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Gustafson D, DiStefano PV, Wang XF, Wu R, Ghaffari S, Ching C, Rathnakumar K, Alibhai F, Syonov M, Fitzpatrick J, Boudreau E, Lau C, Galant N, Husain M, Li RK, Lee WL, Parekh RS, Monnier PP, Fish JE. Circulating small extracellular vesicles mediate vascular hyperpermeability in diabetes. Diabetologia 2024; 67:1138-1154. [PMID: 38489029 PMCID: PMC11058313 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS A hallmark chronic complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus is vascular hyperpermeability, which encompasses dysfunction of the cerebrovascular endothelium and the subsequent development of associated cognitive impairment. The present study tested the hypothesis that during type 2 diabetes circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) exhibit phenotypic changes that facilitate pathogenic disruption of the vascular barrier. METHODS sEVs isolated from the plasma of a mouse model of type 2 diabetes and from diabetic human individuals were characterised for their ability to disrupt the endothelial cell (EC) barrier. The contents of sEVs and their effect on recipient ECs were assessed by proteomics and identified pathways were functionally interrogated with small molecule inhibitors. RESULTS Using intravital imaging, we found that diabetic mice (Leprdb/db) displayed hyperpermeability of the cerebrovasculature. Enhanced vascular leakiness was recapitulated following i.v. injection of sEVs from diabetic mice into non-diabetic recipient mice. Characterisation of circulating sEV populations from the plasma of diabetic mice and humans demonstrated increased quantity and size of sEVs compared with those isolated from non-diabetic counterparts. Functional experiments revealed that sEVs from diabetic mice or humans induced the rapid and sustained disruption of the EC barrier through enhanced paracellular and transcellular leak but did not induce inflammation. Subsequent sEV proteome and recipient EC phospho-proteome analysis suggested that extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from diabetic mice and humans modulate the MAPK/MAPK kinase (MEK) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathways, cell-cell junctions and actin dynamics. This was confirmed experimentally. Treatment of sEVs with proteinase K or pre-treatment of recipient cells with MEK or ROCK inhibitors reduced the hyperpermeability-inducing effects of circulating sEVs in the diabetic state. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Diabetes is associated with marked increases in the concentration and size of circulating sEVs. The modulation of sEV-associated proteins under diabetic conditions can induce vascular leak through activation of the MEK/ROCK pathway. These data identify a new paradigm by which diabetes can induce hyperpermeability and dysfunction of the cerebrovasculature and may implicate sEVs in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline during type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota Gustafson
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter V DiStefano
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xue Fan Wang
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruilin Wu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Crizza Ching
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Faisal Alibhai
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michal Syonov
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Fitzpatrick
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Women's College Hospital, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emilie Boudreau
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cori Lau
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Natalie Galant
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mansoor Husain
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Warren L Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rulan S Parekh
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Women's College Hospital, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason E Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Martins B, Pires M, Ambrósio AF, Girão H, Fernandes R. Contribution of extracellular vesicles for the pathogenesis of retinal diseases: shedding light on blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:48. [PMID: 38730462 PMCID: PMC11088087 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal degenerative diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), loom as threats to vision, causing detrimental effects on the structure and function of the retina. Central to understanding these diseases, is the compromised state of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), an effective barrier that regulates the influx of immune and inflammatory components. Whether BRB breakdown initiates retinal distress, or is a consequence of disease progression, remains enigmatic. Nevertheless, it is an indication of retinal dysfunction and potential vision loss.The intricate intercellular dialogues among retinal cell populations remain unintelligible in the complex retinal milieu, under conditions of inflammation and oxidative stress. The retina, a specialized neural tissue, sustains a ceaseless demand for oxygen and nutrients from two vascular networks. The BRB orchestrates the exchange of molecules and fluids within this specialized region, comprising the inner BRB (iBRB) and the outer BRB (oBRB). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous structures, and act as messengers facilitating intercellular communication in this milieu.EVs, both from retinal and peripheral immune cells, increase complexity to BRB dysfunction in DR and AMD. Laden with bioactive cargoes, these EVs can modulate the retinal microenvironment, influencing disease progression. Our review delves into the multifaceted role of EVs in retinal degenerative diseases, elucidating the molecular crosstalk they orchestrate, and their microRNA (miRNA) content. By shedding light on these nanoscale messengers, from their biogenesis, release, to interaction and uptake by target cells, we aim to deepen the comprehension of BRB dysfunction and explore their therapeutic potential, therefore increasing our understanding of DR and AMD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
| | - Maria Pires
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, 3004-561, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, 3004-561, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal.
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal.
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal.
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, 3004-561, Portugal.
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal.
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Caruso L, Fields M, Rimondi E, Zauli G, Longo G, Marcuzzi A, Previati M, Gonelli A, Zauli E, Milani D. Classical and Innovative Evidence for Therapeutic Strategies in Retinal Dysfunctions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2124. [PMID: 38396799 PMCID: PMC10889839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The human retina is a complex anatomical structure that has no regenerative capacity. The pathogenesis of most retinopathies can be attributed to inflammation, with the activation of the inflammasome protein platform, and to the impact of oxidative stress on the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy/mitophagy in retinal cells. In recent years, new therapeutic approaches to treat retinopathies have been investigated. Experimental data suggest that the secretome of mesenchymal cells could reduce oxidative stress, autophagy, and the apoptosis of retinal cells, and in turn, the secretome of the latter could induce changes in mesenchymal cells. Other studies have evidenced that noncoding (nc)RNAs might be new targets for retinopathy treatment and novel disease biomarkers since a correlation has been found between ncRNA levels and retinopathies. A new field to explore is the interaction observed between the ocular and intestinal microbiota; indeed, recent findings have shown that the alteration of gut microbiota seems to be linked to ocular diseases, suggesting a gut-eye axis. To explore new therapeutical strategies for retinopathies, it is important to use proper models that can mimic the complexity of the retina. In this context, retinal organoids represent a good model for the study of the pathophysiology of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Matteo Fields
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
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Zhong Y, Xia J, Liao L, Momeni MR. Non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in diabetic retinopathy: A narrative review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:128182. [PMID: 37977468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a devastating complication of diabetes, having extensive and resilient effects on those who suffer from it. As yet, the underlying cell mechanisms of this microvascular disorder are largely unclear. Recently, growing evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms can be responsible for gene deregulation leading to the alteration of key processes in the development and progression of DR, in addition to the widely recognized pathological mechanisms. It is noteworthy that seemingly unending epigenetic modifications, caused by a prolonged period of hyperglycemia, may be a prominent factor that leads to metabolic memory, and brings epigenetic entities such as non-coding RNA into the equation. Consequently, further investigation is necessary to truly understand this mechanism. Exosomes are responsible for carrying signals from cells close to the vasculature that are participating in abnormal signal transduction to faraway organs and cells by sailing through the bloodstream. These signs indicate metabolic disorders. With the aid of their encased structure, they can store diverse signaling molecules, which then can be dispersed into the blood, urine, and tears. Herein, we summarized various non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are related to DR pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlighted the role of exosomal ncRNAs in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhong
- Endocrinology Department, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Endocrinology Department, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 3, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Momeni
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Mahajan N, Luo Q, Abhyankar S, Bhatwadekar AD. Transcriptomic Profile of Lin - Sca1 + c-kit (LSK) cells in db/db mice with long-standing diabetes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.22.576754. [PMID: 38328165 PMCID: PMC10849703 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.22.576754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The Lin - Sca1 + c-Kit + (LSK) fraction comprises multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), vital to tissue homeostasis and vascular repair. While HSC homeostasis is impaired in diabetes, it is not known how chronic (>6 months) type 2 diabetes (T2D) alters the HSC transcriptome. Herein, we assessed the transcriptomic signature of HSCs in db/db mice employing mRNA and miRNA sequencing. We uncovered 2076 mRNAs and 35 miRNAs differentially expressed in db/db mice, including two novel miRNAs previously unreported in T2D. Further analysis of these transcripts showed a molecular shift with an increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokine expression. Also, pathway mapping unveiled inflammation and angiogenesis as one of the top pathways. These effects were reflected in bone marrow mobilopathy, retinal microglial inflammation, and neurovascular deficits in db/db mice. In conclusion, our study highlights that chronic diabetes alters HSCs' at the transcriptomic level, thus potentially contributing to overall homeostasis and neurovascular deficits of diabetes, such as diabetic retinopathy. Highlights Bone marrow mobilopathy with long-standing diabetesSwitch in LSK transcriptomic profile towards inflammation and angiogenesisDiscovered 35 miRNAs, including two novel miRNAs, miR-3968 and miR-1971LSK dysfunction reflected in inflammation and neurovascular deficits of the retina.
