venous, cranial, endocardial and endothelial progenitor cell subtypes. Furthermore, we validated our findings by characterizing novel markers for arterial, venous, and endocardial cells. We experimentally confirmed the presence of two transcriptionally different venous cell subtypes, demonstrating heterogeneity among venous endothelial cells at this early developmental stage. This dataset will be a valuable resource for future functional characterization of vascular endothelial cells and interrogation of molecular mechanisms involved in the establishment of their heterogeneity and cell-fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gurung
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Dr, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Nicole K Restrepo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Dr, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Laurita Klimkaite
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Dr, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA.
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30
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Hemogenic and aortic endothelium arise from a common hemogenic angioblast precursor and are specified by the Etv2 dosage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119051119. [PMID: 35333649 PMCID: PMC9060440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119051119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are generated from specialized endothelial cells, called hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). It has been debated whether HECs and non-HSC-forming conventional endothelial cells (cECs) arise from a common precursor or represent distinct lineages. Moreover, the molecular basis underlying their distinct fate determination is poorly understood. We use photoconvertible labeling, time-lapse imaging, and single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis to trace the lineage of HECs. We discovered that HECs and cECs arise from a common hemogenic angioblast precursor, and their distinct fate is determined by high or low dosage of Etv2, respectively. Our results illuminate the lineage origin and a mechanism on the fate determination of HECs, which may enhance the understanding on the ontogeny of HECs in vertebrates.
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31
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Metikala S, Warkala M, Casie Chetty S, Chestnut B, Rufin Florat D, Plender E, Nester O, Koenig AL, Astrof S, Sumanas S. Integration of vascular progenitors into functional blood vessels represents a distinct mechanism of vascular growth. Dev Cell 2022; 57:767-782.e6. [PMID: 35276066 PMCID: PMC9365108 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, the initial vascular network forms by the process of vasculogenesis, or the specification of vascular progenitors de novo. In contrast, the majority of later-forming vessels arise by angiogenesis from the already established vasculature. Here, we show that new vascular progenitors in zebrafish embryos emerge from a distinct site along the yolk extension, or secondary vascular field (SVF), incorporate into the posterior cardinal vein, and contribute to subintestinal vasculature even after blood circulation has been initiated. We further demonstrate that SVF cells participate in vascular recovery after chemical ablation of vascular endothelial cells. Inducible inhibition of the function of vascular progenitor marker etv2/etsrp prevented SVF cell differentiation and resulted in the defective formation of subintestinal vasculature. Similar late-forming etv2+ progenitors were also observed in mouse embryos, suggesting that SVF cells are evolutionarily conserved. Our results characterize a distinct mechanism by which new vascular progenitors incorporate into established vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeva Metikala
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Michael Warkala
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Satish Casie Chetty
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Diandra Rufin Florat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Elizabeth Plender
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Olivia Nester
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew L Koenig
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Sophie Astrof
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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32
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Paulissen E, Palmisano NJ, Waxman J, Martin BL. Somite morphogenesis is required for axial blood vessel formation during zebrafish embryogenesis. eLife 2022; 11:74821. [PMID: 35137687 PMCID: PMC8863375 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angioblasts that form the major axial blood vessels of the dorsal aorta and cardinal vein migrate toward the embryonic midline from distant lateral positions. Little is known about what controls the precise timing of angioblast migration and their final destination at the midline. Using zebrafish, we found that midline angioblast migration requires neighboring tissue rearrangements generated by somite morphogenesis. The somitic shape changes cause the adjacent notochord to separate from the underlying endoderm, creating a ventral midline cavity that provides a physical space for the angioblasts to migrate into. The anterior to posterior progression of midline angioblast migration is facilitated by retinoic acid-induced anterior to posterior somite maturation and the subsequent progressive opening of the ventral midline cavity. Our work demonstrates a critical role for somite morphogenesis in organizing surrounding tissues to facilitate notochord positioning and angioblast migration, which is ultimately responsible for creating a functional cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Paulissen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Nicholas J Palmisano
