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Ma J, Wang J, Wan Y, Wang S, Jiang C. Probiotic-fermented traditional Chinese herbal medicine, a promising approach to maintaining the intestinal microecology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118815. [PMID: 39270882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHM) have been extensively used in China and other East and Southeast Asian countries. Due to the low content of bioactive components in most TCHM and the potential toxicity of some herbal ingredients to humans, researchers have turned to probiotic fermentation to enhance the efficacy, mitigate the toxic or side effects and improve the taste of TCHM. Both probiotics and certain TCHM benefit the intestinal microbiota and intestinal barrier of human body, demonstrating synergistic effects on in intestinal microecology. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide an overview of the development of fermentation technology, commonly used probiotic strains for TCHM fermentation, the advantages of probiotic fermentation and the challenges and limitations of probiotic-fermented TCHM. Additionally, it summarises and discusses the impact of probiotic-fermented TCHM on the intestinal barrier and microbiota, as well as the possible mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS An extensive search of primary literature was conducted using various databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Elsevier, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, CNKI, and others. All the plant names have been checked with World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org) on August 7, 2024. RESULTS The literature mentioned above was analyzed and summarized comprehensively. Probiotic-fermented TCHM can improve the intestinal barrier, modulate gut microbiota, and maintain homeostasis of the intestinal microecology. Modulating intestinal microecology by probiotic-fermented TCHM may be a crucial mechanism for its beneficial effects. CONCLUSIONS This article establishes a theoretical basis for further research on the relationship between probiotic-fermented TCHM and the intestinal microecology, with the hope of inspiring innovative concepts for the development of TCHM and exploring the potential of probiotic-fermented TCHM as a promising strategy for maintaining intestinal microecological balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, PR China.
| | - Junrui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610017, PR China
| | - Yujun Wan
- Sichuan Food Fermentation Industry Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, PR China
| | - Changqing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, PR China
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Vijayaram S, Razafindralambo H, Ghafarifarsani H, Sun YZ, Hoseinifar SH, Van Doan H. Synergetic response on herbal and probiotic applications: a review. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1315-1329. [PMID: 38411877 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Herbs and their by-products are important traditional medicines and food supplements; they provide numerous beneficial effects for animals. Consequently, probiotics are living cell organisms, nontoxic, and friendly microbes. Probiotics have numerous beneficial activities such as inhibition of pathogens, enhancement of the immune system, growth, disease resistance, improving water quality, reducing toxic effects, synthesis of vitamins, prevention of cancer, reduction of irritable bowel syndrome, and more positive responses in animals. Herbal and probiotic combinations have more active responses and produce new substances to enhance beneficial responses in animals. Herbal and probiotic mixture report is still limited applications for animals. However, the mechanisms by which they interact with the immune system and gut microbiota in animals are largely unclear. This review provides some information on the effect of herbal and probiotic blend on animals. This review discusses current research advancements to fulfill research gaps and promote effective and healthy animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seerengaraj Vijayaram
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hary Razafindralambo
- ProBioLab, Campus Universitaire de La Faculté de Gembloux AgroBio Tech/Université de Liège, B5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Functional Feed Innovation Center (FuncFeed), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Lin Y, Yao G, Huang C, Chao Z, Tian E. Molecular evidence provides new insights into the evolutionary origin of an ancient traditional Chinese medicine, the domesticated "Baizhi". FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1388586. [PMID: 38779069 PMCID: PMC11110842 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1388586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Introduction "Baizhi" is a famous herbal medicine in China, and it includes four landraces named as 'Hangbaizhi', 'Chuanbaizhi', 'Qibaizhi', and 'Yubaizhi'. Long-term artificial selection had caused serious degradation of these germplasms. Determining the wild progenitor of the landraces would be benefit for their breed improvements. Previous studies have suggested Angelica dahurica var. dahurica, A. dahurica var. formosana, or A. porphyrocaulis as potential candidates, but the conclusion remains uncertain, and their phylogenetic relationships are still in controversy. Methods In this study, the genetic variation and phylogenetic analyses of these species and four landraces were conducted on the basis of both the nrITS and plastome datasets. Results Genetic variation analysis showed that all 8 population of four landraces shared only one ITS haplotype, meanwhile extremely low variation occurred within 6 population at plastid genome level. Both datasets supported the four landraces might be originated from a single wild germplasm. Phylogenetic analyses with both datasets revealed largely consistent topology using Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood methods. Samples of the four landraces and all wild A. dahurica var. dahurica formed a highly supported monophyletic clade, and then sister to the monophyly clade comprised by samples of A. porphyrocaulis, while four landraces were clustered into one clade, which further clustered with a mixed branches of A. porphyrocaulis and A. dahurica var. dahurica to form sister branches for plastid genomes. Furthermore, the monophyletic A. dahurica var. formosana was far distant from the A. dahurica var. dahurica-"Baizhi" clade in Angelica phylogeny. Such inferences was also supported by the evolutionary patterns of nrITS haplotype network and K2P genetic distances. The outcomes indicated A. dahurica var. dahurica is most likely the original plant of "Baizhi". Discussion Considering of phylogenetic inference and evolutionary history, the species-level status of A. dahurica var. formosana should be accepted, and the taxonomic level and phylgenetic position of A. porphyrocaulis should be further confirmed. This study preliminarily determined the wild progenitor of "Baizhi" and clarified the phylogenetic relationships among A. dahurica var. dahurica, A. dahurica var. formosana and A. porphyrocaulis, which will provide scientific guidance for wild resources protections and improvement of "Baizhi".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Yao
