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Bahlool AZ, Cavanagh B, Sullivan AO, MacLoughlin R, Keane J, Sullivan MPO, Cryan SA. Microfluidics produced ATRA-loaded PLGA NPs reduced tuberculosis burden in alveolar epithelial cells and enabled high delivered dose under simulated human breathing pattern in 3D printed head models. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 196:106734. [PMID: 38417586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is second only to COVID-19 as the top infectious disease killer worldwide. Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) may arise because of poor patient adherence to medications due to lengthy treatment duration and side effects. Delivering novel host directed therapies (HDT), like all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) may help to improve drug regimens and reduce the incidence of MDR-TB. Local delivery of ATRA to the site of infection leads to higher bioavailability and reduced systemic side effects. ATRA is poorly soluble in water and has a short half-life in plasma. Therefore, it requires a formulation step before it can be administered in vivo. ATRA loaded PLGA nanoparticles suitable for nebulization were manufactured and optimized using a scalable nanomanufacturing microfluidics (MF) mixing approach (MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs). MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs demonstrated a dose dependent inhibition of Mtb growth in TB-infected A549 alveolar epithelial cell model while preserving cell viability. The MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs were nebulized with the Aerogen Solo vibrating mesh nebulizer, with aerosol droplet size characterized using laser diffraction and the estimated delivered dose was determined. The volume median diameter (VMD) of the MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs was 3.00 ± 0.18 μm. The inhaled dose delivered in adult and paediatric 3D printed head models under a simulated normal adult and paediatric breathing pattern was found to be 47.05 ± 3 % and 20.15 ± 3.46 % respectively. These aerosol characteristics of MF-ATRA-PLGA NPs supports its suitability for delivery to the lungs via inhalation. The data generated on the efficacy of an inhalable, scalable and regulatory friendly ATRA-PLGA NPs formulation provides a foundation on which further pre-clinical testing can be built. Overall, the results of this project are promising for future research into ATRA loaded NPs formulations as inhaled host directed therapies for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z Bahlool
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Brenton Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew O' Sullivan
- Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Ltd, Galway Business Park, Dangan, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland; Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Ltd, Galway Business Park, Dangan, Galway, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joseph Keane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Mary P O' Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin, Ireland; SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), NUIG & RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.
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Waheed I, Ali A, Tabassum H, Khatoon N, Lai WF, Zhou X. Lipid-based nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1296091. [PMID: 38660132 PMCID: PMC11040677 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1296091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a severe disease that results in death in all countries of the world. A nano-based drug delivery approach is the best alternative, directly targeting cancer tumor cells with improved drug cellular uptake. Different types of nanoparticle-based drug carriers are advanced for the treatment of cancer, and to increase the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of cancer therapy, many substances have been looked into as drug carriers. Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) have significantly attracted interest recently. These natural biomolecules that alternate to other polymers are frequently recycled in medicine due to their amphipathic properties. Lipid nanoparticles typically provide a variety of benefits, including biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review covers different classes of LBNPs, including their characterization and different synthesis technologies. This review discusses the most significant advancements in lipid nanoparticle technology and their use in medicine administration. Moreover, the review also emphasized the applications of lipid nanoparticles that are used in different cancer treatment types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtesam Waheed
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biochemical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Huma Tabassum
- Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Narjis Khatoon
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wing-Fu Lai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Kouhjani M, Jaafari MR, Kamali H, Abbasi A, Tafaghodi M, Mousavi Shaegh SA. Microfluidic-assisted preparation of PLGA nanoparticles loaded with insulin: a comparison with double emulsion solvent evaporation method. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:306-329. [PMID: 38100556 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2287247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) is an ideal polymer for the delivery of small and macromolecule drugs. Conventional preparation methods of PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) result in poor control over NPs properties. In this research, a microfluidic mixer was designed to produce insulin-loaded PLGA NPs with tuned properties. Importantly; aggregation of the NPs through the mixer was diminished due to the coaxial mixing of the precursors. The micromixer allowed for the production of NPs with small size and narrow size distribution compared to the double emulsion solvent evaporation (DESE) method. Furthermore, encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity indicated a significant increase in optimized NPs produced through the microfluidic method in comparison to DESE method. NPs prepared by the microfluidic method were able to achieve a more reduction of trans-epithelial electrical resistance values in the Caco-2 cells compared to those developed by the DESE technique that leads to greater paracellular permeation. Compatibility and interaction between components were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and fourier transform infrared analysis. Also, the effect of NPs on cell toxicity was investigated using MTT test. Numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the effect of mixing patterns on the properties of the NPs. It was revealed that by decreasing flow rate ratio, i.e. flow rate of the organic phase to the flow rate of the aqueous phase, mixing of the two streams increases. As an alternative to the DESE method, high flexibility in modulating hydrodynamic conditions of the microfluidic mixer allowed for nanoassembly of NPs with superior insulin encapsulation at smaller particle sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kouhjani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Kamali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abbasi
- Laboratory of Microfluidics and Medical Microsystems, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Orthopedic Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Nanotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi Shaegh
- Laboratory of Microfluidics and Medical Microsystems, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Orthopedic Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Clinical Research Unit, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Castillo Henríquez L, Bahloul B, Alhareth K, Oyoun F, Frejková M, Kostka L, Etrych T, Kalshoven L, Guillaume A, Mignet N, Corvis Y. Step-By-Step Standardization of the Bottom-Up Semi-Automated Nanocrystallization of Pharmaceuticals: A Quality By Design and Design of Experiments Joint Approach. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2306054. [PMID: 38299478 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Nanosized drug crystals have been reported with enhanced apparent solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy compared to microcrystal materials, which are not suitable for parenteral administration. However, nanocrystal design and development by bottom-up approaches are challenging, especially considering the non-standardized process parameters in the injection step. This work aims to present a systematic step-by-step approach through Quality-by-Design (QbD) and Design of Experiments (DoE) for synthesizing drug nanocrystals by a semi-automated nanoprecipitation method. Curcumin is used as a drug model due to its well-known poor water solubility (0.6 µg mL-1 , 25 °C). Formal and informal risk assessment tools allow identifying the critical factors. A fractional factorial 24-1 screening design evaluates their impact on the average size and polydispersity of nanocrystals. The optimization of significant factors is done by a Central Composite Design. This response surface methodology supports the rational design of the nanocrystals, identifying and exploring the design space. The proposed joint approach leads to a reproducible, robust, and stable nanocrystalline preparation of 316 nm with a PdI of 0.217 in compliance with the quality profile. An orthogonal approach for particle size and polydispersity characterization allows discarding the formation of aggregates. Overall, the synergy between advanced data analysis and semi-automated standardized nanocrystallization of drugs is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Castillo Henríquez
- CNRS, INSERM, Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Badr Bahloul
- Drug Development Laboratory LR12ES09, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5060, Tunisia
| | - Khair Alhareth
- CNRS, INSERM, Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Feras Oyoun
