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Zhi W, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang H. Recent advances of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115749. [PMID: 36181983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common systemic disease with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with characteristics of multiple pathways and targets, presents advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. AIM OF THE STUDY With the modernization of TCM, the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of TCM for AS treatment have been gradually revealed. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the existing studies on TCM therapies aimed at regulating AS over the past two decades. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using "atherosclerosis" and "Traditional Chinese medicine" as keywords, all relevant TCM literature published in the last 10 years was collected from electronic databases (such as Elsevier, Springer, PubMed, CNKI, and Web of Science), books and papers until March 2022, and the critical information was statistically analyzed. RESULTS In this review, we highlighted extracts of 8 single herbs, a total of 41 single active ingredients, 20 TCM formulae, and 25 patented drugs, which were described with chemical structure, source, model, efficacy and potential mechanism. CONCLUSION We summarized the cytopathological basis for the development of atherosclerosis involving vascular endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, and categorically elaborated the medicinal TCM used for AS, all of which provide the current evidence on the better management of atherosclerosis by TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Zhi
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Xi'an, 710003, PR China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Xi'an, 710003, PR China.
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Feng Y, Jiang S, Yu H, Long X. Monoterpenoid glycosides from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. And their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zhang Z, Jia Y, Tao L, Liu X, Han Y, Wang X. Clinical Evaluation of Dexamethasone Plus Gentamycin Mouthwash Use in Combination with Total Glucosides of Paeony for Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus without Fungal Infection: A Comparative Study with Long-Term Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237004. [PMID: 36498580 PMCID: PMC9739003 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa and considered a potential malignant disease, for which a method for complete cure is lacking. The dexamethasone and gentamicin mouthwash, combined with total glucosides of paeony (TGP), was tested in the treatment of OLP patients without fungal infection, with a view to provide evidence that may assist in resolving the dilemma. Methods: A randomized and single-blind clinical trial of 48 non-erosive and erosive OLP patients was conducted, with the patients divided into two groups. Group A was treated with dexamethasone plus gentamycin mouthwash and Group B received an additional TGP capsule together with the aforementioned mouthwash. All the patients were followed up with four times, at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The clinical manifestations, sign score, and VAS scale were recorded. The total effective rate (%) was defined as (cases of complete resolution + cases of partial resolution)/total cases observed × 100%. Results: A total of 43 patients completed all follow-up appointments. Among the 21 patients in Group A, the total effective rate was 61.9%. Of the 22 patients in Group B, the total effective rate was 89.66%. The clinical manifestation, sign score, and VAS of the two groups all indicated improvements, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Dexamethasone plus gentamycin mouthwash combined with TGP treatment for OLP patients is a safe and effective treatment of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liyuan Tao
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (X.W.)
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Lv D, Xu J, Qi M, Wang D, Xu W, Qiu L, Li Y, Cao Y. A strategy of screening and binding analysis of bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicine based on surface plasmon resonance biosensor. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:500-508. [PMID: 35811628 PMCID: PMC9257445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the active components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is essential for understanding the mechanisms of TCM and promote its rational use as well as TCM-derived drug development. Recent studies have shown that surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology is promising in this field. In the present study, we propose an SPR-based integrated strategy to screen and analyze the major active components of TCM. We used Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) as an example to identify the compounds that can account for its anti-inflammatory mechanism via tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (TNF-R1). First, RPA extraction was analyzed using an SPR-based screening system, and the potential active ingredients were collected, enriched, and identified as paeoniflorin and paeonol. Next, the affinity constants of paeoniflorin and paeonol were determined as 4.9 and 11.8 μM, respectively. Then, SPR-based competition assays and molecular docking were performed to show that the two compounds could compete with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) while binding to the subdomain 1 site of TNF-R1. Finally, in biological assays, the two compounds suppressed cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by TNF-α in the L929 cell line. These findings prove that SPR technology is a useful tool for determining the active ingredients of TCM at the molecular level and can be used in various aspects of drug development. The SPR-based integrated strategy is reliable and feasible in TCM studies and will shed light on the elucidation of the pharmacological mechanism of TCM and facilitate its modernization. A surface plasmon resonance-based integrated strategy was established to analyze traditional Chinese medicine. Surface plasmon resonance technology can be used for ligand screening, affinity detection, and binding site confirmation. Paeoniflorin and paeonol were identified as TNF-R1-bound ingredients in RPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Lv
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Minyu Qi
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dongyao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiheng Xu
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Corresponding author.
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Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract and Its Components Reduce Biomarkers of Early Atherosclerosis via Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101507. [PMID: 34679642 PMCID: PMC8532938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although various physiological activities of compounds obtained from Paeonia lactiflora have been reported, the effects of P. lactiflora extract (PLE) on early atherosclerosis remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antiatherosclerosis and in vitro antioxidant effects of PLE and its compounds. PLE suppresses the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced capacity of THP-1 cells to adhere to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling in HUVECs. PLE also suppresses TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytosol as well as the enhanced TNFA and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) mRNA expression in HUVECs. We identified and quantified the following PLE compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection: methyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin, and paeonol. Among these, methyl gallate had the strongest inhibitory effect on monocyte adherence to TNF-α-induced HUVECs and the VCAM-1 expression. Reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PLE compounds had a dissimilar inhibition effect on TNF-α-induced mRNA expression levels of CCL2, TNFA, and IL6 in HUVECs. Except for paeonol, the compounds inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species production in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, oral administration of PLE improved TNF-α-induced macrophage infiltration to the vascular endothelium and expression of VCAM-1, as well as IL6 and TNFA gene expression in the main artery of mice. PLE could be useful as a nutraceutical material against early atherosclerosis via the combined effects of its components.
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A Salem S, S M Diab M, H Shehata S, N Soliman T. Nanochitosan Effect on Biomolecular, Hypolipidemic in Rats and Incorporation in Functional Yogurt. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:548-561. [PMID: 34486330 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.548.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Chitosan has many functional properties and biological activities. This work aimed to prepare and characterize Chitosan Nanoparticles (CN). Then, evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effect of CN in rats. Incorporate CN in camel yogurt and evaluation of yogurt properties. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Chitosan Nanoparticles (CN) were prepared and analyzed for the size, zeta potential and poly Polydispersity Index (PDI). Total 24 rats were divided into 4 groups, the negative control group was fed on the basal diet and the positive control group was fed on a High-Fat Diet (HFD), the group I and II were fed on the HFD+(CC) or (CN). The feeding period was 6 weeks. Prepared and Characterization stirred camel yogurt fortified by CN. <b>Results:</b> CN the size was 27.20 nm, ζ-potential+38.78. After the feeding period for CN and CC groups were a decrease in body weight, serum lipid profile and liver function in both tested groups and an increase in HDL-cholesterol and an increase in antioxidants in the CN group more than that in the CC group was observed. mRNA expression with qPCR for hepatic PPARγ, HL, GSS and CYP2E1 genes was performed to investigate the alterations in their levels after CN treatment on the liver of rats fed with HFD. <b>Conclusion:</b> CN possesses the ability to improve the impairment of lipid metabolism as strongly associated with gene expressions related to lipogenesis and oxidative stress. Also, the addition of 2% CN to camel yogurt gave sensory acceptable and microbiological quality.
