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Eken H, Bektas Turkmen N, Senel B, Arslan R. Examination of the effects of vitexin and vitexin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on neuropathic pain and possible mechanisms of action. Neuropharmacology 2024; 253:109961. [PMID: 38657947 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This research aims to investigate the possible antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of pure vitexin and vitexin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) on neuropathic pain and the pathways mediating these effects. Chronic constriction nerve injury was induced in female rats, and the effects of vitexin at the doses of 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg were evaluated. Ketanserin, ondansetron, WAY-100635, yohimbine and bicuculin, which are antagonists of receptors on pain pathways. were used to examine the mechanisms of the effects of vitexin. Pure vitexin exhibited antiallodynic activity at all administered doses, whereas antihyperalgesic activity was not observed at 5 mg/kg vitexin dose. SLN formulation was prepared with 5 mg/kg vitexin, the lowest dose. Vitexin-loaded formulation significantly increased antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects. Ondansetron, WAY-100635, yohimbine, and bicuculine antagonized the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of vitexin. So, it was concluded that serotonin (5-hydroxtryptamine, 5-HT) receptor subtypes 5-HT3 and 5-HT1A, alpha-2 adrenergic, and γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptors are involved in the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activity of vitexin. In conclusion, vitexin and vitexin-loaded formulation have the potential for clinical use in neuropathic pain management, and different pain pathways contributed to this effect. And also, it is thought that vitexin-loaded SLN formulation is more effective than pure vitexin, which will provide an advantage in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazal Eken
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Nurcan Bektas Turkmen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Behiye Senel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Rana Arslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey.
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2
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Ghoshal G, Kamboj J, Kaur P. Pearl millet flour and green gram milk based probiotic beverage. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 417:110696. [PMID: 38615426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The probiotic beverage was developed using germinated and ungerminated pearl millet flour and green gram milk. The germinated and ungerminated pearl millet flour was added to green gram milk at different concentrations (0.5-2.5 %) along with sugar and cardamom. The mixtures were then inoculated with probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus incubated at 37 °C for 6 h. Characterization of probiotic beverages was carried out during storage at (4 ± 1)°C for 21 days. The germinated flour beverage had high acidity as compared to the ungerminated flour beverage. The probiotic count in germinated and ungerminated flour beverages ranged from 8.19 to 8.77 × 107 and 8.04 to 8.52 × 107 log CFU/mL, respectively. Antioxidant activity, polyphenol content increased with an increase in the concentration of flour in the beverage. The LC-MS analysis found the existence of vitexin and isovitexin as the main polyphenolic compounds in the probiotic beverage. Non-dairy probiotic beverage prepared with 0.5 % germinated millet flour gave the best taste, color, texture, and rheological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Ghoshal
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Japneet Kamboj
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Xie T, Ding YH, Sang CS, Lin ZX, Dong J, Fu XA. Vitexin enhances radiosensitivity of mouse subcutaneous xenograft glioma by affecting the miR-17-5p/miR-130b-3p/PTEN/HIF-1α pathway. Strahlenther Onkol 2024; 200:535-543. [PMID: 38453699 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-024-02220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitexin can cooperate with hyperbaric oxygen to sensitize the radiotherapy of glioma by inhibiting the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. However, whether vitexin has a direct radiosensitization and how it affects the HIF-1α expression remain unclear. This study investigated these issues. METHODS The SU3 cells-inoculated nude mice were divided into control, radiation, and vitexin + radiation groups. The vitexin + radiation-treated mice were intraperitoneally injected with 75 mg/kg vitexin daily for 21 days. On the 3rd, 10th, and 17th days during the vitexin treatment, the radiation-treated mice were locally irradiated with 10 Gy, respectively. In vitro, the microRNA (miR)-17-5p or miR-130b-3p mimics-transfected SU3 cells were used to examine the effects of vitexin plus radiation on expression of miR-17-5p- or miR-130b-3p-induced radioresistance-related pathway proteins. The effects of vitexin on miR-17-5p and miR-130b-3p expression in SU3 cells were also evaluated. RESULTS Compared with the radiation group, the tumor volume, tumor weight, and expression of HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and glucose transporter-1/3 proteins, miR-17-5p, and miR-130b-3p in tumor tissues in the vitexin + radiation group decreased, whereas the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein increased. After treatment of miR-17-5p or miR-130b-3p mimics-transfected SU3 cells with vitexin plus radiation, the PTEN protein expression also increased, the HIF-1α protein expression decreased correspondingly. Moreover, vitexin decreased the miR-17-5p and miR-130b-3p expression in SU3 cells. CONCLUSION Vitexin can enhance the radiosensitivity of glioma, and its mechanism may partly be related to the attenuation of HIF-1α pathway after lowering the inhibitory effect of miR-17-5p and miR-130b-3p on PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- The Experimental Center and Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Hao Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Sang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ze-Xi Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- The Experimental Center and Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xi-An Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Ali A, Mueed A, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Identification and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Leaves of Australian Myrtles and Their Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:2259. [PMID: 38792121 PMCID: PMC11124226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds, present in plants, provide substantial health advantages, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which enhance cardiovascular and cognitive well-being. Australia is enriched with a wide range of plants with phytopharmacological potential, which needs to be fully elucidated. In this context, we analyzed leaves of aniseed myrtle (Syzygium anisatum), lemon myrtle (Backhousia citriodora), and cinnamon myrtle (Backhousia myrtifolia) for their complex phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was applied for screening and characterizing these Australian myrtles' phenolic compounds and the structure-function relation of phenolic compounds. This study identified 145 and quantified/semi-quantified 27 phenolic compounds in these Australian myrtles. Furthermore, phenolic contents (total phenolic content (TPC), total condensed tannins (TCT), and total flavonoids (TFC)) and antioxidant potential of phenolic extracts from the leaves of Australian myrtles were quantified. Aniseed myrtle was quantified with the highest TPC (52.49 ± 3.55 mg GAE/g) and total antioxidant potential than other selected myrtles. Catechin, epicatechin, isovitexin, cinnamic acid, and quercetin were quantified as Australian myrtles' most abundant phenolic compounds. Moreover, chemometric analysis further validated the results. This study provides a new insight into the novel potent bioactive phenolic compounds from Australian myrtles that could be potentially useful for functional, nutraceutical, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Abdul Mueed
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road Jiangxi, Nanchang 330047, China;
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Fang W, Du J, Nie M, Wang X. Recent advances in flavonoid compounds for the treatment of prostate cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:653. [PMID: 38734766 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a malignant epithelial tumor of the prostate gland and is the most common malignant tumor of the male genitourinary system. Pharmacological therapies, including chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy, play a key role in the treatment of prostate cancer. However, drug resistance and side effects limit the use of these drugs and so there is a need for new drug therapies for prostate cancer patients. Flavonoids, with their wide range of sources and diverse biological activities, have attracted much attention in the field of anti-tumor drug screening. In 2016, at least 58 flavonoids were reported to have anti-prostate cancer activity. In recent years, six additional flavonoid compounds have been found to have anti-prostate cancer potential. In this review, we have collected a large amount of evidence on the anti-prostate cancer effects of these six flavonoids, including a large number of cellular experiments and a small number of preclinical animal experiments. In addition, we predicted their drug-forming properties using Schrödinger's QikProp software and ADMETlab due to the lack of in vivo pharmacokinetic data for the six compounds. In conclusion, this review has fully confirmed the anti-prostate cancer effects of these six flavonoids, summarized their mechanisms of action and predicted their druggability. It provides a reference for the further development of these compounds into anti-prostate cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Fang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Junfang Du
- School of Yao Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiudong Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Mingyi Nie
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Xueni Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, China.