- CNRS, INSERM, Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Markéta Frejková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, Prague, CZ-162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kostka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, Prague, CZ-162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, Prague, CZ-162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Luc Kalshoven
- EuroAPI France, Particle Engineering and Sizing Department, Vertolaye, F-63480, France
| | - Alain Guillaume
- EuroAPI France, Particle Engineering and Sizing Department, Vertolaye, F-63480, France
| | - Nathalie Mignet
- CNRS, INSERM, Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Yohann Corvis
- CNRS, INSERM, Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, Paris, F-75006, France
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Guo Y, Li X, Macgregor RB, Yan H, Zhang RX. Microfluidics-based PLGA nanoparticles of ratiometric multidrug: From encapsulation and release rates to cytotoxicity in human lens epithelial cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18318. [PMID: 37519652 PMCID: PMC10372405 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug nanomedicine is an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of chronic diseases and cancers. However, co-encapsulation and release of drug combination at a fixed ratio by nanoparticles, particularly for long acting ocular formulations, remains challenging. Herein, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles ratiometrically co-encapsulating hydrophilic dual drugs, mitomycin C and doxorubicin, was obtained (D/M PLGANPs) by combining microfluidics and the Design of Experiments approaches. The formulation variable of lactide-to-glycolide ratios (L/G 50:50, 75:15 and 85:15) was used to achieve fast, medium and slow drug release rates of D/M PLGANPs. The dissolution of D/M PLGANPs in simulated intraocular fluid exhibited sustained release of dual drugs at the fixed ratio over 7 days, and analysis using the Korsmeyer-Peppas model showed mechanism of drug release to be governed by diffusion. More importantly, in human lens epithelial cells, the drug release rate was negatively correlated with drug potency. The slower drug release from D/M PLGANPs led to lower efficacy of drug combination against pathogenesis of cellular migration and proliferation, the key pathogenic processes of capsular opacification after cataract surgery. Compared to fast (L/G 50:50) and medium (L/G 75:15) drug release rate of D/M PLGANPs, the slow release formulation (L/G 85:15) exhibited the least cellular uptake of the dual drugs and the ratio of drug combination was not maintained intracellularly. The present study implicates the potential of using microfluidics for synthesizing polymeric nanoparticles of ratiometric drug combination and highlights the drug release rate as the critical determinant of efficacy for the long-acting nanomedicine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexuan Guo
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, 21 Jiefang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Robert B. Macgregor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Hong Yan
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China
- Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, 21 Jiefang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Rui Xue Zhang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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Caballero-Florán IH, Cortés H, Borbolla-Jiménez FV, Florán-Hernández CD, Del Prado-Audelo ML, Magaña JJ, Florán B, Leyva-Gómez G. PEG 400:Trehalose Coating Enhances Curcumin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticle Internalization in Neuronal Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1594. [PMID: 37376043 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work proposes a combination of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) and trehalose as a surface modification approach to enhance PLGA-based nanoparticles as a drug carrier for neurons. PEG improves nanoparticles' hydrophilicity, and trehalose enhances the nanoparticle's cellular internalization by inducing a more auspicious microenvironment based on inhibiting cell surface receptor denaturation. To optimize the nanoprecipitation process, a central composite design was performed; nanoparticles were adsorbed with PEG and trehalose. PLGA nanoparticles with diameters smaller than 200 nm were produced, and the coating process did not considerably increase their size. Nanoparticles entrapped curcumin, and their release profile was determined. The nanoparticles presented a curcumin entrapment efficiency of over 40%, and coated nanoparticles reached 60% of curcumin release in two weeks. MTT tests and curcumin fluorescence, with confocal imaging, were used to assess nanoparticle cytotoxicity and cell internalization in SH-SY5Y cells. Free curcumin 80 µM depleted the cell survival to 13% at 72 h. Contrariwise, PEG:Trehalose-coated curcumin-loaded and non-loaded nanoparticles preserved cell survival at 76% and 79% under the same conditions, respectively. Cells incubated with 100 µM curcumin or curcumin nanoparticles for 1 h exhibited 13.4% and 14.84% of curcumin's fluorescence, respectively. Moreover, cells exposed to 100 µM curcumin in PEG:Trehalose-coated nanoparticles for 1 h presented 28% fluorescence. In conclusion, PEG:Trehalose-adsorbed nanoparticles smaller than 200 nm exhibited suitable neural cytotoxicity and increased cell internalization proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac H Caballero-Florán
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior S/N, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
| | - Fabiola V Borbolla-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
| | - Carla D Florán-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica & Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - María L Del Prado-Audelo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Ciudad de México 14380, Mexico
| | - Jonathan J Magaña
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Ciudad de México 14380, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica & Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior S/N, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Characterization of drug-loaded alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte nanoparticles synthesized by microfluidics. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-023-03468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Alsaab HO, Alharbi FD, Alhibs AS, Alanazi NB, Alshehri BY, Saleh MA, Alshehri FS, Algarni MA, Almugaiteeb T, Uddin MN, Alzhrani RM. PLGA-Based Nanomedicine: History of Advancement and Development in Clinical Applications of Multiple Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122728. [PMID: 36559223 PMCID: PMC9786338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the use of biodegradable polymers for drug delivery has been ongoing since they were first used as bioresorbable surgical devices in the 1980s. For tissue engineering and drug delivery, biodegradable polymer poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) has shown enormous promise among all biomaterials. PLGA are a family of FDA-approved biodegradable polymers that are physically strong and highly biocompatible and have been extensively studied as delivery vehicles of drugs, proteins, and macromolecules such as DNA and RNA. PLGA has a wide range of erosion times and mechanical properties that can be modified. Many innovative platforms have been widely studied and created for the development of methods for the controlled delivery of PLGA. In this paper, the various manufacturing processes and characteristics that impact their breakdown and drug release are explored in depth. Besides different PLGA-based nanoparticles, preclinical and clinical applications for different diseases and the PLGA platform types and their scale-up issues will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem O. Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-556047523
| | - Fatima D. Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud S. Alhibs
- Department of Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf B. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Y. Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa A. Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Fahad S. Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed A. Algarni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Almugaiteeb
- Taqnia-Research Products Development Company, Riyadh 13244, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rami M. Alzhrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Chiesa E, Bellotti M, Caimi A, Conti B, Dorati R, Conti M, Genta I, Auricchio F. Development and optimization of microfluidic assisted manufacturing process to produce PLGA nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Haider T, Soni V. “Response surface methodology and artificial neural network-based modeling and optimization of phosphatidylserine targeted nanocarriers for effective treatment of cancer: In vitro and in silico studies”. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery System Targeting Lymph Nodes. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071372. [PMID: 35890268 PMCID: PMC9325242 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays an indispensable role in humoral balance, lipid metabolism, and immune regulation. The lymph nodes (LNs) are known as the primary sites of tumor metastasis and the metastatic LNs largely affected the prognosis of the patiens. A well-designed lymphatic-targeted system favors disease treatment as well as vaccination efficacy. In recent years, development of nanotechnologies and emerging biomaterials have gained increasing attention in developing lymph-node-targeted drug-delivery systems. By mimicking the endogenous macromolecules or lipid conjugates, lymph-node-targeted nanocarries hold potential for disease diagnosis and tumor therapy. This review gives an introduction to the physiological functions of LNs and the roles of LNs in diseases, followed by a review of typical lymph-node-targeted nanomaterial-based drug-delivery systems (e.g., liposomes, micelles, inorganic nanomaterials, hydrogel, and nanocapsules). Future perspectives and conclusions concerned with lymph-node-targeted drug-delivery systems are also provided.
