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Zhang W, Qi C, Lim D, Zhang X, Gao R, Feng Z. Health risk assessment for soil radioactivity around Shidaowan nuclear power plant in Shandong, China. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2024; 200:554-563. [PMID: 38453149 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring radioactivity levels in the environment around nuclear power plants is of great significance to assessing environmental safety and impact. Shidaowan nuclear power plant is currently undergoing commissioning; however, the baseline soil radioactivity is unknown. The naturally occurring radionuclides 238U, 232Th, 226Ra and 40K, and artificial radionuclide (AR) 137Cs in soil samples around the Shidaowan nuclear power plant were measured to establish the baseline levels. Human health hazard indices such as external hazard indices (Hex), Radium equivalent (Raeq), outdoor absorbed dose rate (Dout), annual effective dose (AED) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were estimated. The average concentration of 232Th, 40K, 137Cs, 238U and 226Ra were 42.6 ± 15, 581 ± 131, 0.68 ± 0.38, 40.13 ± 9.07 and 40.8 ± 12.8 Bq per kg, respectively. The average Hex, Raeq, Dout, AED and ELCR were 0.40, 146 Bq per kg, 68.8 nGy per h, 0.09 mSv per y and 3.29E-04, respectively. These data showed an acceptable level of risk to residents near the nuclear power plant and that the current radioactivity in the soil may not pose immediate harm to residents living close to the nuclear power plant. The observed lower AED and 40 K and 137Cs concentrations were comparable to other studies, whilst ELCR was higher than the world average of 2.9E-04. The commissioning of the Shidaowan nuclear power plant is potentially safe for the surrounding residents; further continuous monitoring is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Institute for Public Health Surveillance and Evaluation, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Chenyang Qi
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - David Lim
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xianpeng Zhang
- Institute for Public Health Surveillance and Evaluation, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Rihong Gao
- Haiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haiyang, China
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Imam N, El-Shamy AS, Abdelaziz GS, Belal DM. Influence of the industrial pollutant on water quality, radioactivity levels, and biological communities in Ismailia Canal, Nile River, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26855-26879. [PMID: 38456982 PMCID: PMC11052782 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32672-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
In the twenty-first century, numerous forms of pollution have adversely impacted freshwater and the entire aquatic ecosystem. The higher population density in urban areas also contributes to increased releases of substances and thermal contaminants, significantly stressing the ecosystem of industrial companies. This study aimed to assess the potential pressure of industrial and municipal activities on water quality, radioactivity levels, and biological diversity, focusing on the consequences of radionuclides on periphytic diatom communities. Furthermore, the environmental impact of pollutants will be evaluated to monitor the ecological condition of the Ismailia Canal. Chemical analyses employed various instruments and methods to identify and quantify matter, with radionuclide elements measured by gamma spectrometry and diatoms counted and identified by inverted microscopy. Our results revealed that the canal was classified as excellent for irrigation, aquatic life, and drinking water based on FAO, CCME, and EWQS water quality indices, with high nutrient levels at Abu Za'baal fertilizer company. The activity concentration of 226Ra-series, 232Th-series, and 40K in the water and sediment samples for two seasons was within the guideline values, except for a few stations in the zone [B] (the industrial zone). Fertilizer samples (raw material) showed a high value of the 226Ra-series activity. Diatom community structure significantly varied across the different canal locations regarding the presence or absence of industrial activities, with no discernible variations between the study seasons. A specific variety of algal species was found to be predominant at the highest radioactive sites. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed a significant correlation between parameters (pH, Na, TDS, PO4, SO4, SiO2, K, and CO3), radionuclides, environmental conditions, and the composition of the diatom community, especially in the area affected by industrial discharges. Moreover, the radiological hazard index in water and sediment remained below the maximum for two seasons. This research provides valuable data and information for communities and decision-makers, suggesting the strategic use of phycoremediation as a water biotreatment process to protect the valuable economic resources of the Ismailia Canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Imam
- Physics and Geology Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 101 Kaser El Aini Street, Cairo, 11516, Egypt.
| | - Amr S El-Shamy
- Chemistry Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada S Abdelaziz
- Chemistry Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Belal
- Hydrobiology Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
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Esi OE, Avwiri GO, Sylvanus OA, Onwudiwe DC. Radiometric survey of sediments and health risk assessments from the southern coastal area of Delta State, Nigeria. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26805. [PMID: 38455564 PMCID: PMC10918107 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the release of potential radiological components around the oil exploration environment has increased with potential health implications.Yet; the mechanism and health associated assessment have remained fuzzy to most experimental scientists. The current study determines the activity concentration of radionuclides in sediments and the corresponding health risk assessments from the hydrocarbon exploration environment of the southern coastal area of Delta State, Nigeria. A Sodium-iodide NaI(Tl) detector, with a well-calibrated multichannel analyzer (MCA) to ensure efficiency and energy was utilized. A total of seventy-five sediment samples (Five sediment samples each per community) were collected from the southern coastal area of Delta State, Nigeria. The mean activity concentrations of 40K, 238U, and 232Th of the sediment samples were 3361.48 ± 194.26 Bqkg-1, 40.11 ± 16.17 Bqkg-1, and 45.73 ± 19.27 Bqkg-1 respectively. The obtained mean values exceeded the world standard limit of 400 Bqkg-1, 35 Bqkg-1, and 30 Bqkg-1 respectively. Also, the computed mean radiological health hazard risk of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), representative level index (Iyr), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), absorbed gamma dose rate (D), annual effective dose equivalent outdoor and indoor (AEDE) and lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) values are 363.94 ± 32.37 Bkgl-1, 2.9657 Bkgl-1, 0.9839, 1.0919, 175.82 nGyh-1, 2.1556 mSvyr-1, 0.8625 mSvyr-1, and 7.5447 mSvyr-1 respectively. The values were found to be slightly higher than the world standard limit. Therefore, the residents that are using the sediments of the southern coastal area for the construction of buildings as well as dwelling in houses built with such sediments are exposed to these radiological materials. This may pose a radiological health risk concern. The obtained results will serve as radiation and radiological baseline data for sediments of the southern coastal area of Delta State, Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory O. Avwiri
- Department of Physics, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Onjefu A. Sylvanus
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Physics, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Damian C. Onwudiwe
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, (Mahikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, (Mahikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Thakur A, Kumar A. Emerging paradigms into bioremediation approaches for nuclear contaminant removal: From challenge to solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141369. [PMID: 38342150 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The release of radionuclides, including Cesium-137 (137Cs), Strontium-90 (90Sr), Uranium-238 (238U), Plutonium-239 (239Pu), Iodine-131 (131I), etc., from nuclear contamination presents profound threats to both the environment and human health. Traditional remediation methods, reliant on physical and chemical interventions, often prove economically burdensome and logistically unfeasible for large-scale restoration efforts. In response to these challenges, bioremediation has emerged as a remarkably efficient, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective solution. This innovative approach harnesses the power of microorganisms, plants, and biological agents to transmute radioactive materials into less hazardous forms. For instance, consider the remarkable capability demonstrated by Fontinalis antipyretica, a water moss, which can accumulate uranium at levels as high as 4979 mg/kg, significantly exceeding concentrations found in the surrounding water. This review takes an extensive dive into the world of bioremediation for nuclear contaminant removal, exploring sources of radionuclides, the ingenious resistance mechanisms employed by plants against these harmful elements, and the fascinating dynamics of biological adsorption efficiency. It also addresses limitations and challenges, emphasizing the need for further research and implementation to expedite restoration and mitigate nuclear pollution's adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinay Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Nalanda College of Engineering, Bihar Engineering University, Science, Technology and Technical Education Department, Government of Bihar, 803108, India.