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Marsan CB, Lee SG, Nguyen A, Gordillo Sierra AR, Coleman SM, Brooks SM, Alper HS. Leveraging a Y. lipolytica naringenin chassis for biosynthesis of apigenin and associated glucoside. Metab Eng 2024; 83:1-11. [PMID: 38447910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a diverse set of natural products with promising bioactivities including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective properties. Previously, the oleaginous host Yarrowia lipolytica has been engineered to produce high titers of the base flavonoid naringenin. Here, we leverage this host along with a set of E. coli bioconversion strains to produce the flavone apigenin and its glycosylated derivative isovitexin, two potential nutraceutical and pharmaceutical candidates. Through downstream strain selection, co-culture optimization, media composition, and mutant isolation, we were able to produce168 mg/L of apigenin, representing a 46% conversion rate of 2-(R/S)-naringenin to apigenin. This apigenin platform was modularly extended to produce isovitexin by addition of a second bioconversion strain. Together, these results demonstrate the promise of microbial production and modular bioconversion to access diversified flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste B Marsan
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sung Gyung Lee
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ankim Nguyen
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Angela R Gordillo Sierra
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sarah M Coleman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sierra M Brooks
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Hal S Alper
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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7
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Yu H, Xing Z, Jia K, Li S, Xu Y, Zhao P, Zhu X. Inquiry lipaseoring the mechanism of pancreatic lipase inhibition by isovitexin based on multispectral method and enzyme inhibition assay. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4765. [PMID: 38769927 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Isovitexin is a main natural flavonoid component in various plants. Currently, the inhibitory effect of isovitexin on pancreatic lipase (PL) and its mechanism have not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of isovitexin on PL, as well as its interaction mechanism, using enzyme inhibition methods, spectroscopic analysis, and molecular simulations. Results showed that isovitexin possessed significant PL inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.26 ± 0.02 mM. The interaction between isovitexin and PL was dominated by static quenching, and mainly through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction forces. Analysis of fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed that isovitexin binding altered the conformation of the PL. Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum indicated that isovitexin altered the secondary structure of PL by decreasing the α-helix content and increasing the β-fold content. Molecular simulations further characterize the conformational changes produced by the interaction between isovitexin with PL. The performed study may provide a new insight into the inhibitory mechanism of isovitexin as a novel PL inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongfu Xing
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Kaijie Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Sai Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yankun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Zhao Z, Wang L, Chen J, Zhang N, Zhou W, Song Y. Altitudinal variation of dragon fruit metabolite profiles as revealed by UPLC-MS/MS-based widely targeted metabolomics analysis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:344. [PMID: 38684949 PMCID: PMC11057076 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geographical factors affect the nutritional, therapeutic and commercial values of fruits. Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp) is a popular fruit in Asia and a potential functional food with diverse pharmacological attributes. Although it is produced in various localities, the information related to the altitudinal variation of dragon fruit nutrients and active compounds is scarce. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the variations in metabolite profiles of H. polyrhizus (variety Jindu1) fruit pulps from three different altitudes of China, including Wangmo (WM, 650 m), Luodian (LD, 420 m), and Zhenning (ZN, 356 m). Jindu1 is the main cultivated pitaya variety in Guizhou province, China. RESULTS The LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy)-based widely targeted metabolic profiling identified 645 metabolites, of which flavonoids (22.64%), lipids (13.80%), phenolic acids (12.40%), amino acids and derivatives (10.39%), alkaloids (8.84%), and organic acids (8.37%) were dominant. Multivariate analyses unveiled that the metabolite profiles of the fruit differed regarding the altitude. Fruits from WM (highest altitude) were prime in quality, with higher levels of flavonoids, alkaloids, nucleotides and derivatives, amino acids and derivatives, and vitamins. Fruits from LD and ZN had the highest relative content of phenolic acids and terpenoids, respectively. We identified 69 significantly differentially accumulated metabolites across the pulps of the fruits from the three locations. KEGG analysis revealed that flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and isoflavonoid biosynthesis were the most differentially regulated. It was noteworthy that most active flavonoid compounds exhibited an increasing accumulation pattern along with the increase in altitude. Vitexin and isovitexin were the major differentially accumulated flavonoids. Furthermore, we identified two potential metabolic biomarkers (vitexin and kaempferol 3-O-[2-O-β-D-galactose-6-O-a-L-rhamnose]-β-D-glucoside) to discriminate between dragon fruits from different geographical origins. CONCLUSION Our findings provide insights into metabolic changes in dragon fruits grown at different altitudes. Furthermore, they show that growing pitaya at high altitudes can produce fruit with higher levels of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Zhao
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, 550001, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Lang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Guizhou Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guiyang, 540086, China
| | - Yuehua Song
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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Kuerban M, Ma F, Shan L, Wang Y, Zhou G. Comparative discriminant analysis of Mesua ferrea L. and its adulterants. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28459. [PMID: 38601576 PMCID: PMC11004703 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Uygur medicinal material Mesua ferrea L. has different plant sources in the market. The flower bud of Mammea siamensis T. Anders, which originated from Myanmar and Thailand, is actually used in the dosage room of Uygur hospitals and pharmaceutical enterprises in Xinjiang Region. On the contrary, flowers of Mesua ferrea L. are less frequently used. In this study, the taxonomic characteristics, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to compare the similarities and differences between the two species. The results showed that the flowers of the two plants were significantly different in morphology, but the similarity of chemical components was high. At the same time, the study also found that Mesua ferrea L. and Mammea siamensis T. Anders contain a large amount of vitexin and isovitexin, which can be used for qualitative and quantitative research. This study provides a reference for the identification, development and utilization of Mesua ferrea L medicinal materials and the revision of quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubareke Kuerban
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chines, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830054, China
- Turpan City Institute of Drug Control, Turpan, 83800, China
| | - Fangyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chines, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Lianlian Shan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chines, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chines, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chines, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830054, China
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10
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Chen T, Xiao Z, Liu X, Wang T, Wang Y, Ye F, Su J, Yao X, Xiong L, Yang DH. Natural products for combating multidrug resistance in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2024; 202:107099. [PMID: 38342327 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently develop resistance to chemotherapeutic therapies and targeted drugs, which has been a significant challenge in cancer management. With the growing advances in technologies in isolation and identification of natural products, the potential of natural products in combating cancer multidrug resistance has received substantial attention. Importantly, natural products can impact multiple targets, which can be valuable in overcoming drug resistance from different perspectives. In the current review, we will describe the well-established mechanisms underlying multidrug resistance, and introduce natural products that could target these multidrug resistant mechanisms. Specifically, we will discuss natural compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, baicalein, chrysin and more, and their potential roles in combating multidrug resistance. This review article aims to provide a systematic summary of recent advances of natural products in combating cancer drug resistance, and will provide rationales for novel drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhicheng Xiao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Juan Su
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuan Yao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Liyan Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- New York College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NY 11501, USA.
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Wang H, Zhao M, Zhen Wu Z, Qin N, Fu Y, Guo S. Nutrient composition and functional constituents of daylily from different producing areas based on widely targeted metabolomics. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101239. [PMID: 38420502 PMCID: PMC10900758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Daylily is a functional food with high nutritional value in China. Datong (DT) in Shanxi Province is one of the four main production areas of daylily. Therefore, Linfen (LF), Lvliang (LL), and Yangquan (YQ) in Shanxi Province have also introduced daylily from DT. However, geographical and climatic conditions and producing patterns cause variations in the daylily quality. In the present study, we found that the nutrient composition of daylilies from different producing areas of Shanxi Province varied. The key environmental factors affecting the nutrition of daylily in different regions were altitude and temperature. The widely targeted metabolomics results showed that 1642 metabolites were found in daylily. The differential metabolites between DT and YQ, LL and LF were 557, 667, and 359, respectively. Notably, 9 metabolic pathways and 59 metabolite markers were associated with daylily from different areas. This study provides a theoretical basis for the quality maintenance and health efficacy research of daylily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengying Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhen Zhen Wu
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nannan Qin
- Department of Development Planning and Cooperation, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongxia Fu
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shang Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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12
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Gan T, Xing Q, Li N, Deng Z, Pan C, Liu X, Zheng L. Protective Effect of Vitexin Against IL-17-Induced Vascular Endothelial Inflammation Through Keap1/Nrf2-Dependent Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300331. [PMID: 38299432 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Vitexin, a C-glycosylated flavonoid, is abundant in food sources and has potential health-beneficial properties. However, the targets for its beneficial effects remain largely unknown. This study aims to establish an in vitro cell model of vascular low-grade inflammation and explore the antiinflammatory mechanism of vitexin. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-dose TNFα and IL-17 are combined to establish a cell model of vascular low-grade inflammation. Cell-based studies show that low-dose TNFα (1 ng mL-1) alone has a slight effect, but its combination with IL-17 can potently induce protein expression of inflammatory cytokines, leading to an inflammatory state. However, the vascular inflammation caused by low-dose TNF plus IL-17 does not lead to oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) does not involved in developing this inflammation. Vitexin can be absorbed by human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells to increase the Nrf2 protein level and attenuate inflammation. In addition, the antiinflammatory effect of vitexin is blocked by the knockdown of Nrf2. Further localized surface plasmon resonance, drug affinity responsive target stability, and molecular docking demonstrate that vitexin can directly interact with Keap1 to disrupt Keap1-Nrf2 interaction and thus activate Nrf2. Treatment of mice with a bolus oral gavage of vitexin (100 mg kg-1 body weight) or a high-fat diet supplemented with vitexin (5 mg kg-1 body weight per day) for 12 weeks confirms the rapid increase in blood vitexin levels and subsequent incorporation into blood vessels to activate Nrf2 and ameliorate inflammation in vivo. CONCLUSION The findings provide a reliable cell model of vascular low-grade inflammation and indicate Nrf2 protein as the potential target of vitexin to inhibit vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Qian Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Changxuan Pan
