1
|
Jeske R, Becker N, Kroeller L, Mentzer AJ, Brenner N, Guy E, Waterboer T, Butt J. Advancing Toxoplasma gondii multiplex serology. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0361823. [PMID: 38385741 PMCID: PMC10986549 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03618-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a highly prevalent pathogen causing zoonotic infections with significant public health implications. Yet, our understanding of long-term consequences, associated risk factors, and the potential role of co-infections is still limited. Seroepidemiological studies are a valuable approach to address open questions and enhance our insights into T. gondii across human populations. Here, we present substantial advancements to our previously developed T. gondii multiplex serology assay, which is based on the immunodominant antigens SAG1 and P22. While our previous bead-based assay quantified antibody levels against multiple targets in a high-throughput fashion requiring only a small sample volume, impaired assay characteristics emerged in sample dilutions beyond 1:100 and when being transferred to magnetic beads. Both are now critical for inclusion in large-scale seroprevalence studies. Using the truncated versions, SAG1D1 and P22trunc, significantly enhanced signal-to-noise ratios were achieved with almost perfect concordance with the gold-standard Sabin-Feldman dye test. In sample dilutions of 1:100, the diagnostic accuracy of SAG1D1 and P22trunc reached sensitivities (true positive rates) of 98% and 94% and specificities (true negative rates) of 93% and 95%, respectively. Importantly, performance metrics were reproducible in a 1:1,000 sample dilution, using both magnetic and nonmagnetic beads. Thresholds for seropositivity were derived from finite mixture models and performed equally well as thresholds by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Our improved multiplex serology assay is therefore able to generate robust and reproducible performance metrics under various assay conditions. Inclusion of T. gondii antibody measurements with other pathogens, in multiplex serology panels will allow for large-scale seroepidemiological research. IMPORTANCE Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogen of significant public health concern due to its widespread prevalence and zoonotic potential. However, our understanding of key aspects, such as risk factors for infection and disease, potential outcomes, and their trends, remains limited. Seroepidemiological studies in large cohorts are invaluable for addressing these questions but remain scarce. Our revised multiplex serology assay equips researchers with a powerful tool capable of delivering T. gondii serum antibody measurements with high sensitivity and specificity under diverse assay conditions. This advancement paves the way for the integration of T. gondii antibody measurements into multi-pathogen multiplex serology panels, promising valuable insights into public health and pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Jeske
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nico Becker
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Kroeller
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Nicole Brenner
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edward Guy
- Toxoplasma Reference Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Butt
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii ROP18 with strain-specific reactivity. Parasitology 2020; 147:940-948. [PMID: 32046796 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The rhoptry kinase 18 of Toxoplasma gondii (TgROP18) has been identified as a key virulence factor that allows the parasite to escape from host immune defences and promotes its proliferation in host cells. Although much research is focused on the interaction between host cells and TgROP18, the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against TgROP18 has not been reported till date. To produce mAbs targeting TgROP18, two hybridomas secreting mAbs against TgROP18, designated as A1 and T2, were generated using cell fusion technology. The subtypes of the A1 and T2 mAbs were identified as IgG3 λ and IgM κ, and peptide scanning revealed that the core sequences of the antigenic epitopes were 180LRAQRRRSELVFE192 and 351NYFLLMMRAEADM363, respectively. The T2 mAb specifically reacted with both T. gondii type I and Chinese I, but not with T. gondii type II, Plasmodium falciparum or Schistosoma japonicum. Finally, the sequences of heavy chain and light chain complementarity-determining regions of T2 were amplified, cloned and characterized, making the modification of the mAb feasible in the future. The development of mAbs against TgROP18 would aid the investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of host cellular functions by TgROP18, and in the development of strategies to diagnose and treat Toxoplasmosis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Javadi Mamaghani A, Fathollahi A, Spotin A, Ranjbar MM, Barati M, Aghamolaie S, Karimi M, Taghipour N, Ashrafi M, Tabaei SJS. Candidate antigenic epitopes for vaccination and diagnosis strategies of Toxoplasma gondii infection: A review. Microb Pathog 2019; 137:103788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
4
|
