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Karve T, Dandekar A, Agrahari V, Melissa Peet M, Banga AK, Doncel GF. Long-acting transdermal drug delivery formulations: Current developments and innovative pharmaceutical approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115326. [PMID: 38692457 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Transdermal administration remains an active research and development area as an alternative route for long-acting drug delivery. It avoids major drawbacks of conventional oral (gastrointestinal side effects, low drug bioavailability, and need for multiple dosing) or parenteral routes (invasiveness, pain, and psychological stress and bio-hazardous waste generated from needles), thereby increasing patient appeal and compliance. This review focuses on the current state of long-acting transdermal drug delivery, including adhesive patches, microneedles, and molecularly imprinted polymeric systems. Each subsection describes an approach including key considerations in formulation development, design, and process parameters with schematics. An overview of commercially available conventional (adhesive) patches for long-acting drug delivery (longer than 24 h), the reservoir- and matrix-type systems under preclinical evaluation, as well as the advanced transdermal formulations, such as the core-shell, nanoformulations-incorporated and stimuli-responsive microneedles, and 3D-printed and molecularly imprinted polymers that are in development, is also provided. Finally, we elaborated on translational aspects, challenges in patch formulation development, and future directions for the clinical advancement of new long-acting transdermal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Karve
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Amruta Dandekar
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Vivek Agrahari
- CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
| | - M Melissa Peet
- CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Ajay K Banga
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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2
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Li M, Vora LK, Peng K, Sabri AHB, Qin N, Abbate M, Paredes AJ, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Novel nano-in-micro fabrication technique of diclofenac nanoparticles loaded microneedle patches for localised and systemic drug delivery. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213889. [PMID: 38781739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is commonly prescribed for managing osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and post-surgical pain. However, oral administration of diclofenac often leads to adverse effects. This study introduces an innovative nano-in-micro approach to create diclofenac nanoparticle-loaded microneedle patches aimed at localised, sustained pain relief, circumventing the drawbacks of oral delivery. The nanoparticles were produced via wet-milling, achieving an average size of 200 nm, and then incorporated into microneedle patches. These patches showed improved skin penetration in ex vivo tests using Franz-cell setups compared to traditional diclofenac formulations. In vivo tests on rats revealed that the nanoparticle-loaded microneedle patches allowed for quick drug uptake and prolonged release, maintaining drug levels in tissues for up to 72 h. With a systemic bioavailability of 57 %, these patches prove to be an effective means of transdermal drug delivery. This study highlights the potential of this novel microneedle delivery system in enhancing the treatment of chronic pain with reduced systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Akmal H B Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Nuoya Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Abbate
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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3
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Zhang C, Wu Y, Hutton ARJ, Hidayat Bin Sabri A, Hobson JJ, Savage AC, McCarthy HO, Paredes AJ, Owen A, Rannard SP, Donnelly RF. Systemic delivery of bictegravir and tenofovir alafenamide using dissolving microneedles for HIV preexposure prophylaxis. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124317. [PMID: 38851410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose a serious threat to global health. Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), considered highly effective for HIV prevention, is the utilisation of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs before HIV exposure in high-risk uninfected individuals. However, ARV drugs are associated with poor patient compliance and pill fatigue due to their daily oral dosing. Therefore, an alternative strategy for drug delivery is required. In this work, two dissolving microneedle patches (MNs) containing either bictegravir (BIC) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) solid drug nanoparticles (SDNs) were developed for systemic delivery of a novel ARV regimen for potential HIV prevention. According to ex vivo skin deposition studies, approximately 11 % and 50 % of BIC and TAF was delivered using dissolving MNs, respectively. Pharmacokinetic studies in Sprague Dawley rats demonstrated that BIC MNs achieved a long-acting release profile, maintaining the relative plasma concentration above the 95 % inhibitory concentration (IC95) for 3 weeks. For TAF MNs, a rapid release of drug and metabolism of TAF into TFV were obtained from the plasma samples. This work has shown that the proposed transdermal drug delivery platform could be potentially used as an alternative method to systemically deliver ARV drugs for HIV PrEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Aaron R J Hutton
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Akmal Hidayat Bin Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - James J Hobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alison C Savage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew Owen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Block H, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Steven P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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4
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Dai X, Permana AD, Li M, Habibie, Nur Amir M, Peng K, Zhang C, Dai H, Paredes AJ, Vora LK, Donnelly RF. Calcipotriol Nanosuspension-Loaded Trilayer Dissolving Microneedle Patches for the Treatment of Psoriasis: In Vitro Delivery and In Vivo Antipsoriatic Activity Studies. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2813-2827. [PMID: 38752564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis, affecting 2-3% of the global population, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition without a definitive cure. Current treatments focus on managing symptoms. Recognizing the need for innovative drug delivery methods to enhance patient adherence, this study explores a new approach using calcipotriol monohydrate (CPM), a primary topical treatment for psoriasis. Despite its effectiveness, CPM's therapeutic potential is often limited by factors like the greasiness of topical applications, poor skin permeability, low skin retention, and lack of controlled delivery. To overcome these challenges, the study introduces CPM in the form of nanosuspensions (NSs), characterized by an average particle size of 211 ± 2 nm. These CPM NSs are then incorporated into a trilayer dissolving microneedle patch (MAP) made from poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and w poly(vinyl alcohol) as needle arrays and prefrom 3D printed polylactic acid backing layer. This MAP features rapidly dissolving tips and exhibits good mechanical properties and insertion capability with delivery efficiency compared to the conventional Daivonex ointment. The effectiveness of this novel MAP was tested on Sprague-Dawley rats with imiquimod-induced psoriasis, demonstrating efficacy comparable to the marketed ointment. This innovative trilayer dissolving MAP represents a promising new local delivery system for calcipotriol, potentially revolutionizing psoriasis treatment by enhancing drug delivery and patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbing Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Habibie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nur Amir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Haodong Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
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Lin H, Liu J, Hou Y, Yu Z, Hong J, Yu J, Chen Y, Hu J, Xia D. Microneedle patch with pure drug tips for delivery of liraglutide: pharmacokinetics in rats and minipigs. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01582-1. [PMID: 38619705 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Transdermal delivery of peptide drugs is almost impossible with conventional penetration enhancers because of epidermal barrier function. Microneedle (MN) patches can bypass the epidermal barrier and have been developed for trans- and intradermal delivery of peptide drugs and vaccines. However, dissolving MN patches are limited by low drug loading capacities due to their small size and admixture of drug and water-soluble excipients. Furthermore, few in vivo pharmacokinetic studies, especially in large animals such as pigs, have been performed to assess post-application systemic drug exposure. Here, we developed a dissolving MN patch with pure liraglutide at the needle tips. The MN patch could load up to 2.21 ± 0.14 mg of liraglutide in a patch size of 0.9 cm2, which was nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that obtained with conventional MN patches of the same size. Raman imaging confirmed that liraglutide was localized at the MN tips. The MN had sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the epidermis and could deliver up to 0.93 ± 0.04 mg of liraglutide into skin with a dosing variability of less than 6.8%. The MN patch delivery enabled faster absorption of liraglutide than that provided by subcutaneous (S.C.) injection, and achieved relative bioavailability of 69.8% and 46.3% compared to S.C. injection in rats and minipigs, respectively. The MN patch also exhibited similar patterns of anti-hyperglycemic effect in diabetic rats and individual variability in pharmacokinetic parameters as S.C. injection. The liraglutide MN application was well tolerated; no skin irritation was observed in minipigs except for mild erythema occurring within 4 h after once daily administration for 7 days at the same site. Our preclinical study suggests that MN patch with pure drug needle tips might offer a safe and effective alternative to S.C. injection for administration of liraglutide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Jinbin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yulin Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhiyan Yu
- Dongguan HEC Biopharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Juan Hong
- Dongguan HEC Biopharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Jianghong Yu
- Dongguan HEC Biopharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Dongguan HEC Biopharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Jingwen Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Dengning Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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6
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Hamed R, Alhadidi HFI. Minoxidil Nanosuspension-Loaded Dissolved Microneedles for Hair Regrowth. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:75. [PMID: 38580793 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Minoxidil (MIN) is used topically to treat alopecia. However, its low absorption limits its use, warranting a new strategy to enhance its delivery into skin layers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dermal delivery of MIN by utilizing dissolved microneedles (MNs) loaded with MIN nanosuspension (MIN-NS) for hair regrowth. MIN-NS was prepared by the solvent-antisolvent precipitation technique. The particle size of MIN-NS was 226.7 ± 9.3 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.29 ± 0.17 and a zeta potential of -29.97 ± 1.23 mV. An optimized formulation of MIN-NS was selected, freeze-dried, and loaded into MNs fabricated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC) polymeric solutions (MIN-NS-loaded MNs). MNs were evaluated for morphology, dissolution rate, skin insertion, drug content, mechanical properties, ex vivo permeation, in vivo, and stability studies. MNs, prepared with 14% Na CMC, were able to withstand a compression force of 32 N for 30 s, penetrate Parafilm M® sheet at a depth of 374-504 µm, and dissolve completely in the skin within 30 min with MIN %recovery of 95.1 ± 6.5%. The release of MIN from MIN-NS-loaded MNs was controlled for 24 h. MIN-NS-loaded MNs were able to maintain their mechanical properties and chemical stability for 4 weeks, when kept at different storage conditions. The in vivo study of the freeze-dried MIN-NS and MIN-NS-loaded MNs proved hair regrowth on rat skin after 11 and 7 days, respectively. These results showed that MIN-NS-loaded MNs could potentially improve the dermal delivery of MIN through the skin to treat alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan.