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6
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Manai F, Smedowski A, Kaarniranta K, Comincini S, Amadio M. Extracellular vesicles in degenerative retinal diseases: A new therapeutic paradigm. J Control Release 2024; 365:448-468. [PMID: 38013069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs), consisting of exomers, exosomes and microvesicles/ectosomes, have been extensively investigated in the last 20 years, although their biological role is still something of a mystery. EVs are involved in the transfer of lipids, nucleic acids and proteins from donor to recipient cells or distant organs as well as regulating cell-cell communication and signaling. Thus, EVs are important in intercellular communication and this is not limited to sister cells, but may also mediate the crosstalk between different cell types even over long distances. EVs play crucial functions in both cellular homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diseases, and since their contents reflect the status of the donor cell, they represent an additional valuable source of information for characterizing complex biological processes. Recent advances in isolation and analytical methods have led to substantial improvements in both characterizing and engineering EVs, leading to their use either as novel biomarkers for disease diagnosis/prognosis or even as novel therapies. Due to their capacity to carry biomolecules, various EV-based therapeutic applications have been devised for several pathological conditions, including eye diseases. In the eye, EVs have been detected in the retina, aqueous humor, vitreous body and also in tears. Experiences with other forms of intraocular drug applications have opened new ways to use EVs in the treatment of retinal diseases. We here provide a comprehensive summary of the main in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo literature-based studies on EVs' role in ocular physiological and pathological conditions. We have focused on age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, which are common eye diseases leading to permanent blindness, if not treated properly. In addition, the putative use of EVs in retinitis pigmentosa and other retinopathies is discussed. Finally, we have reviewed the potential of EVs as therapeutic tools and/or biomarkers in the above-mentioned retinal disorders. Evidence emerging from experimental disease models and human material strongly suggests future diagnostic and/or therapeutic exploitation of these biological agents in various ocular disorders with a good possibility to improve the patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adrian Smedowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; GlaucoTech Co., Katowice, Poland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Beltramo E, Mazzeo A, Porta M. Release of Pro-Inflammatory/Angiogenic Factors by Retinal Microvascular Cells Is Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles Derived from M1-Activated Microglia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:15. [PMID: 38203187 PMCID: PMC10778795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The interactions between the neuronal and vascular sides of the retina during diabetic retinopathy (DR) have gained increasing attention. Microglia is responsible for the immune response to inflammation inside the retina, which could be mediated by paracrine signals carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs). We aimed to characterize EVs released from immortalized human microglial cells in inflammation and investigate their effects on the retinal microvasculature and the anti-inflammatory potential of thiamine in this context. M1 pro-inflammatory polarization in microglia was induced through a cytokine cocktail. EVs were isolated from the supernatants, characterized, and used to stimulate human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) and pericytes (HRPs). Microvascular cell functions and their release of pro-inflammatory/angiogenic factors were assessed. M1-derived EVs showed increased content of miR-21, miR-155, CCL2, MMP2, and MMP9, and enhanced apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and ROS production in HRPs and HRECs. IL-1β, IL-6, MMP9, CCL2, and VEGF release increased in HRPs exposed to M1-derived EVs, while HRECs showed augmented IL-6, Ang2, VEGF, and PDFG-B. Addition of thiamine to M1-microglial cultures reverted most of these effects. In conclusion, M1-derived EVs stimulate functional changes and secretion of pro-inflammatory/angiogenic molecules in microvascular cells, exacerbating inflammatory damage and retinopathy features. Thiamine added to microglia exerts anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Beltramo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.)
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Nemecz M, Stefan DS, Comarița IK, Constantin A, Tanko G, Guja C, Georgescu A. Microvesicle-associated and circulating microRNAs in diabetic dyslipidemia: miR-218, miR-132, miR-143, and miR-21, miR-122, miR-155 have biomarker potential. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:260. [PMID: 37749569 PMCID: PMC10521428 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01988-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating MicroRNAs (miRNAs) carried by microvesicles (MVs) have various physiological and pathological functions by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression being considered markers for many diseases including diabetes and dyslipidemia. We aimed to identify new common miRNAs both in MVs and plasma that could be predictive biomarkers for diabetic dyslipidemia evolution. METHODS For this purpose, plasma from 63 participants in the study (17 type 2 diabetic patients, 17 patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia, 14 patients with dyslipidemia alone and 15 clinically healthy persons without diabetes or dyslipidemia) was used for the analysis of circulating cytokines, MVs, miRNAs and MV-associated miRNAs. RESULTS The results uncovered three miRNAs, miR-218, miR-132 and miR-143, whose expression was found to be significantly up-regulated in both circulating MVs and plasma from diabetic patients with dyslipidemia. These miRNAs showed significant correlations with important plasma markers, representative of this pathology. Thus, MV/plasma miR-218 was negatively correlated with the levels of erythrocyte MVs, plasma miR-132 was positively connected with MV miR-132 and negatively with uric acid and erythrocyte plasma levels, and plasma miR-143 was negatively related with creatinine levels and diastolic blood pressure. Also, three miRNAs common to MV and plasma, namely miR-21, miR-122, and miR-155, were identified to be down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, in diabetic dyslipidemia. In addition, MV miR-21 was positively linked with cholesterol plasma levels and plasma miR-21 with TNFα plasma levels, MV miR-122 was negatively correlated with LDL-c levels and plasma miR-122 with creatinine and diastolic blood pressure and positively with MV miR-126 levels, MV miR-155 was positively associated with cholesterol and total MV levels and negatively with HDL-c levels, whereas plasma miR-155 was positively correlated with Il-1β plasma levels and total MV levels and negatively with MV miR-223 levels. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, miR-218, miR-132, miR-143, and miR-21, miR-122, miR-155 show potential as biomarkers for diabetic dyslipidemia, but there is a need for more in-depth studies. These findings bring new information regarding the molecular biomarkers specific to diabetic dyslipidemia and could have important implications for the treatment of patients affected by this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna Nemecz
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Diana Simona Stefan
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease 'Prof. Dr. Nicolae Constantin Paulescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Karla Comarița
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Constantin
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Tanko
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Guja
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease 'Prof. Dr. Nicolae Constantin Paulescu', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Georgescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.
