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Jalali A, Smith S, Kim G, Wong H, Lee M, Yeung J, Loft M, Wong R, Shapiro JD, Kosmider S, Tie J, Ananda S, Ma B, Burge M, Jennens R, Lee B, Johns J, Lim L, Dean A, Nott L, Gibbs P. Early onset metastatic colorectal cancer in Australia. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2024; 40:100827. [PMID: 38885543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates have been increasing among young patients (YP), for uncertain reasons. It is unclear whether YP have a distinct tumor biology or merit a different treatment approach to older patients (OP). METHODS We reviewed prospectively collected data from consecutive patients with metastatic CRC (MCRC) enrolled in the multi-site Treatment of Recurrent and Advanced Colorectal Cancer (TRACC) Australian registry. Clinicopathological features, treatment and survival outcomes were compared between YP (<50 years) and OP (≥50 years). RESULTS Of 3692 patients diagnosed August 2009 - March 2023, 14 % (513) were YP. YP were more likely than OP to be female (52% vs. 40 %, P < 0.0001), have ECOG performance status 0-1 (94% vs. 81 %, P < 0.0001), to have a left-sided primary (72% vs. 63 %, P = 0.0008) and to have fewer comorbidities (90% vs. 60 % Charleston score 0, P < 0.0001). There were no differences in the available molecular status, which was more complete in YP. YP were more likely to have de novo metastatic disease (71% vs. 57 %, P < 0.0001). YP were more likely to undergo curative hepatic resection (27% vs. 17 %, P < 0.0001), to receive any chemotherapy (93% vs. 78 % (P < 0.0001), and to receive 3+ lines of chemotherapy (30% vs. 24 % (P < 0.0034)). Median first-line progression free survival (10.2 versus 10.6 months) was similar for YP vs OP, but overall survival (32.1 versus 25.4 months, HR = 0.745, P < 0.0001) was longer in YP. CONCLUSION Known prognostic variables mostly favored YP versus OP with newly diagnosed mCRC, who were also more heavily treated. Consistent with this, overall survival outcomes were improved. This data does not support that CRC in YP represent a distinct subset of mCRC patients, or that a modified treatment approach is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jalali
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Latrobe Regional Hospital, VIC, Australia.
| | - S Smith
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - G Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, VIC, Australia
| | - H Wong
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia
| | - M Lee
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, VIC, Australia; Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - J Yeung
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Loft
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia
| | - R Wong
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J D Shapiro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Hospital, VIC, Australia
| | - S Kosmider
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, VIC, Australia
| | - J Tie
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia
| | - S Ananda
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia
| | - B Ma
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M Burge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD, Australia
| | - R Jennens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Epworth Health, VIC, Australia
| | - B Lee
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia
| | - J Johns
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia
| | - L Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, VIC, Australia
| | - A Dean
- Department of Medical Oncology, St John of God Hospital, WA, Australia
| | - L Nott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, TAS, Australia
| | - P Gibbs
- Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, VIC, Australia
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Yan J, Wang H, Lu X, Li F. Development and validation of a nomogram for elderly patients with ulcerative melanoma. Melanoma Res 2024; 34:207-214. [PMID: 38092017 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The current state of survival prediction models for elderly patients with ulcerative melanoma (uCM) is limited. We sought to develop a nomogram model that can predict overall survival of geriatric patients with uCM. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database served as a source for patients diagnosed with uCM between 2004 and 2015. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the significant prognostic elements affecting overall survival using multivariate and univariate Cox proportional risk regression models. Subsequently, an independent forecasting nomogram was developed on the basis of these identified predictors. The predictive model was then assessed and validated through the utilization of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves as well as decision curves. The study included a total of 5019 participants. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed age, sex, marital status, primary site, tumor size, N stage, M stage, histological type, and surgery were independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was developed using the findings from both univariate and multivariate Cox analyses ( P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curves, which vary over time, and the area under the curve (AUC) for the training and validation cohorts, demonstrated the nomogram's strong discriminatory ability. Additionally, the calibration curves indicated satisfactory agreement between the predicted values from the nomogram and the practical outcomes observed in both cohorts. Furthermore, the decision curve analysis curves displayed favorable positive net gains at all times, when the critical value is most likely to occur. In this study, age, sex, marital status, primary site, tumor size, N stage, M stage, histologic type and surgery were determined as independent predictors for elderly patients with uCM. Then, a predictive model with good discriminatory ability was constructed to predict 12-, 24-, and 36-month overall survival in geriatric patients with uCM, which facilitates patients' counseling and individualized medical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yan
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, Shandong
- Department of Dermatology, Contemporary Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Weilin Medical Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoou Lu
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, Shandong
| | - Fengjuan Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, Shandong
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Kranjčević JK, Čonkaš J, Ozretić P. The Role of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors in Head and Neck Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1575. [PMID: 38672656 PMCID: PMC11049451 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common histological form of head and neck tumors (HNTs), which originate from the epithelium of the lips and oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, salivary glands, nasal cavity, and sinuses. The main risk factors include consumption of tobacco in all forms and alcohol, as well as infections with high-risk human papillomaviruses or the Epstein-Barr virus. Regardless of the etiological agent, the risk of developing different types of HNTs is from two to more than six times higher in males than in females. The reason for such disparities probably lies in a combination of both biological and psychosocial factors. Therefore, it is hypothesized that exposure to female sex hormones, primarily estrogen, provides women with protection against the formation and metastasis of HNTs. In this review, we synthesized available knowledge on the role of estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) in the development and progression of HNTs, with special emphasis on membrane ERs, which are much less studied. We can summarize that in addition to epidemiologic studies unequivocally pointing to the protective effect of estrogen in women, an increased expression of both nuclear ERs, ERα, and ERβ, and membrane ERs, ERα36, GPER1, and NaV1.2, was present in different types of HNSCC, for which anti-estrogens could be used as an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (J.Č.)
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Salerno PRVDO, Palma Dallan LA, Rodrigues Pereira GT, Pego Fernandes PM, Mingarini Terra R, Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi SG, de Oliveira Salerno JV. Trends in tracheal, bronchial and lung cancer attributed to smoking in South America: Global Burden of Disease analysis 1990-2019. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2024; 48:e30. [PMID: 38576842 PMCID: PMC10993800 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2024.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer due to tobacco exposure in the last 30 years in 12 South American countries. Methods We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 exposure-response function to analyze the total tobacco, smoking, and secondhand smoke exposure-related TBL cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), for 12 South American countries, between 1990 and 2019. Metrics were described as absolute numbers or rates per 100 000 individuals. The relative change in burden was assessed by comparing the 1990-1994 to 2015-2019 periods. Results In 2019, the all-ages number of TBL cancer deaths and DALYs associated with tobacco exposure in South America was 29 348 and 658 204 in males and 14 106 and 318 277 in females, respectively. Age-adjusted death and DALYs rates for the region in 2019 were 182.8 and 4035 in males and 50.8 and 1162 in females, respectively. In males, 10/12 countries observed relative declines in TBL death rates attributed to tobacco exposure while only 4 countries reduced their mortality in females. Conclusion While significant efforts on tobacco control are under place in South America, substantial burden of TBL cancer persists in the region with significant sex-specific disparities. Increased country-specific primary data on TBL cancer and tobacco exposure is needed to optimize healthcare strategies and improve comprehension of regional trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Rafael Vieira de Oliveira Salerno
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandUnited States of AmericaUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Luis Augusto Palma Dallan
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandUnited States of AmericaUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Tensol Rodrigues Pereira
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandUnited States of AmericaUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, United States of America
| | | | | | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandUnited States of AmericaUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Sadeer G Al-Kindi
- Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonUnited States of AmericaHouston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
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Mirinezhad SK, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M, Seyednejad F, Somi MH. Rectal cancer survival and prognostic factors in Iranian population: A retrospective cohort study. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2024; 39:100810. [PMID: 38599152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal cancer (RC) poses a significant global health challenge, causing substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate the survival rates of RC patients and identify the factors that influence their survival. The study considers demographic characteristics, tumor features, and treatment received as the factors under consideration. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 593 RC patients. Data were collected through a comprehensive review of medical records and conducting telephone interviews. Survival rates were estimated using the life table method, and subgroup comparisons were performed using the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was utilized to assess the independent associations between RC survival time and various covariates. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 593 RC patients, with a predominantly male representation. The mean age at diagnosis was 58.18 years, and the majority of patients (78.6 %) underwent surgical interventions. The median age at symptom onset and diagnosis were 58 and 59 years, respectively. Survival rates at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 10th years were estimated to be 85 %, 59 %, 47 %, and 36 %, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed several significant prognostic factors, including age, education, symptoms, and cancer stage. In the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards analysis, advanced regional stage (HR = 1.54, 95 % CI, 1.13-2.08), presence of metastasis (HR = 3.73, 95 % CI, 2.49-5.58), and age over 70 (HR = 1.65) were associated with a higher risk of mortality. CONCLUSION Given the alarming prognosis of RC observed in the study area and the significant delay between symptom onset and diagnosis, it is crucial to address this issue and potentially improve the survival rates of RC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Kazem Mirinezhad
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farshad Seyednejad
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Afshar N, Dashti SG, Mar V, Te Marvelde L, Evans S, Milne RL, English DR. Do age at diagnosis, tumour thickness and tumour site explain sex differences in melanoma survival? A causal mediation analysis using cancer registry data. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:793-800. [PMID: 37823184 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Women diagnosed with melanoma have better survival than men, but little is known about potential intervention targets to reduce this survival gap by sex. We conducted a population-based study using Victorian Cancer Registry data including 5833 women and 6780 men aged 15 to 70 years when diagnosed with first primary melanoma between 2007 and 2015. Deaths to the end of 2020 were identified through linkage to the Victorian and national death registries. We estimated the effect of age at diagnosis, tumour thickness and tumour site on reducing the melanoma-specific survival gap by sex (ie, interventional indirect effects [IIEs]) on risk difference (RD) scale. Compared to women, there were 211 (95% CI: 145-278) additional deaths per 10 000 in men within 5 years following diagnosis. We estimated that 44% of this gap would be reduced by a hypothetical intervention shifting the distribution of melanoma thickness in men to be the same as that observed for women (IIEthickness RD 93 [95% CI: 75-118] per 10 000) and 20% by an intervention on tumour site (head and neck/trunk vs upper limb/lower limb; IIEsite RD 42 [95% CI: 15-72] per 10 000), while an intervention on age at diagnosis would have a negligible effect. Tumour thickness, tumour site and age at diagnosis mediated 65% of the effect of sex on 5-year melanoma survival in Victoria. Of these factors, tumour thickness had the most considerable mediating effect, suggesting that effective promotion of earlier detection of melanoma in men could potentially nearly halve the gap in melanoma-specific survival by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Afshar
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Ghazaleh Dashti
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victoria Mar
- Victorian Melanoma Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luc Te Marvelde
- Victorian Cancer Registry, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Evans