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Mitra P, Reddy GP, Srivastava S, Salunkhe SS, Kumari A, Gavas SG, Ninawe PR, Thekkinkattil M, Garg S, Kumar AV. Monitoring of outdoor natural gamma absorbed dose rate in air in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 200:75-83. [PMID: 37840352 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The Indian Environmental Radiation Monitoring Network continuously monitors the outdoor natural gamma absorbed dose rate in air at different locations throughout India by employing Geiger-Mueller (GM) detector-based field-installed environmental radiation monitors (ERMs). Hyderabad, Telangana, India is known to have high natural background radiation levels due to the presence of high concentrations of primordial radionuclides in its granitic rocks. There are a total of 59 ERMs installed at various locations across Hyderabad. Long-term monitoring data of these locations are presented in this paper. The mean values of outdoor natural gamma absorbed dose rate in air at the monitoring locations were found to vary in the range of 104-258 nGy.h-1 with a mean of 193 ± 40 nGy.h-1. The mean annual effective dose due to outdoor natural gamma radiation was estimated to be 0.24 ± 0.05 mSv.y-1. Analysis of the long-term seasonal variation of outdoor natural gamma absorbed dose rate in air showed that the same was lowest during monsoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratip Mitra
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Gade Priyanka Reddy
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sandip Shantaram Salunkhe
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Anisha Kumari
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Sanjay Ganpat Gavas
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | - Mukundan Thekkinkattil
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Saurabh Garg
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Aerattukkara Vinod Kumar
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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Turhan Ş. Radiological assessment of urban soil samples in the residents of a central Anatolian volcanic province, Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1181-1194. [PMID: 35594037 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2078797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides, emanation fraction (EF), and mass (χM) and area (χA) exhalation rate of 222Rn in urban soil samples collected from dwelling areas in Nevşehir city located in a region known as the central Anatolian volcanic province of Turkey were determined using gamma-ray spectroscopy. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra, 40K and 137Cs were measured as 60.2 ± 3.8, 50.1 ± 2.8, 631.0 ± 29.7 and 5.5 ± 0.4 Bq/kg, respectively. The average concentration of 222Rn in soil and air was estimated as 27 kBq/m3 and 84 Bq/m3, respectively. The average values of EF, χM and χA were found as 20%, 25.4 μBq/kg⋅s and 20.2 mBq/m2⋅s, respectively. The average values of outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate, external and internal annual effective dose and lifetime cancer risk estimated for radiological assessment were found as 85 nGy/h, 104 µSv/y, 797 µSv/y and 4.1 × 10-4, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeref Turhan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Sezgin N, Cumali BO, Aysal N, Kajjumba GW, Nemlioglu S. Radiological hazard assessment of natural radioactivity in Avcilar region, Turkey: a case of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1443-1455. [PMID: 35794682 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2098259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K can be found in various concentrations in the surface soil. High concentrations of radionuclides in the surface soil may cause radiological risks. This study investigated natural radioactivity levels and artificial radionuclide (137Cs) levels in the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar region, Istanbul, Turkey. Radioactivity concentrations were analyzed using the gamma-ray spectrometer. The mean activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs is 28.55, 29.57, 385.72, and 3.09 Bq kg-1, respectively. Radiological parameters radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index, and excess lifetime cancer risk were calculated using activity concentrations. The radiological parameters values were lower than UNSCEAR values, except for the annual gonadal dose equivalent (approximately 10% higher). There is a strong correlation between radiological parameters and radionuclides. Generally, the activities of radionuclides in the region fall within the recommended limits, thus Istanbul-Avcilar region can be considered safe for settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Sezgin
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilge Ozdogan Cumali
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Namik Aysal
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geology Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - George William Kajjumba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Semih Nemlioglu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Djabou RE, Belafrites A. Assessment of radioactivity levels and radiological hazard indices in phosphate and phosphate mine waste samples from Algeria. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:2218-2223. [PMID: 37934993 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate ore is the starting raw material for production of all phosphate products including fertilisers phosphate waste. It can be of sedimentary, volcanic or biological origin. Like any other geological material found in nature, it contains various amounts of naturally occurring primordial radionuclides, such as 238U series, 232Th series and 40K. Gamma-ray spectrometry was used to assess natural radioactivity levels and radiological hazard indices in phosphate samples. In this paper, the specific activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K of phosphate ores, merchant and mine waste samples were determined. Based on the activity concentrations, the radiation hazard indices (Raeq, Hex, Hin and I𝛾𝑟), and the radiation doses (D, AED and ELCR) were calculated. The results were discussed and compared with those from other studies as well as recommended safety limit values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihab Elhouda Djabou
- Laboratoire de Physique des Rayonnements et Applications, Département de Physique, Université de Jijel, B.P. 98 Ouled Aissa, Jijel 18000, Algeria
| | - Abdelfettah Belafrites
- Laboratoire de Physique des Rayonnements et Applications, Département de Physique, Université de Jijel, B.P. 98 Ouled Aissa, Jijel 18000, Algeria
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Khan R, Basir MS, Akhi SZ, Anik AH, Hossain S, Islam HMT, Islam ARMT, Idris AM, Khan MHR, Aldawood S, Tareq SM. Radiation exposure and health concerns associated with the environmental geochemistry of relatively higher radioactivity in a fresh water basin. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115588. [PMID: 37806014 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out on a negligible anthropogenically impacted Indo-Bangla transboundary river basin (Atrai, Bangladesh) to elicit radionuclides' and elemental distributions. Thirty sediment samples were collected from the Bangladesh portion of the river, and instrumental neutron activation analysis and HPGe γ-Spectrometry techniques were used to determine environmental radionuclides (e.g., 232Th, 226Ra, 40K) and associated elemental concentrations, respectively. Metal concentrations (Sc, V, Fe, Eu, Sm, La, Yb, Ce, Lu, Ta, Hf) were determined to comprehend the genesis of greater radioactivity. Recognizing the mean concentration of absorbed gamma dose rate (158.7 hGyh-1) is 2.88-times more than the recommended value (55 hGyh-1) that describes ionizing radiation concerns regarding potential health risks to the surrounding communities and the houses of native residents, which are constructed by Atrai river sediment. This work will assist relevant policymakers in exploring valuable heavy minerals and provide information regarding radiological health risks from a fluvial system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Samium Basir
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sayma Zahan Akhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil Internaitonal University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, P.O. BOX 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafi M Tareq