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Satyadev N, Rivera MI, Nikolov NK, Fakoya AOJ. Exosomes as biomarkers and therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated complications. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1241096. [PMID: 37745252 PMCID: PMC10515224 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1241096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. However, T2DM still remains underdiagnosed and undertreated resulting in poor quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. Given this ongoing burden, researchers have attempted to locate new therapeutic targets as well as methodologies to identify the disease and its associated complications at an earlier stage. Several studies over the last few decades have identified exosomes, small extracellular vesicles that are released by cells, as pivotal contributors to the pathogenesis of T2DM and its complications. These discoveries suggest the possibility of novel detection and treatment methods. This review provides a comprehensive presentation of exosomes that hold potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Additional focus is given to characterizing the role of exosomes in T2DM complications, including diabetic angiopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic wound healing. This study reveals that the utilization of exosomes as diagnostic markers and therapies is a realistic possibility for both T2DM and its complications. However, the majority of the current research is limited to animal models, warranting further investigation of exosomes in clinical trials. This review represents the most extensive and up-to-date exploration of exosomes in relation to T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Satyadev
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Milagros I. Rivera
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis
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Fu C, Peng J, Ling Y, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Ai M, Peng Q, Qin Y. Apigenin inhibits angiogenesis in retinal microvascular endothelial cells through regulating of the miR-140-5p/HDAC3-mediated PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:302. [PMID: 37415101 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common cause of visual impairment. Apigenin has been shown to have antiangiogenic effects in various diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the role of apigenin in DR and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were exposed to high glucose (HG) to establish a DR model. HRMECs were treated with apigenin. Then we knocked down or overexpressed miR-140-5p and HDAC3, and added PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002. The expression levels of miR-140-5p, HDAC3, and PTEN were measured using qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the expression of HDAC3, PTEN, and PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins. Finally, cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using MTT, wound-healing assay, and transwell assay, while angiogenesis was examined using the tube formation assay. RESULTS HG treatment resulted in reduced miR-140-5p expression and overexpression of miR-140-5p suppressed proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of the HG-induced HRMECs. Apigenin treatment significantly restored the decreased level of miR-140-5p caused by HG treatment and inhibited proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of the HG-induced HRMECs by upregulating miR-140-5p. Moreover, miR-140-5p targeted HDAC3, and overexpression of miR-140-5p reversed the HG-inducted upregulation of HDAC3 expression. HDAC3 was found to bind to the promoter region of PTEN, inhibiting its expression. Knockdown of HDAC3 suppressed the PI3K/AKT pathway by elevating PTEN expression. Furthermore, apigenin inhibited angiogenesis in DR cell models through the regulating of the miR-140-5p/HDAC3-mediated PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS Apigenin effectively suppressed angiogenesis in HG-induced HRMECs by modulating the miR-140-5p/HDAC3-mediated PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Our study may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches and identification of potential targets for the treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Fu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function With Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Shaoshan Rd., Yuhua District, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjun Ling
- Institute of Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province, Lushan Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Yongwang Zhao
- Ophthalmology Department, Songjiang Branch of the First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhongshan Zhong Rd., Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201699, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Min Ai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function With Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function With Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuhui Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hanpu Rd., Yuelu District, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Technological Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Otolaryngologic Disease and Protection of Visual Function With Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
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Rezazadeh-Gavgani E, Oladghaffari M, Bahramian S, Majidazar R, Dolati S. MicroRNA-21: A critical underestimated molecule in diabetic retinopathy. Gene 2023; 859:147212. [PMID: 36690226 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has grown in attention in recent years as a result of its debilitating complications and chronic disabilities. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic microvascular complication of DM and is considered as the primary reason for blindness in adults. Early diagnosis of diabetes complications along with targeted therapy options are critical in avoiding morbidity and mortality associated with complications of diabetes. miR-21 is an important and widely studied non-coding-RNA (ncRNA) with considerable roles in various pathologic conditions including diabetic complications. miR-21 is one of the most elevated miRNAs in response to hyperglycemia and its role in angiogenesis is a major culprit of a wide range of disorders including DR. The main role of miR-21 in DR pathophysiology is believed to be through regulating angiogenesis in retina. This article aims to outline miR-21 biogenesis and distribution in human body along with discussions about its role in DR pathogenesis and its biomarker value in order to facilitate understanding of the new characteristics of miR-21 in DR management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mobina Oladghaffari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shirin Bahramian
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Majidazar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Feng X, Peng Z, Yuan L, Jin M, Hu H, Peng X, Wang Y, Zhang C, Luo Z, Liao H. Research progress of exosomes in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1100310. [PMID: 36761297 PMCID: PMC9902372 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are natural extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm, which exist in biological fluids and contain biomolecules related to the parent cell, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc. It has a wide range of biological functions, and participates in the regulation of important physiological and pathological activities of the body. It can be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of ocular diseases, a potential therapeutic target, a targeted drug carrier, and has a high potential for clinical application. In this paper, we summarized the genesis mechanism, biological functions, research and application progress of exosomes, focused on the engineering strategy of exosomes, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of common engineering exosome preparation methods. Systematically combed the role of exosomes in corneal diseases, glaucoma, and retinal diseases, to provide a reference for further understanding of the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular diseases. Finally, we further summarized the opportunities and challenges of exosomes for precision medicine. The extension of exosome research to the field of ophthalmology will help advance current diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Tiny exosomes have huge potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China,Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China,Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyi Yuan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Haijian Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Peng
- College of Fine Arts, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of ophthalmology, West China hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hongfei Liao, ; Zhiwen Luo,
| | - Hongfei Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Hongfei Liao, ; Zhiwen Luo,
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Mighty J, Rubio-Navarro A, Shi C, Zhou J, Flores-Bellver M, Heissel S, Onwumere O, Einbond L, Gharbaran R, Casper DS, Benito-Martin A, Redenti S. Extracellular vesicles of human diabetic retinopathy retinal tissue and urine of diabetic retinopathy patients are enriched for the junction plakoglo bin protein. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1077644. [PMID: 36686464 PMCID: PMC9854122 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1077644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a potentially blinding retinal disorder that develops through the pathogenesis of diabetes. The lack of disease predictors implies a poor prognosis with frequent irreversible retinal damage and vision loss. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) present a novel opportunity for pre-symptomatic disease diagnosis and prognosis, both severely limited in DR. All biological fluids contain EVs, which are currently being studied as disease biomarkers. EV proteins derived from urine have emerged as potential noninvasive biomarkers. Methods In this study, we isolated EVs from DR retinal tissue explants and from DR patients' urine, and characterized the vesicles, finding differences in particle number and size. Next, we performed proteomic analysis on human explanted DR retinal tissue conditioned media, DR retinal EVs and DR urinary EVs and compared to normal human retinal tissue, retinal EVs, and urinary EVs, respectively. Results Our system biology analysis of DR tissue and EV expression profiles revealed biological pathways related to cell-to-cell junctions, vesicle biology, and degranulation processes. Junction Plakoglobin (JUP), detected in DR tissue-derived EVs and DR urinary EVs, but not in controls, was revealed to be a central node in many identified pathogenic pathways. Proteomic results were validated by western blot. Urinary EVs obtained from healthy donors and diabetic patient without DR did not contain JUP. Conclusion The absence of JUP in healthy urinary EVs provide the basis for development of a novel Diabetic Retinopathy biomarker, potentially facilitating diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Mighty
- Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
- Biology Doctoral Program, The Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alfonso Rubio-Navarro
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs GRANADA, University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cui Shi
- Biology Doctoral Program, The Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jing Zhou
- Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
- Biology Doctoral Program, The Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Miguel Flores-Bellver
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz- Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Søren Heissel
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Onyekwere Onwumere
- Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
- Biology Doctoral Program, The Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Linda Einbond
- Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
| | | | - Daniel S. Casper
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alberto Benito-Martin
- Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
- Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Facultad de Medicina. Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephen Redenti
- Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
- Biology Doctoral Program, The Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, New York, NY, United States
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Lucci C, De Groef L. On the other end of the line: Extracellular vesicle-mediated communication in glaucoma. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1148956. [PMID: 37113676 PMCID: PMC10126352 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1148956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising field of research due to their ability to participate in cell-to-cell communication via the transfer of their very diverse and complex cargo. The latter reflects the nature and physiological state of the cell of origin and, as such, EVs may not only play a pivotal role in the cellular events that culminate into disease, but also hold great potential as drug delivery vehicles and biomarkers. Yet, their role in glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, has not been fully studied. Here, we provide an overview of the different EV subtypes along with their biogenesis and content. We elaborate on how EVs released by different cell types can exert a specific function in the context of glaucoma. Finally, we discuss how these EVs provide opportunities to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of disease.
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15
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Exosomal miRNA Profiling in Vitreous Humor in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010123. [PMID: 36611916 PMCID: PMC9818905 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs which mediate some of the pathological mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the vitreal exosomes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients and non-diabetic controls. Exosomes were extracted from the vitreous samples of 10 PDR patients and 10 controls. The expression of 372 miRNAs was determined using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) panel. We have demonstrated a significant dysregulation in 26 miRNAs. The most remarkable findings include a profound attenuation of the miR-125 family, as well as enhanced miR-21-5p expression in the diabetic samples. We also showed the downregulation of miR-204-5p and the upregulation of let-7g in PDR compared to the controls. This study identified miR-125 and miR-21 as potential targets for further functional analysis regarding their putative role in the pathogenesis of PDR.