- Inspection and Quarantine and Epidemic Prevention and Control Center of Daxing District Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Beijing, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Xiaoru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
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13
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Gao J, Xie L, Peng Y, Li M, Li J, Ni Y, Wen X. Deep Eutectic Solvents as New Extraction Media for Flavonoids in Mung Bean. Foods 2024; 13:777. [PMID: 38472890 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mung beans contain abundant flavonoids like vitexin and isovitexin, which contribute to their strong bioactivities, such as antioxidant effects, so efforts should focus on extracting bioactive flavonoids as well as aligning with the goal of green extraction for specific applications. Deep eutectic solvent coupled with ultrasound-assisted extraction (DES-UAE) was applied to extract flavonoids from mung beans, and eight different DESs were compared on the extraction yield. In addition, the traditional extraction method with 30% ethanol was performed as the reference. The results showed that ethylene glycol-glycolic acid achieved the highest yield among all the DESs, 1.6 times that of the reference values. Furthermore, the DES-UAE parameters were optimized as a 60 mL/g liquid-solid ratio, 30% water content in DES, 200 W ultrasonic power, 67 °C ultrasonic temperature, and 10 min extraction time, leading to the DES extract with the maximum extraction yield of 2339.45 ± 42.98 μg/g, and the significantly stronger DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability than the traditional extract. Therefore, employing DES and ultrasonic extraction together offers a green method for extracting flavonoids from mung beans, advancing the development and utilization of plant-derived effective components in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Gao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Longli Xie
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Peng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mo Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingming Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanying Ni
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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Amin HIM, Amin KYM, Armijos C, Hussain FHS, Jawhar ZH, Caprioglio D, Mella M, Vidari G. A New Glucosyl Flavone with Inhibitory Activity of Cancer Cell Viability and Other Bioactive Constituents from the Traditional Kurdish Plant Plantago loeflingii L. Molecules 2024; 29:1079. [PMID: 38474591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A new glucosyl flavone, 5,7,2',5'-tetrahydroxyflavone 7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, named loeflingiin, together with apigenin 6-C-glucoside (isovitexin), coumarins citropten and isompinellin, triterpenoids betulin and betulinic acid, and a mixture of phytosterols β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol were isolated for the first time from the leaves of wild Plantago loeflingii L. (Plantaginaceae) collected in the Iraqi Kurdistan region. The plant is used by local people to treat wounds and as a vulnerary remedy. The structures of isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The activities of isovitexin and loeflingiinon the viability of breast (MCF7), ovarian (BG-1), endometrial (Ishikawa), and mesothelioma (IST-MES1) human cancer cells and two normal cell lines were determined with an MTT assay. Notably, the new 7-O-glucosyl flavone showed effects higher than cisplatin against the Ishikawa and IST-MESI cell lines. The significant biological activities exhibited by all the compounds isolated from P. loeflingii provided scientific evidence to support the use of the plant in the Kurdish traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawraz Ibrahim M Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Kamaran Younis M Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Chabaco Armijos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110107, Ecuador
| | - Faiq H S Hussain
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zanko Hassan Jawhar
- Department of Science, College of Health Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Diego Caprioglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mariella Mella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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15
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Zhou J, Sun F, Zhang W, Feng Z, Yang Y, Mei Z. Novel insight into the therapeutical potential of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1352760. [PMID: 38487170 PMCID: PMC10937431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1352760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a major contributor to poor prognosis of ischemic stroke. Flavonoids are a broad family of plant polyphenols which are abundant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have beneficial effects on several diseases including ischemic stroke. Accumulating studies have indicated that flavonoids derived from herbal TCM are effective in alleviating CIRI after ischemic stroke in vitro or in vivo, and exhibit favourable therapeutical potential. Herein, we systematically review the classification, metabolic absorption, neuroprotective efficacy, and mechanisms of TCM flavonoids against CIRI. The literature suggest that flavonoids exert potential medicinal functions including suppressing excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overloading, oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombin's cellular toxicity, different types of programmed cell deaths, and protecting the blood-brain barrier, as well as promoting neurogenesis in the recovery stage following ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we identified certain matters that should be taken into account in future research, as well as proposed difficulties and opportunities in transforming TCM-derived flavonoids into medications or functional foods for the treatment or prevention of CIRI. Overall, in this review we aim to provide novel ideas for the identification of new prospective medication candidates for the therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
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16
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Lotfi MS, Rassouli FB. Natural Flavonoid Apigenin, an Effective Agent Against Nervous System Cancers. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03917-y. [PMID: 38206472 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03917-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a serious public health concern worldwide, and nervous system (NS) cancers are among the most life-threatening malignancies. Efforts have been devoted to introduce natural anticancer agents with minimal side effects. Apigenin is an edible flavonoid that is abundantly found in many vegetables and fruits. Various pharmaceutical activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects have been reported for apigenin. This review provides insights into the therapeutic effects of apigenin and flavonoids with similar structure on glioblastoma and neuroblastoma. Current evidence indicates that apigenin has the unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, and its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neurogenic, and neuroprotective effects have made this flavonoid a great option for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Meanwhile, apigenin has low toxicity on normal neuronal cells, while induces cytotoxicity on NS cancer cells via triggering several signal pathways and molecular targets. Anticancer effects of apigenin have been contributed to various mechanisms such as induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibition of migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Although apigenin is a promising pharmaceutical agent, its low bioavailability is an important issue that must be solved before introducing to clinic. Recently, nano-delivery of apigenin by liposomes and poly lactic-co-glycolide nanoparticles has greatly improved functionality of this agent. Hence, investigating pharmaceutical effects of apigenin-loaded nanocarriers on NS cancer cell lines and animal models is recommended for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Sadegh Lotfi
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh B Rassouli
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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17
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Kundu A, Ghosh P, Bishayi B. Vitexin along with verapamil downregulates efflux pump P-glycoprotein in macrophages and potentiate M1 to M2 switching via TLR4-NF-κB-TNFR2 pathway in lipopolysaccharide treated mice. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152767. [PMID: 38103391 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide, a microbial toxin, is one of the major causative agents of sepsis. P-gp expression and its functions are altered during inflammation. LPS has been known to impair the functions of P-gp, an efflux transporter. But the effect of LPS on P-gp expression in murine peritoneal macrophages is poorly understood. Molecular docking studies reveal that vitexin is a potent substrate and verapamil a potent inhibitor of P-gp. In the present experimental study, the curative potential of vitexin as a fruit component and verapamil treated as a control inhibitor of P-gp was examined in a murine LPS sepsis model. The effects of vitexin and verapamil on P-gp expression in macrophages correlating with changes in macrophage polarization and associated functional responses during LPS induced sepsis were studied. Peritoneal macrophages of LPS (10 mg/kg body weight) challenged mice exhibited elevated levels of H2O2, superoxide, and NO in parallel with lower antioxidant activity. LPS treatment increased P-gp expression through increased TLR4/expression. However, LPS challenged mice treated with vitexin (5 mg/kg body weight) + verapamil (5 mg/kg body weight) showed higher anti-oxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT and GRx) resulting in reduced oxidative stress. This combination treatment also elevated TNFR2, concomitant with down-regulation of TLR4, NF-κB and P-gp expression in murine peritoneal macrophages, resulting in a switch from M1 to M2 polarisation of macrophages and reduced inflammatory responses. In conclusion, combined vitexin and verapamil treatment could be used as a promising therapy to regulate P-gp expression and protection against LPS mediated sepsis and inflammatory damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayantika Kundu
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratiti Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India.
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India.
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18
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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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19
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Gyuzeleva D, Benina M, Ivanova V, Vatov E, Alseekh S, Mladenova T, Mladenov R, Todorov K, Bivolarska A, Stoyanov P. Metabolome Profiling of Marrubium peregrinum L. and Marrubium friwaldskyanum Boiss Reveals Their Potential as Sources of Plant-Based Pharmaceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17035. [PMID: 38069358 PMCID: PMC10707198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Marrubium species have been used since ancient times as food additives and curative treatments. Their phytochemical composition and various pharmacological activities were the focus of a number of scientific investigations but no comprehensive metabolome profiling to identify the numerous primary and secondary metabolites has been performed so far. This study aimed to generate a comprehensive picture of the total metabolite content of two Marrubium species-M. peregrinum and M. friwaldskyanum-to provide detailed information about the main primary and secondary metabolites. In addition, the elemental composition was also evaluated. For this purpose, non-targeted metabolomic analyses were conducted using GC-MS, UPLC-MS/MS and ICP-MS approaches. Nearly 500 compounds and 12 elements were detected and described. The results showed a strong presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and their glucosides, which are generally of great interest due to their various pharmacological activities. Furthermore, tissue-specific analyses for M. friwaldskyanum stem, leaves and flowers were carried out in order to outline the sources of potentially important bioactive molecules. The results generated from this study depict the Marrubium metabolome and reveal its dual scientific importance-from one side, providing information about the metabolites that is fundamental and vital for the survival of these species, and from the other side, defining the large diversity of secondary substances that are a potential source of phytotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donika Gyuzeleva
- Department of Botany and Biological Education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (D.G.); (T.M.)
| | - Maria Benina
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 14 Sveti Kniaz Boris I Pokrastitel Str., 4023 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Valentina Ivanova
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 14 Sveti Kniaz Boris I Pokrastitel Str., 4023 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Emil Vatov
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 14 Sveti Kniaz Boris I Pokrastitel Str., 4023 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 14 Sveti Kniaz Boris I Pokrastitel Str., 4023 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 1, Am Mühlenberg, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tsvetelina Mladenova
- Department of Botany and Biological Education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (D.G.); (T.M.)
| | - Rumen Mladenov
- Department of Botany and Biological Education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (D.G.); (T.M.)
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Todorov
- Department of Botany and Biological Education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (D.G.); (T.M.)
| | - Anelia Bivolarska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Stoyanov
- Department of Botany and Biological Education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (D.G.); (T.M.)