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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Adewoyin OO, Omeje M, Omonhinmin C, Nwinyi O, Arijaje T, Ayanbisi O. Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100160. [PMID: 37699509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, cassava tubers cultivated in the Ewekoro cement area were investigated with the aid of Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) detector in order to assess the radionuclide content. Twenty-seven (27) samples of both arable soil and cassava tubers were studied at different sites to the epicenter of the mining activity. The results revealed the highest activity concentrations of K-40, Ra-226, and Th-232 to be 194.10, 63.92, and 76.90 Bq/kg, respectively, in soil to be at site 1, which was 50 m away from the cement mining site. Similarly, cassava reported the highest activity concentrations of 228.15 and 81.50 Bq/kg for K-40 and Ra-226, respectively, at sites 2, which was 150 m away from the mining site. However, the highest value of Th-232 in cassava was noted in site 1. Also, the highest values of Raeq for arable soil and cassava tubers were estimated to be 188.84 Bq/kg and 199.89 Bq/kg at site 1 and site 2, respectively. All the above results were higher than the recommended safe limits by a factor of 2. Moreover, the Total Annual Effective Dose of exposure by oral ingestion of cassava tubers for different age groups revealed children to have the highest level of exposure with the highest mean value of 7.98 mSv. This is followed by adults and infants, which reported 5.66 and 5.38 mSv, respectively, all at site 2. This result is far greater than the recommended safe limits of 1 mSv. Therefore, the results of the total averages of annual effective doses due to consumption of the three natural radionuclides in cassava tubers and other products from it by adults, children, and infants were found to be above the average annual ingestion radiation dose due to natural sources. Further statistical analysis of the results showed significant differences between sites 1 and 2 and between sites 1 and 3, where there was no statistically significant difference between sites 2 and 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun O Adewoyin
- Department of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Maxwell Omeje
- Department of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Conrad Omonhinmin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Obinna Nwinyi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Theophilus Arijaje
- Department of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasegun Ayanbisi
- Department of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Noguera A, Bentos Pereira H, Fornaro L. Assessment of radiation hazard indices due to naturally occurring long-life radionuclides in the coastal area of Barra de Valizas, Uruguay. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6455-6470. [PMID: 37318690 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01654-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Uruguayan east coast has several mineral resources, which include black sand ores in the Barra de Valizas-Aguas Dulces area. Cancer in Uruguay shows non-homogeneous geographical distribution, with the highest standardized mortality ratio (SMR) in the northeast and east region, which includes the aforementioned area and the town of Barra de Valizas. The activity concentration of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40 K) in Barra de Valizas´soil was determined by gamma spectrometry in order to evaluate the radiological hazard for inhabitants and tourists. The outdoor annual effective dose (AEDE), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) were evaluated for inhabitants with a life expectancy of 77.7 years, a 0.2 and 0.5 occupancy factor, and using the conversion coefficients recommended by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). The annual effective dose was also evaluated for both summer and fortnight tourists. The radiological hazard indices for Barra de Valizas inhabitants are higher than the worldwide mean and recommended values. This may contribute to Rocha's higher SRM value, although a direct correlation cannot be assured with the epidemiological information currently available. Social, medical and anthropological studies will be carried out in future to provide data and verify this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Noguera
- Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Grupo de Desarrollo de Materiales y Estudios Ambientales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 9 y Ruta 15, 27000, Rocha, Uruguay.
| | - Heinkel Bentos Pereira
- Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Grupo de Desarrollo de Materiales y Estudios Ambientales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 9 y Ruta 15, 27000, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - Laura Fornaro
- Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Grupo de Desarrollo de Materiales y Estudios Ambientales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 9 y Ruta 15, 27000, Rocha, Uruguay
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12
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Mitra P, Mishra MK, Reddy GP, Srivastava S, Salunkhe SS, Kumari A, Gavas SG, Ninawe PR, Thekkinkattil M, Garg S, Kumar AV. Countrywide monitoring of absorbed dose rate in air due to outdoor natural gamma radiation in India. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023:ncad185. [PMID: 37366153 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The Indian Environmental Radiation Monitoring Network continuously monitors, throughout India, the absorbed dose rate in air due to outdoor natural gamma radiation, by using Geiger-Mueller detector-based standalone environmental radiation monitors. The network consists of 546 monitors spread across 91 monitoring locations distributed all over the country. In this paper, the countrywide long-term monitoring results are summarised. The measured mean dose rate of the monitoring locations followed a log-normal distribution and ranged from 50 to 535 nGy.h-1 with a median value of 91 nGy.h-1. Due to outdoor natural gamma radiation, the average annual effective dose was estimated to be 0.11 mSv.y-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratip Mitra
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Manish K Mishra
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Gade Priyanka Reddy
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sandip S Salunkhe
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Anisha Kumari
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Sanjay G Gavas
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Pruthviraj R Ninawe
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Mukundan Thekkinkattil
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Saurabh Garg
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Aerattukkara Vinod Kumar
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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13
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Mwalongo DA, Haneklaus NH, Carvalho FP, Lisuma JB, Kivevele TT, Mtei KM. Influence of phosphate fertilizers on the radioactivity of agricultural soils and tobacco plants in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27543-8. [PMID: 37340157 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Three brands of NPK fertilizers that contain variable concentrations of natural radioactivity are commonly used in tobacco plantations in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Tobacco plants are known for hyper-accumulation of natural radionuclides, particularly 238U. This study investigated if the elevated radioactivity in phosphate fertilizers could enhance radioactivity in soils and tobacco plant leaves. The 232Th, 238U, and 40K radionuclide levels in NPK-fertilized soils and tobacco leaves were measured using gamma-ray spectroscopy. The research included a one-year reference experiment with tobacco growing in plots, a ten-year semi-controlled experiment in well-managed tobacco farms, and a field survey of radioactivity in soils and tobacco leaves at three traditional tobacco fields in Migori (Kenya), Urambo (Tanzania), and Kanungu (Uganda). The findings demonstrated that soils and tobacco leaves exposed to NPK fertilizers with increased radioactivity had activity concentrations of 232Th, 238U, and 40K that were considerably higher (at all sites) than in the control samples (with no use of NPK fertilizers). As the continued application of NPK fertilizers raises concentrations of 232Th, 238U, and 40K in agricultural soils, the study assessed radiological risks for humans from exposure to agricultural soils enriched with phosphate fertilizers, and it was found to be below the exposure limit of 1 mSvy-1 suggested by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). However, tobacco consumers, both by snuffing and smoking, may face significant radiological risks, as the snuffing and smoking resulted in effective doses that were 2.41 to 6.53 and 1.14 to 2.45 times greater than the average yearly dose that the general public receives from inhalation of natural radionuclides (United Nations Scientific Committee on Atomic Radiations estimates). Furthermore, the results indicate that the lifetime excess cancer risk for tobacco snuffers and smokers ranged from 5 × 10-5 to 24.48 × 10-3 and 2.0 × 10-5 to 9.18 × 10-3, respectively. The influence of phosphorus-derived fertilizer containing relatively high natural radioactivity, potential human radiation exposure, and radiological risk due to gamma radionuclides is estimated and discussed. The results reveal that applying phosphate fertilizers enhances natural radioactivity in soil and is subsequently influenced by soil to tobacco plant uptake. Therefore, the study recommends that countries use fertilizers with lower radionuclide content to conserve soil quality and reduce gamma-emitting radionuclides in tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A Mwalongo
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, Directorate of Nuclear Technology and Technical Services, P.O. Box 743, Arusha, Tanzania
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), School for Materials, Energy, Water, Environmental Science and Engineering, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Nils H Haneklaus
- Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany.