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16
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Wang P, Li C, Deng Y, Yu Q, Meng X, Jiang T, Wang Q, Fu Y. Effect of plasma-derived extracellular vesicles on angiogenesis and the ensuing proliferative diabetic retinopathy through a miR-30b-dependent mechanism. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:188. [PMID: 36494734 PMCID: PMC9738026 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a major diabetic microvascular complication, characterized by pathological angiogenesis. This study sets out to investigate the potential molecular mechanism in the angiogenesis during PDR. METHODS The expression of microRNA-30b (miR-30b) was quantified in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mouse model of PDR. The binding affinity between SIRT1 and miR-30b was then identified and validated. After transduction with In-miR-30b or combined with sh-SIRT1, high-glucose (HG)-induced retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) were co-cultured with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the plasma of PDR mice (plasma-EVs). The proliferation and angiogenesis of RMECs were then detected in vitro. RESULTS miR-30b expression was upregulated in the retinal tissue of PDR mice. SIRT1 was a target gene of miR-30b and under the negative regulation by miR-30b in RMECs. In contrast, inhibition of miR-30b resulted in elevated SIRT1 expression, thus alleviating the angiogenesis of RMECs. miR-30b was enriched in the plasma-EVs and could be delivered to RMECs, in which miR-30b exerted pro-angiogenic effects. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-30b arrested the progression of PDR in mice by promoting the expression of SIRT1. CONCLUSION Collectively, the present study pinpointed the involvement of miR-30b delivered by plasma-EVs in PDR angiogenesis, thus laying the basis for the development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengqian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuxia Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012099. [PMID: 36292956 PMCID: PMC9603433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic disease associated with diabetes mellitus and is a leading cause of visual impairment among the working population in the US. Clinically, DR has been diagnosed and treated as a vascular complication, but it adversely impacts both neural retina and retinal vasculature. Degeneration of retinal neurons and microvasculature manifests in the diabetic retina and early stages of DR. Retinal photoreceptors undergo apoptosis shortly after the onset of diabetes, which contributes to the retinal dysfunction and microvascular complications leading to vision impairment. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of diabetes and a contributor to cell apoptosis, and retinal photoreceptors are a major source of intraocular inflammation that contributes to vascular abnormalities in diabetes. As the levels of microRNAs (miRs) are changed in the plasma and vitreous of diabetic patients, miRs have been suggested as biomarkers to determine the progression of diabetic ocular diseases, including DR. However, few miRs have been thoroughly investigated as contributors to the pathogenesis of DR. Among these miRs, miR-150 is downregulated in diabetic patients and is an endogenous suppressor of inflammation, apoptosis, and pathological angiogenesis. In this review, how miR-150 and its downstream targets contribute to diabetes-associated retinal degeneration and pathological angiogenesis in DR are discussed. Currently, there is no effective treatment to stop or reverse diabetes-caused neural and vascular degeneration in the retina. Understanding the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of DR may shed light for the future development of more effective treatments for DR and other diabetes-associated ocular diseases.
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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Aging-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6742792. [PMID: 35979398 PMCID: PMC9377967 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6742792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging shows a decline in overall physical function, and cellular senescence is the powerful catalyst leading to aging. Considering that aging will be accompanied with the emergence of various aging-related diseases, research on new antiaging drugs is still valuable. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as tools for intercellular communication, are important components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and they can play pathological roles in the process of cellular senescence. In addition, EVs are similar to their original cells in functions. Therefore, EVs derived from pathological tissues or body fluids may be closely related to the progression of diseases and become potential biomarkers, while those from healthy cells may have therapeutic effects. Moreover, EVs are satisfactory drug carriers. At present, numerous studies have supported the idea that engineered EVs could improve drug targeting ability and utilization efficiency. Here, we summarize the characteristics of EVs and cellular senescence and focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of EVs in various aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and its complications, and skin aging.
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The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Late Complications in Type 1 Diabetes. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040705. [PMID: 35456511 PMCID: PMC9029845 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the destruction of pancreatic β cells leads to hyperglycemia. The prevention of hyperglycemia is very important to avoid or at least postpone the development of micro- and macrovascular complications, also known as late complications. These include diabetic retinopathy, chronic renal failure, diabetic neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. The impact of long-term hyperglycemia has been shown to persist long after the normalization of blood glucose levels, a phenomenon known as metabolic memory. It is believed that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, play an important role in metabolic memory. The aim of this review is to address the impact of long-term hyperglycemia on epigenetic marks in late complications of type 1 diabetes.
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Garavelli S, Prattichizzo F, Ceriello A, Galgani M, de Candia P. Type 1 Diabetes and Associated Cardiovascular Damage: Contribution of Extracellular Vesicles in Tissue Crosstalk. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:631-651. [PMID: 34407376 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting β-cells, with consequent aberrant blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia is the common denominator for most of the chronic diabetic vascular complications, which represent the main cause of life reduction in T1D patients. For this disease, three interlaced medical needs remain: understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in pancreatic β-cell loss; identifying biomarkers able to predict T1D progression and its related complications; recognizing novel therapeutic targets. Recent Advances: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by most cell types, were discovered to contain a plethora of different molecules (including microRNAs) with regulatory properties, which are emerging as mediators of cell-to-cell communication at the paracrine and endocrine level. Recent knowledge suggests that EVs may act as pathogenic factors, and be developed into disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the context of several human diseases. Critical Issues: EVs have been recently shown to sustain a dysregulated cellular crosstalk able to exacerbate the autoimmune response in the pancreatic islets of T1D; moreover, EVs were shown to be able to monitor and/or predict the progression of T1D and the insurgence of vasculopathies. Future Directions: More mechanistic studies are needed to investigate whether the dysregulation of EVs in T1D patients is solely reflecting the progression of diabetes and related complications, or EVs also directly participate in the disease process, thus pointing to a potential use of EVs as therapeutic targets/tools in T1D. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 631-651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Garavelli
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Mario Galgani
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Italy
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Xu X, Li W, Zhang L, Ji Y, Qin J, Wang L, Wang M, Qi L, Xue J, Lv B, Zhang X, Xue Z. Effect of Sperm Cryopreservation on miRNA Expression and Early Embryonic Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:749486. [PMID: 35004670 PMCID: PMC8728010 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sperm preservation is a common means of personal fertility preservation, its effects on embryonic development potential need further investigation. The purpose of this study was to identify key microRNA (miRNA) in cryopreserved sperm and determine the changes of these miRNAs and their target genes during embryonic development using cryopreserved sperm. Moreover, the embryonic development potential of cryopreserved sperm was estimated in assisted reproductive technology (ART), where key miRNAs and target genes were validated in sperm and subsequent embryos. Clinical data of embryonic development from cryopreserved sperm indicated a significant decrease in fertilization rate in both in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cases, as well as a reduction in blastocyst formation rate in ICSI cases. Meanwhile there was a significant increase in blocked embryo ratio of Day1, Day2, and Day3.5 embryos when frozen-thawed mouse sperm was used, compared with fresh mouse sperm, suggesting a potential negative effect of sperm cryopreservation on embryonic development. From frozen-thawed and fresh sperm in humans and mice, respectively, 21 and 95 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) were detected. miR-148b-3p were downregulated in both human and mouse frozen-thawed sperm and were also decreased in embryos after fertilization using cryopreserved sperm. Target genes of miR-148b-3p, Pten, was identified in mouse embryos using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB). In addition, common characters of cryopreservation of mouse oocytes compared with sperm were also detected; downregulation of miR-148b-3p was also confirmed in cryopreserved oocytes. In summary, our study suggested that cryopreservation of sperm could change the expression of miRNAs, especially the miR-148b-3p across humans and mice, and may further affect fertilization and embryo development by increasing the expression of Pten. Moreover, downregulation of miR-148b-3p induced by cryopreservation was conserved in mouse gametes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqiong Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhong Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Qin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwen Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingbin Qi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfeng Xue
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Lv
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunyi Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Ye Q, Li L, Shao Z, Xu M, Li L, Yan Q, Huang B, Zhao T. Association between lncRNAs in plasma exosomes and diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:987488. [PMID: 36187126 PMCID: PMC9519175 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.987488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in plasma exosomes is a potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the changes in plasma exosomal lncRNAs and diagnostic relevance in patients with DR patients remain unclear. METHODS A case-control study with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and patients with comorbid DR were enrolled, and their clinical information and blood samples were collected. Plasma exosomes were extracted, and the relative expression levels of representative differentially expressed exosomal lncRNAs were determined. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationships of DR with relative lncRNA expression and DR-related factors, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the value of exosomal lncRNAs for DR diagnosis. RESULTS Sixty-two patients with T2DM and sixty-two patients with DR were matched by age, sex, and disease duration. The fasting blood glucose concentration, glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c), and relative expression of the plasma exosomal lncRNA DLX6-AS1 were significantly higher in the DR group than in the T2DM group, whereas the 2-h C-peptide concentration and relative expression of the lncRNAs PRINS and FAM190A-3 were lower in the DR group. After adjusting for relevant confounders, the fasting blood glucose concentration, HbA1c level, 2-h C-peptide concentration, and relative expression of lncRNA DLX6-AS1, PRINS, and FAM190A-3 were found to be associated with DR. Both DLX6-AS1 [area under the curve (AUC): 0.658 (0.562-0.754)], PRINS [AUC: 0.798 (0.722-0.873)], and FAM190A-3 [AUC: 0.603 (0.503-0.702)] expression had predictive value for DR diagnosis. The combination of DLX6-AS1 and PRINS yielded an AUC of 0.813 (0.740-0.886). In males, the combination of DLX6-AS1 and PRINS yielded an AUC of 0.860 (0.780-0.940). CONCLUSION The fasting blood glucose concentration, HbA1c level, and exosomal DLX6-AS1 expression were identified as risk factors for DR, whereas the 2-h C-peptide concentration and exosomal PRINS and FAM190A-3 were identified as protective against DR. The combination of exosomal DLX6-AS1 and PRINS had good diagnostic value for DR in the general population and males. More attention should be paid to the role of exosomal PRINS expression as a predictive and diagnostic DR biomarker in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ye
- Clinical Laboratory, Beilun District People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Prevention and Control, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhoujie Shao
- Clinical Laboratory, Beilun District People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo First hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo First hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Qianqian Yan
- Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beilun District People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Huang, ; Tian Zhao,
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Huang, ; Tian Zhao,
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23
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Li X, Shi S, Jing D, Li X, Zhang B, Bie Q. Signal transduction mechanism of exosomes in diabetic complications (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:155. [PMID: 35069836 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Dehuai Jing
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy and 4Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Qingli Bie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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24
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Circulating expression levels of CircHIPK3 and CDR1as circular-RNAs in type 2 diabetes patients. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:131-138. [PMID: 34731367 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent investigations suggested that deregulated levels of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) could be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathogenesis. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the expression levels of circulating CircHIPK3, CDR1as and their correlation with biochemical parameters in patients with T2DM, pre-diabetes and control subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of circRNAs in peripheral blood was determined using QRT-PCR in 70 patients with T2DM, 60 pre-diabetes and in 69 age and sex matched healthy controls. Moreover, bioinformatics tools were applied to explore and predict the potential interactions between circRNAs and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Our analysis revealed that the expression level of CircHIPK3 was significantly elevated in T2DM patients compared to healthy participants (P < 0.001) and pre-diabetes subjects (P = 0.018). In addition, ROC analysis suggested that at the cutoff value of 0.24 and the sensitivity and specificity of 50% and 88.4%, respectively, CircHIPK3 could distinguish between T2DM patients and control subjects. Furthermore, it was observed that the expression level of CDR1as is higher in pre-diabetic individuals than healthy individuals (P = 0.004). Finally, Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between CircHIPK3 and CDR1as expression levels and clinical and anthropometrical parameters such as BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c and fasting blood glucose (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The data of this study provided evidence that the expression levels of CircHIPK3, CDR1as increased in T2DM and pre-diabetes subjects, respectively.