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Kang L, Miao JX, Cao LH, Miao YY, Miao MS, Liu HJ, Xiang LL, Song YG. Total glucosides of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flower attenuate adenine- and ethambutol-induced hyperuricaemia in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113054. [PMID: 32534113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flower has been used widely in dietotherapy in China and other countries. It has good ethnopharmacological value in the treatment of various metabolic diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms by which it lowers serum uric acid are unknown. The development of pharmaceutical resources is very important. Here, we sought to elucidate the mode of action of herbaceous peony in terms of reducing uric acid levels. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present research, the effects of the total glucosides of herbaceous peony flower were investigated in a rat hyperuricaemia model. Another aim of the study was to clarify the mechanism by which herbaceous peony flower (TGPF) lowers serum uric acid levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hyperuricaemic rat model was induced via intragastric administration of 100 mg/kg adenine and 250 mg/kg ethambutol hydrochloride (EH) for 23 d. Then TongFengShu 600 mg/kg, allopurinol 42 mg/kg, or TGPF (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, or 200 mg/kg) was administered 1 h after the adenine and EH treatments. RESULTS TGPF improved weight loss and decreased serum UA, XOD, MCP-1, TNF-α, Cr, and BUN in the rats with hyperuricaemic nephropathy. TGPF downregulated renal URAT1 and GLUT9, upregulated renal OAT1, and ameliorated histopathological changes in the thymus, spleen, and kidney. CONCLUSION TGPF is promising as a therapeutic agent against hyperuricaemia. It regulates the uric acid transporters and diminished serum uric acid levels, and alleviates renal pathology associated with hyperuricaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Kang
- National International Cooperation Base of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Jin-Xin Miao
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Li-Hua Cao
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Miao
- College of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ming-San Miao
- National International Cooperation Base of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Hui-Juan Liu
- National International Cooperation Base of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Li-Ling Xiang
- National International Cooperation Base of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ya-Gang Song
- National International Cooperation Base of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Use of Herbal Medications for Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7110067. [PMID: 33126603 PMCID: PMC7693010 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7110067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arthritis is a chronic condition that affects nearly a quarter of the United States population. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two major forms of arthritis associated with severe joint pain and reduced quality of life. Various pharmacological interventions may be utilized for arthritis treatment when non-pharmacological therapy is insufficient. However, pharmacological therapy can be associated with serious side effects and high costs. Therefore, alternative therapies have been under investigation. Herbal medications have shown the potential for safe and effective management of arthritis. For this review, we attempt to summarize the mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of herbal treatments for OA and RA. After searching electronic databases, we identified nine herbs among 23 clinical trials used for the treatment of OA or RA patients. Improvement of OA and RA symptoms, pain, and inflammation was demonstrated. The herbs exhibited strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, contributing to a reduction in inflammation and tissue damage. Several herbs elucidated new mechanisms for OA and RA treatment as well. Though these herbs have shown promise for OA and RA treatment, more studies and clinical trials are required for determining safety and efficacy, bioactivity, and optimal bioavailability.
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Zhang JF, Zhong WC, Li YC, Song YQ, Xia GY, Tian GH, Ge GB, Lin S. Bioactivity-Guided Discovery of Human Carboxylesterase Inhibitors from the Roots of Paeonia lactiflora. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2940-2949. [PMID: 32951423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In a continuing search for potential inhibitors against human carboxylesterases 1A1 and 2A1 (hCES1A1 and hCES2A1), an EtOAc extract of the roots of Paeonia lactiflora showed strong hCES inhibition activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of 26 terpenoids including 12 new ones (1-5, 7-12, and 26). Among these, sesquiterpenoids 1 and 6, monoterpenoids 10, 11, and 13-15, and triterpenoids 18-20, 22, and 24-26 contributed to the hCES2A1 inhibition, in the IC50 range of 1.9-14.5 μM, while the pentacyclic triterpenoids 18-26 were responsible for the potent inhibitory activity against hCES1A1, with IC50 values less than 5.0 μM. The structures of all the compounds were elucidated using MS and 1D and 2D NMR data, and the absolute configurations of the new compounds were resolved via specific rotation, experimental and calculated ECD spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure-activity relationship analysis highlighted that the free HO-3 group in the pentacyclic triterpenoids is crucial for their potent inhibitory activity against hCES1A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wan-Chao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Qing Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Yang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Hua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Jiang H, Li J, Wang L, Wang S, Nie X, Chen Y, Fu Q, Jiang M, Fu C, He Y. Total glucosides of paeony: A review of its phytochemistry, role in autoimmune diseases, and mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112913. [PMID: 32371143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA, called baishao in China), the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., has shown a rich medicinal value for more than 2000 years. PRA is used in local medicine and traditional medicine for autoimmune diseases associated with inflammation. At present, total glucosides of paeony (TGP), the main active ingredient of PRA, has been developed into a preparation for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, as TGP exhibits the effect of regulating immunity, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. AIM OF THE REVIEW TGP was developed and applied to inflammation-related autoimmune diseases in modern clinical practice. Based on its application in traditional prescriptions, this article reviews PRA's botany and phytochemistry (including its extraction process and quality control), and discusses the clinical application and pharmacological research of TGP as an anti-inflammatory drug from the perspective of ethnopharmacology. Additionally, we review modern pharmacological and molecular-target research on TGP and discuss the mechanisms of TGP in treating autoimmune diseases. Through a systematic literature review, we also highlight the clinical efficacy of TGP in the treatment of immune diseases, and provide a reference for the continued scientific development and quality control of TGP so that its wider application and clinical value can be fully realized. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature search was conducted through the Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang DATA using the keywords "Total glucosides of paeony", "Paeonia lactiflora Pall. ", "Paeonia veitchii Lynch", "Paeoniae Radix Alba or white peony", "Paeoniae Radix Rubra or red peony", "Paeoniflorin", "Albiflorin", "Autoimmune diseases", and their combinations. In addition, information was collected from relevant textbooks, reviews, and documents. RESULTS Approximately 15 compounds have been identified in TGP, of which paeoniflorin and albiflorin are the most common constituents. In recent years, studies have found that TGP and its main chemical components are effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, oral lichen planus, and Sjogren's syndrome. TGP has a variety of pharmacological effects related to PRA traditional effects, including anti-organ-damage, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, cardiovascular, and nervous-system protection. Previously published reports on TGP treatment of autoimmune diseases have shown that TGP regulates intracellular pathways, such as the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathways. However, there is no standardized preparation method for TGP, and there is insufficient quality control of formulations. Many related pharmacological studies have not tested TGP components, and the validity of such pharmacological results requires further verification. CONCLUSIONS Modern pharmacological research on TGP is based on the traditional usage of PRA, and its folk medicinal value in the treatment of autoimmune diseases has now been verified. In particular, TGP has been developed into a formulation used clinically for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The combination of TGP capsules and chemicals to treat autoimmune diseases has the effect of increasing efficacy and reducing toxicity. Based on further research on its preparation, quality control, and mechanisms of action, TGP is expected to eventually play a greater role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajuan Jiang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Shengju Wang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xin Nie