| | - Hebah F I Alhadidi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
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Roussel S, Udabe J, Bin Sabri A, Calderón M, Donnelly R. Leveraging novel innovative thermoresponsive polymers in microneedles for targeted intradermal deposition. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123847. [PMID: 38266945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Microneedles have garnered considerable attention over the years as a versatile pharmaceutical platform that could be leveraged to deliver drugs into and across the skin. In the current work, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) is synthesized and characterized as a novel material for the development of a physiologically responsive microneedle-based drug delivery system. Typically, this polymer transitions reversibly between a swell state at lower temperatures and a more hydrophobic state at higher temperatures, enabling precise drug release. This study demonstrates that dissolving microneedles patches made from PNIPAm, incorporating BIS-PNIPAm, a crosslinked polymer variant, exhibit enhanced mechanical properties, evident from a smaller height reduction in microneedle (∼10 %). Although microneedles using PNIPAm alone were achievable, it displayed poor mechanical strength, requiring the inclusion of additional polymeric excipients like PVA to enhance mechanical properties. In addition, the incorporation of a thermoresponsive polymer did not have a significant (p > 0.05) impact on the insertion properties of the needles as all formulations inserted to a similar depth of 500 µm into ex vivo skin. Furthering this, the needles were loaded with a model payload, 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine perchlorate (DID) and the deposition of the cargo was monitored via multiphoton microscopy that showed that a deposit is formed at a depth of ≈200 µm. Also, it was revealed that crosslinked-PNIPAm (Bis-PNIPAm) formulations exhibited notable skin accumulationof the dye only after 4 h, independent of the excipient matrix used. This phenomenon was absent in non-crosslinked PNIPAm formulations, indicating a deposit formation in Bis-PNIPAm microneedle formulation. Collectively, this proof-of-concept study has advanced our understanding on the possibility to use PNIPAm for dissolving microneedle fabrication which could be harnessed for the deposition of nanoparticles into the dermis, for extended drug release within the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Roussel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Université Laval, 2705 Laurier Blvd, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jakes Udabe
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Akmal Bin Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ryan Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Loh JM, Lim YJL, Tay JT, Cheng HM, Tey HL, Liang K. Design and fabrication of customizable microneedles enabled by 3D printing for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:222-241. [PMID: 37869723 PMCID: PMC10589728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) is an emerging technology that employs needles ranging from 10 to 1000 μm in height, as a minimally invasive technique for various procedures such as therapeutics, disease monitoring and diagnostics. The commonly used method of fabrication, micromolding, has the advantage of scalability, however, micromolding is unable to achieve rapid customizability in dimensions, geometries and architectures, which are the pivotal factors determining the functionality and efficacy of the MNs. 3D printing offers a promising alternative by enabling MN fabrication with high dimensional accuracy required for precise applications, leading to improved performance. Furthermore, enabled by its customizability and one-step process, there is propitious potential for growth for 3D-printed MNs especially in the field of personalized and on-demand medical devices. This review provides an overview of considerations for the key parameters in designing MNs, an introduction on the various 3D-printing techniques for fabricating this new generation of MNs, as well as highlighting the advancements in biomedical applications facilitated by 3D-printed MNs. Lastly, we offer some insights into the future prospects of 3D-printed MNs, specifically its progress towards translation and entry into market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Min Loh
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Yun Jie Larissa Lim
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jin Ting Tay
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre (NSC), Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Yong Loo Ling School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kun Liang
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore
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9
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Limenh LW. Advances in the transdermal delivery of antiretroviral drugs. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121231223600. [PMID: 38249942 PMCID: PMC10798114 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231223600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy regimens are successful in stopping the advancement of human immunodeficiency virus infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and other opportunistic infections. However, they do have significant disadvantages, including long-term treatment, limited oral bioavailability, inaccessibility to organs, non-adherence by patients, and the development of medication resistance. Because of the listed drawbacks of available routes and the availability of curative medicines for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, advanced solutions are required. Antiretroviral therapy transdermal delivery is one of the current strategies that have attracted much attention from many researchers. In this narrative review, various in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo transdermal antiretroviral therapy delivery strategies were reviewed, such as transdermal patches and films, lipid-based nano-delivery systems, microneedles, chemical penetration enhancers, and iontophoresis, which showed promising results. Although the majority of studies on Antiretroviral transdermal delivery have produced hopeful findings, additional in-depth research on passive and physical enhancement techniques, both existing and new, is necessary to fully understand the potential of this route and to make it accessible to human immunodeficiency virus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liknaw Workie Limenh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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10
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Filho D, Guerrero M, Pariguana M, Marican A, Durán-Lara EF. Hydrogel-Based Microneedle as a Drug Delivery System. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2444. [PMID: 37896204 PMCID: PMC10609870 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is considered the largest and most accessible organ in the human body, and allows the use of noninvasive and efficient strategies for drug administration, such as the transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS). TDDSs are systems or patches, with the ability and purpose to deliver effective and therapeutic doses of drugs through the skin. Regarding the specific interaction between hydrogels (HG) and microneedles (MNs), we seek to find out how this combination would be applied in the context of drug delivery, and we detail some possible advantages of the methods used. Depending on the components belonging to the HG matrix, we can obtain some essential characteristics that make the combination of hydrogels-microneedles (HG-MNs) very advantageous, such as the response to external stimuli, among others. Based on multiple characteristics provided by HGMNs that are depicted in this work, it is possible to obtain unique properties that include controlled, sustained, and localized drug release, as well as the possibility of a synergistic association between the components of the formulation and the combination of more than one bioactive component. In conclusion, a system based on HG-MNs can offer many advantages in the biomedical field, bringing to light a new technological and safe system for improving the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs and new treatment perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Filho
- Laboratory of Bio & Nano Materials, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Marcelo Guerrero
- Laboratory of Bio & Nano Materials, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Manuel Pariguana
- Laboratory of Bio & Nano Materials, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Adolfo Marican
- Laboratory of Bio & Nano Materials, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute of Chemistry of Natural Research, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Esteban F Durán-Lara
- Laboratory of Bio & Nano Materials, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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11
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Vora LK, Sabri AH, Naser Y, Himawan A, Hutton ARJ, Anjani QK, Volpe-Zanutto F, Mishra D, Li M, Rodgers AM, Paredes AJ, Larrañeta E, Thakur RRS, Donnelly RF. Long-acting microneedle formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115055. [PMID: 37597586 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The minimally-invasive and painless nature of microneedle (MN) application has enabled the technology to obviate many issues with injectable drug delivery. MNs not only administer therapeutics directly into the dermal and ocular space, but they can also control the release profile of the active compound over a desired period. To enable prolonged delivery of payloads, various MN types have been proposed and evaluated, including dissolving MNs, polymeric MNs loaded or coated with nanoparticles, fast-separable MNs hollow MNs, and hydrogel MNs. These intricate yet intelligent delivery platforms provide an attractive approach to decrease side effects and administration frequency, thus offer the potential to increase patient compliance. In this review, MN formulations that are loaded with various therapeutics for long-acting delivery to address the clinical needs of a myriad of diseases are discussed. We also highlight the design aspects, such as polymer selection and MN geometry, in addition to computational and mathematical modeling of MNs that are necessary to help streamline and develop MNs with high translational value and clinical impact. Finally, up-scale manufacturing and regulatory hurdles along with potential avenues that require further research to bring MN technology to the market are carefully considered. It is hoped that this review will provide insight to formulators and clinicians that the judicious selection of materials in tandem with refined design may offer an elegant approach to achieve sustained delivery of payloads through the simple and painless application of a MN patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Yara Naser
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Achmad Himawan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Aaron R J Hutton
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Aoife M Rodgers
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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12
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Abu Ershaid JM, Vora LK, Volpe-Zanutto F, Sabri AH, Peng K, Anjani QK, McKenna PE, Ripolin A, Larrañeta E, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Microneedle array patches for sustained delivery of fluphenazine: A micron scale approach for the management of schizophrenia. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213526. [PMID: 37348183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe chronic mental illness characterised by impaired emotional and cognitive functioning. To treat this condition, antipsychotics are available in limited dosage forms, mainly oral and injectable formulations. Although injectable antipsychotics were designed to enhance adherence, they are invasive, painful and require a healthcare professional to be administered. To overcome such administration issues, extensive research has been focused on developing transdermal antipsychotic formulations. In this work, three microneedle (MN) systems were developed to deliver fluphenazine (FLU) systemically. A decanoic prodrug of FLU called fluphenazine decanoate (FLUD) was used in two of the MN formulations due to its high lipophilicity. FLU-D was loaded into dissolving MNs and nanoemulsion (NE)-loaded MNs. The parent drug FLU was loaded into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-tipped MNs. All MN systems were characterised and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo evaluation of the three developed MN systems showed their ability to deliver FLU into the systemic circulation, as the Cmax of FLU-D dissolving MNs was 36.11 ± 12.37 ng/ml. However, the Cmax of FLU-D NE loaded dissolving MNs was 12.92 ± 6.3 ng/ml and for FLU-PLGA tipped MNs was 21.57 ± 2.45 ng/ml. Compared to an intramuscular (IM) injection of FLU-D in sesame oil, the relative bioavailabilities were 26.96 %, 21.73 % and 42.45 % for FLU-D dissolving MNs, FLU-D NE dissolving MNs and FLU-PLGA tipped MNs, respectively. FLU plasma levels were maintained above the minimum human therapeutic limits for a week. Consequently, these various MN formulations are considered to be a viable options for the transdermal delivery of fluphenazine and its prodrug. The three MN systems developed offer patients a user-friendly, painless, and convenient long-acting delivery method for FLU. Reducing dosing frequency and using less invasive drug administration methods can enhance adherence and foster positive therapeutic outcomes. This study demonstrates the capability and adaptability of MNs technology to transport hydrophobic molecules from the skin to the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhaina M Abu Ershaid
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; School of Pharmacy, Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R. Cândido Portinari, 200 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-871, University of Campinas, Brazil
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita K Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Anastasia Ripolin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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13
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Verana G, Tijani AO, Puri A. Nanosuspension-based microneedle skin patch of baclofen for sustained management of multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123352. [PMID: 37647979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Baclofen (BAC) is the first-line recommendation to treat spasticity in people with multiple sclerosis whose treatment goals include improving mobility or easing pain. The short half-life of BAC calls for multiple daily dosing which may be eliminated by the development of a transdermal system. This study aimed to assess the effect of transdermal microneedle patches on improving the skin permeation of BAC. Nanosuspension-loaded microneedle patch containing BAC was fabricated and characterized. In vitro permeation of BAC across intact and microneedle-treated dermatomed porcine ear skin was evaluated. In vitro passive permeation of BAC solution after 72 h was observed to be 92.56 ± 11.24 µg/cm2. A near 9-fold enhancement was observed when employing the strategy of microneedle-mediated delivery of the solution. To increase drug loading, two strategies, nanosizing and microneedle-mediated delivery, were combined and permeation of BAC after 72 h resulted to be 1951.95 ± 82.01 µg/cm2 (p < 0.05). Microneedle-mediated transdermal delivery of BAC holds potential for sustained management of multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. Nanosizing of BAC particles facilitated higher drug loading in MN patches and an eventual increase in cumulative drug permeation from the patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Verana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Akeemat O Tijani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States
| | - Ashana Puri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States.