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25
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Abstract
ABSTRACT In the context of diabetes mellitus, various pathological changes cause tissue ischemia and hypoxia, which can lead to the compensatory formation of neovascularization. However, disorders of the internal environment and dysfunctions of various cells contribute to the dysfunction of neovascularization. Although the problems of tissue ischemia and hypoxia have been partially solved, neovascularization also causes many negative effects. In the process of small blood vessel renewal, pericytes are extremely important for maintaining the normal growth and maturation of neovascularization. Previously, our understanding of pericytes was very limited, and the function of pericytes was not yet clear. Recently, multiple new functions of pericytes have been identified, affecting various processes in angiogenesis and relating to various diseases. Therefore, the importance of pericytes has gradually become apparent. This article presents the latest research progress on the role of pericytes in diabetic angiogenesis, characterizes pericytes, summarizes various potential therapeutic targets, and highlights research directions for the future treatment of various diabetes-related diseases.
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Decreased MicroRNA-150 Exacerbates Neuronal Apoptosis in the Diabetic Retina. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091135. [PMID: 34572320 PMCID: PMC8469350 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic complication associated with diabetes and the number one cause of blindness in working adults in the US. More than 90% of diabetic patients have obesity-associated type 2 diabetes (T2D), and 60% of T2D patients will develop DR. Photoreceptors undergo apoptosis shortly after the onset of diabetes, which contributes to the retinal dysfunction and microvascular complications leading to vision impairment. However, how diabetic insults cause photoreceptor apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, obesity-associated T2D mice and cultured photoreceptors were used to investigate how decreased microRNA-150 (miR-150) and its downstream target were involved in photoreceptor apoptosis. In the T2D retina, miR-150 was decreased with its target ETS-domain transcription factor (ELK1) and phosphorylated ELK1 at threonine 417 (pELK1T417) upregulated. In cultured photoreceptors, treatments with palmitic acid (PA), to mimic a high-fat environment, decreased miR-150 but upregulated ELK1, pELK1T417, and the translocation of pELK1T417 from the cytoplasm to the cell nucleus. Deletion of miR-150 (miR-150-/-) exacerbates T2D- or PA-induced photoreceptor apoptosis. Blocking the expression of ELK1 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) for Elk1 did not rescue PA-induced photoreceptor apoptosis. Translocation of pELK1T417 from cytoplasm-to-nucleus appears to be the key step of diabetic insult-elicited photoreceptor apoptosis.
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27
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Jankauskas SS, Gambardella J, Sardu C, Lombardi A, Santulli G. Functional Role of miR-155 in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7030039. [PMID: 34287359 PMCID: PMC8293470 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence indicates that microRNA-155 (miR-155) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. A number of clinical studies reported low serum levels of miR-155 in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Preclinical studies revealed that miR-155 partakes in the phenotypic switch of cells within the islets of Langerhans under metabolic stress. Moreover, miR-155 was shown to regulate insulin sensitivity in liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Dysregulation of miR-155 expression was also shown to predict the development of nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy in DM. Here, we systematically describe the reports investigating the role of miR-155 in DM and its complications. We also discuss the recent results from in vivo and in vitro models of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and T2D, discussing the differences between clinical and preclinical studies and shedding light on the molecular pathways mediated by miR-155 in different tissues affected by DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.J.); (J.G.); (A.L.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.J.); (J.G.); (A.L.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.J.); (J.G.); (A.L.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.J.); (J.G.); (A.L.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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28
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Becker K, Klein H, Simon E, Viollet C, Haslinger C, Leparc G, Schultheis C, Chong V, Kuehn MH, Fernandez-Albert F, Bakker RA. In-depth transcriptomic analysis of human retina reveals molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic retinopathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10494. [PMID: 34006945 PMCID: PMC8131353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is among the major global causes for vision loss. With the rise in diabetes prevalence, an increase in DR incidence is expected. Current understanding of both the molecular etiology and pathways involved in the initiation and progression of DR is limited. Via RNA-Sequencing, we analyzed mRNA and miRNA expression profiles of 80 human post-mortem retinal samples from 43 patients diagnosed with various stages of DR. We found differentially expressed transcripts to be predominantly associated with late stage DR and pathways such as hippo and gap junction signaling. A multivariate regression model identified transcripts with progressive changes throughout disease stages, which in turn displayed significant overlap with sphingolipid and cGMP-PKG signaling. Combined analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression further uncovered disease-relevant miRNA/mRNA associations as potential mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation. Finally, integrating human retinal single cell RNA-Sequencing data revealed a continuous loss of retinal ganglion cells, and Müller cell mediated changes in histidine and β-alanine signaling. While previously considered primarily a vascular disease, attention in DR has shifted to additional mechanisms and cell-types. Our findings offer an unprecedented and unbiased insight into molecular pathways and cell-specific changes in the development of DR, and provide potential avenues for future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolja Becker
- Global Computational Biology & Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Holger Klein
- Global Computational Biology & Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Eric Simon
- Global Computational Biology & Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Coralie Viollet
- Global Computational Biology & Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Christian Haslinger
- Global Computational Biology & Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - German Leparc
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Christian Schultheis
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Victor Chong
- Therapeutic Area CNS Retinopathies Emerging Areas, BI International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Markus H Kuehn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Francesc Fernandez-Albert
- Global Computational Biology & Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.
| | - Remko A Bakker
- Global Department Cardio-Metabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.
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Mathiesen A, Hamilton T, Carter N, Brown M, McPheat W, Dobrian A. Endothelial Extracellular Vesicles: From Keepers of Health to Messengers of Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094640. [PMID: 33924982 PMCID: PMC8125116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelium has a rich vesicular network that allows the exchange of macromolecules between blood and parenchymal cells. This feature of endothelial cells, along with their polarized secretory machinery, makes them the second major contributor, after platelets, to the particulate secretome in circulation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by the endothelial cells mirror the remarkable molecular heterogeneity of their parent cells. Cargo molecules carried by EVs were shown to contribute to the physiological functions of endothelium and may support the plasticity and adaptation of endothelial cells in a paracrine manner. Endothelium-derived vesicles can also contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease or can serve as prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. Finally, endothelium-derived EVs can be used as therapeutic tools to target endothelium for drug delivery or target stromal cells via the endothelial cells. In this review we revisit the recent evidence on the heterogeneity and plasticity of endothelial cells and their EVs. We discuss the role of endothelial EVs in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis along with their contributions to endothelial adaptation and dysfunction. Finally, we evaluate the potential of endothelial EVs as disease biomarkers and their leverage as therapeutic tools.