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Maoyuan Jiang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Chaomei Fu
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yao He
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Lu B, An F, Cao L, Gao Q, Wang X, Yang Y, Liu P, Yang B, Chen T, Li XC, Chen Q, Liu J. Comparative transcriptomics characterized the distinct biosynthetic abilities of terpenoid and paeoniflorin biosynthesis in herbaceous peony strains. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8895. [PMID: 32341893 PMCID: PMC7179566 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a perennial flowering plant of the Paeoniaceae species that is widely cultivated for medical and ornamental uses. The monoterpene glucoside paeoniflorin and its derivatives are the active compounds of the P. lactiflora roots. However, the gene regulation pathways associated with monoterpene and paeoniflorin biosynthesis in P. lactiflora are still unclear. Here, we selected three genotypes of P. lactiflora with distinct morphologic features and chemical compositions that were a result of long-term reproductive isolation. We performed an RNA-sequencing experiment to profile the transcriptome changes of the shoots and roots. Using de novo assembly analysis, we identified 36,264 unigenes, including 521 genes responsible for encoding transcription factors. We also identified 28,925 unigenes that were differentially expressed in different organs and/or genotypes. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the P. lactiflora unigenes were significantly overrepresented in several secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. We identified and profiled 33 genes responsible for encoding the enzymescontrolling the major catalytic reactions in the terpenoid backbone and in monoterpenoid biosynthesis. Our study identified the candidate genes in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathways, providing useful information for metabolic engineering of P. lactiflora intended for pharmaceutical uses and facilitating the development of strategies to improve marker-assist P. lactiflora in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Lu
- Bozhou University, Bozhou, Anhui, China
| | | | - Liangjing Cao
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Tong Chen
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Chang Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Development of a Predictive Model to Induce Atherogenesis and Hepato-Renal Impairment in Female Rats. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110664. [PMID: 31671756 PMCID: PMC6921007 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches for the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis have radically changed in recent decades. Part of this advance undeniably stems from basic biomedical research that has provided a better understanding and identification of new therapeutic targets. The aim of this work was to develop a model to induce atherogenesis and hepato-renal impairment in female Wistar rats. The following groups received the respective treatments for 60 days: control animals, non-ovariectomized rats that received an atherogenic diet (NEAD), ovariectomized rats that received an atherogenic diet (NOAD), non-ovariectomized rats that received an atherogenic diet and oral Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME; LEAD), and ovariectomized rats that received an atherogenic diet and oral l-NAME (LOAD). Animals in the NEAD, NOAD, LEAD, and LOAD groups also received methimazole and cholecalciferol daily. Urinary, biochemical, hemodynamic, and electrocardiographic parameters and renal function were assessed. Samples of the liver, heart, kidney, and arteries were collected to investigate redox status and perform histopathological analyses. All of the groups developed dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis. Only the NEAD group developed arterial lesions that were compatible with fatty streaks. Renal function was significantly impaired in the LEAD and NOAD groups. These results indicate a viable alternative to induce atherogenesis and hepato-renal impairment in female rats.
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Huang Y, Wang H, Chen Z, Wang Y, Qin K, Huang Y, Ba X, Lin W, Tu S. Efficacy and safety of total glucosides of paeony combined with methotrexate and leflunomide for active rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1969-1984. [PMID: 31354242 PMCID: PMC6588713 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s207226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) have been confirmed to reduce hepatotoxicity caused by methotrexate (MTX) and leflunomide (LEF) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nevertheless, high-quality evidence-based meta-analysis data on the issue are unavailable. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this combination treatment for RA. Materials and methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials, Chinese Biomedical Literature database, China National Knowledge Internet, Wan Fang, and VIP were searched up to February 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of TGP combined MTX and LEF for RA were included. Results: Eight RCTs were included in the final meta-analysis. Pooled results showed better therapeutic effects against RA in the TGP-treated group (RR =1.10, 95% CI: 1.04 −1.16). The TGP+MTX+LEF group showed a reduced erythrocyte sedimentation rate (MD = −2.80 mm/h, 95% CI: −5.08 - −0.52), C-reactive protein level (MD = −4.17 mg/L, 95% CI: −7.84 - −0.51), and rheumatoid factor (MD = −12.09 IU/mL, 95% CI: −14.05 - −10.14). Besides, the combination treatment tended to benefit lipid profiles (total cholesterol: 95% CI: −1.27–0.06; triglycerides: 95% CI: −0.49 - −0.08; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: 95% CI: 0.15–0.83; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: 95% CI: −0.54 - −0.02). Adverse events, hepatotoxicity in particular, significantly decreased (RR =0.55, 95% CI: 0.38–0.80) in the TGP group. Conclusion: Compared to MTX and LEF therapy, TGP combination treatment may be a more effective and safer strategy. It is advisable to apply TGP as an adjuvant given its hepatoprotective and possible lipid-regulating effect. However, further large-scale and high-quality clinical trials are warranted, and the efficacy of TGP in terms of its effect on lipid profiles should be further confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Qin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Ba
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiji Lin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
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Tu J, Guo Y, Hong W, Fang Y, Han D, Zhang P, Wang X, Körner H, Wei W. The Regulatory Effects of Paeoniflorin and Its Derivative Paeoniflorin-6'-O-Benzene Sulfonate CP-25 on Inflammation and Immune Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:57. [PMID: 30804784 PMCID: PMC6370653 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant extract "total glucosides of peony" (TGP) constitutes a mixture of glycosides that is isolated from the roots of the well-known traditional Chinese herb Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Paeoniflorin (Pae) is the most abundant component and the main biologically active ingredient of TGP. Pharmacologically, Pae exhibits powerful anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory effects in some animal models of autoimmune diseases including Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Recently, we modified Pae with an addition of benzene sulfonate to achieve better bioavailability and higher anti-inflammatory immune regulatory effects. This review summarizes the pharmacological activities of Pae and the novel anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent Paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzenesulfonate (CP-25) in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. The regulatory effects of Pae and CP-25 make them promising agents for other related diseases, which require extensive investigation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Tu
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yawei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Hong
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yilong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dafei Han
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pengying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Heinrich Körner