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14
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Ullah Nayan M, Sillman B, Hasan M, Deodhar S, Das S, Sultana A, Thai Hoang Le N, Soriano V, Edagwa B, Gendelman HE. Advances in long-acting slow effective release antiretroviral therapies for treatment and prevention of HIV infection. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115009. [PMID: 37451501 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Adherence to daily oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a barrier to both treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To overcome limitations of life-long daily regimen adherence, long-acting (LA) injectable antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, nanoformulations, implants, vaginal rings, microarray patches, and ultra-long-acting (ULA) prodrugs are now available or in development. These medicines enable persons who are or at risk for HIV infection to be treated with simplified ART regimens. First-generation LA cabotegravir, rilpivirine, and lenacapavir injectables and a dapivirine vaginal ring are now in use. However, each remains limited by existing dosing intervals, ease of administration, or difficulties in finding drug partners. ULA ART regimens provide an answer, but to date, such next-generation formulations remain in development. Establishing the niche will require affirmation of extended dosing, improved access, reduced injection volumes, improved pharmacokinetic profiles, selections of combination treatments, and synchronization of healthcare support. Based on such needs, this review highlights recent pharmacological advances and a future treatment perspective. While first-generation LA ARTs are available for HIV care, they remain far from ideal in meeting patient needs. ULA medicines, now in advanced preclinical development, may close gaps toward broader usage and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ullah Nayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Brady Sillman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Suyash Deodhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Srijanee Das
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Ashrafi Sultana
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Nam Thai Hoang Le
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | | | - Benson Edagwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA.
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA.
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15
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Magill E, Demartis S, Gavini E, Permana AD, Thakur RRS, Adrianto MF, Waite D, Glover K, Picco CJ, Korelidou A, Detamornrat U, Vora LK, Li L, Anjani QK, Donnelly RF, Domínguez-Robles J, Larrañeta E. Solid implantable devices for sustained drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114950. [PMID: 37295560 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS) are an attractive alternative to conventional drug administration routes. Oral and injectable drug administration are the most common routes for drug delivery providing peaks of drug concentrations in blood after administration followed by concentration decay after a few hours. Therefore, constant drug administration is required to keep drug levels within the therapeutic window of the drug. Moreover, oral drug delivery presents alternative challenges due to drug degradation within the gastrointestinal tract or first pass metabolism. IDDS can be used to provide sustained drug delivery for prolonged periods of time. The use of this type of systems is especially interesting for the treatment of chronic conditions where patient adherence to conventional treatments can be challenging. These systems are normally used for systemic drug delivery. However, IDDS can be used for localised administration to maximise the amount of drug delivered within the active site while reducing systemic exposure. This review will cover current applications of IDDS focusing on the materials used to prepare this type of systems and the main therapeutic areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Magill
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Sara Demartis
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Raghu Raj Singh Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Re-Vana Therapeutics, McClay Research Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Faris Adrianto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Re-Vana Therapeutics, McClay Research Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - David Waite
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Re-Vana Therapeutics, McClay Research Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Katie Glover
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Camila J Picco
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Anna Korelidou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Usanee Detamornrat
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Linlin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Megarezky, Jl. Antang Raya No. 43, Makassar 90234, Indonesia
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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16
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Lammerding LC, Breitkreutz J. Technical evaluation of precisely manufacturing customized microneedle array patches via inkjet drug printing. Int J Pharm 2023:123173. [PMID: 37369288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Dissolvable microneedle array patches offer the possibility to deliver active pharmaceutical ingredients bypassing the gastrointestinal tract by piercing the stratum corneum. Usually, microneedles are produced by micromolding but this often results in a waste of active pharmaceutical ingredient. In this study, inkjet printing was investigated as a manufacturing technology for dissolvable microneedle array patches. A suitable ink for the printing process was developed for lisinopril as a peptidomimetic model drug. The printing process was optimized. Povidone was found to be a promising polymer for the precise and smooth production of dissolvable microneedles. Different patterns of microneedles and blank spaces were successfully printed into one microneedle array patch. It was possible to exactly define the cavities to be filled. The amount of lisinopril was precisely adjusted between 95.14 and 99.26 % of the target dose. The applied method demonstrated the precise dosage opportunities of the inkjet printing methodology for customization and drug waste reduction. Inkjet printing could be used as a precise manufacturing method for personalized microneedle array patches as well as to combine incompatible drug substances in a single patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas C Lammerding
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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17
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Zhang C, Vora LK, Tekko IA, Volpe-Zanutto F, Peng K, Paredes AJ, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Development of dissolving microneedles for intradermal delivery of the long-acting antiretroviral drug bictegravir. Int J Pharm 2023; 642:123108. [PMID: 37301241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration and intramuscular (IM) injection are commonly recommended options for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment. However, poor patient compliance due to daily oral dosing, pain at injection sites and the demand for trained healthcare staff for injections limit the success of these administration routes, especially in low-resource settings. To overcome these limitations, for the first time, we propose novel bilayer dissolving microneedles (MNs) for the intradermal delivery of long-acting nanosuspensions of the antiretroviral (ARV) drug bictegravir (BIC) for potential HIV treatment and prevention. The BIC nanosuspensions were prepared using a wet media milling technique on a laboratory scale with a particle size of 358.99 ± 18.53 nm. The drug loading of nanosuspension-loaded MNs and BIC powder-loaded MNs were 1.87 mg/0.5 cm2 and 2.16 mg/0.5 cm2, respectively. Both dissolving MNs exhibited favorable mechanical and insertion ability in the human skin simulant Parafilm® M and excised neonatal porcine skin. Importantly, the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sprague Dawley rats demonstrated that dissolving MNs were able to intradermally deliver 31% of drug loading from nanosuspension-loaded MNs in the form of drug depots. After a single application, both coarse BIC and BIC nanosuspensions achieved sustained release, maintaining plasma concentrations above human therapeutic levels (162 ng/mL) in rats for 4 weeks. These minimally invasive and potentially self-administered MNs could improve patient compliance, providing a promising platform for the delivery of nanoformulated ARVs and resulting in prolonged drug release, particularly for patients in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn, Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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18
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Abbate MTA, Ramöller IK, Sabri AH, Paredes AJ, Hutton AJ, McKenna PE, Peng K, Hollett JA, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Formulation of antiretroviral nanocrystals and development into a microneedle delivery system for potential treatment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Int J Pharm 2023; 640:123005. [PMID: 37142137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health issue. While antiretroviral therapy is effective at reducing the viral load in the blood, up to 50% of those with HIV suffer from some degree of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier restricting drugs from crossing into the central nervous system and treating the viral reservoir there. One way to circumvent this is the nose-to-brain pathway. This pathway can also be accessed via a facial intradermal injection. Certain parameters can increase delivery via this route, including using nanoparticles with a positive zeta potential and an effective diameter of 200 nm or less. Microneedle arrays offer a minimally invasive, pain-free alternative to traditional hypodermic injections. This study shows the formulation of nanocrystals of both rilpivirine (RPV) and cabotegravir, followed by incorporation into separate microneedle delivery systems for application to either side of the face. Following an in vivo study in rats, delivery to the brain was seen for both drugs. For RPV, a Cmax was seen at 21 days of 619.17 ± 73.32 ng/g, above that of recognised plasma IC90 levels, and potentially therapeutically relevant levels were maintained for 28 days. For CAB, a Cmax was seen at 28 days of 478.31 ± 320.86 ng/g, and while below recognised 4IC90 levels, does indicate that therapeutically relevant levels could be achieved by manipulating final microaaray patch size in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco T A Abbate
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Inken K Ramöller
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | | | - Aaron J Hutton
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Jessica A Hollett
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
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19