Machado JM, Costa LE, Dias DS, Ribeiro PAF, Martins VT, Lage DP, Carvalho GB, Franklin ML, Tavares GSV, Oliveira-da-Silva JA, Machado AS, Ramos LS, Nogueira LM, Mariano RMS, Moura HB, Silva ES, Teixeira-Neto RG, Campos-da-Paz M, Galdino AS, Coelho EAF. Diagnostic markers selected by immunoproteomics and phage display applied for the serodiagnosis of canine leishmaniosis. Res Vet Sci 2019; 126:4-8. [PMID: 31415928 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases found in several countries worldwide. Dogs are considered important domestic reservoirs of the parasites, being relevant in the maintenance of transmission cycle of the disease between sandflies and humans. However, the prevalence of asymptomatic infection is considerably higher than that of apparent clinical illness in the infected animals; thus making promptly necessary to diagnose the infection in these animals, which could help to allow to the adoption of more efficient control measures against disease. Parasitological tests, which are considered as gold standard to demonstrate the infection and diagnose the disease, present problems related with their sensitivity. Also, the sample´s collect is considered invasive. As consequence, serological tests could be applied as an additional tool to detect the asymptomatic and symptomatic CanL. For this purpose, distinct recombinant antigens have been studied; however, problems in their sensitivity and/or specificity have been still registered. The present review focus in advances in the identification of new diagnostic targets applied for the CanL diagnose, represented here by recombinant single, combined or chimeric proteins, as well as by peptides that mimic epitopes (mimotopes); which were selected by means of immunoproteomics and phage display.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Machado
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lourena E Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patricia A F Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gerusa B Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Michelle L Franklin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele S V Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João A Oliveira-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luana S Ramos
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais M Nogueira
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Reysla M S Mariano
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Moura
- Infectious Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Silva
- Infectious Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Teixeira-Neto
- Infectious Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos-da-Paz
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Analysis of Toxoplasma gondii clonal type-specific antibody reactions in experimentally infected turkeys and chickens. Int J Parasitol 2018; 48:845-856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
6
|
Lopes RS, Queiroz MAF, Gomes STM, Vallinoto ACR, Goulart LR, Ishak R. Phage display: an important tool in the discovery of peptides with anti-HIV activity. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1847-1854. [PMID: 30012540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a worldwide health problem despite huge investments and research breakthroughs, and no single drug is effective in killing the virus yet. Among new strategies to control HIV infection, the phage display (PD) technology has become a promising tool in the discovery of peptides that can be used as new drugs, or also as possible vaccine candidates. This review discusses basic aspects of PD and its use to advance two main objectives related to combating HIV-1 infection: the identification of peptides that inhibit virus replication and the identification of peptides that induce the production of neutralizing antibodies. We will cover the different approaches used for mapping and selection of mimotopes, and discuss the promising results of these biologicals as antiviral agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Souza Lopes
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/Universidade Feral do Pará - ICB/UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1 - Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/Universidade Feral do Pará - ICB/UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1 - Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Samara Tatielle Monteiro Gomes
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/Universidade Feral do Pará - ICB/UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1 - Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/Universidade Feral do Pará - ICB/UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1 - Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU), Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Av. Amazonas s/n, Bloco 2E, Sala 248 - Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Ishak
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para (Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/Universidade Feral do Pará - ICB/UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1 - Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leal-Sena JA, Dos Santos JL, Dos Santos TAR, de Andrade EM, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Santana JO, Mineo TWP, Mineo JR, da Cunha-Júnior JP, Pirovani CP. Toxoplasma gondii antigen SAG2A differentially modulates IL-1β expression in resistant and susceptible murine peritoneal cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:2235-2249. [PMID: 29353306 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface of Toxoplasma gondii is covered by antigens (SAGs) from the SRS family anchored by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and includes antigens from the SAG2 family. Among these, the SAG2A surface antigen shows great potential in activating humoral responses and has been used in characterizing the acute phase of infection and in the serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate rSAG2A-induced proteins in BALB/c and C57BL/c mice macrophages and to evaluate the phenotypic polarization induced in the process. We treated the peritoneal macrophages from mouse strains that were resistant or susceptible to T. gondii with rSAG2A to analyze their proteomic profile by mass spectrometry and systems biology. We also examined the gene expression of these cells by RT-qPCR using the phenotypic markers of M1 and M2 macrophages. Differences were observed in the expression of proteins involved in the inflammatory process in both resistant and susceptible cells, and macrophages were preferentially induced to obtain a pro-inflammatory immune response (M1) via the overexpression of IL-1β in mice susceptible to this parasite. These data suggest that the SAG2A antigen induces phenotypic and classical activation of macrophages in both resistant and susceptible strains of mice during the acute phase of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Lima Dos Santos