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Zhang L, Yu J, Wang C, Wei W. The effects of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) and paeoniflorin (Pae) on inflammatory-immune responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:107-117. [PMID: 32172753 DOI: 10.1071/fp18080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and systemic autoimmune disease with an unknown aetiology. Accumulative studies suggest that the pathogenesis of RA involves the excessive activation of synoviocytes and immune cells, increasing the secretion of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in synoviocytes, causing dysfunctional E-prostanoid (EP)-G-protein-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and mitogen-associated-protein kinase (MAPK) signalling in synoviocytes. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) extracted from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration as an anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulator drug in 1998. Paeoniflorin (Pae), a water-soluble monoterpene glucoside,is the main effective component of TGP. TGP and Pae produce anti-inflammatory and immuno-regulatory effects by suppressing immune cells and synoviocytes activation, decreasing inflammatory substance production and restoring abnormal signalling in synoviocytes. In this review, the regulation of the inflammatory-immune responses and the therapeutic mechanism between RA and TGP and Pae are discussed in detail. The aim of this review was to provide novel insights into the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jun Yu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Oil from Baru Almonds ( Dipteryx alata Vog.) in a Preclinical Model of Lipotoxicity and Dyslipidemia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8376081. [PMID: 30369957 PMCID: PMC6189660 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8376081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The oil obtained from baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) almonds exhibits high energy value and is reported in popular medicine for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and reproductive disturbances. Although baru oil is used in domestic cuisine, the chemical characterization of this oil and its effects on lipid metabolism are still poorly understood. Therefore, this study evaluated the fatty acid (FA) profile and the effects of baru oil on liver and aorta in a murine model of dyslipidemia. The chromatographic profile of baru oil showed high levels of unsaturated FAs, especially oleic acid. Saturated FAs, such as palmitic and lignoceric acids, were found in lower amounts. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by daily administration of a lipid emulsion by gavage for 15 weeks. Biochemical and histopathological analysis were performed on serum, aorta, and liver. The results demonstrated that animals developed marked hypercholesterolemia, liver steatosis, and increased lipid peroxidation in the aorta. Treatment with baru oil attenuated lipid peroxidation and drastically reduced liver damage, especially ballooning degeneration and steatosis. By restricting vascular and hepatic injury, this oil showed potential applicability as a functional food, reinforcing its use in popular medicine and domestic cuisine.
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Yang S, Xing Z, Liu T, Zhou J, Liang Q, Tang T, Cui H, Peng W, Xiong X, Wang Y. Synovial tissue quantitative proteomics analysis reveals paeoniflorin decreases LIFR and ASPN proteins in experimental rheumatoid arthritis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:463-473. [PMID: 29551890 PMCID: PMC5844255 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s153927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common worldwide public health problem, which causes a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder of synovial joints. Paeoniflorin (PA) has achieved positive results to some extent for the treatment of RA. Purpose This study aimed to reveal the potential druggable targets of PA in an experimental RA model using quantitative proteomics analysis. Study design and methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group, model group and PA group. PA (1 mg/kg) was used to treat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats for 42 days. We used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based quantitative proteomics to analyze the synovial tissue of rats. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software was applied to process the data. The proteins that were targeted via IPA software were verified by Western blots. Results We found that PA caused 86 differentially expressed proteins (≥1.2-fold or ≤0.84-fold) compared with the CIA group. Of these varied proteins, 20 significantly changed (p<0.05) proteins referred to 41 CIA-relative top pathways after IPA pathway analysis. Thirteen of the PA-regulated pathways were anchored, which intervened in 24 biological functions. Next, network analysis revealed that leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) and asporin (ASPN), which participate in two significant networks, contributed the most to the efficacy of PA treatment. Additionally, Western blots confirmed the aforementioned druggable targets of PA for the treatment of RA. Conclusion The results reveal that PA may treat RA by decreasing two key proteins, LIFR and ASPN. Our research helps to identify potential agents for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Cui
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingui Xiong
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Cui S, Li W, Lv X, Wang P, Huang G, Gao Y. Folic acid attenuates homocysteine and enhances antioxidative capacity in atherosclerotic rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:1015-1022. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that can seriously endanger human life. Folic acid supplementation modulates several disorders, including atherosclerosis, via its antiapoptotic and antioxidative properties. This study investigated whether folic acid alleviates atherogenesis by restoring homocysteine levels and antioxidative capacity in atherosclerosis Wistar rats. To this end, 28 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (7 rats/group) as follows: (i) wild-type group, fed only the AIN-93 semi-purified rodent diet (folic acid: 2.1 mg/kg); (ii) high-fat + folic acid-deficient group (HF+DEF) (folic acid: 0.2 mg/kg); (iii) high-fat + normal folic acid group (folic acid: 2.1 mg/kg); and (iv) high-fat + folic acid-supplemented group (folic acid: 4.2 mg/kg). After 12 weeks, histopathological changes in the atherosclerotic lesions of the aortic arch were determined. In addition, serum folate levels, plasma homocysteine levels, plasma S-adenosyl-homocysteine levels, antioxidant status, oxidant status, and lipid profiles were evaluated. The results show aggravated atherosclerotic lesions in the HF+DEF group. Folic acid supplementation increased concentrations of serum folate. Further, folic acid supplementation increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, decreased plasma homocysteine levels, and improved antioxidant capacity in atherogenic rats. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that folic acid alleviates atherogenesis by reducing plasma homocysteine levels and improving antioxidant capacity in rats fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Pengyan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
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Paeoniflorin Ameliorates Atherosclerosis by Suppressing TLR4-Mediated NF-κB Activation. Inflammation 2017; 40:2042-2051. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jeong MY, Park J, Youn DH, Jung Y, Kang J, Lim S, Kang MW, Kim HL, So HS, Park R, Hong SH, Um JY. Albiflorin ameliorates obesity by inducing thermogenic genes via AMPK and PI3K/AKT in vivo and in vitro. Metabolism 2017; 73:85-99. [PMID: 28732574 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation has been identified as a possible target to treat obesity and to protect against metabolic diseases by increasing energy consumption. We explored whether albiflorin (AF), a natural compound, could contribute to lowering the high risk of obesity with BAT and primary brown preadipocytes in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS/METHODS Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) were cultured with adipogenic differentiation media with or without AF. Male C57BL/6J mice (n=5 per group) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for six weeks with or without AF. Brown preadipocytes from the interscapular BAT of mice were cultured with or without AF. RESULTS In white adipogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, AF treatment significantly reduced the formation of lipid droplets and the expression of adipogenesis-related genes. In HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice, AF treatment significantly reduced body weight gain as well as the weights of the white adipose tissue, liver and spleen. Furthermore, AF induced the expression of genes involved in thermogenic function in BAT. In primary brown adipocytes, AF effectively stimulated the expressions of thermogenic genes and markedly up-regulated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Pretreatment with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 nullified the induction of the thermogenic genes by AF in primary brown adipocytes. Moreover, AF activated beige cell marker genes induced by the pharmacological activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in hAMSCs. CONCLUSION This study shows that AF prevents the development of obesity in hAMSCs and mice fed an HFD and that it is also capable of stimulating the differentiation of brown adipocytes through the modulation of thermogenic genes by AMPK and PI3K/AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Jeong
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Youn
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunu Jung
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JongWook Kang
