1
|
Huang C, Wang S, Deng J, Gu X, Guo S, Yin X. A "messenger zone hypothesis" based on the visual three-dimensional spatial distribution of motoneurons innervating deep limb muscles. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1559-1567. [PMID: 38051900 PMCID: PMC10883482 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202407000-00036/figure1/v/2023-11-20T171125Z/r/image-tiff
Coordinated contraction of skeletal muscles relies on selective connections between the muscles and multiple classes of the spinal motoneurons. However, current research on the spatial location of the spinal motoneurons innervating different muscles is limited. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and relative position of different motoneurons that control the deep muscles of the mouse hindlimbs, which were innervated by the obturator nerve, femoral nerve, inferior gluteal nerve, deep peroneal nerve, and tibial nerve. Locations were visualized by combining a multiplex retrograde tracking technique compatible with three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared organs (3DISCO) and 3-D imaging technology based on lightsheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). Additionally, we propose the hypothesis that “messenger zones” exist as interlaced areas between the motoneuron pools that dominate the synergistic or antagonist muscle groups. We hypothesize that these interlaced neurons may participate in muscle coordination as messenger neurons. Analysis revealed the precise mutual positional relationships among the many motoneurons that innervate different deep muscles of the mouse. Not only do these findings update and supplement our knowledge regarding the overall spatial layout of spinal motoneurons that control mouse limb muscles, but they also provide insights into the mechanisms through which muscle activity is coordinated and the architecture of motor circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Wang
- MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Deng
- MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhang Guo
- MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- MoE Key Laboratory for Trauma Treatment and Nerve Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Velasco E, Zaforas M, Acosta MC, Gallar J, Aguilar J. Ocular surface information seen from the somatosensory thalamus and cortex. J Physiol 2024; 602:1405-1426. [PMID: 38457332 DOI: 10.1113/jp285008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular Surface (OS) somatosensory innervation detects external stimuli producing perceptions, such as pain or dryness, the most relevant symptoms in many OS pathologies. Nevertheless, little is known about the central nervous system circuits involved in these perceptions, and how they integrate multimodal inputs in general. Here, we aim to describe the thalamic and cortical activity in response to OS stimulation of different modalities. Electrophysiological extracellular recordings in anaesthetized rats were used to record neural activity, while saline drops at different temperatures were applied to stimulate the OS. Neurons were recorded in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal ganglion (TG, 49 units), the thalamic VPM-POm nuclei representing the face (Th, 69 units) and the primary somatosensory cortex (S1, 101 units). The precise locations for Th and S1 neurons receiving OS information are reported here for the first time. Interestingly, all recorded nuclei encode modality both at the single neuron and population levels, with noxious stimulation producing a qualitatively different activity profile from other modalities. Moreover, neurons responding to new combinations of stimulus modalities not present in the peripheral TG subsequently appear in Th and S1, being organized in space through the formation of clusters. Besides, neurons that present higher multimodality display higher spontaneous activity. These results constitute the first anatomical and functional characterization of the thalamocortical representation of the OS. Furthermore, they provide insight into how information from different modalities gets integrated from the peripheral nervous system into the complex cortical networks of the brain. KEY POINTS: Anatomical location of thalamic and cortical ocular surface representation. Thalamic and cortical neuronal responses to multimodal stimulation of the ocular surface. Increasing functional complexity along trigeminal neuroaxis. Proposal of a new perspective on how peripheral activity shapes central nervous system function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Velasco
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuroscience in Physiotherapy (NiP), Independent Research Group, Elche, Spain
- The European University of Brain and Technology, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Marta Zaforas
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Spain
| | - M Carmen Acosta
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- The European University of Brain and Technology, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Juana Gallar
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- The European University of Brain and Technology, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados, Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Soumier A, Lio G, Demily C. Current and future applications of light-sheet imaging for identifying molecular and developmental processes in autism spectrum disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02487-8. [PMID: 38443634 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is identified by a set of neurodevelopmental divergences that typically affect the social communication domain. ASD is also characterized by heterogeneous cognitive impairments and is associated with cooccurring physical and medical conditions. As behaviors emerge as the brain matures, it is particularly essential to identify any gaps in neurodevelopmental trajectories during early perinatal life. Here, we introduce the potential of light-sheet imaging for studying developmental biology and cross-scale interactions among genetic, cellular, molecular and macroscale levels of circuitry and connectivity. We first report the core principles of light-sheet imaging and the recent progress in studying brain development in preclinical animal models and human organoids. We also present studies using light-sheet imaging to understand the development and function of other organs, such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract. We also provide information on the potential of light-sheet imaging in preclinical drug development. Finally, we speculate on the translational benefits of light-sheet imaging for studying individual brain-body interactions in advancing ASD research and creating personalized interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Soumier
- Le Vinatier Hospital Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France.
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France.
- Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, UMR 5229, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France.
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne cedex, France.
| | - Guillaume Lio
- Le Vinatier Hospital Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France
- Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, UMR 5229, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France
| | - Caroline Demily
- Le Vinatier Hospital Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France
- Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, UMR 5229, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675, Bron cedex, France
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuramoto E, Fukushima M, Sendo R, Ohno S, Iwai H, Yamanaka A, Sugimura M, Goto T. Three-dimensional topography of rat trigeminal ganglion neurons using a combination of retrograde labeling and tissue-clearing techniques. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25584. [PMID: 38341648 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The trigeminal nerve is the sensory afferent of the orofacial regions and divided into three major branches. Cell bodies of the trigeminal nerve lie in the trigeminal ganglion and are surrounded by satellite cells. There is a close interaction between ganglion cells via satellite cells, but the function is not fully understood. In the present study, we clarified the ganglion cells' three-dimensional (3D) localization, which is essential to understand the functions of cell-cell interactions in the trigeminal ganglion. Fast blue was injected into 12 sites of the rat orofacial regions, and ganglion cells were retrogradely labeled. The labeled trigeminal ganglia were cleared by modified 3DISCO, imaged with confocal laser-scanning microscopy, and reconstructed in 3D. Histograms of the major axes of the fast blue-positive somata revealed that the peak major axes of the cells innervating the skin/mucosa were smaller than those of cells innervating the deep structures. Ganglion cells innervating the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular divisions were distributed in the anterodorsal, central, and posterolateral portions of the trigeminal ganglion, respectively, with considerable overlap in the border region. The intermingling in the distribution of ganglion cells within each division was also high, in particular, within the mandibular division. Specifically, intermingling was observed in combinations of tongue and masseter/temporal muscles, maxillary/mandibular molars and masseter/temporal muscles, and tongue and mandibular molars. Double retrograde labeling confirmed that some ganglion cells innervating these combinations were closely apposed. Our data provide essential information for understanding the function of ganglion cell-cell interactions via satellite cells.