- Biothecnology and Genetic Center, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Costa LE, Salles BC, Santos TT, Ramos FF, Lima MP, Lima MI, Portela ÁS, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Duarte MC, Menezes-Souza D, Machado-de-Ávila RA, Silveira JA, Magalhães-Soares DF, Goulart LR, Coelho EA. Antigenicity of phage clones and their synthetic peptides for the serodiagnosis of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis. Microb Pathog 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
9
|
Importance of serological cross-reactivity among Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia spp., Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp. and Besnoitia besnoiti. Parasitology 2017; 144:851-868. [PMID: 28241894 PMCID: PMC5471829 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp., Hammondia spp. and Besnoitia besnoiti are genetically related cyst-forming coccidia. Serology is frequently used for the identification of T. gondii, Neospora spp. and B. besnoiti-exposed individuals. Serologic cross-reactions occur in different tests among animals infected with T. gondii and H. hammondi, as well as among animals infected by T. gondii and N. caninum. Infections caused by N. caninum and N. hughesi are almost indistinguishable by serology. Neospora caninum, B. besnoiti and Sarcocystis spp. infections in cattle show some degree of serologic cross-reactivity. Antibody cross-reactivity between Neospora spp. and H. heydorni-infected animals is suspected, but not proven to occur. We review serologic cross-reactivity among animals and/or humans infected with T. gondii, Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp., Hammondia spp. and B. besnoiti. Emphasis is laid upon antigens and serological methods for N. caninum diagnosis which were tested for cross-reactivity with related protozoa. Species-specific antigens, as well as stage-specific proteins have been identified in some of these parasites and have promising use for diagnosis and epidemiological surveys.
Collapse
|
10
|
Salles BCS, Costa LE, Alves PT, Dias ACS, Vaz ER, Menezes-Souza D, Ramos FF, Duarte MC, Roatt BM, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Tavares CAP, Gonçalves DU, Rocha RL, Goulart LR, Coelho EAF. Leishmania infantum mimotopes and a phage-ELISA assay as tools for a sensitive and specific serodiagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 87:219-225. [PMID: 27939286 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Serological methods used to diagnose visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are considered minimally invasive, but they present problems related with their sensitivity and/or specificity. In this study, a subtractive selection using the phage display technology against antibodies from healthy subjects living in endemic and non-endemic areas of disease, as well as from Chagas disease patients and those developing active VL, was developed. The aim of this study was to select bacteriophage-fused epitopes to be used in the serodiagnosis of human VL. Eight phage clones were selected after the bio-panning rounds, and their reactivity was evaluated in a phage-ELISA assay against a human serological panel. A wild-type clone and the recombinant K39-based immunochromatographic test were used as controls. In the results, it was shown that all clones showed an excellent performance to serologically identify VL patients, demonstrating the feasibility of the isolated phages for developing a specific and sensitive serodiagnosis of human VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz C S Salles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lourena E Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia T Alves
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana C S Dias
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emília R Vaz
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Roatt
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miguel A Chávez-Fumagalli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos A P Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise U Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Regina L Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Goulart
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California-Davis, 95616, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bastos LM, Macêdo AG, Silva MV, Santiago FM, Ramos ELP, Santos FAA, Pirovani CP, Goulart LR, Mineo TWP, Mineo JR. Toxoplasma gondii-Derived Synthetic Peptides Containing B- and T-Cell Epitopes from GRA2 Protein Are Able to Enhance Mice Survival in a Model of Experimental Toxoplasmosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:59. [PMID: 27313992 PMCID: PMC4888622 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis distributed all over the world, which the etiologic agent is an intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. This disease may cause abortions and severe diseases in many warm-blood hosts, including humans, particularly the immunocompromised patients. The parasite specialized secretory organelles, as micronemes, rhoptries and dense granules, are critical for the successful parasitism. The dense granule protein 2 (GRA2) is a parasite immunogenic protein secreted during infections and previous studies have been shown that this parasite component is crucial for the formation of intravacuolar membranous nanotubular network (MNN), as well as for secretion into the vacuole and spatial organization of the parasites within the vacuole. In the present study, we produced a monoclonal antibody to GRA2 (C3C5 mAb, isotype IgG2b), mapped the immunodominant epitope of the protein by phage display and built GRA2 synthetic epitopes to evaluate their ability to protect mice in a model of experimental infection. Our results showed that synthetic peptides for B- and T-cell epitopes are able to improve survival of immunized animals. In contrast with non-immunized animals, the immunized mice with both B- and T-cell epitopes had a better balance of cytokines and demonstrated higher levels of IL-10, IL-4 and IL-17 production, though similar levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were observed. The immunization with both B- and T-cell epitopes resulted in survival rate higher than 85% of the challenged mice. Overall, these results demonstrate that immunization with synthetic epitopes for both B- and T-cells from GRA2 protein can be more effective to protect against infection by T. gondii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Bastos
