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Xu Y, Yang M, Yang T, Yang W, Wang Y, Zhang J. Untargeted GC-MS and FT-NIR study of the effect of 14 processing methods on the volatile components of Polygonatum kingianum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1140691. [PMID: 37223798 PMCID: PMC10200983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1140691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Polygonatum kingianum is a traditional medicinal plant, and processing has significantly impacts its quality. Methods Therefore, untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform-near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) were used to analyze the 14 processing methods commonly used in the Chinese market.It is dedicated to analyzing the causes of major volatile metabolite changes and identifying signature volatile components for each processing method. Results The untargeted GC-MS technique identified a total of 333 metabolites. The relative content accounted for sugars (43%), acids (20%), amino acids (18%), nucleotides (6%), and esters (3%). The multiple steaming and roasting samples contained more sugars, nucleotides, esters and flavonoids but fewer amino acids. The sugars are predominantly monosaccharides or small molecular sugars, mainly due to polysaccharides depolymerization. The heat treatment reduces the amino acid content significantly, and the multiple steaming and roasting methods are not conducive to accumulating amino acids. The multiple steaming and roasting samples showed significant differences, as seen from principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on GC-MS and FT-NIR. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) based on FT-NIR can achieve 96.43% identification rate for the processed samples. Discussion This study can provide some references and options for consumers, producers, and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Xu
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Meiquan Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Tianmei Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Weize Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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Raja L, Venkatesan S, Lin MC, Vediappen P. Green synthesis of naphthyl derivative as an optical sensor for the detection of l-carnitine in food samples. LUMINESCENCE 2023; 38:224-231. [PMID: 36602149 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An economical and green approach to the synthesis of naphthyl derivative for detection of l-carnitine (3-hydroxy-4-N-trimethyl-aminobutyrate) is practically important. We developed a naphthyl derivative as a probe showing 'turn-on' response towards l-carnitine selectively at pH 7.2 through ICT mechanism with a good limit of detection (LOD) of 0.126 μM. Using Job's plot for determining the binding stoichiometry, it was found that probe could form a more stable complex (1:1) with carnitine. The binding constant (K) between probe and carnitine was calculated as 8 × 107 M-1 using the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. The binding interaction of the probe with l-carnitine was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance titrations, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, photo physical studies and density functional theory calculations. Meanwhile, the probe can be used to quantitatively detect carnitine in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Raja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Srinivasadesikan Venkatesan
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Sciences and Humanities, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ming-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Padmini Vediappen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
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3
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Selective and sensitive electrochemical detection of doxorubicin via a novel magnesium oxide/carbon dot nanocomposite based sensor. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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You H, Chen B, Fang L, Lin T, Xu P, Chu C, Tong S. Analytical enantioseparation of N-alkyl drugs by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin as mobile phase additive. Chirality 2023; 35:58-66. [PMID: 36345792 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrins (CM-β-CDs) with five kinds of degrees of substitution were synthesized and characterized. Analytical enantioseparation of six basic drugs containing N-alkyl groups, including pheniramine, chlorpheniramine, labetalol, propranolol, venlafaxine, and trans-paroxol, was achieved by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using the synthesized CM-β-CD as chiral mobile phase additives. Key influence factors were optimized, including organic modifier, pH value, CM-β-CD with different degrees of substitution, and concentration of CM-β-CD. The mobile phase was composed of methanol and 10 mmol L-1 of phosphate buffer pH 4.0 containing 10 mmol L-1 of CM-β-CD. Peak resolution for six racemic drugs was gradually increased with an increasing degree of substitution of the synthesized CM-β-CD. The stoichiometric ratio and binding constants for the inclusion complex formed by CM-β-CD and enantiomer were determined, which showed that the stoichiometric ratio for each inclusion complex was 1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo You
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Ben Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Liqun Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Tingting Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Ping Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
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Yamaguchi H, Miyazaki M. Enzyme-immobilized microfluidic devices for biomolecule detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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6
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Greenhalgh S, Hamilton EJ, Macelline SP, Toghyani M, Chrystal PV, Liu SY, Selle PH. Dietary crude protein concentrations and L-carnitine inclusions interactively influence performance parameters of grower broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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7