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Yu B, Xiao M, Yang F, Xiao J, Zhang H, Su L, Zhang X, Li X. MicroRNA-431-5p encapsulated in serum extracellular vesicles as a biomarker for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 135:105975. [PMID: 33838342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and precise monitoring of the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) can significantly improve therapeutic strategies and help decrease blindness caused by it. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were recently found to be involved in intercellular communications and are a potential source for the discovery of novel biomarkers. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of microRNAs (miRNAs) encapsulated in small EVs (sEVs) as minimally invasive biomarkers for PDR. SEVs were extracted from plasma of healthy subjects, diabetic patients, nonPDR patients and PDR patients. Then, we performed microarray analysis to determine the miRNA expression profile. MiR-431-5p expression doubled in the PDR patients compared with the healthy controls and the diabetic patients. We further found that miR-431-5p expression was 2.3 times higher in 4-hydroxynonenal treated human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCECs) than the control. After transfection with miR-431-5p mimics, proliferation of HRCECs was promoted, while transfection with miR-431-5p inhibitor demonstrated the opposite effect. The present findings indicate that circulating sEVs showed a differential miRNA profile in PDR patients. MiR-431-5p was involved in the pathogenesis of PDR development and may function as a novel biomarker for PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Mengran Xiao
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Fuhua Yang
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Lin Su
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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Plasma microRNA signature associated with retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4136. [PMID: 33602976 PMCID: PMC7892881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss and disability. Effective management of DR depends on prompt treatment and would benefit from biomarkers for screening and pre-symptomatic detection of retinopathy in diabetic patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression which are released in the bloodstream and may serve as biomarkers. Little is known on circulating miRNAs in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and DR. Here we show that DR is associated with higher circulating miR-25-3p (P = 0.004) and miR-320b (P = 0.011) and lower levels of miR-495-3p (P < 0.001) in a cohort of patients with T2DM with DR (n = 20), compared with diabetic subjects without DR (n = 10) and healthy individuals (n = 10). These associations persisted significant after adjustment for age, gender, and HbA1c. The circulating levels of these miRNAs correlated with severity of the disease and their concomitant evaluation showed high accuracy for identifying DR (AUROC = 0.93; P < 0.001). Gene ontology analysis of validated targets revealed enrichment in pathways such as regulation of metabolic process (P = 1.5 × 10–20), of cell response to stress (P = 1.9 × 10–14), and development of blood vessels (P = 2.7 × 10–14). Pending external validation, we anticipate that these miRNAs may serve as putative disease biomarkers and highlight novel molecular targets for improving care of patients with diabetic retinopathy.
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Xiao J, Zhang H, Yang F, Xiao M, Zhou L, Yu R, Shao X, Ea V, Su L, Zhang X, Li X. Proteomic Analysis of Plasma sEVs Reveals That TNFAIP8 Is a New Biomarker of Cell Proliferation in Diabetic Retinopathy. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:1770-1782. [PMID: 33594895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from the plasma have been increasingly recognized as important vehicles of intercellular communication and potential sources of new biomarkers for multiple diseases. In this study, proteomic profiles of plasma sEVs from normal subjects and diabetic patients with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were systematically compared using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. Among a total of 901 identified proteins in plasma sEVs (false discovery rate (FDR) < 1%), 90 proteins were found to have significantly changed levels in DR. Based on the findings from the proteomic analysis, the role of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8) in promoting human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) proliferation was investigated. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that TNFAIP8 levels in plasma sEVs and vitreous are elevated in DR, whereas not statistically different in large EVs (lEVs) and plasma. In addition, in vitro experiments demonstrated that 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) increased the expression of TNFAIP8 in HRMECs. TNFAIP8 significantly increased HRMECs cell viability and promote cell migration and tube formation, and the depletion of TNFAIP8 impaired HRMEC proliferation. We demonstrated that TNFAIP8 in plasma sEVs could be used as a potential biomarker of DR. Functional studies suggested that TNFAIP8 might be an important mediator of angiogenesis in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Fuhua Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Mengran Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Rongguo Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xianfeng Shao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Vicki Ea
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lin Su
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
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Zhang Q, Liu S, Zhang J, Ma X, Dong M, Sun B, Xin Y. Roles and regulatory mechanisms of miR-30b in cancer, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:44. [PMID: 33273973 PMCID: PMC7706387 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs 21-23 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression, and thereby modulate signaling pathways and protein synthesis in both physiological and pathogenic processes. miR-30b inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in multiple types of cancer. In addition to its role in several types of neoplasias, miR-30b has been shown to exhibit essential roles in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In the present review, an overview of the biological functions of miR-30b and its role in the pathogenesis of neoplastic, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases is provided. miR-30b is a potential candidate for clinical development as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, therapeutic agent and drug target. However, further research is required to elucidate its role in health and disease and to harness its potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Shousheng Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
- Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Mengzhen Dong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Baokai Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Yongning Xin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
- Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
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Nazimek K. The complex functions of microRNA-150 in allergy, autoimmunity and immune tolerance. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2021016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>At present, special efforts are being made to develop the strategies allowing for activation of long-lasting antigen-specific immune tolerance in therapy of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Some of these therapeutic approaches are aimed at modulating cell functions at genetic level by using miRNA-based and miRNA-targeting treatments. Simultaneously, the crucial role of extracellular vesicles as natural miRNA conveyors is highlighted for induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance, especially that they appear to be easily manipulatable for therapeutic applications. Among other immune-related miRNAs, miR-150 is getting special attention as it is differently expressed by immune cells at various stages of their maturation and differentiation. In addition, miR-150 is involved in different signaling cascades orchestrating humoral and cell-mediated mechanisms of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, miR-150 is considered a master regulator of immunity in mammals. Currently, physiological miR-150-dependent regulatory circuits and causes of their malfunctioning that underlie the pathogenesis of allergic and autoimmune disorders are being unraveled. Thus, present review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of miR-150 in the pathogenesis and complications of these diseases. Furthermore, the involvement of miR-150 in regulation of immune responses to allergens and self-antigens and in induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance is discussed with the special emphasis on the therapeutic potential of this miRNA.</p>
</abstract>
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Uil M, Hau CM, Ahdi M, Mills JD, Kers J, Saleem MA, Florquin S, Gerdes VEA, Nieuwland R, Roelofs JJTH. Cellular origin and microRNA profiles of circulating extracellular vesicles in different stages of diabetic nephropathy. Clin Kidney J 2021; 14:358-365. [PMID: 33564439 PMCID: PMC7857783 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes and the main cause of end-stage renal disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small cell-derived vesicles that can alter disease progression by microRNA (miRNA) transfer. METHODS In this study, we aimed to characterize the cellular origin and miRNA content of EVs in plasma samples of type 2 diabetes patients at various stages of DN. Type 2 diabetes patients were classified in three groups: normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria. The concentration and cellular origin of plasma EVs were measured by flow cytometry. A total of 752 EV miRNAs were profiled in 18 subjects and differentially expressed miRNAs were validated. RESULTS Diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and/or macroalbuminuria showed elevated concentrations of total EVs and EVs from endothelial cells, platelets, leucocytes and erythrocytes compared with diabetic controls. miR-99a-5p was upregulated in macroalbuminuric patients compared with normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric patients. Transfection of miR-99a-5p in cultured human podocytes downregulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein expression and downregulated the podocyte injury marker vimentin. CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria display differential EV profiles. miR-99a-5p expression is elevated in EVs from macroalbuminuria and mTOR is its validated mRNA target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Uil
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chi M Hau
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Ahdi
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James D Mills
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper Kers
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Academic Renal Unit, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor E A Gerdes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris J T H Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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MicroRNA Expression in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197328. [PMID: 33023063 PMCID: PMC7582592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified and compared secreted microRNA (miRNA) expression in aqueous humor (AH) and plasma samples among patients with: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) complicated by non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) associated with diabetic macular edema (DME) (DME group: 12 patients); T2D patients without DR (D group: 8 patients); and non-diabetic patients (CTR group: 10 patients). Individual patient AH samples from five subjects in each group were profiled on TaqMan Low Density MicroRNA Array Cards. Differentially expressed miRNAs identified from profiling were then validated in single assay for all subjects. The miRNAs validated in AH were then evaluated in single assay in plasma. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was conducted. From AH profiling, 119 mature miRNAs were detected: 86 in the DME group, 113 in the D group and 107 in the CTR group. miRNA underexpression in the DME group was confirmed in single assay for let-7c-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-199a-3p and miR-365-3p. Of these four, miR-199a-3p and miR-365-3p were downregulated also in the plasma of the DME group. GO highlighted 54 validated target genes of miR-199a-3p, miR-200b-3p and miR-365-3p potentially implied in DME pathogenesis. Although more studies are needed, miR-200b-3p, let-7c-5p, miR-365-3p and miR-199a-3p represent interesting molecules in the study of DME pathogenesis.
