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Hussain MS, Moglad E, Afzal M, Gupta G, Hassan Almalki W, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Gupta S, Kumar D, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Dua K. Non-coding RNA mediated regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155303. [PMID: 38728793 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the primary reasons for fatalities caused by cancer globally, highlighting the need for comprehensive knowledge of its molecular aetiology to develop successful treatment approaches. The PI3K/Akt system is essential in the course of HCC, rendering it an intriguing candidate for treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are important mediators of the PI3K/Akt network in HCC. The article delves into the complex regulatory functions of ncRNAs in influencing the PI3K/Akt system in HCC. The study explores how lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs impact the expression as well as the function of the PI3K/Akt network, either supporting or preventing HCC growth. Additionally, treatment strategies focusing on ncRNAs in HCC are examined, such as antisense oligonucleotide-based methods, RNA interference, and small molecule inhibitor technologies. Emphasizing the necessity of ensuring safety and effectiveness in clinical settings, limitations, and future approaches in using ncRNAs as therapies for HCC are underlined. The present study offers useful insights into the complex regulation system of ncRNAs and the PI3K/Akt cascade in HCC, suggesting possible opportunities for developing innovative treatment approaches to address this lethal tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Khandwa Road, Village Umrikheda, Near Toll Booth, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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Jia X, He X, Huang C, Li J, Dong Z, Liu K. Protein translation: biological processes and therapeutic strategies for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:44. [PMID: 38388452 PMCID: PMC10884018 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein translation is a tightly regulated cellular process that is essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. The deregulation of this process is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. In this review, we discuss how deregulated translation can lead to aberrant protein synthesis, altered cellular functions, and disease progression. We explore the key mechanisms contributing to the deregulation of protein translation, including functional alterations in translation factors, tRNA, mRNA, and ribosome function. Deregulated translation leads to abnormal protein expression, disrupted cellular signaling, and perturbed cellular functions- all of which contribute to disease pathogenesis. The development of ribosome profiling techniques along with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, mRNA sequencing and single-cell approaches have opened new avenues for detecting diseases related to translation errors. Importantly, we highlight recent advances in therapies targeting translation-related disorders and their potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the growing interest lies in targeted therapies aimed at restoring precise control over translation in diseased cells is discussed. In conclusion, this comprehensive review underscores the critical role of protein translation in disease and its potential as a therapeutic target. Advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of protein translation deregulation, coupled with the development of targeted therapies, offer promising avenues for improving disease outcomes in various human diseases. Additionally, it will unlock doors to the possibility of precision medicine by offering personalized therapies and a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Jia
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Chuntian Huang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Jian Li
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Research Center for Basic Medicine Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Research Center for Basic Medicine Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
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Ren J, Yan J, Raza F, Zafar H, Wan H, Chen X, Cui Q, Li H, Wang X. A Synergistic Combination of Oleanolic Acid and Apatinib to Enhance Antitumor Effect on Liver Cancer Cells and Protect against Hepatic Injury. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2024; 19:199-208. [PMID: 38214359 DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230417093208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a pentacyclic triterpenoid, OA (oleanolic acid) has exhibited antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumor effects. VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial cells receptor-2) tyrosine kinase activity could be inhibited by apatinib, a small-molecule antiangiogenic agent. OBJECTIVE Thus, this study sought to investigate the mechanism underlying the synergistic antitumor activity of combined OA and apatinib patent. METHODS Through CCK8 (Cell counting kit 8 assay), flow cytometric and western blotting techniques, we conducted in vitro studies on apatinib and OA effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in H22 cell line. H22 tumor-burdened mice model was established in vivo, while the related signaling pathways were studied via pathological examination, western blotting and qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS Growth of H22 cells in vitro and in vivo could be inhibited effectively by apatinib and OA. Thus, OA repaired liver function and inhibited oxidative stress induced by apatinib. CONCLUSION OA can treat apatinib induced liver injury in H22 Tumor-burdened mice by enhancing the suppresssive effect of apatinib on the growth of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ren
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Oncology Department, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hajra Zafar
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Haopeng Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Qingrong Cui
- Department of Respiration, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Xiangqi Wang
- Department of oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
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Song J, Ge Y, Dong M, Guan Q, Ju M, Song X, Han J, Zhao L. Molecular interplay between EIF4 family and circular RNAs in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutics. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175867. [PMID: 37369297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 (EIF4) family is a major contributor to the recruitment of mRNAs to ribosomes during the initial translation stage in eukaryotes, whose dysregulation either allows for cancer transformation or prevents disordered cancerous cell growth. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which exhibit distinctive structures and are widely expressed in eukaryotes, are anticipated to be a clinical diagnostic biomarker for cancer therapy. There is considerable evidence that EIF4s can influence the biogenesis, transport, and function of circRNAs and, in turn, circRNAs can control the expressions of EIF4s through certain molecular pathways. Herein, we primarily review the emerging studies of the EIF4 family and pinpoint the roles of dysregulated EIF4s in cancer. We also evaluate the patterns of intricate interactions between circRNAs and EIF4s and discuss the potential utility of circRNA-based therapeutics targeting EIF4s in clinical cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Yuexin Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Mingyan Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Qiutong Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Mingyi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Xueyi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China.
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
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Zhang C, Xia J, Zhang S, Li J, Zhou T, Hu K. Expression pattern, tumor immune landscape, and prognostic value of N7‑methylguanosine regulators in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:169. [PMID: 36960192 PMCID: PMC10028492 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
N7-Methylguanosine (m7G) modification is important in post-transcriptional regulation. dysregulation of m7G RNA modification has been reported to be markedly associated with cancer. However, its importance in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) remains poorly characterized. The present study systematically analyzed mRNA gene expression data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas and further constructed robust risk signatures for the four regulators of m7G RNA modification (nudix hydrolase 11, gem nuclear organelle-associated protein 5, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D and cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 1). The differential expression and cell function of m7G-related genes in bladder cancer cells were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. The four-gene-based model could accurately predict the prognosis of BLCA. Nomogram-based clinical decisions had a higher net benefit compared with that of individual predictors. Through immune infiltration analysis, it was found that immune cell infiltration affected the prognosis of patients with BLCA. Finally, the present study identified potential therapeutics that differ between high and low-risk groups based on four genes. In summary, the current findings revealed an essential role for m7G RNA modification regulators in BLCA, and developed risk signatures as promising prognostic markers in patients with BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Jiangnan Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410021, P.R. China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Kaiwen Hu
- Department of Oncology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Kaiwen Hu, Department of Oncology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 6 Fangxingyuan, Fengtai, Beijing 100078, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Lu S, Liu Y, Tian S, He Y, Dong W. KIFC3 regulates progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via EMT and the AKT/mTOR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2023; 426:113564. [PMID: 36948354 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite an overall downward trend in cancer mortality, HCC-related mortality continues to increase. KIFC3 is involved in cell division and cancers. However, the role of KIFC3 in HCC has yet to be elucidated. METHODS A total of 36 cases of HCC tissues, 4 HCC cell lines, and TCGA databases were searched to explore the expression of KIFC3 in HCC. Subsequently, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, bioinformatic analysis, molecular docking, and Co-IP were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of KIFC3 in HCC. RESULT We found that the expression of KIFC3 was upregulated in HCC, and high KIFC3 expression was related to poor overall survival. In addition, the knockdown of KIFC3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells in vitro, and impeded the growth of HCC in vivo, while overexpression of KIFC3 in HCC cells revealed the opposite effect. Mechanistically, KIFC3 promotes the progression of HCC through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling. And KIFC3 had slight effect on the protein expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR in TRIP13-ablated or LY294002-treated HCC cells. The KIFC3 knockdown could further enhance the inhibitory effect of LY294002. CONCLUSION Our data revealed that KIFC3 is upregulated in HCC and may serve as a novel biomarker for predicting survival in HCC patients. Targeting KIFC3 may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Scagliola A, Miluzio A, Biffo S. Translational Control of Metabolism and Cell Cycle Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36902316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a metabolic hub characterized by high levels of protein synthesis. Eukaryotic initiation factors, eIFs, control the first phase of translation, initiation. Initiation factors are essential for tumor progression and, since they regulate the translation of specific mRNAs downstream of oncogenic signaling cascades, may be druggable. In this review, we address the issue of whether the massive translational machinery of liver cells contributes to liver pathology and to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); it represents a valuable biomarker and druggable target. First, we observe that the common markers of HCC cells, such as phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6, belong to the ribosomal and translational apparatus. This fact is in agreement with observations that demonstrate a huge amplification of the ribosomal machinery during the progression to HCC. Some translation factors, such as eIF4E and eIF6, are then harnessed by oncogenic signaling. In particular, the action of eIF4E and eIF6 is particularly important in HCC when driven by fatty liver pathologies. Indeed, both eIF4E and eIF6 amplify at the translational level the production and accumulation of fatty acids. As it is evident that abnormal levels of these factors drive cancer, we discuss their therapeutic value.