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), School for Materials, Energy, Water, Environmental Science and Engineering, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
- Universität für Weiterbildung Krems, Td-Lab Sustainable Mineral Resources, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500, Krems an der Donau, Austria.
| | - Fernando P Carvalho
- Laboratório de Protecção e Segurança Radiológica, Instituto Superior Técnico/Campus Tecnológico Nuclear, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacob B Lisuma
- Tobacco Research Institute of Tanzania (TORITA), P.O. Box 431, Tabora, Tanzania
| | - Thomas T Kivevele
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), School for Materials, Energy, Water, Environmental Science and Engineering, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Kelvin M Mtei
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), School for Materials, Energy, Water, Environmental Science and Engineering, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
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14
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Njinga RL, Ogundele TL, Adebayo AS, Olatunji MA, Olufemi AP, Olowookere CJ, Aladeniyi K, Pereira A, Arogunjo MA, Tshivhase VM. Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:3617-3636. [PMID: 36456669 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to ionizing radiation in the environment is mainly due to naturally occurring radionuclides in the soils, building materials and rocks, but the level may vary depending on the anthropogenic activities prevalent in each location. Presently, in Nigeria, there are concerns due to environmental health implications of all sorts of mineral mining and processing spreading across the southwestern states of the country. This work determines the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclide materials (NORMs) in the farmland soil with the aim of evaluating the radiation hazards. A total of 200 composite soil samples were taken from five states in the southwest of Nigeria, close to active mining sites at the root (0.2 m) and at deep planting zones (0.5 m) for analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the composite soil samples were determined to vary in the order of 40 K > 232Th > 226Ra/238U for all locations. In contrast to the other locations, Olode and Igbokoda had average radium equivalent activities (Raeq) to be 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively, higher than the reference limit of 370 Bqkg-1. The estimated excess life cancer risk values were lower than the 0.29 × 10-3 global average value for soil by United Nations on Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Negative and low skewness values of 0.61 and 1.20 were obtained for 40 K in Itagunmodi, and also 0.47 and 0.66 for 232Th were obtained in Sagamu. The kurtosis analysis of the activity concentrations was low and negative for soil at Itagunmodi for 40 K and 226Ra/238U; Olode for 40 K and 232Th; and Igbokoda for 226Ra/238U and 232Th where mining activities are commonly practiced. The variation in the results has been attributed to different agriculture practices and artisanal mining operations in each location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond L Njinga
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.
| | - Tunde L Ogundele
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Adebiyi S Adebayo
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | | | - Ayodele P Olufemi
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | | | - Kehinde Aladeniyi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Alcides Pereira
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Muyiwa A Arogunjo
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Victor M Tshivhase
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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15
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İsel P, Sahin L, Hafızoğlu N, Ganioğlu E, Mülayim A. Natural and artificial radioactive pollution in sediment and soil samples of the Bosphorus, Istanbul. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27455-7. [PMID: 37160855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the determination of natural (238U, 232Th, and 40K) and artificial (137Cs) radionuclide concentrations both in 55 sediment samples collected from various depths in the Bosphorus and 5 soil samples from the coastline of the Bosphorus, Istanbul, using gamma-ray spectrometry with an HPGe detector. The mean activity concentrations of natural 238U, 232Th, and 40K and anthropogenic 137Cs were determined to be 11.41 ± 0.21 Bq kg-1, 6.87 ± 0.16 Bq kg-1, 369.61 ± 3.41 Bq kg-1, and 6.54 ± 0.11 Bq kg-1, respectively, in the sediment samples. The average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs radionuclides in the soil samples were also measured to be 11.65 ± 0.18 Bq kg-1, 9.55 ± 0.15 Bq kg-1, 369.43 ± 3.09 Bq kg-1, and 4.57 ± 0.09 Bq kg-1, respectively. Radiological contour maps based on the activity concentrations of natural and artificial radionuclides in the sediment samples for the Bosphorus, Istanbul, were created. The total annual effective doses due to soil samples were calculated to be 34.58 μSv y-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar İsel
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34452, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Latife Sahin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurgül Hafızoğlu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ela Ganioğlu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Mülayim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Lopes AG, Da Silva FCA, Lopes RT. Radiological assessment of the disposal of bulk oil NORM waste: Case study from Brazil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 261:107139. [PMID: 36842336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The oil and gas industries are the largest producers of NORM wastes that are continuously generated during production and extraction activities. In addition, an increasing trend is observed in waste production worldwide due to the decommissioning of oil platforms. The problem is that most of these wastes are in activity concentration levels above the exemption and the clearance limits and are being accumulated in storage sites because no repositories exist in Brazil for NORM wastes generated by oil industries. There are regulations for radioactive wastes and for the licensing of repositories for managing wastes with low and intermediate levels of radiation but the current regulations apply only to packaged wastes. Therefore an initial radiological assessment was carried out with the RESRAD-OFFSITE code to show that bulk NORM wastes (not packaged wastes) could be disposed of in repositories near the surface without causing additional risk to the public above the criteria used. The results can also support decision-making by the Regulatory Authority to change the current regulations and allow for the disposal of wastes in bulk form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Gomes Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - PEN/COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - PEN/COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Braekers D, Bruggeman M, Vidic A, Ramahaleotsitohaina A, Sneyers L, Didovic I, Verheyen L. Experimental determination of soil sampling uncertainty in the context of environmental radiological monitoring. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 195:110727. [PMID: 36863266 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Uncertainty associated with nuclear counting analyses are attributed to two main components of uncertainty; one is related to sampling, the other to sample preparation and the subsequent nuclear counting. The ISO/IEC 17025 standard of 2017 require accredited laboratories carrying out their own sampling to estimate the uncertainty associated with sampling in the field. This study presents the results of a sampling campaign and analysis by gamma spectrometry to determine the sampling uncertainty related to the measurement of radionuclides in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Braekers
- Institute for Radioelements (IRE), Avenue de l'espérance 1 B-6220, Fleurus, Belgium.