- Victorian Cancer Registry, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Chen W, Ye M, Sun Y, Wei Y, Huang Y. Analysis of clinical factors impacting recurrence in myxofibrosarcoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3903. [PMID: 38365844 PMCID: PMC10873400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a malignant fibroblastic/myofibroblastic neoplasm with a prominent myxoid area. It has the clinical features of frequent local recurrence (LR) and occasional distant metastasis. Robust epidemiological data on MFS in China are lacking. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to determine the natural history of MFS, identify prognostic factors for recurrence and describe the real-life outcomes of MFS. We reviewed 52 patients with primary MFS from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University diagnosed between 2016 and 2020. All tumors were subjected to retrospective univariate analysis for prognostic factors of the disease, including tumor size, grade, location and sex; patient age; planned operation; surgical margin; and laboratory results. The significant factors identified by univariate analysis were subsequently analyzed via multivariate analysis. Overall survival (OS), post-treatment LR and metastatic-free survival were assessed as outcomes. The median age was 61 years (range, 13-93). Fourteen (26.92%) patients exhibited low grade disease, and 38 (73.08%) exhibited high grade disease. Among the 29 males, and 23 females, 15 (28.85%) had tumors in the trunk, 37 (71.15%) had tumors in the extremities, 26 had undergone planned surgery, and 26 had unexpected unplanned operation. The margin was negative in 39 (75%) patients and positive in 13 patients (25%). The serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration was high level in 33 (63.46%) patients and low level in 19 (36.54%) patients. The serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were low in 23 (44.23%) patients and high in 29 (55.77%) patients. LR was observed in 25 patients (48.08%), and 4 patients developed metastasis. A worse LR rate was found for patients with a low CK level (84.21%) than for those with a high CK level (27.27%) at 5 years (p < 0.05). The LR rate of patients who underwent planned surgery was lower than that of patients who underwent unplanned surgery (p < 0.05). There were significantly more patients with positive margins than patients with negative margins (92.30%, and 33.33%, respectively; p < 0.05). Moreover, superficial tumors were also associated with greater recurrence rate (2/20 [10%]) than deep tumors, (23/32 [71.86%]) [p < 0.05]. The probability of LR in patients with MFS was significantly greater in association with unplanned operations, positive margins, low serum CK levels or superficial tumor depth. These data could help identify high-risk patients; thus, more careful follow-up should be performed for higher-risk patients. Diagnosis and treatment at qualified regular medical centers can reduce the local recurrence rate of MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yongzhong Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yumin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Pan M, Zhou MY, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Bui NQ, Bien J, Siy A, Achacoso N, Solorzano AV, Tse P, Chung E, Thomas S, Habel LA, Ganjoo KN. Sex-dependent Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:413-419. [PMID: 37831066 PMCID: PMC10792361 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine whether overall survival (OS) differs for male and female patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The study included patients from Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Stanford Cancer Center with grade 2 and 3 locally advanced or metastatic STS whose tumor underwent next-generation sequencing. We used Cox regression modeling to examine association of sex and OS adjusting for other important factors. RESULTS Among 388 eligible patients, 174 had leiomyosarcoma (LMS), 136 had undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), and 78 had liposarcoma. OS for male versus female patients appeared to be slightly better among the full cohort [HR = 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.66-1.20]; this association appeared to be stronger among the subsets of patients with LMS (HR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.39-1.49) or liposarcoma (HR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.32-1.70). Better OS for male versus female patients was also observed among all molecular subgroups except mutRB1 and mutATRX, especially among patients whose tumor retained wtTP53 (HR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.44-1.18), wtCDKN2A (HR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.59-1.23), wtRB1 (HR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.51-1.04), and among patients whose tumor had mutPTEN (HR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.09-1.62). OS also appeared to be better for males in the MSK-IMPACT and TCGA datasets. CONCLUSIONS A fairly consistent pattern of apparent better OS for males across histologic and molecular subgroups of STS was observed. If confirmed, our results could have implications for clinical practice for prognostic stratification and possibly treatment tailoring as well as for future clinical trials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggui Pan
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | - Maggie Yuxi Zhou
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Chen Jiang
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | - Zheyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University; and National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Nam Q. Bui
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jeffrey Bien
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Amanda Siy
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | | | - Pamela Tse
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | - Elaine Chung
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | - Sachdev Thomas
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Vallejo, California
| | - Laurel A. Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California
| | - Kristen N. Ganjoo
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Bi J, Tuo J, Xiao Y, Tang D, Zhou X, Jiang Y, Ji X, Tan Y, Yuan H, Xiang Y. Observed and relative survival trends of lung cancer: A systematic review of population-based cancer registration data. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:142-151. [PMID: 37986711 PMCID: PMC10788469 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using the published survival statistics from cancer registration or population-based studies, we aimed to describe the global pattern and trend of lung cancer survival. METHODS By searching SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SEER, all survival analyses from cancer registration or population-based studies of lung cancer were collected by the end of November 2022. The survival rates were extracted by sex, period, and country. The observed, relative, and net survival rates of lung cancer were applied to describe the pattern and time changes from the late 1990s to the early 21st century. RESULTS Age-standardized 5-year relative/net survival rate of lung cancer was typically low, with 10%-20% for most regions. The highest age-standardized relative/net survival rate was observed in Japan (32.9%, 2010-2014), and the lowest was in India (3.7%, 2010-2014). In most countries, the five-year age-standardized relative/net survival rates of lung cancer were higher in females and younger people. The patients with adenocarcinoma had a better prognosis than other groups. In China, the highest 5-year overall relative/net survival rates were 27.90% and 31.62% in men and women in Jiangyin (2012-2013). CONCLUSION Over the past decades, the prognosis of lung cancer has gradually improved, but significant variations were also observed globally. Worldwide, a better prognosis of lung cancer can be observed in females and younger patients. It is essential to compare and evaluate the histological or stage-specific survival rates of lung cancer between different regions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Hao Bi
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jia‐Yi Tuo
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Xuan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dan‐Dan Tang
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Hui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Fei Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Wei Ji
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Ting Tan
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hui‐Yun Yuan
- Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yong‐Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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10
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Klasen C, Wuerdemann N, Rothbart P, Prinz J, Eckel HNC, Suchan M, Kopp C, Johannsen J, Ziogas M, Charpentier A, Huebbers CU, Sharma SJ, Langer C, Arens C, Wagner S, Quaas A, Klußmann JP. Sex-specific aspects in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a bicentric cohort study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1054. [PMID: 37919644 PMCID: PMC10621233 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is the only subgroup of head neck cancer that presents with an increased incidence. Gender-specific studies in other cancer entities have revealed differences in treatment response and prognosis. However, only limited data in OPSCC according to gender and human papillomavirus (HPV) status exist. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sex-specific differences in OPSCC and how these may be distributed in relation to HPV and other risk factors. METHODS This retrospective, bicentric study included 1629 patients with OPSCC diagnosed between 1992 and 2020. We formed subgroups based on TNM status, American Joint Cancer Committee 8th edition (AJCC8), HPV status, treatment modality (surgery (± radio(chemo)therapy (RCT) vs. definitive RCT) and patient-related risk factors and investigated gender differences and their impact on patients survival via descriptive-,uni- and multivariate analysis. RESULTS With the exception of alcohol abuse, no significant differences were found in risk factors between men and women. Females presented with better OS than males in the subgroup T1-2, N + , independent of risk factors (p = 0.008). Males demonstrated significant stratification through all AJCC8 stages (all p < 0.050). In contrast, women were lacking significance between stage II and III (p = 0.992). With regard to therapy (surgery (± R(C)T) - vs. definitive RCT) women treated with surgery had better OS than men in the whole cohort (p = 0.008). Similar results were detected in the HPV-negative OPSCC sub-cohort (p = 0.042) and in high-risk groups (AJCC8 stage III and IV with M0, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Sex-specific differences in OPSCC represent a health disparity, particularly according to staging and treatment, which need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Klasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Nora Wuerdemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pauline Rothbart
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna Prinz
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Nicholaus Casper Eckel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Malte Suchan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher Kopp
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jannik Johannsen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Ziogas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Arthur Charpentier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Ulrich Huebbers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Jean-Uhrmacher-Institute for Otorhinolaryngological Research, University of Cologne, Geibelstrasse 29-31, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shachi Jenny Sharma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Langer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Arens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Klußmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany
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11
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Kim YR, Kim JS, Kim WS, Eom HS, Yang DH, Bae SH, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Oh SJ, Yoon SS, Kwak JY, Choi CW, Kim MK, Oh SY, Kang HJ, Nam SH, Shim H, Park JS, Mun YC, Suh C. Intensified First Cycle of Rituximab Plus Eight Cycles of Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisolone with Rituximab Chemotherapy for Advanced-Stage or Bulky Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Multicenter Phase II Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma (CISL) Study. Cancer Res Treat 2023; 55:1355-1362. [PMID: 36996864 PMCID: PMC10582534 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase II, open-label, multicenter study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a rituximab intensification for the 1st cycle with every 21-day of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP-21) among patients with previously untreated advanced-stage or bulky diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-two patients with stage III/IV or bulky DLBCL from 21 institutions were administered 8 cycles of R-CHOP-21 with an additional one dose of rituximab intensification on day 0 of the 1st cycle (RR-CHOP). The primary endpoint was a complete response (CR) rate after 3 cycles of chemotherapy. RESULTS Among the 92 DLBCL patients assessed herein, the response rate after 3 cycles of chemotherapy was 88.0% (38.0% CR+50.0% partial response [PR]). After the completion of 8 cycles of chemotherapy, the overall response rate was observed for 68.4% (58.7% CR+9.8% PR). The 3-year progression-free survival rate was 64.0%, and the 3-year overall survival rate was 70.4%. Febrile neutropenia was one of the most frequent grade 3 adverse events (40.0%) and 5 treatment-related deaths occurred. Compared with the clinical outcomes of patients who received R-CHOP chemotherapy as a historical control, the interim CR rate was higher in male patients with RR-CHOP (20.5% vs. 48.8%, p=0.016). CONCLUSION Rituximab intensification on days 0 to the 1st cycle of the standard 8 cycles R-CHOP-21 for advanced DLBCL yielded favorable response rates after the 3 cycles of chemotherapy and acceptable toxicities, especially for male patients. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01054781.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ri Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Seog Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Seok Eom
- Hematology-Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Deok-Hwan Yang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Suk-Joong Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chul Won Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Young Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeok Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Joon Seong Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yeung-Chul Mun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheolwon Suh
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Mariotti A, Spatafora P, Sessa F, Saieva C, Galli IC, Roviello G, Doni L, Zaccaro C, Bisegna C, Conte FL, Mariottini R, Marzocco A, Masieri L, Vignolini G, Minervini A, Serni S, Carini M, Nesi G, Villari D. Gender and cystectomy for bladder cancer: A high-volume tertiary urologic care center experience. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2023; 49:107034. [PMID: 37639860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences have often been reported in the outcomes of bladder cancer (BC) patients according to gender. OBJECTIVE This study aims to provide data on patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) in a high-volume tertiary urologic center and to assess whether gender discrepancies do exist in terms of surgical options and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive BC patients treated between 2016 and 2020 at a single center (Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy) were included in the study. The impact of gender on disease stage at diagnosis, overall survival (OS), and type of surgery was analyzed. RESULTS The study series comprised 447 patients (85 females and 362 males). At a median follow-up of 28.3 months (IQR: 33.5), OS was 52.6% and cancer-specific survival was 67.6%. Significant differences in OS emerged for age, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), pT, and pN. OS rates were higher in patients undergoing robot-assisted surgery and in those receiving open orthotopic neobladder (ONB) (p = 0.0001). No statistically significant differences were found between male and female patients regarding surgical offer in any age group, surgical time, early postoperative complications, pathologic stage, and OS. CONCLUSIONS After adjustment for pathologic tumor stage and treatment modalities, female and male patients showed similar oncologic outcomes. Further studies should be undertaken to evaluate functional results in women subjected to RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mariotti