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Joshua Waxman
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Benjamin Louis Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
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33
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Della Gaspera B, Weill L, Chanoine C. Evolution of Somite Compartmentalization: A View From Xenopus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:790847. [PMID: 35111756 PMCID: PMC8802780 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Somites are transitory metameric structures at the basis of the axial organization of vertebrate musculoskeletal system. During evolution, somites appear in the chordate phylum and compartmentalize mainly into the dermomyotome, the myotome, and the sclerotome in vertebrates. In this review, we summarized the existing literature about somite compartmentalization in Xenopus and compared it with other anamniote and amniote vertebrates. We also present and discuss a model that describes the evolutionary history of somite compartmentalization from ancestral chordates to amniote vertebrates. We propose that the ancestral organization of chordate somite, subdivided into a lateral compartment of multipotent somitic cells (MSCs) and a medial primitive myotome, evolves through two major transitions. From ancestral chordates to vertebrates, the cell potency of MSCs may have evolved and gave rise to all new vertebrate compartments, i.e., the dermomyome, its hypaxial region, and the sclerotome. From anamniote to amniote vertebrates, the lateral MSC territory may expand to the whole somite at the expense of primitive myotome and may probably facilitate sclerotome formation. We propose that successive modifications of the cell potency of some type of embryonic progenitors could be one of major processes of the vertebrate evolution.
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34
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Tai Z, Li L, Zhao G, Liu JX. Copper stress impairs angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during zebrafish embryogenesis by down-regulating pERK1/2-foxm1-MMP2/9 axis and epigenetically regulating ccbe1 expression. Angiogenesis 2022; 25:241-257. [PMID: 35034208 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular transport and cell circulation between tissues and organs through blood and lymphatic vessels are essential for physiological homeostasis in vertebrates. Despite the report of its association with vessel formation in solid tumors, the biological effects of Copper (Cu) accumulation on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during embryogenesis are still unknown. In this study, we unveiled that intersegmental blood circulation was partially blocked in Cu2+-stressed zebrafish embryos and cell migration and tube formation were impaired in Cu2+-stressed mammalian HUVECs. Specifically, Cu2+-stressed embryos showed down-regulation in the expression of amotl2 and its downstream pERK1/2-foxm1-MMP2/9 regulatory axis, and knockdown/knockout of foxm1 in zebrafish embryos phenocopied angiogenesis defects, while FOXM1 knockdown HUVECs phenocopied cell migration and tube formation defects, indicating that excessive Cu2+-induced angiogenesis defects and blocked cell migration via down-regulating amotl2-pERK1/2-foxm1-MMP2/9 regulatory axis in both embryos and mammalian cells. Additionally, thoracic duct was revealed to be partially absent in Cu2+-stressed zebrafish embryos. Specifically, Cu2+-stressed embryos showed down-regulation in the expression of ccbe1 (a gene with pivotal function in lymphangiogenesis) due to the hypermethylation of the E2F7/8 binding sites on ccbe1 promoter to reduce their binding enrichment on the promoter, contributing to the potential mechanisms for down-regulation of ccbe1 and the formation of lymphangiogenesis defects in Cu2+-stressed embryos and mammalian cells. These integrated data demonstrate that Cu2+ stress impairs angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis via down-regulation of pERK1/2-foxm1-MMP2/9 axis and epigenetic regulation of E2F7/8 transcriptional activity on ccbe1 expression, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Tai
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lingya Li
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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35
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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Vascular Development in Zebrafish. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101088. [PMID: 34685459 PMCID: PMC8539546 DOI: 10.3390/life11101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of a functional cardiovascular system is crucial for the development of all vertebrates. Defects in the development of the cardiovascular system lead to cardiovascular diseases, which are among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. However, we are just beginning to understand which signaling pathways guide blood vessel growth in different tissues and organs. The advantages of the model organism zebrafish (Danio rerio) helped to identify novel cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular growth. In this review we will discuss the current knowledge of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in the zebrafish embryo. In particular, we describe the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the formation of blood vessels in different vascular beds within the embryo.