| | - Michel Bruggeman
- Belgian Nuclear research Center (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Alfred Vidic
- Institute for Public Health of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (IPH), M. Tita 9, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Liesel Sneyers
- Belgian Nuclear research Center (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Irma Didovic
- Institute for Public Health of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (IPH), M. Tita 9, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Leen Verheyen
- Belgian Nuclear research Center (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
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18
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Küçükönder E, Gümbür S, Söğüt Ö, Doğru M. Natural radioactivity in soil samples taken from Kahramanmaraş provincial center. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-023-01577-w. [PMID: 37185800 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K with gross alpha and beta values in soils collected from the Kahramanmaraş city center were measured in this study, and the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), excessive lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), and terrestrial absorbed gamma dose rates were calculated for gamma radiation from 238U, 232Th, and 40K radionuclides. The samples' gross alpha and beta radioactivity concentrations, respectively, range from 0.06 ± 0.01 Bq/kg to 0.45 ± 0.04 Bq/kg and 0.14 ± 0.02 Bq/kg to 0.95 ± 0.09 Bq/kg. The Kahramanmaraş province's soil samples have mean gross alpha and beta radiation values of 0.25 ± 0.03 Bq/kg and 0.52 ± 0.05 Bq/kg, respectively. 238U, 232Th, and 40K activity concentrations in soil samples range from 2.32 ± 0.2 Bq/kg to 40.10 ± 1.4 Bq/kg, 0.60 ± 0.03 Bq/kg to 10.47 ± 1.01 Bq/kg, and 11.60 ± 1.01 Bq/kg to 160.84 ± 4.6 Bq/kg, respectively. 238U, 232Th, and 40K each had average activity concentrations of 11.50 ± 1.1, 4.50 ± 0.4, and 62.20 ± 1.6 Bq/kg in soil, respectively. The annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), excessive lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), and terrestrial absorbed gamma dose rate range from 0.01 ± 0.01 μSv y-1 to 0.03 ± 0.02 μSv y-1, and 0.01 ± 0.01 × 10-3 to 0.12 ± 0.03 × 10-3, 1.72 ± 0.01 nGy h-1 to 25.05 ± 0.21 nGy h-1, respectively. Additionally, the average annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), average excessive lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), and average terrestrial absorbed gamma dose rates are 0.01 ± 0.01 μSv y-1, and 0.05 ± 0.02 × 10-3, 9.81 ± 0.09 nGy h-1, respectively. The acquired data were compared to both domestic and international standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Küçükönder
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Department of Materials and Material Processing, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Serdar Gümbür
- Institute of Science, Department of Physics, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
| | - Ömer Söğüt
- Institute of Science, Department of Physics, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Doğru
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Firat University, 23169, Elazığ, Turkey
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19
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Janković M, Jelić I, Rajačić M, Krneta Nikolić J, Vukanac I, Dimović S, Sarap N, Šljivić-Ivanović M. Distribution of Natural Radionuclides and 137Cs in Urban Soil Samples from the City of Novi Sad, Serbia-Radiological Risk Assessment. TOXICS 2023; 11:345. [PMID: 37112572 PMCID: PMC10145475 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the natural radioactivity distribution of 21 surface soil samples taken in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. The analysis for radioactivity was performed using a gas low-level proportional counter for gross alpha and gross beta activity, while the specific activities of radionuclides were determined using HPGe detectors. The gross alpha activity of 20 samples was below the minimum detectable concentration (MDC), while in 1 sample it was 243 Bq kg-1; the gross beta activity ranged from the MDC (11 samples) to 566 Bq kg-1. The gamma spectrometry measurements showed naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 238U in all investigated samples, with average values (Bq kg-1) of 33.9, 36.7, 513.8, and 34.7, respectively. Natural radionuclide 235U was detected in 18 samples with activity concentrations in the range of 1.3-4.1 Bq kg-1, while in the other 3 samples, the values were below the MDC. The artificial 137Cs radionuclide was detected in 90 percent of the samples, with a maximum value of 21 Bq kg-1, while the other artificial radionuclides were not detected. Based on the obtained concentrations of natural radionuclides, hazard indexes were estimated, and radiological health risk was assessed. The results present the absorbed gamma dose rate in the air, annual effective dose, radium equivalent activity, external hazard index, and lifetime cancer risk.
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20
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Kassa MK, Deressu TT. Measurement of radioactivity levels and determination of radiological hazard risks in areas of irrigated vegetable agriculture soils Southwestern Lake Hawassa, Sidama Region, Ethiopia. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110716. [PMID: 36806037 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Messele Kebede Kassa
- Department of Physics, Addis Ababa University, Arat Kilo Campus, P.O.Box: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Tilahun Tesfaye Deressu
- Department of Physics, Addis Ababa University, Arat Kilo Campus, P.O.Box: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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21
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Samad AI, Ahmed AH, Ahmad ST. Radiological health assessment of infant milk in Erbil Governorate, Iraq. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:419. [PMID: 36809379 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the radioactivity caused by natural radionuclides (40 K, 232Th, and 226Ra) was evaluated in infant milk consumed in Erbil, Iraq. The measurements were performed using an HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer. The variation of activity concentrations in milk samples was (99.56-256.9 Bq kg-1) for 40 K, (BDL-0.53 Bq kg-1) for 232Th, and (0.27-5.59 Bq kg-1) for 226Ra, as determined by the results. The radiological parameters of Eing, Dorg, and ELCR were calculated and compared to international standards. The correlation between computed radiological hazard parameters and natural radionuclides was analyzed statistically using Pearson's correlation. Overall, the results indicate that infant milk consumption in Erbil is radiologically safe and that consumers of these brands of milk are unlikely to be directly exposed to radiological health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Samad
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil City, Iraq.
| | - Ali H Ahmed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil City, Iraq
| | - Saddon T Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Koya University, Kurdistan Region - F.R, Koya KOY45, Erbil City, Iraq
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22
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Li Z, He Y, Sonne C, Lam SS, Kirkham MB, Bolan N, Rinklebe J, Chen X, Peng W. A strategy for bioremediation of nuclear contaminants in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120964. [PMID: 36584860 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides released from nuclear contamination harm the environment and human health. Nuclear pollution spread over large areas and the costs associated with decontamination is high. Traditional remediation methods include both chemical and physical, however, these are expensive and unsuitable for large-scale restoration. Bioremediation is the use of plants or microorganisms to remove pollutants from the environment having a lower cost and can be upscaled to eliminate contamination from soil, water and air. It is a cheap, efficient, ecologically, and friendly restoration technology. Here we review the sources of radionuclides, bioremediation methods, mechanisms of plant resistance to radionuclides and the effects on the efficiency of biological adsorption. Uptake of radionuclides by plants can be facilitated by the addition of appropriate chemical accelerators and agronomic management, such as citric acid and intercropping. Future research should accelerate the use of genetic engineering and breeding techniques to screen high-enrichment plants. In addition, field experiments should be carried out to ensure that this technology can be applied to the remediation of nuclear contaminated sites as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Li
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yifeng He
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Christian Sonne
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, M079, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation, Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Xiangmeng Chen
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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23
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Expósito-Suárez VM, Suárez-Navarro JA, Vacas-Arquero P, Caro A. Application of gamma spectrometry for the characterization and influence of the archeological works of an archaeological site. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this study was the use of gamma spectrometry to characterize the archaeological site of Molina de Aragón, located in the province of Guadalajara in Spain. To do so, a set of samples with different historical influences have been selected. The samples were analyzed by gamma spectrometry with HPGe detectors, and by X-ray fluorescence, to know their chemical composition. The statistical study of the activity concentration of radionuclides from the natural radioactive series, 40K and 137Cs, was carried out using box-and-whisker plots, cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Likewise, the in-situ effective dose rates and the ones determined from the activity concentrations obtained by gamma spectrometry were evaluated to verify sampling reproducibility. The results obtained made it possible to classify the areas of Jewish and Christian influence based on the relationships between 232Th and 238U series and the possible influence of the archaeological works carried out in the study area. The least altered areas could also be identified from the activity concentrations of 137Cs and 210Pbex. Activity concentrations and effective dose rates were equivalent to the natural radioactive background of the Iberian Peninsula. PCA showed a correlation between Fe2O3, Al2O3 y ZrO2 and the natural radioactive series of thorium and uranium.