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - P Spatafora
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F Sessa
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Saieva
- Cancer Risk Factors and LifeStyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - I C Galli
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - G Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L Doni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Zaccaro
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Bisegna
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F L Conte
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - R Mariottini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Marzocco
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L Masieri
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Urology Unit, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - G Vignolini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Minervini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Serni
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Carini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Nesi
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - D Villari
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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13
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Wang S, Chen Y, Sun J, Mo R, Tan Q. Development and validation of two online dynamic nomograms for patients with non-distant metastatic cutaneous melanoma based on surgical approaches. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18479-18490. [PMID: 37592896 PMCID: PMC10557963 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Surgery is an essential treatment for non-distant metastatic cutaneous melanoma (NMCM). We aim to construct and validate prognostic nomograms based on surgical approaches and the clinicopathological characteristics of NMCM patients. METHODS Data of patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma from 2004 to 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Two online nomograms were constructed to predict the 3, 5-year melanoma-specific survival (MSS) for NMCM patients based on the surgical approaches. These nomograms were evaluated by the dynamic Harrell's concordance index (C-index), decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve. Both internal and external data verification were conducted. RESULTS A total of 14,091 NMCM cases were included in this study. The C-index of the nomograms for the excisional surgery group and amputation group were 0.818 and 0.806, respectively, and 0.763 and 0.731, respectively, in our hospital data validation. After internal and bootstrap verification, our two nomograms showed good accuracy and practicality. CONCLUSION NMCM patients exhibited equal survival rates independent of resection margin size, while those who needed amputation had worse survival rates. We generated two online nomograms distinguished by surgical approach to predict NMCM patient survival based on clinicopathological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yuedong Chen
- Diabetic Foot CenterNanjing Junxie HospitalNanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ran Mo
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Burns and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
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14
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Guevara M, Baztan M, Burgui R, Ovies A, Menéndez A, Eciolaza M, Moreno-Iribas C, Ardanaz E. [Survival of cancer patients in Navarre and comparison with Spain]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2023; 46:e1042. [PMID: 37594062 PMCID: PMC10498136 DOI: 10.23938/assn.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the survival of adult cancer patients in Navarre, describe its trend, and compare the data for this Spanish Autonomous Community against that reported for Spain. METHODS Records of adult cancer patients were retrieved from the Navarre´s population-based cancer registry for two periods (1999-2007 and 2008-2016). The vital status had been updated to 2020. Observed survival, net survival and age-standardized net survival at five years with 95% confidence intervals were estimated overall and for twenty-nine cancer groups. RESULTS We analyzed 57,564 cases. Age-standardized net survival was 59.9% (59.1-60.8) and 63.8% (62.8-64.7) for males and females diagnosed with cancer during the 2008-2016 period, respectively. Age-standardized net survival ranged from 13.4% (10.4-17.4) for pancreatic cancer to 94.0% (88.1-100) for thyroid cancer in male patients, and from 11.9% (7.2-19.7) for liver cancer to 95.6% (92.6-98.6-%) for thyroid cancer in female patients. Compared with cases diagnosed in the 1999-2007 period, age-standardized net survival increased in 10 cancer groups, resulting in an overall increase of 5.1 (4.1-6.0) percentage points. The age-standardized net survival in Navarre was 2.7 (1.9-3.4) percentage points higher than that described for Spain for the 2008-2013 period. CONCLUSIONS In Navarre, the survival of cancer patients diagnosed during the 2008-2016 period improved significantly in comparison to the 1999-2007 period. Different factors may explain this improvement, including earlier diagnoses, more effective treatment options, and better healthcare processes. Overall, survival was higher in women than in men. Our results suggest a higher survival rate in Navarre than in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miren Baztan
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra. Departamento de Salud. Gobierno de Navarra. Pamplona. España..
| | | | - Alberto Ovies
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra. Departamento de Salud. Gobierno de Navarra. Pamplona. España..
| | - Aitziber Menéndez
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra. Departamento de Salud. Gobierno de Navarra. Pamplona. España..
| | - Maribel Eciolaza
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra. Departamento de Salud. Gobierno de Navarra. Pamplona. España..
| | | | - Eva Ardanaz
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra.
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15
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Pan M, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Achacoso N, Solorzano-Pinto AV, Tse P, Chung E, Suga JM, Thomas S, Habel LA. Sex- and Co-Mutation-Dependent Prognosis in Patients with SMARCA4-Mutated Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2665. [PMID: 37345003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether sex and co-mutations impact prognosis of patients with SMARCA4-mutated (mutSMARCA4) malignancies is not clear. METHODS This cohort included patients from Northern California Kaiser Permanente with next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed from August 2020 to October 2022. We used Cox regression modeling to examine the association between sex and overall survival (OS), adjusting for demographics, performance status, Charlson comorbidity index, receipt of treatment, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and TP53, KRAS, CDKN2A, STK11, and Keap1 co-mutations. RESULTS Out of 9221 cases with NGS performed, 125 cases (1.4%) had a mutSMARCA4. The most common malignancies with a mutSMARCA4 were non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, 35.2%), esophageal and stomach adenocarcinoma (12.8%), and cancer of unknown primary (11.2%). The most common co-mutations were p53 (mutp53, 59.2%), KRAS (mutKRAS, 28.8%), CDKN2A (mutCDKN2A, 31.2%), STK11 (mutSTK11, 12.8%), and Keap1 (mutKeap1, 8.8%) mutations. Male patients had substantially worse OS than female patients both among the entire mutSMARCA4 cohort (HR = 1.71, [95% CI 0.92-3.18]) with a median OS of 3.0 versus 43.3 months (p < 0.001), and among the NSCLC subgroup (HR = 14.2, [95% CI 2.76-73.4]) with a median OS of 2.75 months versus un-estimable (p = 0.02). Among all patients with mutSMARCA4, mutp53 versus wtp53 (HR = 2.12, [95% CI 1.04-4.29]) and mutSTK11 versus wtSTK11 (HR = 2.59, [95% CI 0.87-7.73]) were associated with worse OS. Among the NSCLC subgroup, mutp53 versus wtp53 (HR = 0.35, [0.06-1.97]) and mutKRAS versus wtKRAS (HR = 0.04, [0.003-.45]) were associated with better OS, while mutCDKN2A versus wtCDKN2A (HR = 5.04, [1.12-22.32]), mutSTK11 versus wtSTK11 (HR = 13.10, [95% CI 1.16-148.26]), and mutKeap1 versus wtKeap1 (HR = 5.06, [95% CI 0.89-26.61}) were associated with worse OS. CONCLUSION In our cohort of patients with mutSMARCA4, males had substantially worse prognosis than females, while mutTP53, mutKRAS, mutCDKN2A, mutSTK11 and mutKeap1were differentially associated with prognosis among all patients and among the NSCLC subgroup. Our results, if confirmed, could suggest potentially unidentified mechanisms that underly this sex and co-mutation-dependent prognostic disparity among patients whose tumor bears a mutSMARCA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggui Pan
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, CA 94051, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Chen Jiang
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Zheyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, and National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | | | - Pam Tse
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Elaine Chung
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Jennifer Marie Suga
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Vallejo, CA 94589, USA
| | - Sachdev Thomas
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kaiser Permanente, Vallejo, CA 94589, USA
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
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Pilleron S, Withrow DR, Nicholson BD, Morris EJA. Age-related differences in colon and rectal cancer survival by stage, histology, and tumour site: An analysis of United States SEER-18 data. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 84:102363. [PMID: 37060832 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Age-related differences in colon and rectal cancer survival have been observed, even after accounting for differences in background mortality. To determine how stage, tumour site, and histology contribute to these differences, we extracted age-specific one-year relative survival ratio (RS) stratified by these factors. We used colon and rectal cancer cases diagnosed between 2012 and 2016 from 18 United States Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer registries. For colon cancer, 1-year RS ranged from 87.8 % [95 % Confidence Interval: 87.5-88.2] in the 50-64-year-olds to 62.3 % [61.3-63.3] in 85-99-year-olds and for rectal cancer ranged from 92.3 % [91.8-92.7] to 65.0 % [62.3-67.5]. With respect to stage, absolute differences in RS between 50-64-year-olds and 75-84-year-olds increased with increasing stage (from 6 [5-7] %-points in localised disease to 27 [25-29] %-points in distant disease) and were the highest for cancers of unknown stage (> 28 %-points). Age-related differences in survival were smallest for persons with tumours in the right-sided colon (8 [7-9] %-points) and largest for tumours of the colon without tumour site further specified (25 [21-29] %-points). With respect to histology, differences ranged from 7.4 % to 10.6 %-points for cancers with one of the three primary histologies (adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma) and were several-fold higher (42 %-points) for those with unknown/other histology (< 6 % of cases). Because age-related differences in survival were observed for all histologies and tumour sites, RS differences are unlikely to be driven by differences in the distribution of these factors by age. Differences in stage distribution by age are likely to contribute toward age-related differences in survival. Within stage groups, age differences in survival could be explained by frailty and/or therapy. Future studies incorporating data on treatment and geriatric conditions including frailty and comorbidity would support further understanding of the age gap in colon and rectal cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Pilleron
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Ageing, Cancer, and Disparities Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Diana R Withrow
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Brian D Nicholson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eva J A Morris
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Mafra A, Bardot A, Charvat H, Weiderpass E, Soerjomataram I, Fregnani JHTG. Cancer survival in the northwestern of São Paulo State, Brazil: A population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 83:102339. [PMID: 36863216 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based cancer registry (PBCR) data provide crucial information for evaluating the effectiveness of cancer services and reflect prospects for cure by estimating population-based cancer survival. This study provides long-term trends in survival among patients diagnosed with cancer in the Barretos region (São Paulo State, Brazil). METHODS In this population-based study, we estimated the one- and five-year age-standardized net survival rates of 13,246 patients diagnosed with 24 different cancer types in Barretos region between 2000 and 2018. The results were presented by sex, time since diagnosis, disease stage, and period of diagnosis. RESULTS Marked differences in the one- and five-year age-standardized net survival rates were observed across the cancer sites. Pancreatic cancer had the lowest 5-year net survival (5.5 %, 95 %CI: 2.9-9.4) followed by oesophageal cancer (5.6 %, 95 %CI: 3.0-9.4), while prostate cancer ranked the best (92.1 %, 95 %CI: 87.8-94.9), followed by thyroid cancer (87.4 %, 95 %CI: 69.9-95.1) and female breast cancer (78.3 %, 95 %CI: 74.5-81.6). The survival rates differed substantially according to sex and clinical stage. Comparing the first (2000-2005) and last (2012-2018) periods, cancer survival improved, especially for thyroid, leukemia, and pharyngeal cancers, with differences of 34.4 %, 29.0 %, and 28.7 %, respectively. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate long-term cancer survival in the Barretos region, showing an overall improvement over the last two decades. Survival varied by site, indicating the need for multiple cancer control actions in the future with a lower burden of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allini Mafra
- Population-based Cancer Registry of Barretos Region, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII Foundation, Barretos, 14784-400 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Aude Bardot
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Hadrien Charvat
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Director's Office, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Isabelle Soerjomataram
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani
- Population-based Cancer Registry of Barretos Region, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII Foundation, Barretos, 14784-400 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Superintendence of Education and Research, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01525-001, Brazil.