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36
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Endothelial Heterogeneity in Development and Wound Healing. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092338. [PMID: 34571987 PMCID: PMC8469713 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The vasculature is comprised of endothelial cells that are heterogeneous in nature. From tissue resident progenitors to mature differentiated endothelial cells, the diversity of these populations allows for the formation, maintenance, and regeneration of the vascular system in development and disease, particularly during situations of wound healing. Additionally, the de-differentiation and plasticity of different endothelial cells, especially their capacity to undergo endothelial to mesenchymal transition, has also garnered significant interest due to its implication in disease progression, with emphasis on scarring and fibrosis. In this review, we will pinpoint the seminal discoveries defining the phenotype and mechanisms of endothelial heterogeneity in development and disease, with a specific focus only on wound healing.
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37
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From remodeling to quiescence: The transformation of the vascular network. Cells Dev 2021; 168:203735. [PMID: 34425253 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The vascular system is essential for embryogenesis, healing, and homeostasis. Dysfunction or deregulated blood vessel function contributes to multiple diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, cancer, hypertension, or vascular malformations. A balance between the formation of new blood vessels, vascular remodeling, and vessel quiescence is fundamental for tissue growth and function. Whilst the major mechanisms contributing to the formation of new blood vessels have been well explored in recent years, vascular remodeling and quiescence remain poorly understood. In this review, we highlight the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for vessel remodeling and quiescence during angiogenesis. We further underline how impaired remodeling and/or destabilization of vessel networks can contribute to vascular pathologies. Finally, we speculate how addressing the molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling and stabilization could help to treat vascular-related disorders.
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38
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Perens EA, Diaz JT, Quesnel A, Askary A, Crump JG, Yelon D. osr1 couples intermediate mesoderm cell fate with temporal dynamics of vessel progenitor cell differentiation. Development 2021; 148:dev198408. [PMID: 34338289 PMCID: PMC8380454 DOI: 10.1242/dev.198408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulatory networks refine gene expression boundaries to define the dimensions of organ progenitor territories. Kidney progenitors originate within the intermediate mesoderm (IM), but the pathways that establish the boundary between the IM and neighboring vessel progenitors are poorly understood. Here, we delineate roles for the zinc-finger transcription factor Osr1 in kidney and vessel progenitor development. Zebrafish osr1 mutants display decreased IM formation and premature emergence of lateral vessel progenitors (LVPs). These phenotypes contrast with the increased IM and absent LVPs observed with loss of the bHLH transcription factor Hand2, and loss of hand2 partially suppresses osr1 mutant phenotypes. hand2 and osr1 are expressed together in the posterior mesoderm, but osr1 expression decreases dramatically prior to LVP emergence. Overexpressing osr1 during this timeframe inhibits LVP development while enhancing IM formation, and can rescue the osr1 mutant phenotype. Together, our data demonstrate that osr1 modulates the extent of IM formation and the temporal dynamics of LVP development, suggesting that a balance between levels of osr1 and hand2 expression is essential to demarcate the kidney and vessel progenitor territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot A. Perens
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jessyka T. Diaz
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Agathe Quesnel
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Amjad Askary
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - J. Gage Crump
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Deborah Yelon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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39
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Jiang K, Pichol-Thievend C, Neufeld Z, Francois M. Assessment of heterogeneity in collective endothelial cell behavior with multicolor clonal cell tracking to predict arteriovenous remodeling. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109395. [PMID: 34289351 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteries and veins form in a stepwise process that combines vasculogenesis and sprouting angiogenesis. Despite extensive data on the mechanisms governing blood vessel assembly at the single-cell level, little is known about how collective cell migration contributes to the organization of the balanced distribution between arteries and veins. Here, we use an endothelial-specific zebrafish reporter, arteriobow, to label small cohorts of arterial cells and trace their progeny from early vasculogenesis throughout arteriovenous remodeling. We reveal that the genesis of arteries and veins relies on the coordination of 10 types of collective cell dynamics. Within these behavioral categories, we identify a heterogeneity of collective cell motion specific to either arterial or venous remodeling. Using pharmacological blockade, we further show that cell-intrinsic Notch signaling and cell-extrinsic blood flow act as regulators in maintaining the heterogeneity of collective endothelial cell behavior, which, in turn, instructs the future territory of arteriovenous remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Jiang
- The David Richmond Laboratory for Cardiovascular Development, Gene Regulation and Editing, the Centenary Institute, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 QLD, Australia
| | - Cathy Pichol-Thievend
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 QLD, Australia; Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Institute Curie Research Center, Paris Saclay University, PSL Research University, Inserm U1021, CNRS, UMR3347 Orsay, France
| | - Zoltan Neufeld
- School of Mathematics and Physics, the University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072 QLD, Australia
| | - Mathias Francois
- The David Richmond Laboratory for Cardiovascular Development, Gene Regulation and Editing, the Centenary Institute, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006 NSW, Australia.