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil; Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Arlindo G Macêdo
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Murilo V Silva
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Santiago
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Eliezer L P Ramos
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Fabiana A A Santos
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Carlos P Pirovani
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Goulart
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Tiago W P Mineo
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - José R Mineo
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Costa LE, Salles BCS, Alves PT, Dias ACS, Vaz ER, Ramos FF, Menezes-Souza D, Duarte MC, Roatt BM, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Tavares CAP, Gonçalves DU, Rocha MOC, Goulart LR, Coelho EAF. New serological tools for improved diagnosis of human tegumentary leishmaniasis. J Immunol Methods 2016; 434:39-45. [PMID: 27090730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human tegumentary leishmaniasis (HTL), characterized by skin ulcers that may spread and cause dreadful and massive tissue destruction of the nose and mouth, is considered a neglected tropical disease, and it is a serious threat to global health due to its continuous expansion, favored by the lifecycle of its causative organism that is maintained in domestic animal reservoirs and anthropophilic sand fly species. Serodiagnosis of HTL is a great challenge due to many biological factors, including hampered specificity and/or sensitivity. This investigation addresses the unmet need for new diagnostic markers of HTL, and describes a simple platform to improve the serodiagnosis. A constrained conformational phage display random peptide library combined with a magnetic microsphere-based subtraction strategy was used to identify ligands with potential diagnostic applications. Six clones were selected against IgG antibodies from HTL patients, characterized by sequencing and confirmed by a phage-ELISA using sera from patients developing visceral leishmaniasis (n=20), Chagas disease (n=10), mucosal (n=30) and cutaneous (n=20) leishmaniasis; as well as from healthy subjects living in endemic (n=20) and non-endemic (n=30) areas of leishmaniasis. A wild-type M13-phage clone and a soluble Leishmania antigenic extract were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Three clones reached 100% sensitivity and specificity, without any cross-reactivity with sera from patients with leishmaniasis-related diseases. Briefly, we describe for the first time a set of serological markers based on three immunodominant mimotopes that showed 100% accuracy, and that could be used in a phage-ELISA assay for the HTL serodiagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourena E Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Beatriz C S Salles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia T Alves
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana C S Dias
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emília R Vaz
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Duarte
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Roatt
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Coltec, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miguel A Chávez-Fumagalli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos A P Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise U Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Manoel O C Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas s/n, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California-Davis, 95616 Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Review on the identification and role of Toxoplasma gondii antigenic epitopes. Parasitol Res 2015; 115:459-68. [PMID: 26581372 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4824-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite with a broad range of hosts, and it causes severe toxoplasmasis in both humans and animals. It is well known that the progression and severity of a disease depend on the immunological status of the host. Immunological studies on antigens indicate that antigens do not exert their functions through the entire protein molecule, but instead, specific epitopes are responsible for the immune response. Protein antigens not only contain epitope structures used by B, T, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), and NK cells to mediate immunological responses but can also contain structures that are unfavorable for protective immunity. Therefore, the study of antigenic epitopes from T. gondii has not only enhanced our understanding of the structure and function of antigens, the reactions between antigens and antibodies, and many other aspects of immunology but it also plays a significant role in the development of new diagnostic reagents and vaccines. In this review, we summarized the immune mechanisms induced by antigen epitopes and the latest advances in identifying T. gondii antigen epitopes. Particular attention was paid to the potential clinical usefulness of epitopes in this context. Through a critical analysis of the current state of knowledge, we elucidated the latest data concerning the biological effects of epitopes and the immune results aimed at the development of future epitope-based applications, such as vaccines and diagnostic reagents.