Collapse
Grants
- JP23H03119 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP23K09316 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19K10058 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19K10336 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19KK0419 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP22H05162 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP22K09916 Grants-in-Aid from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kuramoto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Fukushima
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryozo Sendo
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sachi Ohno
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Haruki Iwai
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamanaka
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Sugimura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Goto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao N, Lee PSY, Zhang J, Yu FSX. Ocular nociception and neuropathic pain initiated by blue light stress in C57BL/6J mice. Pain 2023; 164:1616-1626. [PMID: 37093736 PMCID: PMC10277230 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms responsible for initiating and sustaining ocular neuropathic pain, we created a blue-light-exposure model in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were exposed to 12 h of blue or white light followed by 12 h of darkness. Before blue light exposure, baseline tear secretion, stability, and ocular hyperalgesia were assessed by measuring hyper- or hypo-osmotic solution-induced eye wiping, wind-induced eye closing, and cold-induced eye blinking. At 1 day post-blue light exposure, alterations in hypotonic/hypertonic-induced eye-wiping, and tear film abnormalities were observed. Eye-wiping behaviors were abolished by topical anesthesia. The cold-stimulated eye-blinking and wind-stimulated eye-closing behaviors began after day 3 and their frequency further increased after day 9. Blue-light exposure reduced the density of nerve endings, and increased their tortuosity, the number of beadlike structures, and the branching of stromal nerve fibers, as assessed by whole-mount confocal microscopy. Blue-light exposure also increased TRPV1, but not TRPV4 staining intensity of corneal-projecting neurons in the trigeminal ganglia, as detected by Fluorogold retrograde labeling and immunohistochemistry. TRPV1 and substance P expression was increased, whereas CGRP expression deceased at the mRNA level in isolated corneal projecting neurons. Hence, our blue-light exposure B6 mouse model for assessing tearing and ocular hyperalgesia is useful for studying ocular pain and its underlying mechanisms. Blue-light-induced alterations in tearing and ocular hyperalgesia may be related to the elevated expression of TRPV1, SP, and/or the suppressed expression of CGRP at the ocular surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Patrick S. Y. Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jitao Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Wayne State University.
6135 Woodward Ave, Integrative Biosciences Center, Detroit, MI, 48202
| | - Fu-shin X. Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Transient Receptor Potential Channels: Important Players in Ocular Pain and Dry Eye Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091859. [PMID: 36145607 PMCID: PMC9506338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder in which the eyes respond to minor stimuli with abnormal sensations, such as dryness, blurring, foreign body sensation, discomfort, irritation, and pain. Corneal pain, as one of DED’s main symptoms, has gained recognition due to its increasing prevalence, morbidity, and the resulting social burden. The cornea is the most innervated tissue in the body, and the maintenance of corneal integrity relies on a rich density of nociceptors, such as polymodal nociceptor neurons, cold thermoreceptor neurons, and mechano-nociceptor neurons. Their sensory responses to different stimulating forces are linked to the specific expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. TRP channels are a group of unique ion channels that play important roles as cellular sensors for various stimuli. These channels are nonselective cation channels with variable Ca2+ selectivity. TRP homologs are a superfamily of 28 different members that are subdivided into 7 different subfamilies based on differences in sequence homology. Many of these subtypes are expressed in the eye on both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, where they affect various stress-induced regulatory responses essential for normal vision maintenance. This article reviews the current knowledge about the expression, function, and regulation of TRPs in ocular surface tissues. We also describe their implication in DED and ocular pain. These findings contribute to evidence suggesting that drug-targeting TRP channels may be of therapeutic benefit in the clinical setting of ocular pain.
Collapse
|
7
|
Daeschler SC, Mirmoeini K, Gordon T, Chan K, Zhang J, Ali A, Feinberg K, Borschel GH. Sustained Release of Tacrolimus From a Topical Drug Delivery System Promotes Corneal Reinnervation. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:20. [PMID: 35984668 PMCID: PMC9419461 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.8.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Corneal nerve fibers provide sensation and maintain the epithelial renewal process. Insufficient corneal innervation can cause neurotrophic keratopathy. Here, topically delivered tacrolimus is evaluated for its therapeutic potential to promote corneal reinnervation in rats. Methods A compartmentalized neuronal cell culture was used to determine the effect of locally delivered tacrolimus on sensory axon regeneration in vitro. The regenerating axons but not the cell bodies were exposed to tacrolimus (50 ng/mL), nerve growth factor (50 ng/mL), or a vehicle control. Axon area and length were measured after 48 hours. Then, a biodegradable nanofiber drug delivery system was fabricated via electrospinning of a tacrolimus-loaded polycarbonate–urethane polymer. Biocompatibility, degradation, drug biodistribution, and therapeutic effectiveness were tested in a rat model of neurotrophic keratopathy induced by stereotactic trigeminal nerve ablation. Results Sensory neurons whose axons were exposed to tacrolimus regenerated significantly more and longer axons compared to vehicle-treated cultures. Trigeminal nerve ablation in rats reliably induced corneal denervation. Four weeks after denervation, rats that had received tacrolimus topically showed similar limbal innervation but a significantly higher nerve fiber density in the center of the cornea compared to the non-treated control. Topically applied tacrolimus was detectable in the ipsilateral vitreal body, the plasma, and the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion but not in their contralateral counterparts and vital organs after 4 weeks of topical release. Conclusions Locally delivered tacrolimus promotes axonal regeneration in vitro and corneal reinnervation in vivo with minimal systemic drug exposure. Translational Relevance Topically applied tacrolimus may provide a readily translatable approach to promote corneal reinnervation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeon C Daeschler
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaveh Mirmoeini
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tessa Gordon
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katelyn Chan
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Zhang
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asim Ali
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Konstantin Feinberg
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gregory H Borschel
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qi Z, Han S, Wang S, Gu X, Deng J, Huang C, Yin X. Visual three-dimensional spatial distribution of motor neurons innervating superficial limb muscles in mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:904172. [PMID: 35936500 PMCID: PMC9354668 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.904172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination of motor function in the spinal cord depends on selective connections between distinct classes of motor neurons and their target muscles. However, knowledge regarding the anatomical connections between the superficial limb skeletal muscles and the motor neurons that innervate them is limited. In this study, with a combination of the multiple retrograde tracing method with 3DISCO clearing, we explored the spatial distribution of different motor neuron pools targeting specific superficial muscles of the forelimbs or hindlimbs in mouse spinal cords, which were dominated by the radial, median, ulnar, or sciatic nerve. This study reveals the precise interrelationship among different motor neuron pools innervating limb muscles under the same space and time. The data will help to further understand the neural loop and muscular motor coordination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Qi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Yin,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Réaux-Le-Goazigo A, Beliard B, Delay L, Rahal L, Claron J, Renaudin N, Rivals I, Thibaut M, Nouhoum M, Deffieux T, Tanter M, Pezet S. Ultrasound localization microscopy and functional ultrasound imaging reveal atypical features of the trigeminal ganglion vasculature. Commun Biol 2022; 5:330. [PMID: 35393515 PMCID: PMC8989975 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional imaging within the trigeminal ganglion (TG) is highly challenging due to its small size and deep localization. This study combined a methodological framework able to dive into the rat trigeminal nociceptive system by jointly providing 1) imaging of the TG blood vasculature at microscopic resolution, and 2) the measurement of hemodynamic responses evoked by orofacial stimulations in anesthetized rats. Despite the small number of sensory neurons within the TG, functional ultrasound imaging was able to image and quantify a strong and highly localized hemodynamic response in the ipsilateral TG, evoked not only by mechanical or chemical stimulations of corneal nociceptive fibers, but also by cutaneous mechanical stimulations of the ophthalmic and maxillary orofacial regions using a von Frey hair. The in vivo quantitative imaging of the TG’s vasculature using ultrasound localization microscopy combined with in toto labelling reveals particular features of the vascularization of the area containing the sensory neurons, that are likely the origin of this strong vaso-trigeminal response. This innovative imaging approach opens the path for future studies on the mechanisms underlying changes in trigeminal local blood flow and evoked hemodynamic responses, key mechanisms for the understanding and treatment of debilitating trigeminal pain conditions. Visualisation of rat trigeminal ganglia activation during ophthalmic or maxillary nociceptive stimulations shows atypical tortuous vascularisation and a somatotopic hemodynamic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Beliard