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Zaid Alkilani A, Abo-Zour H, Basheer HA, Abu-Zour H, Donnelly RF. Development and Evaluation of an Innovative Approach Using Niosomes Based Polymeric Microneedles to Deliver Dual Antioxidant Drugs. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081962. [PMID: 37112106 PMCID: PMC10145612 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) and caffeine (CAFF) work to protect cells from ultraviolet (UV) radiation and slow down the photoaging process of the skin. However, cosmetic application of AA and CAFF is limited due to poor penetration across the skin and rapid oxidation of AA. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the dermal delivery of dual antioxidants utilizing microneedles (MNs) loaded with AA and CAFF niosomes. The niosomal nanovesicles were prepared using the thin film method and had particle sizes ranging from 130.6-411.2 nm and a negative Zeta potential of around -35 mV. The niosomal formulation was then combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) to create an aqueous polymer solution. The best skin deposition of AA and CAFF was achieved with the formulation containing 5% PEG 400 (M3) and PVP. Furthermore, the role of AA and CAFF as antioxidants in preventing cancer formation has been well-established. Here we validated the antioxidant properties of ascorbic acid (AA) and caffeine (CAFF) in a novel niosomal formulation referred to as M3 by testing its ability to prevent H2O2-indued cell damage and apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Results showed that M3 was able to shield MCF-7 cells from H2O2 induced damage at concentrations below 2.1 µg/mL for AA and 1.05 µg/mL for CAFF, and also exhibited anticancer effects at higher concentrations of 210 µg/mL for AA and 105 µg/mL. The formulations were stable for two months at room temperature in terms of moisture and drug content. The use of MNs and niosomal carriers could be a promising approach for dermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs like AA and CAFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Zaid Alkilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Hadeel Abo-Zour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Haneen A Basheer
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Hana Abu-Zour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
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Aly NSM, Matsumori H, Dinh TQ, Sato A, Miyoshi SI, Chang KS, Yu HS, Kim HS. Formulation and evaluation of the antimalarial N-89 as a transdermal drug candidate. Parasitol Int 2023; 93:102720. [PMID: 36516945 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new effective and safe antimalarial drugs is mandatory. In this report, we formulate and evaluate transdermal (td) 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro[7.11]nonadecane (N-89) using the Plasmodium berghei rodent malaria parasite in vivo model. The selected solvent for the ointment type of td N-89 was polyethylene glycol (PEG) [PEG400:PEG 4000 = 8:1 (v/w)]. We tested different application areas of 4, 6, and 8 cm2 on the shaved backs of mice. Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of N-89 parameters after a single 4 cm2 transdermal application revealed that the Tmax was 2 h, the T1/2 was 1.9 h, and the AUC was 1951.1 ng.h/mL. More than 10 ng/mL of plasma concentration was maintained for 12 h. The ED50 values for the 4, 6, and 8 cm2 application areas in a 4-day suppressive test were 18.9, 25.1, and 26.8 mg/kg, respectively. We additionally tested the cure effect of td N-89 in mice at a dose of 60 mg/kg, twice daily for 4 days at 0.2% parasitemia. Parasites disappeared following day 7 post-treatment in all td N-89 treated groups. Mice were cured without any parasite recurrence or dermal irritation. In conclusion, this study determined for the first time the PK parameters and effect of a new ointment type of td N-89. This suggests that transdermal treatment with N-89 is an effective and safe alternative route for the treatment of malaria, especially in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa S M Aly
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha13511, Egypt
| | - Hiroaki Matsumori
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Thi Quyen Dinh
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8530, Japan
| | - Shin-Ich Miyoshi
- Department of Sanitary Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kyung-Soo Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Kim
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Aly NSM, Matsumori H, Dinh TQ, Sato A, Miyoshi SI, Chang KS, Yu HS, Cao DT, Kim HS. Pioneer Use of Antimalarial Transdermal Combination Therapy in Rodent Malaria Model. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030398. [PMID: 36986320 PMCID: PMC10056811 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro [7.11]nonadecane (N-89) as a promising antimalarial compound. In this study, we evaluated the effect of transdermal therapy (tdt) of N-89 in combination (tdct) with other antimalarials as an application for children. We prepared ointment formulas containing N-89 plus another antimalarial drug, specifically, mefloquine, pyrimethamine, or chloroquine. In a 4-day suppressive test, the ED50 values for N-89 alone or combined with either mefloquine, pyrimethamine, or chloroquine were 18, 3, 0.1, and 3 mg/kg, respectively. Interaction assays revealed that N-89 combination therapy showed a synergistic effect with mefloquine and pyrimethamine, but chloroquine provoked an antagonistic effect. Antimalarial activity and cure effect were compared for single-drug application and combination therapy. Low doses of tdct N-89 (35 mg/kg) combined with mefloquine (4 mg/kg) or pyrimethamine (1 mg/kg) gave an antimalarial effect but not a cure effect. In contrast, with high doses of N-89 (60 mg/kg) combined with mefloquine (8 mg/kg) or pyrimethamine (1 mg/kg), parasites disappeared on day 4 of treatment, and mice were completely cured without any parasite recurrence. Our results indicated that transdermal N-89 with mefloquine and pyrimethamine provides a promising antimalarial form for application to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa S. M. Aly
- Division of International Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Hiroaki Matsumori
- Division of International Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Thi Quyen Dinh
- Division of International Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Division of International Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8530, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyoshi
- Department of Sanitary Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama City 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kyung-Soo Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Tuan Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai phong, Vietnam
| | - Hye-Sook Kim
- Division of International Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-251-7975
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22
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Microneedles as a momentous platform for psoriasis therapy and diagnosis: A state-of-the-art review. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122591. [PMID: 36626973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune, and non-communicable skin disease with a worldwide prevalence rate of 2-3%, creating an economic burden on global health. Some significant risk factors associated with psoriasis include genetic predisposition, pathogens, stress, medications, etc. In addition, most patients with psoriasis should also deal with comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and psychological conditions, including suicidal thoughts. Based on its severity, the treatment approach for psoriasis is categorised into three types, i.e., topical therapy, systemic therapy, and phototherapy. Topical therapy for mild-to-moderate psoriasis faces several issues, such as poor skin permeability, low skin retention of drug formulation, greasy texture of topical vehicle, lack of controlled release, and so on. On the other arrow, systemic therapy via an oral or parenteral route of drug administration involves numerous drawbacks, including first-pass hepatic metabolism, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, needle pain and phobia, and requirement of healthcare professional to administer the drug. To overcome these limitations, researchers devised a microneedle-based drug delivery system for treating mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe psoriasis. A single microneedle system can deliver the anti-psoriatic drugs either locally (topical) or systemically (transdermal) by adjusting the needle height without involving any pain. In this contemplate, the current review provides concise information on the pathophysiology, risk factors, and comorbidities of psoriasis, followed by their current treatment approaches and limitations. Further, it meticulously discusses the potential of microneedles in psoriasis therapy and diagnosis, along with descriptions of their patents and clinical trials.
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Mechanistic modeling-guided optimization of microneedle-based skin patch for rapid transdermal delivery of naloxone for opioid overdose treatment. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:320-338. [PMID: 35879533 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01202-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Naloxone, an FDA-approved opioid inhibitor, used to reverse opioid overdose complications has up till date faced challenges associated with its delivery. Limitations include the use of invasive delivery forms and the need for frequent redosing due to its short half-life. The goal of the current study was to design a transdermal rapidly dissolving polymeric microneedle (MN) patch with delivery and pharmacokinetic properties comparable to that seen with the commercially available NAL products, eliminating their delivery limitations. Patches of varying dimensions (500 µm; 100 array,800 µm; 100array, and 600 µm; 225 array) were fabricated to evaluate the effect of increasing MN length, and density (no. of needles/unit area) on drug release. Drug dose in each of these patches was 17.89 ± 0.23 mg, 17.2 ± 0.77 mg, and 17.8 ± 1.01 mg, respectively. Furthermore, the insertion efficiency of each of the MN patches was 94 ± 4.8%, 90.6 ± 1.69%, and 96 ± 1.29%, respectively. Compared to passive permeation, a reduced lag time of about 5-15 min was observed with a significant drug flux of 15.09 ± 7.68 g[Formula: see text]/cm2/h seen in the first 1 h (p < 0.05) with the array of 100 needles (500 µm long). Over 24 h, a four and ten-fold increase in permeation was seen with the longer length and larger density MN patch, respectively, when compared to the 500 µm (100 array) patch. Model simulations and analyses revealed the significance of needle base diameter and needle count in improving systemic pharmacokinetics of NAL.
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Faizi HS, Vora LK, Nasiri MI, Wu Y, Mishra D, Anjani QK, Paredes AJ, Thakur RRS, Minhas MU, Donnelly RF. Deferasirox Nanosuspension Loaded Dissolving Microneedles for Intradermal Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122817. [PMID: 36559310 PMCID: PMC9784557 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedles are minimally invasive systems that can deliver drugs intradermally without pain and bleeding and can advantageously replace the hypodermal needles and oral routes of delivery. Deferasirox (DFS) is an iron chelator employed in several ailments where iron overload plays an important role in disease manifestation. In this study, DFS was formulated into a nanosuspension (NSs) through wet media milling employing PVA as a stabilizer and successfully loaded in polymeric dissolving microneedles (DMNs). The release studies for DFS-NS clearly showed a threefold increased dissolution rate compared to pure DFS. The mechanical characterization of DFS-NS-DMNs revealed that the system was sufficiently strong for efficacious skin penetration. Optical coherence tomography images confirmed an insertion of up to 378 µm into full-thickness porcine skin layers. The skin deposition studies showed 60% drug deposition from NS-DMN, which was much higher than from the DFS-NS transdermal patch (DFS-NS-TP) (without needles) or pure DFS-DMNs. Moreover, DFS-NS without DMNs did not deposit well inside the skin, indicating that DMNs played an important role in effectively delivering drugs inside the skin. Therefore, it is evident from the findings that loading DFS-NS into novel DMN devices can effectively deliver DFS transdermally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Shahid Faizi
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K. Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Nasiri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J. Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Raghu Raj Singh Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Usman Minhas
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.U.M.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Correspondence: (M.U.M.); (R.F.D.)