Collapse
|
14
|
Coelho EAF, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Costa LE, Tavares CAP, Soto M, Goulart LR. Theranostic applications of phage display to control leishmaniasis: selection of biomarkers for serodiagnostics, vaccination, and immunotherapy. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 48:370-9. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0096-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil; University of California-Davis, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Phage-fused epitopes fromLeishmania infantumused as immunogenic vaccines confer partial protection againstLeishmania amazonensisinfection. Parasitology 2015; 142:1335-47. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182015000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYTwo mimotopes ofLeishmania infantumidentified by phage display were evaluated as vaccine candidates in BALB/c mice againstLeishmania amazonensisinfection. The epitope-based immunogens, namely B10 and C01, presented as phage-fused peptides; were used without association of a Th1 adjuvant, and they were administered isolated or in combination into animals. Both clones showed a specific production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) afterin vitrospleen cells stimulation, and they were able to induce a partial protection against infection. Significant reductions of parasite load in the infected footpads, liver, spleen, bone marrow and paws’ draining lymph nodes were observed in the immunized mice, in comparison with the control groups (saline, saponin, wild-type and non-relevant clones). Protection was associated with an IL-12-dependent production of IFN-γ, mediated mainly by CD8+T cells, against parasite proteins. Protected mice also presented low levels of IL-4 and IL-10, as well as increased levels of parasite-specific IgG2a antibodies. The association of both clones resulted in an improved protection in relation to their individual use. More importantly, the absence of adjuvant did not diminish the cross-protective efficacy againstLeishmaniaspp. infection. This study describes for the first time two epitope-based immunogens selected by phage display technology againstL. infantuminfected dogs sera, which induced a partial protection in BALB/c mice infected withL. amazonensis.
Collapse
|
16
|
A conformational epitope mapped in the bovine herpesvirus type 1 envelope glycoprotein B by phage display and the HSV-1 3D structure. Res Vet Sci 2015; 101:34-7. [PMID: 26267086 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The selected dodecapeptide (1)DRALYGPTVIDH(12) from a phage-displayed peptide library and the crystal structure of the envelope glycoprotein B (Env gB) from Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) led us to the identification of a new discontinuous epitope on the Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) Env gB. In silico analysis revealed a short BoHV-1 gB motif ((338)YKRD(341)) within a epitope region, with a high similarity to the motifs shared by the dodecapeptide N-terminal region ((5)YxARD(1)) and HSV-1 Env gB ((326)YARD(329)), in which the (328)Arg residue is described to be a neutralizing antibody target. Besides the characterization of an antibody-binding site of the BoHV-1 Env gB, we have demonstrated that the phage-fused peptide has the potential to be used as a reagent for virus diagnosis by phage-ELISA assay, which discriminated BoHV-1 infected serum samples from negative ones.
Collapse
|
17
|
Costa LE, Goulart LR, Pereira NCDJ, Lima MIS, Duarte MC, Martins VT, Lage PS, Menezes-Souza D, Ribeiro TG, Melo MN, Fernandes AP, Soto M, Tavares CAP, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Coelho EAF. Mimotope-based vaccines of Leishmania infantum antigens and their protective efficacy against visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110014. [PMID: 25333662 PMCID: PMC4198211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of cost-effective prophylactic strategies to prevent leishmaniasis has become a high-priority. The present study has used the phage display technology to identify new immunogens, which were evaluated as vaccines in the murine model of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Epitope-based immunogens, represented by phage-fused peptides that mimic Leishmania infantum antigens, were selected according to their affinity to antibodies from asymptomatic and symptomatic VL dogs' sera. METHODOLOGY/MAIN FINDINGS Twenty phage clones were selected after three selection cycles, and were evaluated by means of in vitro assays of the immune stimulation of spleen cells derived from naive and chronically infected with L. infantum BALB/c mice. Clones that were able to induce specific Th1 immune response, represented by high levels of IFN-γ and low levels of IL-4 were selected, and based on their selectivity and specificity, two clones, namely B10 and C01, were further employed in the vaccination protocols. BALB/c mice vaccinated with clones plus saponin showed both a high and specific production of IFN-γ, IL-12, and GM-CSF after in vitro stimulation with individual clones or L. infantum extracts. Additionally, these animals, when compared to control groups (saline, saponin, wild-type phage plus saponin, or non-relevant phage clone plus saponin), showed significant reductions in the parasite burden in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and paws' draining lymph nodes. Protection was associated with an IL-12-dependent production of IFN-γ, mainly by CD8+ T cells, against parasite proteins. These animals also presented decreased parasite-mediated IL-4 and IL-10 responses, and increased levels of parasite-specific IgG2a antibodies. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study describes two phage clones that mimic L. infantum antigens, which were directly used as immunogens in vaccines and presented Th1-type immune responses, and that significantly reduced the parasite burden. This is the first study that describes phage-displayed peptides as successful immunogens in vaccine formulations against VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourena Emanuele Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Nathália Cristina de Jesus Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mayara Ingrid Sousa Lima