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Lauriane Delay
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Line Rahal
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Julien Claron
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Noémi Renaudin
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Rivals
- Equipe de Statistique Appliquée, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, UMRS 1158, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Thibaut
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Nouhoum
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France.,Iconeus, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Deffieux
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Mickael Tanter
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Pezet
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL Research University, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shhedding New Light on the Role of Hedgehog Signaling in Corneal Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073630. [PMID: 35408986 PMCID: PMC8998466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea, an anterior ocular tissue that notably serves to protect the eye from external insults and refract light, requires constant epithelium renewal and efficient healing following injury to maintain ocular homeostasis. Although several key cell populations and molecular pathways implicated in corneal wound healing have already been thoroughly investigated, insufficient/impaired or excessive corneal wound healing remains a major clinical issue in ophthalmology, and new avenues of research are still needed to further improve corneal wound healing. Because of its implication in numerous cellular/tissular homeostatic processes and oxidative stress, there is growing evidence of the role of Hedgehog signaling pathway in physiological and pathological corneal wound healing. Reviewing current scientific evidence, Hedgehog signaling and its effectors participate in corneal wound healing mainly at the level of the corneal and limbal epithelium, where Sonic Hedgehog-mediated signaling promotes limbal stem cell proliferation and corneal epithelial cell proliferation and migration following corneal injury. Hedgehog signaling could also participate in corneal epithelial barrier homeostasis and in pathological corneal healing such as corneal injury-related neovascularization. By gaining a better understanding of the role of this double-edged sword in physiological and pathological corneal wound healing, fascinating new research avenues and therapeutic strategies will undoubtedly emerge.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu Y, Zhang J, Ding W, Chen G, Shao C, Li J, Wang W, Wang W. Clinical Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Corneal Neurotization after Cerebellopontine Angle (CPA) Neurosurgical Procedures. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:670-676. [PMID: 35179100 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2025843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report 12 patients with neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) due to the trigeminal nerve injury after intracranial tumor surgeries underwent minimally invasive corneal neurotization (MICN) and evaluate the outcomes of corneal reinnervation. METHODS 12 patients (12 eyes) with NK caused by the trigeminal nerve injury after intracranial surgeries received MICN. All the preoperative central corneal sensation (CCS) was under 5mm and MICN was performed over 6 months after the intracranial surgery. Follow-up was conducted 1 week and 1 month after the surgery, and then every 3 months. Twelve healthy age-matched participants were enrolled as controls. The indicators included corneal sensation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal nerve fiber length and branch density, diameter of nerve trunk, corneal ulcer lesion ratio and sensation of the contralateral forehead. RESULTS Mean follow-up was 24.7 ± 7.1 months. Mean CCS rose from 0.4 ± 1.4 to 31.7 ± 21.8 mm. Corneal nerve fiber length improved from 9.56 ± 5.00 to 14.96 ± 4.65 mm/mm2 and corneal nerve branch density and diameter of nerve trunk both increased (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively). Corneal lesion ratio decreased from 0.17 ± 0.12 to 0.10 ± 0.10 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS MICN promotes corneal reinnervation for patients with NK induced by the trigeminal nerve injury after intracranial surgeries. The process of corneal reinnervation after MICN often lasts over 12 months and it takes about 18 months to return to a higher level. Corneal sensation and corneal nerve fiber length are related to clinical outcomes such as corneal ulcer lesion and BCVA. The effect on the sensation of the contralateral side forehead is temporary and most patients can restore normal forehead sensation of the contralateral side.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China
| | - Chunyi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R.China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lasagni Vitar RM, Bonelli F, Rama P, Ferrari G. Immunity and pain in the eye: focus on the ocular surface. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 207:149-163. [PMID: 35020868 PMCID: PMC8982975 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Most ocular diseases are associated with pain. While pain has been generally considered a mere (deleterious) additional symptom, it is now emerging that it is a key modulator of innate/adaptive immunity. Because the cornea receives the highest nerve density of the entire body, it is an ideal site to demonstrate interactions between pain and the immune response. Indeed, most neuropeptides involved in pain generation are also potent regulators of innate and adaptive leukocyte physiology. On the other hand, most inflammatory cells can modulate the generation of ocular pain through release of specific mediators (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and lipid mediators). This review will discuss the reciprocal role(s) of ocular surface (and specifically: corneal) pain on the immune response of the eye. Finally, we will discuss the clinical implications of such reciprocal interactions in the context of highly prevalent corneal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Mayra Lasagni Vitar
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Bonelli
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rama
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrari
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Correspondence: Giulio Ferrari, Cornea and Ocular Surface Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hwang DDJ, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Lee SM. The Role of Neuropeptides in Pathogenesis of Dry Dye. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4248. [PMID: 34575359 PMCID: PMC8471988 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are known as important mediators between the nervous and immune systems. Recently, the role of the corneal nerve in the pathogenesis of various ocular surface diseases, including dry eye disease, has been highlighted. Neuropeptides are thought to be important factors in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease, as suggested by the well-known role between the nervous and immune systems, and several recently published studies have elucidated the previously unknown pathogenic mechanisms involved in the role of the neuropeptides secreted from the corneal nerves in dry eye disease. Here, we reviewed the emerging concept of neurogenic inflammation as one of the pathogenic mechanisms of dry eye disease, the recent results of related studies, and the direction of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Duck-Jin Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, HanGil Eye Hospital, Incheon 21388, Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 21388, Korea
| | - Seok-Jae Lee
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Kim