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Bhatt K, Patil P, Jani P, Thakkar P, Sawant K. Design and evaluation of hyaluronic acid-coated PLGA nanoparticles of raloxifene hydrochloride for treatment of breast cancer. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:2013-2024. [PMID: 35686735 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2088784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In the present study, hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated raloxifene-loaded poly(l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have been developed to improve the anticancer potential and reduce side effects associated with the drug. AIM AND OBJECTIVES The investigation was aimed to formulate and optimize raloxifene hydrochloride (RALH)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with surface modification using HA as a targeting moiety. To perform physicochemical characterization, in vitro cytotoxicity study (using MCF-7), in vitro drug release study and in vivo pharmacodynamic study of optimized formulation. METHODOLOGY Raloxifene hydrochloride-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique, followed by surface modification with HA. Formulation was optimized by using 23 factorial design and characterized by physicochemical, in vitro drug release, in vitro cytotoxicity studies, and in vivo pharmacokinetics. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The particle size, PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and loading capacity of spherically shaped RALH-loaded nanoparticles were 207.3 ± 4.2 d.nm, 0.218 ± 0.127, -.127 mV, 43.75 ± 1.2%, and 7.55 ± 1.14%, respectively. The in vitro drug release showed sustained release and followed Korsmeyer-Peppas model with non-Fickian release pattern. The in vitro cytotoxicity study of drug-loaded NPs by MTT assay on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell showed anti-cancer activity after 48 h of treatment. CONCLUSION The results of the present investigation suggested that RALH-loaded HA-modified PLGA nanoparticles showed sustained drug release with anticancer activity and can be a promising approach for treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajol Bhatt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Pravin Patil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Parva Jani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Parth Thakkar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Krutika Sawant
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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13
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Maged A, Abdelbaset R, Mahmoud AA, Elkasabgy NA. Merits and advances of microfluidics in the pharmaceutical field: design technologies and future prospects. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1549-1570. [PMID: 35612293 PMCID: PMC9154770 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2069878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is used to manipulate fluid flow in micro-channels to fabricate drug delivery vesicles in a uniform tunable size. Thanks to their designs, microfluidic technology provides an alternative and versatile platform over traditional formulation methods of nanoparticles. Understanding the factors that affect the formulation of nanoparticles can guide the proper selection of microfluidic design and the operating parameters aiming at producing nanoparticles with reproducible properties. This review introduces the microfluidic systems' continuous flow (single-phase) and segmented flow (multiphase) and their different mixing parameters and mechanisms. Furthermore, microfluidic approaches for efficient production of nanoparticles as surface modification, anti-fouling, and post-microfluidic treatment are summarized. The review sheds light on the used microfluidic systems and operation parameters applied to prepare and fine-tune nanoparticles like lipid, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticles as well as cross-linked nanoparticles. The approaches for scale-up production using microfluidics for clinical or industrial use are also highlighted. Furthermore, the use of microfluidics in preparing novel micro/nanofluidic drug delivery systems is presented. In conclusion, the characteristic vital features of microfluidics offer the ability to develop precise and efficient drug delivery nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Maged
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Factory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda Abdelbaset
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Heredia NS, Vizuete K, Flores-Calero M, Pazmiño V. K, Pilaquinga F, Kumar B, Debut A. Comparative statistical analysis of the release kinetics models for nanoprecipitated drug delivery systems based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264825. [PMID: 35271644 PMCID: PMC8912140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) is one of the most used polymers for drug delivery systems (DDSs). It shows excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and allows spatio-temporal control of the release of a drug by altering its chemistry. In spite of this, few formulations have reached the market. To characterize and optimize the drug release process, mathematical models offer a good alternative as they allow interpreting and predicting experimental findings, saving time and money. However, there is no general model that describes all types of drug release of polymeric DDSs. This study aims to perform a statistical comparison of several mathematical models commonly used in order to find which of them best describes the drug release profile from PLGA particles synthesized by nanoprecipitation method. For this purpose, 40 datasets extracted from scientific articles published since 2016 were collected. Each set was fitted by the models: order zero to fifth order polynomials, Korsmeyer-Peppas, Weibull and Hyperbolic Tangent Function. Some data sets had few observations that do not allow to apply statistic test, thus bootstrap resampling technique was performed. Statistic evidence showed that Hyperbolic Tangent Function model is the one that best fit most of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly S. Heredia
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Karla Vizuete
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CENCINAT, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- * E-mail:
| | - Marco Flores-Calero
- Departamento de Eléctrica, Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Katherine Pazmiño V.
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CENCINAT, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Fernanda Pilaquinga
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Brajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, TATA College, Chaibasa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alexis Debut
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CENCINAT, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
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15
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Hwang J, Mros S, Gamble AB, Tyndall JDA, McDowell A. Improving Antibacterial Activity of a HtrA Protease Inhibitor JO146 against Helicobacter pylori: A Novel Approach Using Microfluidics-Engineered PLGA Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020348. [PMID: 35214080 PMCID: PMC8875321 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising strategy for overcoming limitations of antimicrobial drugs such as stability, bioavailability, and insufficient exposure to the hard-to-reach bacterial drug targets. Although size is a vital colloidal feature of nanoparticles that governs biological interactions, the absence of well-defined size control technology has hampered the investigation of optimal nanoparticle size for targeting bacterial cells. Previously, we identified a lead antichlamydial compound JO146 against the high temperature requirement A (HtrA) protease, a promising antibacterial target involved in protein quality control and virulence. Here, we reveal that JO146 was active against Helicobacter pylori with a minimum bactericidal concentration of 18.8–75.2 µg/mL. Microfluidic technology using a design of experiments approach was utilized to formulate JO146-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles and explore the effect of the nanoparticle size on drug delivery. JO146-loaded nanoparticles of three different sizes (90, 150, and 220 nm) were formulated with uniform particle size distribution and drug encapsulation efficiency of up to 25%. In in vitro microdilution inhibition assays, 90 nm nanoparticles improved the minimum bactericidal concentration of JO146 two-fold against H. pylori compared to the free drug alone, highlighting that controlled engineering of nanoparticle size is important in drug delivery optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Hwang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (J.H.); (A.B.G.); (J.D.A.T.)
| | - Sonya Mros
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Allan B. Gamble
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (J.H.); (A.B.G.); (J.D.A.T.)
| | - Joel D. A. Tyndall
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (J.H.); (A.B.G.); (J.D.A.T.)
| | - Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (J.H.); (A.B.G.); (J.D.A.T.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Cruz-Acuña M, Kakwere H, Lewis JS. The roadmap to micro: Generation of micron-sized polymeric particles using a commercial microfluidic system. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1121-1133. [PMID: 35073454 PMCID: PMC8934288 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic-assisted particle fabrication provides a route to circumvent the disadvantages associated with traditional methods of polymeric particle generation, such as low drug loading efficiency, challenges in controlling encapsulated drug release rates, batch-to-batch variability in particle physical properties and formulation instability. However, this approach primarily produces particles with nanometer size dimensions, which limits drug delivery modalities. Herein, we systematically studied parameters for the generation of micron-sized poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) particles using a microfluidic system, the NanoAssemblr benchtop. Initially, we used two organic solvents that have been reported suitable for the fabrication of PLGA nanoparticles - acetone and acetonitrile. Subsequently, we methodically manipulated polymer concentration, organic: aqueous flow rate ratios, total flow rate, organic phase composition, and surfactant concentration to develop a route for the fabrication of micron-sized PLGA particles. Further, we incorporated hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a clinically approved drug for malaria and lymphoma, and measured how its incorporation impacted particle physicochemical properties. Briefly, altering the organic phase composition by including ethyl acetate (less polar solvent), resulted in micron-scale particles, as well as increased polydispersity indexes (PDIs). Adjusting the surfactant concentration of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) after the addition of these solvent mixtures rendered large particles with lower PDI variability. Moreover, encapsulation of HCQ influenced particle hydrodynamic diameter and PDI in a PVA concentration dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that unloaded and HCQ-loaded microparticles did not affect the viability of RAW 264.7 macrophages. This study provides an itinerary for fabricating biocompatible, drug-loaded, micron-sized polymeric particles, particularly when the drug of interest is not readily soluble in conventional organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Cruz-Acuña
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Hamilton Kakwere
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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17
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Puri V, Chaudhary KR, Singh A, Singh C. Inhalation potential of N-Acetylcysteine loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the management of tuberculosis: In vitro lung deposition and efficacy studies. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100084. [PMID: 35112077 PMCID: PMC8790477 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have stated that mucus is a critical hurdle for drug delivery to the mucosal tissues. As a result, Polymeric nanoparticles that can overcome mucus barriers are gaining popularity for controlled drug delivery into intra-macrophages to attain high intracellular drug concentration. The present study was aimed to fabricate inhalable N-acetylcysteine (NAC) modified PLGA mucus penetrating particles using the double emulsion method (w/o/w) for target delivery to alveolar macrophages and minimize the dose-related adverse effects, efficiently encapsulate hydrophilic drug, sustain the release profile and prolong the retention time for the management of tuberculosis. Among the numerous formulations, the drug/polymer ratio of 1:10 with 0.50% PVA concentration and sonication time for 2 min s was chosen for further research. The formulated nanoparticles had a mean particle size of 307.50 ± 9.54 nm, PDI was 0.136 ± 0.02, zeta potential about -11.3 ± 0.4 mV, decent entrapment efficiency (55.46 ± 2.40%), drug loading (9.05 ± 0.22%), and excellent flowability. FTIR confirmed that NAC and PLGA were compatible with each other. SEM graphs elucidated that the nanoparticles were spherically shaped with a slightly rough surface whereas TEM analysis ensured the nanometer size nanoparticles and coating of lipid over NPs surface. PXRD spectrum concluded the transformation of the drug from crystalline to amorphous state in the formulation. In vitro release pattern was biphasic started with burst release (64.67 ± 1.53% within 12hrs) followed by sustained release over 48hrs thus enabling the prolonged replenishing of NAC. In vitro lung deposition study pronounced that coated NAC-PLGA-MPPs showed favorable results in terms of emitted dose (86.67 ± 2.52%), MMAD value (2.57 ± 0.12 μm), GSD value (1.55 ± 0.11 μm), and FPF of 62.67 ± 2.08% for the deposition and targeting the lungs. Finally, in vitro efficacy studies demonstrated that NAC-PLGA-MPPs presented more prominent antibacterial activity against MTB H37Rv strain as compared to NAC. Hence, PLGA based particles could be a better strategy to deliver the NAC for lung targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Puri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road NH-95, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Kabi Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road NH-95, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road NH-95, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road NH-95, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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18
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De Grandi D, Meghdadi A, LuTheryn G, Carugo D. Facile production of quercetin nanoparticles using 3D printed centrifugal flow reactors. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20696-20713. [PMID: 35919149 PMCID: PMC9295137 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02745c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A 3D printed reactor-in-a-centrifuge (RIAC) was developed to produce drug nanocrystals. Quercetin nanocrystals were manufactured at varying operational and formulation conditions, and had a small size (190–302 nm) and low size dispersity (PDI < 0.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide De Grandi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Alireza Meghdadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Gareth LuTheryn
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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19
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Truong N, Black SK, Shaw J, Scotland BL, Pearson RM. Microfluidic-Generated Immunomodulatory Nanoparticles and Formulation-Dependent Effects on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Macrophage Inflammation. AAPS J 2021; 24:6. [PMID: 34859324 PMCID: PMC8728808 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a highly useful and clinically translatable drug delivery platform for vast therapeutic payloads. Through the precise tuning of their physicochemical properties, NPs can be engineered to exhibit controlled drug release properties, enhanced circulation times, improved cellular uptake and targeting, and reduced toxicity profiles. Conventional bulk methods for the production of polymeric NPs suffer from the ability to control their size and polydispersity, batch-to-batch variability, significant preparation times, and low recovery. Here, we describe the development and optimization of a high-throughput microfluidic method to produce cargo-less immunomodulatory nanoparticles (iNPs) and their formulation-dependent anti-inflammatory properties for the modulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage responses. Using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as the core-forming polymer, a rapid and tunable microfluidic hydrodynamic flow-focusing method was developed and optimized to systematically evaluate the role of polymer and surfactant concentration, surfactant chemistry, and flow rate ratio (FRR) on the formation of iNPs. A set of iNPs with 6 different surface chemistries and 2 FRRs was then prepared to evaluate their inherent anti-inflammatory effects using bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated with the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist, LPS. Finally, a lyophilization study was performed using various cryoprotectants and combinations to identify preferable conditions for iNP storage. Overall, we demonstrate a highly controlled and reproducible method for the formulation of iNPs using microfluidics and their formulation-dependent inherent anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory properties, which represents a potentially promising strategy for the management of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu Truong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sheneil K Black
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jacob Shaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA
| | - Brianna L Scotland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ryan M Pearson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene Street, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA.
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20
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Synthesis and Biodistribution of 99mTc-Labeled PLGA Nanoparticles by Microfluidic Technique. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111769. [PMID: 34834184 PMCID: PMC8621482 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of present study was to develop radiolabeled NPs to overcome the limitations of fluorescence with theranostic potential. Synthesis of PLGA-NPs loaded with technetium-99m was based on a Dean-Vortex-Bifurcation Mixer (DVBM) using an innovative microfluidic technique with high batch-to-batch reproducibility and tailored-made size of NPs. Eighteen different formulations were tested and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, labeling efficiency, and in vitro stability. Overall, physical characterization by dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed an increase in particle size after radiolabeling probably due to the incorporation of the isotope into the PLGA-NPs shell. NPs of 60 nm (obtained by 5:1 PVA:PLGA ratio and 15 mL/min TFR with 99mTc included in PVA) had high labeling efficiency (94.20 ± 5.83%) and >80% stability after 24 h and showed optimal biodistribution in BALB/c mice. In conclusion, we confirmed the possibility of radiolabeling NPs with 99mTc using the microfluidics and provide best formulation for tumor targeting studies.
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21
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Ottonelli I, Duskey JT, Rinaldi A, Grazioli MV, Parmeggiani I, Vandelli MA, Wang LZ, Prud’homme RK, Tosi G, Ruozi B. Microfluidic Technology for the Production of Hybrid Nanomedicines. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1495. [PMID: 34575571 PMCID: PMC8465086 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic technologies have recently been applied as innovative methods for the production of a variety of nanomedicines (NMeds), demonstrating their potential on a global scale. The capacity to precisely control variables, such as the flow rate ratio, temperature, total flow rate, etc., allows for greater tunability of the NMed systems that are more standardized and automated than the ones obtained by well-known benchtop protocols. However, it is a crucial aspect to be able to obtain NMeds with the same characteristics of the previously optimized ones. In this study, we focused on the transfer of a production protocol for hybrid NMeds (H-NMeds) consisting of PLGA, Cholesterol, and Pluronic® F68 from a benchtop nanoprecipitation method to a microfluidic device. For this aim, we modified parameters such as the flow rate ratio, the concentration of core materials in the organic phase, and the ratio between PLGA and Cholesterol in the feeding organic phase. Outputs analysed were the chemico-physical properties, such as size, PDI, and surface charge, the composition in terms of %Cholesterol and residual %Pluronic® F68, their stability to lyophilization, and the morphology via atomic force and electron microscopy. On the basis of the results, even if microfluidic technology is one of the unique procedures to obtain industrial production of NMeds, we demonstrated that the translation from a benchtop method to a microfluidic one is not a simple transfer of already established parameters, with several variables to be taken into account and to be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ottonelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Ph.D. Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
| | - Arianna Rinaldi
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Ph.D. Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Grazioli
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
| | - Irene Parmeggiani
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
| | - Leon Z. Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; (L.Z.W.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Robert K. Prud’homme
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; (L.Z.W.); (R.K.P.)
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Nanotech Lab, Te. Far.T.I., Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (I.O.); (J.T.D.); (A.R.); (M.V.G.); (I.P.); (M.A.V.); (B.R.)