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiu Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enwei Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Stanek-Wandzel N, Zarębska M, Wasilewski T, Hordyjewicz-Baran Z, Zajszły-Turko E, Tomaka M, Bujak T, Ziemlewska A, Nizioł-Łukaszewska Z. Kombucha fermentation as a modern way of processing vineyard by-products into cosmetic raw materials. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:834-850. [PMID: 37605308 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The wine industry generates large quantities of by-products presenting a remarkably valuable composition in phytochemicals. The process that can significantly increase the content of bioactive compounds is fermentation by yeast and other microorganisms. The current study presents, for the first time, an evaluation of the potential of grape stems extract and its ferments using the Scoby consortium, as a cosmetic raw material for improving the skin care properties of facial cosmetics. METHODS Fermentation of grape stems using Scoby consortium was carried out for 10 and 20 days. Unfermented and fermented extracts were analysed for their antioxidant activity and chemical composition, with a particular emphasis on biologically active substances. Additionally, the influence of the addition of the obtained ferments to the model cosmetic creams on hydration, transepidermal water loss and skin pH were assessed. RESULTS The obtained results revealed that grape stems extract and its ferments are a rich source of phenolic compounds and show antioxidant activity, with the highest values observed for extracts on the 20th day of fermentation. Furthermore, the addition of the extract, as well as ferment, to the cream has a positive effect on skin hydration and reduces transepidermal water loss. CONCLUSION These results suggest that grape stem extracts are a prospective source of active compounds that may be valuable ingredients for the cosmetic industry. Unfermented and fermented extracts can be used in moisturizing cosmetic formulations and also to complement the treatment of dry and sensitive skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Stanek-Wandzel
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zarębska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wasilewski
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
- COSMEDCHEM, Radom, Poland
| | - Zofia Hordyjewicz-Baran
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
| | - Ewa Zajszły-Turko
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tomaka
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bujak
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Ziemlewska
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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Li Y, Lei Z, Guo Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Wang X, Che J, Yuan J, Wang C, Li M. Fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum and Raphani Semen with a probiotic mixture attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression through microbiota-dependent or -independent regulation of intestinal mucosal barrier and immune responses. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155082. [PMID: 37722243 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic fermentation is a promising strategy for improving the nutritional and functional properties of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Ganoderma lucidum and Raphani Semen are famous TCMs that have been shown to help alleviate immune system disorders. However, few studies have experimentally investigated the effects of probiotic-fermented G.lucidum and Raphani Semen on the immune system. PURPOSE We established the in vitro fermentation of G. lucidum and Raphani Semen with a probiotic mixture (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and l. fermentum) (GRFB), investigated its ameliorating effect against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression, and explored its possible mechanisms. METHODS First, the different components in GRFB were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Second, its immune-stimulatory activities were evaluated in CTX-treated mice. Lastly, its possible in vitro and in vivo mechanisms were studied. RESULTS Probiotic fermentation of G. lucidum and Raphani Semen altered some of its chemical constituents, potentially helping improve the ability of GRFB to alleviate immunosuppression. As expected, GRFB effectively ameliorated CTX-induced immunosuppression by increasing the number of splenic lymphocytes and regulating the secretion of serum and ileum cytokines. GRFB supplementation also effectively improved intestinal integrity in CTX-treated mice by upregulating tight junction proteins. It also protects against CTX-induced intestinal dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria. GRFB could directly promote intestinal immunity but not systemic immunity in vitro, suggesting a microbiota-dependent regulation of GRFB. Interestingly, cohousing CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice with GRFB-treated mice promoted their symptoms recovery. Enhanced CTX-induced immunosuppression by GRFB in vitro depended on the gut microbiota. Remarkably, a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the GRFB-reprogrammed microbiota was significantly enriched in DNA damage repair pathways, which contribute to repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. CONCLUSION This is the first study to suggest that compare with unfermented G. lucidum and Raphani Semen, GRFB can more effectively promote intestinal immunity and manipulate the gut microbiota to promote immunostimulatory activity and repair immunosuppression-induced intestinal barrier damage by biotransforming G.lucidum and Raphani Semen components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zengjie Lei
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuling Guo
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiujie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jian Che
- Aim Honesty Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Dalian, China
| | - Jieli Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, China.
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Wang GH, Huang CT, Huang HJ, Tang CH, Chung YC. Biological Activities of Citrus aurantium Leaf Extract by Optimized Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction. Molecules 2023; 28:7251. [PMID: 37959671 PMCID: PMC10649195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have explored the biological activities of Citrus aurantium flowers, fruits, and seeds, but the bioactivity of C. aurantium leaves, which are treated as waste, remains unclear. Thus, this study developed a pilot-scale ultrasonic-assisted extraction process using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) for the optimized extraction of active compounds from C. aurantium leaves, and their antityrosinase, antioxidant, antiaging, and antimicrobial activities were evaluated. Under optimal conditions in a 150× scaleup configuration (a 30 L ultrasonic machine) of a pilot plant, the total phenolic content was 69.09 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight, which was slightly lower (3.17%) than the theoretical value. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of C. aurantium leaf extract (CALE) for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)-scavenging, antityrosinase, anticollagenase, antielastase and anti-matrix metalloprotein-1 activities were 123.5, 58.5, 181.3, 196.4, 216.3, and 326.4 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the minimal inhibitory concentrations for bacteria and fungi were 150-350 and 500 mg/L, respectively. In total, 17 active compounds were detected in CALE-with linalool, linalyl acetate, limonene, and α-terpineol having the highest concentrations. Finally, the overall transdermal absorption and permeation efficiency of CALE was 95.9%. In conclusion, our CALE demonstrated potential whitening, antioxidant, antiaging, and antimicrobial activities; it was also nontoxic and easily absorbed into the skin as well as inexpensive to produce. Therefore, it has potential applications in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guey-Horng Wang
- Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals Engineering, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361008, China
| | - Chun-Ta Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 115311, Taiwan (C.-H.T.)
| | - Hsiu-Ju Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 115311, Taiwan (C.-H.T.)
| | - Chi-Hsiang Tang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 115311, Taiwan (C.-H.T.)
| | - Ying-Chien Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 115311, Taiwan (C.-H.T.)