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Advanced Biomedical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, HanGil Eye Hospital, Incheon 21388, Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 21388, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lasagni Vitar RM, Rama P, Ferrari G. The two-faced effects of nerves and neuropeptides in corneal diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 86:100974. [PMID: 34098111 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Corneal nerves are instrumental to maintain cornea integrity through regulation of key physiological functions such as tear secretion, blink reflex, and neuropeptide turnover. Corneal nerve injury/stimulation can follow many insults including mechanical/chemical trauma, infections and surgeries. Nerve disruption initiates a process named neurogenic inflammation which leads to edema, pain, and recruitment and activation of leukocytes. Interestingly, leukocyte influx in the cornea can further damage nerves by releasing inflammatory mediators-including neuropeptides. The clinical outcome of neuroinflammation can be beneficial or detrimental to corneal integrity. On one side, it ensures prompt wound healing and prevents infections. On the other, prolonged and/or deranged neuroinflammation can permanently disrupt corneal integrity and impair vision. The cornea is an ideal site to study peripheral neuroinflammation and neurogenic inflammation since it receives the highest density of sensory nerves of the entire body. We will review the corneal nerve anatomy and neurochemistry, discuss the beneficial and detrimental effects of neurogenic inflammation in corneal wound healing, inflammatory processes, and pain. We will also examine the emerging remote impact of corneal nerve disruption on the trigeminal ganglion and the brain, highlighting the key role of neuropeptide Substance P. Finally, we will discuss the clinical relevance of such neuroinflammatory network in the context of severe and highly prevalent ocular diseases, including potential treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Mayra Lasagni Vitar
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rama
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrari
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Capsazepine decreases corneal pain syndrome in severe dry eye disease. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:111. [PMID: 33975636 PMCID: PMC8114509 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface accompanied by neurosensory abnormalities. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) blockade to alleviate ocular pain, neuroinflammation, and anxiety-like behavior associated with severe DED. Methods Chronic DED was induced by unilateral excision of the Harderian and extraorbital lacrimal glands of adult male mice. Investigations were conducted at 21 days after surgery. The mRNA levels of TRPV1, transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1), and acid-sensing ion channels 1 and 3 (ASIC1 and ASIC3) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) were evaluated by RNAscope in situ hybridization. Multi-unit extracellular recording of ciliary nerve fiber activity was used to monitor spontaneous and stimulated (cold, heat, and acid) corneal nerve responsiveness in ex vivo eye preparations. DED mice received topical instillations of the TRPV1 antagonist (capsazepine) twice a day for 2 weeks from d7 to d21 after surgery. The expression of genes involved in neuropathic and inflammatory pain was evaluated in the TG using a global genomic approach. Chemical and mechanical corneal nociception and spontaneous ocular pain were monitored. Finally, anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by elevated plus maze and black and white box tests. Results First, in situ hybridization showed DED to trigger upregulation of TRPV1, TRPA1, ASIC1, and ASIC3 mRNA in the ophthalmic branch of the TG. DED also induced overexpression of genes involved in neuropathic and inflammatory pain in the TG. Repeated instillations of capsazepine reduced corneal polymodal responsiveness to heat, cold, and acidic stimulation in ex vivo eye preparations. Consistent with these findings, chronic capsazepine instillation inhibited the upregulation of genes involved in neuropathic and inflammatory pain in the TG of DED animals and reduced the sensation of ocular pain, as well as anxiety-like behaviors associated with severe DED. Conclusion These data provide novel insights on the effectiveness of TRPV1 antagonist instillation in alleviating abnormal corneal neurosensory symptoms induced by severe DED, opening an avenue for the repositioning of this molecule as a potential analgesic treatment for patients suffering from chronic DED.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Neurotrophic Keratitis (NK) is a degenerative disorder of the cornea characterized by decreased or absent sensory corneal innervation, corneal epitheliopathy and impaired healing.The clinical presentation of NK can range from persistent epithelial defects to corneal perforation and management is often both challenging and protracted. Historically, the management of NK has consisted of non-specific strategies to facilitate corneal epithelial healing such as lubrication, bandage contact lenses and tarsorrhaphy. Recent advances in the development of therapeutics for NK have provided new and efficacious targeted strategies for its management.In this article, we review recombinant human nerve growth factor (Cenegermin), currently approved for clinical use in the United States and Europe, as well as other promising therapeutic options that are in pre-clinical development such as thymosine β4, connexin43 inhibitors, and artificial extracellular matrix components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Dohlman
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Guerrero-Moreno A, Fakih D, Parsadaniantz SM, Réaux-Le Goazigo A. How does chronic dry eye shape peripheral and central nociceptive systems? Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:306-307. [PMID: 32859787 PMCID: PMC7896235 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.290895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Darine Fakih
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guerrero-Moreno A, Baudouin C, Melik Parsadaniantz S, Réaux-Le Goazigo A. Morphological and Functional Changes of Corneal Nerves and Their Contribution to Peripheral and Central Sensory Abnormalities. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:610342. [PMID: 33362474 PMCID: PMC7758484 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.610342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cornea is the most densely innervated and sensitive tissue in the body. The cornea is exclusively innervated by C- and A-delta fibers, including mechano-nociceptors that are triggered by noxious mechanical stimulation, polymodal nociceptors that are excited by mechanical, chemical, and thermal stimuli, and cold thermoreceptors that are activated by cooling. Noxious stimulations activate corneal nociceptors whose cell bodies are located in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and project central axons to the trigeminal brainstem sensory complex. Ocular pain, in particular, that driven by corneal nerves, is considered to be a core symptom of inflammatory and traumatic disorders of the ocular surface. Ocular surface injury affecting corneal nerves and leading to inflammatory responses can occur under multiple pathological conditions, such as chemical burn, persistent dry eye, and corneal neuropathic pain as well as after some ophthalmological surgical interventions such as photorefractive surgery. This review depicts the morphological and functional changes of corneal nerve terminals following corneal damage and dry eye disease (DED), both ocular surface conditions leading to sensory abnormalities. In addition, the recent fundamental and clinical findings of the importance of peripheral and central neuroimmune interactions in the development of corneal hypersensitivity are discussed. Next, the cellular and molecular changes of corneal neurons in the TG and central structures that are driven by corneal nerve abnormalities are presented. A better understanding of the corneal nerve abnormalities as well as neuroimmune interactions may contribute to the identification of a novel therapeutic targets for alleviating corneal pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, IHU FOReSIGHT, Paris, France.,CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, Paris, France.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Joubert F, Guerrero-Moreno A, Fakih D, Reboussin E, Gaveriaux-Ruff C, Acosta MC, Gallar J, Sahel JA, Bodineau L, Baudouin C, Rostène W, Mélik-Parsadaniantz S, Réaux-Le Goazigo A. Topical treatment with a mu opioid receptor agonist alleviates corneal allodynia and corneal nerve sensitization in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110794. [PMID: 33035833 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal pain is considered to be a core symptom of ocular surface disruption and inflammation. The management of this debilitating condition is still a therapeutic challenge. Recent evidence supports a role of the opioid system in the management of corneal nociception. However, the functional involvement of the mu opioid receptor (MOR) underlying this analgesic effect is not known. We first investigated the expression of the MOR in corneal nerve fibers and trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons in control mice and a mouse model of corneal inflammatory pain. We then evaluated the anti-nociceptive and electrophysiological effects of DAMGO ([D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol] enkephalin), a MOR-selective ligand. MOR immunoreactivity was detected in corneal nerve fibers and primary afferent neurons of the ophthalmic branch of the TG of naive mice. MOR expression was significantly higher in both structures under conditions of inflammatory corneal pain. Topical ocular administration of DAMGO strongly reduced both the mechanical (von Frey) and chemical (capsaicin) corneal hypersensitivity associated with inflammatory ocular pain. Repeated instillations of DAMGO also markedly reversed the elevated spontaneous activity of the ciliary nerve and responsiveness of corneal polymodal nociceptors that were observed in mice with corneal pain. Finally, these DAMGO-induced behavioral and electrophysiological responses were totally blunted by the topical application of naloxone methiodide, an opioid receptor antagonist. Overall, these results provide evidence that topical pharmacological MOR activation may constitute a therapeutic target for the treatment of corneal pain and improve corneal nerve function to alleviate chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Joubert
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Adrian Guerrero-Moreno
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Darine Fakih
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; R&D Department, Laboratoires Théa, 12 Rue Louis Biérot, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elodie Reboussin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Claire Gaveriaux-Ruff