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Shashikumar TS, Ramachandra MN, Gowda S. ESTIMATION OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR EFFECTIVE DOSES AND LIFETIME CANCER RISK FROM GAMMA DOSE RATES IN AND AROUND MANDYA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:1540-1545. [PMID: 36214513 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Indoor and outdoor gamma-ray dose rates have been measured in and around Mandya district (12° 20″ N and 77° 20″ E). The measurements were carried out from 45 locations of Mandya district at 1 m above the ground surface for radiometric, geophysical and environmental surveys using a lightweight portable radiation dosemeter ER‑709. The indoor and outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate in air varied from 66.12±0.8 to 131.89±5.5 nGy per h with a geometrical mean value of 97.79±2.6 nGy per h and 45.94±0.7 to 80.39±2.6 nGy per h with a geometrical mean value of 58.75±1.5. The indoor and outdoor effective doses vary from 0.32 to 0.65 mSv per y with a geometric mean value of 0.48 mSv per y and 0.06 to 0.10 mSv per y with a geometric mean value of 0.07 mSv per y which is slightly higher when compared with the worldwide average of the effective doses. The indoor and outdoor excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) of residents along the different locations varies from 1.14 × 10-3 to 2.26 × 10-3 with a geometric mean value of 1.68 × 10-3 and 0.20 × 10-3 to 0.35 × 10-3 with a geometric mean value of 0.25 × 10-3 which is similar to the worldwide average of the ELCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Shashikumar
- Department of Physics, PES College of Engineering, Mandya 571401, India
| | - M N Ramachandra
- Department of Physics, ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru 570028, India
| | - Shivalinge Gowda
- Department of Physics, PES College of Engineering, Mandya 571401, India
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Yorgun NY, Oto B, Gür F, Tarakçı M, Yıldız HE, Kavaz E. MEASUREMENT OF THE CONCENTRATION OF 226RA, 232TH, 40K IN THE SOIL IN SETTLEMENTS ON THE COASTLINE OF LAKE VAN, TURKEY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:1575-1584. [PMID: 36274260 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the natural radioactivity level and its effects on the environment of Lake Van, which is the largest lake in Turkey, were investigated extensively. Initially, 254 soil samples have been collected from the districts (Tusba, Edremit, Gevas, Tatvan, Ahlat, Adilcevaz, Ercis) located around the coastline of Lake Van in eastern Turkey. A Na(TI) detector was used to detect activity concentrations of radium (226Ra), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) in each collected soil sample. The obtained average results were compared with available data from Turkey and international data base. The average activity in soil samples was measured as 28.0 ± 3.7-43.6 ± 2.2 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 27.3 ± 4.1-55.4 ± 4.8 Bq/kg for 232Th and 377 ± 42- 706 ± 40 Bq/kg for 40K. It was observed that the average concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K (43.6 ± 2.2, 55.4 ± 4.8, 706 ± 40 Bq/kg, respectively) for Tatvan district and (37.0 ± 3.5, 51.4 ± 4.2, 479 ± 41 Bq/kg, respectively) for Ahlat district were higher than both national and international average value. In addition, radiological effect parameters originating from terrestrial natural radionuclides for the study area; gamma dose rate (Dout), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), and lifetime cancer development probability (LCR) were calculated. The Dout, AEDE, LCR (83.0 ± 3.9 nGy/h, 0.102 ± 0.005 mSv/y, 0.36 ± 0.02 x 10-3, respectively) parameters in Tatvan district were found to be above the international allowable value.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yıldız Yorgun
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65040 Van, Turkey
| | - B Oto
- Department of Marine Engineering, Faculty of Maritime, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65040 Van, Turkey
| | - F Gür
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - M Tarakçı
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylul University, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - H Erzen Yıldız
- Vocational School of Health Services, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65040 Van, Turkey
| | - E Kavaz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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Sathish V, Chandrasekaran A, Tamilarasi A, Thangam V. Natural radioactivity and mineral assessment in red and black colored soils collected from agricultural area of Tiruvannamalai district of Tamil Nadu, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Caridi F, Spoto SE, Mottese AF, Paladini G, Crupi V, Belvedere A, Marguccio S, D’Agostino M, Faggio G, Grillo R, Messina G, Barreca F, Venuti V, Majolino D. Multivariate Statistics, Mineralogy, and Radiological Hazards Assessment Due to the Natural Radioactivity Content in Pyroclastic Products from Mt. Etna, Sicily, Southern Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711040. [PMID: 36078754 PMCID: PMC9517781 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, an investigation of the natural radioactivity content of pyroclastic products from Mt. Etna, eastern Sicily, Southern Italy, was carried out. In particular, the assessment of the average activity concentration of the investigated radionuclides, related to the mineralogical phase composition of the analyzed samples, and the radiological health risk for the population, was performed. High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry was employed in order to quantify the average specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K natural radioisotopes. The absorbed gamma dose rate (D), the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the hazard indices (Hin and Hex), the annual effective dose equivalent outdoor (AEDEout), and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were also estimated in order to assess any possible radiological hazard for the population. In our case, they were found to be lower than the maximum recommended values for the population members, thus reasonably excluding radiological hazard effects. Moreover, the identification of the source of the aforementioned naturally occurring radionuclides was attempted by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Micro-Raman Scattering (MRS), thereby recognizing the main radioisotope-bearing minerals present in the investigated pyroclastic products. Finally, Pearson correlation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were performed by processing observed radioactivity and radiological parameters in order to determine their correlation with the sampling locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caridi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Sebastiano Ettore Spoto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Francesco Mottese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Vincenza Crupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Belvedere
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal)—Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Santina Marguccio
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal)—Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maurizio D’Agostino
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal)—Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giuliana Faggio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università “Mediterranea”, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Rossella Grillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università “Mediterranea”, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giacomo Messina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università “Mediterranea”, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesco Barreca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Valentina Venuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Domenico Majolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Onjefu SA, Kauluma ANI, Zivuku M, Ejembi E, Hamunyela RH, Tyobeka BM. Assessment of radioactivity levels in shore sediments along the coastline of the Orange River, Oranjemund, Namibia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10579. [PMID: 36148279 PMCID: PMC9485047 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of present study was to evaluate the activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K and radiological hazards due to gamma exposure of shore sediment along the coastline of the Orange River, Oranjemund, Namibia. A total of 20 shore sediment samples were collected along the coastline of the Orange River. Shore sediment samples were analyzed using a Canberra Gamma Spectrometric detector inter phased with a multichannel analyzer (MCA) that was well calibrated for energy and efficiency respectively. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K for the shore sediment samples were 63.46 ± 9.83 Bqkg−1, 54.88 ± 5.03 Bqkg−1 and 416.99 ± 57.85 Bqkg−1 respectively. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K in the shore sediment samples were slightly higher than world reference levels. Also, the radiological hazards parameters of absorbed dose rates, annual effective dose equivalent (outdoor) and the excess lifetime cancer risk for the Orange River shore sediment samples were calculated. The mean values calculated for absorbed dose rates (63.98 nGy/h), annual effective dose equivalent (outdoor) (0.78 mSv/y) and excess lifetime cancer risk (2.73) were higher than the recommended limits, therefore long term radiation exposure of the local population along the coastline of the Orange River may pose significant health threat from radiological point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvanus Ameh Onjefu
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Aina Nancy Iyaloo Kauluma
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Munyaradzi Zivuku
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Emmanuel Ejembi
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Roswita Hambeleleni Hamunyela
- Department of Radiography, School of Allied Health Sciences, Hage Geingob Campus, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