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22
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Angamuthu S, R. Ramaswamy C, Thangaswamy S, Sadhasivam DR, Nallaswamy VD, Subramanian R, Ganesan R, Raju A. Metabolic annotation, interactions and characterization of natural products of mango (Mangifera indica L.): 1H NMR based chemical metabolomics profiling. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Roces CB, Christensen D, Perrie Y. Translating the fabrication of protein-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles from bench to scale-independent production using microfluidics. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:582-593. [PMID: 31919746 PMCID: PMC7228990 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the formulation of nanoparticles, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is commonly employed due to its Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency approval for human use, its ability to encapsulate a variety of moieties, its biocompatibility and biodegradability and its ability to offer a range of controlled release profiles. Common methods for the production of PLGA particles often adopt harsh solvents, surfactants/stabilisers and in general are multi-step and time-consuming processes. This limits the translation of these drug delivery systems from bench to bedside. To address this, we have applied microfluidic processes to develop a scale-independent platform for the manufacture, purification and monitoring of nanoparticles. Thereby, the influence of various microfluidic parameters on the physicochemical characteristics of the empty and the protein-loaded PLGA particles was evaluated in combination with the copolymer employed (PLGA 85:15, 75:25 or 50:50) and the type of protein loaded. Using this rapid production process, emulsifying/stabilising agents (such as polyvinyl alcohol) are not required. We also incorporate in-line purification systems and at-line particle size monitoring. Our results demonstrate the microfluidic control parameters that can be adopted to control particle size and the impact of PLGA copolymer type on the characteristics of the produced particles. With these nanoparticles, protein encapsulation efficiency varies from 8 to 50% and is controlled by the copolymer of choice and the production parameters employed; higher flow rates, combined with medium flow rate ratios (3:1), should be adopted to promote higher protein loading (% wt/wt). In conclusion, herein, we outline the process controls for the fabrication of PLGA polymeric nanoparticles incorporating proteins in a rapid and scalable manufacturing process. Scale-independent production of polymer nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla B Roces
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Dennis Christensen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland.
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24
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Ganesan R, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Sadhasivam DR, Subramanian R, Vimalraj S, Suk KT. Carbon Nanotubes Induce Metabolomic Profile Disturbances in Zebrafish: NMR-Based Metabolomics Platform. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:688827. [PMID: 34277704 PMCID: PMC8283261 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.688827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the metabolic effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. However, there is no significant information available regarding the characterization of organic molecules, and metabolites with SWCNT exposure. Noninvasive biofluid methods have improved our understanding of SWCNT metabolism in zebrafish in recent years. Here, we used targeted metabolomics to quantify a set of metabolites within biological systems. SWCNT at various concentrations was given to zebrafish, and the metabolites were extracted using two immiscible solvent systems, methanol and chloroform. Metabolomics profiling was used in association with univariate and multivariate data analysis to determine metabolomic phenotyping. The metabolites, malate, oxalacetate, phenylaniline, taurine, sn-glycero-3-phosphate, glycine, N-acetyl mate, lactate, ATP, AMP, valine, pyruvate, ADP, serine, niacinamide are significantly impacted. The metabolism of amino acids, energy and nucleotides are influenced by SWCNT which might indicate a disturbance in metabolic reaction networks. In conclusion, using high-throughput analytical methods, we provide a perspective of metabolic impacts and the underlying associated metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Raghunandhakumar Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.,Center for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Development of Polymer-Assisted Nanoparticles and Nanogels for Cancer Therapy: An Update. Gels 2021; 7:gels7020060. [PMID: 34067587 PMCID: PMC8162331 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With cancer remaining as one of the main causes of deaths worldwide, many studies are undergoing the effort to look for a novel and potent anticancer drug. Nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the rising fields in research for anticancer drug development. One of the key advantages of using NPs for cancer therapy is its high flexibility for modification, hence additional properties can be added to the NPs in order to improve its anticancer action. Polymer has attracted considerable attention to be used as a material to enhance the bioactivity of the NPs. Nanogels, which are NPs cross-linked with hydrophilic polymer network have also exhibited benefits in anticancer application. The characteristics of these nanomaterials include non-toxic, environment-friendly, and variable physiochemical properties. Some other unique properties of polymers are also attributed by diverse methods of polymer synthesis. This then contributes to the unique properties of the nanodrugs. This review article provides an in-depth update on the development of polymer-assisted NPs and nanogels for cancer therapy. Topics such as the synthesis, usage, and properties of the nanomaterials are discussed along with their mechanisms and functions in anticancer application. The advantages and limitations are also discussed in this article.
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Jara MO, Landin M, Morales JO. Screening of critical variables in fabricating polycaprolactone nanoparticles using Neuro Fuzzy Logic. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120558. [PMID: 33831482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we used the artificial intelligence tool known as neurofuzzy logic (NFL) for fabricating uniform nanoparticles of polycaprolactone by the nanoprecipitation method with a focus on stabilizer selection. The adaptability of NFL assisted the decision-making on different manufacturing and formulation conditions. The nanoprecipitation method can be summarized as mixing a poorly water-soluble polymer solution with water and its consequent precipitation. Although nanoprecipitation seems simple, the process is highly variable to even slight modifications, leading to polydispersity and nanoparticle aggregation. Here, the NFL model established relationships between mixing conditions, different stabilizers and solvents, among other parameters. Seven parameters measured by dynamic light scattering and laser doppler electrophoresis were modelized with high predictability using NFL tool, as a function of the raw materials and operation conditions. The model allowed the principal component analysis to be carried out, showing that the selection of a stabilizer is the most critical parameter for avoiding nanoparticle aggregation. Then, inputs related to fluid dynamics were relevant to tune the characteristics of the stabilized nanoparticles even further. NFL model showed great potential to support pharmaceutical research by finding subtle relationships between several variables, even from incomplete or fragmented data, which is common in pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel O Jara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, 4to piso, Of. 09, Independencia, 8380494 Santiago, Chile; Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, 78712 Austin, TX, USA(1)
| | - Mariana Landin
- R+D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Health Research Institute of Santiago De Compostela (IDIS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier O Morales
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, 4to piso, Of. 09, Independencia, 8380494 Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), 8380494 Santiago, Chile; Center of New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), 8380494 Santiago, Chile.
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Microfluidic-assisted synthesis of multifunctional iodinated contrast agent polymeric nanoplatforms. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120447. [PMID: 33676989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Contrast Induced Nephropathy is the most severe side-effect arising after non-ionic iodinated contrast agents (CAs) intravenous administration. The use of antioxidants (i.e., N-Acetylcysteine; NAC) is one of the attempted prevention approaches. Herein, we describe the microfluidic-assisted synthesis of iodinated polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as new multifunctional blood pool CA. The aim of this research is to co-encapsulate Iohexol (IOX; iodinated CA) and NAC (preventive agent) into poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and PEGylated-PLGA (PLGA-PEG) NPs to exploit CA diagnostic proprieties and NAC preventing antioxidant activity. A microfluidic-assisted nanoprecipitation protocol has been set-up for PLGA and PLGA-PEG NPs, evaluating the effect of formulation and microfluidic parameters by analysing the size, PDI and IOX and NAC encapsulation efficiency. The optimized NPs (PLGA-PEG, L:G 50:50, 5% PEG, Mw 90 kDa) formulated with a size of 67 ± 2.8 nm with PDI < 0.2, spherical shape, and an IOX and NAC encapsulation efficiency of 38% and 20%, respectively. The IOX and NAC encapsulation was confirmed by FTIR and DSC. In vitro release study showed an IOX retention into the polymeric matrix and NAC sustained release up to 24-48 h stating microfluidics as powerful tool for the formulation of multifunctional nanoplatforms. Finally, the protective effect of NPs and NAC were preliminary assessed on human kidney cells.