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Kutlutürk Karagöz I, Allahverdiyev A, Bağırova M, Abamor EŞ, Dinparvar S. Current Approaches in Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy and Future Perspectives. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:487-496. [DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Işıl Kutlutürk Karagöz
- Depatment of Bioengineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ümraniye Trn. And Rch. Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adil Allahverdiyev
- Depatment of Bioengineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melehat Bağırova
- Depatment of Bioengineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Şefik Abamor
- Depatment of Bioengineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sahar Dinparvar
- Depatment of Bioengineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081869. [PMID: 32785136 PMCID: PMC7464130 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the latest findings in the literature of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor (Tie-2) complex, and faricimab along with their involvement for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases in various clinical trials. In ischemic diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, Ang-2 is upregulated, deactivating Tie-2, resulting in vascular leakage, pericyte loss, and inflammation. Recombinant Angiopeotin-1 (Ang-1), Ang-2-blocking molecules, and inhibitors of vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) decrease inflammation-associated vascular leakage, showing therapeutic effects in diabetes, atherosclerosis, and ocular neovascular diseases. In addition, novel studies show that angiopoietin-like proteins may play an important role in cellular metabolism leading to retinal vascular diseases. Current therapeutic focus combines Ang-Tie targeted drugs with other anti-angiogenic or immune therapies. Clinical studies have identified faricimab, a novel bispecific antibody designed for intravitreal use, to simultaneously bind and neutralize Ang-2 and VEGF-A for treatment of diabetic eye disease. By targeting both Ang-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), faricimab displays an improved and sustained efficacy over longer treatment intervals, delivering superior vision outcomes for patients with diabetic macular edema and reducing the treatment burden for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema. Phase 2 results have produced promising outcomes with regard to efficacy and durability. Faricimab is currently being evaluated in global Phase 3 studies.
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Martins B, Amorim M, Reis F, Ambrósio AF, Fernandes R. Extracellular Vesicles and MicroRNA: Putative Role in Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080705. [PMID: 32759750 PMCID: PMC7463887 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complex, progressive, and heterogenous retinal degenerative disease associated with diabetes duration. It is characterized by glial, neural, and microvascular dysfunction, being the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown a hallmark of the early stages. In advanced stages, there is formation of new blood vessels, which are fragile and prone to leaking. This disease, if left untreated, may result in severe vision loss and eventually legal blindness. Although there are some available treatment options for DR, most of them are targeted to the advanced stages of the disease, have some adverse effects, and many patients do not adequately respond to the treatment, which demands further research. Oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are closely associated processes that play a critical role in the development of DR. Retinal cells communicate with each other or with another one, using cell junctions, adhesion contacts, and secreted soluble factors that can act in neighboring or long-distance cells. Another mechanism of cell communication is via secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), through exchange of material. Here, we review the current knowledge on deregulation of cell-to-cell communication through EVs, discussing the changes in miRNA expression profiling in body fluids and their role in the development of DR. Thereafter, current and promising therapeutic agents for preventing the progression of DR will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Madania Amorim
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239480072
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Greco M, Chiefari E, Accattato F, Corigliano DM, Arcidiacono B, Mirabelli M, Liguori R, Brunetti FS, Pullano SA, Scorcia V, Fiorillo AS, Foti DP, Brunetti A. MicroRNA-1281 as a Novel Circulating Biomarker in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:528. [PMID: 32849308 PMCID: PMC7417427 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recently, the role of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for the identification and monitoring of diabetes microvascular complications has emerged. Herein, we aimed to: identify circulating miRNAs differentially expressed in patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR); examine their predictive value; and understand their pathogenic impact. Methods: Pooled serum samples from randomly selected matched patients with type 2 diabetes, either with or without DR, were used for initial serum miRNA profiling. Validation of the most relevant miRNAs was thereafter conducted by RT-qPCR in an extended sample of patients with DR and matched controls. Results: Following miRNA profiling, 43 miRNAs were significantly up- or down-regulated in patients with DR compared with controls. After individual validation, 5 miRNAs were found significantly overexpressed in patients with DR. One of them, miR-1281, was the most up-regulated and appeared to be specifically related to DR. Furthermore, secreted levels of miR-1281 were increased in high glucose-cultured retinal cells, and there was evidence of a potential link between glucose-induced miR-1281 up-regulation and DR. Conclusion: Our findings suggest miR-1281 as a circulating biomarker of DR. Also, they highlight the pathogenic significance of miR-1281, providing insights for a new potential target in treating DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Accattato
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Biagio Arcidiacono
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mirabelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rossella Liguori
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco S. Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore A. Pullano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino S. Fiorillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P. Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
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Moshetova LK, Usharova SA, Turkina KI, Sychev DA, Saburina IN. MicroRNA and vascular pathology of the eye. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2020.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of microRNAs just a few decades ago, our knowledge of these molecules and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets has significantly expanded. There is an ongoing discussion in the scientific community about the possibility of using microRNA for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown recently that levels of some microRNAs vary in vascular eye disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. However, despite serious advances in our understanding of microRNA’s role in eye pathology, we still do not know whether it is possible to use microRNA as a biomarker for central retinal vein occlusion. Perhaps, the discovery of such candidate microRNAs will help in making the timely diagnosis and improve the quality of medical care in patients with retinal vein occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- LK Moshetova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - SA Usharova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - KI Turkina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - DA Sychev
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - IN Saburina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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Prado MSG, de Jesus ML, de Goes TC, Mendonça LSO, Kaneto CM. Downregulation of circulating miR-320a and target gene prediction in patients with diabetic retinopathy. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:155. [PMID: 32178730 PMCID: PMC7077016 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the expression of a set of miRNAs to identify differentially expressed miRNAs that might be considered reliable biomarkers on Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) blood samples. Results Expression levels of MiR-320a, MiR-342-3p, MiR-155, MiR-99a, MiR-29a and MiR-27b were analyzed in 60 healthy controls, 48 Diabetes Melitus (DM) without DR patients and 62 DR patients by qRT-PCR. MiR-320a was shown to be downregulated in the plasma of DR patients compared with DM patients without DR and healthy subjects. Target genes were predicted using miRWalk3.0, miR targeting data and target gene interaction data were imported to Cytoscape to visualize and merge networks and top ranked predicted genes were run through Ontology Genes to perform enrichment analysis on gene sets and classification system to identify biological processes and reactome pathways associated with DR. Highly scored target genes of miR-320a were categorized for various biological processes, including negative regulation of cell aging, negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process and regulation of cellular response to stress that are critical to the development of DR. Our findings suggest that MiR-320a may have a role in the pathogenesis of DR and may represent novel biomarkers for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirthz Lemos de Jesus
- Department of Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Thaline Cunha de Goes
- Department of Biological Science, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Lucilla Silva Oliveira Mendonça
- Department of Biological Science, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Martins Kaneto
- Department of Biological Science, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
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Zhou H, Peng C, Huang DS, Liu L, Guan P. microRNA Expression Profiling Based on Microarray Approach in Human Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:441-450. [PMID: 32101049 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the growing public health threats globally and as one of the common serious microvascular complications of DM, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairments and blindness. There is growing concern about the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of DR. This meta-analysis was designed to collect those published miRNA expression profiling studies that compared the miRNA expression profiles in the biological samples of DR patients with those in the control group. Eight publications were finally included in the meta-analysis, and a total of 93 differentially expressed miRNAs were reported. Although six miRNAs were reported in at least two studies and with the consistent direction, after stratification by the type of biological samples, miR-320a was consistently reported to be upregulated in two serum sample-based studies and miR-423-5p was consistently reported to be upregulated in two vitreous humor sample-based studies. miR-27b was consistently reported to be downregulated in two serum sample-based studies. In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis of human DR miRNAs' expression profiling studies might provide some clues of the potential biomarkers of DR. Further investigation of the mechanisms of miRNAs and more external validation studies are warranted with the aim of developing new diagnostic markers for preventing or reversing DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Impression Evidence Examination Technology, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - De-Sheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Mathematics, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu CH, Huang S, Britton WR, Chen J. MicroRNAs in Vascular Eye Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020649. [PMID: 31963809 PMCID: PMC7014392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the first microRNA (miRNA) decades ago, studies of miRNA biology have expanded in many biomedical research fields, including eye research. The critical roles of miRNAs in normal development and diseases have made miRNAs useful biomarkers or molecular targets for potential therapeutics. In the eye, ocular neovascularization (NV) is a leading cause of blindness in multiple vascular eye diseases. Current anti-angiogenic therapies, such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment, have their limitations, indicating the need for investigating new targets. Recent studies established the roles of various miRNAs in the regulation of pathological ocular NV, suggesting miRNAs as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets in vascular eye diseases. This review summarizes the biogenesis of miRNAs, and their functions in the normal development and diseases of the eye, with a focus on clinical and experimental retinopathies in both human and animal models. Discovery of novel targets involving miRNAs in vascular eye diseases will provide insights for developing new treatments to counter ocular NV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jing Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-919-2525