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Costa Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Tamietti Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula Sousa Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Gomes Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Norma Melo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Manuel Soto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alberto Pereira Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Triosephosphate isomerase of Taenia solium (TTPI): phage display and antibodies as tools for finding target regions to inhibit catalytic activity. Parasitol Res 2014; 114:55-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
19
|
Subtractive phage display selection from canine visceral leishmaniasis identifies novel epitopes that mimic Leishmania infantum antigens with potential serodiagnosis applications. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 21:96-106. [PMID: 24256622 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00583-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease that is endemic to Brazil, where dogs are the main domestic parasite reservoirs, and the percentages of infected dogs living in regions where canine VL (CVL) is endemic have ranged from 10% to 62%. Despite technological advances, some problems have been reported with CVL serodiagnosis. The present study describes a sequential subtractive selection through phage display technology from polyclonal antibodies of negative and positive sera that resulted in the identification of potential bacteriophage-fused peptides that were highly sensitive and specific to antibodies of CVL. A negative selection was performed in which phage clones were adhered to purified IgGs from healthy and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected dogs to eliminate cross-reactive phages. The remaining supernatant nonadhered phages were submitted to positive selection against IgG from the blood serum of dogs that were infected with Leishmania infantum. Phage clones that adhered to purified IgGs from the CVL-infected serum samples were selected. Eighteen clones were identified and their reactivities tested by a phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (phage-ELISA) against the serum samples from infected dogs (n = 31) compared to those from vaccinated dogs (n = 21), experimentally infected dogs with cross-reactive parasites (n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 17). Eight clones presented sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 100%, and they showed no cross-reactivity with T. cruzi- or Ehrlichia canis-infected dogs or with dogs vaccinated with two different commercial CVL vaccines in Brazil. Our study identified eight mimotopes of L. infantum antigens with 100% accuracy for CVL serodiagnosis. The use of these mimotopes by phage-ELISA proved to be an excellent assay that was reproducible, simple, fast, and inexpensive, and it can be applied in CVL-monitoring programs.
Collapse
|
20
|
Víctor SA, Yolanda MF, Araceli ZC, Lucía J, Abraham L. Characterization of a monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits triosephosphate isomerase activity of Taenia solium. Exp Parasitol 2013; 134:495-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
21
|
Macêdo AG, Cunha JP, Cardoso THS, Silva MV, Santiago FM, Silva JS, Pirovani CP, Silva DAO, Mineo JR, Mineo TWP. SAG2A protein from Toxoplasma gondii interacts with both innate and adaptive immune compartments of infected hosts. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:163. [PMID: 23735002 PMCID: PMC3706231 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that causes relevant clinical disease in humans and animals. Several studies have been performed in order to understand the interactions between proteins of the parasite and host cells. SAG2A is a 22 kDa protein that is mainly found in the surface of tachyzoites. In the present work, our aim was to correlate the predicted three-dimensional structure of this protein with the immune system of infected hosts. Methods To accomplish our goals, we performed in silico analysis of the amino acid sequence of SAG2A, correlating the predictions with in vitro stimulation of antigen presenting cells and serological assays. Results Structure modeling predicts that SAG2A protein possesses an unfolded C-terminal end, which varies its conformation within distinct strain types of T. gondii. This structure within the protein shelters a known B-cell immunodominant epitope, which presents low identity with its closest phyllogenetically related protein, an orthologue predicted in Neospora caninum. In agreement with the in silico observations, sera of known T. gondii infected mice and goats recognized recombinant SAG2A, whereas no serological cross-reactivity was observed with samples from N. caninum animals. Additionally, the C-terminal end of the protein was able to down-modulate pro-inflammatory responses of activated macrophages and dendritic cells. Conclusions Altogether, we demonstrate herein that recombinant SAG2A protein from T. gondii is immunologically relevant in the host-parasite interface and may be targeted in therapeutic and diagnostic procedures designed against the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlindo G Macêdo