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Khatibi A, Zahedi P, Ghourchian H, Sadeghi Lari A. Development of microfluidic-based cellulose acetate phthalate nanoparticles containing omeprazole for antiulcer activity: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Niculescu AG, Chircov C, Bîrcă AC, Grumezescu AM. Fabrication and Applications of Microfluidic Devices: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2011. [PMID: 33670545 PMCID: PMC7921936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is a relatively newly emerged field based on the combined principles of physics, chemistry, biology, fluid dynamics, microelectronics, and material science. Various materials can be processed into miniaturized chips containing channels and chambers in the microscale range. A diverse repertoire of methods can be chosen to manufacture such platforms of desired size, shape, and geometry. Whether they are used alone or in combination with other devices, microfluidic chips can be employed in nanoparticle preparation, drug encapsulation, delivery, and targeting, cell analysis, diagnosis, and cell culture. This paper presents microfluidic technology in terms of the available platform materials and fabrication techniques, also focusing on the biomedical applications of these remarkable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Alexandra Cătălina Bîrcă
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (A.C.B.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
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Abdelkarim M, Abd Ellah NH, Elsabahy M, Abdelgawad M, Abouelmagd SA. Microchannel geometry vs flow parameters for controlling nanoprecipitation of polymeric nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Saygili E, Kaya E, Ilhan-Ayisigi E, Saglam-Metiner P, Alarcin E, Kazan A, Girgic E, Kim YW, Gunes K, Eren-Ozcan GG, Akakin D, Sun JY, Yesil-Celiktas O. An alginate-poly(acrylamide) hydrogel with TGF-β3 loaded nanoparticles for cartilage repair: Biodegradability, biocompatibility and protein adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:381-393. [PMID: 33476613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Current implantable materials are limited in terms of function as native tissue, and there is still no effective clinical treatment to restore articular impairments. Hereby, a functionalized polyacrylamide (PAAm)-alginate (Alg) Double Network (DN) hydrogel acting as an articular-like tissue is developed. These hydrogels sustain their mechanical stability under different temperature (+4 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C) and humidity conditions (60% and 75%) over 3 months. As for the functionalization, transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) encapsulated (NPTGF-β3) and empty poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) are synthesized by using microfluidic platform, wherein the mean particle sizes are determined as 81.44 ± 9.2 nm and 126 ± 4.52 nm with very low polydispersity indexes (PDI) of 0.194 and 0.137, respectively. Functionalization process of PAAm-Alg hydrogels with ester-end PLGA NPs is confirmed by FTIR analysis, and higher viscoelasticity is obtained for functionalized hydrogels. Moreover, cartilage regeneration capability of these hydrogels is evaluated with in vitro and in vivo experiments. Compared with the PAAm-Alg hydrogels, functionalized formulations exhibit a better cell viability. Histological staining, and score distribution confirmed that proposed hydrogels significantly enhance regeneration of cartilage in rats due to stable hydrogel matrix and controlled release of TGF-β3. These findings demonstrated that PAAm-Alg hydrogels showed potential for cartilage repair and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Saygili
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Kaya
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Ilhan-Ayisigi
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Saglam-Metiner
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Kazan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, 16310 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Girgic
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kasim Gunes
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Dilek Akakin
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
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Haider T, Pandey V, Behera C, Kumar P, Gupta PN, Soni V. Spectrin conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for potential membrane phospholipid interactions: Development, optimization and in vitro studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tuning Size and Morphology of mPEG- b-p(HPMA-Bz) Copolymer Self-Assemblies Using Microfluidics. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112572. [PMID: 33147743 PMCID: PMC7693845 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The careful design of nanoparticles, in terms of size and morphology, is of great importance to developing effective drug delivery systems. The ability to precisely tailor nanoparticles in size and morphology during polymer self-assembly was therefore investigated. Four poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-2-benzoyloxypropyl methacrylamide) mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz) block copolymers with a fixed hydrophilic block of mPEG 5 kDa and a varying molecular weight of the hydrophobic p(HPMA-Bz) block (A: 17.1, B: 10.0, C: 5.2 and D: 2.7 kDa) were self-assembled into nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation under well-defined flow conditions, using microfluidics, at different concentrations. The nanoparticles from polymer A, increased in size from 55 to 90 nm using lower polymer concentrations and slower flow rates and even polymer vesicles were formed along with micelles. Similarly, nanoparticles from polymer D increased in size from 35 to 70 nm at slower flow rates and also formed vesicles along with micelles, regardless of the used concentration. Differently, polymers B and C mainly self-assembled into micelles at the different applied flow rates with negligible size difference. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the self-assembly of mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz) block copolymers can be easily tailored in size and morphology using microfluidics and is therefore an attractive option for further scaled-up production activities.
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Microfluidic-assisted production of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and cellulose acetate nanoparticles: effects of polymers, surfactants, and flow rate ratios. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03367-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Melich R, Bussat P, Morici L, Vivien A, Gaud E, Bettinger T, Cherkaoui S. Microfluidic preparation of various perfluorocarbon nanodroplets: Characterization and determination of acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) threshold. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Liu P, Yang X, Han J, Zhao M, Guo J, Si R, Zhang Z, Wang A, Zhang J. Tazarotene-loaded PLGA nanoparticles potentiate deep tissue pressure injury healing via VEGF-Notch signaling. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111027. [PMID: 32994012 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE New capillaries are essential for deep tissue pressure injury wound healing. Tazarotene is a recently discovered small molecule drug and functions to promote neovascularization and tissue repair. At present, the application of tazarotene in the repair of pressure injuries has not previously been investigated. This study used poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as nanoparticle carriers loaded with tazarotene (Ta/PLGA NPs) for drug delivery and to overcome shortcomings associated with the low water solubility, short half-life, easy photolysis and low bioavailability of tazarotene itself. METHODS The physicochemical properties, drug release and bioactivity of Ta/PLGA NPs were examined in vitro by transmission electron microscope, spectrophotometry and cell assays. Mouse models of deep tissue pressure injuries (DTPI) were established and the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Ta/PLGA NPs in local wound repair were studied. RESULTS The results showed that Ta/PLGA NPs were of uniform size and distribution and were non-toxic both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo experiments suggested that Ta/PLGA NPs significantly promoted DTPI wound repair through activation of the VEGF/VEGFR-Notch1/DLL4 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential clinical significance of implementation of tazarotene small molecule drugs in combination with effective biomaterial carriers for the treatment of chronic refractory wounds, such as DTPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Han
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jinglin Guo
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ruijuan Si
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zirui Zhang
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- College of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Hamdallah SI, Zoqlam R, Erfle P, Blyth M, Alkilany AM, Dietzel A, Qi S. Microfluidics for pharmaceutical nanoparticle fabrication: The truth and the myth. Int J Pharm 2020; 584:119408. [PMID: 32407942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Using micro-sized channels to manipulate fluids is the essence of microfluidics which has wide applications from analytical chemistry to material science and cell biology research. Recently, using microfluidic-based devices for pharmaceutical research, in particular for the fabrication of micro- and nano-particles, has emerged as a new area of interest. The particles that can be prepared by microfluidic devices can range from micron size droplet-based emulsions to nano-sized drug loaded polymeric particles. Microfluidic technology poses unique advantages in terms of the high precision of the mixing regimes and control of fluids involved in formulation preparation. As a result of this, monodispersity of the particles prepared by microfluidics is often recognised as being a particularly advantageous feature in comparison to those prepared by conventional large-scale mixing methods. However, there is a range of practical drawbacks and challenges of using microfluidics as a direct micron- and nano-particle manufacturing method. Technological advances are still required before this type of processing can be translated for application by the pharmaceutical industry. This review focuses specifically on the application of microfluidics for pharmaceutical solid nanoparticle preparation and discusses the theoretical foundation of using the nanoprecipitation principle to generate particles and how this is translated into microfluidic design and operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif I Hamdallah
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Randa Zoqlam
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Peer Erfle
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Mikrotechnik / Institute of Microtechnology, Alte Salzdahlumer Str. 203, Geb. 1A, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mark Blyth
- School of Mathematics, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Alaaldin M Alkilany
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Andreas Dietzel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Mikrotechnik / Institute of Microtechnology, Alte Salzdahlumer Str. 203, Geb. 1A, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sheng Qi
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Comprehensive Screening of Drug Encapsulation and Co-Encapsulation into Niosomes Produced Using a Microfluidic Device. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is a very facile and fast method of particulate production. Besides, it enables the manufacturing of size tuned particulate systems. Niosomes due to structural similarities have importance as alternative drug delivery systems to liposomes. Niosomes can be encapsulated or co-encapsulated with hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. The research presented here includes the optimization of method parameters for niosome production as well as evaluation of the efficiency of microfluidics to encapsulate and co-encapsulate the drugs. For this purpose, metformin (MET) and garcinol (GC) were the model drugs. Two different non-ionic surfactants (NIS), namely Tween-20 and Span-60 with significant difference in hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value, were chosen to analyze their efficiency to form niosomes and encapsulate one or more drugs.