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Gu DR, Yang H, Kim SC, Hwang YH, Ha H. Water Extract of Angelica dahurica Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14715. [PMID: 37834161 PMCID: PMC10572401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica dahurica radix has a long history of traditional use in China and Korea for treating headaches, cold-damp pain and skin diseases. Despite various pharmacological studies on A. dahurica, its impact on bones remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the inhibitory effect of A. dahurica's radix water extract (WEAD) on osteoclast differentiation. In vitro experiments showed that WEAD effectively suppresses osteoclast differentiation. Treatment of an osteoclast precursor with WEAD significantly suppressed the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), essential transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis, while increasing the expression of negative regulators, interferon regulatory factor 8 (Irf8) and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB). Consistent with the in vitro findings, the oral administration of WEAD (100 and 300 mg/kg/day) to mice subjected to surgical ovariectomy for a duration of six weeks alleviated bone loss, while also mitigating weight gain and liver fat accumulation. In addition, we also identified phytochemicals present in WEAD, known to regulate osteoclastogenesis and/or bone loss. These results suggest the potential use of WEAD for treating various bone disorders caused by excessive bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ryun Gu
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (D.R.G.)
| | - Hyun Yang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (D.R.G.)
| | - Seong Cheol Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (D.R.G.)
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (D.R.G.)
- Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Ha
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (D.R.G.)
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Zhang X, Miao Q, Pan C, Yin J, Wang L, Qu L, Yin Y, Wei Y. Research advances in probiotic fermentation of Chinese herbal medicines. IMETA 2023; 2:e93. [PMID: 38868438 PMCID: PMC10989925 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) have been used to cure diseases for thousands of years. However, the bioactive ingredients of CHM are complex, and some CHM natural products cannot be directly absorbed by humans and animals. Moreover, the contents of most bioactive ingredients in CHM are low, and some natural products are toxic to humans and animals. Fermentation of CHM could enhance CHM bioactivities and decrease the potential toxicities. The compositions and functions of the microorganisms play essential roles in CHM fermentation, which can affect the fermentation metabolites and pharmaceutical activities of the final fermentation products. During CHM fermentation, probiotics not only increase the contents of bioactive natural products, but also are beneficial for the host gut microbiota and immune system. This review summarizes the advantages of fermentation of CHM using probiotics, fermentation techniques, probiotic strains, and future development for CHM fermentation. Cutting-edge microbiome and synthetic biology tools would harness microbial cell factories to produce large amounts of bioactive natural products derived from CHM with low-cost, which would help speed up modern CHM biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Food Laboratory of ZhongyuanZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Qin Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Food Laboratory of ZhongyuanZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chengxue Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Food Laboratory of ZhongyuanZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jia Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life ScienceHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Leli Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life ScienceHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Food Laboratory of ZhongyuanZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Yongjun Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Food Laboratory of ZhongyuanZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources IndustrializationNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
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Zhao S, Shan C, Wu Z, Feng M, Song L, Wang Y, Gao Y, Guo J, Sun X. Fermented Chinese herbal preparation: Impacts on milk production, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant capacity of late-lactation cows under heat stress. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Submerged fermentation with Lactobacillus brevis significantly improved the physiological activities of Citrus aurantium flower extract. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10498. [PMID: 36097484 PMCID: PMC9463378 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Majchrzak W, Motyl I, Śmigielski K. Biological and Cosmetical Importance of Fermented Raw Materials: An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154845. [PMID: 35956792 PMCID: PMC9369470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cosmetics industry is currently looking for innovative ingredients with higher bioactivity and bioavailability for the masses of natural and organic cosmetics. Bioferments are innovative ingredients extracted from natural raw materials by carrying out a fermentation process with appropriate strains of microorganisms. The review was conducted using the SciFinder database with the keywords “fermented plant”, “cosmetics”, and “fermentation”. Mainly bioferments are made from plant-based raw materials. The review covers a wide range of fermented raw materials, from waste materials (whey with beet pulp) to plant oils (F-Shiunko, F-Artemisia, F-Glycyrrhiza). The spectrum of applications for bioferments is broad and includes properties such as skin whitening, antioxidant properties (blackberry, soybean, goji berry), anti-aging (red ginseng, black ginseng, Citrus unshiu peel), hydrating, and anti-allergic (aloe vera, skimmed milk). Fermentation increases the biochemical and physiological activity of the substrate by converting high-molecular compounds into low-molecular structures, making fermented raw materials more compatible compared to unfermented raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Majchrzak
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Interdisciplinary Doctoral School, Lodz University of Technology, 171/173 Wólczańska Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-631-34-92
| | - Ilona Motyl
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 171/173 Wólczańska Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (I.M.); (K.Ś.)
| | - Krzysztof Śmigielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 171/173 Wólczańska Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (I.M.); (K.Ś.)