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Sumina EG, Shtykov SN, Reshetnikova IS, Yurasov NA, Uglanova VZ. Micellar Thin-Layer Chromatography and Preconcentration of L-Carnitine with Magnetite Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822080160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rousta N, Ferreira JA, Taherzadeh MJ. Production of L-carnitine-enriched edible filamentous fungal biomass through submerged cultivation. Bioengineered 2021; 12:358-368. [PMID: 33323030 PMCID: PMC8806343 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1863618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The edible filamentous fungi are hot candidate for future supply of functional food and feed with e.g. protein, essential amino acids, and compounds with immunostimulant activity. L-carnitine that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism represents a functional compound normally produced by Zygomycetes filamentous fungus Rhizopus oligosporus in solid-state fermentation. The present study provides the first insights on production of L-carnitine-enriched edible fungal biomass through submerged cultivation of several Ascomycetes and Zygomycetes including Aspergillus oryzae, Neurospora intermedia, Rhizopus oryzae, and Rhizopus oligosporus. A. oryzae with 3 mg L-carnitine yield per gram of fungal biomass, indicates great potential on production of this bioactive compound which is remarkably higher than the other tested fungi in this work and also previous studies. In addition to fungal strain, other factors such as cultivation time and presence of yeast extract were found to play a role. Further studies on submerged growth optimization of A. oryzae in both high-quality recipes and in medium based on low-value substrates are proposed in order to clarify its potential for production of L-carnitine-enriched fungal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rousta
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Jorge A. Ferreira
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
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Park JM, Koh JH, Kim JM. Determination of L-Carnitine in Infant Powdered Milk Samples after Derivatization. Food Sci Anim Resour 2021; 41:731-738. [PMID: 34291219 PMCID: PMC8277179 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2021.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a novel analytical method using a high-performance liquid
chromatography-fluorescence detector (HPLC/FLD) is developed for rapidly
measuring an L-carnitine ester derivative in infant powdered milk. In this
study, solid-phase extraction cartridges filled with derivatized methanol and
distilled water were used to effectively separate L-carnitine. Protein
precipitation pretreatment was carried out to remove the protein and recover the
analyte extract with a high recovery (97.16%–106.56%),
following which carnitine in the formula was derivatized to its ester form.
Precolumn derivation with 1-aminoanthracene (1AA) was carried out in a phosphate
buffer using 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)
as the catalyst. Method validation was performed following the AOAC guidelines.
The calibration curves were linear in the L-carnitine concentration range of
0.1–2.5 mg/L. The lower limit of quantitation and limit of detection of
L-carnitine were 0.076 and 0.024 mg/L, respectively. The intra- and interday
precision and recovery results were within the allowable limits. The results
showed that our method helped reduce the sample preparation time. It also
afforded higher resolution and better reproducibility than those obtained by
traditional methods. Our method is suitable for detecting the quantity of
L-carnitine in infant powdered milk containing a large amount of protein or
starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Park
- Department of Food Marketing and Safety, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Koh
- Department of Bio-Food Analysis, Bio-Campus, Korea Polytechnic College, Nonsan 32940, Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Food Marketing and Safety, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Daryanavard SM, Zolfaghari H, Abdel-Rehim A, Abdel-Rehim M. Recent applications of microextraction sample preparation techniques in biological samples analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5105. [PMID: 33660303 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of biological samples is affected by interfering substances with chemical properties similar to those of the target analytes, such as drugs. Biological samples such as whole blood, plasma, serum, urine and saliva must be properly processed for separation, purification, enrichment and chemical modification to meet the requirements of the analytical instruments. This causes the sample preparation stage to be of undeniable importance in the analysis of such samples through methods such as microextraction techniques. The scope of this review will cover a comprehensive summary of available literature data on microextraction techniques playing a key role for analytical purposes, methods of their implementation in common biological samples, and finally, the most recent examples of application of microextraction techniques in preconcentration of analytes from urine, blood and saliva samples. The objectives and merits of each microextration technique are carefully described in detail with respect to the nature of the biological samples. This review presents the most recent and innovative work published on microextraction application in common biological samples, mostly focused on original studies reported from 2017 to date. The main sections of this review comprise an introduction to the microextraction techniques supported by recent application studies involving quantitative and qualitative results and summaries of the most significant, recently published applications of microextracion methods in biological samples. This article considers recent applications of several microextraction techniques in the field of sample preparation for biological samples including urine, blood and saliva, with consideration for extraction techniques, sample preparation and instrumental detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hesane Zolfaghari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Abbi Abdel-Rehim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Rehim