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40
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Stone OA, Zhou B, Red-Horse K, Stainier DYR. Endothelial ontogeny and the establishment of vascular heterogeneity. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100036. [PMID: 34145927 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of distinct cellular identities was pivotal during the evolution of Metazoa, enabling the emergence of an array of specialized tissues with different functions. In most animals including vertebrates, cell specialization occurs in response to a combination of intrinsic (e.g., cellular ontogeny) and extrinsic (e.g., local environment) factors that drive the acquisition of unique characteristics at the single-cell level. The first functional organ system to form in vertebrates is the cardiovascular system, which is lined by a network of endothelial cells whose organ-specific characteristics have long been recognized. Recent genetic analyses at the single-cell level have revealed that heterogeneity exists not only at the organ level but also between neighboring endothelial cells. Thus, how endothelial heterogeneity is established has become a key question in vascular biology. Drawing upon evidence from multiple organ systems, here we will discuss the role that lineage history may play in establishing endothelial heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver A Stone
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bin Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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41
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Marziano C, Genet G, Hirschi KK. Vascular endothelial cell specification in health and disease. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:213-236. [PMID: 33844116 PMCID: PMC8205897 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There are two vascular networks in mammals that coordinately function as the main supply and drainage systems of the body. The blood vasculature carries oxygen, nutrients, circulating cells, and soluble factors to and from every tissue. The lymphatic vasculature maintains interstitial fluid homeostasis, transports hematopoietic cells for immune surveillance, and absorbs fat from the gastrointestinal tract. These vascular systems consist of highly organized networks of specialized vessels including arteries, veins, capillaries, and lymphatic vessels that exhibit different structures and cellular composition enabling distinct functions. All vessels are composed of an inner layer of endothelial cells that are in direct contact with the circulating fluid; therefore, they are the first responders to circulating factors. However, endothelial cells are not homogenous; rather, they are a heterogenous population of specialized cells perfectly designed for the physiological demands of the vessel they constitute. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the specification of arterial, venous, capillary, and lymphatic endothelial cell identities during vascular development. We also discuss how the dysregulation of these processes can lead to vascular malformations, and therapeutic approaches that have been developed for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Marziano
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Gael Genet
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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42
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Weijts B, Shaked I, Ginsberg M, Kleinfeld D, Robin C, Traver D. Endothelial struts enable the generation of large lumenized blood vessels de novo. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:322-329. [PMID: 33837285 PMCID: PMC8500358 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
De novo blood vessel formation occurs through coalescence of endothelial cells (ECs) into a cord-like structure, followed by lumenization either through cell-1-3 or cord-hollowing4-7. Vessels generated in this manner are restricted in diameter to one or two ECs, and these models fail to explain how vasculogenesis can form large-diameter vessels. Here, we describe a model for large vessel formation that does not require a cord-like structure or a hollowing step. In this model, ECs coalesce into a network of struts in the future lumen of the vessel, a process dependent upon bone morphogenetic protein signalling. The vessel wall forms around this network and consists initially of only a few patches of ECs. To withstand external forces and to maintain the shape of the vessel, strut formation traps erythrocytes into compartments to form a rigid structure. Struts gradually prune and ECs from struts migrate into and become part of the vessel wall. Experimental severing of struts resulted in vessel collapse, disturbed blood flow and remodelling defects, demonstrating that struts enable the patency of large vessels during their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Weijts
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands,Correspondence to: ;
| | - Iftach Shaked
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David Kleinfeld
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Catherine Robin
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands,Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David Traver