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr, Mário Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av, Pará 1720-Bloco 4C, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38.400-902, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tonelli RR, Colli W, Alves MJM. Selection of binding targets in parasites using phage-display and aptamer libraries in vivo and in vitro. Front Immunol 2013; 3:419. [PMID: 23316203 PMCID: PMC3540409 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasite infections are largely dependent on interactions between pathogen and different host cell populations to guarantee a successful infectious process. This is particularly true for obligatory intracellular parasites as Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, and Leishmania, to name a few. Adhesion to and entry into the cell are essential steps requiring specific parasite and host cell molecules. The large amount of possible involved molecules poses additional difficulties for their identification by the classical biochemical approaches. In this respect, the search for alternative techniques should be pursued. Among them two powerful methodologies can be employed, both relying upon the construction of highly diverse combinatorial libraries of peptides or oligonucleotides that randomly bind with high affinity to targets on the cell surface and are selectively displaced by putative ligands. These are, respectively, the peptide-based phage display and the oligonucleotide-based aptamer techniques. The phage display technique has been extensively employed for the identification of novel ligands in vitro and in vivo in different areas such as cancer, vaccine development, and epitope mapping. Particularly, phage display has been employed in the investigation of pathogen–host interactions. Although this methodology has been used for some parasites with encouraging results, in trypanosomatids its use is, as yet, scanty. RNA and DNA aptamers, developed by the SELEX process (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment), were described over two decades ago and since then contributed to a large number of structured nucleic acids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes or for the understanding of the cell biology. Similarly to the phage display technique scarce use of the SELEX process has been used in the probing of parasite–host interaction. In this review, an overall survey on the use of both phage display and aptamer technologies in different pathogenic organisms will be discussed. Using these techniques, recent results on the interaction of Trypanosoma cruzi with the host will be highlighted focusing on members of the 85 kDa protein family, a subset of the gp85/TS superfamily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R R Tonelli
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ferreira Júnior Á, Santiago FM, Silva MV, Ferreira FB, Macêdo Júnior AG, Mota CM, Faria MS, Filho HHS, Silva DAO, Cunha-Júnior JP, Mineo JR, Mineo TWP. Production, characterization and applications for Toxoplasma gondii-specific polyclonal chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40391. [PMID: 22808150 PMCID: PMC3395712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Toxoplasma gondii may cause abortions, ocular and neurological disorders in warm-blood hosts. Immunized mammals are a wide source of hyperimmune sera used in different approaches, including diagnosis and the study of host-parasite interactions. Unfortunately, mammalian antibodies present limitations for its production, such as the necessity for animal bleeding, low yield, interference with rheumatoid factor, complement activation and affinity to Fc mammalian receptors. IgY antibodies avoid those limitations; therefore they could be an alternative to be applied in T. gondii model. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study we immunized hens with soluble tachyzoite antigens of T. gondii (STAg) and purified egg yolk antibodies (IgY) by an inexpensive and simple method, with high yield and purity degree. IgY anti-STAg antibodies presented high avidity and were able to recognize a broad range of parasite antigens, although some marked differences were observed in reactivity profile between antibodies produced in immunized hens and mice. Interestingly, IgY antibodies against Neospora caninum and Eimeria spp. did not react to STAg. We also show that IgY antibodies were suitable to detect T. gondii forms in paraffin-embedded sections and culture cell monolayers. Conclusions/Significance Due to its cost-effectiveness, high production yield and varied range of possible applications, polyclonal IgY antibodies are useful tools for studies involving T. gondii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Ferreira Júnior
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M. Santiago
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Murilo V. Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia B. Ferreira
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arlindo G. Macêdo Júnior
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Caroline M. Mota
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus S. Faria
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hercílio H. Silva Filho