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Zhao H, Feng YL, Wang M, Wang JJ, Liu T, Yu J. The Angelica dahurica: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896637. [PMID: 35847034 PMCID: PMC9283917 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica dahurica (A. dahurica) root is a famous edible medicinal herb that has been used in China for thousands of years. To date, more than 300 chemical constituents have been discovered from A. dahurica. Among these ingredients, coumarins and volatile oils are the major active compounds. Moreover, a few other compounds have also been isolated from the root of A. dahurica, such as alkaloids, phenols, sterols, benzofurans, polyacetylenes and polysaccharides. Modern pharmacological studies demonstrated that the root of A. dahurica and its active components displayed various bioactivities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, analgesic activity, antiviral and anti-microbial effects, effects on the cardiovascular system, neuroprotective function, hepatoprotective activity, effects on skin diseases and so on. Based on these studies, this review focused on the research publications of A. dahurica and aimed to summarize the advances in the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology which will provide reference for the further studies and applications of A. dahurica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Xi’an, China
| | - Ya-Long Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Yu,
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Zhu C, Wang M, Guo J, Su SL, Yu G, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Tang Z. Angelica dahurica Extracts Attenuate CFA-Induced Inflammatory Pain via TRPV1 in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:4684830. [PMID: 35656472 PMCID: PMC9152374 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4684830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Angelica dahurica, belonging to the family Apiaceae, is a well-known herbal medicine. The roots of Angelica dahurica are commonly used for the treatment of headache, toothache, abscess, furunculosis, and acne. However, little is known about their analgesic molecular mechanism underlying pain relief. In this study, we used behavioral tests to assess the analgesic effect of the ADE (Angelica dahurica extracts) on CFA (complete Freund's adjuvant)-induced inflammatory pain mice models. TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 1) protein activity in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was assessed with a calcium imaging assay. TRPV1 expression was detected with western blot and immunohistochemistry. Then, we examined the constituents of ADE using combined ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-light mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Our results showed that ADE effectively attenuated mechanical and thermal hypersensitivities in CFA-induced inflammatory pain model in mice. ADE also significantly reduced the activity and the protein expression of TRPV1 in DRG from CFA mice. Therefore, ADE might be an attractive and suitable analgesic agent for the management of chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Zhu
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meiyuan Wang
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu Lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guang Yu
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xu H, Sun J, Zhao Z, Ma X, Li C, Liu L, Zhang G. Lactobacillus plantarum
ZLC‐18 fermentation improve tyrosinase inhibition activity and antioxidant capacity in soybean hulls. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanxue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Jinwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Product Research and Development Center Newhopedairy Co., Ltd Chengdu China
| | - Zifu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Inner Mongolia Yili Group Co Ltd, Hohhot China
| | - Xinkai Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
- Heilongjiang Green Food Research Institute Harbin China
| | - Libo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Sciences Ministry of Education College of Food Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
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Ziemlewska A, Nizioł-Łukaszewska Z, Zagórska-Dziok M, Bujak T, Wójciak M, Sowa I. Evaluation of Cosmetic and Dermatological Properties of Kombucha-Fermented Berry Leaf Extracts Considered to Be By-Products. Molecules 2022; 27:2345. [PMID: 35408743 PMCID: PMC9000515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Rubus fruticosus L., Vaccinum myrtillus L., Ribes nigrum L. and Fragaria vesca L. are considered agro-waste of the berry industry, but they can be a rich source of valuable bioactive compounds used in cosmetic industry. In this study, kombucha-fermented and non-fermented extracts were compared in terms of chemical composition and biological activity. Polyphenol compounds were identified by HPLC/DAD/ESI-MS. The antioxidant potential was analyzed by evaluating the scavenging of intracellular free radicals contained in keratinocytes and fibroblasts and by DPPH and ABTS assay, obtaining a higher radical scavenging capacity for the ferments, especially for R. fruticosus and V. myrtillus ferments. Assessment of the cytotoxicity on skin cell lines showed their positive effect on the viability of fibroblasts and keratinocytes (especially for the ferments after 10 days of fermentation). The potential anti-ageing properties were determined by their ability to inhibit the activity of metalloproteinases, obtaining almost 30% inhibition of collagenase and elastase in the case of fermented V. myrtillus. Moreover, when the samples were applied to the skin, the positive effect of ferments on skin hydration and pH was demonstrated, which indicates that kombucha berry leaf extracts may be an innovative cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ziemlewska
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland; (Z.N.-Ł.); (M.Z.-D.); (T.B.)
| | - Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland; (Z.N.-Ł.); (M.Z.-D.); (T.B.)
| | - Martyna Zagórska-Dziok
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland; (Z.N.-Ł.); (M.Z.-D.); (T.B.)
| | - Tomasz Bujak
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland; (Z.N.-Ł.); (M.Z.-D.); (T.B.)
| | - Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Raclawickie 1, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Raclawickie 1, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (I.S.)
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Liu SC, Sheu ML, Tsai YC, Lin YC, Chang CW, Lai DW. Attenuation of in vitro and in vivo melanin synthesis using a Chinese herbal medicine through the inhibition of tyrosinase activity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153876. [PMID: 34923233 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In traditional Chinese medicine, the skin reflects the health of body organs. A skin whitening agent, named seven whitening creams (also called Chi-Bai-San), has been used since ancient times in China. Chi-Bai-San reduces melanin and helps to reduce wrinkles. PURPOSE We aimed to determine the skin-whitening ability and safe dose of the seven compounds in Chi-Bai-San. STUDY DESIGN A common use for Chinese medicine is decocted in water. To mimic the function of Chi-Bai-San apply in clinical, we boiled all seven compound in water, respectively. These single recipe extractions and a mixture of these seven items were used in zebrafish embryo and B16F10 melanoma cell to identify the anti-melanogenesis function. METHODS Chi-Bai-San comprises Bai-Lian (Ampelopsis japonica), Bai-Ji (Bletilla striata), Bai-Zhi (Angelica dahurica), Bai-Zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala), Bai-Shau (Paeonia lactiflora), Fu-Ling (Wolfiporia cocos), and Jen-Ju-Fen (Pearl powder). All components were extracted by heating in distilled water. The supernatant was collected after centrifugation. The extracted components were introduced into zebrafish embryos at different doses to determine the safe dose. B16F10 melanoma cells were treated with the final dose of each component and the component mixture. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity were assessed in zebrafish and B16F10 cells. Chi-Bai-San and its components were exposed to α MSH-induced B16F10 cells, and detected for mechanism of anti-melanogenesis pathway. RESULTS Most compounds were not toxic at a low dose (0.1 mg/ml), except A. macrocephala, which resulted in a survival rate of only 30% at 72 hpf. The final dose of A. dahurica, P. lactiflora, W. cocos, and pearl was 1 mg/ml; that of A. japonica was 0.5 mg/ml; and that of A. macrocephala and B. striata was 0.1 mg/ml. Chi-Bai-San markedly decreased melanin content 37.47% in zebrafish embryos. Further, Chi-Bai-San abolished tyrosinase activity and MITF-mediated tyrosinase expression by down regulating the upstream transcription factors ZEB2, β-catenin, and CREB2 in α MSH-induced B16F10 cells. Additionally, Chi-Bai-San might reduce melanosome secretion from melanocytes. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that safety and efficacy of heat-extracted Chi-Bai-San, which can reduce αMSH-induced melanin production by inhibiting the key role of melogenic-related transcription factor and promote the synergic effect of seven types of traditional Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Tsai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Lin
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, College of Biotechnology & Bioresources, Da-Yeh University
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management
| | - De-Wei Lai
- Experimental Animal Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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17
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Anti-Pigmentary Natural Compounds and Their Mode of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126206. [PMID: 34201391 PMCID: PMC8226446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyper-activated melanocytes are the major cause of skin hyper-pigmentary disorders, such as freckles and melasma. Increasing efforts have been made to search for materials with depigmenting activity to develop functional cosmetics. As a result, numerous materials have been reported to have depigmenting activity but some of them are known to cause unwanted side effects. Consequently, anti-pigmentary natural compounds without concern of toxicity are in great demand. Virtually all sorts of natural sources have been investigated to find anti-pigmentary natural compounds. This review summarizes recently reported anti-pigmentary natural compounds and their mode of action from the ocean, plants, and bacteria.