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seona Lim
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Kang
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Lin Kim
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Dasan Bld #309, 123 Cheomdan-Gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Heon Hong
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Young Um
- College of Korean Medicine and BRL for Comorbidity Regulation, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wang R, Ma CH, Zhou F, Kong LD. Siwu decoction attenuates oxonate-induced hyperuricemia and kidney inflammation in mice. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:499-507. [PMID: 27507200 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Siwu decoction on hyperuricemia, kidney inflammation, and dysfunction in hyperuricemic mice. Siwu decoction at 363.8, 727.5, and 1 455 mg·kg(-1) was orally administered to potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice for 7 days. Serum urate, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels and hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity were measured. The protein levels of hepatic XOD and renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), organic anion transporters 1 (OAT1), ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), OCT2, organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (OCTN1), OCNT2, Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), Caspase-1, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were determined by Western blotting. Renal histopathology change was obtained following hematoxylin-eosin staining. Our results indicated that Siwu decoction significantly reduced serum urate, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels and increased fractional excretion of uric acid in hyperuricemic mice. It effectively reduced hepatic XOD activity and protein levels in this animal model. Furthermore, Siwu decoction down-regulated URAT1 and GLUT9 protein levels, and up-regulated the protein levels of OAT1, ABCG2, OCT1, OCT2, OCTN1, and OCTN2 in the kidney of the hyperuricemic mice. Additionally, Siwu decoction remarkably reduced renal protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and IL-1β in the hyperuricemic mice. These results suggested that Siwu decoction exhibited anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting hepatic XOD activity, regulating renal organic ion transporter expression, and suppressing renal NLRP3 inflammasome activation, providing the evidence for its use in the treatment of hyperuricemia and associated kidney inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chun-Hua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Shao Y, Qi X, Xu X, Wang K, Wu Y, Xia L. TGP attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulates the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Biosci Trends 2016; 10:489-495. [PMID: 28025459 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2016.01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)-inflammation chain contributes to diabetic renal injury. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether total glucosides of peony (TGP) could inhibit ERS and attenuate up-regulation of TXNIP in the kidneys of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. TGP was orally administered daily at a dose of 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg for 8 weeks. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), phospho-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (p-PERK), phosphor- eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α), C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), and TXNIP was assessed. Results indicated that TGP significantly decreased diabetes-induced albuminuria and it acted by down-regulating activation of the ERS-TXNIP-inflammation chain in the kidneys of diabetic rats. These findings indicate that renoprotection from TGP in diabetic rats possibly contributed to inhibition of ERS and decreased expression of TXNIP. These findings also offer a new perspective from which to study the molecular mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and prevent its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Shao
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University
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Zhang K, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Gu L, Liu Z, Jia J, Chen X. Effects of phospholipid complexes of total flavonoids from Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves on experimental atherosclerosis rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:245-253. [PMID: 27340105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The total flavonoids from Persimmon leaves (PLF), extracted from the leaves of Diospyros kaki L. Dispryosl and Ebenaceae, is reported to possess many beneficial health effects. However, the oral bioavailability of PLF is relatively low due to its poor solubility. In the present study, the phospholipid complexes of total flavonoids from Persimmon leaves (PLF-PC) was prepared to enhance the oral bioavailability of PLF and to evaluate its antiatherosclerotic properties in atherosclerosis rats in comparison to PLF. A HPLC-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of quercetin and kaempferol in rats plasma to assess the oral bioavailability of PLF-PC. The effect of PLF (50mg/kg/d) and PLF-PC (equivalent to PLF 50mg/kg/d) on atherosclerosis rats induced by excessive administration of vitamin D (600,000IU/kg) and cholesterol (0.5g/kg/d) was assessed after orally administered for 4 weeks. The relative bioavailabilities of quercetin and kaempferol in PLF-PC relative to PLF were 242% and 337%, respectively. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in serum were measured by an automatic biochemistry analyzer. The morphological changes of aorta were observed with optical microscopy. According to the levels of biochemical parameters in serum and the morphological changes of aorta, PLF-PC showed better therapeutic efficacy compared to PLF. Thus, PLF-PC holds a promising potential for increasing the oral bioavailability of PLF. Moreover, PLF-PC exerts better therapeutic potential in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease than PLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexia Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Meiyu Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liqiang Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ziying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jingming Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Ismawati, Oenzil F, Yanwirasti, Yerizel E. Changes in expression of proteasome in rats at different stages of atherosclerosis. Anat Cell Biol 2016; 49:99-106. [PMID: 27382511 PMCID: PMC4927436 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2016.49.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that proteasome system has a role in initiation, progression, and complication stages of atherosclerosis. Although there is still controversy, there has been no research that compares the expression of proteasome in tissue and serum at each of these stages. This study aimed to investigated the expression of proteasome at different stages of atherosclerosis using rat model. We measured the expression of aortic proteasome by immunohistochemical analyses and were then analyzed using ImageJ software for percentage of area and integrated density. We used Photoshop version 3.0 to analyze aortic proteasome expression as a comparison. We measured serum proteasome expression by enzyme linked immunosorbents assays. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare mean value of percentage of area and serum proteasome. Analysis of variance test was used to compare mean value of integrated density. Correlation test between vascular proteasome expression and serum proteasome expression was made using Spearman test. A P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Compared with normal, percentage of area was higher in initiation, progression, and complication. Compared with normal, integrated density was higher in initiation and further higher in progression and complication. Data from Image J is similar with data from Photoshop. Serum proteasome expression was higher in initiation compared with normal, and further higher in progression and complication. It was concluded that there were different vascular proteasome expression and serum proteasome expression at the stages of atherosclerosis. These results may be used in research into new marker and therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismawati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Riau University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
| | - Fadil Oenzil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Yanwirasti