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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20
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Li S, Luo L, Wang S, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Huang K, Guan X. Regulation of gut microbiota and alleviation of DSS-induced colitis by vitexin. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3433-3445. [PMID: 37676484 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitexin is one of the flavonoids in millet and has a variety of biological activities. However, the function of vitexin on colitis is not clear. This research studied the regulation of vitexin on colitis and investigated the possible mechanisms. METHODS An in vitro fermentation model was used to evaluate the regulation of vitexin on gut microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). At the same time, an acute colitis mice model induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was used to evaluate the effects of vitexin on intestinal inflammation, barrier and gut microbiota. RESULTS In this study, it was found that vitexin altered the structure of gut microbiota by decreasing harmful bacteria, such as Veillonella, Terrisporobacter, Klebsiella, Paeniclostridium, and increasing beneficial bacteria, such as Parabacteroides, Flavonifractor, Blautia after in vitro fermentation with the feces of colitis patients. Further, DSS-induced colitis mice models revealed that vitexin treatment significantly improved colitis symptoms, maintained intestinal barrier and down-regulated the expression of inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β and TNF-α. In addition, vitexin also improved the diversity of gut microbiota of colitis mice by decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria. CONCLUSION This research suggested that vitexin could alleviate colitis by regulating gut microbiota and attenuated gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Qiqi Sun
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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21
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Sehrawat N, Yadav M, Kumar S, Devi A, Singh R, Sharma V, Dhama K, Lorenzo JM, Sharma AK. Mung bean as a potent emerging functional food having anticancer therapeutic potential: Mechanistic insight and recent updates. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:2002-2016. [PMID: 37574464 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is still a major challenge for humans. In recent years, researchers have focused on plant-based metabolites as a safe, efficient, alternative or combinatorial, as well as cost-effective preventive strategy against carcinogenesis. Mung bean is an important nutritious legume, and known for providing various health benefits due to various bioactive phytochemicals and easily digestible proteins. Regular intake of mung bean helps to regulate metabolism by affecting the growth and survival of good microbes in the host gut. Mung bean has also been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory properties. These properties may possess the preventive potential of mung bean against carcinogenesis. Bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature were searched through a structured conceptual approach using focused review questions on mung beans, anticancer, therapeutics, and functional foods along with inclusion/exclusion criteria. For the appraisal of the quality of retrieved articles, standard tools were employed. A deductive qualitative content analysis methodology further led us to analyze outcomes of the research and review articles. The present review provides recent updates on the anticancer potential of mung bean and the possible mechanism of action thereof to prevent carcinogenesis and metastasis. Extensive research on the active metabolites and mechanisms of action is required to establish the anticancer potential of mung bean. Keeping the above facts in view, mung bean should be investigated for its bioactive compounds, to be considered as functional food of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Sehrawat
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Bio-medical Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ashwanti Devi
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Rajbir Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Varruchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Facultade de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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22
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Zakaria Z, Othman ZA, Nna VU, Mohamed M. The promising roles of medicinal plants and bioactive compounds on hepatic lipid metabolism in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in animal models: molecular targets. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1262-1278. [PMID: 34153200 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1939387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Imbalance in hepatic lipid metabolism can lead to an abnormal triglycerides deposition in the hepatocytes which can cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Four main mechanisms responsible for regulating hepatic lipid metabolism are fatty acid uptake, de novo lipogenesis, lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Controlling the expression of transcription factors at molecular level plays a crucial role in NAFLD management. This paper reviews various medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds emphasising mechanisms involved in hepatic lipid metabolism, other important NAFLD pathological features, and their promising roles in managing NAFLD through regulating key transcription factors. Although there are many medicinal plants popularly investigated for NAFLD treatment, there is still little information and scientific evidence available and there has been no research on clinical trials scrutinised on this matter. This review also aims to provide molecular information of medicinal plants in NALFD treatment that might have potentials for future scientifically controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zaidatul Akmal Othman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Unit of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Unit of Integrative Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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de Melo LFM, Barbosa JDS, Cordeiro MLDS, Aquino-Martins VGDQ, da Silva AP, Paiva WDS, Silveira ER, dos Santos DYAC, Rocha HAO, Scortecci KC. The Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Potential of Coccoloba alnifolia Leaf Extracts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15885. [PMID: 37958868 PMCID: PMC10650087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with different diseases, and different medicinal plants have been used to treat or prevent this condition. The leaf ethanolic extract (EE) and aqueous extract (AE) from Coccoloba alnifolia have previously been characterized to have antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we worked with EE and AE and two partition phases, AF (ethyl acetate) and BF (butanol), from AE extract. These extracts and partition phases did not display cytotoxicity. The EE and AE reduced NO production and ROS in all three concentrations tested. Furthermore, it was observed that EE and AE at 500 μg/mL concentration were able to reduce phagocytic activity by 30 and 50%, respectively. A scratch assay using a fibroblast cell line (NHI/3T3) showed that extracts and fractions induced cell migration with 60% wound recovery within 24 h, especially for BF. It was also observed that AF and BF had antioxidant potential in all the assays evaluated. In addition, copper chelation was observed. This activity was previously not detected in AE. The HPLC-DAD analysis showed the presence of phenolic compounds such as p-cumaric acid and vitexin for extracts, while the GNPS annotated the presence of isoorientin, vitexin, kanakugiol, and tryptamine in the BF partition phase. The data presented here demonstrated that the EE, AE, AF, and BF of C. alnifolia have potential immunomodulatory effects, antioxidant effects, as well as in vitro wound healing characteristics, which are important for dynamic inflammation process control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Fentanes Moura de Melo
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Jefferson da Silva Barbosa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Federal Institut of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), São Gonçalo do Amarante 59291-727, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia da Silva Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Verônica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino-Martins
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Ariana Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Weslley de Souza Paiva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Northeast Biotecnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Elielson Rodrigo Silveira
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Botany Departament, Bioscience Institut, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Déborah Yara A. Cursino dos Santos
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Botany Departament, Bioscience Institut, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Kátia Castanho Scortecci
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
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Song J, Wang H, Sheng J, Zhang W, Lei J, Gan W, Cai F, Yang Y. Vitexin attenuates chronic kidney disease by inhibiting renal tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis via NRF2 activation. Mol Med 2023; 29:147. [PMID: 37891461 PMCID: PMC10612207 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves a variety of pathological processes, and ferroptosis plays a vital role in CKD progression. Targeting ferroptosis is a promising strategy for the treatment of CKD. However, inhibitors of ferroptosis have not been used in the clinical treatment of CKD. Vitexin is a natural flavonoid with many biological activities and protective effects against various diseases. However, whether vitexin can prevent the progression of CKD is not known. METHODS In vivo, the effect of vitexin on CKD was evaluated by using mouse models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion (UIR). Western blotting, Sirius red staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze renal tubular injury, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in the kidneys of UUO and UIR mice. In vitro, CCK8 assays and lipid peroxidation assays were performed to analyze cell viability and lipid peroxidation in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK2 cells) induced by erastin. The activation of renal fibroblasts (NRK-49 F cells) was also analyzed. Additionally, an in-silico protein-drug docking model and coimmunoprecipitation were performed to determine the direct substrate of vitexin. RESULTS In vivo, vitexin treatment significantly ameliorated renal tubular injury, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in the kidneys of UUO and UIR mice. Additionally, our results showed that vitexin significantly attenuated UUO- and UIR-induced ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells by upregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein levels and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in mouse kidneys. In vitro, treatment with vitexin inhibited erastin-induced ferroptosis in HK2 cells. Moreover, vitexin inhibited the expression of collagen I and α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) in NRK-49 F cells induced by the supernatant of erastin-treated HK2 cells. Mechanistically, our results suggested that vitexin could activate the NRF2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway by inhibiting the KEAP1- and ubiquitination-mediated degradation of NRF2, thereby increasing the expression of GPX4, and further inhibiting lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Additionally, knockout of NRF2 greatly inhibited the antiferroptotic effects of vitexin. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results indicate that vitexin can protect against renal tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis in CKD by activating the KEAP1/NRF2/HO-1 pathway and is a promising drug to treat CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Song
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongri Wang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyi Sheng
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Lei
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Gan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fangfang Cai
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yunwen Yang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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25