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Ma S, Liu JY, Zhang JT. eIF3d: a driver of non-canonical cap-dependent translation of specific mRNAs and a trigger of biological/pathological processes. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104658. [PMID: 36997088 PMCID: PMC10165153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
eIF3d, a known RNA binding subunit of the eIF3 complex, is a 66-68-kDa protein with an RNA-binding motif and a cap-binding domain. Compared with other eIF3 subunits, eIF3d is relatively understudied. However, recent progress in studying eIF3d has revealed a number of intriguing findings on its role in maintaining eIF3 complex integrity, global protein synthesis, and in biological and pathological processes. It has also been reported that eIF3d has non-canonical functions in regulating translation of a subset of mRNAs by binding to 5'-UTRs or interacting with other proteins independent of the eIF3 complex and additional functions in regulating protein stability. The non-canonical regulation of mRNA translation or protein stability may contribute to the role of eIF3d in biological processes such as metabolic stress adaptation and in disease onset and progression including SARS-CoV-2 infection, tumorigenesis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In this review, we critically evaluate the recent studies on these aspects of eIF3d and assess prospects in understanding the function of eIF3d in regulating protein synthesis, and in biological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Ma
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Jing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
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Tian LY, Smit DJ, Jücker M. The Role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Metabolic reprogramming is considered a new hallmark of cancer, but it remains unclearly described in HCC. The dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is common in HCC and is, therefore, a topic of further research and the concern of developing a novel target for liver cancer therapy. In this review, we illustrate mechanisms by which this signaling network is accountable for regulating HCC cellular metabolism, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and oxidative metabolism, and summarize the ongoing clinical trials based on the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in HCC.
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Meng W, Xiao H, Mei P, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhao R, Liao Y. Critical Roles of METTL3 in Translation Regulation of Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020243. [PMID: 36830614 PMCID: PMC9953158 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant translation, a characteristic feature of cancer, is regulated by the complex and sophisticated RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in the canonical translation machinery. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications are the most abundant internal modifications in mRNAs mediated by methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). METTL3 is commonly aberrantly expressed in different tumors and affects the mRNA translation of many oncogenes or dysregulated tumor suppressor genes in a variety of ways. In this review, we discuss the critical roles of METTL3 in translation regulation and how METTL3 and m6A reader proteins in collaboration with RBPs within the canonical translation machinery promote aberrant translation in tumorigenesis, providing an overview of recent efforts aiming to 'translate' these results to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peiyuan Mei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiaping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yangwei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongde Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence:
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Guo M, Zhuang H, Huang J, Shao X, Bai N, Li M, Niu M, Wei W, Sun L, Li Y, Qiang Z. LINC02870 facilitates SNAIL translation to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Mol Cell Biochem 2022. [PMID: 36583796 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exploring the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and metastasis could contribute to the recognition of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets. LINC02870 is a novel lncRNA, whose role in tumors has not been reported. Herein, we focused on the function and mechanism of LINC02870 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We first carried out a pan-cancer study of LINC02870 expression and its relationship to prognosis, and LINC02870 was determined to be a possible oncogene in HCC. Upregulated expressions of LINC02870 were also found in our HCC samples compared to the para-tumor samples. Moreover, overexpression of LINC02870 promoted the growth, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Subsequently, binding proteins of LINC02870 were identified by a number of in silico analyses, including correlation analysis, signaling network analysis, and survival analysis. Intriguingly, the most promising binding protein of LINC02870 was predicted and confirmed to be eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 (EIF4G1), an important component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex that initiates cap-dependent translation. Further investigation showed that LINC02870 increased the translation of SNAIL to induce malignant phenotypes in HCC cells. Additionally, HCC patients with higher expression levels of LINC02870 and EIF4G1 had shorter survival times than those with lower expression levels. Thus, our findings suggested that LINC02870 induced SNAIL translation and correlated with poor prognosis and tumor progression in HCC.
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Hsu CM, Lin JJ, Su JH, Liu CI. 13-Acetoxysarcocrassolide induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through mitochondrial dysfunction and suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signalling pathway. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:2276-2285. [PMID: 36416062 PMCID: PMC9704080 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2145489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT 13-Acetoxysarcocrasside, isolated from the Taiwanese soft coral Sarcophyton crassocaule Moser (Alcyoniidae), has biological activity and induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanisms underlying apoptosis induced by 13-acetoxysarcocrasside in HA22T and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS MTT and morphology assays were employed to assess the anti-proliferative effects of 13-acetoxysarcocrasside (1-5 μM). TUNEL/DAPI staining and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining were used to detect apoptosis. Cells were treated with13-acetoxysarcocrassolide (0, 1, 2, and 4 μM) for 24 h, and the mechanism of cells apoptotic was detected by western blotting. Cells treated with DMSO were the control. RESULTS Survival of the cells decreased with the addition of 13-acetoxysarcocrassolide, and at 4 μM cell survival was inhibited by approximately 40%. After treatment of cells with 13-acetoxysarcocrassolide, the incidence of early/late apoptosis to be 0.3%/0.5%∼5.4%/22.7% for HA22T cells, in the HePG2 cells were 0.6%/0.2%∼14.4%/23.7%. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of Bax, Bad, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, cleaved-PARP-1, cytochrome c, and p-4EBP1 increased with an increasing concentration of 13-acetoxysarcocrasside (0, 1, 2, and 4 μM), whereas that of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, p-Bad, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-70S6K, p-S6, p-eIF4E, and p-eIF4B decreased. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Apoptosis induced by 13-acetoxysarcocrassolide in HA22T and HepG2 cells is mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and inactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway. The potential of 13-acetoxysarcocrassolide as a chemotherapeutic agent should be further assessed for use in human hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Min Hsu
- Antai Medical Care Corporation, Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jie Lin
- Department of Research & Development, Yu Jun Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- Department of Science Education, National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Liu
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
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13
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Geng H, Feng C, Sun Z, Fan X, Xie Y, Gu J, Fan L, Liu G, Li C, Thorne RF, Zhang XD, Li X, Liu X. Chloride intracellular channel 1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma proliferation via mTOR signalling. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101560. [PMID: 36252281 PMCID: PMC9579717 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical significance of Chloride Intracellular Channel 1 (CLIC1) expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its functional contribution and molecular mechanisms to the progression of ESCC. METHODS CLIC1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a cohort of 86 ESCC tissue specimens and paired normal adjacent esophageal tissues. Associations between clinicopathological features of ESCC and CLIC1 expression were determined. In vitro analyses examined CLIC1 expression in the ESCC cell lines KYSE150 and TE1 using RT-PCR and Western blotting. The downstream pathways of CLIC1 were detected by lentiviral shRNA knockdown and subsequent proteomic analyses. CLIC1 siRNA knockdown was performed in ESCC cell lines KYSE150 and TE1 and the functional effects of CLIC1 on the growth and proliferation of ESCC cells were evaluated combined with cell viability and colony formation assays; the mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting based on the previous proteomic data. RESULTS CLIC1 expression was significantly increased in ex vivo ESCC tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues, and the up-regulation was associated with clinical tumor node metastasis (TNM) classifications. Knockdown of CLIC1 inhibited in vitro cell proliferation of ESCC cell lines KYSE150 and TE1. CLIC1 knockdown down-regulated the protein expression of p-mTOR and the downstream targets Rictor and p-4EBP1 in both KYSE150 and TE1 cell lines. And the CLIC1 knockdown induced inhibition of cell proliferation on ESCC cells could be rescued by mTOR overexpression. CONCLUSIONS CLIC1 expression increases during esophageal carcinogenesis and it may functionally contribute to the progression of ESCC through growth promotion effects by promoting the mTOR and downstream signaling pathway. CLIC1 therefore constitutes a candidate molecular biomarker of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwu Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhangran Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xu Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yiqing Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jinghua Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Libin Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rick F. Thorne
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA and Metabolism in Cancer, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Long Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Metabolism, Translational Research Institute of Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan 450053, China,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA and Metabolism in Cancer, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Long Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Metabolism, Translational Research Institute of Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan 450053, China,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China,Corresponding author at: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA and Metabolism in Cancer, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Long Non-Coding RNA and Cancer Metabolism, Translational Research Institute of Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan 450053, China,Corresponding author at: School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Research Institute of Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan 450053, China.
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Fu L, Wang Z, Jiang F, Wei G, Sun L, Guo C, Wu J, Zhu J, Granito A. High Expression of EIF4G2 Mediated by the TUG1/Hsa-miR-26a-5p Axis Is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Gastric Cancer. Journal of Oncology 2022; 2022:1-25. [PMID: 36157241 PMCID: PMC9507702 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9342283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2 (EIF4G2) is involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the effect of EIF4G2 in gastric cancer (GC) has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to explore the function and mechanism of EIF4G2 in GC. Methods The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0 database was used to analyze EIF4G2 expression in various cancers and the relationship between EIF4G2 expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis was utilized to assess the EIF4G2 expression level and its effect on survival in GC. UALCAN was conducted to analyze EIF4G2 expression in various subgroups of GC. The Kaplan–Meier plotter was employed for survival analysis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic role of EIF4G2 in GC. LinkedOmics was used to identify the co-expressed genes and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. The Tumor-Immune System Interaction database was employed to analyze the correlation between EIF4G2 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The starBase web platform was used to predict the upstream microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs. Results EIF4G2 expression was upregulated in GC tissues compared to normal controls. High expression of EIF4G2 indicated poor prognosis in GC. ROC analysis revealed that EIF4G2 had good diagnostic ability to distinguish GC from normal tissues. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that EIF4G2 expression may be involved in the modulation of tumor immune infiltration in GC. Finally, we determined that the Taurine Upregulated 1 (TUG1)/hsa-miR-26a-5p/EIF4G2 axis was the most likely regulatory pathway involved in GC development. Conclusions EIF4G2 was upregulated in GC and elevated expression of EIF4G2 indicated unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, EIF4G2 expression may be involved in the regulation of tumor immune cell infiltration. The TUG1/hsa-miR-26a-5p axis is a likely upstream regulatory mechanism of EIF4G2 in GC. EIF4G2 may thus serve as a prognosis biomarker and present a new therapeutic target.