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Eti Yerizel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Du G, Wang Y, Cao T, Luo Q, Chen J, Chen F, Tang G. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines in oral lichen planus by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhou L, Cao T, Wang Y, Yao H, Du G, Tian Z, Tang G. Clinical observation on the treatment of oral lichen planus with total glucosides of paeony capsule combined with corticosteroids. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:106-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Anti-tumor effect of Radix Paeoniae Rubra extract on mice bladder tumors using intravesical therapy. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:904-910. [PMID: 27446367 PMCID: PMC4950246 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) is the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas and Paeonia veitchii Lynch, and is a herbal medicine that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of blood-heat and blood-stasis syndrome, similarly to Cortex Moutan. The present study identified the same three components in RPR and Cortex Moutan extracts. In addition, it has been reported that RPR has an anti-cancer effect. Bladder cancer is the seventh most common type of cancer worldwide. Due to the high recurrence rate, identifying novel drugs for bladder cancer therapy is essential. In the present study, RPR extract was evaluated as a bladder cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo. The present results revealed that RPR extract reduced the cell viability of bladder cancer cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 1-3 mg/ml, and had an extremely low cytotoxic effect on normal urothelial cells. Additionally, RPR decreased certain cell cycle populations, predominantly cells in the G1 phase, and caused a clear sub-G increase. In a mouse orthotopic bladder tumor model, intravesical application of RPR extract decreased the bladder tumor size without altering the blood biochemical parameters of the mice. In summary, the present results demonstrate the anti-proliferative properties of RPR extract on bladder cancer cells, and its anti-bladder tumor effect in vivo. Compared to Cortex Moutan extract, RPR extract may provide a more effective alternative therapeutic strategy for the intravesical therapy of superficial bladder cancer.
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Parker S, May B, Zhang C, Zhang AL, Lu C, Xue CC. A Pharmacological Review of Bioactive Constituents ofPaeonia lactifloraPallas andPaeonia veitchiiLynch. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1445-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shefton Parker
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - Brian May
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - Claire Zhang
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - Anthony Lin Zhang
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Guangzhou China
- The Second Clinical College; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
| | - Charlie Changli Xue
- China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Guangzhou China
- The Second Clinical College; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
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29
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Yu J, Xiao F, Asenso J, Zhou P, Yang XD, Wang C, Wei W. Simultaneous determination of paeoniflorin-6′-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) and its active paeoniflorin (Pae) metabolite in rat plasma using UPLC-MS/MS: an application for pharmacokinetic studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22595k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (Pae), a water-soluble monoterpene glucoside, is the main effective component of total glucoside of paeony (TGP) paeoniflorin-6′-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25), an acylated derivative of Pae, was synthesized via esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
| | - Feng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
| | - James Asenso
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
| | - Peng Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
| | - Xiao-Dan Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
- Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230032
- China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine
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30
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Yang XD, Wang C, Zhou P, Yu J, Asenso J, Ma Y, Wei W. Absorption characteristic of paeoniflorin-6′-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) in in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion in rats. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:775-83. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1121553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - James Asenso
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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31
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Zhou X, Song G, Zhang X, Liang X, Li Q, Zhang J, Zhou Y. Beneficial effects of crude extract ofEupatorium lindleyanumDC. in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1088796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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32
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Pan MH, Chiou YS, Tsai ML, Ho CT. Anti-inflammatory activity of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 1:8-24. [PMID: 24716101 PMCID: PMC3943005 DOI: 10.1016/s2225-4110(16)30052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating epidemiological and clinical evidence shows that inflammation is an important risk factor for various human diseases. Thus, suppressing chronic inflammation has the potential to delay, prevent, and control various chronic diseases, including cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, joint, skin, pulmonary, blood, lymph, liver, pancreatic, and intestinal diseases. Various natural products from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been shown to safely suppress proinflammatory pathways and control inflammation-associated disease. In vivo and/or in vitro studies have demonstrated that anti-inflammatory effects of TCM occur by inhibition of the expression of master transcription factors (for example, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)), pro-inflammatory cytokines (for example, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokines (for example, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)-24), intercellular adhesion molecule expression and pro-inflammatory mediators (for example, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)). However, a handful of review articles have focused on the anti-inflammatory activities of TCM and explore their possible mechanisms of action. In this review, we summarize recent research attempting to identify the anti-inflammatory constituents of TCM and their molecular targets that may create new opportunities for innovation in modern pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsiung Pan
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiou Chiou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, USA
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Li S, Chen AJ, Fang S, Li H. Successful treatment of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with total glucosides of paeony. Dermatol Ther 2014; 27:304-6. [PMID: 24774012 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare granulomatous condition that is often associated with a paraproteinemia and in some cases multiple myeloma. We report a case of isolated NXG that responded very well to total glucosides of paeony treatment. Characteristic clinical and histological features of NXG are presented, as well as a discussion regarding management and the use of glucosides of paeony. Treatment with total glucosides of paeony is an effective, safe treatment, which avoids the side effects associated with systemic corticosteroid or cytotoxic agent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Departments of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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34
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CHI LIYI, PENG LIJING, HU XIAOJING, PAN NA, ZHANG YANHAI. Berberine combined with atorvastatin downregulates LOX-1 expression through the ET-1 receptor in monocyte/macrophages. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:283-90. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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35
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Luo C, Wang H, Chen X, Cui Y, Li H, Long J, Mo X, Liu J. Protection of H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts against oxidative insults by total paeony glucosides from Radix Paeoniae Rubrae. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 21:20-24. [PMID: 24035226 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Total paeony glucosides (TPG) extracted from the roots of Radix Paeoniae Rubrae, have been approved for the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis by the State Food and Drug Administration. We previously demonstrated the myocardial protective effects of TPG in both isoprenaline-induced myocardial ischemia rat and acute myocardial infarction rat. However, the underlying mechanism of TPG effect in cardiomyocytes remains to be investigated. The aims of this study were to elucidate the effect of TPG on the activities of antioxidant defense targets and the bioenergetic system in rat cardiomyocytes. The changes of viability, antioxidant defense system activities, protein contents, and mitochondrial functions in tert-butyl hydroperoxide challenged H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts were evaluated. The results suggest that TPG ameliorated cardiomyoblast dysfunction by preserving antioxidant defense and bioenergetic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Life Science, FIST, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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36