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On-Chip Synthesis of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanoparticles for Selective Inhibition of CD44+ Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030260. [PMID: 32183027 PMCID: PMC7151101 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an innovative microfluidics-based method was developed for one-step synthesis of hyaluronic acid (HA)-based nanoparticles (NPs), by exploiting polyelectrolytic interactions between HA and chitosan (CS), in order to improve reliability, reproducibility and possible scale-up of the NPs preparation. The on-chip synthesis, using a staggered herringbone micromixer, allowed to produce HA/CS NPs with tailored-made size and suitable for both parenteral (117.50 ± 4.51 nm) and loco-regional (349.15 ± 38.09 nm) administration, mainly composed by HA (more than 85% wt) with high negative surface charge (< −20 mV). HA/CS NPs were successfully loaded with a challenging water-insoluble molecule, Everolimus (EVE), an FDA- and EMA-approved anticancer drug able to lead to cell cycle arrest, reduced angiogenesis and promotion of apoptosis. HA/CS NPs resulted to be massively internalized in CD44+ human mesenchymal stem cells via CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis. HA/CS NPs selectiveness towards CD44 was highlighted by blocking CD44 receptor by anti-CD44 primary antibody and by comparison to CS-based NPs cellular uptake. Eventually, high effectiveness in inhibiting cell proliferation was demonstrated on-chip synthetized EVE loaded HA/CS NPs by tracking in vitro DNA synthesis.
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Hernández-Giottonini KY, Rodríguez-Córdova RJ, Gutiérrez-Valenzuela CA, Peñuñuri-Miranda O, Zavala-Rivera P, Guerrero-Germán P, Lucero-Acuña A. PLGA nanoparticle preparations by emulsification and nanoprecipitation techniques: effects of formulation parameters. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4218-4231. [PMID: 35495261 PMCID: PMC9049000 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10857b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the influence of the primary formulation parameters on the formation of poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic nanoparticles by the emulsification-solvent evaporation, and the nanoprecipitation techniques. In the emulsification-solvent evaporation technique, the polymer and tensoactive concentrations, the organic solvent fraction, and the sonication amplitude effects were analyzed. Similarly, in the nanoprecipitation technique the polymer and tensoactive concentrations, the organic solvent fraction and the injection speed were varied. Additionally, the agitation speed during solvent evaporation, the centrifugation speeds and the use of cryoprotectants in the freeze-drying process were analyzed. Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler electrophoresis, and scanning electron microscopy, and the results were evaluated by statistical analysis. Nanoparticle physicochemical characteristics can be adjusted by varying the formulation parameters to obtain specific sizes and stable nanoparticles. Also, by adjusting these parameters, the nanoparticle preparation processes have the potential to be tuned to yield nanoparticles with specific characteristics while maintaining reproducible results. This study presents the influence of the primary formulation parameters on the formation of poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic nanoparticles by the emulsification-solvent evaporation, and the nanoprecipitation techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Omar Peñuñuri-Miranda
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
| | - Paul Zavala-Rivera
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
| | | | - Armando Lucero-Acuña
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
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Meikle TG, Drummond CJ, Conn CE. Microfluidic Synthesis of Rifampicin Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles and the Effect of Formulation on their Physical and Antibacterial Properties. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch19359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of drugs in nanoparticles serves as an effective way to modify pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy. Nanoparticles comprised of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) are well suited for this purpose; they are accessible using multiple synthesis methods, are highly biocompatible and biodegradable, and possess desirable drug release properties. In the present study, we have explored the effects of various formulation parameters on the physical properties of PLGA nanoparticles synthesised using a microfluidic assisted nanoprecipitation method and loaded with a model drug. PLGA nanoparticles, with diameters ranging from 165–364nm, were produced using three alternate stabilisers; poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB). Three additional formulations used PVA in addition to 20wt-% 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), 1,2-di-O-octadecenyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTMA), and oleic acid. Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated that the use of PVA increased the loading efficiency over that of TPGS and DMAB formulations, while the inclusion of oleic acid in the PVA formulation resulted in a further 3-fold increase in loading efficiency. Invitro release studies demonstrate that the inclusion of lipid additives significantly alters release kinetics; release was most rapid and complete in the formulation containing oleic acid, while the addition of DOTAP and DOTMA significantly reduced release rates. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of each formulation was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations nearing or exceeding that of free rifampicin.