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Scagliola A, Miluzio A, Mori G, Ricciardi S, Oliveto S, Manfrini N, Biffo S. Inhibition of eIF6 Activity Reduces Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147720. [PMID: 35887068 PMCID: PMC9319760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of lipids in the liver. Given the high prevalence of NAFLD, its evolution to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of global concern. Therapies for managing NASH-driven HCC can benefit from targeting factors that play a continuous role in NAFLD evolution to HCC. Recent work has shown that postprandial liver translation exacerbates lipid accumulation through the activity of a translation factor, eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (eIF6). Here, we test the effect of eIF6 inhibition on the progression of HCC. Mice heterozygous for eIF6 express half the level of eIF6 compared to wt mice and are resistant to the formation of HCC nodules upon exposure to a high fat/high sugar diet combined with liver damage. Histology showed that nodules in eIF6 het mice were smaller with reduced proliferation compared to wt nodules. By using an in vitro model of human HCC, we confirm that eIF6 depletion reduces the growth of HCC spheroids. We also tested three pharmacological inhibitors of eIF6 activity—eIFsixty-1, eIFsixty-4, and eIFsixty-6—and all three reduced eIF6 binding to 60S ribosomes and limited the growth of HCC spheroids. Thus, inhibition of eIF6 activity is feasible and limits HCC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Scagliola
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
| | - Giada Mori
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
| | - Sara Ricciardi
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Oliveto
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Manfrini
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Via Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (S.R.); (S.O.); (N.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Che L, Du ZB, Wang WH, Wu JS, Han T, Chen YY, Han PY, Lei Z, Chen XX, He Y, Xu L, Lin X, Lin ZN, Lin YC. Intracellular antibody targeting HBx suppresses invasion and metastasis in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocarcinogenesis via protein phosphatase 2A-B56γ-mediated dephosphorylation of protein kinase B. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13304. [PMID: 35811356 PMCID: PMC9628248 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) is closely associated with HBV‐related hepatocarcinogenesis via the inactivation of tumour suppressors. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit B56 gamma (B56γ), as a tumour suppressor, plays a critical role in regulating cellular phosphorylation signals via dephosphorylation of signalling proteins. However, the underlying mechanism that B56γ involved in regulating HBx‐associated hepatocarcinogenesis phenotypes and mediating anti‐HBx antibody‐mediated tumour suppression remains unknown. Materials and Methods We used bioinformatics analysis, paired HCC patient specimens, HBx transgenic (HBx‐Tg) mice, xenograft nude mice, HBV stable replication in the HepG2.2.15 cells, and anti‐HBx antibody intervention to systematically evaluate the biological function of protein kinase B (AKT) dephosphorylation through B56γ in HBx‐associated hepatocarcinogenesis. Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed that AKT, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and MMP9 were markedly upregulated, while cell migration and viral carcinogenesis pathways were activated in HBV‐infected liver tissues and HBV‐associated HCC tissues. Our results demonstrated that HBx‐expression promotes AKT phosphorylation (p‐AKTThr308/Ser473), mediating the migration and invasion phenotypes in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, in clinical samples, HBx and B56γ were downregulated in HBV‐associated HCC tumour tissues compared with peritumor tissues. Moreover, intervention with site‐directed mutagenesis (AKTT308A, AKTS473A) of p‐AKTThr308/Ser473 mimics dephosphorylation, genetics‐based B56γ overexpression, and intracellular anti‐HBx antibody inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion in HBx‐expressing HCC cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that B56γ inhibited HBV/HBx‐dependent hepatocarcinogenesis by regulating the dephosphorylation of p‐AKTThr308/Ser473 in HCC cells. The intracellular anti‐HBx antibody and the activator of B56γ may provide a multipattern chemopreventive strategy against HBV‐related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ze-Bang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jia-Shen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun He
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Zhang LL, Chang W, He SB, Zhang B, Ma G, Shang PF, Yue ZJ. High expression of eIF4A1 predicts unfavorable prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 65:101845. [PMID: 35820642 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a worldwide malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. Translation initiation factor 4A1 (eIF4A1), which is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase as a part of eIF4F complex, has been linked to malignant transformation and progression, and a variety of cancers display dysregulation of this enzyme. However, its role in ccRCC remains unclear. In our study, we examined its potential effects in ccRCC. METHODS Based on Proteomic data, TCGA and ONCOMINE database, RCC cell lines and tissues, the expression of eIF4A1 between ccRCC and normal tissues were investigated. A correlation was evaluated between the prognostic model for OS and ccRCC progression. Analysis of functional enrichment and PPI network were performed. After examining differentially expressed genes between the eIF4A1 high and low-expression groups, we performed GSEA analysis. Furthermore, we investigated immune cell infiltration of eIF4A1. Then we determined eIF4A1 functions in the establishment and maintenance of cell viability, migration and invasion of cell lines. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect cell cycle. RESULTS The eIF4A1 was up-regulated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. An increased level of eIF4A1 was linked to lower survival rates and impaired immunity. Depletion of eIF4A1 could arrest tumor cells in G1 phase, so as to seriously limit cell proliferation and weaken the capacity of cell migration. CONCLUSION ccRCC patients with high eIF4A1 expression are at increased risk of poor prognosis, furthermore eIF4A1 plays a prominent role in facilitating tumor cell proliferation and migration which may further be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Wei Chang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Shen-Bao He
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Gui Ma
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Pan-Feng Shang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhong-Jin Yue
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cui Ying Gate, Cheng guan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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Lv B, Liu X, Zhu X, Huang M. miR-382-5p promotes cell invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PTEN to activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:175. [PMID: 35655254 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed at investigating miR-382-5p expression in tissues and cell lines with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its effects on the invasion of HCC cells, and related mechanisms. Methods miR-382-5p expression in HCC tissues, adjacent tissues, cell lines of normal hepatic cells, and HCC cells were detected by qRT-PCR, indicating its upregulation or downregulation in HCC cell lines (Hep3B and HCCLM3). The effect of miR-382-5p on cell invasion was observed by the Transwell experiment. The targeting relationship of miR-382-5p and the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was analyzed using bioinformatics tools and the luciferase reporter gene assay. The correlation between miR-382-5p and PTEN was analyzed with Spearman correlation analysis. PTEN expression was observed after upregulation and downregulation of miR-382-5p expression. The effect of miR-382-5p on the expression of key proteins in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was determined by Western blot. Results miR-382-5p expression was upregulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines (both P<0.05). Upregulation or downregulation of miR-382-5p significantly promoted or inhibited the invasion of cell lines, Hep3B, and HCCLM3. The luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that PTEN is a target of miR-382-5p. The expressions of miR-382-5p and PTEN were negatively correlated (r=−0.742, P<0.001). Upregulation of PTEN expression by plasmid transfection can reverse the invasive effect of miR-382-5p on HCC cells. Upregulation of miR-382-5p can activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and downregulation of miR-382-5p can inhibit PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions miR-382-5p can activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting PTEN and promote HCC cell invasion.
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Huang R, Dai Q, Yang R, Duan Y, Zhao Q, Haybaeck J, Yang Z. A Review: PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway and Its Regulated Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors May Be a Potential Therapeutic Target in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817916. [PMID: 35574327 PMCID: PMC9096244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor developing from the esophageal squamous epithelium, and is the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer (EC). EC ranks 10th in morbidity and sixth in mortality worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rates in China are both higher than the world average. Current treatments of ESCC are surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgical resection is recommended for advanced patients. However, it does not work in the significant promotion of overall survival (OS) after such therapy. Research on targeted therapy in ESCC mainly focus on EGFR and PD-1, but neither of the targeted drugs can significantly improve the 3-year and 5-year survival rates of disease. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an important survival pathway in tumor cells, associated with its aggressive growth and malignant progression. Specifically, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and so on. Related genetic alterations of this pathway have been investigated in ESCC, such as PI3K, AKT and mTOR-rpS6K. Therefore, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway seems to have the capability to serve as research hotspot in the future. Currently, various inhibitors are being tested in cells, animals, and clinical trials, which targeting at different parts of this pathway. In this work, we reviewed the research progress on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway how to influence biological behaviors in ESCC, and discussed the interaction between signals downstream of this pathway, especially eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) and the development and progression of ESCC, to provide reference for the identification of new therapeutic targets in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiong Dai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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20
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Teng YJ, Deng Z, Ouyang ZG, Zhou Q, Mei S, Fan XX, Wu YR, Long HP, Fang LY, Yin DL, Zhang BY, Guo YM, Zhu WH, Huang Z, Zheng P, Ning DM, Tian XF. Xihuang pills induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase-B/mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:872-886. [PMID: 35582102 PMCID: PMC9048534 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i4.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase-B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signalling pathway is crucial for cell survival, differentiation, apoptosis and metabolism. Xihuang pills (XHP) are a traditional Chinese preparation with antitumour properties. They inhibit the growth of breast cancer, glioma, and other tumours by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. However, the effects and mechanisms of action of XHP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway effectively inhibits the progression of HCC. However, no study has focused on the XHP-associated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Therefore, we hypothesized that XHP might play a role in inhibiting HCC through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.