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Gill BD, Indyk HE, Kobayashi T, McGrail IJ, Woollard DC. Comparison of LC-MS/MS and Enzymatic Methods for the Determination of Total Choline and Total Carnitine in Infant Formula and Milk Products. J AOAC Int 2020; 103:1293-1300. [PMID: 33241401 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choline and l-carnitine are classified as pseudo-vitamins because of their conditionally essential status. As they are involved in multiple physiological metabolic pathways in the human body, they are routinely fortified in infant and adult nutritional formulas. OBJECTIVE The performance of an LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of choline and carnitine, compared with enzymatic methods in routine use for the analysis of total carnitine and total choline, is described. METHOD Powder samples were reconstituted, with release of carnitine and choline facilitated by both acid and alkaline hydrolysis and the extract analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Quantitation was by internal standard technique using deuterium-labeled carnitine and deuterium-labeled choline. RESULTS Method range, specificity, sensitivity, precision, recovery, accuracy, and ruggedness were assessed for milk powders, infant formulas, and soy- and milk-based nutritional products. Spike recoveries of 94.0-108.4% were obtained for both total carnitine and choline, and no statistical bias (α = 0.05) between measured results and certified values (choline: P = 0.36; free carnitine: P = 0.67) was found for NIST 1849a certified reference material (NIST1849a). Precision, as repeatability relative standard deviation (RSD), was 2.0% RSDr for total carnitine and 1.7% RSDr for total choline. Equivalent results for total choline and total carnitine were obtained by LC-MS/MS and enzymatic methods (n = 30). CONCLUSIONS The described LC-MS/MS method is fit for purpose for routine product compliance release testing environments. This validation study has confirmed that alternative enzymatic assays can be used with confidence in laboratories in which LC-MS/MS platforms are unavailable. HIGHLIGHTS An LC-MS/MS method was evaluated and found to be fit-for-purpose for routine product compliance release testing of infant formula. The LC-MS/MS method was compared with enzymatic methods for the analysis of total carnitine and total choline. Alternative enzymatic assays can be used with confidence in laboratories in which LC-MS/MS platforms are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon D Gill
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd, P.O. Box 7, Waitoa 3380, New Zealand
| | - Harvey E Indyk
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd, P.O. Box 7, Waitoa 3380, New Zealand
| | - Tadashi Kobayashi
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd, P.O. Box 7, Waitoa 3380, New Zealand
| | - Iain J McGrail
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd, P.O. Box 7, Waitoa 3380, New Zealand
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Gao J, Chen L, Wu Q, Li H, Dong S, Qin P, Yang F, Zhao L. Preparation and chromatographic performance of a multifunctional immobilized chiral stationary phase based on dialdehyde microcrystalline cellulose derivatives. Chirality 2019; 31:669-681. [PMID: 31318106 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) multifunctional immobilized chiral stationary phase was prepared by bonding dialdehyde microcrystalline cellulose to aminosilica via Schiff base reaction and then derivatized with 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate. The HPLC multifunctional immobilized chiral stationary phase could not only achieve chiral separation but also achieve achiral separation. Chiral separation evaluation showed that 1-(1-naphthyl)ethanol and mandelonitrile got separation in normal phase (NP) mode. Ranolazine, benzoin ethyl ether, metalaxyl, and diclofop were successfully separated in reversed phase (RP) mode. Aromatic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), anilines, and aromatic acids were selected as analytes to investigate the achiral separation performance of the multifunctional immobilized chiral stationary phase in NP and RP modes. The achiral separation evaluation showed that six PAHs could get good separation within 10 minutes in NP mode. Four aromatic acids were well separated in RP mode. The retention mechanism of aromatic compounds on the stationary phase was discussed, founding that π-π interaction, π-π electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) interaction, and hydrogen bonding interaction played important roles during the achiral separation process. This multifunctional immobilized chiral stationary phase had the advantages of simple bonding steps, short reaction time, and no need for space arm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuqing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Abd El-Rahman MK, Mazzone G, Mahmoud AM, Sicilia E, Shoeib T. Spectrophotometric determination of choline in pharmaceutical formulations via host-guest complexation with a biomimetic calixarene receptor. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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14
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Yang J, Tan X, Zhao Y. Chiral recognition of the carnitine enantiomers using rhodamine B as a resonance Rayleigh scattering probe. Chirality 2018; 30:1173-1181. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Yang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Three Gorges University; Chongqing People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanping Tan
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Three Gorges University; Chongqing People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Three Gorges University; Chongqing People's Republic of China