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Zhang J, Liang R, Wang L, Yan R, Hou R, Gao S, Yang B. Effects of an aqueous extract of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br. fruit on experimental atherosclerosis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:563-569. [PMID: 23685195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) can result in severe cardiovascular diseases. Early indications of AS include disorders in lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and endothelial dysfunction. Statins are the preferred drugs for stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques because of their lipid-lowering, anti-inflammation and endothelial-protection activities. However, they can exhibit side effects and are effective in only one-third of patients. Many natural products (especially traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs)) possessing similar lipid-lowering, anti-inflammation and antioxidant activities are of interest in many studies exploring new AS drug therapy. The widely distributed hawthorn is used to prevent and cure heart disease not only in China but also in the United States and several European countries. For example, the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br. (a commonly used hawthorn fruit in China) is used in combination with other TCMs to treat AS. Studies have also shown that the water extracts of these two hawthorn fruits are effective against hyperlipidemia by lowering lipid levels, reducing endothelial dysfunction, and inhibiting inflammation. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect and possible mechanisms of the aqueous extract of Crataegus pinnatifida var. major on AS rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida var. major was extracted with 70% ethanol; the ethanol extract was chromatographed on a D101 macroporous resin to obtain a sugar-free aqueous extract (AECP). Atherosclerotic rats were fed a high-fat diet and injected with vitamin D3 and ovalbumin. Rats were divided into five groups: normal, model, model plus simvastatin, model plus low-dose AECP, and model plus high-dose AECP. AECP and simvastatin were administered (via the intragastric route) to AECP groups and the simvastatin group. For normal and model groups, water was given for 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in blood were measured by an automatic biochemistry analyzer. Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, nitric oxide (NO), endothelin (ET), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-18 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pathological changes in arteries were observed using an optical microscope and the intima-media thickness (IMT) calculated. Cholesterol deposition was evaluated by filipin staining. Chemical ingredients in AECP were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative means by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS AECP significantly reduced the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C but increased HDL-C levels. It also decreased the concentrations of CRP, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-18. AECP increased levels of ET and TXB2 but increased 6-keto-PGF1α levels. Histopathological examination showed that AECP inhibited pathological changes in the arteries of AS rats and reduced IMT. Chemical analysis suggested that the main components of AECP were chlorogenic acid, procyanidin B2, (-)-epicatechin, rutin and isoquercitrin. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that AECP can inhibit AS progression in high-fat-diet-fed rats. Possible mechanisms of action include improvement of lipid metabolism, decrease in inflammatory cytokine responses, and protection of the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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37
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Zhang W, Zhang J, Jiang Q, Xia W. The hypolipidemic activity of chitosan nanopowder prepared by ultrafine milling. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 95:487-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Lin TJ, Wang KC, Lin CC, Chiang LC, Chang JS. Anti-Viral Activity of Water Extract of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas Against Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Human Respiratory Tract Cell Lines. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:585-99. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (P. lactiflora, Ranunculaceae) is a common ingredient of Sheng-Ma-Ge-Gen-Tang (SMGGT; Shoma-kakkon-to) and Ge-Gen-Tang (GGT; kakkon-to). SMGGT and GGT are different prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine with different ingredients designed for airway symptoms. Both SMGGT and GGT have anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV). Therefore, P. lactiflora was hypothesized to be the effective ingredient of both SMGGT and GGT against HRSV. However, P. lactiflora does not have any proven antiviral activity. This study used both human upper (Human larynx epidermoid carcinoma cell line, HEp-2) and lower (human lung carcinoma cell line, A549) respiratory tract cells to test the hypothesis that a hot water extract of P. lactiflora could effectively inhibit plaque formation induced by HRSV infection. The ability of P. lactiflora to stimulate anti-viral cytokines was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that P. lactiflora was time-dependently and dose-dependently effective against HRSV in HEp-2 and A549 cells, particularly supplemented before viral inoculation (p < 0.0001). 10 μg/ml P. lactiflora had a comparable anti-HRSV activity with 10 μg/ml ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral agent. P. lactiflora was dose-dependently effective against viral attachment (p < 0.0001), with a better effect on A549 cells (p < 0.0001). P. lactiflora was time-dependently (p < 0.0001) and dose-dependently (p < 0.0001) effective against viral penetration. Moreover, P. lactiflora stimulated IFN-β secretion without any effect on TNF-α secretion. Therefore, P. lactiflora could be beneficial at preventing HRSV infection by inhibiting viral attachment, internalization, and stimulating IFN secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzeng-Jih Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Wang
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Chai Chiang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jung-San Chang
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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39
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Wang Q, Kuang H, Su Y, Sun Y, Feng J, Guo R, Chan K. Naturally derived anti-inflammatory compounds from Chinese medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:9-39. [PMID: 23274744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Though inflammatory response is beneficial to body damage repair, if it is out of control, it can produce adverse effects on the body. Although purely western anti-inflammatory drugs, orthodox medicines, can control inflammation occurrence and development, it is not enough. The clinical efficacy of anti-inflammation therapies is unsatisfactory, thus the search for new anti-inflammation continues. Chinese Material Medica (CMM) remains a promising source of new therapeutic agents. CMM and herbal formulae from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), unorthodox medicines, play an improtant anti-inflammatory role in multi-targets, multi-levels, and multi-ways in treating inflammation diseases in a long history in China, based on their multi-active ingredient characteristics. Due to these reasons, recently, CMM has been commercialized as an anti-inflammation agent which has become increasingly popular in the world health drug markets. Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated vast amount of data associated with CMM in anti-inflammtion aspect. Therefore, a systematic introduction of CMM anti-inflammatory research progress is of great importance and necessity. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper strives to describe the progress of CMM in the treatment of inflammatory diseases from different aspects, and provide the essential theoretical support and scientific evidence for the further development and utilization of CMM resources as a potential anti-inflammation drug through a variety of databases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Literature survey was performed via electronic search (SciFinder®, Pubmed®, Google Scholar and Web of Science) on papers and patents and by systematic research in ethnopharmacological literature at various university libraries. RESULTS This review mainly introduced the current research on the anti-inflammatory active ingredient, anti-inflammatory effects of CMM, their mechanism, anti-inflammatory drug development of CMM, and toxicological information. CONCLUSION CMM is used clinically to treat inflammation symptoms in TCM, and its effect is mediated by multiple targets through multiple active ingredients. Although scholars around the world have made studies on the anti-inflammatory studies of CMM from different pathways and aspects and have made substantial progress, further studies are warranted to delineate the inflammation actions in more cogency models, establish the toxicological profiles and quality standards, assess the potentials of CMM in clinical applications, and make more convenient preparations easy to administrate for patients. Development of the clinically anti-inflammatory drugs are also warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Chen N, Liu D, Soromou LW, Sun J, Zhong W, Guo W, Huo M, Li H, Guan S, Chen Z, Feng H. Paeonol suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cytokines in macrophage cells and protects mice from lethal endotoxin shock. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2013; 28:268-76. [PMID: 23413967 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Paeonol (2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone) is the main phenolic compound of the radix of Paeonia suffruticosa which has been used as traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we primarily investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying mechanisms of paeonol in RAW macrophage cells; and based on these effects, we assessed the protective effects of paeonol on lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in mice. The in vitro study showed that paeonol regulated the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 via inactivation of IκBα, ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 MAPK. In mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are significantly regulated, and thus the survival rates of lipolysaccharide-challenged mice are improved by paeonol (150, 200, or 250 mg/kg). Therefore, paeonol has a beneficial activity against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cell and mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