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Ye Z, Fang Z, Li D, Lin X, Huang S. Exploring the material basis and mechanism of action of clinacanthus nutans in treating renal cell carcinoma based on metabolomics and network pharmacology. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35675. [PMID: 37861516 PMCID: PMC10589591 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinacanthus nutans (for abbreviation thereafter) is often used as medicine in the form of fresh juice in the folk to treat many kinds of cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It is speculated that its active ingredient may have heat sensitivity, but there are currently no reports on this aspect. Therefore, based on the folk application for fresh juice of C nutans, this study used metabonomics and network pharmacology to explore the material basis and mechanism of action of C nutans against RCC. METHODS Firstly, untargeted metabolomics profiling was performed by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to screen the metabolites down-regulated by heat in the extract of C nutans. Secondly, we collected the targets of metabolites in the Swiss Target Prediction platform. In addition, the targets of RCC were obtained in the GeneCards database. The "component-target-disease" network was established by Cytoscape3.9.0 software. Then we constructed a protein-protein interaction network in the STRING network platform to screen core targets. The gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis of core targets were carried out to predict the relevant pathway of C nutans in the treatment of RCC. Finally, the molecular docking verification of the core targets were carried out. RESULTS In this study, 35 potential active ingredients and 125 potential targets were obtained. And the core targets were Cellular tumor antigen p53, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and so on. Then, 48 biological processes, 30 cell components, and 36 molecular functions were obtained by gene ontology enrichment analysis. Besides, 44 pathways were obtained by Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis, including Pathway in cancer, PI3K-Akt signal pathway, P53 signal pathway, and so on. The docking model between the core target and its corresponding components was stable. CONCLUSION This research is based on the folk application of C nutans, showed its potential active ingredients by metabonomics, and predicted the potential mechanism of C nutans in the treatment of RCC by network pharmacology. It provides new references for follow-up research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Zhang L, Shi L, Han J, Li Z. Protection of β-pancreatic cells from dysfunctionality of insulin using vitexin by apoptosis of INS-1 cells. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1160-1167. [PMID: 33835897 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1910714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to explore the possible beneficial effects of vitexin on high glucose (HG)-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells. METHODS INS-1 pancreatic β-cell line has used this study. HG-induced (33 Mm) exposed INS-1 cell death; the apoptosis INS-1 cells treated vitexin 10, 20, 40, and 80 µg/mL for 24 hours. The anti-apoptosis properties were evaluated by MTT assay, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay, biochemical assay, annexin-V-FITC staining and western blot analysis. RESULTS These findings demonstrate that vitexin treatment improved the HG-exposure, reduced the INS-1 cell viability and significantly enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The antioxidant studies revealed that vitexin treatment significantly decreased lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species and increased antioxidant level of INS-1 cell line in 24 hrs. The findings of the study suggested that in the vitexin treatment group, pancreatic apoptosis and Bax protein expression reduced significantly. At the same time, Bcl-2 protein expression increased, and NF-κB protein in HG-induced INS-cells was inhibited. CONCLUSION Therefore, our results suggest that vitexin can be successfully used to regulate the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, reduce lipid peroxidation and to improve the secretion of antioxidants in pancreatic β-cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of endocrinology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan city, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lianfeng Shi
- Department of First General Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Juanjuan Han
- Department of First General Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhenzuo Li
- Department of endocrinology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan city, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Du QY, He M, Gao X, Yu X, Zhang JN, Shi J, Zhang F, Lu YY, Wang HQ, Yu YJ, Zhang X. Geographical discrimination of Flos Trollii by GC-MS and UHPLC-HRMS-based untargeted metabolomics combined with chemometrics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115550. [PMID: 37429118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, Flos Trollii has been consumed as functional tea and a folk medicine in China's north and northwest zones. The quality of Flos Trollii highly depends on the producing zones. Unfortunately, few studies have been reported on the geographical discrimination of Flos Trollii. This work comprehensively investigated Flos Trollii compounds with an integration strategy combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) with chemometrics to explore the differences between Flos Trollii obtained from various origins of China. About 71 volatile and 22 involatile markers were identified with GC-MS and UHPLC-HRMS, respectively. Geographical discrimination models were synthetically investigated based on the identified markers. The results indicated that the UHPLC-HRMS coupled with the fisher discrimination model provided the best prediction capability (>97%). This study provides a new solution for Flos Trollii discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Du
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Min He
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jia-Ni Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - You-Yuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Drug Development and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Han-Qing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Drug Development and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yong-Jie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Drug Development and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Drug Development and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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Banik A, Ahmed SR, Shahid SB, Ahmed T, Tamanna HK, Marma H. Therapeutic Promises of Plant Metabolites against Monkeypox Virus: An In Silico Study. Adv Virol 2023; 2023:9919776. [PMID: 37693295 PMCID: PMC10492655 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9919776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The monkeypox virus was still spreading in May 2022, with the first case identified in a person with travel ties to Nigeria. Using molecular docking-based techniques, we evaluated the efficiency of different bioactive chemicals obtained from plants against the monkeypox virus. A total of 56 plant compounds were evaluated for antimonekypox capabilities, with the top four candidates having a higher binding affinity than the control. We targeted the monkeypox profilin-like protein, which plays a key role in viral replication and assembly. Among the metabolites, curcumin showed the strongest binding affinity with a value of -37.43 kcal/mol, followed by gedunin (-34.89 kcal/mol), piperine (-34.58 kcal/mol), and coumadin (-34.14 kcal/mol). Based on ADME and toxicity assessments, the top four substances had no negative impacts. Furthermore, four compounds demonstrated resistance to deformability, which was corroborated by normal mode analysis. According to the bioactivity prediction study, the top compound target class was an enzyme, membrane receptor, and oxidoreductase. Furthermore, the study discovered that wortmannin, a gedunin analogue, can behave as an orthopoxvirus. The study found that these bioactive natural drug candidates could potentially work as monkeypox virus inhibitors. We recommended further experimental validation to confirm the promising findings of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Banik
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Rashel Ahmed
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Sonia Binte Shahid
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Tufayel Ahmed
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Hlamrasong Marma
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
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29
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Le Dang Q, Vu HD, Nguyen VM, Choi GJ, Hoa LTP, Dung DT, Van Kiem P, Nhiem NX, De Tran Q, Nguyen QC, Nghiem DT, Quang DN. Desmodinosides A-E: New Flavonoid C-glycosides from Desmodium heterocarpon var. stigosum with hepatoprotective and antifungal activity. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105609. [PMID: 37453701 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Five new flavonoid C-glycosides named desmodinosides A-E (1-5) and one known compound, apigenin 6-C-β-d-xylopyranosyl-2''-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) have been isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Desmodium heterocarpon var. stigosum. These compounds were determined by 1D and 2D-NMR and HR-MS spectroscopies. The methanol extract of this plant, in particular, demonstrated hepatoprotection and antifungal inhibition. This extract has a remarkable hepatoprotection and activity-dose response with an EC50 of 43.07 μg/mL. The hepatoprotective effect on human liver hepatoma cells (HepG2) of the isolated flavonoid C-glycosides 1-6 was observed. Desmodinosides A-C (1-3) were found to exhibit moderate hepatoprotective activity on HepG2 cells. Of these, compound 2 showed the best hepatoprotective activity with an EC50 value of 74.12 μg/mL. While compounds 1 and 3 displayed EC50 values of 271.21 and 211.99 μg/mL, respectively. Quercetin, a positive control, also caused an EC50 value of 36.42 μg/mL. In addition to having hepatoprotective effect, the methanol extract had an inhibitory effect on the growth of oomycete; it inhibited Phytophthora infestans with IC50 of 13.3 μg/mL and IC90 of 78.7 μg/mL. The oomycete inhibition was directly attributed to compounds 5 and 6, which significantly inhibited P. infestans with IC50 values of 27.4 and 24.7 μg/mL, respectively. Both 5 and 6 and methanol extract were active against P. infestanse in a dose-dependent manner. Our study demonstrated for the first time the new flavonoid C-glycosides from D. heterocarpon var. stigosum and their novel pharmacological properties. The study findings also suggest the plant extract and its metabolites could be used as a new botanical source of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Le Dang
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam.
| | - Hoang Dinh Vu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pesticides Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Van Minh Nguyen
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Phuong Hoa
- Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuanthuy Road, CauGiay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Duong Thi Dung
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 10072, Viet Nam
| | - Quang De Tran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 90000, Viet Nam
| | - Quoc Cuong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 90000, Viet Nam
| | - Duc Trong Nghiem
- Botany Department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Dang Ngoc Quang
- Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuanthuy Road, CauGiay, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam.
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Xiao L, Chen XJ, Feng JK, Li WN, Yuan S, Hu Y. Natural products as the calcium channel blockers for the treatment of arrhythmia: Advance and prospect. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105600. [PMID: 37419421 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmia is one of the commonly heart diseases with observed abnormal heart-beat rhythm that caused by the obstacles of cardiac activity and conduction. The arrhythmic pathogenesis is complex and capricious and related with other cardiovascular diseases that may lead to heart failure and sudden death. In particular, calcium overload is recognized as the main reason causing arrhythmia through inducing apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, calcium channel blockers have been widely used as the routine drugs for the treatment of arrhythmia, but the different arrhythmic complications and adverse effects limit their further applications and demand new drug discovery. Natural products have always been the rich minerals for the development of new drugs that could be employed as the versatile player for the discovery of safe and effective anti-arrhythmia drugs with new mechanisms. In this review, we summarized natural products with the activity against calcium signaling and the relevant mechanism of actions. We are expected to provide an inspiration for the pharmaceutical chemists to develop more potent calcium channel blockers for the treatment of arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xing-Juan Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing 100053, China
| | | | - Wei-Na Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China.
| | - Ying Hu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Senthamilan S, Aggarwal A, Grewal S, Rani S, Vats P, Pal P, Jaswal S, Arya A, Alhussien MN. Pre-treatment but not co-treatment with vitexin alleviates hyperthermia induced oxidative stress and inflammation in buffalo mammary epithelial cells. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 158:103979. [PMID: 37348446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated if in vitro supplementation of vitexin could mitigate the adverse effects of hyperthermia on buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs). Immortalized BuMECs were divided into seven groups (n = 3): (1) a negative control group at 37 °C; (2) BuMECs exposed to heat stress as a positive control at 42 °C for 1 h; (3-7) heat stressed BuMECs pre-treated or co-treated with different concentrations of vitexin (5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM), respectively. Hyperthermia was induced by exposing the cells to 42 ºC for 1 h. For the pre-treatment experiment, BuMECs were treated with vitexin for 2 h before hyperthermia exposure. For co-treatment, vitexin was added simultaneously with hyperthermia for 1 h. Subsequently, the cells were allowed to recover for 12 h at 37 °C. Results showed that pre-treatment with vitexin was more effective than co-treatment in protecting BuMECs from hyperthermia in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations (50 μM and 100 μM) being the most effective. Pre-treatment with vitexin maintained cellular viability and prevented inflammation by inducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene (BCL-2) and reducing the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene (Bax) and pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6) in heat-stressed BuMECs. Pre-treatment with vitexin reduced oxidative stress and induced thermotolerance by increasing the expression of antioxidants mediators such as SOD, GPx and CAT at mRNA and protein levels, and modulating the expression of heat shock proteins. The findings suggest that vitexin has the potential as a therapeutic agent to protect the mammary gland from the negative impact of hyperthermia in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Senthamilan
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Anjali Aggarwal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Sonika Grewal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India; Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Baghpat, S.V.P. University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250110, India.