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Andrianova MS, Kuznetsov EV, Grudtsov VP, Kuznetsov AE. CMOS-compatible biosensor for L-carnitine detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 119:48-54. [PMID: 30098466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A CMOS-compatible ISFET with a Ta2O5 sensitive surface was developed. The structure was optimized for achieving high sensitivity using a subthreshold operation mode and by reducing the influence of the capacitances on the value of subthreshold swing. The developed ISFET was used as a basis for a biosensor for L-carnitine detection. To this end, carnitine acetyltransferase was immobilized on the ISFET sensitive surface. The immobilized enzyme was active (0.082 U/g model plate). The complete microsystem, consisting of a packaged chip, an immobilized enzyme and a microfluidic channel, detected L-carnitine at a range of 0.2-100 μM with a LOD of 0.2 μM. The biosensor response was linear in the range of 0.2-50 μM of L-carnitine with sensitivity 18.0 ± 1.7 mV/μM. An experiment with artificial urine containing 1.3 μM L-carnitine showed that the proposed biosensor could be used on a real sample. Therefore, a new sensor specially optimized for biosensing CMOS-compatible ISFET structures and direct determination of L-carnitine with immobilized carnitine acetyltransferase was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Andrianova
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E V Kuznetsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Grudtsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
| | - A E Kuznetsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 124498, Shokina square, h. 1, bld. 7, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
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Tang X, Li X, Sun Y, Xiao Y, Wang Y. Thiol-ene click derived structurally well-defined per(3,5-dimethyl)phenylcarbamoylated cationic cyclodextrin separation material for achiral and chiral chromatography. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2710-2718. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Yuwei Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
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18
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Yao Y, Song P, Wen X, Deng M, Wang J, Guo X. Chiral separation of 12 pairs of enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis using heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanism by computational methods. J Sep Sci 2018; 40:2999-3007. [PMID: 28544353 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chiral separation of 12 pairs of basic analyte enantiomers including oxybutynin, bambuterol, tradinterol, clenbuterol, clorprenaline, terbutaline, tulobuterol, citalopram, phencynonate, fexofenadine, salbutamol, and penehyclidine was conducted by capillary electrophoresis using a single-isomer anionic β-cyclodextrin derivative, heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector. Parameters influencing separation were studied, including background electrolyte pH, heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin concentration, buffer concentration, and separation voltage. A background electrolyte consisting of 50 mM Tris-H3 PO4 and 6 mM heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin at pH 2.5 was found to be highly efficient for the separation of most enantiomers, with other conditions of normal polarity mode at 10 kV, detection wavelength of 210 nm using hydrodynamic injection for 3 s. Under the optimal conditions, baseline resolution (>1.50) for 11 pairs of enantiomers and somewhat lower resolution for penehyclidine enantiomers (1.17) were generated. Moreover, the possible mechanism of separation of clenbuterol, oxybutynin, salbutamol, and penehyclidine was investigated using a computational modeling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Peilu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Miaoduo Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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19
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Tseng YT, Chang HY, Harroun SG, Wu CW, Wei SC, Yuan Z, Chou HL, Chen CH, Huang CC, Chang HT. Self-Assembled Chiral Gold Supramolecules with Efficient Laser Absorption for Enantiospecific Recognition of Carnitine. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7283-7291. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Scott G. Harroun
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Chien-Wei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhiqin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hung-Lung Chou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Chen
- Nanoelectrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
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20
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Dehdari Vais R, Yadegari H, Sattarahmady N, Heli H. An anodized nanostructure of Ni/Cu alloy synthesized in ethaline for electrocatalytic oxidation and amperometric determination of l-carnitine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Yang F, Kong N, Conlan XA, Wang H, Barrow CJ, Yan F, Guo J, Yang W. Electrochemical Evidences of Chiral Molecule Recognition Using L/D-Cysteine Modified Gold Electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Hu X, Guo X, Sun S, Zhu B, Yu J, Guo X. Enantioseparation of nine indanone and tetralone derivatives by HPLC using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin as the mobile phase additive. Chirality 2016; 29:38-47. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Sun
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
| | - Bolin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
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23
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Wang H, Xie S. Identification ofl-carnitine and its impurities in food supplement formulations by online column-switching liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:431-441. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Center; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Sijun Xie
- Instrumental Analysis Center; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P.R. China
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24