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Prabahar K, Udhumansha U, Elsherbiny N, Qushawy M. Microneedle mediated transdermal delivery of β-sitosterol loaded nanostructured lipid nanoparticles for androgenic alopecia. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3022-3034. [PMID: 36110028 PMCID: PMC10003132 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2120927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived 5 α-reductase inhibitors, such as β-sitosterol and phytosterol glycosides, have been used to treat androgenic alopecia, but their oral absolute bioavailability is poor. This study aimed to develop a transdermal drug delivery system of β-sitosterol (BS) using a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) incorporated into polymeric microneedles (MN). Using a high-speed homogenization method, NLC was formulated variables were optimized by Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimized formulation of BS-loaded NLCs was incorporated into the chitosan-based MNs to prepare NLC-loaded polymeric MNs (NLC-MNs) and evaluated using testosterone induced alopecia rats. The cumulative amount of β-sitosterol associated with NLC- MN which penetrated the rat skin in-vitro was 3612.27 ± 120.81 μg/cm2, while from the NLC preparation was 2402.35 ± 162.5 μg/cm2. The steady state flux (Jss) of NLC-MN was significantly higher than that of the optimized NLC formulation (P < 0.05). Anagen/telogen ratio was significantly affected by NLC and NLC-MN, which was 2.22 ± 0.34, 1.24 ± 0.18 respectively compared to 0.26 ± 0.08 for animal group treated with testosterone. The reversal of androgen-induced hair loss in animals treated with β-sitosterol was a sign of hair follicle dominance in the anagenic growth phase. However, NLC-MN delivery system has shown significant enhancement of hair growth in rats. From these experimental data, it can be concluded that NLC incorporated MN transdermal system have potential in effective treatment of androgenic alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Nehal Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona Qushawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Alarish, North Sinai, Egypt
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26
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Preface. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022. [PMID: 36113704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Karim Z, Karwa P, Hiremath SRR. Polymeric microneedles for transdermal drug delivery- a review of recent studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Rojekar S, Abadi LF, Pai R, Prajapati MK, Kulkarni S, Vavia PR. Mannose-Anchored Nano-Selenium Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers of Etravirine for Delivery to HIV Reservoirs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:230. [PMID: 35978154 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aims to develop and explore mannosylated lipid-based carriers to deliver an anti-HIV drug, Etravirine (TMC) and Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), to the HIV reservoirs via the mannose receptor. The successful mannosylation was evaluated by the change in zeta potential and lectin binding assay using fluorescence microscopy. Electron microscopy and scattering studies were employed to study the structure and surface of the nanocarrier system. The presence of selenium at the core-shell of the nanocarrier system was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Further, the in vitro anti-HIV1 efficacy was assessed using HIV1 infected TZM-bl cells followed by in vivo biodistribution studies to evaluate distribution to various reservoirs of HIV. The results exhibited higher effectiveness and a significant increase in the therapeutic index as against the plain drug. The confocal microscopy and flow cytometry studies exhibited the efficient uptake of the coumarin-6 tagged respective formulations. The protective effect of nano selenium toward oxidative stress was evaluated in rats, demonstrating the potential of the lipidic nanoparticle-containing selenium in mitigating oxidative stress in all the major organs. The in vivo biodistribution assessment in rats showed a 12.44, 8.05 and 9.83-fold improvement in the brain, ovary, and lymph node biodistribution, respectively as compared with plain TMC. Delivery of such a combination via mannosylated nanostructured lipid carriers could be an efficient approach for delivering drugs to reservoirs of HIV while simultaneously reducing the oxidative stress induced by such long-term therapies by co-loading Nano-Selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Leila Fotooh Abadi
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, 411 026, India
| | - Rohan Pai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400 056, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Smita Kulkarni
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, 411 026, India
| | - Pradeep R Vavia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400 019, India.
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Pardeshi S, Damiri F, Zehravi M, Joshi R, Kapare H, Prajapati MK, Munot N, Berrada M, Giram PS, Rojekar S, Ali F, Rahman MH, Barai HR. Functional Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Molecule to Material Design for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153126. [PMID: 35956641 PMCID: PMC9371082 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature-induced, rapid changes in the viscosity and reproducible 3-D structure formation makes thermos-sensitive hydrogels an ideal delivery system to act as a cell scaffold or a drug reservoir. Moreover, the hydrogels’ minimum invasiveness, high biocompatibility, and facile elimination from the body have gathered a lot of attention from researchers. This review article attempts to present a complete picture of the exhaustive arena, including the synthesis, mechanism, and biomedical applications of thermosensitive hydrogels. A special section on intellectual property and marketed products tries to shed some light on the commercial potential of thermosensitive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Pardeshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University Institute of Chemical Technology, KBC North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon 425001, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Fouad Damiri
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco; (F.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University Alkharj, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Precision Nanosystems Inc., Vancouver, BC V6P 6T7, Canada;
| | - Harshad Kapare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune 41118, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Mahendra Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Neha Munot
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Pune 411048, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Mohammed Berrada
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco; (F.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Prabhanjan S. Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune 41118, Maharashtra, India;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
- Correspondence: (P.S.G.); (S.R.); (H.R.B.)
| | - Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (P.S.G.); (S.R.); (H.R.B.)
| | - Faraat Ali
- Laboratory Services, Department of Licensing and Enforcement, Botswana Medicines Regulatory Authority (BoMRA), Gaborone 999106, Botswana;
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Hasi Rani Barai
- School of Mechanical and IT Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (P.S.G.); (S.R.); (H.R.B.)
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Fotooh Abadi L, Damiri F, Zehravi M, Joshi R, Pai R, Berrada M, Massoud EES, Rahman MH, Rojekar S, Cavalu S. Novel Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Targeting HIV Reservoirs. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153090. [PMID: 35956604 PMCID: PMC9370744 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is prescribed for HIV infection and, to a certain extent, limits the infection’s spread. However, it cannot completely eradicate the latent virus in remote and cellular reservoir areas, and due to the complex nature of the infection, the total eradication of HIV is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, monotherapy and multiple therapies are not of much help. Hence, there is a dire need for novel drug delivery strategies that may improve efficacy, decrease side effects, reduce dosing frequency, and improve patient adherence to therapy. Such a novel strategy could help to target the reservoir sites and eradicate HIV from different biological sanctuaries. In the current review, we have described HIV pathogenesis, the mechanism of HIV replication, and different biological reservoir sites to better understand the underlying mechanisms of HIV spread. Further, the review deliberates on the challenges faced by the current conventional drug delivery systems and introduces some novel drug delivery strategies that have been explored to overcome conventional drug delivery limitations. In addition, the review also summarizes several nanotechnology-based approaches that are being explored to resolve the challenges of HIV treatment by the virtue of delivering a variety of anti-HIV agents, either as combination therapies or by actively targeting HIV reservoir sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Fotooh Abadi
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Fouad Damiri
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco;
- Correspondence: (F.D.); (S.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Precision NanoSystem Inc., Vancouver, BC V6P 6T7, Canada;
| | - Rohan Pai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Mohammed Berrada
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco;
| | - Ehab El Sayed Massoud
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Dahran Aljnoub, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Agriculture Research Centre, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza 3725004, Egypt
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (F.D.); (S.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (F.D.); (S.R.); (S.C.)
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Abd-El-Azim H, Tekko IA, Ali A, Ramadan A, Nafee N, Khalafallah N, Rahman T, Mcdaid W, Aly RG, Vora LK, Bell SJ, Furlong F, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Hollow microneedle assisted intradermal delivery of hypericin lipid nanocapsules with light enabled photodynamic therapy against skin cancer. J Control Release 2022; 348:849-869. [PMID: 35728715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) to manage non-melanoma skin cancers has garnered great attention over the past few years. Hypericin (Hy) is a potent lipid-soluble photosensitiser with promising anticancer therapeutic activities. Nevertheless, its poor water-solubility, aggregation in biological systems and insufficient skin penetration restricted its effective exploitation. Herein, we report for the first-time encapsulation of Hy into lipid nanocapsules (Hy-LNCs), and then application of an AdminPen™ hollow microneedles (Ho-MNs) array and an in-house fabricated Ho-MN to enable efficient intradermal delivery. The physicochemical properties, photoactivity, ex vivo drug distribution and cellular uptake were evaluated. Results showed that Hy-LNCs were successfully formed with a particle size of 47.76 ± 0.49 nm, PDI of 0.12 ± 0.02, high encapsulation efficiency (99.67% ± 0.35), 396 fold higher photoactivity, 7 fold higher skin drug deposition, significantly greater cellular uptake and higher photocytotoxicity compared to free Hy. The therapeutic effect of Hy-LNCs was finally assessed in vivo using a nude mouse model with transplanted tumours. Interestingly, Hy-LNCs delivered by Ho-MN exhibited remarkable anti-tumour destruction (85.84%) after irradiation with 595 nm. This study showed that Ho-MNs-driven delivery of Hy-LNCs followed by irradiation could form a promising minimally invasive, effective and site-specific approach for managing non-melanoma skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Abd-El-Azim
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, El Beheira, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Ahlam Ali
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alyaa Ramadan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha Nafee
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Taifur Rahman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - William Mcdaid
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Rania G Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Steven J Bell
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Fiona Furlong
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Volpe-Zanutto F, Vora LK, Tekko IA, McKenna PE, Permana AD, Sabri AH, Anjani QK, McCarthy HO, Paredes AJ, Donnelly RF. Hydrogel-forming microarray patches with cyclodextrin drug reservoirs for long-acting delivery of poorly soluble cabotegravir sodium for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. J Control Release 2022; 348:771-785. [PMID: 35738464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel-forming microarray patches (HF-MAPs) offer minimally invasive, pain-free and prolonged drug delivery. These devices are designed to be self-administered and self-disabling, avoiding contaminated sharps waste generation. Cabotegravir sodium (CAB-Na) is a poorly soluble anti- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug for the treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV infection that lends itself to depot formation following intradermal delivery but presents significant challenges when delivered via HF-MAPs, whose nature is aqueous. Herein, we have investigated, for the first time, the use of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) to enhance the solubility of CAB-Na, and its effect on intradermal delivery via HF-MAPs. Accordingly, tablet reservoirs containing CAB-Na and HP-β-CD were formulated. These novel reservoirs were combined with two different HF-MAP formulations (MAP1 (Gantrez S97® + poly (ethylene glycol) 10,000 + Na2CO3) and MAP2 (poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) 58 kDa + poly (vinyl alcohol) 85-120 kDa + citric acid)) to form fully integrated MAP devices which were tested in both ex vivo and in vivo settings. Ex vivo skin deposition results for MAP1 and MAP2 showed that 141 ± 40 μg and 342 ± 34 μg of CAB-Na was deposited into 0.5 cm2 of excised neonatal porcine skin after 24 h, respectively. Based on these findings, the in vivo pharmacokinetics of MAP2 were investigated over 28 days using a Sprague-Dawley rat model. After 24 h patch application, MAP2 demonstrated an extended drug release profile and an observed Cmax of 53.4 ± 10.16 μg/mL, superior to that of an FDA-approved CAB-nanosuspension administered via intramuscular application (Cmax of 43.6 ± 5.3 μg/mL). Consequently, this tablet integrated MAP device is considered to be a viable option for the intradermal delivery of hydrophobic anti-HIV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R. Cândido Portinari, 200 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-871, University of Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Syria
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita K Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Rapidly dissolving bilayer microneedles enabling minimally invasive and efficient protein delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022:10.1007/s13346-022-01190-x. [PMID: 35713782 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of proteins that neutralise vascular endothelial growth factors, such as pegaptanib, ranibizumab and aflibercept, can inhibit the process of angiogenesis, thereby restoring eyesight in individuals with retinal vascular disorders. However, due to the posterior location and chronic nature of retinal diseases, a safe and effective intraocular protein delivery system is currently lacking. Thus, dissolving bilayer microneedles (MNs) with the potential to deliver proteins to the back of the eye in an efficient and minimally invasive manner were developed in this study. A model protein, ovalbumin (OVA), was incorporated into MNs fabricated from different polymers, including hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Optimised PVA/PVP MNs were demonstrated to be robust enough to pierce porcine sclera with > 75% of the needle length penetrating the sclera and dissolving within 150 s. SDS-PAGE and OVA-specific ELISA revealed that the bioactivity of the model protein was maintained during the manufacture of MNs. In hen's egg-chorioallantoic membrane test, MNs fabricated from all chosen polymers were classified as non-irritants. Furthermore, ex vivo permeation studies showed that optimised MNs could permeate 86.99 ± 7.37% of OVA through the sclera, twice that of the needle-free patch (42.16 ± 3.95%), highlighting the capability of MNs to circumvent physical barriers and promote protein delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. In this work, a novel, efficient and safe intraocular protein delivery system was successfully established.