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18
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Kaczmarek K, Lemiński A, Małkiewicz B, Gurwin A, Lisiński J, Słojewski M. Diminishing the Gender-Related Disparity in Survival among Chemotherapy Pre-Treated Patients after Radical Cystectomy-A Multicenter Observational Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041260. [PMID: 36835795 PMCID: PMC9958943 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a well-documented problem of inferior outcome of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) after radical cystectomy (RC) in women. However, previous studies were conducted before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was widely adopted to multidisciplinary management of MIBC. In our study, we assessed the gender-related difference in survival between patients who received NAC and those who underwent upfront RC, in two academic centers. This non-randomized, clinical follow-up study enrolled 1238 consecutive patients, out of whom 253 received NAC. We analyzed survival outcome of RC according to gender between NAC and non-NAC subgroups. We found that female gender was associated with inferior overall survival (OS), compared to males (HR, 1.234; 95%CI 1.046-1.447; p = 0.013) in the overall cohort and in non-NAC patients with ≥pT2 disease (HR, 1.220 95%CI 1.009-1.477; p = 0.041). However, no gender-specific difference was observed in patients exposed to NAC. The 5-year OS in NAC-exposed women in ≤pT1 and ≥pT2 disease, was 69.333% 95%CI (46.401-92.265) and 36.535% (13.134-59.936) respectively, compared to men 77.727% 95%CI (65.952-89.502) and 39.122% 95%CI (29.162-49.082), respectively. The receipt of NAC not only provides downstaging and prolongs patients' survival after radical treatment of MIBC but may also help to diminish the gender specific disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Kaczmarek
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-4661100
| | - Artur Lemiński
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Małkiewicz
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Gurwin
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janusz Lisiński
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin Słojewski
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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19
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Hong SA, Simpson MC, Du EY, Ward GM. Epidemiology and Prognostic Indicators of Survival in Tongue Lymphoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:190-199. [PMID: 35373599 DOI: 10.1177/00034894221088175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymphoma, categorized as either non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma, is the second most common malignancy in the head and neck. Primary tongue lymphoma is exceedingly rare, with only case reports or small case series in the literature. This population-based analysis is the first to report the epidemiology and prognostic factors of survival in patients with primary tongue lymphoma. METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database from the National Cancer Institute was queried for patients diagnosed between the years 2000 and 2016 with tongue lymphoma. Outcomes of interest were overall and disease-specific survival. Independent variables included age at diagnosis, sex, race, marital status, primary subsite, histologic subtype, stage, and treatment type. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Seven hundred forty patients met criteria; the male-female ratio was 1.5:1 and the mean age at diagnosis was 67.8 years. The majority of lesions localized to the base of tongue (90.0%), were histologically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (59.5%), and presented at stage I or II (77.9%). Most early-stage lymphomas were treated with chemotherapy only (40.5%) or a combination of both chemotherapy and radiation (31.3%), while late-stage cancers were primarily treated with chemotherapy alone (68.5%). In multivariate analysis, younger age at diagnosis, female sex, married/partnered marital status, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue histologic subtype, and earlier cancer stage were found to be associated with improved survival. Chemotherapy treatment with or without radiation was also associated with better survival compared to no treatment or radiation alone, though data regarding immunotherapy was unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew C Simpson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Y Du
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory M Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
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20
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Singh N, Khatib J, Chiu CY, Lin J, Patel TS, Liu-Smith F. Tumor Androgen Receptor Protein Level Is Positively Associated with a Better Overall Survival in Melanoma Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020345. [PMID: 36833272 PMCID: PMC9957358 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in numerous tissues and serves important biologic functions in skin, prostate, immune, cardiovascular, and neural systems, alongside sexual development. Several studies have associated AR expression and patient survival in various cancers, yet there are limited studies examining the relationship between AR expression and cutaneous melanoma. This study used genomics and proteomics data from The Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with 470 cutaneous melanoma patient data points. Cox regression analyses evaluated the association between AR protein level with overall survival and revealed that a higher level of AR protein was positively associated with a better overall survival (OS) (p = 0.003). When stratified by sex, the AR association with OS was only significant for both sexes. The multivariate Cox models with justifications of sex, age of diagnosis, stage of disease, and Breslow depth of the tumor confirmed the AR-OS association in all patients. However, the significance of AR was lost when ulceration was included in the model. When stratified by sex, the multivariate Cox models indicated significant role of AR in OS of female patients but not in males. AR-associated genes were identified and enrichment analysis revealed shared and distinct gene network in male and female patients. Furthermore, AR was found significantly associated with OS in RAS mutant subtypes of melanoma but not in BRAF, NF1, or triple-wild type subtypes of melanoma. Our study may provide insight into the well-known female survival advantage in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Singh
- College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Jude Khatib
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Chi-Yang Chiu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Jianjian Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Tejesh Surender Patel
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Feng Liu-Smith
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Correspondence:
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21
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EBV and MSI Status in Gastric Cancer: Does It Matter? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010074. [PMID: 36612071 PMCID: PMC9817503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the impactof microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in gastric cancer (GC), regarding response to perioperative chemotherapy (POPChT), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We included 137 cases of operated GC, 51 of which were submitted to POPChT. MSI status was determined by multiplex PCR and EBV status by EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization. Thirty-seven (27%) cases presented as MSI-high, and seven (5.1%) were EBV+. Concerning tumor regression after POPChT, no differences were observed between the molecular subtypes, but females were more likely to respond (p = 0.062). No significant differences were found in OS or PFS between different subtypes. In multivariate analysis, age (HR 1.02, IC 95% 1.002-1.056, p = 0.033) and positive lymph nodes (HR 1.82, IC 95% 1.034-3.211, p = 0.038) were the only prognostic factors for OS. However, females with MSI-high tumors treated with POPChT demonstrated a significantly increased OS compared to females with MSS tumors (p = 0.031). In conclusion, we found a high proportion of MSI-high cases. MSI and EBV status did not influence OS or PFS either in patients submitted to POPChT or surgery alone. However, superior survival of females with MSI-high tumors suggests that sex disparities and molecular classification may influence treatment options in GC.
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22
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High RPMB predicts poor disease-free survival of male N1 papillary thyroid cancer after adjuvant radioiodine therapy. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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23
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Human Melanoma Cells Differentially Express RNASEL/RNase-L and miR-146a-5p under Sex Hormonal Stimulation. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4790-4802. [PMID: 36286041 PMCID: PMC9601115 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the ribonuclease L (RNASEL) coding gene and hsa-miR-146a-5p (miR-146a) have been associated with melanoma in a sex-specific manner. We hypothesized that RNASEL and miR-146a expression could be influenced by sex hormones playing a role in the female advantages observed in melanoma incidence and survival. Thus, we explored the effects of testosterone and 17β-estradiol on RNASEL and miR-146a expression in LM-20 and A375 melanoma cell lines. Direct targeting of miR-146a to the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of RNASEL was examined using a luciferase reporter system. Our results indicate that RNASEL is a direct target of miR-146a in both melanoma cell lines. Trough qPCR and western blot analyses, we explored the effect of miR-146a mimic transfection in the presence of each hormone either on RNASEL mRNA level or on protein expression of RNase-L, the enzyme codified by RNASEL gene. In the presence of testosterone or 17β-estradiol, miR-146a overexpression did not influence RNASEL transcript level in LM-20 cell line, but it slightly induced RNASEL mRNA level in A375 cells. Remarkably, miR-146a overexpression was able to repress the protein level of RNase-L in both LM-20 and A375 cells in the presence of each hormone, as well as to elicit high expression levels of the activated form of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2, hence confirming the pro-tumorigenic role of miR-146a overexpression in melanoma. Thereafter, we assessed if the administration of each hormone could affect the endogenous expression of RNASEL and miR-146a genes in LM-20 and A375 cell lines. Testosterone exerted no significant effect on RNASEL gene expression in both cell lines, while 17β-estradiol enhanced RNASEL transcript level at least in LM-20 melanoma cells. Conversely, miR-146a transcript augmented only in the presence of testosterone in either melanoma cell line. Importantly, each hormone acted quite the opposite regarding the RNase-L protein expression, i.e., testosterone significantly decreased RNase-L expression, whereas 17β-estradiol increased it. Overall, the data show that, in melanoma cells treated with 17β-estradiol, RNase-L expression increased likely by transcriptional induction of its gene. Testosterone, instead, decreased RNase-L expression in melanoma cell lines with a post-transcriptional mechanism in which miR-146a could play a role. In conclusion, the pro-tumor activity of androgen hormone in melanoma cells could be exacerbated by both miR-146a increase and RNase-L downregulation. These events may contribute to the worse outcome in male melanoma patients.