AIM To confirm the effect of XHP on HCC and the possible mechanisms involved.
METHODS The chemical constituents and active components of XHP were analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Cell-based experiments and in vivo xenograft tumour experiments were utilized to evaluate the effect of XHP on HCC tumorigenesis. First, SMMC-7721 cells were incubated with different concentrations of XHP (0, 0.3125, 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL) for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, followed by an assessment of cell migration using a wound healing assay. Second, the effect of XHP on the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells was evaluated. SMMC-7721 cells were stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate and annexin V/propidium iodide. The number of apoptotic cells and cell cycle distribution were measured using flow cytometry. The cleaved protein and mRNA expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected using Western blotting and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. Third, Western blotting and RT–qPCR were performed to confirm the effects of XHP on the protein and mRNA expression of components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Finally, the effects of XHP on the tumorigenesis of subcutaneous hepatocellular tumours in nude mice were assessed.
RESULTS The following 12 compounds were identified in XHP using high-resolution mass spectrometry: Valine, 4-gingerol, myrrhone, ricinoleic acid, glycocholic acid, curzerenone, 11-keto-β-boswellic acid, oleic acid, germacrone, 3-acetyl-9,11-dehydro-β-boswellic acid, 5β-androstane-3,17-dione, and 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid. The cell viability assay results showed that treatment with 0.625 mg/mL XHP extract decreased HCC cell viability after 12 h, and the effects were dose- and time-dependent. The results of the cell scratch assay showed that the migration of HCC cells was significantly inhibited in a time-dependent manner by the administration of XHP extract (0.625 mg/mL). Moreover, XHP significantly inhibited cell migration and resulted in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, XHP downregulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, which activated apoptosis executioner proteins (e.g., caspase-9 and caspase-3). The inhibitory effects of XHP on HCC cell growth were determined in vivo by analysing the tumour xenograft volumes and weights.
CONCLUSION XHP inhibited HCC cell growth and migration by stimulating apoptosis via the downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, followed by the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Our findings clarified that the antitumour effects of XHP on HCC cells are mediated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, revealing that XHP may be a potential complementary therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Teng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhe Deng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhao-Guang Ouyang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510132, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Si Mei
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yong-Rong Wu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Le-Yao Fang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dong-Liang Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bo-Yu Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yin-Mei Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Piao Zheng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Di-Min Ning
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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21
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Zhang K, Barry AE, Lamm R, Patel K, Schafer M, Dang H. The role of RNA binding proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114114. [PMID: 35063534 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of overall cancer deaths worldwide with limited therapeutic options. Due to the heterogeneity of HCC pathogenesis, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development are not fully understood. Emerging evidence indicates that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a vital role throughout hepatocarcinogenesis. Thus, a deeper understanding of how RBPs contribute to HCC progression will provide new tools for early diagnosis and prognosis of this devastating disease. In this review, we summarize the tumor suppressive and oncogenic roles of RBPs and their roles in hepatocarcinogenesis. The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of RBPs in HCC, including their limitations, are also discussed.
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22
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Li ZJ, Zhang JP, Li DY, Yang HY, Liu BR. ATF2 accelerates the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting the miR-548p/TUFT1 axis. Hepatol Res 2022; 52:281-297. [PMID: 34904343 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Due to high invasion and metastasis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known as one of the most fatal carcinomas. We aim to further investigate regulatory mechanisms of invasion and metastasis to elucidate HCC pathogenesis and develop novel medications. METHODS Patient specimens were collected for assessing gene expression and correlation between gene expressions. The expression of Ki67 and E-cadherin in subcutaneous xenograft tumor were examined by immunohistochemistry staining. The expression of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), miR-548p and TUFT1 were determined using Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and PI3K/AKT signaling-associated markers were examined with western blot. The proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, colony formation and transwell assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis was assessed via Annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Gene interaction was confirmed using chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase activity assays. Subcutaneous and intravenous xenograft mouse models were established for analyzing HCC growth and metastasis in vivo. RESULTS ATF2 was up-regulated in HCC patients and cells. ATF2 promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis through directly targeting miR-548p and controlling its expression. miR-548p suppressed HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion and enhanced cell apoptosis. miR-548p directly bound to the 3'UTR of TUFT1 to restrain its expression and subsequently suppress the PI3K/AKT signaling. ATF2 knock-down significantly suppressed the growth and metastasis of HCC. CONCLUSION ATF2 accelerates HCC progression by promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis, which is dependent on regulating the miR-548p/TUFT1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jie Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy Minimally Invasive Therapy Innovative Technology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy Minimally Invasive Therapy Innovative Technology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy Minimally Invasive Therapy Innovative Technology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy Minimally Invasive Therapy Innovative Technology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing-Rong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy Minimally Invasive Therapy Innovative Technology Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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23
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Dimin N, Zhe D, Yongrong W, Si M, Yongjie T, Qing Z, Xuefei T. Niuhuang (Bovis Calculus)-Shexiang (Moschus) combination induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Digital Chinese Medicine 2022; 5:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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24
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Wang J, Gan Y, Cao J, Dong X, Ouyang W. Pathophysiology of stress granules: An emerging link to diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:44. [PMID: 35137915 PMCID: PMC8846937 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Under unfavorable environmental conditions, eukaryotic cells may form stress granules (SGs) in the cytosol to protect against injury and promote cell survival. The initiation, mRNA and protein composition, distribution and degradation of SGs are subject to multiple intracellular post-translational modifications and signaling pathways to cope with stress damage. Despite accumulated comprehensive knowledge of their composition and dynamics, the function of SGs remains poorly understood. When the stress persists, aberrant and/or persistent intracellular SGs and aggregation of SGs-related proteins may lead to various diseases. In the present article, the research progress regarding the generation, modification and function of SGs was reviewed. The regulatory effects and influencing factors of SGs in the development of tumors, cardiovascular diseases, viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases were also summarized, which may provide novel insight for preventing and treating SG-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Wang
- Department of Kinesiology and Human Sciences, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P.R. China
| | - Yixia Gan
- Department of Kinesiology and Human Sciences, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P.R. China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Kinesiology and Human Sciences, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P.R. China
| | - Xuefen Dong
- Department of Kinesiology and Human Sciences, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Kinesiology and Human Sciences, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P.R. China
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25
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Song S, Liu J, Zhang M, Gao X, Sun W, Liu P, Wang Y, Li J. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B could serve as a potential prognostic predictor for breast cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2762-2776. [PMID: 35040374 PMCID: PMC8974155 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2017567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The EIF3 gene family is essential in controlling translation initiation during the cell cycle. The significance of the EIF3 subunits as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer is not yet clear. We analyzed the expression of EIF3 subunits in breast cancer on the GEPIA and Oncomine databases and compared their expression in breast cancer and normal tissues using BRCA data downloaded from TCGA. Then we performed clinical survival analysis on the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database and clinicopathologic analysis on the bc-genexMiner v4.1 database. And EIF3B was chosen for mutation analysis via the Cancer SEA online tool. Meanwhile, we performed the immunohistochemical assay, real-time RT-PCR, and Western blotting to analyze EIF3B expression levels in breast cancer. An EIF3B knockdown and a negative control cell line were conducted for MTT assay and cell cycle analysis to assess cell growth. Specifically, the results of TCGA and online databases demonstrated that upregulated EIF3B was associated with poorer overall and advanced tumor progression. We also confirmed that EIF3B was more highly expressed in breast cancer cells and tissues than normal and correlated with a worse outcome. And knockdown of EIF3B expression inhibited the cell cycle and proliferation. Furthermore, EIF3B was highly mutated in breast cancer. Collectively, our results suggested EIF3B as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoran Song
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Jie Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoqian Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Yaochun Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi China
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26
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Gouda G, Gupta MK, Donde R, Behera L, Vadde R. Tumor microenvironment in heptocellular carcinoma. Theranostics and Precision Medicine for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma 2022:109-124. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98806-3.00007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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27
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Kim GD. Harmine Hydrochloride Triggers G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in HCT116 Cells through ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:445-452. [PMID: 35047441 PMCID: PMC8747958 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.4.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignant carcinomas. There is a pressing need to develop naturally derived novel drugs with minimal side effects for treatment of CRC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of harmine hydrochloride (HMH), a hydrophilic and stable substance that is easily absorbed by tissues and similar to harmine, and the underlying mechanism of action in human CRC HCT116 cells. HMH inhibited the growth, colony formation, and migration ability of HCT116 cells. Additionally, HMH induced G2 cell cycle arrest by reducing expression of p-cdc2, cdc2, and cyclin B1, proteins that regulate the G2/M phase, and expression of Rb, a protein that regulates cell proliferation, in a dose-dependent manner. HMH mediated apoptosis by downregulating expression of apoptotic proteins (such as caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP) and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and by inducing expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein. Furthermore, HMH reduced the levels of p-ERK, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR in HCT116 cells, and significantly inhibited p-ERK and p-AKT expression in cells treated with of HMH and PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, or LY294002, an AKT inhibitor (P<0.05 and P<0.01). These results demonstrate the inhibi-tory effect of HMH on cell proliferation and migration through inducing apoptosis by inhibiting ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, indicating its potential therapeutic applications in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Dae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
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28
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Ock CW, Kim GD. Harmine Hydrochloride Mediates the Induction of G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating the MAPKs and AKT/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:6714. [PMID: 34771123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes of death among women worldwide. Recently, interest in novel approaches for BC has increased by developing new drugs derived from natural products with reduced side effects. This study aimed to treat BC cells with harmine hydrochloride (HMH) to identify its anticancer effects and mechanisms. HMH treatment suppressed cell growth, migration, invasion, and colony formation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, regardless of the hormone signaling. It also reduced the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR and increased FOXO3a expression. Additionally, HMH treatment increased p38 phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells and activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner, where activated p38 and JNK increased FOXO3a expression. Activated FOXO3a increased the expression of p53, p21, and their downstream proteins, including p-cdc25, p-cdc2, and cyclin B1, to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, HMH inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway by significantly reducing p-AKT expression in combination with LY294002, an AKT inhibitor. These results indicate that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathways mediate the induction of cell cycle arrest following HMH treatment. Therefore, HMH could be a potential active compound for anticancer bioactivity in BC cells.