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Wu Y, Vora LK, Mishra D, Adrianto MF, Gade S, Paredes AJ, Donnelly RF, Singh TRR. Nanosuspension-loaded dissolving bilayer microneedles for hydrophobic drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 137:212767. [PMID: 35929230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intravitreal injections (IVT) are regarded as the gold standard for effective delivery of hydrophobic drugs to the back of the eye. However, as a highly invasive procedure, the injection itself may lead to poor patient compliance and severe complications. In this research work, a hybrid system of nanosuspensions (NS) and dissolving microneedles (MNs) was developed as an alternative to conventional hypodermic needles used in IVT for minimally invasive transscleral delivery of hydrophobic drugs. NS of a hydrophobic drug, triamcinolone acetonide (TA), were fabricated using a wet milling technique. TA NS optimised by central composite factorial design had a proven diameter of 246.65 ± 8.55 nm. After optimisation, TA NS were incorporated into MN arrays to form a bilayer structure by high-speed centrifugation. TA NS-loaded MNs were robust enough to pierce excised porcine sclera with insertion depth higher than 80% of the needle height and showed rapid dissolution (<3 min). In contrast, the plain TA-loaded MNs exhibited poor mechanical and insertion performances and took more than 8 min to be fully dissolved in the scleral tissue. Importantly, transscleral deposition studies showed that 56.46 ± 7.76 μg/mm2 of TA was deposited into the sclera after 5 min of NS-loaded MN application, which was 4.5-fold higher than plain drug-loaded MNs (12.56 ± 2.59 μg/mm2). An ex vivo distribution study revealed that MN arrays could promote the transscleral penetration of hydrophobic molecules with higher drug concentrations observed in the deep layer of the sclera. Moreover, the developed TA NS-loaded MN array was biocompatible with ocular tissues, as demonstrated using the hens egg-chorioallantoic membrane assay and cytotoxicity test. The results presented here demonstrate that the hybrid system of NS and dissolving MNs can provide a novel and promising technology to alleviate retinal diseases in a therapeutically effective and minimally invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Muhammad Faris Adrianto
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
| | - Shilpkala Gade
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Thakur Raghu Raj Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Kulkarni D, Damiri F, Rojekar S, Zehravi M, Ramproshad S, Dhoke D, Musale S, Mulani AA, Modak P, Paradhi R, Vitore J, Rahman MH, Berrada M, Giram PS, Cavalu S. Recent Advancements in Microneedle Technology for Multifaceted Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051097. [PMID: 35631683 PMCID: PMC9144002 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microneedle (MNs) technology is a recent advancement in biomedical science across the globe. The current limitations of drug delivery, like poor absorption, low bioavailability, inadequate skin permeation, and poor biodistribution, can be overcome by MN-based drug delivery. Nanotechnology made significant changes in fabrication techniques for microneedles (MNs) and design shifted from conventional to novel, using various types of natural and synthetic materials and their combinations. Nowadays, MNs technology has gained popularity worldwide in biomedical research and drug delivery technology due to its multifaceted and broad-spectrum applications. This review broadly discusses MN’s types, fabrication methods, composition, characterization, applications, recent advancements, and global intellectual scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Srinath College of Pharmacy, Bajajnagar, Aurangabad 431136, India;
| | - Fouad Damiri
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco; (F.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India;
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarker Ramproshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Ranada Prasad Shaha University, Narayanganj 1400, Bangladesh;
| | - Dipali Dhoke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, India;
| | - Shubham Musale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India; (S.M.); (A.A.M.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Ashiya A. Mulani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India; (S.M.); (A.A.M.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Pranav Modak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India; (S.M.); (A.A.M.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Roshani Paradhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India; (S.M.); (A.A.M.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Jyotsna Vitore
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad 160062, India;
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.H.R.); (P.S.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Mohammed Berrada
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco; (F.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Prabhanjan S. Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India; (S.M.); (A.A.M.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.R.); (P.S.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.H.R.); (P.S.G.); (S.C.)
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Ranjan Yadav P, Iqbal Nasiri M, Vora LK, Larrañeta E, Donnelly RF, Pattanayek SK, Bhusan Das D. Super-swelling Hydrogel-forming Microneedle based Transdermal Drug Delivery: Mathematical Modelling, Simulation and Experimental Validation. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121835. [PMID: 35597393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Super-swelling hydrogel-forming microneedles (HFMNs) based transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is gaining significant interest due to their non-invasiveness and ability to deliver a wide range of drugs. The HFMNs swell by imbibing interstitial skin fluid (ISF), and they facilitate drug transport from the reservoir attached at the base into the skin without polymer dissolution. To develop HFMNs for practical applications, a complete understanding of the drug transport mechanism is required, allowing for controlled TDD and geometrical optimisation. A three-phase system consisting of a reservoir, microneedle, and skin is considered. A mathematical model is developed to incorporate the drug binding within the matrix of the compartment, which was not considered earlier. Super-swelling nature of the HFMNs is incorporated through the swelling ratio obtained experimentally for a polymer. The results are validated with in vitro diffusion studies of ibuprofen sodium (IBU) across excised porcine skin, showing that around 20% of the loaded IBU in lyophilised wafer was delivered in 24 hours. It was observed that increasing IBU solubility in reservoir can achieve high drug transport across the skin. The developed model is shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data. It is concluded that the proposed model can be considered a tool with predictive design and development of super-swelling HFMNs based TDD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Ranjan Yadav
- Chemical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Nasiri
- Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, 44000 Pakistan; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sudip K Pattanayek
- Chemical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Diganta Bhusan Das
- Chemical Engineering Department, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
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Wang R, Jiang G, Aharodnikau UE, Yunusov K, Sun Y, Liu T, Solomevich SO. Recent advances in polymer microneedles for drug transdermal delivery: Design strategies and applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200037. [PMID: 35286762 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the transdermal drug delivery based on microneedles (MNs) technology has received extensive attention, which offers a safer and painless alternative to hypodermic needle injection. They can pierce the stratum corneum and deliver drugs to the epidermis and dermis-structures of skin, showing prominent properties such as minimally invasive, bypassing first-pass metabolism, and self-administered. A range of materials have been used to fabricate MNs, such as silicon, metal, glass, and polymers. Among them, polymer MNs have gained increasing attention from pharmaceutical and cosmetic companies as one of the promising drug delivery methods. Microneedle products have recently become available on the market, and some of them are under evaluation for efficacy and safety. This paper focuses on current state of polymer MNs in the drug transdermal delivery. The materials and methods for the fabrication of polymer MNs and their drug administration are described. The recent progresses of polymer MNs for treatment of cancer, vaccine delivery, blood glucose regulation, androgenetic alopecia, obesity, tissue healing, myocardial infarction and gout are reviewed. The challenges of MNs technology are summarized and the future development trend of MNs is also prospected. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Khaydar Yunusov
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sergey O Solomevich
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Design and fabrication of r-hirudin loaded dissolving microneedle patch for minimally invasive and long-term treatment of thromboembolic disease. Asian J Pharm Sci 2022; 17:284-297. [PMID: 35582638 PMCID: PMC9091604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of global mortality, with anticoagulant therapy being the main prevention and treatment strategy. Recombinant hirudin (r-hirudin) is a direct thrombin inhibitor that can potentially prevent thrombosis via subcutaneous (SC) and intravenous (IV) administration, but there is a risk of haemorrhage via SC and IV. Thus, microneedle (MN) provides painless and sanitary alternatives to syringes and oral administration. However, the current technological process for the micro mould is complicated and expensive. The micro mould obtained via three-dimensional (3D) printing is expected to save time and cost, as well as provide a diverse range of MNs. Therefore, we explored a method for MNs array model production based on 3D printing and translate it to micro mould that can be used for fabrication of dissolving MNs patch. The results show that r-hirudin-loaded and hyaluronic acid (HA)-based MNs can achieve transdermal drug delivery and exhibit significant potential in the prevention of thromboembolic disease without bleeding in animal models. These results indicate that based on 3D printing technology, MNs combined with r-hirudin are expected to achieve diverse customizable MNs and thus realize personalized transdermal anticoagulant delivery for minimally invasive and long-term treatment of thrombotic disease.