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18
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Structural characteristics and in vitro and in vivo immunoregulatory properties of a gluco-arabinan from Angelica dahurica. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:90-100. [PMID: 33872613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide identified here as ADP80-2 was acquired from Angelica dahurica. ADP80-2 was a gluco-arabinan composed of arabinose and a trace of glucose with a molecular weight of 9950 g/mol. The backbone of ADP80-2 comprised →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3, 5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, with a terminal branch α-L-Araf-(1 → residue. In terms of immunoregulatory activity, ADP80-2 can significantly promote the phagocytosis, the production of nitric oxide (NO), and the secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) of macrophage. In addition to the cellular immunomodulatory activities, the chemokines related to immunoregulation were significantly increased in the zebrafish model after treated with ADP80-2. These biological results indicated that ADP80-2 with immunomodulatory effects was expected to be useful for the development of new immunomodulatory agents. Simultaneously, the discovery of ADP80-2 further revealed the chemical composition of A. dahurica used as a traditional Chinese medicine and spice.
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19
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Liu YQ, Xu CY, Liang FY, Jin PC, Qian ZY, Luo ZS, Qin RG. Selecting and Characterizing Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma Based on Spectrum-Activity Relationship and Molecular Docking. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:5596463. [PMID: 33954007 PMCID: PMC8060085 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5596463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma (AMR) is a famous classical Chinese traditional medicine (CTM), which has been used as a tonic for many diseases for thousands of years. In ancient China, it was used as a supplementary food for beauty in the palace. In preliminary studies, the function of whitening skin and the significant inhibiting effect on tyrosinase (TYR) which is the reactive enzyme in the composition of melanin of AMR were discovered, and the relevant research was rarely reported. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) along with partial least squares regression analysis (PLS) was applied to survey the coherence between the chemical constituents and the inhibiting activity of 11 batches of AMR on TYR activity. The results of PLS showed that the chromatographic peaks 11 (atractylenolide III) and 15 could be important effective ingredients of the inhibition TYR activity as ascertained by spectrum-activity relationships. Furthermore, TYR inhibitory activity of atractylenolide III was validated by in vitro test by β-arbutin served as a positive control drug. The results of the in vitro test and the molecular docking showed that atractylenolide III has high TYR inhibitory activity and could link to the residues in TYR catalytic pocket. Therefore, bioassay, molecular docking, and spectrum-activity relationships are appropriate for linking the quality of samples with pharmaceutical-related active ingredients. And our studying would lay a theoretical foundation for applying the water extracts of AMR in whitening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qin Liu
- Pharmacy School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Chang-Yan Xu
- Pharmacy School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fang-Yu Liang
- Pharmacy School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Pei-Chun Jin
- Pharmacy School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yao Qian
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhong-Sheng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Rong-Gui Qin
- Pharmacy School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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20
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Bai Y, Yang L, Zhang C, Yang Y. Studies on the Mechanism of Alloimperatorin on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of HeLa Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6617312. [PMID: 33897778 PMCID: PMC8052160 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6617312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alloimperatorin is a compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine (Angelica dahurica), which has exhibited anticancer activity. However, its precise molecular mechanism of anticancer remains unclear. Alloimperatorin-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer cells and its molecular mechanism were investigated in the present study. Cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) was employed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of alloimperatorin on HeLa, SiHa, and MS-751 cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis induced by alloimperatorin. The mechanism of apoptosis was verified by mitochondrial membrane potential, Western blotting, and fluorescent PCR. The results of the study showed that alloimperatorin reduced the activity of HeLa cells. The calculated IC50 at 48 hours was 116.9 μM. Compared with the control group, alloimperatorin increased the apoptotic rate of HeLa cells and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of HeLa cells. The Western blot results showed that alloimperatorin promotes the expression of caspase3, 8, 9 and that Bax apoptotic proteins reduce PARP expression, procaspase3, 8, 9, and BCL-2 proteins and reduces the cyt-c in the mitochondria expression. The results demonstrated that alloimperatorin can induce HeLa cell apoptosis through mitochondria and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Bai
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chaihong Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongxiu Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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21
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Lizardo RCM, Cho HD, Won YS, Seo KI. Fermentation with mono- and mixed cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum and L. casei enhances the phytochemical content and biological activities of cherry silverberry (Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb.) fruit. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:3687-3696. [PMID: 32246468 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactic acid fermentation has been widely used to improve the nutritional and functional properties of food products. Cherry silverberry (Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb.) is considered as an invasive plant species with known medicinal and functional properties. In this study, improvement of the biological activity and health benefits of cherry silverberry fruit through lactic acid fermentation was investigated. RESULTS Extracts of cherry silverberry fruits fermented by pure cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 33131 and L. casei KCTC 13086 exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and enhanced phytochemical content, antioxidant properties (DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, superoxide dismutase-like property and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity) and α-glucosidase and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity as compared with unfermented fruits. Despite a decrease in the specific phenolic acid contents among the fermented samples, the cherry silverberry fruit fermented by mixed cultures of L. plantarum and L. casei contained superior total polyphenols (3.78 ± 0.22 mg GAE g-1 ) and total (0.66 ± 0.12 mg QE g-1 ) and individual flavonoid contents in comparison with fruits fermented by single cultures and unfermented ones. Multivariate analysis also showed strong association among total phytochemical contents and biological activities. CONCLUSIONS This work has elucidated the effect of fermentation with L. plantarum KCTC 33131 and L. casei KCTC 13086 on the improvement of the physicochemical properties and biological activity of cherry silverberry fruit. It also revealed the potential application of fermented cherry silverberry in the production of food materials beneficial for health. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona Camille M Lizardo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Hyun Dong Cho