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Streck S, Clulow AJ, Nielsen HM, Rades T, Boyd BJ, McDowell A. The distribution of cell-penetrating peptides on polymeric nanoparticles prepared using microfluidics and elucidated with small angle X-ray scattering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 555:438-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Roces CB, Khadke S, Christensen D, Perrie Y. Scale-Independent Microfluidic Production of Cationic Liposomal Adjuvants and Development of Enhanced Lymphatic Targeting Strategies. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4372-4386. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla B. Roces
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Swapnil Khadke
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Dennis Christensen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
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Streck S, Neumann H, Nielsen HM, Rades T, McDowell A. Comparison of bulk and microfluidics methods for the formulation of poly-lactic- co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles modified with cell-penetrating peptides of different architectures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2019; 1:100030. [PMID: 31517295 PMCID: PMC6733288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficient and reproducible production of nanoparticles using bulk nanoprecipitation methods is still challenging because of low batch to batch reproducibility. Here, we optimize a bulk nanoprecipitation method using design of experiments and translate to a microfluidic device to formulate surface-modified poly-lactic-co-glycolic (PLGA) nanoparticles. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with a short, long linear or branched architecture were used for the surface modification of PLGA nanoparticles. The microfluidics method was more time efficient than the bulk nanoprecipitation method and allowed the formulation of uniform PLGA nanoparticles with a size of 150 nm, a polydispersity index below 0.150 and with better reproducibility in comparison to the bulk nanoprecipitation method. After surface modification the size of CPP-tagged PLGA nanoparticles increased to 160–180 nm and the surface charge of the CPP-tagged PLGA nanoparticles varied between −24 mV and +3 mV, depending on the architecture and concentration of the conjugated CPP. Covalent attachment of CPPs to the PLGA polymer was confirmed with FTIR by identifying the formation of an amide bond. The conjugation efficiency of CPPs to the polymeric PLGA nanoparticles was between 32 and 80%. The development and design of reproducible nanoformulations with tuneable surface properties is crucial to understand interactions at the nano-bio interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Streck
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | | | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Ma X, Özliseli E, Zhang Y, Pan G, Wang D, Zhang H. Fabrication of redox-responsive doxorubicin and paclitaxel prodrug nanoparticles with microfluidics for selective cancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:634-644. [PMID: 30534690 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is an exceptionally confounding disease that demands the development of powerful drug/drugs, without inducing heavy adverse side effects. Thus, different approaches have been applied to improve the targeted delivery of cancer drugs: for example by using nanocarriers. However, nanocarriers are foreign materials, which need further validation for their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, we have chemically conjugated the hydrophilic anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) with the hydrophobic drug paclitaxel (PTX) through a redox-sensitive disulfide bond, abbreviated to DOX-S-S-PTX. Subsequently, due to its amphiphilic characterization, the prodrug can self-assemble into nanoparticles under microfluidic nanoprecipitation. These novel prodrug nanoparticles have a super-high drug loading degree of 89%, which is impossible to achieve by any nanocarrier systems, and can be tailored to 180 nm to deliver themselves to the target, and release DOX and PTX under redox conditions, which are often found in cancer cells. By evaluating cell viability in MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231/ADR and MEF cell lines, we observed that the prodrug nanoparticles effectively killed the cancer cells, and selectively conquered the MDA-MB-231/ADR. Meanwhile, MEF cells were spared due to their lack of a redox condition. The cell interaction results show that the reduced intermediate of the prodrug can also bind to parent drug biological targets. The hemolysis results show that the nanoparticles are biocompatible in blood. Computer modelling suggested that the prodrug is unlikely to bind to biological targets that parent drugs still strongly interact with. Finally, we confirm that the prodrug nanoparticles have no therapeutic effect in blood or healthy cells, but can selectively eliminate the cancer cells that meet the redox conditions to cleave the disulfide bond and release the drugs DOX and PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Radiology affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University Jiangsu University, 212001 Zhenjiang, P.R. China
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Ding S, Serra CA, Anton N, Yu W, Vandamme TF. Production of dry-state ketoprofen-encapsulated PMMA NPs by coupling micromixer-assisted nanoprecipitation and spray drying. Int J Pharm 2019; 558:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Vu HTH, Streck S, Hook SM, McDowell A. Utilization of Microfluidics for the Preparation of Polymeric Nanoparticles for the Antioxidant Rutin: A Comparison with Bulk Production. Pharm Nanotechnol 2019; 7:469-483. [PMID: 31648653 DOI: 10.2174/2211738507666191019141049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the characteristics of rutin-loaded PLGA (poly(lactic-coglycolic acid)) nanoparticles prepared using a single emulsion evaporation method (bulk method) and a nanoprecipitation method using microfluidics. METHODS Rutin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were produced using different methods and characterized for size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL). A design of experiments approach was used to identify the effect of method parameters to optimize the formulation. DSC was used to investigate the solid-state characteristics of rutin and PLGA and identify any interactions in the rutin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. The release of rutin from PLGA nanoparticles was examined in biorelevant media and phosphate buffer (PBS). RESULTS The optimal formulation of rutin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles produced using a microfluidics method resulted in a higher entrapment efficiency of 34 ± 2% and a smaller size of 123 ± 4 nm compared to a bulk method (EE 27 ± 1%, size 179 ± 13 nm). The solidstate of rutin and PLGA changed from crystalline to amorphous with the preparation of rutin- loaded PLGA nanoparticles. More importantly, using microfluidics, rutin released faster from rutin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in biorelevant media and PBS with higher burst release compared to the rutin release from the nanoparticles prepared by using the bulk method. CONCLUSION Rutin can be encapsulated in nanoparticles formulated with different methods with mean sizes of less than 200 nm. Microfluidics produced more uniform rutin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with a higher EE, DL and faster release compared to a bulk production method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanh T H Vu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Streck
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah M Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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48
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Streck S, Hong L, Boyd BJ, McDowell A. Microfluidics for the Production of Nanomedicines: Considerations for Polymer and Lipid-based Systems. Pharm Nanotechnol 2019; 7:423-443. [PMID: 31629401 DOI: 10.2174/2211738507666191019154815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microfluidics is becoming increasingly of interest as a superior technique for the synthesis of nanoparticles, particularly for their use in nanomedicine. In microfluidics, small volumes of liquid reagents are rapidly mixed in a microchannel in a highly controlled manner to form nanoparticles with tunable and reproducible structure that can be tailored for drug delivery. Both polymer and lipid-based nanoparticles are utilized in nanomedicine and both are amenable to preparation by microfluidic approaches. AIM Therefore, the purpose of this review is to collect the current state of knowledge on the microfluidic preparation of polymeric and lipid nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications, including descriptions of the main synthesis modalities. Of special interest are the mechanisms involved in nanoparticle formation and the options for surface functionalisation to enhance cellular interactions. CONCLUSION The review will conclude with the identification of key considerations for the production of polymeric and lipid nanoparticles using microfluidic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Streck
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Linda Hong
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Arlene McDowell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Chiesa E, Dorati R, Pisani S, Conti B, Bergamini G, Modena T, Genta I. The Microfluidic Technique and the Manufacturing of Polysaccharide Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040267. [PMID: 30544868 PMCID: PMC6321127 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The microfluidic technique has emerged as a promising tool to accelerate the clinical translation of nanoparticles, and its application affects several aspects, such as the production of nanoparticles and the in vitro characterization in the microenvironment, mimicking in vivo conditions. This review covers the general aspects of the microfluidic technique and its application in several fields, such as the synthesis, recovering, and samples analysis of nanoparticles, and in vitro characterization and their in vivo application. Among these, advantages in the production of polymeric nanoparticles in a well-controlled, reproducible, and high-throughput manner have been highlighted, and detailed descriptions of microfluidic devices broadly used for the synthesis of polysaccharide nanoparticles have been provided. These nanoparticulate systems have drawn attention as drug delivery vehicles over many years; nevertheless, their synthesis using the microfluidic technique is still largely unexplored. This review deals with the use of the microfluidic technique for the synthesis of polysaccharide nanoparticles; evaluating features of the most studied polysaccharide drug carriers, such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and alginate polymers. The critical assessment of the most recent research published in literature allows us to assume that microfluidics will play an important role in the discovery and clinical translation of nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Chiesa
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pisani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gloria Bergamini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Modena
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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50
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Operti MC, Fecher D, van Dinther EAW, Grimm S, Jaber R, Figdor CG, Tagit O. A comparative assessment of continuous production techniques to generate sub-micron size PLGA particles. Int J Pharm 2018; 550:140-148. [PMID: 30144511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The clinical and commercial development of polymeric sub-micron size formulations based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles is hampered by the challenges related to their good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant, scale-up production without affecting the formulation specifications. Continuous process technologies enable large-scale production without changing the process or formulation parameters by increasing the operation time. Here, we explore three well-established process technologies regarding continuity for the large-scale production of sub-micron size PLGA particles developed at the lab scale using a batch method. We demonstrate optimization of critical process and formulation parameters for high-shear mixing, high-pressure homogenization and microfluidics technologies to obtain PLGA particles with a mean diameter of 150-250 nm and a small polydispersity index (PDI, ≤0.2). The most influential parameters on the particle size distribution are discussed for each technique with a critical evaluation of their suitability for GMP production. Although each technique can provide particles in the desired size range, high-shear mixing is found to be particularly promising due to the availability of GMP-ready equipment and large throughput of production. Overall, our results will be of great guidance for establishing continuous process technologies for the GMP-compliant, large-scale production of sub-micron size PLGA particles, facilitating their commercial and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camilla Operti
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands; Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Health Care, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - David Fecher
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Health Care, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Eric A W van Dinther
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands
| | - Silko Grimm
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Health Care, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rima Jaber
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Health Care, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands.
| | - Oya Tagit
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands.
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