| | - Sarita Rani
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Preeti Vats
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Prasanna Pal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Shalini Jaswal
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India; Depatment of Virology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ashwani Arya
- CH. Shivnath Singh Shandilya (P.G.) College, Machhra, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250106, India
| | - Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India; Reproductive Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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Geana EI, Ciucure CT, Tamaian R, Marinas IC, Gaboreanu DM, Stan M, Chitescu CL. Antioxidant and Wound Healing Bioactive Potential of Extracts Obtained from Bark and Needles of Softwood Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1383. [PMID: 37507922 PMCID: PMC10376860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in the extraction of phytochemical bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols from biomass, has recently increased due to their valuable biological potential as natural sources of antioxidants, which could be used in a wide range of applications, from foods and pharmaceuticals to green polymers and bio-based materials. The present research study aimed to provide a comprehensive chemical characterization of the phytochemical composition of forest biomass (bark and needles) of softwood species (Picea abies L., H. Karst., and Abies alba Mill.) and to investigate their in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities to assess their potential in treating and healing infected chronic wounds. The DPPH radical-scavenging method and P-LD were used for a mechanistic explanation of the biomolecular effects of the investigated bioactive compounds. (+)-Catechin, epicatechin, rutin, myricetin, 4 hydroxybenzoic and p-cumaric acids, kaempherol, and apigenin were the main quantified polyphenols in coniferous biomass (in quantities around 100 µg/g). Also, numerous phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, terpenes, lignans, secoiridoids, and indanes with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihemolytic, and anti-carcinogenic potential were identified. The Abies alba needle extract was more toxic to microbial strains than the eukaryotic cells that provide its active wound healing principles. In this context, developing industrial upscaling strategies is imperative for the long-term success of biorefineries and incorporating them as part of a circular bio-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeta-Irina Geana
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Corina Teodora Ciucure
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Radu Tamaian
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Ioana Cristina Marinas
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Diana Mădălina Gaboreanu
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna Stan
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Carmen Lidia Chitescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
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Kim BC, Lim I, Ha J. Metabolic profiling and expression analysis of key genetic factors in the biosynthetic pathways of antioxidant metabolites in mungbean sprouts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1207940. [PMID: 37396630 PMCID: PMC10313209 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1207940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Mungbeans (Vigna radiata L.), a major legume crop in Asia, contain higher amounts of functional substances than other legumes, such as catechin, chlorogenic acid, and vitexin. Germination can improve the nutritional value of legume seeds. Here, 20 functional substances were profiled in germinated mungbeans and the expression levels of the transcripts of key enzymes in targeted secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways were identified. VC1973A, a reference mungbean elite cultivar, had the highest amount of gallic acid (99.93 ± 0.13 mg/100 g DW) but showed lower contents of most metabolites than the other genotypes. Wild mungbeans contained a large amount of isoflavones compared with cultivated genotypes, especially for daidzin, genistin and glycitin. The expression of key genes involved in biosynthetic pathways had significant positive or negative correlations with the target secondary metabolite contents. The results indicate that functional substance contents are regulated at the transcriptional level, which can be applied to improve the nutritional value of mungbean sprouts in molecular breeding or genetic engineering, and wild mungbeans are a useful resource to improve the quality of mungbean sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Cheol Kim
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Insu Lim
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Ha
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Haeram Institute of Bakery Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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de la Peña I, Afable T, Dahilig-Talan VR, Cruz P. Review of Plant Extracts and Active Components: Mechanisms of Action for the Treatment of Obesity-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2023; 13:929. [PMID: 37371407 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been shown to negatively impact cognitive functions, but effective treatments for obesity-induced cognitive impairment are lacking. Natural dietary and plant products, functional foods, and plant-derived compounds have gained attention as potential remedies in part due to the nootropic properties of plants and certain plant-derived agents. This review discusses plant extracts and plant-derived substances that have been shown to ameliorate obesity-induced cognitive impairment in animal models. Mechanistic evaluations of their therapeutic effects are also summarized. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the review of 27 English language articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The nine plants (e.g., Ashwagandha, Adzuki bean, and olive) and 18 plant-derived substances (e.g., curcumin, Huperzine A, and Roxburgh's jewel orchid polysaccharides) included in this review improved obesity-induced cognitive impairment through several mechanisms, including attenuation of neuroinflammation, improvement in both central and peripheral insulin resistance, enhancement of neuroprotection and neurogenesis, and modulation of the synthesis and release of cognition-associated neurotransmitters. Based on these findings, plants and plant-derived substances may hold promise for the prevention and treatment of obesity-induced cognitive impairment. Further research is warranted to explore the clinical potential of these plant-derived treatments and to elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ike de la Peña
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Timothy Afable
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | | | - Philip Cruz
- Herbanext Laboratories, Inc., Negros South Road, Bago City 6101, Philippines
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Zhou Y, Chen M, Huo X, Xu Q, Wu L, Wang L. Separation of Flavonoids and Purification of Chlorogenic Acid from Bamboo Leaves Extraction Residues by Combination of Macroporous Resin and High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114443. [PMID: 37298918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are major active small-molecule compounds in bamboo leaves, which can be easily obtained from the bamboo leaves extraction residues (BLER) after the polysaccharides extraction. Six macroporous resins with different properties were screened to prepare and enrich isoorientin (IOR), orientin (OR), vitexin (VI), and isovitexin (IVI) from BLER, and the XAD-7HP resin with the best adsorption and desorption performance was selected for further evaluation. Based on the static adsorption experiments, the experimental results showed that the adsorption isotherm fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption process was better explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After the dynamic trial of resin column chromatography, 20 bed volume (BV) of upload sample and 60% ethanol as eluting solvent was used in a lab scale-up separation, and the results demonstrated that the content of four flavonoids could be increased by 4.5-fold, with recoveries between 72.86 and 88.21%. In addition, chlorogenic acid (CA) with purity of 95.1% was obtained in water-eluted parts during dynamic resin separation and further purified by high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC). In conclusion, this rapid and efficient method can provide a reference to utilize BLER to produce high-value-added food and pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhou
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Meixu Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Xinyi Huo
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Qilin Xu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Liling Wang
- Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Kujawowicz K, Mirończuk-Chodakowska I, Witkowska AM. Sirtuin 1 as a potential biomarker of undernutrition in the elderly: a narrative review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37229564 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2214208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Undernutrition and inflammatory processes are predictors of early mortality in the elderly and require a rapid and accurate diagnosis. Currently, there are laboratory markers for assessing nutritional status, but new markers are still being sought. Recent studies suggest that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has the potential to be a marker for undernutrition. This article summarizes available studies on the association of SIRT1 and undernutrition in older people. Possible associations between SIRT1 and the aging process, inflammation, and undernutrition in the elderly have been described. The literature suggests that low SIRT1 levels in the blood of older people may not be associated with physiological aging processes, but with an increased risk of severe undernutrition associated with inflammation and systemic metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kujawowicz
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Grauso L, de Falco B, Bochicchio R, Scarpato S, Addesso R, Lanzotti V. Leaf metabolomics and molecular networking of wild type and mutant genotypes of chia (Salvia hispanica L.). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 209:113611. [PMID: 36804479 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salvia hispanica L., commonly named Chia, is a food plant from Central America and Australia, producing seeds whose consumption has been increasing in the last decade. Several articles analysed the seeds metabolite content. However, few is known about Chia leaves. This work is the first report on the whole metabolite profile of chia leaves, determined by spectroscopic methods including NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS coupled with chemometrics analysis. Additionally, molecular networking has been applied to the LC-MS data to determine the flavonoid composition. Different chia sources were compared: one commercial (black) and three early flowering (G3, G8 and G17) mutant genotypes cultivated at two irrigation regimes (50 and 100%). Organic extracts were mainly composed by saturated and mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with palmitic being the most abundant followed by oleic and linolenic acids. Aqueous extracts contained glucose, galactose, and fructose as main sugars. Flavonoids were based on vitexin and orientin and their analogues. Chemical composition of early flowering genotypes was quite similar to commercial black chia with the exception of G8 showing significant differences in the polar phase. A generally highest content of omega-9 fatty acids has been found in the early flowering genotypes along with high content of nutraceuticals suggesting them as a potential source of raw materials for the food/feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grauso
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, I-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - Bruna de Falco
- Canarian Science and Technology Park Foundation, Spanish Bank of Algae, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain.