- Department of Food Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Yeong Seon Won
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Il Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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22
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Qi-activating quercetin alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:553-566. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Mellou F, Varvaresou A, Papageorgiou S. Renewable sources: applications in personal care formulations. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 41:517-525. [PMID: 31369686 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A global tendency for products considered environmentally sustainable, and ecologically obtained led the industry related to personal care formulations to fund the research and the development of personal care/cosmetics containing ingredients from natural resources. Furthermore, consumers are aware of environmental and sustainability issueans, thus not harming the environment represents a key consideration when developing a new cosmetic ingredient. In this study we review some examples of active ingredients or raw materials used in cosmetics/personal care/biomedical products that are coming from either through biotechnological systems, or as byproducts of several industries. A skin formulation containing biosynthetic actives, prepared by us and the study regarding its dermocosmetic properties are also described. The need for the standardization processes, the safety assessment tools, the improvement of the exploitation methods of these renewable sources in order the production to be ecologically and economically better are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mellou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridona 12210, Campus 1, Agiou Spyridonos 28, Athens, 12243, Greece
| | - A Varvaresou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridona 12210, Campus 1, Agiou Spyridonos 28, Athens, 12243, Greece
| | - S Papageorgiou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridona 12210, Campus 1, Agiou Spyridonos 28, Athens, 12243, Greece
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24
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Reque PM, Pinilla CMB, Tinello F, Corich V, Lante A, Giacomini A, Brandelli A. Biochemical and functional properties of wheat middlings bioprocessed by lactic acid bacteria. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13262. [PMID: 32361998 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the bioprocessing of wheat middlings with different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in order to improve biological activities of this by-product of wheat flour production. The concentration of lactic acid, reducing sugars, and total phenolics, as well as antioxidant, antibrowning, antibacterial and prebiotic activities of fermented samples were analyzed. All LAB strains were capable to growth on wheat middlings, and pH decreased in the medium associated with lactic acid production during cultivation. Samples inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum DSM20174 presented the maximum growth, lactic acid concentration above 2 mg/ml, and pH values around 3.8. The amount or reducing sugars decreased after 24 hr growth, except for maltose. Bioprocessed wheat middlings exhibited antioxidant, antibrowning, antibacterial, and prebiotic properties, related with the increase of total phenolic content. Highest values for antioxidant activities were obtained for L. plantarum and Streptococcus thermophilus strains, reaching values around 400 and 640 μM Trolox equivalents (TE) ml-1 for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively. Bioprocessing techniques using LAB can be an interesting approach to improve the availability of compounds with health-promoting properties from lignocellulosic waste material. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The processing of secondary products from wheat milling can represent an important benefit to the industry. Wheat middlings bioprocessed with LAB showed improved biological activities and may represent an interesting ingredient to be incorporated in food and feed formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Magro Reque
- Department of Food Science, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristian Mauricio Barreto Pinilla
- Department of Food Science, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Federica Tinello
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Viviana Corich
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Lante
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessio Giacomini
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Department of Food Science, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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25
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Hwangbo H, Choi EO, Kim MY, Kwon DH, Ji SY, Lee H, Hong SH, Kim GY, Hwang HJ, Hong SH, Choi YH. Suppression of tumor growth and metastasis by ethanol extract of Angelica dahurica Radix in murine melanoma B16F10 cells. Biosci Trends 2020; 14:23-34. [PMID: 32092745 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Angelica dahurica have long been used as a traditional medicine in Korea to treat various diseases such as toothache and cold. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethanol extract from the roots of this plant on metastatic melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, in B16F10 melanoma cells and B16F10 cell inoculated-C57BL/6 mice. Our results showed that the ethanol extracts of Angelicae dahuricae Radix (EEAD) suppressed cell growth and induced apoptotic cell death in B16F10 cells. EEAD also activated the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway, with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and ration of Bax/Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, EEAD reduced the migration, invasion, and colony formation of B16F10 cells through the reduced expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9. In addition, in vivo results demonstrated that oral administration of EEAD inhibited lactate dehydrogenase activity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity without weight loss in B16F10 cell inoculated-mice. Importantly, EEAD was able to markedly suppress lung hypertrophy, the incidence of B16F10 cells lung metastasis, and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in lung tissue. Taken together, our findings suggest that EEAD may be useful for managing metastasis and growth of malignant cancers, including melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hwangbo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Da Hye Kwon
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
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26
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Sensory-guided identification of bitter compounds in Hangbaizhi (Angelica Dahurica). Food Res Int 2020; 129:108880. [PMID: 32036877 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f. ex Franch. et Sav. cv. Hangbaizhi (Hangbaizhi) is not only used for the curative treatment of diseases such as the common cold and toothache, but also is an important spice that is used to increase the aroma and remove the unpleasant odor in many foods. Hangbaizhi has however, been reported to cause a bitter taste. In this study, the bitter compounds in Hangbaizhi after three common processes (boiling, frying and boiling after frying) were studied. Six bitter compounds (oxypeucedanin hydrate, bergapten, xanthotoxol, imperatorin, isoimpinellin and oxypeucedanin) were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection (DAD)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and sensory evaluation. The contribution of these bitter compounds was ranked by taste dilution analysis (TDA). Upon the assessment of methods to reduce the bitter flavor, it was found that baijiu (Chinese liquor) pretreatment was more effective than water-pretreatment.