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Shan X, Tian X, Wang B, He L, Zhang L, Xue B, Liu C, Zheng L, Yu Y, Luo B. A global burden assessment of lung cancer attributed to residential radon exposure during 1990-2019. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13120. [PMID: 36305076 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the spatial and temporal trends of lung cancer burden attributable to residential radon exposure at the global, regional, and national levels. Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019, we collected the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life rate (ASDR) of lung cancer attributable to residential radon exposure from 1990 to 2019. The Joinpoint model was used to calculate the annual average percentage change (AAPC) to evaluate the trend of ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2019. The locally weighted regression (LOESS) was used to estimate the relationship of the socio-demographic index (SDI) with ASMR and ASDR. In 2019, the global ASMR and ASDR for lung cancer attributable to residential radon exposure were 1.03 (95% CI: 0.20, 2.00) and 22.66 (95% CI: 4.49, 43.94) per 100 000 population, which were 15.6% and 23.0% lower than in 1990, respectively. According to the estimation, we found the lung cancer burden attributable to residential radon exposure declined significantly in high and high-middle SDI regions, but substantially increased in middle and low-middle SDI regions from 1990 to 2019. Across age and sex, the highest burden of lung cancer attributable to residential radon exposure was found in males and elderly groups. In conclusion, the global burden of lung cancer attributable to residential radon exposure showed a declining trend from 1990 to 2019, but a relatively large increase was found in the middle SDI regions. In 2019, the burden of lung cancer attributable to residential radon exposure remained high, particularly in males, the elderly, and high-middle SDI regions compared with other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Shan
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Li He
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Baode Xue
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ce Liu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yunhui Yu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Sex as a prognostic factor in adult-type diffuse gliomas: an integrated clinical and molecular analysis according to the 2021 WHO classification. J Neurooncol 2022; 159:695-703. [PMID: 35988090 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether type-specific sex differences in survival exist independently of clinical and molecular factors in adult-type diffuse gliomas according to the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. METHODS A retrospective chart and imaging review of 1325 patients (mean age, 54 ± 15 years; 569 females) with adult-type diffuse gliomas (oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant, and 1p/19q-codeleted, n = 183; astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, n = 211; glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, n = 800; IDH-wildtype diffuse glioma, NOS, n = 131) was performed. The demographic information, extent of resection, imaging data, and molecular data including O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase promoter methylation (MGMT) promotor methylation were collected. Sex differences in survival were analyzed using Cox analysis. RESULTS In patients with glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, female sex remained as an independent predictor of better overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.91, P = 0.031), along with age, histological grade 4, MGMT promoter methylation status, and gross total resection. Female sex showed a higher prevalence of MGMT promoter methylation (40.2% vs 32.0%, P = 0.017) but there was no interaction effect between female sex and MGMT promoter methylation status (P-interaction = 0.194), indicating independent role of female sex. The median OS for females were 19.2 months (12.3-35.0) and 16.2 months (10.5-30.6) for males. No sex difference in survival was seen in other types of adult-type diffuse gliomas. CONCLUSION There was a female survival advantage in glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, independently of clinical data or MGMT promoter methylation status. There was no sex difference in survival in other types of adult-type diffuse gliomas, suggesting type-specific sex effects solely in glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype.
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26
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Zeng H, Zheng D, Witlox WJA, Levy A, Traverso A, Kong FMS, Houben R, De Ruysscher DKM, Hendriks LEL. Risk Factors for Brain Metastases in Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:889161. [PMID: 35756675 PMCID: PMC9226404 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.889161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients is controversial. Risk factors for brain metastasis (BM) development are largely lacking, hampering personalized treatment strategies. This study aimed to identify the possible risk factors for BM in SCLC.We systematically searched the Pubmed database (1 January 1995 to 18 January 2021) according to the PRISMA guidelines. Eligibility criteria: studies reporting detailed BM data with an adequate sample size (randomized clinical trials [RCTs]: N ≥50; non-RCTs: N ≥100) in patients with SCLC. We summarized the reported risk factors and performed meta-analysis to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HR) if enough qualified data (i.e., two or more studies; the same study type; the same analysis method; and HRs retrievable) were available. In total, 61/536 records were eligible (18 RCTs and 39 non-RCTs comprising 13,188 patients), in which 57 factors were reported. Ten factors qualified BM data for meta-analysis: Limited stage disease (LD) (HR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17–0.67; P = 0.002) and older age (≥65) (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.54–0.92; P = 0.01) were associated with less BM; A higher T stage (≥T3) (HR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.16–2.56; P = 0.007) was a significant risk factor for BM. Male sex (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.99–1.54; P = 0.06) tended to be a risk factor, and better PS (0–1) (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.42–1.02; P = 0.06) tended to have less BM. Smoking, thoracic radiotherapy dose were not significant (P >0.05). PCI significantly decreased BM (P <0.001), but did not improve OS in ED-SCLC (P = 0.81). A higher PCI dose did not improve OS (P = 0.11). The impact on BM was conflicting between Cox regression data (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.26–1.31; P = 0.20) and competing risk regression data (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.55–0.99; P = 0.04). Compared to M0–M1a, M1b was a risk factor for OS (P = 0.01) in ED-SCLC, but not for BM (P = 0.19). As regular brain imaging is rarely performed, high-quality data is lacking. Other factors such as N-stage and blood biomarkers had no qualified data to perform meta-analysis. In conclusion, younger age, higher T stage, and ED are risk factors for BM, suggesting that PCI should be especially discussed in such cases. Individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis and well-designed RCTs are needed to better identify more risk factors and further confirm our findings. Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021228391, identifier CRD42021228391.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Danyang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Willem J A Witlox
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Antonin Levy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alberto Traverso
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Feng-Ming Spring Kong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruud Houben
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dirk K M De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lizza E L Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
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27
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Yang A, Tanamal P, Tibbetts K, Sumer B, Blackwell JM, Schostag K, Sher D, Day A. Characteristics and outcomes of young patients with laryngeal cancer: National hospital-based retrospective cohort analysis. Head Neck 2022; 44:2095-2108. [PMID: 35708157 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relative incidence of laryngeal cancer is rising in young patients, yet their characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes relative to older patients are poorly understood. METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis of the National Cancer Database from 2006 to 2015. RESULTS Among 25 029 total patients, 923 (3.7%) were young (<45 years old) and 3266 underwent tumor HPV testing. Compared to older patients, a greater proportion of young patients were female (30.3%, 23.3%; p < 0.001) and seen with high-risk HPV-positive tumors (29.9%, 12.4%; p < 0.001). In subset analyses of young patients, females with higher income (≥$38 000) exhibited a decreased risk of overall mortality compared to all other sex-income subcategories (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25-0.72). In subset analyses of patients of all ages with known tumor HPV status, patients with high-risk HPV-positive tumors exhibited a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.60-0.92, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION The interdependent associations between age, sex, tumor HPV status, and income on laryngeal cancer outcomes warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Priscilla Tanamal
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen Tibbetts
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Baran Sumer
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - James-Michael Blackwell
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly Schostag
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - David Sher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Day
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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28
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Johansson ALV, Dickman PW, Eloranta S, Björkholm M. Reproductive history, as measured by parity, age at first birth and sex of offspring, and cancer-specific survival after a haematological malignancy. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:764-772. [PMID: 35451928 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2022.2064726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overall, women have better cancer-specific survival than men following haematological malignancies. The effect of reproductive factors on prognosis in women remains unknown and population-based studies are needed. MATERIAL AND METHODS A nationwide cohort of 21,237 Swedish women with a recorded haematological malignancy at ages 18-69 years was identified in the Swedish Cancer Register 1970-2018. Pre-diagnosis childbirths for each woman were linked to the Swedish Multigeneration Register. Net survival and excess hazard ratios for parity, age at first birth, time since the latest birth, and sex of offspring were estimated using flexible parametric models adjusted for age, year, and educational level. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, parity (p = 0.0012) and high age at first birth (p < 0.0001) were associated with better survival. After co-adjustments for reproductive factors and confounders, the associations were attenuated. The adjusted association with parity was mainly observed among women aged above 40 years at diagnosis (p = 0.0033). The associations with reproductive factors were non-significant across subtypes of haematological malignancy. There was a tendency of higher excess mortality for an increasing number of boys compared to girls, although only significant for women with three or more children (p = 0.0126). CONCLUSION Reproductive factors were in part associated with survival following diagnosis of a haematological malignancy. However, the effect sizes were small with inconsistent association patterns, and thus reproductive factors may only partly contribute to the survival advantage of women over men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. V. Johansson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paul W. Dickman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Eloranta
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Björkholm
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Sharma R. A comparative examination of colorectal cancer burden in European Union, 1990-2019: Estimates from Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. Int J Clin Oncol 2022; 27:1309-1320. [PMID: 35590123 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-022-02182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examines the burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) in European Union (EU) countries in the last 3 decades. METHODS The data pertaining to CRC burden were procured from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study for 28 EU countries (including United Kingdom) for the period 1990-2019. The age-standardized rates of CRC were utilized to compare the country-wise burden and joinpoint regression models were applied to examine the trends. RESULTS In EU, CRC incident cases increased by 70.2% from 261,306 to 444,872 and deaths increased by 36.8% from 155,823 to 213,174 between 1990 and 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased by 11.9% from 37.8/100,000 to 42.3/100,000 between 1990 and 2019; in contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) decreased by 16.9% (1990: 22.4/100,000; 2019: 18.6/100,000) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDALR) decreased by 18.6% (1990: 472.9/100,000; 2019: 385.1/100,000) in the study period. In 2019, Hungary was the leading country in terms of ASMR (28.6/100,000) and ASDALR (630.3/100,000), and Lithuania (29.2/100,000) had the lowest ASIR, whereas Finland had the lowest ASMR (12.3/100,000) and ASDALR (253.6/100,000) in 2019. CONCLUSION CRC incidence is increasing in EU and mortality rates, although decreasing, are still unacceptably high. CRC control efforts must be focused around early detection using screening and prevention through reduction of modifiable risk factors. Increasing CRC incidence rates in young adults in recent years requires more research to pinpoint risk factors, and there must be more awareness of this recent development among general public and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Sharma
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Delhi Technological University, East Delhi Campus, Room No. 305, Vivek Vihar Phase II, Delhi, 110095, India.
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Guevara M, Molinuevo A, Salmerón D, Marcos-Gragera R, Carulla M, Chirlaque MD, Rodríguez Camblor M, Alemán A, Rojas D, Vizcaíno Batllés A, Chico M, Jiménez Chillarón R, López de Munain A, de Castro V, Sánchez MJ, Ramalle-Gómara E, Franch P, Galceran J, Ardanaz E. Cancer Survival in Adults in Spain: A Population-Based Study of the Spanish Network of Cancer Registries (REDECAN). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102441. [PMID: 35626046 PMCID: PMC9139549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We studied cancer survival and its trends in adult patients in Spain. We included more than 600,000 patients with primary cancer diagnosed during 2002–2013 and followed them up to 2015. The study provides cancer survival estimates up to five years after diagnosis by sex and age for 29 cancer groups. We found survival improvements for most cancer groups from 2002–2007 to 2008–2013, although with differences by age, being greater for patients younger than 75 years than for older patients. The persistent poor prognosis for some cancers emphasizes the need to reinforce actions along the cancer continuum, from primary prevention to early diagnosis, optimal treatment, and supportive care. Further examination of possible sociodemographic inequalities is warranted. Abstract The assessment of cancer survival at the population level is essential for monitoring progress in cancer control. We aimed to assess cancer survival and its trends in adults in Spain. Individual records of 601,250 adults with primary cancer diagnosed during 2002–2013 and followed up to 2015 were included from 13 population-based cancer registries. We estimated net survival up to five years after diagnosis and analyzed absolute changes between 2002–2007 and 2008–2013. Estimates were age-standardized. Analyses were performed for 29 cancer groups, by age and sex. Overall, age-standardized five-year net survival was higher in women (61.7%, 95% CI 61.4–62.1%) than in men (55.3%, 95% CI 55.0–55.6%), and ranged by cancer from 7.2% (pancreas) to 89.6% (prostate) in men, and from 10.0% (pancreas) to 93.1% (thyroid) in women in the last period. Survival declined with age, showing different patterns by cancer. Between both periods, age-standardized five-year net survival increased overall by 3.3% (95% CI 3.0–3.7%) in men and 2.5% (95% CI 2.0–3.0%) in women, and for most cancer groups. Improvements were greater in patients younger than 75 years than in older patients. Chronic myeloid leukemia and myeloma showed the largest increases. Among the most common malignancies, the greatest absolute increases in survival were observed for colon (5.0%, 95% CI 4.0–6.0%) and rectal cancers (4.5%, 95% CI 3.2–5.9%). Survival improved even for some cancers with poor prognosis (pancreas, esophagus, lung, liver, and brain cancer). Further investigation of possible sociodemographic inequalities is warranted. This study contributes to the evaluation of cancer control and health services’ effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Guevara
- Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain;
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.S.); (R.M.-G.); (M.-D.C.); (M.-J.S.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Amaia Molinuevo
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Diego Salmerón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.S.); (R.M.-G.); (M.-D.C.); (M.-J.S.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.S.); (R.M.-G.); (M.-D.C.); (M.-J.S.)