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria Carmen Acosta
- Instituto de Neurociencias Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juana Gallar
- Instituto de Neurociencias Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 28 Rue de Charenton, F-75012, Paris, France; Fondation Ophtalmologique Rothschild, 29 Rue Manin, F-75019, Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Laurence Bodineau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France; CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 28 Rue de Charenton, F-75012, Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Saclay University, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - William Rostène
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Emrick JJ, von Buchholtz LJ, Ryba NJP. Transcriptomic Classification of Neurons Innervating Teeth. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1478-1485. [PMID: 32702253 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520941837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Toothache is a common painful consequence of damage to the teeth, particularly when coupled to infection. Clinical restoration of tooth integrity, sometimes involving physical and chemical sterilization of the tooth with nerve fiber ablation (i.e., endodontic therapy), generally alleviates pain and allows long-lasting dental function. These observations raise questions regarding the biological role of tooth-innervating fibers. Here, we determined the transcriptomic diversity of the sensory neurons that can be retrogradely labeled from mouse molar teeth. Our results demonstrate that individual molars are each targeted by a dedicated population of about 50 specialized trigeminal neurons. Transcriptomic profiling identifies the majority of these as expressing markers of fast-conducting neurons, with about two-thirds containing nociceptive markers. Our data provide a new view of dental innervation, extending previous reports that used candidate gene approaches. Importantly, almost all retrogradely labeled neurons, including nociceptors, express the recently characterized mechanosensor Piezo2, an ion channel that endows cells with sensitivity to gentle touch. Intriguingly, about a quarter of the labeled neurons do not appear to be nociceptors, perhaps insinuating a role for them in discriminative touch. We hypothesize that dental neurons are capable of providing mechanosensitive information to drive rapid behavioral responses and protect teeth from damage. Damage to the teeth and exposure of the large population of molar nociceptors may trigger prolonged or abnormal activation driving toothache. Future studies examining the responses of these transcriptomically defined classes of neurons will help define their significance in oral sensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Emrick
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L J von Buchholtz
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N J P Ryba
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chronic dry eye induced corneal hypersensitivity, neuroinflammatory responses, and synaptic plasticity in the mouse trigeminal brainstem. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:268. [PMID: 31847868 PMCID: PMC6918709 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease associated with ocular surface inflammation, pain, and nerve abnormalities. We studied the peripheral and central neuroinflammatory responses that occur during persistent DED using molecular, cellular, behavioral, and electrophysiological approaches. Methods A mouse model of DED was obtained by unilateral excision of the extraorbital lachrymal gland (ELG) and Harderian gland (HG) of adult female C57BL/6 mice. In vivo tests were conducted at 7, 14, and 21 days (d) after surgery. Tear production was measured by a phenol red test and corneal alterations and inflammation were assessed by fluorescein staining and in vivo confocal microscopy. Corneal nerve morphology was evaluated by nerve staining. Mechanical corneal sensitivity was monitored using von Frey filaments. Multi-unit extracellular recording of ciliary nerve fiber activity was used to monitor spontaneous corneal nerve activity. RT-qPCR and immunostaining were used to determine RNA and protein levels at d21. Results We observed a marked reduction of tear production and the development of corneal inflammation at d7, d14, and d21 post-surgery in DED animals. Chronic DE induced a reduction of intraepithelial corneal nerve terminals. Behavioral and electrophysiological studies showed that the DED animals developed time-dependent mechanical corneal hypersensitivity accompanied by increased spontaneous ciliary nerve fiber electrical activity. Consistent with these findings, DED mice exhibited central presynaptic plasticity, demonstrated by a higher Piccolo immunoreactivity in the ipsilateral trigeminal brainstem sensory complex (TBSC). At d21 post-surgery, mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-6 and IL-1β), astrocyte (GFAP), and oxidative (iNOS2 and NOX4) markers increased significantly in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion (TG). This correlated with an increase in Iba1, GFAP, and ATF3 immunostaining in the ipsilateral TG of DED animals. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα, IL-1β, and CCL2), iNOS2, neuronal (ATF3 and FOS), and microglial (CD68 and Itgam) markers were also upregulated in the TBSC of DED animals at d21, along with increased immunoreactivity against GFAP and Iba1. Conclusions Overall, these data highlight peripheral sensitization and neuroinflammatory responses that participate in the development and maintenance of dry eye-related pain. This model may be useful to identify new analgesic molecules to alleviate ocular pain.
Collapse
|
22
|
Han S, Li D, Kou Y, Fu Z, Yin X. Multiple retrograde tracing methods compatible with 3DISCO clearing. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:4240-4247. [PMID: 31713439 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1687493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Han
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Kou
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongguo Fu
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Corneal nerves in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 73:100762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Mertsch S, Alder J, Dua HS, Geerling G. [Pathogenesis and epidemiology of neurotrophic keratopathy]. Ophthalmologe 2019; 116:109-119. [PMID: 30478498 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-018-0823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) is a degenerative corneal disease that is based on an impairment of the corneal innervation. The damage to the sensory innervation, which is delivered through the 1st branch of the trigeminal nerve (ophthalmic nerve), can occur throughout the entire length of the nerve from the nucleus in the brainstem, e.g. caused by brain tumors, to the terminal nerve fibers in the cornea, caused for example by refractive corneal surgery (e. g. LASIK). Due to the loss of the sensory innervation, a reduced lacrimation and a reduction in the secretion of trophic factors occur. This in turn inhibits the regeneration potential of the corneal epithelium. In the most severe cases of the disease, the reduction or loss of lacrimation, together with the impaired regeneration potential of the epithelial cells, can lead to persistent epithelial defects, ulcers and corneal perforation. The NK has a prevalence of 5 or fewer individuals per 10,000 and is classified as a rare, i. e. orphan disease (ORPHA137596). A fundamental understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of NK supports the early diagnosis and therefore the initiation of a specific treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mertsch
- Univ.-Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland. .,Univ.-Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Medizinischer Campus Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland.
| | - J Alder
- Univ.-Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - H S Dua
- Academic Section of Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Großbritannien
| | - G Geerling
- Univ.-Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL265: a novel topical treatment to alleviate corneal pain and inflammation. Pain 2019; 160:307-321. [PMID: 30412056 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ocular pain is a core symptom of inflammatory or traumatic disorders affecting the anterior segment. To date, the management of chronic ocular pain remains a therapeutic challenge in ophthalmology. The main endogenous opioids (enkephalins) play a key role in pain control but exhibit only transient analgesic effects due to their rapid degradation. The aim of this study was to explore the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of topical administration of PL265 (a dual enkephalinase inhibitor) on murine models of corneal pain. On healthy corneas, chronic PL265 topical administration did not alter corneal integrity nor modify corneal mechanical and chemical sensitivity. Then, on murine models of corneal pain, we showed that repeated instillations of PL265 (10 mM) significantly reduced corneal mechanical and chemical hypersensitivity. PL265-induced corneal analgesia was completely antagonized by naloxone methiodide, demonstrating that PL265 antinociceptive effects were mediated by peripheral corneal opioid receptors. Moreover, flow cytometry (quantification of CD11b+ cells) and in vivo confocal microscopy analysis revealed that instillations of PL265 significantly decreased corneal inflammation in a corneal inflammatory pain model. Chronic PL265 topical administration also decreased Iba1 and neuronal injury marker (ATF3) staining in the nucleus of primary sensory neurons of ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion. These results open a new avenue for ocular pain treatment based on the enhancement of endogenous opioid peptides' analgesic effects in tissues of the anterior segment of the eye. Dual enkephalinase inhibitor PL265 seems to be a promising topical treatment for safe and effective alleviation of ocular pain and inflammation.