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27
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Zolghadri S, Bahrami A, Hassan Khan MT, Munoz-Munoz J, Garcia-Molina F, Garcia-Canovas F, Saboury AA. A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:279-309. [PMID: 30734608 PMCID: PMC6327992 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1545767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multi-copper enzyme which is widely distributed in different organisms and plays an important role in the melanogenesis and enzymatic browning. Therefore, its inhibitors can be attractive in cosmetics and medicinal industries as depigmentation agents and also in food and agriculture industries as antibrowning compounds. For this purpose, many natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have been developed by different screening methods to date. This review has focused on the tyrosinase inhibitors discovered from all sources and biochemically characterised in the last four decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Asieh Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - J. Munoz-Munoz
- Group of Microbiology, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - F. Garcia-Molina
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - F. Garcia-Canovas
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Comparison and Identification of the Aroma-Active Compounds in the Root of Angelica dahurica. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234352. [PMID: 31795226 PMCID: PMC6930666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), purge and trap (P&T), stir bar sportive extraction (SBSE), and dynamic headspace sampling (DHS) were applied to extract, separate and analyze the volatile compounds in the roots of Hangbaizhi, Qibaizhi, and Bobaizhi and the GC-O-MS/MS (AEDA) was utilized for the quantification of key aroma compounds. Totals of 52, 54, and 43 aroma-active compounds extracted from the three samples by the four extraction methods were identified. Among these methods, the SPME effectively extracted the aroma compounds from the A. dahurica. Thus, using the SPME methods for quantitative analysis based on external standards and subsequent dilution analyses, totals of 20, 21, and 17 aroma compounds were detected in the three samples by the sniffing test, and sensory evaluations indicated that the aromas of A. dahurica included herb, spice, and woody. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the three kinds A. dahurica formed three separate groups, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that caryophyllene, (-)-β-elemene, nonanal, and β-pinene played an important role in the classification of A. dahurica.
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29
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Chen C, Chen Y, Huang W, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Wu W. Mining of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) loci and development of novel transferability-across EST-SSR markers from de novo transcriptome assembly of Angelica dahurica. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221040. [PMID: 31437239 PMCID: PMC6706007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica dahurica is a widely grown plant species with multiple uses, especially in the medical field. However, the frequent introduction of A. dahurica to new areas has made it difficult to distinguish between varieties. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) detected based on transcriptome analyses are very useful for constructing genetic maps and analyzing genetic diversity. They are also relevant for the molecular marker-assisted breeding of A. dahurica. We identified 33,724 genic SSR loci based on transcriptome sequencing data. A total of 114 primer pairs were designed for the SSR loci and were tested for their specificity and diversity. Ten SSR loci in untranslated regions were ultimately selected. Subsequently, 56 A. dahurica ecotypes collected from different regions were analyzed. The SSR loci comprised 2–8 alleles, with a mean of 5.2 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content value and Shannon’s information index were 0.6274–0.2702 (average of 0.4091) and 1.3040–0.5618 (average of 0.8475), respectively. Thus, the 10 novel SSRs identified in this study were almost in accordance with Harvey-Weinberg equilibrium and will be useful for analyzing A. dahurica genetic relationships. The results of this study confirm the potential value of transcriptome databases for the development of new SSR markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Youjun Chen
- Key Laborary of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (2017-ZJ-Y12), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Huang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yijie Jiang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail:
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30
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Anti-melanization effects and inhibitory kinetics of tyrosinase of bird's nest fern (Asplenium australasicum) frond extracts on melanoma and human skin. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:738-743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Evaluation of Tyrosinase Inhibitory, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antiaging Activities of Magnolia officinalis Extracts after Aspergillus niger Fermentation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5201786. [PMID: 30581856 PMCID: PMC6276509 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5201786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study intended to improve physiological characteristics of Magnolia officinalis bark (MOB) extracts by Aspergillus niger fermentation. M. officinalis bark was extracted using distilled water, 95% ethanol, and methanol, and it was then fermented by A. niger. The physiological characteristics of the fermented extracts, namely, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, and anti-skin-aging activity, were evaluated and compared with those of unfermented extracts. To determine the safety of the fermented extracts, their cytotoxicity was analyzed by measuring the cell viability of CCD-966SK and human epidermal melanocytes (HEMn) after exposure. The fermented methanol extract exhibited the highest antityrosinase activity, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. The total phenolic content of the extracts fermented by A. niger was 3.52 times greater than that of the unfermented extracts. The optimal IC50 values for tyrosinase inhibition and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) removal by the A. niger-fermented extracts were 30 and 12 μg/mL, respectively. The fermented methanol extracts inhibited skin-aging-related enzymes such as collagenase, elastase, MMP-1, and MMP-2. Compared with the unfermented extracts, the fermented extracts also contained greater antibacterial activity against tested stains including MRSA. These results could be attributed to an increase in the concentration of original active compounds and the biosynthesis of new compounds during fermentation. In cytotoxicity assays, the A. niger-fermented extracts were nontoxic to CCD-966SK cells, even at 500 μg/mL. Hence, in general, methanol-extracted M. officinalis fermented by A. niger for 72 h has the most active antioxidant, skincare, or antiaging compounds for healthy food or cosmetics applications.