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Khan R, Islam HMT, Apon MAS, Islam ARMT, Habib MA, Phoungthong K, Idris AM, Techato K. Environmental geochemistry of higher radioactivity in a transboundary Himalayan river sediment (Brahmaputra, Bangladesh): potential radiation exposure and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57357-57375. [PMID: 35349070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study of a downstream segment (Brahmaputra, Bangladesh) of one of the longest transboundary (China-India-Bangladesh) Himalayan rivers reveals elevated radioactivity compared to other freshwater basins across the world. Naturally occurring radioactive nuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) and metal contents (transition metals, Fe, Ti, Sc, and V; rare earth elements, La, Ce, Eu, Sm, Dy, Yb, and Lu; high field strength elements, Ta and Hf; and actinides, Th and U) in thirty sediment samples were measured by HPGe γ-spectrophotometry and research reactor-based neutron activation analysis, respectively. We systematically investigated the mechanism of the deposition of higher radioactivity concentrations and rare earth elements (REEs) associated with heavy minerals (HMs) and photomicrograph-based mineralogical analysis. The results show that total REEs (∑REE) and Ta, Hf, U, and Th are generally 1.5- to 3.0-fold elevated compared to crustal values associated with -δEu and -δCe anomalies, suggesting a felsic source provenance. The enrichment of light REEs (×1.5 upper continental crust (UCC)) and Th (×1.9 UCC), besides Th/U (=7.74 ± 2.35) and 232Th/40K ratios, along with the micrographic and statistical approaches, revealed the elevated presence of HMs. Fluvial suspended sedimentary transportation (from upstream) followed by mineralogical recycling and sorting enriched the HM depositions in this basin. Bivariate plots, including La/Th-Hf, La/Th-Th/Yb, and La/V-Th/Yb, revealed significant contributions of felsic source rock compared to mafic sources. The assessment of radiological hazards demonstrates ionizing-radiation-associated health risks to the local residents and people inhabiting houses made from Brahmaputra River sediments (as construction material).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Hossain Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Adnan Sarker Apon
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuaanan Techato
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Huang WH, Huang CM, Chen TC, Liu YY, Lin CC, Yeh YL. Soil to tobacco component transfer factors for natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th and the risk assessment of tobacco leaf in smoking. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:737-745. [PMID: 35899392 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2105630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the activity concentrations and corresponding transfer factors (TF) of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in three tobacco components (root, stem, and leaf). The radiation hazard index parameters were assessed for the tobacco leaf. The activity concentrations in the soil were 589-762, 32-43, and 49-59 Bq kg-dw-1 (dry weight) for 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th, respectively. The average activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th were 447, 5.41 and 5.69 Bq/kg-dw for the root, 670, 9.64 and 7.61 Bq kg-dw-1 for the stem, and 793, 6.79 and 6.15 Bq kg-dw-1 for the leaf, respectively. The TF values were 0.42-1.42, 0.10-0.49 and 0.06-0.23 for 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th, respectively. The stem and leaf 40K TF values were significantly higher than the root values. The stem 226Ra TF values were significantly higher than the root values. The 226Ra and 232Th activity concentrations and TFs of tobacco components had a significant positive correlation. Based on the activity concentrations of the tobacco leaves, the annual inhalation effective dose to the lungs for an adult smoker was 0.32-0.81 mSv y-1 (average 0.60 mSv y-1). The Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) caused by smoking was an average of 2.39 × 10-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chien Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lung Yeh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Suárez-Navarro JA, Expósito-Suárez VM, Crespo MT, Sánchez-Castaño B, Suárez-Navarro MJ, Gascó C, Barragán M, Gascón JL, Pecker R, Sánchez-Pérez L, González-Cano L, Rosario A. Improvements in the radiochemical method for separating 226Ra in solid samples through coprecipitation with BaSO 4. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 187:110321. [PMID: 35732096 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to improve the commonly used method for 226Ra determination in water and to establish its application in solid samples. This method is based on the coprecipitation of Ra with BaSO4 and gross alpha counting of the precipitate. An exhaustive study of the coprecipitation behaviour of the most abundant cations present in solid samples was performed to avoid incorrect radiochemical yields. As a result, it was considered necessary to introduce two new purification steps into the conventional method. Likewise, two nuclides, 241Am and 226Ra, were compared to obtain the mass efficiency curve given their different behaviour in the coprecipitation process. While Ra behaves similarly to Ba, Am coprecipitates, forming mixed crystals that may behave differently in the self-absorption process. The influence of the cations on the chemical yield with no precipitate purification was: Sr2+≫Fe3+>Mg2+≈Ca2+>K+≈Na+. The method was successfully applied to soil, sediment, and plant ash samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M T Crespo
- CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M J Suárez-Navarro
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), E.T.S.I. Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Profesor Aranguren s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Gascó
- CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Barragán
- CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Gascón
- CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Pecker
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - A Rosario
- IES Virgen de la Paloma, 28039, Madrid, Spain
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Assessment of natural radiation levels in the forest ecosystem of Shankaraghatta-Shivamogga District, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tanwer N, Anand P, Batra N, Kant K, Gautam YP, Sahoo SK. Measurement of Seasonal Variation of Outdoor Gamma Radiation Dose Rate Level and Assessment of Consequent Health Hazards in Panchkula, Haryana, India. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362222030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Aydarous A, Zeghib S, Abdullahi S, Al-Subaie H. Radiological hazard assessment and sensitivity analysis for soil samples in Taghdoua area of Ranyah, Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Elsaman R, Seleem EMM, Salman SA, Ella EMAE, El-Taher A. Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity Levels and Associated Radiological Risk in Soil from Siwa Oasis, Egypt. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362222030195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Esan DT, Ajiboye Y, Obed RI, Ojo J, Adeola M, Sridhar MK. Measurement of Natural Radioactivity and Assessment of Radiological Hazard Indices of Soil Over the Lithologic Units in Ile-Ife Area, South-West Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221100041. [PMID: 35645568 PMCID: PMC9134001 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of natural radioactivity levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in soils overlying the 3 lithologic units within Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria was investigated to characterize the gamma radiation dose distribution over the lithologies and to assess the radiation hazard due to the natural radionuclides. A thallium-doped cesium iodide detector was employed to determine the activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in 21 soil samples. The respective average concentrations of the 3 radionuclides are 37.7, 3.2, and 245.6 Bq kg-1 for granite gneiss, 31.9, 2.8, and 241.1 Bq kg-1 for banded gneiss, and 21.1, 1.7, and 196.7 Bq kg-1 for mica schist. The average concentration of 238U in granite gneiss lithology exceeds the world average value. The evaluated values of radiation hazard parameters including average absorbed dose rate, outdoor annual effective dose and external hazard index are below the recommended limits. The spatial distribution of the radiation hazard parameters evaluated over the lithologies has been delineated. The highest average cancer risk of 1.15 per 10 000 population was obtained for the study area within the soil overlying the banded gneiss lithology. Generally, the radiation hazard from the soils in study area poses no significant health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rachel I Obed
- University of Ibadan Faculty of Science, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Ojo
- Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria
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Rejah BK. Radon and Exhalation Rate Measurement of Soil Samples in Al-Amiriya Area in Baghdad Governorate Using a Nuclear Track Detector. JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4054619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Radon is the most dangerous natural radioactive component affecting the human population, since it is a radioactive gas that results from the decomposition process of uranium deposits in soil, rocks, and water, and it is damaging to both humans and the ecosystem. The radon concentrations and exhalation rate in soil samples from various locations were determined using a passive approach with a CR-39 detector. in Amiriya region in Baghdad Governorate. The average values of radon concentrations are ranged from 47.3 to 54.2 Bqm-3. From the obtained results we can conclude that the values of all studied location are within the allowed levels. This research can be utilized to examine any variations in the radioactive baseline level in our homes and regions, as well as identify any hazardous radiation that could harm humans.