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bernal L, Cisneros E, García-Magro N, Roza C. Immunostaining in whole-mount lipid-cleared peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia after neuropathy in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8374. [PMID: 31182787 PMCID: PMC6558043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44897-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemical characterization of primary afferent fibers (intact or after nerve damage) is traditionally performed in thin sections from dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) or in teased fibers, as light scattering in whole-mounts compromises visualization. These procedures are time-consuming, require specific equipment and advanced experimental skills. Lipid-clearing techniques are increasing in popularity, but they have never been used for the peripheral nervous system. We established a modified, inexpensive clearing method based on lipid-removal protocols to make transparent peripheral nerve tissue (inCLARITY). We compared retrograde-labeling and free-floating immunostaining with cryo-sections. Confocal microscopy on whole-mount transparent DRGs showed neurons marked with retrograde tracers applied to experimental neuromas (Retrobeads, Fluoro-ruby, Fluoro-emerald, DiI, and Fluoro-gold). After immunostaining with calcitonin gene-related peptide (peptidergic) or isolectin IB4 (non-peptidergic), nociceptors were visualized. Immunostaining in transparent whole-mount nerves allows simultaneous evaluation of the axotomized branches containing the neuroma and neighboring intact branches as they can be mounted preserving their anatomical disposition and fiber integrity. The goal of our study was to optimize CLARITY for its application in peripheral nerve tissues. The protocol is compatible with the use of retrograde tracers and improves immunostaining outcomes when compared to classical cryo-sectioning, as lack of lipids maximizes antibody penetration within the tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bernal
- Department of System's Biology, Medical School, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Cisneros
- Department of System's Biology, Medical School, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Universitario Internacional de Madrid (CUNIMAD), Madrid, Spain
| | - N García-Magro
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Medical School, Autonoma University of Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Roza
- Department of System's Biology, Medical School, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Catapano J, Antonyshyn K, Zhang JJ, Gordon T, Borschel GH. Corneal Neurotization Improves Ocular Surface Health in a Novel Rat Model of Neurotrophic Keratopathy and Corneal Neurotization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:4345-4354. [PMID: 30193306 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Corneal neurotization is a novel surgical procedure to reinnervate the cornea in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy (NK). We developed a rat model of NK and corneal neurotization to further investigate corneal neurotization as a treatment to improve maintenance and healing of the corneal epithelium. Methods Thy1-GFP+ Sprague Dawley rats were used to develop the model. Corneal denervation was performed via stereotactic electrocautery of the ophthalmomaxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve. Corneal neurotization was performed by guiding donor sensory axons from the contralateral infraorbital nerve into the cornea via two nerve grafts. Corneal imaging, including nerve density measurements and retrograde labeling were performed to validate the model. In vivo assays of corneal maintenance and repair were used to examine whether treatment with corneal neurotization improved healing in rats with NK. Results Corneal neurotization significantly increased corneal axon density in rats with NK (P < 0.01). Retrograde labeling of the cornea in rats with corneal neurotization labeled 206 ± 82 neurons in the contralateral trigeminal ganglion, confirming axons reinnervating the cornea derived from the contralateral infraorbital nerve. Corneal reinnervation after corneal neurotization improved corneal epithelial maintenance and corneal healing after injury (P < 0.01). Conclusions Donor nerve fibers reinnervate the insensate cornea after corneal neurotization and significantly improve corneal maintenance and repair. This model can be used to further investigate how corneal neurotization influences epithelial maintenance and repair in the context of NK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Catapano
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kira Antonyshyn
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Zhang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tessa Gordon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory H Borschel
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,SickKids Research Institute Program in Neuroscience, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cho J, Bell N, Botzet G, Vora P, Fowler BJ, Donahue R, Bush H, Taylor BK, Albuquerque RJC. Latent Sensitization in a Mouse Model of Ocular Neuropathic Pain. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:6. [PMID: 30937216 PMCID: PMC6436610 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic ocular pain is poorly understood and difficult to manage. We developed a murine model of corneal surface injury (CSI)-induced chronic ocular neuropathic pain. The study focuses on changes in corneal nerve morphology and associated short- and long-term pain-like behavior after CSI. Methods CSI was induced in mice by local application of an alkali solution (0.75 N NaOH). Corneal nerve architecture, morphology, density, and length were studied. Eye-wiping was evaluated before and after CSI in response to hypertonic saline (2 M NaCl). Naltrexone (NTX) or Naloxone-methiodide (NLX-me), opioid receptor antagonists, were given subcutaneously (s.c., 3 mg/kg) or topically (eye drop, 100 μM), and then an eye-wiping test was performed. Results CSI caused partial corneal deinnervation followed by gradual reinnervation. Regenerated nerves displayed increased tortuosity, beading, and branching. CSI enhanced hypertonic saline-induced eye-wiping behavior compared to baseline or sham-injury (P < 0.01). This hypersensitivity peaked at 10 days and subsided 14 days after CSI. Administration of NTX, or NLX-me, a selective peripheral opioid antagonist, reinstated eye-wiping behavior in the injury group, but not in the sham groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study introduces a model of chronic ocular pain and corneal neuropathy following CSI. CSI induces central and peripheral opioid receptor-dependent latent sensitization (LS) that is unmasked by systemic or topical administration of opioid antagonists. Translational Relevance This model of chronic ocular pain establishes LS as a new inhibitory mechanism in the oculotrigeminal system and may be used for potential diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for ocular neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jooyoung Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Nicholas Bell
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Gregory Botzet
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Paras Vora
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Benjamin J Fowler
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Renee Donahue
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Heather Bush
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Bradley K Taylor
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Marek V, Potey A, Réaux-Le-Goazigo A, Reboussin E, Charbonnier A, Villette T, Baudouin C, Rostène W, Denoyer A, Mélik Parsadaniantz S. Blue light exposure in vitro causes toxicity to trigeminal neurons and glia through increased superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:27-39. [PMID: 30496813 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Today the noxiousness of blue light from natural and particularly artificial (fluorescent tubes, LED panels, visual displays) sources is actively discussed in the context of various ocular diseases. Many of them have an important neurologic component and are associated with ocular pain. This neuropathic signal is provided by nociceptive neurons from trigeminal ganglia. However, the phototoxicity of blue light on trigeminal neurons has not been explored so far. The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the cytotoxic impact of various wavebands of visible light (410-630 nm) on primary cell culture of mouse trigeminal neural and glial cells. Three-hour exposure to narrow wavebands of blue light centered at 410, 440 and 480 nm of average 1.1 mW/cm2 irradiance provoked cell death, altered cell morphology and induced oxidative stress and inflammation. These effects were not observed for other tested visible wavebands. We observed that neurons and glial cells processed the light signal in different manner, in terms of resulting superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generation, inflammatory biomarkers expression and phototoxic mitochondrial damage. We analyzed the pathways of photic signal reception, and we proposed that, in trigeminal cells, in addition to widely known mitochondria-mediated light absorption, light could be received by means of non-visual opsins, melanopsin (opn4) and neuropsin (opn5). We also investigated the mechanisms underlying the observed phototoxicity, further suggesting an important role of the endoplasmic reticulum in neuronal transmission of blue-light-toxic message. Taken together, our results give some insight into circuit of tangled pain and photosensitivity frequently observed in patients consulting for these ocular symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Marek
- R&D, Essilor International, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.