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29
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Bracic Tomazic S, Schatz C, Haybaeck J. Translational Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4359-4369. [PMID: 34703211 PMCID: PMC8523516 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s255582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is distributed unevenly worldwide. One of the major causes is hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection and the development and progression of liver cirrhosis. The carcinogenesis of HCC is among others regulated via the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) signaling pathway and represents a possible method of targeted treatment. The aim of our article was to address the most recent clinical advances and findings of basic studies on the mTOR signaling pathway and the involved factors. Risk factors play a key role in dysregulation of the signaling pathway, where both mTORCs are upregulated and protein synthesis is altered. eIFs and, to a lesser extent, eEFs play an essential role in this process. Whether the factor will be upregulated or downregulated, among others, depends on hepatitis B/C virus infection. The amount of a particular factor in a patient sample lets us know whether HCC recurrence will occur, what is the likelihood of chemoresistance, and what outcome is predicted for patients with an increased value. Our analysis shows that in addition to mTOR, eIF3, eIF4, and eIF5 play an important role, as they can serve as biomarkers for non- and virus-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Bracic Tomazic
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz II, Graz, 8020, Austria.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
| | - Christoph Schatz
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria.,Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
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Qu N, Bo X, Li B, Ma L, Wang F, Zheng Q, Xiao X, Huang F, Shi Y, Zhang X. Role of N6-Methyladenosine (m 6A) Methylation Regulators in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:755206. [PMID: 34692544 PMCID: PMC8529104 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.755206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fifth most common malignant tumor in terms of incidence and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Although great progress has been made in surgical techniques, hepatic artery chemoembolization, molecular targeting and immunotherapy, the prognosis of liver cancer patients remains very poor. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification in eukaryotic cells and regulates various stages of the RNA life cycle. Many studies have reported that the abnormal expression of m6A-related regulators in HCC represent diagnostic and prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets. In this review, firstly, we introduce the latest research on m6A-related regulators in detail. Next, we summarize the mechanism of each regulator in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC. Finally, we summarize the potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value of the regulators currently reported in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfang Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaotong Bo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qinghua Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xuhua Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Fengmei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Chen B, Chen Y, Rai KR, Wang X, Liu S, Li Y, Xiao M, Ma Y, Wang G, Guo G, Huang S, Chen JL. Deficiency of eIF4B Increases Mouse Mortality and Impairs Antiviral Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:723885. [PMID: 34566982 PMCID: PMC8461113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.723885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B (eIF4B) plays an important role in mRNA translation initiation, cell survival and proliferation in vitro. However, its function in vivo is poorly understood. Here, we identified that eIF4B knockout (KO) in mice led to embryonic lethality, and the embryos displayed severe liver damage. Conditional KO (CKO) of eIF4B in adulthood profoundly increased the mortality of mice, characterized by severe pathological changes in several organs and reduced number of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Strikingly, eIF4B CKO mice were highly susceptible to viral infection with severe pulmonary inflammation. Selective deletion of eIF4B in lung epithelium also markedly promoted replication of influenza A virus (IAV) in the lung of infected animals. Furthermore, we observed that eIF4B deficiency significantly enhanced the expression of several important inflammation-associated factors and chemokines, including serum amyloid A1 (Saa1), Marco, Cxcr1, Ccl6, Ccl8, Ccl20, Cxcl2, Cxcl17 that are implicated in recruitment and activation of neutrophiles and macrophages. Moreover, the eIF4B-deficient mice exhibited impaired natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity during the IAV infection. Collectively, the results reveal that eIF4B is essential for mouse survival and host antiviral responses, and establish previously uncharacterized roles for eIF4B in regulating normal animal development and antiviral immunity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Kul Raj Rai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yun Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guijie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Ji-Long Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Pan Q, Wang L, Liu Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Peng W, Deng T, Peng ML, Jiang JQ, Tang J, Wang J, Duan HX, Fan SS. Knockdown of POLQ interferes the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:482. [PMID: 34517891 PMCID: PMC8436534 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA Polymerase Theta (POLQ) is a DNA polymerase involved in error-prone translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and error-prone repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), whose function in hepatocellular carcinoma has not been investigated. Methods In the present study, both the data collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and our group’s results showed higher POLQ expression in HCC tissues than the para-cancerous tissues, which was associated with higher malignancy and poor prognosis. POLQ knockdown HCC cell model (shPOLQ) was constructed along with the corresponding negative control (shCtrl) through lentivirus infection for loss-of-function study. Results We found that, upon knockdown of POLQ, the proliferation and migration of HCC cells decreased and apoptosis percentage increased. Moreover, the percentage of cells in G2 phase significantly increased in shPOLQ group compared with shCtrl group. Xenografts in mice grafted with shPOLQ cells grew much slower than that transplanted with shCtrl cells, and expressed lower Ki67 level. Furthermore, an apoptosis-related signaling array was used to explore the involvement of downstream signaling pathways, suggesting the enhanced phosphorylation of HSP27 and JNK, and the de-activation of mTOR, PRAS40, ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways. Conclusions Collectively, our study revealed that POLQ may participate in the development of HCC, depletion of which may be a promising treatment strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Min Li
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Tan Deng
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Mei-Ling Peng
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Qiong Jiang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Tang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Hua-Xin Duan
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Sha-Sha Fan
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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Narayanankutty A. Phytochemicals as PI3K/ Akt/ mTOR Inhibitors and Their Role in Breast Cancer Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 15:188-199. [PMID: 32914720 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200910164641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the predominant form of cancer in women; various cellular pathways are involved in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. Among the various types of breast cancer that differ in their growth factor receptor status, PI3K/Akt signaling is a common pathway where all these converge. Thus, the PI3K signaling is of great interest as a target for breast cancer prevention; however, it is less explored. OBJECTIVE The present review is aimed to provide a concise outline of the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in breast carcinogenesis and its progression events, including metastasis, drug resistance and stemness. The review emphasizes the role of natural and synthetic inhibitors of PI3K/Akt/m- TOR pathway in breast cancer prevention. METHODS The data were obtained from PubMed/Medline databases, Scopus and Google patent literature. RESULTS PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling plays an important role in human breast carcinogenesis; it acts on the initiation and progression events associated with it. Numerous molecules have been isolated and identified as promising drug candidates by targeting the signaling pathway. Results from clinical studies confirm their application in the treatment of human breast cancer alone and in combination with classical chemotherapeutics as well as monoclonal antibodies. CONCLUSION PI3K/mTOR signaling blockers have evolved as promising anticancer agents by interfering breast cancer development and progression at various stages. Natural products and bioactive components are emerging as novel inhibitors of PI3K signaling and more research in this area may yield numerous drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Post Graduate & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Kerala, India
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Chen X, Tian F, Lun P, Feng Y. Curcumin Inhibits HGF-Induced EMT by Regulating c-MET-Dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Meningioma. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021; 2021:5574555. [PMID: 34408780 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5574555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas, which are the most common primary intracranial tumors, have highly aggressive cells in malignant cases. Due to its extensive antitumor effects, curcumin is widely used in experimental and clinical studies. However, the role of curcumin during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in meningioma has not been established. We found that curcumin blocks hepatocyte growth factor- (HGF-) induced proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of human malignant meningioma cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, treatment of human malignant meningioma cells with the tyrosine protein kinase (c-MET) inhibitor (SU11274) or the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (LY294002) suppressed HGF-induced migration and EMT. Furthermore, we found that curcumin inhibited tumor growth and HGF-induced EMT in mice subjected to subcutaneous xenotransplantation. These findings indicate that HGF regulates EMT in human malignant meningioma cells through c-MET/PI3K/Akt/mTOR modulation. In conclusion, curcumin inhibits HGF-induced EMT by targeting c-MET and subsequently blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Scagliola A, Miluzio A, Ventura G, Oliveto S, Cordiglieri C, Manfrini N, Cirino D, Ricciardi S, Valenti L, Baselli G, D'Ambrosio R, Maggioni M, Brina D, Bresciani A, Biffo S. Targeting of eIF6-driven translation induces a metabolic rewiring that reduces NAFLD and the consequent evolution to hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4878. [PMID: 34385447 PMCID: PMC8361022 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A postprandial increase of translation mediated by eukaryotic Initiation Factor 6 (eIF6) occurs in the liver. Its contribution to steatosis and disease is unknown. In this study we address whether eIF6-driven translation contributes to disease progression. eIF6 levels increase throughout the progression from Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to hepatocellular carcinoma. Reduction of eIF6 levels protects the liver from disease progression. eIF6 depletion blunts lipid accumulation, increases fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and reduces oncogenic transformation in vitro. In addition, eIF6 depletion delays the progression from NAFLD to hepatocellular carcinoma, in vivo. Mechanistically, eIF6 depletion reduces the translation of transcription factor C/EBPβ, leading to a drop in biomarkers associated with NAFLD progression to hepatocellular carcinoma and preserves mitochondrial respiration due to the maintenance of an alternative mTORC1-eIF4F translational branch that increases the expression of transcription factor YY1. We provide proof-of-concept that in vitro pharmacological inhibition of eIF6 activity recapitulates the protective effects of eIF6 depletion. We hypothesize the existence of a targetable, evolutionarily conserved translation circuit optimized for lipid accumulation and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Scagliola