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Isaguirre AC, Acosta G, Cerutti S, Fernandez LP. New flow injection method for quality control of dietary supplements containing l-carnitine using extraction mediated by sodium taurodeoxycholate coacervate coupled to molecular fluorescence. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Liu J, Wang Y, Wu S, Zhang P, Zhu Y. Preparation of poly(glycidylmethacrylate-divinylbenzene) weak acid cation exchange stationary phases with succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and maleic anhydride for ion chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2970-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Xixi Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Forensic Science and Technology of Nanjing Public Security Bureau; Nanjing China
| | - Shuchao Wu
- Zhejiang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources; Hangzhou China
| | - Peimin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xixi Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Xixi Campus; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
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26
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Tavares APM, Ferreira NS, Truta LAANA, Sales MGF. Conductive Paper with Antibody-Like Film for Electrical Readings of Biomolecules. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26132. [PMID: 27210055 PMCID: PMC4876510 DOI: 10.1038/srep26132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports a novel way of producing an inexpensive substrate support to assemble a sensing film, designed for the electrical transduction of an intended biomolecule. The support uses cellulose paper as substrate, made hydrophobic with solid wax and covered by a home-made conductive ink having graphite as core material. The hydrophobicity of the paper was confirmed by contact angle measurements and the conductive ink composition was optimized with regard to its adhesion, conductivity, and thermal stability. This support was further modified targeting its application in quantitative analysis. Carnitine (CRT) was selected as target compound, a cancer biomarker. The recognition material consisted of an antibody-like receptor film for CRT, tailored on the support and prepared by electrically-sustained polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) or dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of the polymeric film on the support, and the performance of the devices was extensively evaluated with regard to linear response ranges, selectivity, applicability, and reusability. Overall, the paper-based sensors offer simplicity of fabrication, low cost and excellent reusability features. The design could also be extended to other applications in electrical-based approaches to be used in point-of-care (POC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. M. Tavares
- BioMark-CINTESIS/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
| | - Nádia S. Ferreira
- BioMark-CINTESIS/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - M. Goreti F. Sales
- BioMark-CINTESIS/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
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27
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Yao X, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Ma X, Xiao Y, Wang Y. Engineering Thiol–Ene Click Chemistry for the Fabrication of Novel Structurally Well-Defined Multifunctional Cyclodextrin Separation Materials for Enhanced Enantioseparation. Anal Chem 2016; 88:4955-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Yao
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | | | - Yang Zhang
- Weifang Teda Environmental
Protection Equipment Co., Ltd., Weifang 262100, China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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28
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Li W, Zhang R, Guo J, Shao H, Yang X. Protective effect of R. glutinosa oligosaccharides against high l-carnitine diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and hepatic injury in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 85:285-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Poinsot V, Ong-Meang V, Gavard P, Couderc F. Recent advances in amino acid analysis by capillary electromigration methods, 2013-2015. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:142-61. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Véréna Poinsot
- Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire des IMRCP; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - Varravaddheay Ong-Meang
- Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire des IMRCP; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - Pierre Gavard
- Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire des IMRCP; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - François Couderc
- Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire des IMRCP; Toulouse Cedex France
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30
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Acunha T, Ibáñez C, García-Cañas V, Simó C, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:111-41. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanize Acunha
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
- CAPES Foundation; Ministry of Education of Brazil; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Clara Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
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31
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Zhai H, Yuan K, Yu X, Chen Z, Liu Z, Su Z. A simple and compact fluorescence detection system for capillary electrophoresis and its application to food analysis. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:2509-15. [PMID: 26109527 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorescence detection system for CE was described and evaluated. Two miniature laser pointers were used as the excitation source. A Y-style optical fiber was used to transmit the excitation light and a four-branch optical fiber was used to collect the fluorescence. The optical fiber and optical filter were imported into a photomultiplier tube without any extra fixing device. A simplified PDMS detection cell was designed with guide channels through which the optical fibers were easily aligned to the detection window of separation capillary. According to different requirements, laser pointers and different filters were selected by simple switching and replacement. The fluorescence from four different directions was collected at the same detecting point. Thus, the sensitivity was enhanced without peak broadening. The fluorescence detection system was simple, compact, low-cost, and highly sensitive, with its functionality demonstrated by the separation and determination of red dyes and fluorescent whitening agents. The detection limit of rhodamine 6G was 7.7 nM (S/N = 3). The system was further applied to determine illegal food dyes. The CE system is potentially eligible for food safety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Zhai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaisong Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Su