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Liu C, Zhang W, Wang Q, Sun Y, Diao GW. The water-soluble inclusion complex of ilexgenin A with β-cyclodextrin polymer – a novel lipid-lowering drug candidate. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4993-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40715b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Zhou Z, Lin J, Huo R, Huang W, Zhang J, Wang L, Sun Y, Shen B, Li N. Total glucosides of paeony attenuated functional maturation of dendritic cells via blocking TLR4/5 signaling in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 14:275-82. [PMID: 22846756 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the initiation and development of an immune response. Inhibitory effect on DC maturation alters immune-mediated inflammatory reaction in vivo. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) are active compounds extracted from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora and have been widely used to ameliorate inflammation in therapy for autoimmune diseases. However, whether TGP act on DC maturation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of TGP on DC maturation in ovalbumin (OVA) immunized mice. Ear inflammation was inhibited by TGP (150 mgkg(-1), i.p.×11 days) obviously. The antigen presenting capacity of DC derived from TGP-treated mice was arrested. Meanwhile, OVA specific T cell proliferation was inhibited. In addition, we found that maturation of DCs was decreased by TGP treatment. Furthermore, OVA specific T cell proliferation was rescued by the adoptive transfer of mature DCs (mDCs) into TGP treated OVA-challenged mice. The research on the mechanism showed that TGP significantly inhibited activation of TLR4/5 singling. All these results demonstrated that TGP inhibited DC maturation and function by selectively blocking TLR4/5 activation in vivo, which in turn leads to reduce immune-mediated inflammation in vivo, adding a novel mechanism and therapeutic target of TGP for inflammatory and autoimmune disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institute of medical sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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43
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Jin SN, Wen JF, Wang TT, Kang DG, Lee HS, Cho KW. Vasodilatory effects of ethanol extract of Radix Paeoniae Rubra and its mechanism of action in the rat aorta. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:188-193. [PMID: 22543176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) is an important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly used in clinic for a long history in China. RPR is the radix of either Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch. RPR has a wide variety of pharmacological actions such as anti-thrombus, anti-coagulation, and anti-atherosclerotic properties, protecting heart and liver. However, the mechanisms involved are to be defined. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to define the effect of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. extracts on vascular tension and responsible mechanisms in rat thoracic aortic rings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanol extract of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (EPL) was examined for their vascular relaxant effects in isolated phenylephrine-precontracted rat thoracic aorta. RESULTS EPL induced relaxation of the phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner. Vascular relaxation induced by EPL was significantly inhibited by removal of the endothelium or pretreatment of the rings with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) or 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo-[4,3-α]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). Extracellular Ca²⁺ depletion or diltiazem significantly attenuated EPL-induced vasorelaxation. Modulators of the store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE), thapsigargin, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate and Gd³⁺, and an inhibitor of Akt, wortmannin, markedly attenuated the EPL-induced vasorelaxation. Further, the EPL-induced vasorelaxation was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with tetraethylammonium, a non-selective K(Ca) channels blocker, or glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels inhibitor, respectively. Inhibition of cyclooxygenases with indomethacin, and adrenergic and muscarinic receptors blockade had no effects on the EPL-induced vasorelaxation. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that EPL relaxes vascular smooth muscle via endothelium-dependent and Akt- and SOCE-eNOS-cGMP-mediated pathways through activation of both K(Ca) and K(ATP) channels and inhibition of L-type Ca²⁺ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Nan Jin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271016, China.
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Long J, Gao M, Kong Y, Shen X, Du X, Son YO, Shi X, Liu J, Mo X. Cardioprotective effect of total paeony glycosides against isoprenaline-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:672-676. [PMID: 22483552 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniae radix is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb for treating some diseases; important components are total paeony glycosides (TPGs), an approved drug by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) for the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We firstly reported myocardial benefits of TPGs previously, and the present study is to further investigate the underlying mechanisms for preventing oxidative damage in cardiomyopathy. We measured the capacity of TPGs to scavenge free radicals in vitro. Then 60 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) a normal control group, (2) an isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemic model group, (3) a TPG treatment group (TPGs 269.4 mg/kg delivered by intragastric administration for 3 days before ISO administration and TPGs 449 mg/kg delivered for 3 days after ISO administration), (4) a TPG therapy group (TPGs 449 mg/kg delivered for 3 days after ISO administration), and (5) a positive control group (propranolol 15 mg/kg for 3 days after ISO administration). The ISO-induced myocardial ischemic model was established by subcutaneous injection of 1mg/kg/8h ISO (2 times). The activities of myocardial enzymes, including glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the content of lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. We found that TPGs potently eliminated hydroxyl radicals and superoxide in vitro using ESR assays. Compared with model rats, TPG treatment, TPG therapy and the positive control treatment exhibited significantly reduced activities of GOT, LDH, and CK (p < 0.01), increased activity of SOD (p < 0.01) and lower levels of MDA (p < 0.05). More interestingly, the protective effect of TPG treatment was even better than that of propranolol. These results suggest that TPGs significantly ameliorate ISO-induced myocardial ischemia and their action might be through reducing oxidative stress in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Long
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an 710049, China
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Wang R, Peng X, Wang L, Tan B, Liu J, Feng Y, Yang S. Preparative purification of peoniflorin and albiflorin from peony rhizome using macroporous resin and medium-pressure liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1985-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoguo Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Soochow University; Suzhou; China
| | - Liming Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Soochow University; Suzhou; China
| | - Beibei Tan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Soochow University; Suzhou; China
| | - Jiangyun Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Soochow University; Suzhou; China
| | - Yulin Feng
- College of Pharmacy; Jiangxi University of Chinese Traditional Medicine; Nanchang; China
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