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Oliveto
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cordiglieri
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Manfrini
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Cirino
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Ricciardi
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Translational Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Baselli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta D'Ambrosio
- Department of Hepatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Maggioni
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Brina
- Institute of Oncology Research, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Bresciani
- Department of Translational and Discovery Research, IRBM S.p.A., Pomezia (Roma), Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Zhou W, Ouyang J, Li J, Liu F, An T, Cheng L, Kuo ZC, Zhang C, He Y. MRPS17 promotes invasion and metastasis through PI3K/AKT signal pathway and could be potential prognostic marker for gastric cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:4849-4861. [PMID: 34234855 PMCID: PMC8247386 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the molecular mechanisms through which Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein S17 (MRPS17) contributes to gastric cancer (GC) and its prognostic significance in GC have been explored. As a protein encoding gene, MRPS17 encodes a 28s proteins belonging the ribosomal protein S17P family. The specific roles and molecular mechanisms of MRPS17 in cancers remain ambiguous. It was revealed by analyzing data from TCGA and GEO that elevated expression of MRPS17 was significantly associated with invasion of GC and poor survival of GC patients. Then through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses it was demonstrated that MRPS17 an independent prognostic factor for GC patients (P<0.001). It was demonstrated by differentially expressed gene analysis and functional enrichment analysis that MPRS17 is related to PI3K/AKT pathway and Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), while its function is mediated by collagen-containing extracellular matrix and receptor ligand/regulator activity. Then it was proven by in-vitro experiments that knocking down of MRPS17 gene in AGS and SGC7901 cells would significantly inhibit proliferation and invasion capability of these cells. Furthermore, it was revealed by cell immunofluorescence assay that as a ribosomalprotein, MRPS17 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasmic surface of cell membrane. Additionally, activation of PI3K/AKT pathway is responsible for malignant progression of glioma that was promoted by MRPS17. In conclusion, it was revealed in the present study that MRPS17 promoted invasion and metastasis of GC and potential molecular mechanisms through which it exerted its influences on GC were explored, suggesting its potential as a novel prognostic biomarker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhou
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road 58, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road 58, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Junqing Li
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road 58, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangjie Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road 58, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Tailai An
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Lvjia Cheng
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road 58, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi Chong Kuo
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulong He
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhenyuan Road 628, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road 58, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
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Sun L, Liu S, Wang X, Zheng X, Chen Y, Shen H. eIF6 promotes the malignant progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma via the mTOR signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 19:216. [PMID: 34016142 PMCID: PMC8139032 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02877-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6) has a crucial function in the maturation of 60S ribosomal subunits, and it controls the initiation of protein translation. Although emerging studies indicate that eIF6 is aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers, the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of eIF6 in the pathological progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of eIF6 in patients with HCC. METHODS HCC samples enrolled from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and our cohort were used to explore the role and mechanism of eIF6 in HCC. The diagnostic power of eIF6 was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and its prognostic value was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and then related biological functions of eIF6 were determined in vitro and in vivo cancer models. In addition, potential molecular mechanism of eIF6 in HCC was unveiled by the gene set enrichment analysis and western blot assay. RESULTS We demonstrated that eIF6 expression was markedly increased in HCC, and elevated eIF6 expression correlated with pathological progression of HCC. Besides, eIF6 served as not only a new diagnostic biomarker but also an independent risk factor for OS in HCC patients. Functional studies indicated that the deletion of eIF6 displayed tumor-suppressor activity in HCC cells. Furthermore, we found that eIF6 could activate the mTOR-related signaling pathway and regulate the expression level of its target genes, such as CCND1, CDK4, CDK6, MYC, CASP3 and CTNNBL1, and these activities promoted proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study provided a novel basis for understanding the potential role of eIF6 in promoting tumor growth and invasion, and exploited a promising strategy for improving diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuguang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaopai Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Laboratory for Cognitive and Developmental Disorders, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhu R, Tu Y, Chang J, Xu H, Li JC, Liu W, Do AD, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li B. The Orphan Nuclear Receptor Gene NR0B2 Is a Favorite Prognosis Factor Modulated by Multiple Cellular Signal Pathways in Human Liver Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:691199. [PMID: 34055653 PMCID: PMC8162207 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.691199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and novel prognostic factor is needed for early detection and therapeutic responsiveness monitoring. The orphan nuclear receptor NR0B2 was reported to suppress liver cancer development in a mouse model, and its expression levels were reduced in liver cancer tissues and cell lines due to hypermethylation within its promoter region. However, it is not clear if NR0B2 expression is associated with cancer survival or disease progression and how NR0B2 gene expression is regulated at the molecular level. METHODS Multiple cancer databases were utilized to explore NR0B2 gene expression profiles crossing a variety of human cancers, including liver cancers, on several publicly assessable bioinformatics platforms. NR0B2 gene expression with or without kinase inhibitor treatment was analyzed using the qPCR technique, and NR0B2 protein expression was assessed in western blot assays. Two human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 and Huh7, were used in these experiments. NR0B2 gene activation was evaluated using NR0B2 promoter-driven luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS NR0B2 gene is predominantly expressed in liver tissue crossing human major organs or tissues, but it is significantly downregulated in liver cancers. NR0B2 expression is mostly downregulated in most common cancers but also upregulated in a few intestinal cancers. NR0B2 gene expression significantly correlated with patient overall survival status in multiple human malignancies, including lung, kidney, breast, urinary bladder, thyroid, colon, and head-neck cancers, as well as liposarcoma and B-cell lymphoma. In liver cancer patients, higher NR0B2 expression is associated with favorite relapse-free and progression-free survival, especially in Asian male patients with viral infection history. In addition, NR0B2 expression negatively correlated with immune infiltration and PIK3CA and PIK3CG gene expression in liver cancer tissues. In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, NR0B2 expression at the transcription level was drastically reduced after MAPK inhibition but was significantly enhanced after PI3K inhibition. CONCLUSION NR0B2 gene expression is altered mainly in most human malignancies and significantly reduced in liver cancers. NR0B2 is a prognosis factor for patient survival in liver cancers. MAPK and PI3K oppositely modulate NR0B2 expression, and NR0B2 gene upregulation might serve as a therapeutic responsiveness factor in anti-PI3K therapy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Zhu
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China,Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States,*Correspondence: Runzhi Zhu, ; Benyi Li,
| | - Yanjie Tu
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Jingxia Chang
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Haixia Xu
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Jean C. Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Wang Liu
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ahn-Dao Do
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Jinhu Wang
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benyi Li
- Department of Urology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States,*Correspondence: Runzhi Zhu, ; Benyi Li,
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Virzì A, Gonzalez-Motos V, Tripon S, Baumert TF, Lupberger J. Profibrotic Signaling and HCC Risk during Chronic Viral Hepatitis: Biomarker Development. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050977. [PMID: 33801181 PMCID: PMC7957739 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite breakthroughs in antiviral therapies, chronic viral hepatitis B and C are still the major causes of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Importantly, even in patients with controlled infection or viral cure, the cancer risk cannot be fully eliminated, highlighting a persisting oncogenic pressure imposed by epigenetic imprinting and advanced liver disease. Reliable and minimally invasive biomarkers for early fibrosis and for residual HCC risk in HCV-cured patients are urgently needed. Chronic infection with HBV and/or HCV dysregulates oncogenic and profibrogenic signaling within the host, also displayed in the secretion of soluble factors to the blood. The study of virus-dysregulated signaling pathways may, therefore, contribute to the identification of reliable minimally invasive biomarkers for the detection of patients at early-stage liver disease potentially complementing existing noninvasive methods in clinics. With a focus on virus-induced signaling events, this review provides an overview of candidate blood biomarkers for liver disease and HCC risk associated with chronic viral hepatitis and epigenetic viral footprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Virzì
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.V.); (V.G.-M.); (S.T.); (T.F.B.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Gonzalez-Motos
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.V.); (V.G.-M.); (S.T.); (T.F.B.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Simona Tripon
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.V.); (V.G.-M.); (S.T.); (T.F.B.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.V.); (V.G.-M.); (S.T.); (T.F.B.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67091 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| | - Joachim Lupberger