| | - Rocco Bochicchio
- Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università della Basilicata, viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Silvia Scarpato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rosangela Addesso
- Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università della Basilicata, viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Virginia Lanzotti
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, I-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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Chong Y, Kim BG, Park YJ, Yang Y, Lee SW, Lee Y, Ahn JH. Production of Four Flavonoid C-Glucosides in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5302-5313. [PMID: 36952620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid C-glucosides, which are found in several plant families, are characterized by several biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antibacterial, antihyperalgesic, antiviral, and antinociceptive activities. The biosynthetic pathway of flavonoid C-glucosides in plants has been elucidated. In the present study, a pathway was introduced to Escherichia coli to synthesize four flavonoid C-glucosides, namely, isovitexin, vitexin, kaempferol 6-C-glucoside, and kaempferol 8-C-glucoside. A five- or six-step metabolic pathway for synthesizing flavonoid aglycones from tyrosine was constructed and two regioselective flavonoid C-glycosyltransferases from Wasabia japonica (WjGT1) and Trollius chinensis (TcCGT) were used. Additionally, the best shikimate gene module construct was selected to maximize the titer of each C-glucoside flavonoid. Isovitexin (30.2 mg/L), vitexin (93.9 mg/L), kaempferol 6-C-glucoside (14.4 mg/L), and kaempferol 8-C-glucoside (38.6 mg/L) were synthesized using these approaches. The flavonoid C-glucosides synthesized in this study provide a basis for investigating and unraveling their novel biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Chong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Kim
- Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangman-do 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youri Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Won Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshim Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Mustapha M, Mat Taib CN. Beneficial Role of Vitexin in Parkinson's Disease. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:8-25. [PMID: 37102042 PMCID: PMC10125247 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the foremost neurological disorder all across the globe. In the quest for a novel therapeutic agent for PD with a multimodal mechanism of action and relatively better safety profile, natural flavonoids are now receiving greater attention as a potential source of neuroprotection. Vitexin have been shown to exhibit diverse biological benefits in various disease conditions, including PD. It exerts its anti-oxidative property in PD patients by either directly scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) or by upregulating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Also, vitexin activates the ERK1/1 and phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pro-survival signalling pathway, which upregulates the release of anti-apoptotic proteins and downregulates the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. It could be antagonistic to protein misfolding and aggregation. Studies have shown that it can also act as an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) enzyme, thereby increasing striatal dopamine levels, and hence, restoring the behavioural deficit in experimental PD models. Such promising pharmacological potential of vitexin could be a game-changer in devising novel therapeutic strategies against PD. This review discusses the chemistry, properties, sources, bioavailability and safety profile of vitexin. The possible molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective action of vitexin in the pathogenesis of PD alongside its therapeutic potential is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Mustapha
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Che Norma Mat Taib
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Anticancer Potential of Apigenin and Isovitexin with Focus on Oncogenic Metabolism in Cancer Stem Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030404. [PMID: 36984844 PMCID: PMC10051376 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) go through metabolic changes that differentiate them from non-CSCs. The altered metabolism of CSCs plays a vital role in tumor initiation, progression, immunosuppression, and resistance to conventional therapy. Therefore, defining the role of CSC metabolism in carcinogenesis has emerged as a main focus in cancer research. Two natural flavonoids, apigenin and isovitexin, have been shown to act synergistically with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs by sensitizing CSCs, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study is to present a critical and broad evaluation of the anti-CSC capability of apigenin and isovitexin in different cancers as novel and untapped natural compounds for developing drugs. A thorough review of the included literature supports a strong association between anti-CSC activity and treatment with apigenin or isovitexin. Additionally, it has been shown that apigenin or isovitexin affected CSC metabolism and reduced CSCs through various mechanisms, including the suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB protein expression, and the downregulation of the cell cycle via upregulation of p21 and cyclin-dependent kinases. The findings of this study demonstrate that apigenin and isovitexin are potent candidates for treating cancer due to their antagonistic effects on CSC metabolism.
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Feng Y, Zhang P, Yang Y, Wang Z, Luo G, Yang W. Qualitative and quantitative method for quality control of Itea ilicifolia based on antioxidant Q-markers. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5594. [PMID: 36735642 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Itea ilicifolia Oliv is a folk medicine with antioxidant potential. In this study, the fingerprints of 14 batches of I. ilicifolia were established by HPLC with 17 common peaks. The similarities evaluated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia (version 2012) were >0.89. Ten compounds were identified with definite structures by comparing the retention time and characteristic UV spectral pattern with those of reference substances. The antioxidant capacities of 14 batches of I. ilicifolia were evaluated based on O2 ·- , DPPH and ABTS·+ radical scavenging assays in combination with ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Via multivariate statistical analyses of gray relation analysis, bivariate correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis, a study on the spectrum-effect relationship was then performed to screen eight peaks as the antioxidant Q-markers of I. ilicifolia. The contents of representative antioxidant Q-markers (isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, isovitexin and iteafuranal A) in samples were accurately determined to be 0.054-0.118%, 0.034-0.080%, 0.018-0.055%, 0.031-0.091% and 0.033-0.140%, respectively. The qualitative and quantitative analytical method based on Q-markers helps to control the antioxidant quality of I. ilicifolia, which will lay the foundation to promote the rational utilization of I. ilicifolia in curing diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaxin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoyong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wude Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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1H NMR-based metabolic profile and chemometric analysis for the discrimination of Passiflora species genotypic variations. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112441. [PMID: 36738006 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The species of the genus Passiflora (Passifloraceae family) have been used as food, cosmetic and traditional herbal. As a result, the Passiflora species are widely cultivated and has an economic, medicinal and ornamental importance. The popular designation as "passion fruit" and chemical profile of several Passiflora species remains unknown. The lack of chemical information contributes to the erroneous classification and adulteration. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the bioactivity and phytochemical profiles of several Passiflora species extracts. In this research, 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling coupled with chemometric tools was used to characterize and distinguish extracts obtained from different wild Passiflora species (P. alata, P. cincinnata, and P. setacea) and genetic varieties (P. alata var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado, P. cincinnata var. BRS Sertão Forte, and P. setacea var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado). Fourteen metabolites were identified by 1D and 2D NMR experiments, highlighting the presence of fatty acids, carbohydrates, saponins, alkaloids, and mainly C-glycosidic flavones. Principal components analysis (PCA) allowed discrimination of Passiflora extracts, which the quadranguloside, oleanolic acid-3-sophoroside, α-glucose, β-glucose, and vitexin-2-O"-rhamnoside were relevant in the differentiation of P. alata and P. alata var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado, while the flavones isovitexin and isovitexin-2-O"-xyloside were dominant in the grouping of P. setacea and P. setacea var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado, and finally P. cincinnata and P. cincinnata var. BRS Sertão Forte grouped by the influence of the fatty acids, sucrose, flavones (isoorientin and vitexin-2-O"-xyloside), and trigonelline. The varieties of P. setacea, and P. cincinnata are chemically equivalent to the original Passiflora species. However, the PCA analysis showed that the genetic variety of P. alata occupied a different position in the scores plot provoked mainly by the presence of oleanolic acid-3-sophoroside. The 1H NMR metabolic profile can be efficient for quality control evaluation, and can contribute to the investigation of new alternatives for official Passiflora herbal medicines.
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Tseng CY, Yu PR, Hsu CC, Lin HH, Chen JH. The effect of isovitexin on lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury and inflammation by induction of protective autophagy. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113581. [PMID: 36572206 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a systemic inflammatory syndrome that includes tubulointerstitial inflammation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, can increase reactive oxygen species production (ROS) that triggers cell inflammation. Isovitexin (IV) is a flavone that has the potential for anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to hypothesize that IV inhibited LPS-induced renal injury in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study, IV prevented LPS-induced ROS production and increased cell viability on SV40-MES-13 cells. Additionally, IV ameliorated mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulated inflammation and pyroptosis factors on LPS treatment. We found that LPS treatment reduced the expression of autophagy, however, this effect was reversed by IV. In vivo study, the renal injury model in C57BL/6 mice cotreatment with IV was examined. In addition, IV decreased LPS-induced glomerular atrophy and reduced inflammation-related cytokines releases. Further showed that IV could significantly reduce LPS-induced inflammation and pyroptosis factors in mice. Under the immunostaining, increased fluorescence of LC3 autophagy-related protein was recovered by IV. In summary, IV ameliorated renal injury, inflammation and increased protected autophagy by anti-ROS production, anti-inflammation, and anti-pyroptosis. In the future, the safety of isovitexin as a novel perspective for CKD patients should be evaluated in further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Yun Tseng
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Rong Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hsien Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
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Batra B, Srinivasan S, Gopalakrishnan SG, Patel CN, Kumar V, Sourirajan A, Dev K. Molecular insights into the interaction of eighteen different variants of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with sixteen therapeutically important phytocompounds: in silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12880-12907. [PMID: 36690609 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2169761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has mutated many times among different populations. We analyzed wild-type spike protein and 18 different variants of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein known until the beginning of 2022 (alpha, beta, B.1.429, B.1.616, B.1.620, B.1.617.3, C.1.2, delta, epsilon, eta, gamma, iota, kappa, lambda, mu, omicron, theta, and zeta) for their interaction with 16 phytocompounds and remdesivir, resulting into 425 combinations. The largest number of mutations has been reported in the omicron followed by delta variant. However, the virulence of the delta variant has been reported higher as compared to omicron. Mutations at a few locations (D215G, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G, and P681H) were common in most of the variants. 3 D structures of all the 18 spike proteins were created using SWISS-MODEL to test the binding affinities with caffeine theophylline, emodin, vitexin, berberine, curcumin, piperine, quercetin, artemisinin, carvacrol, capsaicin, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, α- pinene, β- pinene and gingerol. Phytocompounds and mutant variants were prepared using AutoDock 4.2.6 software. Binding affinities of the selected phytocompounds with the different mutant spike proteins were achieved using AutoDock Vina. Out of all combinations investigated, the best binding affinities were observed with 3 variants of SAR-CoV-2 with 5 phytocompounds along with remdesivir. The range of best binding energies varied from -9.1 to -8.0 kcal/mol. Further, MD simulation was done for selected 9 phytocompound-spike mutant complexes for analyzing the stability of interactions for 100 ns. ADMET studies via ProTox-II and SwissADME displayed that phytocompounds are safe and less toxic in comparison to remdesivir.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavika Batra
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Suchetha Srinivasan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | - Chirag N Patel
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Anuradha Sourirajan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kamal Dev
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
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A Comprehensive Review on Anti-Inflammatory Response of Flavonoids in Experimentally-Induced Epileptic Seizures. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010102. [PMID: 36672083 PMCID: PMC9856497 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, a group of natural compounds with phenolic structure, are becoming popular as alternative medicines obtained from plants. These compounds are reported to have various pharmacological properties, including attenuation of inflammatory responses in multiple health issues. Epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system implicated with the activation of the inflammatory cascade in the brain. The aim of the present study was to summarize the role of various neuroinflammatory mediators in the onset and progression of epilepsy, and, thereafter, to discuss the flavonoids and their classes, including their biological properties. Further, we highlighted the modulation of anti-inflammatory responses achieved by these substances in different forms of epilepsy, as evident from preclinical studies executed on multiple epilepsy models. Overall, the review summarizes the available evidence of the anti-inflammatory potential of various flavonoids in epilepsy.