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Deise A. O. Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jair P. Cunha-Júnior
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José R. Mineo
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tiago W. P. Mineo
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Santana SS, Silva DAO, Vaz LD, Pirovani CP, Barros GB, Lemos EM, Dietze R, Mineo JR, Cunha-Junior JP. Analysis of IgG subclasses (IgG1 and IgG3) to recombinant SAG2A protein from Toxoplasma gondii in sequential serum samples from patients with toxoplasmosis. Immunol Lett 2012; 143:193-201. [PMID: 22387296 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the humoral immune response was evaluated using the recombinant SAG2A protein comparatively to soluble Toxoplasma antigen (STAg) by ELISA in sequential serum samples of patients with toxoplasmosis up to 12 months of illness onset. The follow up of IgM and IgA levels to STAg showed a gradual decrease, with the majority of patients (88%) seropositive for IgM up to 12 months of infection, whereas IgA seropositivity was relatively low (78%) compared to IgM (100%) in the first 3 months of infection. The follow up of IgG and IgG1 antibodies showed a similar increasing profile for both SAG2A and STAg, with slightly higher seropositivity for STAg. The kinetics of IgG3 to STAg was similar to that of IgG1, contrasting with the kinetics of IgG3 to SAG2A that showed high levels up to 6 months of infection, with continuous decreasing over the time. Higher IgG3 seropositivity to SAG2A than STAg was also observed in the initial phases of infection. A higher IgG3/IgG1 ratio for SAG2A than STAg was detected in the first 3 months of infection, with decreasing profile over the time. The associations of IgG3/IgG1 ratio>1.0 with positive IgM or IgA antibodies were predominantly found in the first 3 months of infection, whereas associations of IgG3/IgG1 ratio<1.0 with positive IgM or negative IgA antibodies were mostly observed from 3 to 12 months of infection. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a differential kinetics of IgG3 antibodies to SAG2A and STAg in patients with toxoplasmosis up to 12 months of infection. Also, the IgG3/IgG1 ratio to SAG2A in association with classical serological markers of acute phase could be potential tools to distinguish early acute from convalescent phases of Toxoplasma gondii infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silas S Santana
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Prudencio CR, Rodrigues AAR, Cardoso R, Souza GRLD, Szabó MPJ, Goulart LR. Cutaneous hypersensitivity test to evaluate phage display anti-tick borne vaccine antigen candidates. Exp Parasitol 2011; 129:388-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
26
|
Prudencio CR, Rodrigues AAR, Cardoso R, Szabó MPJ, Goulart LR. Antigen fingerprinting of polyclonal antibodies raised in immunized chickens with tick total proteins: a reservoir for the discovery of novel antigens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:1027-36. [PMID: 21844329 DOI: 10.1177/1087057111414901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Identification of tick-protective antigens remains the limiting step in vaccine development. The authors have generated several B cell epitope candidates by fingerprinting Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus proteins that were characterized through bioselection of random peptide phage display libraries against polyclonal antibodies antitick proteins. From 280 clones selected and sequenced, 107 distinct reactive clones were validated by dot-blot assays. Eight consensus motifs were generated, and the most frequent ones were PXXKXH, NXXKXXL, and HTS (68.2%, 65%, and 42%, respectively). The consensus sequences identified potential vaccine targets by alignment with the protein database of R. microplus, which may have putative roles in the host response. Sequences that did not align with known proteins but shared extensive homology among each other were classified as conformational epitopes. Sequence alignments also recognized multiple targets, and the most predominant proteins were identified. Finally, immunized mice sera recognized tick proteins, demonstrating that functional epitope profiles can be identified through selection of phage-displayed peptide libraries with hyperimmune sera and revealing that the epitope-displaying phages can be used as potential vaccine immunogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Roberto Prudencio
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huang J, Ru B, Dai P. Bioinformatics resources and tools for phage display. Molecules 2011; 16:694-709. [PMID: 21245805 PMCID: PMC6259106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16010694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Databases and computational tools for mimotopes have been an important part of phage display study. Five special databases and eighteen algorithms, programs and web servers and their applications are reviewed in this paper. Although these bioinformatics resources have been widely used to exclude target-unrelated peptides, characterize small molecules-protein interactions and map protein-protein interactions, a lot of problems are still waiting to be solved. With the improvement of these tools, they are expected to serve the phage display community better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Recombinant peptides as new immunogens for the control of the bovine tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Vet Parasitol 2010; 172:122-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|