| | - A Potey
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | | | - E Reboussin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - A Charbonnier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - T Villette
- R&D, Essilor International, Paris, France
| | - C Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Nationale d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France; Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Université, Versailles, France
| | - W Rostène
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - A Denoyer
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Nationale d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France; CHU Robert Debré, Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Melik Parsadaniantz S, Rostène W, Baudouin C, Réaux-Le Goazigo A. [Understanding chronic ocular pain]. Biol Aujourdhui 2018; 212:1-11. [PMID: 30362450 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2018017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common chronic condition with multifactorial etiologies that is increasing in prevalence worldwide, up to 20% in the elderly. The economic burden and impact of DED on vision, quality of life, work productivity, psychological and physical impact of pain, are considerable. Chronic ocular pain is the most common symptom of DED and there is currently no topical ocular analgesic therapy available to treat this debilitating disease. Eye pain can be perceived as itch, irritation, dryness, grittiness, burning, aching, and light sensitivity. Ocular pain is triggered by corneal nociceptors (cornea being the most sensory innervated tissue of the body). It was clearly established that repeated direct damage to ocular surface and per se corneal nerves can cause peripheral and central sensitization mechanisms explaining the ocular pain in some patients with DED. However, the brain regions and the neuronal pathways associated with ocular pain are still unclear. Thus, a better characterization of chronic ocular pain and an understanding of the peripheral and central molecular and cellular mechanisms involved are crucial issues for developing effective management and therapeutic strategy to alleviate ocular pain. In this review, we first describe the nociceptive corneal nerve pathways and the classification and the neurochemistry of primary afferents innervating the cornea. Then, an update of the fundamental and clinical studies related to the inflammatory processes linked to ocular pain is detailed. The last part of the review presents the diagnostic tools used in clinic for evaluating corneal sensitivity and corneal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William Rostène
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France - Département d'Ophtalmologie III, Hôpital National des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France - Département d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, APHP, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Godefroy D, Rostène W, Anouar Y, Goazigo ARL. Tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the mouse transparent brain and adrenal glands. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 126:367-375. [PMID: 30206700 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Working on catecholamine systems for years, the neuropharmacologist Arvid Carlsson has made a number of important and pioneering discoveries, which have highlighted the key role of these neuronal and peripheral neurotransmitters in brain functions and adrenal regulations. Since then, major advances have been made concerning the distribution of the catecholaminergic systems in particular by studying their rate-limiting enzyme, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Recently new methods of tissue transparency coupled with in toto immununostaining and three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies allow to precisely map TH immunoreactive pathways in the mouse brain and adrenal glands. High magnification images and movies obtained with combined technologies (iDISCO+ and light-sheet microscopy) are presented in this review dedicated to the pioneer work of Arvid Carlsson and his collaborators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Godefroy
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, Paris, France
- Normandie Université, INSERM, U1239, DC2N, IRIB, UNIROUEN, Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - William Rostène
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, Paris, France.
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Normandie Université, INSERM, U1239, DC2N, IRIB, UNIROUEN, Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dua HS, Said DG, Messmer EM, Rolando M, Benitez-del-Castillo JM, Hossain PN, Shortt AJ, Geerling G, Nubile M, Figueiredo FC, Rauz S, Mastropasqua L, Rama P, Baudouin C. Neurotrophic keratopathy. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 66:107-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
33
|
Epah J, Pálfi K, Dienst FL, Malacarne PF, Bremer R, Salamon M, Kumar S, Jo H, Schürmann C, Brandes RP. 3D Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Vascular Networks: A Comparison of Ultramicroscopy and Micro-Computed Tomography. Theranostics 2018; 8:2117-2133. [PMID: 29721067 PMCID: PMC5928875 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Classic histology is the gold standard for vascular network imaging and analysis. The method however is laborious and prone to artefacts. Here, the suitability of ultramicroscopy (UM) and micro-computed tomography (CT) was studied to establish potential alternatives to histology. Methods: The vasculature of murine organs (kidney, heart and atherosclerotic carotid arteries) was visualized using conventional 2D microscopy, 3D light sheet ultramicroscopy (UM) and micro-CT. Moreover, spheroid-based human endothelial cell vessel formation in mice was quantified. Fluorescently labeled Isolectin GS-IB4 A647 was used for in vivo labeling of vasculature for UM analysis, and analyses were performed ex vivo after sample preparation. For CT imaging, animals were perfused postmortem with radiopaque contrast agent. Results: Using UM imaging, 3D vascular network information could be obtained in samples of animals receiving in vivo injection of the fluorescently labeled Isolectin GS-IB4. Resolution was sufficient to measure single endothelial cell integration into capillaries in the spheroid-based matrigel plug assay. Because of the selective staining of the endothelium, imaging of larger vessels yielded less favorable results. Using micro-CT or even nano-CT, imaging of capillaries was impossible due to insufficient X-ray absorption and thus insufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Identification of lumen in murine arteries using micro-CT was in contrast superior to UM. Conclusion: UM and micro-CT are two complementary techniques. Whereas UM is ideal for imaging and especially quantifying capillary networks and arterioles, larger vascular structures are easier and faster to quantify and visualize using micro-CT. 3D information of both techniques is superior to 2D histology. UM and micro-CT together may open a new field of clinical pathology diagnosis.
Collapse
|
34
|
Godefroy D, Dominici C, Hardin-Pouzet H, Anouar Y, Melik-Parsadaniantz S, Rostène W, Reaux-Le Goazigo A. Three-dimensional distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase, vasopressin and oxytocin neurones in the transparent postnatal mouse brain. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29. [PMID: 29044774 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, advances in immunohistochemistry techniques have been a critical step in detecting and mapping neuromodulatory substances in the central nervous system. The better quality and specificity of primary antibodies, new staining procedures and the spectacular development of imaging technologies have allowed such progress. Very recently, new methods permitting tissue transparency have been successfully used on brain tissues. In the present study, we combined whole-mount immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), with the iDISCO+ clearing method, light-sheet microscopy and semi-automated counting of three-dimensionally-labelled neurones to obtain a (3D) distribution of these neuronal populations in a 5-day postnatal (P5) mouse brain. Segmentation procedure and 3D reconstruction allowed us, with high resolution, to map TH staining of the various catecholaminergic cell groups and their ascending and descending fibre pathways. We show that TH pathways are present in the whole P5 mouse brain, similar to that observed in the adult rat brain. We also provide new information on the postnatal distribution of OXT and AVP immunoreactive cells in the mouse hypothalamus, and show that, compared to AVP neurones, OXT neurones in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei are not yet mature in the early postnatal period. 3D semi-automatic quantitative analysis of the PVN reveals that OXT cell bodies are more numerous than AVP neurones, although their immunoreactive soma have a volume half smaller. More AVP nerve fibres compared to OXT were observed in the PVN and the retrochiasmatic area. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate the utility and the potency of imaging large brain tissues with clearing procedures coupled to novel 3D imaging technologies to study, localise and quantify neurotransmitter substances involved in brain and neuroendocrine functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Godefroy
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
- Normandie Université, INSERM, U1239, DC2N, IRIB, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - C Dominici
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - H Hardin-Pouzet
- Neuroscience Paris - Seine Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM CNRS, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Y Anouar
- Normandie Université, INSERM, U1239, DC2N, IRIB, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - S Melik-Parsadaniantz
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - W Rostène
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - A Reaux-Le Goazigo
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Universités, INSERM CNRS UMRS 968, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Réaux-Le Goazigo A, Labbé A, Baudouin C, Melik Parsadaniantz S. La douleur oculaire chronique : mieux la comprendre pour mieux la traiter. Med Sci (Paris) 2017; 33:749-757. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20173308020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
36
|