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Jeong JS, Piao Y, Kang S, Son M, Kang YC, Du XF, Ryu J, Cho YW, Jiang HH, Oh MS, Hong SP, Oh YJ, Pak YK. Triple herbal extract DA-9805 exerts a neuroprotective effect via amelioration of mitochondrial damage in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15953. [PMID: 30374025 PMCID: PMC6206089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moutan cortex, Angelica Dahurica root, and Bupleurum root are traditional herbal medicines used in Asian countries to treat various diseases caused by oxidative stress or inflammation. Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, but no effective treatment for mitochondrial dysfunction has yet been identified. In this study we investigated the neuroprotective effects of the triple herbal extract DA-9805 in experimental models of PD. DA-9805 was prepared by extracting three dried plant materials (Moutan cortex, Angelica Dahurica root, and Bupleurum root in a 1:1:1 mixture) with 90% ethanol on a stirring plate for 24 h at room temperature and fingerprinted using high-performance liquid chromatography. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its active metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), which both exert neurotoxic effects on dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I, were used to make experimental models of PD. In MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, DA-9805 ameliorated the suppression of tyrosine hydroxylase expression and mitochondrial damage on OXPHOS complex 1 activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and oxygen consumption rate. In the MPTP-induced subacute PD model mice, oral administration of DA-9805 recovered dopamine content as well as bradykinesia, as determined by the rotarod test. DA-9805 protected against neuronal damage in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and striatum. In both in vitro and in vivo models of PD, DA-9805 normalized the phosphorylation of AKT at S473 and T308 on the insulin signaling pathway and the expression of mitochondria-related genes. These results demonstrate that the triple herbal extract DA-9805 showed neuroprotective effects via alleviating mitochondria damage in experimental models of PD. We propose that DA-9805 may be a suitable candidate for disease-modifying therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seok Jeong
- R&D Center of Dong-A ST, Yong-in, Kyungki-do, 17073, Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ying Piao
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Emergency, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, Jilin Province, 133000, China
| | - Sora Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Minuk Son
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Young Cheol Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Xiao Fei Du
- R&D Center of Dong-A ST, Yong-in, Kyungki-do, 17073, Korea
| | - Jayoung Ryu
- R&D Center of Dong-A ST, Yong-in, Kyungki-do, 17073, Korea
| | | | - Hai-Hua Jiang
- R&D Center of Dong-A ST, Yong-in, Kyungki-do, 17073, Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Seon-Pyo Hong
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Young J Oh
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Youngmi Kim Pak
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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Wang GH, Lin YM, Kuo JT, Lin CP, Chang CF, Hsieh MC, Cheng CY, Chung YC. Comparison of biofunctional activity of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. Extract before and after fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 127:59-65. [PMID: 30097404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Asparagus cochinchinensis root (ACR) is used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, ACR was first extracted with 25% ethyl acetate (EA) and then fermented by Aspergillus oryzae to enhance its antioxidant activity and evaluate its potential antityrosinase activity. The physiological activity and cytotoxicity of A. oryzae-fermented ACR extract, along with its antityrosinase activity and effects on melanogenic factor levels in human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs), were analyzed and compared with those of the unfermented extract. The results showed that the physiological activity of the fermented extract in vitro or in cells was significantly higher than that of the unfermented extract. The IC50 values for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and antityrosinase activity in vitro for the fermented extract were 250.6 ± 32.5, 25.7 ± 3.5, and 50.6 ± 3.1 mg/L, respectively. The fermented extract favored cellular antityrosinase activity with low melanin production in human melanoma cells compared with the unfermented extract. The inhibitory mechanism of melanin synthesis by unfermented extract was independent of the tested melanogenesis-related proteins. However, the inhibitory mechanism of the fermented extract was possibly caused by synergistic inhibition of these proteins. Thus, A. oryzae-fermented ACR extract may be used for developing new health food or cosmetic ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guey-Horng Wang
- Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals Engineering, Xiamen Medical College, No. 1999, Guankou Middle Rd., Jimei Dist., Xiamen City 361023, China.
| | - Yi-Min Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
| | - Jong-Tar Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Pei Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Feng Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Chi Hsieh
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Yu Cheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Chien Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, No. 245, Sec. 3, Academia Rd., Nangang Dist., Taipei City 11581, Taiwan.
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Liang WH, Chang TW, Charng YC. Effects of drying methods on contents of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of Angelica dahurica. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1085-1092. [PMID: 30263838 PMCID: PMC6085254 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Baizhi (Angelica dahurica) has been widely used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, functional food and cosmetic product ingredient, mostly because of the high furanocoumarin compounds in roots. Because the fresh root is perishable, drying techniques are needed to maintain a higher-quality product. Freeze-drying is the best method but energy-consuming and costly. The aim of this study was to analyze the quality (antioxidant and furanocoumarin content) of Baizhi roots after freeze-drying (the control) and in-the-shade, 40 and 70 °C drying. Antioxidant activity was revealed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and Fe2+ chelating assay, and the content of six furanocoumarin compounds, including xanthotoxin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin, imperatorin, phellopterin and isoimperatorin, was analyzed by liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was greater in roots with in-the-shade, 40 and 70 °C drying than freeze-drying. The furanocoumarin content pattern was similar with 70 °C drying and freeze-drying. A. dahurica roots dried at 70 °C may be an alternative method for maintaining high quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hong Liang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wu Chang
- Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuh-Chyang Charng
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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35
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Liang WH, Chang TW, Charng YC. Influence of harvest stage on the pharmacological effect of Angelica dahurica. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2018; 59:14. [PMID: 29766316 PMCID: PMC5953908 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-018-0230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baizhi (Angelica dahurica) has been widely used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, functional food and cosmetic product ingredient, mostly because of the high furanocoumarin compounds in roots. The cropping system of Baizhi with its unique summer dormancy feature, is easily affected by the transition of its growth stages. The aim of this study was to analyze the quantity (size, form and dry weight [DW]) and quality (antioxidant and furanocoumarin content) of taproot and lateral root from three growth stages of Baizhi; vegetative (V-stage), summer dormancy (S-stage) and bolting stage (B-stage). RESULTS Root length and diameter were lower at V-stage than the other two stages, and S-stage had higher lateral root to total root ratio. However, the highest root DW was observed at S-stage. Antioxidant activity was revealed by 2,2-diphenyl-L-picrylhydrazyl and Fe2+ chelating assay, and the content of six furanocoumarin compounds, including xanthotoxin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin, imperatorin, phellopterin and isoimperatorin, was analyzed by liquid chromatography. Although the antioxidant activity was less at S-stage than the other stages, furanocoumarin contents showed little variation. CONCLUSION Considering the high DW and stable furanocoumarin composition, S-stage is the best harvest stage than the other stages because of its richer total pharmacological content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hong Liang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wu Chang
- Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Hualien, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Yuh-Chyang Charng
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China
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Improving the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect of Illigera henryi by solid-state fermentation with Clonostachys rogersoniana. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:493-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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