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Correspondence to: ;
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43
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Nakajima H, Chiba A, Fukumoto M, Morooka N, Mochizuki N. Zebrafish Vascular Development: General and Tissue-Specific Regulation. J Lipid Atheroscler 2021; 10:145-159. [PMID: 34095009 PMCID: PMC8159758 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2021.10.2.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulation is required for the delivery of oxygen and nutrition to tissues and organs, as well as waste collection. Therefore, the heart and vessels develop first during embryogenesis. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood cells, which originate from the mesoderm. The gene expression pattern required for blood vessel development is predetermined by the hierarchical and sequential regulation of genes for the differentiation of mesodermal cells. Herein, we review how blood vessels form distinctly in different tissues or organs of zebrafish and how vessel formation is universally or tissue-specifically regulated by signal transduction pathways and blood flow. In addition, the unsolved issues of mutual contacts and interplay of circulatory organs during embryogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Moe Fukumoto
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Nanami Morooka
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
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44
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de Oliveira MB, Meier K, Jung S, Bartels-Klein E, Coxam B, Geudens I, Szymborska A, Skoczylas R, Fechner I, Koltowska K, Gerhardt H. Vasohibin 1 selectively regulates secondary sprouting and lymphangiogenesis in the zebrafish trunk. Development 2021; 148:dev194993. [PMID: 33547133 PMCID: PMC7904002 DOI: 10.1242/dev.194993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Vasohibin 1 (Vash1) is stimulated by VEGFs in endothelial cells and that its overexpression interferes with angiogenesis in vivo Recently, Vash1 was found to mediate tubulin detyrosination, a post-translational modification that is implicated in many cell functions, such as cell division. Here, we used the zebrafish embryo to investigate the cellular and subcellular mechanisms of Vash1 on endothelial microtubules during formation of the trunk vasculature. We show that microtubules within venous-derived secondary sprouts are strongly and selectively detyrosinated in comparison with other endothelial cells, and that this difference is lost upon vash1 knockdown. Vash1 depletion in zebrafish specifically affected secondary sprouting from the posterior cardinal vein, increasing endothelial cell divisions and cell number in the sprouts. We show that altering secondary sprout numbers and structure upon Vash1 depletion leads to defective lymphatic vessel formation and ectopic lymphatic progenitor specification in the zebrafish trunk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bastos de Oliveira
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Meier
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Jung
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eireen Bartels-Klein
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Baptiste Coxam
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilse Geudens
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Anna Szymborska
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Renae Skoczylas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ines Fechner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
- Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straβe 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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45
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Okuda KS, Hogan BM. Endothelial Cell Dynamics in Vascular Development: Insights From Live-Imaging in Zebrafish. Front Physiol 2020; 11:842. [PMID: 32792978 PMCID: PMC7387577 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of the vertebrate vasculature involves the acquisition of endothelial cell identities, sprouting, migration, remodeling and maturation of functional vessel networks. To understand the cellular and molecular processes that drive vascular development, live-imaging of dynamic cellular events in the zebrafish embryo have proven highly informative. This review focusses on recent advances, new tools and new insights from imaging studies in vascular cell biology using zebrafish as a model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide S Okuda
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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46