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Determination of natural radioactivity levels and associated radiation hazard indices of wheat flour samples from selected Ethiopian markets. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Awad M, El Mezayen AM, El Azab A, Alfi SM, Ali HH, Hanfi MY. Radioactive risk assessment of beach sand along the coastline of Mediterranean Sea at El-Arish area, North Sinai, Egypt. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113494. [PMID: 35245768 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Beach sand includes various levels of natural radioactivity, which can cause health effects. The natural radioactivity was measured in the beach sand along the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea at the east of the El-Arish area, Egypt. Using the HPGe spectrometer, the contribution of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the gamma emitted radiation illustrated that the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activity concentrations are 8.8 ± 3.9, 30.8 ± 12.2 and 106.9 ± 46.8 Bq kg-1, respectively, which is lower than the reported worldwide limit 33, 45 and 412 Bq kg-1. The radioactive hazards associated with the beach sand along the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea at the east of the El-Arish area were investigated. The obtained results among the radiological hazard parameters, the radium equivalent content (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (Dair), annual effective dose (AED), external (Hex) and internal (Hin) hazard indices were estimated. Moreover, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) were also computed and illustrated their values less than the recommended levels. Multivariate statistical approaches like Pearson correlation, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to investigate the correlation between the radionuclides and the corresponding radiological hazard variables. Based on the statistical analysis, the 226Ra and 232Th mainly contribute to the radioactive risk of beach sand. Finally, no significant risk of the public associated with utilizing beach sand in building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Awad
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M El Mezayen
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A El Azab
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Alfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H H Ali
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Y Hanfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt; Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Djabou RE, Mavon C, Belafrites A, Groetz JE. Mining treatment effects on natural radioactivity and radiological hazard index assessment in phosphates and fertilizers used in Algeria. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Yang J, Sun Y. Natural radioactivity and dose assessment in surface soil from Guangdong, a high background radiation province in China. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Lemlem M, Chaubey A. Determination of dose derived from building materials and radiological health related effects from the indoor environment of Dessie city, Wollo, Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09066. [PMID: 35284680 PMCID: PMC8914123 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The eight most common construction materials in Dessie City were collected in order to determine the amount of natural radiation released and its effects on humans. This is the first time that such research has been conducted. A B13010 Gamma-ray spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of the daughter element photo peak (High Purity Germanium detector). These studies can be used to track changes in radioactivity caused by industrial and other human activities. The mean radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were calculated to be 26.59 ± 3.26, 26.59 ± 2.76, and 115.65 ± 2.73 Bq kg−1, respectively. The calculated Radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and absorbed dose were lower than the global average. The estimated annual effective dose equivalent was 0.08 ± 0.01 mSv y−1. External and internal radiation hazard indices (Hex and Hin), activity utilization indices, alpha indices, and gamma representative indices are all lower than the world's recommended standards. The mean of the ELCR is lower than the global mean. The annual effective dose equivalent is slightly above the global average.
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Ahmed RS. The concentration of radioactive materials in Iraqi soils, water and plants: A review. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Assessment of Natural Radionuclide Distribution Pattern and Radiological Risk from Rocks in Precambrian Oban Massif, Southeastern Nigeria. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12030312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A gamma spectrometric analysis of rock samples collected from the Precambrian Oban Massif, southeastern Nigeria, was performed to determine some primordial radioelements’ activity concentrations: U-238, Th-232, and K-40, and their associated radiological hazards. The mean activity of the primordial radionuclides was determined to be 1073.06 ± 0.65, 160.74 ± 1.32, and 250.76 ± 0.91 Bq·kg−1 for 40K, 238U, and 232Th, respectively, showing that they are inhomogeneously distributed, with activity changing with the rock type and location. The activity concentrations are highest in biotite garnet schist, quartz diorite, and biotite gneiss rock domains. The mean values of the radiological hazards are 0.08 Bq·kg−1 (alpha index), 2.15 Bq·kg−1(gamma index), 2.06 Bq·kg−1(internal) and 1.63 Bq·kg−1 (external4.30 Bq·kg−1(representative level index6), 602.23 Bq·kg−1, (radium equivalent), 780 nGy·h−1 (total absorbed dose rate), 270.91 nGy·h−1 (indoor), 509.78 nGy·h−1 (outdoor), 624.99, 1329.07 and 1954.06 mSv·yr−1 (outdoor, indoor and total annual effective dose equivalent, respectively), 6448.40 (cumulative excess lifetime cancer risk) and 248.94–3761.47 Bq·kg−1 (annual gonadal dose equivalent). These results are higher than their various permissible limits (except at Ako Community) and suggest that rocks in the area may be unsuitable for constructing dwelling places. It is strongly advised that basic safety standards and precautionary measures recommended by the European Commission should be strictly adhered to while dealing with these rocks.
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Kaushal A, Joshi M, Sarin A, Sharma N. Dosimetry of indoor alpha flux belonging to seasonal radon, thoron and their EECs. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:119. [PMID: 35072797 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09746-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) are ubiquitous radioactive noble gases present in the earth's crust. The source term for these gases includes soil and building materials as well. The radiological impact of radon/thoron gases and their decay products on human life is a matter of concern and has been given due attention in research and policy. The present study aims to measure and quantify residential radon/thoron gas and the decay product's concentration and to discuss the associated interpretations for Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. Passive measurement techniques employing a single-entry pinhole dosimeter for gases and direct progeny sensors for the decay product's concentration have been used in this work. The obtained data from these measurements have been analysed using appropriate statistical techniques. The variations have been linked with the changes in the ventilation conditions, building material, room type and altitude. A higher concentration of radon and thoron gas was observed in the winter season for the study region. It was estimated that the contribution of radon and thoron decay products towards the annual average inhalation dose is 75% and 25%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Kaushal
- Department of Physical Sciences, I.K.G. Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, 144601, Punjab, India.
- Department of Physics, D.A.V. College, Jalandhar, 144008, Punjab, India.
| | - Manish Joshi
- Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Sarin
- Department of Physical Sciences, I.K.G. Punjab Technical University, Amritsar Campus, Amritsar, 143105, Punjab, India
| | - Navjeet Sharma
- Department of Physics, D.A.V. College, Jalandhar, 144008, Punjab, India
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Suresh S, Rangaswamy DR, Sannappa J, Dongre S, Srinivasa E, Rajesh S. Estimation of natural radioactivity and assessment of radiation hazard indices in soil samples of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Distributions and Risk Assessment of the Natural Radionuclides in the Soil of Shoubra El Kheima, South Nile Delta, Egypt. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to heightening concern about radiation hazards protection, activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K in forty soil samples collected from Shoubra El Kheima in the South Nile Delta were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra and 40K were higher in 20% of the considered samples than the world average values. A comprehensive comparison with up-to-date data was carried out. Spatial distribution maps of the measured radionuclides and radiological parameters were generated. The distributions of natural radionuclides were influenced by the soil organic matter, clay content, and scavenger metals oxides, as well as differences in the physical and chemical attributes and solubility of these radionuclides. The results revealed that industrial activity and agricultural practices in the study area caused an incremental increase in 226Ra and 40K activity concentrations. It can be deduced that although there are intensive industrial activities in this area, the natural radiation that comes from the soil is normal and does not pose a significant radiological hazard to the public. The natural radioactivity of soil in this area needs to be monitored periodically to prevent unnecessary radiation exposure to inhabitants.
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Rafique M, Abbasi S, Shahzadi C, Basharat M, Jabbar A, Ur Rahman S. Excessive Lifetime Cancer Risk Assessment due to Short-Term Indoor/Outdoor Ambient Radon and Gamma Dose Rate Exposures. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-021-01192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Trace elements assessment and natural radioactivity levels of infant formulas consumed in Egypt. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Studies on the dependence of natural radioactivity on clay minerals of soils in Davanagere district of Karnataka, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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