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Bletilla striata polysaccharide microneedle for effective transdermal administration of model protein antigen. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:511-519. [PMID: 35217076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Traditional vaccination relies on subcutaneous injection or intramuscular injection, which requires professional medical personnel and is accompanied by the risk of needle-related diseases and injuries. Therefore, to promote immunization coverage and reduce costs, it is necessary to provide a new method of vaccine administration. Dissolving microneedle (DMN) has been proposed as an alternative to hypodermic needles, providing prospects for self-inoculation and increasing immunogenicity by directly targeting skin dendritic cells. This study reported the successful preparation and characterization of Bletilla striata polysaccharide microneedles (BMNs) and investigated the potential of this natural material-based DMN as a vaccine carrier. The prepared BMNs exhibited more excellent mechanical properties and stability compared with microneedles made of hyaluronic acid and polyvinyl alcohol. BMNs had good cell compatibility, low bacterial skin permeability, slight irritation to the skin, and no infection or inflammation in the body. In addition, as shown by circular dichroism, the molecular structure of the antigen ovalbumin (OVA) loaded in BMN did not change during storage for 21 days. The Franz diffusion cell experiment showed 76.74% of OVA was released to the skin within 3 h. These encouraging findings indicate that the BMNs can be a promising tool for effective vaccine delivery.
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Systemic delivery of tenofovir alafenamide using dissolving and implantable microneedle patches. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100217. [PMID: 35243292 PMCID: PMC8858997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a global health concern, with 37.7 million people currently living with the infection and 1.5 million new cases every year. Current antiretroviral (ARV) therapies are administered through the oral route daily, often in lifelong treatments, leading to pill fatigue and poor treatment adherence. Therefore, the development of novel formulations for the administration ARV drugs using alternative routes is actively sought out. In this sense, microneedle array patches (MAPs) offer a unique user-centric platform that can be painlessly self-applied to the skin and deliver drugs to the systemic circulation. In this work, dissolving and implantable MAPs loaded with the tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) were developed with the aim of releasing the drug systemically. Both MAPs were sufficiently strong to pierce excised neonatal full-thickness porcine skin and form drug depots. In vitro release experiments performed in dialysis membrane models, demonstrated a relatively fast delivery of the drug in all cases. Franz cells experiments revealed that dissolving and implantable MAPs deposited 47.87 ± 16.33 μg and 1208.04 ± 417.9 μg of TAF in the skin after 24 h. Pharmacokinetic experiments in rats demonstrated a fast metabolization of TAF into tenofovir, with a rapid elimination of the metabolite from the plasma. The MAPs described in this work could be used as an alternative to current oral treatments for HIV management. HIV is still a global concern, with 38 million people currently living with the infection. ARV therapy can prevent HIV spread and extend life expectancy in infected people. MAPs constitute an attractive platform for the delivery of antiretroviral drugs including TAF. Dissolving and implantable TAF MAPs were obtained and characterised in vitro and ex vivo. Both MAPs were able to deliver TAF systemically in rats.
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Li M, Vora LK, Peng K, Donnelly RF. Trilayer microneedle array assisted transdermal and intradermal delivery of dexamethasone. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121295. [PMID: 34785356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone is a synthesised glucocorticoid that is widely used in the treatment of various inflammatory skin conditions. Novel trilayer dissolving microneedle arrays were manufactured to assist dexamethasone delivery via the skin. Both transdermal delivery and intradermal delivery of dexamethasone can be achieved this way. Additionally, we proposed a novel strategy of co-formulating dexamethasone and its pro-drug dexamethasone sodium phosphate into the same dissolving microneedle array, with a view to achieving a fast onset of action and also sustained treatment. Here, a 3D-printing technique was employed, for the first time, to fabricate a baseplate for these microneedle arrays. The 3D-printed baseplates provided strong support to aid the insertion of the drug-encapsulated tips. A simple and rapid HPLC method was developed, and validated, to separate and quantify dexamethasone and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the same sample. Ex-vivo studies found that these trilayer dissolving microneedle arrays could achieve a delivery efficiency of over 40% in intradermal delivery and over 50% in transdermal delivery. Trilayer microneedle-assisted delivery of this glucocorticoid provided a promising alternative to oral and parenteral routes of dexamethasone administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Altuntaş E, Tekko IA, Vora LK, Kumar N, Brodsky R, Chevallier O, McAlister E, Kurnia Anjani Q, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Nestorone nanosuspension-loaded dissolving microneedles array patch: A promising novel approach for "on-demand" hormonal female-controlled peritcoital contraception. Int J Pharm 2021; 614:121422. [PMID: 34958899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
"On demand" hormonal female-controlled pericoital contraception is one strategy which could be used to minimize the impact of unintended pregnancy. Nestorone (NES) is a potent contraceptive, with relatively few side effects in comparison with other contraceptives. NES presents an attractive option for "on demand" pericoital contraceptive. Unfortunately, the drug is inactive if taken orally, but it has high progestational activity and antiovulatory potency if administered parenterally. Current drug delivery systems, such as a transdermal hydrogel are not so satisfactory. Dissolving microneedles array (DMNs) are an attractive alternative, minimally-invasive, delivery system. In this study, we report, for the first time, development of tip-loaded NES-nanosuspension (NES-NS)-loaded bilayer DMNs to deliver NES intradermally for subsequent release. NES-NS was prepared and optimised, freeze-dried and then used to fabricate DMNs using a blend of two biocompatible polymers, namely poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). Both NES-NS and the NES-NS-loaded DMNs were fully characterised and the performance of the DMNs was evaluated in vivo using Sprague Dawley rats. Results showed that the finalised NES-NS had particle size and PDI values of 666.06 ± 1.86 nm and 0.183 ± 0.01, respectively. The NES-NS-DMNs had relatively high tips-localised drug loading (approximately 2.26 ± 1.98 mg/array) and exhibited satisfactory mechanical and insertion properties. In Sprague Dawley rats, DMNs delivered NES into the skin, with the drug then appearing in blood and rapidly reaching its maximum concentration (Cmax of 32.68 ± 14.06 ng/mL) within 1h post-DMNs application. Plasma levels above 3.4 ng/mL were maintained for 2 days. This suggests that DMNs are a promising drug delivery system that could be used to deliver NES as an "On demand" hormonal female-controlled pericoital contraceptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Altuntaş
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34416, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Narender Kumar
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Brodsky
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Chevallier
- Avignon Université, Campus Jean-Henri Fabre, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza BP 21239, 84911 Avignon cedex 9, France; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Science, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Emma McAlister
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Nasiri MI, Vora LK, Ershaid JA, Peng K, Tekko IA, Donnelly RF. Nanoemulsion-based dissolving microneedle arrays for enhanced intradermal and transdermal delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:881-896. [PMID: 34939170 PMCID: PMC8694761 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of dissolving microneedles (DMN) is one of the advanced technologies in transdermal drug delivery systems, which precisely deliver the drugs through a rapid dissolution of polymers after insertion into the skin. In this study, we fabricated nanoemulsion-loaded dissolving microneedle (DMN) arrays for intradermal and transdermal drug delivery. For this task, model drug (amphotericin B, AmB)-loaded nanoemulsion (NE) were prepared by the probe-sonication method. AmB-loaded-NE was prepared using Capmul MCM C-8 EP/NF, Tween® 80, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-10 kDa), and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP-360 kDa or K29/32) by using SpeedMixer™, followed by probe-sonication and evaluated for particle size and polydispersity index (PDI). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also used to assess the particle size before and after DMN casting. AmB-NE embedded DMN arrays were found to be strong enough, revealed efficient skin insertion, and penetrated down to the fourth layer (depth ≈ 508 μm) of Parafilm M® (validated skin model). Ex vivo skin deposition experiments in full-thickness neonatal porcine demonstrated that after 24 h, AmB-NE-DMN arrays were able to deposit 111.05 ± 48.4 µg/patch AmB into the skin. At the same time, transdermal porcine skin permeation studies showed significantly higher permeability of AmB (29.60 ± 8.23 μg/patch) from AmB-NE-DMN compared to MN-free AmB-NE patches (5.0 ± 6.15 μg/patch) over 24 h. Antifungal studies of optimized AmB-NE-DMN, AmB-loaded discs and drug-free DMN against Candida albicans, confirmed the synergistic activity of Campul-MCM C-8, used in the nanoemulsion formulation. This study establishes that nanoemulsion based dissolving microneedle may serve as an efficient system for intradermal as well as transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal Nasiri
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juhaina Abu Ershaid
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Peng K, Vora LK, Tekko IA, Permana AD, Domínguez-Robles J, Ramadon D, Chambers P, McCarthy HO, Larrañeta E, Donnelly RF. Dissolving microneedle patches loaded with amphotericin B microparticles for localised and sustained intradermal delivery: Potential for enhanced treatment of cutaneous fungal infections. J Control Release 2021; 339:361-380. [PMID: 34619227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections affect millions of people globally and are often unreceptive to conventional topical or oral preparations because of low drug bioavailability at the infection site, lack of sustained therapeutic effect, and the development of drug resistance. Amphotericin B (AmB) is one of the most potent antifungal agents. It is increasingly important since fungal co-infections associated with COVID-19 are frequently reported. AmB is only administered via injections (IV) and restricted to life-threatening infections due to its nephrotoxicity and administration-related side effects. In this work, we introduce, for the first time, dissolving microneedle patches (DMP) loaded with micronised particles of AmB to achieve localised and long-acting intradermal delivery of AmB for treatment of cutaneous fungal infections. AmB was pulverised with poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) to form micronised particles-loaded gels, which were then cast into DMP moulds to form the tips. The mean particle size of AmB in AmB DMP tips after pulverisation was 1.67 ± 0.01 μm. This is an easy way to fabricate and load microparticles into DMP, as few steps are required, and no organic solvents are needed. AmB had no covalent chemical interaction with the excipients, but the crystallinity of AmB was reduced in the tips. AmB was completely released from the tips within 4 days in vitro. AmB DMP presented inhibition of Candida albicans (CA) and the killing rate of AmB DMP against CA biofilm inside porcine skin reached 100% within 24 h. AmB DMP were able to pierce excised neonatal porcine skin at an insertion depth of 301.34 ± 46.86 μm. Ex vivo dermatokinetic and drug deposition studies showed that AmB was mainly deposited in the dermis. An in vivo dermatokinetic study revealed that the area under curve (AUC0-inf) values of AmB DMP and IV (Fungizone® bolus injection 1 mg/kg) groups were 8823.0 d∙μg/g and 33.4 d∙μg/g, respectively (264-fold higher). AmB remained at high levels (219.07 ± 102.81 μg/g or more) in the skin until 7 days after the application of AmB DMP. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies showed that AmB concentration in plasma, kidney, liver, and spleen in the AmB DMP group was significantly lower than that in the IV group. Accordingly, this system addressed the systemic side effects of intravenous injection of AmB and localised the drug inside the skin for a week. This work establishes a novel, easy and effective method for long-acting and localised intradermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom; Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Delly Ramadon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Philip Chambers