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Casie Chetty S, Sumanas S. Ets1 functions partially redundantly with Etv2 to promote embryonic vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in zebrafish. Dev Biol 2020; 465:11-22. [PMID: 32628937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ETS transcription factors play an important role in the specification and differentiation of endothelial cells during vascular development. Despite previous studies, the role of the founding member of the ETS family, Ets1, in vascular development in vivo is only partially understood. Here, we generated a zebrafish ets1 mutant by TALEN genome editing and tested functional redundancy between Ets1 and a related ETS factor Etv2/Etsrp/ER71. While zebrafish ets1-/- mutants have a normal functional vascular system, etv2-/-;ets1-/embryos had more severe angiogenic defects and lower expression levels of kdr and kdrl, the two zebrafish homologs of the mammalian Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 VEGFR2/Flk1, than etv2-/-embryos. Expression of constitutively active Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase1 (MAP2K1) within endothelial cells partially rescued this angiogenic defect. Interestingly, ets1-/- embryos displayed extensive apoptosis within the trunk vasculature despite exhibiting normal vascular patterning. Loss of Ets1 combined with a partial knockdown of Etv2 function resulted in a decrease in endothelial cell numbers in the axial vasculature, which argues for a role of Ets1 in promoting vasculogenesis. We also demonstrate that although both Ets1 and Etv2 can induce ectopic vascular marker expression in zebrafish embryos, Ets1 activity is dependent on MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of its Thr30 and Ser33 residues, while Etv2 activity is not. Together, our results identify a novel function of Ets1 in regulating endothelial cell survival during vasculogenesis in vivo. Based on these findings, we propose a revised model of how Ets1 and Etv2 play unique and partially redundant roles to promote vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Casie Chetty
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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47
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Chestnut B, Casie Chetty S, Koenig AL, Sumanas S. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies the conversion of zebrafish Etv2-deficient vascular progenitors into skeletal muscle. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2796. [PMID: 32493965 PMCID: PMC7271194 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell fate decisions involved in vascular and hematopoietic embryonic development are still poorly understood. An ETS transcription factor Etv2 functions as an evolutionarily conserved master regulator of vasculogenesis. Here we report a single-cell transcriptomic analysis of hematovascular development in wild-type and etv2 mutant zebrafish embryos. Distinct transcriptional signatures of different types of hematopoietic and vascular progenitors are identified using an etv2ci32Gt gene trap line, in which the Gal4 transcriptional activator is integrated into the etv2 gene locus. We observe a cell population with a skeletal muscle signature in etv2-deficient embryos. We demonstrate that multiple etv2ci32Gt; UAS:GFP cells differentiate as skeletal muscle cells instead of contributing to vasculature in etv2-deficient embryos. Wnt and FGF signaling promote the differentiation of these putative multipotent etv2 progenitor cells into skeletal muscle cells. We conclude that etv2 actively represses muscle differentiation in vascular progenitors, thus restricting these cells to a vascular endothelial fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Satish Casie Chetty
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Andrew L Koenig
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, 660S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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48
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Geudens I, Coxam B, Alt S, Gebala V, Vion AC, Meier K, Rosa A, Gerhardt H. Artery-vein specification in the zebrafish trunk is pre-patterned by heterogeneous Notch activity and balanced by flow-mediated fine-tuning. Development 2019; 146:dev.181024. [PMID: 31375478 PMCID: PMC6737902 DOI: 10.1242/dev.181024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
How developing vascular networks acquire the right balance of arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels to efficiently supply and drain tissues is poorly understood. In zebrafish embryos, the robust and regular 50:50 global balance of intersegmental veins and arteries that form along the trunk prompts the intriguing question of how does the organism keep ‘count’? Previous studies have suggested that the ultimate fate of an intersegmental vessel (ISV) is determined by the identity of the approaching secondary sprout emerging from the posterior cardinal vein. Here, we show that the formation of a balanced trunk vasculature involves an early heterogeneity in endothelial cell behaviour and Notch signalling activity in the seemingly identical primary ISVs that is independent of secondary sprouting and flow. We show that Notch signalling mediates the local patterning of ISVs, and an adaptive flow-mediated mechanism subsequently fine-tunes the global balance of arteries and veins along the trunk. We propose that this dual mechanism provides the adaptability required to establish a balanced network of arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels. Highlighted Article: A stepwise dual mechanism involving Notch signalling and flow provides the adaptability required to establish a balanced network of arteries and veins in the zebrafish trunk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Geudens
- Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven B-3000, Belgium.,Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Coxam
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Silvanus Alt
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Véronique Gebala
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Anne-Clémence Vion
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Katja Meier
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Andre Rosa
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven B-3000, Belgium .,Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium.,Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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49
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Bonkhofer F, Rispoli R, Pinheiro P, Krecsmarik M, Schneider-Swales J, Tsang IHC, de Bruijn M, Monteiro R, Peterkin T, Patient R. Blood stem cell-forming haemogenic endothelium in zebrafish derives from arterial endothelium. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3577. [PMID: 31395869 PMCID: PMC6687740 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells are generated from the haemogenic endothelium (HE) located in the floor of the dorsal aorta (DA). Despite being integral to arteries, it is controversial whether HE and arterial endothelium share a common lineage. Here, we present a transgenic zebrafish runx1 reporter line to isolate HE and aortic roof endothelium (ARE)s, excluding non-aortic endothelium. Transcriptomic analysis of these populations identifies Runx1-regulated genes and shows that HE initially expresses arterial markers at similar levels to ARE. Furthermore, runx1 expression depends on prior arterial programming by the Notch ligand dll4. Runx1-/- mutants fail to downregulate arterial genes in the HE, which remains integrated within the DA, suggesting that Runx1 represses the pre-existing arterial programme in HE to allow progression towards the haematopoietic fate. These findings strongly suggest that, in zebrafish, aortic endothelium is a precursor to HE, with potential implications for pluripotent stem cell differentiation protocols for the generation of transplantable HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bonkhofer
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rossella Rispoli
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip Pinheiro
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Monika Krecsmarik
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK
| | - Janina Schneider-Swales
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ingrid Ho Ching Tsang
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Marella de Bruijn
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rui Monteiro
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK.
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Tessa Peterkin
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Roger Patient
- Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK.
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50
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Lu FI, Wang YT, Wang YS, Wu CY, Li CC. Involvement of BIG1 and BIG2 in regulating VEGF expression and angiogenesis. FASEB J 2019; 33:9959-9973. [PMID: 31199673 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900342rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
VEGF stimulates the formation of new blood vessels by inducing endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and migration. Brefeldin A (BFA)-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG)1 and 2 accelerate the replacement of bound GDP with GTP to activate ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)1, which regulates vesicular transport between the Golgi and plasma membrane. Although it has been reported that treating cells with BFA interferes with Arf1 activation to inhibit VEGF secretion, the role of BIG1 and BIG2 in VEGF trafficking and expression, EC migration and proliferation, and vascular development remains unknown. Here, we found that inactivation of Arf1 reduced VEGF secretion but did not affect the levels of VEGF protein. Interestingly, however, BIG1 and BIG2 knockdown significantly decreased the levels of VEGF mRNA and protein in glioblastoma U251 cells and HUVECs. Furthermore, depletion of BIG1 and BIG2 inhibited HUVEC angiogenesis by diminishing cell migration. Angioblast migration and intersegmental vessel sprouting were also impaired when the BIG2 homolog, Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor (arfgef)2, was knocked down in zebrafish with endothelial expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). Depletion of arfgef2 by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) also caused defects in vascular development of zebrafish embryos. Taken together, these data reveal that BIG1 and BIG2 participate in endothelial cell angiogenesis.-Lu, F.-I., Wang, Y.-T., Wang, Y.-S., Wu, C.-Y., Li, C.-C. Involvement of BIG1 and BIG2 in regulating VEGF expression and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-I Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The Integrative Evolutionary Galliforms Genomics Research (iEGG) and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chun Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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