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Descriptive Epidemiology, Genetics and Cancer Prevention Research Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdiBGi), 17190 Girona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Marià Carulla
- Tarragona Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Service, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, CatSalut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (M.C.); (J.G.)
- Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.S.); (R.M.-G.); (M.-D.C.); (M.-J.S.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Araceli Alemán
- Canary Islands Cancer Registry, Public Health Directorate, Canary Health Service, 35003 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.); (D.R.)
| | - Dolores Rojas
- Canary Islands Cancer Registry, Public Health Directorate, Canary Health Service, 35003 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.); (D.R.)
| | - Ana Vizcaíno Batllés
- Castellón Cancer Registry, Public Health Directorate, General Health Department, Generalitat Valenciana, 46020 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Matilde Chico
- Ciudad Real Cancer Registry, Health and Social Welfare Authority, Castile-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Rosario Jiménez Chillarón
- Cuenca Cancer Registry, Health and Social Welfare Authority, Castile-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain;
| | - Arantza López de Munain
- Basque Country Cancer Registry, Health Department, 01010 Vitoria, Spain; (A.L.d.M.); (V.d.C.)
| | - Visitación de Castro
- Basque Country Cancer Registry, Health Department, 01010 Vitoria, Spain; (A.L.d.M.); (V.d.C.)
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.S.); (R.M.-G.); (M.-D.C.); (M.-J.S.)
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique Ramalle-Gómara
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, La Rioja Regional Health Authority, 26071 Logroño, Spain;
| | - Paula Franch
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Illes Balears, 07120 Palma, Spain;
- Mallorca Cancer Registry, Balearic Islands Public Health Department, 07010 Palma, Spain
| | - Jaume Galceran
- Tarragona Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Service, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, CatSalut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (M.C.); (J.G.)
- Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain;
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.S.); (R.M.-G.); (M.-D.C.); (M.-J.S.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Abstract
Background: Sex dimorphism strongly impacts tumor biology, with most cancers having a male predominance. Uniquely, thyroid cancer (TC) is the only nonreproductive cancer with striking female predominance with three- to four-fold higher incidence among females, although males generally have more aggressive disease. The molecular basis for this observation is not known, and current approaches in treatment and surveillance are not sex specific. Summary: Although TC has overall good prognosis, 6-20% of patients develop regional or distant metastasis, one third of whom are not responsive to conventional treatment approaches and suffer a 10-year survival rate of only 10%. More efficacious treatment strategies are needed for these aggressive TCs, as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy have major toxicities without demonstrable overall survival benefit. Emerging evidence indicates a role of sex hormones, genetics, and the immune system in modulation of both risk for TC and its progression in a sex-specific manner. Conclusion: Greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in TC pathogenesis could provide insights into the development of sex-specific, targeted, and effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and management. This review summarizes emerging evidence for the importance of sex in the pathogenesis, progression, and response to treatment in differentiated TC with emphasis on the role of sex hormones, genetics, and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Shobab
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kenneth D Burman
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Leonard Wartofsky
- Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Stabellini N, Bruno DS, Dmukauskas M, Barda AJ, Cao L, Shanahan J, Waite K, Montero AJ, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex differences in lung cancer treatment and outcomes at a large hybrid academic-community practice. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100307. [PMID: 35400080 PMCID: PMC8983352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2022.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusions
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Overall Survival of Patients with Myxofibrosarcomas: An Epidemiological Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051102. [PMID: 35267410 PMCID: PMC8909833 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a rare mesenchymal soft tissue sarcoma type, with a high local recurrence (LR) rate. Robust epidemiological data on MFS are lacking. We, therefore, aimed to identify prognostic factors and describe real-life outcomes of a large cohort of 908 MFS patients obtained from the nationwide database of the Netherlands Cancer Registry and diagnosed between 2002 and 2019. Median Overall survival (OS) was 155 (range 0.1-215) months, with a five-year OS of 67.7%. No improvement of OS was found over time. Multivariable Cox regression survival analysis demonstrated known prognostic factors for OS, such as older age, tumour size, and histological grade with the addition of sex. Surgery at sarcoma expertise centres, instead of general hospitals, was associated with better OS outcomes. In a subcohort of 177 patients, 39% developed LR with a median time to recurrence of 20 months. From LR on, the median OS was 64.0 months (CI 95% 38.5-89.5). In 28%, distant metastases were diagnosed with a median OS of 34.3 months (CI 95% 28.8-39.8) after diagnosis of the primary tumour. In this largest nationwide cohort so far, survival outcomes and recurrence rates for MFS patients did not improve over time, emphasizing the need to improve treatment strategies and suggesting a role for sarcoma expertise centres.
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Sarrio-Sanz P, Martinez-Cayuelas L, Gil-Guillen VF, Quesada JA, Gomez-Perez L. Mortality Trends Related to Bladder Cancer in Spain, 1999-2018. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11040930. [PMID: 35207200 PMCID: PMC8880070 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11040930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is an important cause of premature mortality (PM, <75 years). Spain has one of the highest BC mortality rates in Europe. The objective of this study was to analyse BC mortality trends between 1999 and 2018 in Spain. The study was based on data from the National Institute of Statistics (Instituto Nacional de Estadística-INE). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were calculated by sex and age group. A trend analysis was performed using Joinpoint regression models and years of potential life lost (YPLL). Mortality in men resulting from BC decreased in all age groups studied. This was not observed in women, for whom mortality only decreased in the ≥75 age group. Deaths due to BC occurred prematurely in 38.6% of men and in 23.8% of women, which indicated a greater impact on YPLL in men compared to women. Over the last 20 years, there has been a significant decrease in BC mortality rate, except in women under 75 years of age. Despite this temporal trend of decreasing mortality, BC continues to have a significant impact on YPLL, mainly in men. Given this context, it is important to direct more resources towards prevention and early diagnosis strategies to correct this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Sarrio-Sanz
- Urology Department, University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (P.S.-S.); (L.M.-C.); (L.G.-P.)
| | - Laura Martinez-Cayuelas
- Urology Department, University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (P.S.-S.); (L.M.-C.); (L.G.-P.)
| | | | - José Antonio Quesada
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Luis Gomez-Perez
- Urology Department, University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (P.S.-S.); (L.M.-C.); (L.G.-P.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain;
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Qiu W, Wu X, Shi H, Liu B, Li L, Wu W, Lin J. ASF1B: A Possible Prognostic Marker, Therapeutic Target, and Predictor of Immunotherapy in Male Thyroid Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:678025. [PMID: 35174076 PMCID: PMC8841667 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.678025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common malignant endocrine tumor worldwide. Several studies have documented that male patients with TC have a higher rate of metastasis and disease recurrence than female patients. However, the mechanism underlying this observation is not completely clear. The goal of our research was to investigate the potential key candidate genes and pathways related to TC progression in male patients at the molecular level. Methods A total of 320 samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Hub genes were screened out using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Survival analysis was used to identify hub genes associated with disease-free survival (DFS) rates. Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression (ESTIMATE) data were used to assess the relationship between hub genes and immune cell infiltration. The molecular mechanism and biological functions of hub genes were explored using RT-qPCR, Western blot, Cell Counting Kit-8 Assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assays, and scratch assays. Results Forty-seven hub genes were identified, and the survival analysis demonstrated that anti-silencing function 1B (ASF1B) was the sole independent risk factor for poor DFS in male TC patients. Possible associations between the results from the ESTIMATE analysis showed that the ASF1B expression level was related to the ESTIMATE score, immune score, and T-cell regulatory (Treg) infiltration level. Through in vitro cell function experiments, we verified that knockdown of ASF1B inhibited KTC-1 cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and blocked cell cycle. The silencing of ASF1B reduced protein kinase B (AKT), phospho-AKT (p-AKT), and forkhead box p3 (FOXP3) in KTC-1 cells. Moreover, FOXP3 overexpression markedly restored the cell migration, invasion, and proliferation abilities repressed by ASF1B knockdown. Conclusions Our results indicate that ASF1B can be considered a prognostic marker, therapeutic target, and predictor of immunotherapy response in male thyroid cancer patients. However, further in-depth studies are required to validate this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinquan Wu
- *Correspondence: Xinquan Wu, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-0779-8708
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Lv C, Wang J, Zhou M, Xu JY, Chen B, Wan Y. Primary central nervous system lymphoma in the United States, 1975–2017. Ther Adv Hematol 2022; 13:20406207211066166. [PMID: 35096360 PMCID: PMC8793121 DOI: 10.1177/20406207211066166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has received more attention because of an inferior prognosis. Less is known about the incidence rate, histological type, and survival rate of PCNSL, especially in the 2010s. Methods: Data of PCNSL from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry database (SEER 9 registries and SEER 18 registries) were used. Incidence was estimated by age, gender, race, site, and histological type. Trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression and described as annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Five-year overall survival estimates were compared using log-rank tests. Results: Most PCNSL occurred in the brain, followed by the spinal cord. The most frequent histological type of PCNSL was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, followed by marginal zone lymphoma. Incidence rate increased from 0.1/100,000 to 0.5/100,000 with an AAPC of 5.3% from 1975 to 2017. Incidence rates varied greatly between the younger and older age population. The 5-year overall survival rates in SEER 9 registries and SEER 18 registries were 30.5% and 37.4%, respectively. Even though the 5-year overall survival rate significantly increased from 27.9% for the 1975–1979 time period to 44.8% for the 2010–2017 time period, survival benefit could not be expected for patients ⩾60 years. The 5-year survival rate for elderly patients was about 30% in the 2010s. Conclusion: With aging, the incidence of PCNSL in the elderly is increased. Over the past decade, no advances have been made in the treatment of elderly PCNSL. Prospective trials with PCNSL are warranted to improve the survival of elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglan Lv
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, P.R China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wan
- The Pq Laboratory of BiomeDx/Rx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
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Male patients with papillary thyroid cancer have a higher risk of extranodal extension. Int J Clin Oncol 2022; 27:648-654. [PMID: 35000041 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-02109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a sex disparity in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Male sex is associated with a higher likelihood of advanced stage disease. This study aimed to examine the significance of sex for extranodal extension (ENE) in PTC. METHODS We reviewed the data of PTC patients who had undergone initial surgical resection from July 2012 to December 2014 (N = 1531). The effects of sex and other clinicopathological factors on ENE were investigated. RESULTS Of 1531 patients identified, 377 (24.6%) were male, 816 (53.3%) had positive nodes, and 256 (16.7%) had ENE. Compared with female patients, male patients had a higher risk of ENE (P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis of clinicopathological factors revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-2.87; P < 0.001), age older than 60 years (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.08-3.35; P = 0.023), extrathyroidal extension (OR, 3.52; 95% CI, 2.42-5.14; P < 0.001), bilateral multifocality (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.53-3.13; P < 0.001), and more positive nodes were significantly associated with increased risk of ENE. Patients with 6-10 positive nodes were 16.45-fold higher to have ENE than patients with 5 positive nodes or less (95% CI, 11.07-24.68; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Male PTC patients had a higher risk of ENE than female. Sex was an independent predictor of ENE. The underlying mechanism needs to be investigated further.