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
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45
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Volpe-Zanutto F, Fonseca-Santos B, McKenna PE, Paredes AJ, Dávila JL, McCrudden MTC, Tangerina MMP, Ceccheto Figueiredo M, Vilegas W, Brisibe A, Akira D'Ávila M, Donnelly RF, Chorilli M, Foglio MA. Novel transdermal bioadhesive surfactant-based system for release and solubility improvement of antimalarial drugs artemether-lumefantrine. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34544052 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Artemether (ART) and lumefantrine (LUM) are the gold standard antimalarial drugs used for the treatment of malaria in children and pregnant women. Typically, ART and LUM are delivered orally in the form of a combined tablet, however, the appropriateness of this route of administration for these drugs is questionable due to the poor absorption and therefore bioavailability observed unless administered alongside lipid-rich foods. Transdermal drug delivery in the form of a patch-type system has been identified as a viable alternative to the conventional tablet-based therapy. A novel, surfactant-based ART-LUM formulation (S3AL), developed for transdermal delivery, may eliminate the shortcomings associated with oral delivery; namely poor drug absorption which is caused by the inherently low solubility of ART and LUM. Moreover, by successfully delivering these antimalarials transdermally, first-pass metabolism will be avoided leading to enhanced drug bioavailability in both cases. The S3AL formulation contained ART and LUM at equal concentrations (2.5% w/w of each) as well as Procetyl® AWS (30% w/w), oleic acid (10% w/w), 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (10% w/w), and water (45% w/w). The addition of LUM to the formulation changed the system from a striae structure to a dark field structure when visualized by a polarized light microscope. Additionally, this system possessed higher viscosity and superior skin bioadhesion, as evidenced by mechanical characterization, when compared to a similar formulation containing ART alone. S3AL was also proven to be biocompatible to human keratinocyte cells. Finally,in vitrostudies demonstrated the propensity of S3AL for successful delivery via the transdermal route, with 2279 ± 295 µg cm-2of ART and 94 ± 13 µg cm-2of LUM having permeated across dermatomed porcine skin after 24 h, highlighting its potential as a new candidate for the treatment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Volpe-Zanutto
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Technology of Bioactive Products, Biology Institute, University at Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Fonseca-Santos
- UNESP- University Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University at Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - José Luis Dávila
- Centre for Information Technology 'Renato Archer' (CTI), 3D Printing open lab-Laprint, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wagner Vilegas
- UNESP- Univ Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, São Vicente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Akira D'Ávila
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- UNESP- University Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University at Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Weimer P, Rossi RC, Koester LS. Dissolving Microneedles Developed in Association with Nanosystems: A Scoping Review on the Quality Parameters of These Emerging Systems for Drug or Protein Transdermal Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101601. [PMID: 34683895 PMCID: PMC8538119 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The largest organ of the body provides the main challenge for the transdermal delivery of lipophilic or high molecular weight drugs. To cross the main barrier of the skin, the stratum corneum, many techniques have been developed and improved. In the last 20 years, the association of microneedles with nanostructured systems has gained prominence for its versatility and for enabling targeted drug delivery. Currently, the combination of these mechanisms is pointed to as an emerging technology; however, some gaps need to be answered to transcend the development of these devices from the laboratory scale to the pharmaceutical market. It is known that the lack of regulatory guidelines for quality control is a hindrance to market conquest. In this context, this study undertakes a scoping review of original papers concerning methods applied to evaluate both the quality and drug/protein delivery of dissolving and hydrogel-forming microneedles developed in association with nanostructured systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Weimer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil;
| | - Rochele Cassanta Rossi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Alimentos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo 93022-000, Brazil;
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-51-33085278; Fax: +55-51-33085437
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Rojekar S, Pai R, Abadi LF, Mahajan K, Prajapati MK, Kulkarni S, Vavia P. Dual loaded nanostructured lipid carrier of nano-selenium and Etravirine as a potential anti-HIV therapy. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120986. [PMID: 34389421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a dire need for dual-long-acting therapy that could simultaneously target different stages of the HIV life cycle and providing a dual-prolonged strategy for improved anti-HIV therapy while reducing oxidative stress associated with the prolonged treatment. Thus, in the present work, nanostructured lipid carriers of Etravirine were developed and modified with nano-selenium. The dual-loaded nanocarrier system was fabricated using the double emulsion solvent evaporation method, further screened and optimized using the design of experiments methodology. The spherical core-shell type of a system was confirmed with an electron microscope and small-angle neutron scattering, while XPS confirmed the presence of selenium at the core-shell of the nanocarrier. In vitro assessment against HIV1 (R5 and X4 strains) infected TZM-bl cells exhibited higher efficacy for the dual-loaded nanocarrier system than the plain drug, which could be attributed to the synergistic effect of the nano-selenium. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry results exhibited enhanced uptake in TZM-bl cells compared to plain drug. A significant increase of GSH, SOD, CAT was observed in animals administered with the dual-loaded nanocarrier system containing nano-selenium, suggesting the protective potential of the lipidic nanoparticle containing the nano-selenium. Improvement in the in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters was also observed, along with a higher accumulation of the dual-loaded nanocarrier in remote HIV reservoir organs like the brain, ovary, and lymph node. The results suggest the potential of a dual-loaded formulation for synergistically targeting the HIV1 infection while simultaneously improving the intracellular anti-oxidant balance for improving a prolonged anti-HIV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Rohan Pai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Leila Fotooh Abadi
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India
| | - Ketan Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Smita Kulkarni
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India
| | - Pradeep Vavia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India.
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48
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Dalvi M, Kharat P, Thakor P, Bhavana V, Singh SB, Mehra NK. Panorama of dissolving microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. Life Sci 2021; 284:119877. [PMID: 34384832 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, microfabrication technology has been developed to increase the permeability of drugs for transdermal delivery. Microneedles are ultra-small needles usually in the micron size range (different dimensions in micron), generate pores, and allow for delivery of local medication in the systemic circulation via skin. The microneedles have been available in dissolving, solid, coated, hollow, and hydrogel-based microneedles. Dissolving microneedles have been fabricated using micro-molding, photo-polymerization, drawing lithography and droplet blowing techniques. Dissolving microneedles could be a valuable option for the delivery of low molecular weight drugs, peptides, enzymes, vaccines and bio-therapeutics. It consists of water-soluble materials including maltose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, chondroitin sulfate, dextran, hyaluronic acid, and albumin. The microneedles have almost dissolved after patch removal, leaving only blunt stubs behind, which are easily removable. In this review, we summarize the major building blocks, classification, fabrication techniques, characterization, diffusion models and application of microneedles in diverse area. We also reviewed the regulatory aspects, computational studies, patents, clinical data, and market trends of microneedles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Dalvi
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pratik Kharat
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pradip Thakor
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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49
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Rojekar S, Fotooh Abadi L, Pai R, Mahajan K, Kulkarni S, Vavia PR. Multi-organ targeting of HIV-1 viral reservoirs with etravirine loaded nanostructured lipid carrier: An in-vivo proof of concept. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 164:105916. [PMID: 34166780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The inadequate bioavailability and toxicity potential of antiretroviral therapy limit their effectiveness in the complete eradication of HIV from viral reservoirs. The penetration of these drugs into the brain is challenging because of the unfavorable physicochemical properties required to cross the membranes, limiting the transport of the drugs. Thus, in the current study, the authors report a nanocarrier-based drug delivery of a highly hydrophobic drug to overcome the existing limitations of the conventional therapies. An explicitly simple approach was used to overcome the limitations of existing anti-HIV therapies. The monophasic hot homogenized solution of lipid, drug, and solubilizer was diluted with the predetermined hot surfactant solution followed by the ultrasonication to generate the polydisperse nanoparticles with the size range of 50-1000 nm. The anti-HIV1 potential of nanostructured lipid carriers of Etravirine on HIV-infected cell lines showed efficacy with an appreciable increase in the therapeutic index as compared with the plain drug. Further, the results obtained from confocal microscopy along with flow cytometry exhibited efficient uptake of the nanocarrier loaded with coumarin-6 in cells. The pharmacokinetics of Etravirine nanostructured carriers was significantly better in all aspects compared to the plain drug solution, which could be attributed to molecular dispersion in the lipid matrix of the nanocarrier. A significant enhancement of Etravirine concentration of several-fold was also observed in the liver, ovary, lymph node, and brain, respectively, as compared to plain drug solution when assessed by biodistribution studies in rats. In conclusion, ETR-NLC systems could serve as a promising approach for simultaneous multi-site targeting and could provide therapeutic benefits for the efficient eradication of HIV/AIDS infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Center for Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Leila Fotooh Abadi
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India
| | - Rohan Pai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Ketan Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Center for Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Smita Kulkarni
- Department of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India
| | - Pradeep R Vavia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Center for Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India.
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