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Deckmann I, Santos-Terra J, Martel F, Vieira Carletti J. Common pregnancy complications and polyphenols intake: an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-34. [PMID: 36597650 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2160960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the body undergoes a great amount of changes in order to support a healthy developing fetus. In this context, maternal dietary supplementation is widely encouraged to provide adequate nutrition for the newborn. In the past few years, studies have emerged highlighting the benefits of polyphenols intake during pregnancy. Indeed, despite differences among reports, such as experimental model, polyphenol employed, dosage and regimen of administration, there is no doubt that the ingestion of these molecules has a protective effect in relation to three pregnancy-associated diseases or conditions: preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and fetal growth restriction. In this review, we describe the effects of different polyphenols and polyphenol-rich extracts or juices on the main outcomes of these common pregnancy-associated complications, obtained in human, animal and in vitro studies. Therefore, this work provides a critical analysis of the literature, and a summary of evidences, from which future research using polyphenols can be designed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iohanna Deckmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Júlio Santos-Terra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaqueline Vieira Carletti
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Ahmed AM, Mahmoud BK, Millán-Aguiñaga N, Abdelmohsen UR, Fouad MA. The endophytic Fusarium strains: a treasure trove of natural products. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1339-1369. [PMID: 36686899 PMCID: PMC9827111 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04126j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity and structural diversity of the secondary metabolites produced by endophytes make them an attractive source of natural products with novel structures that can help in treating life-changing diseases. The genus Fusarium is one of the most abundant endophytic fungal genera, comprising about 70 species characterized by extraordinary discrepancy in terms of genetics and ability to grow on a wide range of substrates, affecting not only their biology and interaction with their surrounding organisms, but also their secondary metabolism. Members of the genus Fusarium are a source of secondary metabolites with structural and chemical diversity and reported to exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. This comprehensive review focuses on the secondary metabolites isolated from different endophytic Fusarium species along with their various biological activities, reported in the period from April 1999 to April 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Mortada Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University 61111 New Minia City Egypt
| | - Basma Khalaf Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University 61519 Minia Egypt +20-86-2369075 +20-86-2347759
| | - Natalie Millán-Aguiñaga
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, Colonia Playitas Ensenada Baja California 22860 Mexico
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University 61111 New Minia City Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University 61519 Minia Egypt +20-86-2369075 +20-86-2347759
| | - Mostafa Ahmed Fouad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University 61519 Minia Egypt +20-86-2369075 +20-86-2347759
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Liu M, Li Z, Ouyang Y, Chen M, Guo X, Mazhar M, Kang J, Zhou H, Wu Q, Yang S. Material basis and integrative pharmacology of danshen decoction in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154503. [PMID: 36332387 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the primary and predominant threats to human health with increasing incidence. Danshen Decoction (DSD) as an adjuvant therapy can benefit CVDs patients by improving clinical efficacy. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the active components and potential pharmacological mechanisms of DSD by combining mass spectrometry with a network pharmacology strategy and to review the use of DSD in the treatment of CVDs. METHOD First, the composition of DSD was analyzed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Second, the network pharmacology method was used to elucidate the underlying material basis and possible pharmacological mechanism of DSD for the treatment of CVDs. Finally, clinical and experimental studies on DSD in the past ten years were retrieved from the PubMed and CNKI database, and the content of these studies was used to summarize the latest progress in DSD treatment of CVDs. OUTCOME A total of 35 compounds were found in DSD by manual identification from the analysis of MS, which may be the material basis for the therapeutic effect of DSD. After taking the intersection of 2086 targets related to CVDs, these 35 compounds are considered to play a role in the treatment of CVDs through 210 targets including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), sarcoma (SRC) and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit (PIK3R), and a total of 168 signaling pathways were involved in the regulation of CVDs by DSD, including PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, Alzheimer disease, and Rap1 signaling pathway. A total of 29 clinical studies using DSD in the treatment of CVDs were included in the literature review, and these studies showed the positive significance of DSD as adjuvant therapy, while 14 experimental studies included in the literature review also demonstrated the effectiveness of DSD in the treatment of CVDs. CONCLUSION DSD plays a role in the treatment of CVDs through a variety of active ingredients. Large-scale clinical research and more in-depth experimental research will help to further reveal the mechanism of DSD in the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, PR China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China; National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Yue Ouyang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Mingtai Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, PR China; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Xin Guo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Maryam Mazhar
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Junli Kang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510000, PR China.
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, PR China.
| | - Sijin Yang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, PR China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China; National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China.
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He P, Wang S, Li S, Liu S, Zhou S, Wang J, Tao J, Wang D, Wang R, Ma W. Structural mechanism of a dual-functional enzyme DgpA/B/C as both a C-glycoside cleaving enzyme and an O- to C-glycoside isomerase. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:246-255. [PMID: 36815035 PMCID: PMC9939296 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-glycosidic bond that connects the sugar moiety with aglycone is difficult to be broken or made due to its inert nature. The knowledge of C-glycoside breakdown and synthesis is very limited. Recently, the enzyme DgpA/B/C cascade from a human intestinal bacterium PUE was identified to specifically cleave the C-glycosidic bond of puerarin (daidzein-8-C-glucoside). Here we investigated how puerarin is recognized and oxidized by DgpA based on crystal structures of DgpA with or without substrate and biochemical characterization. More strikingly, we found that apart from being a C-glycoside cleaving enzyme, DgpA/B/C is capable of efficiently converting O- to C-glycoside showing the activity as a structure isomerase. A possible mechanistic model was proposed dependently of the simulated complex structure of DgpB/C with 3″-oxo-daidzin and structure-based mutagenesis. Our findings not only shed light on understanding the enzyme-mediated C-glycosidic bond breakage and formation, but also may help to facilitate stereospecific C-glycoside synthesis in pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei He
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Sha Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Shuqi Zhou
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jiayue Tao
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | | | - Rufeng Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China,Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 10 53912152.
| | - Wenfu Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China,Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 10 53912152.
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Hu ZY, Yang ZB, Zhang R, Luo XJ, Peng J. The Protective Effect of Vitexin Compound B-1 on Rat Cerebral I/R Injury through a Mechanism Involving Modulation of miR-92b/NOX4 Pathway. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:137-147. [PMID: 35331124 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220324115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have uncovered that vitexin compound B-1 (VB-1) can protect neurons against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced oxidative injury through suppressing NOX4 expression. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to investigate whether VB-1 can protect the rat brain against ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury and whether its effect on NOX4 expression is related to modulation of certain miRNAs expression. METHODS Rats were subjected to 2 h of cerebral ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion to establish an I/R injury model, which showed an increase in neurological deficit score and infarct volume concomitant with an upregulation of NOX4 expression, increase in NOX activity, and downregulation of miR-92b. RESULTS Administration of VB-1 reduced I/R cerebral injury accompanied by a reverse in NOX4 and miR-92b expression. Similar results were achieved in a neuron H/R injury model. Next, we evaluated the association of miR-92b with NOX4 by its mimics in the H/R model. H/R treatment increased neurons apoptosis concomitant with an upregulation of NOX4 and NOX activity while downregulation of miR-92b. All these effects were reversed in the presence of miR-92b mimics, confirming the function of miR-92b in suppressing NOX4 expression. CONCLUSION We conclude the protective effect of VB-1 against rat cerebral I/R injury through a mechanism involving modulation of miR-92b/NOX4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ruxu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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