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.V.); (V.G.-M.); (S.T.); (T.F.B.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the relative expression of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 Subunit B (EIF3B) in pancreatic cancer and elucidate its contribution to this disease. METHODS Relative expression of EIF3B in pancreatic cancer was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay and cell proliferation was measured by direct cell counting. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V staining followed by flow cytometry analysis, and cell cycle was analyzed by PI staining. The differential expression gene analysis was performed by microarray. Tumor progression in response to EIF3B deficiency in vivo was investigated using the xenograft tumor model. RESULTS We found aberrantly high expression of EIF3B in pancreatic cancer, which associated with unfavorable prognosis. Knockdown of EIF3B greatly compromised cell viability and proliferation in both SW1990 and PANC-1 cells. Furthermore, EIF3B deficiency induced cell cycle arrest and spontaneous apoptosis. In vivo tumor progression was significantly suppressed by EIF3B silencing in the xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, we characterized down-regulation of CDH1 and IRS1 and up-regulation of DDIT3, PTEN and CDKN1B, in response to EIF3B knockdown, which might mediate the oncogenic effect of EIF3B in pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data uncovered the oncogenic role of EIF3B in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhang Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiang Shan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Ge
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wencheng Kong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changku Jia
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Li S, Shao J, Lou G, Wu C, Liu Y, Zheng M. MiR-144-3p-mediated dysregulation of EIF4G2 contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma through the ERK pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:53. [PMID: 33526055 PMCID: PMC7852102 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with high incidence and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms of HCC still remain unclear. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) have a substantial effect on tumor development. In this study, we were aimed to investigate the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2 (EIF4G2) in HCC. Methods Western blot (WB) of 30 paired HCC tissues and tissue microarrays (TMAs) conducted by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 89 paired HCC samples were performed to assess EIF4G2 expression. Clone formation, real-time cell analysis (RTCA), wound healing and transwell assays were adopted to evaluate the role of EIF4G2 on HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities. The function of EIF4G2 in HCC tumor growth was assessed in a xenograft nude mouse model in vivo. The regulation of EIF4G2 by miR-144-3p was performed by luciferase reporter assay and WB. Results The EIF4G2 protein was clearly upregulated in HCC tissues, and high EIF4G2 expression was closely related to HCC prognosis. EIF4G2 silencing could inhibit HCC cell growth and metastasis in vitro, and suppress tumorigenesis in vivo by repressing the ERK signaling pathway. The results of luciferase reporter assays, WB and IHC staining verified that EIF4G2 was negatively regulated by miR-144. And re-expression of EIF4G2 could partially reverse the inhibiting effect of miR-144 in HCC. Conclusion In summary, our study revealed the role of EIF4G2 in HCC development via the activation of the ERK pathway. We also found that EIF4G2 could be negatively regulated by the tumor suppressor miR-144. Our investigations indicated that EIF4G2 might be a promising therapeutic target in HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01853-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiajia Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Guohua Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yanning Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Iriana S, Asha K, Repak M, Sharma-Walia N. Hedgehog Signaling: Implications in Cancers and Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1042. [PMID: 33494284 PMCID: PMC7864517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is primarily involved in embryonic gut development, smooth muscle differentiation, cell proliferation, adult tissue homeostasis, tissue repair following injury, and tissue polarity during the development of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. GLIoma-associated oncogene homolog (GLI) family of zinc-finger transcription factors and smoothened (SMO) are the signal transducers of the SHH pathway. Both SHH ligand-dependent and independent mechanisms activate GLI proteins. Various transcriptional mechanisms, posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation, ubiquitination, proteolytic processing, SUMOylation, and acetylation), and nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling control the activity of SHH signaling pathway proteins. The dysregulated SHH pathway is associated with bone and soft tissue sarcomas, GLIomas, medulloblastomas, leukemias, and tumors of breast, lung, skin, prostate, brain, gastric, and pancreas. While extensively studied in development and sarcomas, GLI family proteins play an essential role in many host-pathogen interactions, including bacterial and viral infections and their associated cancers. Viruses hijack host GLI family transcription factors and their downstream signaling cascades to enhance the viral gene transcription required for replication and pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss a distinct role(s) of GLI proteins in the process of tumorigenesis and host-pathogen interactions in the context of viral infection-associated malignancies and cancers due to other causes. Here, we emphasize the potential of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway targeting as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic approach, which in the future could also be tested in infection-associated fatalities.
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Wu K, Shui Y, Sun W, Lin S, Pang H. Utility of Radiomics for Predicting Patient Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:569435. [PMID: 33178598 PMCID: PMC7594107 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.569435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to develop and validate the combination of radiomic features and clinical characteristics that can predict patient survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Materials and Methods: The prediction model was developed in a primary cohort of 70 patients with HCC and PVTT treated with SBRT, using data acquired between December 2015 and June 2017. The radiomic features were extracted from computed tomography (CT) scans. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to build the model. Multivariate Cox-regression hazard models were created for analyzing survival outcomes and the radiomic features and clinical characteristics were presented with a nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the model. Participants were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group based on the radiomic features. Results: A total of four radiomic features and six clinical characteristics were extracted for survival analysis. A combination of the radiomic features and clinical characteristics resulted in better performance for the estimation of overall survival (OS) [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.859 (CI: 0.770–0.948)] than that with clinical characteristics alone [AUC = 0.761 (CI: 0.641–0.881)]. These patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the radiomic features. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a nomogram of combined radiomic features and clinical characteristics can be conveniently used to assess individualized preoperative prediction of OS in patients with HCC with PVTT before SBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Shui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenzheng Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haowen Pang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Duan Y, Haybaeck J, Yang Z. Therapeutic Potential of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Rationale and Progress. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2972. [PMID: 33066449 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) arise due to gain-of-function mutations of KIT and PDGFRA, encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). The introduction of the RTK inhibitor imatinib has significantly improved the management of GISTs; however, drug resistance remains a challenge. Constitutive autophosphorylation of RTKs is associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Especially, this pathway plays a pivotal role in mRNA translation initiation, directly regulated by eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). This review highlights the progress for targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR-dependent mechanisms in GISTs and explores the relationship between mTOR downstream eIFs and the development of GISTs, which may be a promising future therapeutic target for this tumor entity. Abstract Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) originates from interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in the myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal tract. Most GISTs arise due to mutations of KIT and PDGFRA gene activation, encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). The clinical use of the RTK inhibitor imatinib has significantly improved the management of GIST patients; however, imatinib resistance remains a challenge. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a critical survival pathway for cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and translation in neoplasms. Constitutive autophosphorylation of RTKs has an impact on the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In several preclinical and early-stage clinical trials PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling inhibition has been considered as a promising targeted therapy strategy for GISTs. Various inhibitory drugs targeting different parts of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway are currently being investigated in phase Ι and phase ΙΙ clinical trials. This review highlights the progress for PI3K/AKT/mTOR-dependent mechanisms in GISTs, and explores the relationship between mTOR downstream signals, in particular, eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) and the development of GISTs, which may be instrumental for identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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Liu Z, Mo H, Sun L, Wang L, Chen T, Yao B, Liu R, Niu Y, Tu K, Xu Q, Yang N. Long noncoding RNA PICSAR/miR-588/EIF6 axis regulates tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4118-4128. [PMID: 32860321 PMCID: PMC7648049 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has identified long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as regulators in tumor progression and development. Here, we elucidated the function and possible molecular mechanisms of the effect of lncRNA‐PICSAR (p38 inhibited cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma associated lincRNA) on the biological behaviors of HCC. In the present study, we found that PICSAR was upregulated in HCC tissues and cells and correlated with progression and poor prognosis in HCC patients. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments indicated that PICSAR enhanced cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle progression and inhibited apoptosis of HCC cells. PICSAR could function as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging microRNA (miR)‐588 in HCC cells. Mechanically, miR‐588 inhibited HCC progression and alternation of miR‐588 reversed the promotive effects of PICSAR on HCC cells. In addition, we confirmed that eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (EIF6) was a direct target of miR‐588 in HCC and mediated the biological effects of miR‐588 and PICSAR in HCC, resulting in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation. Our data identified PICSAR as a novel oncogenic lncRNA associated with malignant clinical outcomes in HCC patients. PICSAR played an oncogenic role by targeting miR‐588 and subsequently promoted EIF6 expression and PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in HCC. Our results revealed that PICSAR could be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanye Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liankang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianxiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bowen Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runkun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongshen Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Sui W, Gan Q, Liu F, Ou M, Wang B, Liao S, Lai L, Chen H, Yang M, Dai Y. Dynamic Metabolomics Study of the Bile Acid Pathway During Perioperative Primary Hepatic Carcinoma Following Liver Transplantation. Ann Transplant 2020; 25:e921844. [PMID: 32572018 PMCID: PMC7333510 DOI: 10.12659/aot.921844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are many situations of abnormal metabolism influencing liver graft function. This study aims to provide data for the development of liver function recovery after liver transplantation by dynamically analyzing metabolites of bile acids pathway in serum. Material/Methods A comprehensive metabolomics profiling of serum of 9 liver transplantation patients before transplantation, on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after liver transplantation, and healthy individuals were performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Multivariate data and dynamic analysis were used to search for biomarkers between the metabolomics profiles present in perioperative liver transplantation and normal controls. Results Thirty-three differential endogenous metabolites were screened by the threshold of variable importance in the projection (VIP) from an orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) greater than 1.0, q-value <0.05, and fold change (FC) ≤0.8 or ≥1.2 between the preoperative group and the normal controls in negative mode. The metabolite intensities of taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate, and glycocholic acid pre-transplantation were significantly higher than those of normal controls. The average metabolite intensities of taurocholic acid and taurochenodesoxycholic acid on the first day after liver transplantation were lower than those observed pre-transplantation. The average metabolite intensities on day 3 after liver transplantation showed a sudden increase and then decreased after 7 postoperative days. The average metabolite intensities of glycocholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate showed an increasing trend on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after liver transplantation. Conclusions Use of taurocholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid-related bile secretion, liver regeneration, and de novo bile acid synthesis may help clinical evaluation and provide data for the development of liver function recovery after liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Sui
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qing Gan
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Fuhua Liu
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Minglin Ou
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Bingguo Wang
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Songbai Liao
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Liusheng Lai
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Huaizhou Chen
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Yang
- Nephrology Department of Guilin No. 924 Hospital, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Research, Guilin Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Guilin, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Dai
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Yue Q, Meng L, Jia B, Han W. Expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B in liver cancer and its prognostic significance. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:436-446. [PMID: 32537008 PMCID: PMC7282191 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the major malignancies with the worst prognosis among all solid tumor types. It is therefore ponderable to explore prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver cancer. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B (EIF3B) is closely linked to the transcription initiation of cancer-associated genes. In the present study, EIF3B was indicated to be a potential prognostic biomarker of liver cancer. The mRNA expression level of EIF3B in liver cancer was assessed by analyzing the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. χ2 and Fisher's exact tests were used to assess the association of EIF3B expression with clinical parameters. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used for evaluating the diagnostic value of EIF3B. Overall and relapse-free survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves to determine the association between EIF3B expression and survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to identify the factors affecting overall/relapse-free survival. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify signaling pathways associated with EIF3B in liver cancer. It was revealed that EIF3B was highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and it had a promising diagnostic ability. Furthermore, the survival analysis indicated that patients with high EIF3B expression generally had shorter overall as well as relapse-free survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis suggested that high EIF3B mRNA expression may serve as an independent biomarker for the prognostication of patients with liver cancer. GSEA suggested that MYC-V1 (HALLMARK_MYC_TARGETS_V1 geneset; P=0.009), MYC-V2 (HALLMARK_MYC_TARGETS_V2 geneset; P=0.004) and DNA repair pathways (HALLMARK_DNA_REPAIR geneset; P<0.001) were differentially enriched in high EIF3B expression and low EIF3B expression groups. In conclusion, high EIF3B expression was indicated to be an independent prognostic biomarker for patients with liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yue
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Meng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Baoxing Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Ren F, Wu K, Yang Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Li J. Dandelion Polysaccharide Exerts Anti-Angiogenesis Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating VEGF/HIF-1α Expression. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:460. [PMID: 32322211 PMCID: PMC7158757 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that natural plants-derived polysaccharides exhibit potent anti-tumor activity. Our earlier studies suggest that dandelion polysaccharide (DP) inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated the effects of DP on the angiogenesis of HCC and the potential molecular mechanisms by which DP regulates angiogenesis. Wound-healing and transwell invasion assays revealed that DP inhibited HUVECs migration and invasion in vitro, respectively. Tube formation assay, chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated that DP suppressed vasculogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining verified that DP treatment decreased the protein levels of some key factors involved in angiogenesis of HCC, such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), p-PI3K, and p-AKT. However, activation of PI3K/AKT pathway with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) treatment attenuated the effect of DP on angiogenesis via lowering the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF. In summary, we found that DP treatment inhibited angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro through suppressing expression of VEGF and HIF-1a. Furthermore, we showed that the expression of VEGF and HIF1-α was modulated by PI3K/AKT signaling. Collectively, our study suggests that DP is a promising anti-cancer drug candidate for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuxia Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Tang X, Li A, Xie C, Zhang Y, Liu X, Xie Y, Wu B, Zhou S, Huang X, Ma Y, Cao W, Xu R, Shen J, Huo Z, Cai S, Liang Y, Ma D. The PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor BEZ235 nanoparticles improve radiosensitization of hepatoma cells through apoptosis and regulation DNA repair pathway. Nanoscale Res Lett 2020; 15:63. [PMID: 32219609 PMCID: PMC7099126 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-3289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymer materials encapsulating drugs have broad prospects for drug delivery. We evaluated the effectiveness of polyethylene glycol-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG) encapsulation and release characteristics of PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 (BEZ235). We proposed a strategy for targeting radiosensitization of liver cancer cells. The biocompatibility, cell interaction, and internalization of Glypican-3 (GPC3) antibody-modified, BEZ235-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles (NP-BEZ235-Ab) in hepatoma cells in vitro were studied. Also, the cell killing effect of NP-BEZ235-Ab combined with γ-ray cell was evaluated. We used confocal microscopy to monitor nanoparticle-cell interactions and cellular uptake, conducted focus-formation experiments to analyze the synergistic biological effects of NP-BEZ235-Ab and priming, and studied synergy in liver cancer cells using molecular biological methods such as western blotting. We found that PLGA-PEG has good loading efficiency for BEZ235 and high selectivity to GPC3-positive HepG2 liver cancer cells, thus documenting that NP-BEZ235-Ab acts as a small-molecule drug delivery nanocarrier. At the nominal concentration, the NP-BEZ235-Ab nanoformulation synergistically kills liver cancer cells with significantly higher efficiency than does the free drug. Thus, NP-BEZ235-Ab is a potential radiosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tang
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Li
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Xie
- Blood Transfusion Department, Guangzhou 8th People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinci Zhang
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghai Xie
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Binquan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Huang
- Department of Interventional, Affiliated Oriental Hospital, Anhui University of Technology, Huainan, 232003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiya Cao
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shen
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Huo
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Cai
- Huainan First People's Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liang
- Huai'an Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical College and Huai'an Second Hospital, Huai'an, 223002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Xing J, Bhuria V, Bui KC, Nguyen MLT, Hu Z, Hsieh CJ, Wittstein K, Stadler M, Wilkens L, Li J, Kalesse M, Bozko P, Plentz RR. Haprolid Inhibits Tumor Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Rb/E2F and Akt/mTOR Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E615. [PMID: 32155915 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major health burden with limited curative treatment options. There is a substantial unmet need to develop innovative approaches to impact the progression of advanced HCC. Haprolid is a novel natural component isolated from myxobacteria. Haprolid has been reported as a potent selective cytotoxin against a panel of tumor cells in recent studies including HCC cells. The aims of this study are to evaluate the antitumor effect of haprolid in HCC and to understand its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The efficacy of haprolid was evaluated in human HCC cell lines (Huh-7, Hep3B and HepG2) and xenograft tumors (NMRI-Foxn1nu mice with injection of Hep3B cells). Cytotoxic activity of haprolid was determined by the WST-1 and crystal violet assay. Wound healing, transwell and tumorsphere assays were performed to investigate migration and invasion of HCC cells. Apoptosis and cell-cycle distribution were measured by flow cytometry. The effects of haprolid on the Rb/E2F and Akt/mTOR pathway were examined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS haprolid treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was impaired by haprolid treatment and the expression level of N-cadherin, vimentin and Snail was downregulated. Moreover, growth of HCC cells in vitro was suppressed by inhibition of G1/S transition, and partially by induction of apoptosis. The drug induced downregulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin A, cyclin B and CDK2 and induced upregulation of p21 and p27. Further evidence showed that these effects of haprolid were associated with Rb/E2F downregulation and Akt/mTOR inhibition. Finally, in vivo nude mice experiments demonstrated significant inhibition of tumor growth upon haprolid treatment. CONCLUSION Our results show that haprolid inhibits the growth of HCC through dual inhibition of Rb/E2F and Akt/mTOR pathways. Therefore, haprolid might be considered as a new and promising candidate for the palliative therapy of HCC.
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