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Du S, Zhong Y, Zheng S, Lyu J. Analysis and Prediction of the Survival Trends of Patients with Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Model-Based Period Analysis, 2001-2015. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221121226. [PMID: 35981235 PMCID: PMC9393668 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221121226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignant
tumors worldwide whose poor prognosis results in a serious disease burden on
patients. The changing trend of the long-term relative survival rates (RSRs)
of patients with ccRCC was analyzed in this study to evaluate their
treatment results over a 15-year period. Methods This study is a retrospective study, which assessed and predicted the 1-, 3-,
and 5-year survival rates of patients with ccRCC during 2001-2005,
2006-2010, 2011-2015, and 2016-2020 using data extracted from the
Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Period analysis
was used in this study to analyze the data from the SEER database and to
assess survival differences according to age, sex, race, and socioeconomic
status (SES) during the 15-year study period by comparing Kaplan-Meier
curves. Results During 2001-2015, the 5-year RSR of patients with ccRCC increased from 78.4%
to 83.0%, and the generalized linear model predicted that the 5-year RSR
increased to 85.7% during 2016-2020. The RSR of patients with ccRCC differed
significantly with SES, race, sex, and age. Compared with male patients, the
survival advantage of female patients decreased as their age increased. The
RSR of all patients with ccRCC was also lower in patients with a lower SES
and of black race. Conclusion This study found an improvement in the RSR of patients with ccRCC during
2001-2020. Understanding the change trend of the survival rate of patients
with ccRCC is helpful to improve the design of clinical trials. It also
provides basic data and a scientific basis for evaluating the harm of ccRCC
on the health of affected patients and the effect of cancer prevention, and
developing cancer prevention plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Du
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, 74644Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Research, 107652The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhong
- School of Public Health, 107652Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- School of Public Health, 107652Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, 107652The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Jia Z, Wu H, Xu J, Sun G. Development and validation of a nomogram to predict overall survival in young non-metastatic rectal cancer patients after curative resection: a population-based analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2022; 37:2365-2374. [PMID: 36266551 PMCID: PMC9640402 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-022-04263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to establish and validate a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) in young non-metastatic rectal cancer (RC) patients after curative resection. METHODS Young RC patients (under 50 years of age) from 2010 to 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Those patients randomly assigned to a training cohort and a validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3. The independent prognostic factors for OS were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. A nomogram model was built based on the independent prognostic variables and was evaluated by concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS A total number of 3026 young RC patients were extracted from SEER database. OS nomogram was constructed based on race, histological type, tumor grade, T stage, N stage, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, and number of lymph nodes (LN) examined. C-index, ROC curves, calibration plot, and DCA curves presented satisfactory performance of the above nomogram in predicting the prognosis of young non-metastatic RC patients after curative resection. The nomogram can identify three subgroups of patients at different risks, which showed different prognostic outcomes both in the training cohort and validation cohort. CONCLUSION We successfully established a reliable and insightful nomogram to predict OS for young non-metastatic RC patients after curative resection. The nomogram may provide accurate prognosis prediction to guide individualized follow-up and treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 People’s Republic of China
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Papillary Thyroid Cancer Prognosis: An Evolving Field. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215567. [PMID: 34771729 PMCID: PMC8582937 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over the last couple of decades, the prognostic stratification systems of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients have been revised several times in an attempt to achieve a tailored clinical management reflecting the single patients’ needs. Such revisions are likely to continue in the near future, since the prognostic value of a number of promising clinicopathological features and new molecular biomarkers are being evaluated. Here, we will review the current staging systems of thyroid cancer patients and discuss the most relevant clinicopathological parameters and new molecular markers that are potentially capable of refining the prognosis. Abstract Over the last few years, a great advance has been made in the comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis underlying thyroid cancer progression, particularly for the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), which represents the most common thyroid malignancy. Putative cancer driver mutations have been identified in more than 98% of PTC, and a new PTC classification into molecular subtypes has been proposed in order to resolve clinical uncertainties still present in the clinical management of patients. Additionally, the prognostic stratification systems have been profoundly modified over the last decade, with a view to refine patients’ staging and being able to choose a clinical approach tailored on single patient’s needs. Here, we will briefly discuss the recent changes in the clinical management of thyroid nodules, and review the current staging systems of thyroid cancer patients by analyzing promising clinicopathological features (i.e., gender, thyroid auto-immunity, multifocality, PTC histological variants, and vascular invasion) as well as new molecular markers (i.e., BRAF/TERT promoter mutations, miRNAs, and components of the plasminogen activating system) potentially capable of ameliorating the prognosis of PTC patients.
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Hermann CD, Schoeps B, Eckfeld C, Munkhbaatar E, Kniep L, Prokopchuk O, Wirges N, Steiger K, Häußler D, Knolle P, Poulton E, Khokha R, Grünwald BT, Demir IE, Krüger A. TIMP1 expression underlies sex disparity in liver metastasis and survival in pancreatic cancer. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210911. [PMID: 34533565 PMCID: PMC8480668 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex disparity in cancer is so far inadequately considered, and components of its basis are rather unknown. We reveal that male versus female pancreatic cancer (PC) patients and mice show shortened survival, more frequent liver metastasis, and elevated hepatic metastasis-promoting gene expression. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) was the secreted factor with the strongest male-biased expression in patient-derived pancreatic tumors. Male-specific up-regulation of systemic TIMP1 was demonstrated in PC mouse models and patients. Using TIMP1-competent and TIMP1-deficient PC mouse models, we established a causal role of TIMP1 in determining shortened survival and increased liver metastasis in males. Observing TIMP1 expression as a risk parameter in males led to identification of a subpopulation exhibiting increased TIMP1 levels (T1HI males) in both primary tumors and blood. T1HI males showed increased risk for liver metastasis development not only in PC but also in colorectal cancer and melanoma. This study reveals a lifestyle-independent sex disparity in liver metastasis and may open new avenues toward precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris D. Hermann
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schoeps
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Celina Eckfeld
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Kniep
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Olga Prokopchuk
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Wirges
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Häußler
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Percy Knolle
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emily Poulton
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rama Khokha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara T. Grünwald
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Achim Krüger
- Institutes of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Liu B, Shi H, Qiu W, Wu X, Li L, Wu W. A two-microRNA signature predicts the progression of male thyroid cancer. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:981-991. [PMID: 34595349 PMCID: PMC8439266 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In various cancers, microRNAs (miRNAs) are abnormally expressed, including thyroid cancer (TC). In recent years, the incidence of TC has increased annually around the world. Compared with female patients, male TC patients are more likely to have a postoperative recurrence and lymph node metastasis, and hence need second treatments. However, the molecular biological processes underlying this phenomenon are not understood. Therefore, we collected data on miRNA expression and clinical information of male TC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between male TC tissues and matched normal tissues. The Kaplan–Meier method, univariate and multivariate Cox regressions, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to assess the association between miRNAs and the disease-free survival of male TC patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) enrichment analyses were then used to explore the function of miRNA target genes. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of the miRNA biomarker to predict survival in female TC patients. As a result, a total of 118 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, including 25 upregulated and 93 downregulated miRNAs. Among them, miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p were confirmed to be independent prognostic factors for the disease-free survival rate. The target genes of miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p were identified, and functional analysis showed that these genes were enriched in 25 Go and KEGG accessions, including cell signal transduction, motor adhesion, phagocytosis, regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, etc. Neither miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p, nor a prediction model based on both miRNAs effectively predicted survival in female TC patients. In conclusion, both miR-451a and miR-16-1-3p may play important roles in the processes of male TC. The two-miRNA signature involving miR-1258 and miR-193a may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for male TC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weigang Qiu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinquan Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiong Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, People's Republic of China
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Pilleron S, Maringe C, Charvat H, Atkinson J, Morris EJA, Sarfati D. The impact of timely cancer diagnosis on age disparities in colon cancer survival. J Geriatr Oncol 2021; 12:1044-1051. [PMID: 33863698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We described the role of patient-related and clinical factors on age disparities in colon cancer survival among patients aged 50-99 using New Zealand population-based cancer registry data linked to hospitalisation data. METHOD We included 21,270 new colon cancer cases diagnosed between 1 January 2006 and 31 July 2017, followed up to end 2019. We modelled the effect of age at diagnosis, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, comorbidity, and emergency presentation on colon cancer survival by stage at diagnosis using flexible excess hazard regression models. RESULTS The excess mortality in older patients was minimal for localised cancers, maximal during the first six months for regional cancers, the first eighteen months for distant cancers, and over the three years for missing stages. The age pattern of the excess mortality hazard varied according to sex for distant cancers, emergency presentation for regional and distant cancers, and comorbidity for cancer with missing stages. Ethnicity and deprivation did not influence age disparities in colon cancer survival. CONCLUSION Factors reflecting timeliness of cancer diagnosis most affected age-related disparities in colon cancer survival, probably by impacting treatment strategy. Because of the high risk of poor outcomes related to treatment in older patients, efforts made to improve earlier diagnosis in older patients are likely to help reduce age disparities in colon cancer survival in New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Pilleron
- Dept of Public Health, School of medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Big Data Institute, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Camille Maringe
- Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Hadrien Charvat
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan; Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - June Atkinson
- Dept of Public Health, School of medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Eva J A Morris
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Big Data Institute, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Diana Sarfati
- Dept of Public Health, School of medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Sultan I, Amarin JZ, Mansour R, Sultan H, Al-Hussaini M. Sex Differences in Cancer-Specific Survival Are Pronounced during Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A SEER Population-Based Study. EPIDEMIOLGIA (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 2:391-401. [PMID: 36417233 PMCID: PMC9620934 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in cancer survival may be related to hormonal changes during puberty and menopause; therefore, we investigated sex differences in the cancer-specific survival rates of children, adolescents and young adults (AYAs), and older adults with sex-nonspecific cancers. We interrogated the November 2019 submission of the SEER 18 database and included microscopically confirmed cases of first primary malignant tumors. We stratified the dataset into children (<15 years), AYAs (modified; 15-49 years), and older adults (≥50 years). For each age group, we used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the sex-stratified 5-year all-site cancer-specific survival probabilities. Of 3,386,276 eligible patients, 45,124 (1.3%) were children, 548,158 (16.2%) were AYAs, and 2,792,994 (82.5%) were older adults. The 5-year all-site cancer-specific survival probabilities were 84.0% (95% CI, 83.5%-84.5%) for boys, 84.8% (95% CI, 84.3%-85.3%) for girls, 70.4% (95% CI, 70.2%-70.6%) for male AYAs, 80.8% (95% CI, 80.6%-81.0%) for female AYAs, 52.0% (95% CI, 51.9%-52.1%) for older adult men, and 52.2% (95% CI, 52.1%-52.3%) for older adult women. The all-site survival rate for female patients with cancer is markedly higher than for male patients with cancer during adolescence and young adulthood, although this difference diminishes in older adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyad Sultan
- Department of Pediatrics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan;
| | - Justin Z. Amarin
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; (J.Z.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Razan Mansour
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; (J.Z.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Hala Sultan
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
- Correspondence:
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Depletion of skeletal muscle mass adversely affects long-term outcomes for men undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256365. [PMID: 34411190 PMCID: PMC8375973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although low skeletal muscle mass has an adverse impact on the treatment outcomes of cancer patients, whether the relationship between preoperative skeletal muscle mass and gastrectomy outcomes in gastric cancer (GC) differs between men and women is unclear. The study aimed to clarify this relationship based on gender. Methods Between January 2007 and December 2015, 1054 patients who underwent gastrectomy for GC at Osaka City General Hospital were enrolled in this study. We evaluated sarcopenia by the skeletal muscle index (SMI), which was measured by computed tomography (CT) using areas of muscle in the third lumbar vertebral body (L3). Male and female patients were each divided into two groups (low skeletal muscle and high skeletal muscle). Results The SMI emerged as an independent predictor of 5-year overall survival (OS) in male GC patients (Hazard ratio 2.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73–3.63, p < 0.001) based on multivariate analysis. However, this index was not an independent predictive determinant of 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS). The SMI was not an independent predictor of either OS or CSS in female GC patients. The incidence of leakage and major complication (Clavien Dindo grade ≧ 3) did not differ significantly across groups. Conclusions Preoperative skeletal muscle mass is a valuable prognostic predictor of OS in male GC patients.