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Mammadzada P, Bayle J, Gudmundsson J, Kvanta A, André H. Identification of Diagnostic and Prognostic microRNAs for Recurrent Vitreous Hemorrhage in Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122217. [PMID: 31847440 PMCID: PMC6947310 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can provide insight into the pathophysiological states of ocular tissues such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). In this study, differences in miRNA expression in vitreous from PDR patients with and without incidence of recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (RVH) after the initial pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) were analyzed, with the aim of identifying biomarkers for RVH. Fifty-four consented vitreous samples were analyzed from patients undergoing PPV for PDR, of which eighteen samples underwent a second surgery due to RVH. Ten of the sixty-six expressed miRNAs (miRNAs-19a, -20a, -22, -27a, -29a, -93, -126, -128, -130a, and -150) displayed divergences between the PDR vitreous groups and to the control. A significant increase in the miRNA-19a and -27a expression was determined in PDR patients undergoing PPV as compared to the controls. miRNA-20a and -93 were significantly upregulated in primary PPV vitreous samples of patients afflicted with RVH. Moreover, this observed upregulation was not significant between the non-RVH and control group, thus emphasizing the association with RVH incidence. miRNA-19a and -27a were detected as putative vitreous biomarkers for PDR, and elevated levels of miRNA-20a and -93 in vitreous with RVH suggest their biomarker potential for major PDR complications such as recurrent hemorrhage incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Mammadzada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11282, Sweden; (P.M.); (J.B.); (J.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Juliette Bayle
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11282, Sweden; (P.M.); (J.B.); (J.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Johann Gudmundsson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11282, Sweden; (P.M.); (J.B.); (J.G.); (A.K.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Anders Kvanta
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11282, Sweden; (P.M.); (J.B.); (J.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Helder André
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11282, Sweden; (P.M.); (J.B.); (J.G.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
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46
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Polina ER, Oliveira FM, Sbruzzi RC, Crispim D, Canani LH, Santos KG. Gene polymorphism and plasma levels of miR-155 in diabetic retinopathy. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:1591-1599. [PMID: 31751306 PMCID: PMC6933831 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating microRNA-155 (miR-155) is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the rs767649 polymorphism in the pre-MIR155 gene is associated with miR-155 expression. However, their relationship with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this case-control study was to test the hypothesis that the rs767649 polymorphism in the pre-MIR155 gene is associated with DR in South Brazilians with T2DM. We also evaluated the association of plasma levels of miR-155 with DR and the rs767649 polymorphism in a subgroup of subjects. The rs767649 polymorphism was genotyped in 139 blood donors and 546 T2DM patients (244 had no DR, 161 had non-proliferative DR and 141 had proliferative DR). miR-155 expression was quantified in 20 blood donors and 60 T2DM patients (20 from each group). Among T2DM patients, the carriership of the A allele and the A allele were more frequent in subjects with DR than in those without it (P < 0.05), and the A allele was independently associated with an increased risk of DR (adjusted OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.12-4.01). The plasma levels of miR-155 were lower in T2DM patients than in blood donors (P < 0.001). However, the miR-155 levels did not differ according to the presence and severity of DR or according to rs767649 genotypes among T2DM patients. These findings support that the rs767649 polymorphism in the pre-MIR155 gene is associated with DR in T2DM and that the miR-155 plasma levels might be associated with T2DM. Additional studies are needed to further investigate their clinical significance in DR and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Polina
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
| | - F M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
| | - R C Sbruzzi
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
| | - D Crispim
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - L H Canani
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - K G Santos
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Correspondence should be addressed to K G Santos:
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Theories about the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) refer to the potential of primary islet inflammatory signaling as a trigger for the loss of self-tolerance leading to disease onset. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EV) may represent the missing link between inflammation and autoimmunity. Here, we review the evidence for a role of EV in the pathogenesis of T1D, as well as discuss their potential value in the clinical sphere, as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. RECENT FINDINGS EV derived from β cells are enriched in diabetogenic autoantigens and miRNAs that are selectively sorted and packaged. These EV play a pivotal role in antigen presentation and cell to cell communication leading to activation of autoimmune responses. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests the potential of EV as novel tools in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions. In-depth analysis of EV cargo using modern multi-parametric technologies may be useful in enhancing our understanding of EV-mediated immune mechanisms and in identifying robust biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Negi
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, D5.5736, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Alissa K Rutman
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, D5.5736, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Steven Paraskevas
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, D5.5736, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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Mazzeo A, Lopatina T, Gai C, Trento M, Porta M, Beltramo E. Functional analysis of miR-21-3p, miR-30b-5p and miR-150-5p shuttled by extracellular vesicles from diabetic subjects reveals their association with diabetic retinopathy. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Xiao Y, Zheng L, Zou X, Wang J, Zhong J, Zhong T. Extracellular vesicles in type 2 diabetes mellitus: key roles in pathogenesis, complications, and therapy. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1625677. [PMID: 31258879 PMCID: PMC6586118 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1625677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a chronic disease, is widely prevalent all over the world. In recent years, the roles of some extracellular vesicles (EVs) in T2DM have attracted much attention. EVs are bilayer membrane vesicles secreted from most cells and can participate in regulating various physiological and pathological processes in vivo by being transported between cells. Recently, it was discovered that some abnormal EVs can contribute to the occurrence of T2DM by inducing insulin resistance and can also participate in the complications of T2DM. In addition, some stem/progenitor cells-derived EVs have a potential application in the therapy of T2DM. This review introduces basic concepts of EVs and summarizes the roles of EVs in the pathogenesis, complications, and therapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Xiao
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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50
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Chen S, Yuan M, Liu Y, Zhao X, Lian P, Chen Y, Liu B, Lu L. Landscape of microRNA in the aqueous humour of proliferative diabetic retinopathy as assessed by next-generation sequencing. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019; 47:925-936. [PMID: 31081578 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microRNAs (miRNA) have been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. We try to explore the miRNA and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) profile in the aqueous humour of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) using next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS Aqueous humour samples were collected from nine PDR eyes and nine cataract control eyes, and NGS was performed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to validate the sequencing results. An oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model was used to validate the angiogenesis related miRNA. RESULTS In total, 484 miRNAs were differently expressed between the PDR eyes and cataract control eyes, including 210 mature miRNAs and 274 novel miRNAs. Furthermore, eight miRNAs and 30 piRNAs were identified as the most differently expressed between the two groups (P > .85). This differential expression of miRNA was predicted to regulate Rho protein signal transduction, neurotransmitter uptake and histone lysine methylation. Relative expression patterns of miR-184, -150-5p and -93-5p were confirmed by qPCR. A reduced expression of miR-93-5p was confirmed in the OIR model. CONCLUSIONS This study comprehensively demonstrated the miRNA and piRNA expression profile of the aqueous humour of PDR eyes, which may serve as a potential biomarker and involved in the pathogenesis of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shida Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miner Yuan
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoming Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhao
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lian
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingqian Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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