Juricek L, Carcaud J, Pelhaitre A, Riday TT, Chevallier A, Lanzini J, Auzeil N, Laprévote O, Dumont F, Jacques S, Letourneur F, Massaad C, Agulhon C, Barouki R, Beraneck M, Coumoul X. AhR-deficiency as a cause of demyelinating disease and inflammation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9794. [PMID: 28851966 PMCID: PMC5575046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor(AhR) is among the most important receptors which bind pollutants; however it also regulates signaling pathways independently of such exposure. We previously demonstrated that AhR is expressed during development of the central nervous system(CNS) and that its deletion leads to the occurrence of a congenital nystagmus. Objectives of the present study are to decipher the origin of these deficits, and to identify the role of the AhR in the development of the CNS. We show that the AhR-knockout phenotype develops during early infancy together with deficits in visual-information-processing which are associated with an altered optic nerve myelin sheath, which exhibits modifications in its lipid composition and in the expression of myelin-associated-glycoprotein(MAG), a cell adhesion molecule involved in myelin-maintenance and glia-axon interaction. In addition, we show that the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines is increased in the impaired optic nerve and confirm that inflammation is causally related with an AhR-dependent decreased expression of MAG. Overall, our findings demonstrate the role of the AhR as a physiological regulator of myelination and inflammatory processes in the developing CNS. It identifies a mechanism by which environmental pollutants might influence CNS myelination and suggest AhR as a relevant drug target for demyelinating diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Juricek
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Julie Carcaud
- CNRS UMR8119, Centre de Neurophysique, Physiologie, Pathologie, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Alice Pelhaitre
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Thorfinn T Riday
- CNRS FR 3636, Glia-Glia and Glia-Neuron Interactions Group, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Aline Chevallier
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Justine Lanzini
- CNRS UMR8638 Chimie Organique, Médicinale et Extractive et Toxicologie Expérimentale, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Auzeil
- CNRS UMR8638 Chimie Organique, Médicinale et Extractive et Toxicologie Expérimentale, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- CNRS UMR8638 Chimie Organique, Médicinale et Extractive et Toxicologie Expérimentale, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dumont
- Plate-Forme Séquençage et Génomique, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Jacques
- Plate-Forme Séquençage et Génomique, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Frank Letourneur
- Plate-Forme Séquençage et Génomique, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Charbel Massaad
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Cendra Agulhon
- CNRS FR 3636, Glia-Glia and Glia-Neuron Interactions Group, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Beraneck
- CNRS UMR8119, Centre de Neurophysique, Physiologie, Pathologie, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation cellulaire, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
High-resolution 3D imaging of whole organ after clearing: taking a new look at the zebrafish testis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43012. [PMID: 28211501 PMCID: PMC5314416 DOI: 10.1038/srep43012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish testis has become a powerful model for reproductive biology of teleostean fishes and other vertebrates and encompasses multiple applications in applied and basic research. Many studies have focused on 2D images, which is time consuming and implies extrapolation of results. Three-dimensional imaging of whole organs recently became an important challenge to better understand their architecture and allow cell enumeration. Several protocols have thus been developed to enhance sample transparency, a limiting step for imaging large biological samples. However, none of these methods has been applied to the zebrafish testis. We tested five clearing protocols to determine if some of them could be applied with only small modifications to the testis. We compared clearing efficiency at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. CUBIC and PACT were suitable for an efficient transparency, an optimal optical penetration, the GFP fluorescence preservation and avoiding meaningful tissue deformation. Finally, we succeeded in whole testis 3D capture at a cellular resolution with both CUBIC and PACT, which will be valuable in a standard workflow to investigate the 3D architecture of the testis and its cellular content. This paves the way for further development of high content phenotyping studies in several fields including development, genetic or toxicology.
Collapse
|
38
|
Launay PS, Reboussin E, Liang H, Kessal K, Godefroy D, Rostene W, Sahel JA, Baudouin C, Melik Parsadaniantz S, Reaux Le Goazigo A. Ocular inflammation induces trigeminal pain, peripheral and central neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 88:16-28. [PMID: 26747211 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface diseases are among the most frequent ocular pathologies, with prevalence ranging from 20% of the general population. In addition, ocular pain following corneal injury is frequently observed in clinic. The aim of the study was to characterize the peripheral and central neuroinflammatory process in the trigeminal pathways in response to cornea alteration induced by chronic topical instillations of 0.2% benzalkonium chloride (BAC) in male C57BL/6J mice. In vitro BAC induced neurotoxicity and increases neuronal (FOS, ATF3) and pro-inflammatory (IL-6) markers in primary mouse trigeminal ganglion culture. BAC-treated mice exhibited 7days after the treatment reduced aqueous tear production and increased inflammatory cell infiltration in the cornea. Hypertonic saline-evoked eye wipe behavior was enhanced in BAC-treated animals that exhibited increased FOS, ATF3 and Iba1 immunoreactivity in the trigeminal ganglion. Ocular inflammation is associated with a significant increase in IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression in the trigeminal ganglion. We reported a strong increase in FOS and Iba1 positive cells in particular in the sensory trigeminal complex at the ipsilateral interpolaris/caudalis (Vi/Vc) transition and Vc/upper cervical cord (Vc/C1) regions. In addition, activated microglial cells were tightly wrapped around activated FOS neurons in both regions and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was markedly enhanced specifically in microglial cells during ocular inflammation. Similar data were obtained in the facial motor nucleus. These neuroanatomical data correlated with the increase in mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, CCL2) and neuronal (FOS and ATF3) markers. Interestingly, the suppression of corneal inflammation 10days following the end of BAC treatment resulted in a marked attenuation of peripheral and central changes observed in pathological conditions. This study provides the first demonstration that corneal inflammation induces activation of neurons and microglial p38 MAPK pathway within sensory trigeminal complex. These results suggest that this altered activity in intracellular signaling caused by ocular inflammation might play a priming role in the central sensitization of ocular related brainstem circuits, which represents a significant factor in ocular pain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Serge Launay
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Elodie Reboussin
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Hong Liang
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Karima Kessal
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France
| | - David Godefroy
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France
| | - William Rostene
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Jose-Alain Sahel
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Stéphane Melik Parsadaniantz
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France
| | - Annabelle Reaux Le Goazigo
- INSERM, U968, Paris, F-75012, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université UPMC, Paris 06, UM 80, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7210, Paris F-75012, France.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hayek SM, Sweet JA, Miller JP, Sayegh RR. Successful Management of Corneal Neuropathic Pain with Intrathecal Targeted Drug Delivery. PAIN MEDICINE 2015; 17:1302-7. [PMID: 26814286 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnv058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the successful treatment of refractory corneal neuropathic pain with neuromodulation techniques. DESIGN Single case report. SETTING Academic tertiary care center in the United States of America. SUBJECT AND METHODS A 30-year-old woman presented with a 7-year history of refractory bilateral keratoneuralgia following laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure on both eyes. Having failed all conservative measures, the patient initially underwent trigeminal nerve stimulation and subsequently was implanted with an intrathecal drug delivery system (IDDS) with the catheter placed at the level C1. RESULTS Following an initial favorable response to the trigeminal nerve stimulator, the pain became refractory to neurostimulation after a few months and the system was explanted. The patient was successfully trialed with an intrathecal catheter placed at the level of C1 delivering a combination of bupivacaine and low dose fentanyl. The patient was then implanted with an IDDS equipped with a patient-activated bolus system. The patient was very satisfied with the treatment and has had greater than 50% pain relief for over a year. CONCLUSIONS Intrathecal delivery of bupivacaine and low dose fentanyl in the upper cervical spine can be effective in controlling refractory eye pain in properly selected patients and treatment centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim M Hayek
- *Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Jennifer A Sweet
- Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery
| | - Jonathan P Miller
- Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery
| | - Rony R Sayegh
- University Hospitals Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|