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Park J, Kim K, Lim DJ, Bae JS, Kim JS. Male sex is not an independent risk factor for recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer: a propensity score-matching study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14908. [PMID: 34290341 PMCID: PMC8295365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Male patients have a significantly higher prevalence of advanced-stage thyroid cancer. However, sex differences in the risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) recurrence have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate male sex as a prognostic factor for DTC. We assessed 5566 patients with DTC who underwent thyroid surgery between January 2009 and December 2015 at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital (Seoul, Korea). Clinicopathological characteristics and long-term oncologic outcomes between female and male patients with DTC were compared using propensity score matching to reduce selection bias. The mean follow-up duration was 99.9 ± 18.7 months. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in male patients than female patients before matching (3.3% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.030), and there was no significant difference in recurrence rates between the matched groups after matching (3.0% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.591). Based on Kaplan–Meier analysis, the two groups did not significantly differ in disease-free survival after matching. Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex was not an independent prognostic factor of DTC recurrence. Male sex did not have a significant effect on DTC recurrence. Further studies with larger cohorts are required to validate the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonseon Park
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Jun Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Seong Bae
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Soo Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bugge C, Brustugun OT, Sæther EM, Kristiansen IS. Phase- and gender-specific, lifetime, and future costs of cancer: A retrospective population-based registry study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26523. [PMID: 34190187 PMCID: PMC8257845 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Valid estimates of cancer treatment costs are import for priority setting, but few studies have examined costs of multiple cancers in the same setting.We performed a retrospective population-based registry study to evaluate phase-specific (initial, continuing, and terminal phase) direct medical costs and lifetime costs for 13 cancers and all cancers combined in Norway. Mean monthly cancer attributable costs were estimated using nationwide activity data from all Norwegian hospitals. Mean lifetime costs were estimated by combining phase-specific monthly costs and survival times from the national cancer registry. Scenarios for future costs were developed from the lifetime costs and the expected number of new cancer cases toward 2034 estimated by NORDCAN.For all cancers combined, mean discounted per patient direct medical costs were Euros (EUR) 21,808 in the initial 12 months, EUR 4347 in the subsequent continuing phase, and EUR 12,085 in the terminal phase (last 12 months). Lifetime costs were higher for cancers with a 5-year relative survival between 50% and 70% (myeloma: EUR 89,686, mouth/pharynx: EUR 66,619, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: EUR 65,528). The scenario analyses indicate that future cancer costs are highly dependent on future cancer incidence, changes in death risk, and cancer-specific unit costs.Gender- and cancer-specific estimates of treatment costs are important for assessing equity of care and to better understand resource consumption associated with different cancers.Cancers with an intermediate prognosis (50%-70% 5-year relative survival) are associated with higher direct medical costs than those with relatively good or poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Bugge
- Department of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo
- Oslo Economics, Oslo
| | - Odd Terje Brustugun
- Section of Oncology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | | | - Ivar Sønbø Kristiansen
- Department of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo
- Oslo Economics, Oslo
- Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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[Oral and pharyngeal cancer: incidence, mortality, and survival in Germany]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:941-950. [PMID: 34212206 PMCID: PMC8316202 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Die Gruppe der Lippen‑, Mundhöhlen- und Pharynxkarzinome (ICD-10: C00–C14) beschreibt eine heterogene Gruppe bösartiger Tumoren, deren Inzidenz, Mortalität und Überleben sich nach Entität stark unterscheiden. Ziel der Arbeit Diese Arbeit gibt eine detaillierte Übersicht epidemiologischer Maßzahlen für diese Tumorentitäten unter Berücksichtigung der Heterogenität bezüglich Alter, Geschlecht, Lokalisation und Stadium. Material und Methoden Inzidenz- und Mortalitätsdaten für Deutschland für die Jahre 1999–2016 wurden aus der interaktiven Datenbank des Zentrums für Krebsregisterdaten (ZfKD) extrahiert. Alters- und Stadienverteilungen und altersstandardisiertes relatives 5‑Jahres-Überleben wurden auf dem gepoolten ZfKD-Datensatz (Diagnosejahre 1999–2017) berechnet. Ergebnisse Im Jahr 2016 lagen die Inzidenz und Mortalität für alle Entitäten insgesamt bei 17,6 bzw. 7,0 pro 100.000 Männern und 6,5 bzw. 1,8 pro 100.000 Frauen. Das relative 5‑Jahres-Überleben für 2015–2017 lag bei 53 % bzw. 63 %. Es zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede in der Überlebensrate und in der Alters- und Stadienverteilung zwischen den Entitäten. Im zeitlichen Verlauf zeigte sich ein Anstieg des Alters bei Diagnose, insbesondere bei Männern, aber keine Veränderung in der Stadienverteilung. Trotzdem stieg das relative 5‑Jahres-Überleben zwischen 1999–2002 und 2013–2017 von 45 % (Männer) bzw. 59 % (Frauen) auf 52 % bzw. 63 %. Diskussion Die starke Heterogenität der untersuchten Tumoren verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit einer nach Geschlechtern und Lokalisationen getrennten Betrachtung für eine aussagekräftige Interpretation der epidemiologischen Kennzahlen. Mit Ausbau der klinischen Krebsregistrierung werden in Zukunft zusätzliche Analysen unter Einbezug weiterer wichtiger klinischer Faktoren möglich sein. Zusatzmaterial online Zusätzliche Informationen sind in der Online-Version dieses Artikels (10.1007/s00103-021-03368-z) enthalten.
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Li C, Yang J, Zheng S, Xu F, Han D, Bai L, Wei YL, Wang S, Lyu J. Establishment and Validation of a Nomogram for Tonsil Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study Based on the SEER Database. Cancer Control 2021; 27:1073274820960481. [PMID: 32951460 PMCID: PMC7791473 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820960481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish and validate a comprehensive nomogram for
predicting the cause-specific survival (CSS) probability in tonsillar squamous
cell carcinoma (TSCC). We screened and extracted data from the SEER
(Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) database for the period 2004 to
2016. We randomly divided the 7243 identified patients into a training cohort
(70%) for constructing the model and a validation cohort (30%) for evaluating
the model using R software. Multivariate Cox stepwise regression was used to
select predictive variables. The concordance index (C-index), the area under the
time-dependent receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), the net
reclassification improvement (NRI), the integrated discrimination improvement
(IDI), calibration plotting, and decision-curve analysis (DCA) were used to
evaluate the model. The multivariate Cox stepwise regression analysis
successfully established a nomogram for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS probabilities
for TSCC patients. The C-index, AUC, NRI, and IDI were all showed that the model
has good discrimination. The calibration plots were very close to the standard
lines, indicating that the model has a good degree of calibration, and the DCA
curve further illustrated that the model has good clinical validity. We have
established the first nomogram for predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS
probabilities for TSCC based on a large retrospective sample. Our rigorous
validation and evaluation indicated that the model can provide useful guidance
to clinical workers making clinical decisions about individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhuo Li
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengshuo Xu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Didi Han
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Bai
- Clinical Research Center, 12480The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Long Wei
- Xi'an an Information Technique Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Sachs E, Sartipy U, Jackson V. Sex and Survival After Surgery for Lung Cancer: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort. Chest 2021; 159:2029-2039. [PMID: 33217414 PMCID: PMC8129733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior reports on a possible female survival advantage in both surgical and nonsurgical cohorts of patients with lung cancer are conflicting. Previously reported differences in survival after lung cancer surgery could be the result of insufficient control for disparities in risk factor profiles in men and women. RESEARCH QUESTION Do women who undergo pulmonary resections for lung cancer have a better prognosis than men when taking a wide range of prognostic factors into account? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a nationwide population-based observational cohort study analyzing sex-specific survival after pulmonary resections for lung cancer. We identified 6356 patients from the Swedish National Quality Register for General Thoracic Surgery and performed individual-level record linkage to other national health-data registers to acquire detailed information regarding comorbidity, socioeconomic status, and vital status. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to account for differences in baseline characteristics. The association between female sex and all-cause mortality was assessed with Cox regression models, and flexible parametric survival models were used to estimate the absolute survival differences with 95% CIs. We also estimated the difference in restricted mean survival time. RESULTS We observed a lower risk of death in women compared with men (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.67-0.79). The absolute survival difference at 1, 5, and 10 years was 3.0% (95% CI, 2.2%-3.8%), 10% (95% CI, 7.0%-12%), and 12% (95% CI, 8.5%-15%), respectively. The restricted mean survival time difference at 10 years was 0.84 year (95% CI, 0.61-1.07 years). The findings were consistent across several subgroups. INTERPRETATION Women who underwent pulmonary resections for lung cancer had a significantly better prognosis than men. The survival advantage was evident regardless of age, common comorbidities, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, physical performance, type and extent of surgery, tumor characteristics, and stage of disease. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03567538; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Sachs
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Sartipy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronica Jackson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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