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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32
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Truta LA, Ferreira NS, Sales MGF. Graphene-based biomimetic materials targeting urine metabolite as potential cancer biomarker: application over different conductive materials for potentiometric transduction. Electrochim Acta 2014; 150:99-107. [PMID: 26456975 PMCID: PMC4597333 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This works presents a novel surface Smart Polymer Antibody Material (SPAM) for Carnitine (CRT, a potential biomarker of ovarian cancer), tested for the first time as ionophore in potentiometric electrodes of unconventional configuration. The SPAM material consisted of a 3D polymeric network created by surface imprinting on graphene layers. The polymer was obtained by radical polymerization of (vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride and 4-styrenesulfonic acid (signaling the binding sites), and vinyl pivalate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (surroundings). Non-imprinted material (NIM) was prepared as control, by excluding the template from the procedure. These materials were then used to produce several plasticized PVC membranes, testing the relevance of including the SPAM as ionophore, and the need for a charged lipophilic additive. The membranes were casted over solid conductive supports of graphite or ITO/FTO. The effect of pH upon the potentiometric response was evaluated for different pHs (2-9) with different buffer compositions. Overall, the best performance was achieved for membranes with SPAM ionophore, having a cationic lipophilic additive and tested in HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) buffer, pH 5.1. Better slopes were achieved when the membrane was casted on conductive glass (-57.4mV/decade), while the best detection limits were obtained for graphite-based conductive supports (3.6×10-5mol/L). Good selectivity was observed against BSA, ascorbic acid, glucose, creatinine and urea, tested for concentrations up to their normal physiologic levels in urine. The application of the devices to the analysis of spiked samples showed recoveries ranging from 91% (± 6.8%) to 118% (± 11.2%). Overall, the combination of the SPAM sensory material with a suitable selective membrane composition and electrode design has lead to a promising tool for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana A.A.N.A. Truta
- BioMark, Sensor Reasearch/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
| | - Nádia S. Ferreira
- BioMark, Sensor Reasearch/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Goreti F. Sales
- BioMark, Sensor Reasearch/ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
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33
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Liu J, Chan W. Quantification of Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid in Toxicant-Exposed Cells by Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals an Intrinsic Antagonistic Response to Oxidative Stress-Induced Toxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 28:394-400. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500342w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Environmental Science Programs and ‡Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Environmental Science Programs and ‡Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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34
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Khoshkam R, Afshar M. Validation of a Stability-Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Determination of l-Carnitine in Tablets. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:481059. [PMID: 27379281 PMCID: PMC4897466 DOI: 10.1155/2014/481059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for determination of l-carnitine in tablets. The separation was based on a C18 analytical column using a mobile phase which consisted of 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH = 3): ethanol (99 : 1), including 0.56 mg/mL of sodium 1-heptanesulfonate. Column temperature was set at 50°C and quantitation was achieved by UV detection at 225 nm. In forced degradation studies, the drug was subjected to oxidation, hydrolysis, photolysis, and heat. Among the different stress conditions, the exposure to acidic and basic conditions was found to be an important adverse stability factor. The method was validated for specificity, selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. The applied procedure was found to be linear in l-carnitine concentration range of 84.74-3389.50 µg/mL (r (2) = 0.9997). Precision was evaluated by replicate analysis in which relative standard deviation (RSD) values for areas were found below 2.0%. The recoveries obtained (100.83%-101.54%) ensured the accuracy of the developed method. The expanded uncertainty (3.14%) of the method was also estimated from method validation data. Accordingly, the proposed validated and rapid procedure was proved to be suitable for routine analyzing and stability studies of l-carnitine in tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghaieh Khoshkam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran 193956466, Iran
| | - Minoo Afshar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran 193956466, Iran
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35
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Cuartero M, Pérez S, García MS, Ortuño JA. Ion-selective electrodes for the determination of l-carnitine. Application in dissolution testing of a dietary supplement. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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