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Zhou G, Zhuang Y, Dai Y, Chen C, Jiang B, Li G, Yin L. A LC-MS-based serum pharmacochemistry approach to reveal the compatibility features of mutual promotion/assistance herb pairs in Xijiao Dihuang decoction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116111. [PMID: 38493752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Xijiao Dihuang decoction (XDT), a famous formula, was usually used to improve the prognosis of patients with blood-heat and blood-stasis syndrome-related diseases. There were some mutual promotion and mutual assistance herb pairs in XDT. However, the exact functions of these herb pairs in the compatibility of XDT were not elucidated due to the lack of appropriate methodologies. Based on the theory of serum pharmacochemistry, a systematic method was established for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of characteristic components in the extracts and drug-containing plasma samples of XDT and its relational mutual promotion/assistance herb pairs. For qualitative analysis, 85 characteristic components were identified using the liquid chromatography with triple time-of-flight mass/mass spectrometry (LC-Triple QTOF-MS/MS) based on the mass defect filtering, product ion filtering, neutral loss filtering and isotope pattern filtering techniques. For quantitative detection, a relative quantitation assay using an extract ion chromatogram (EIC) of the full scan MS experiment was validated and employed to assess the quantity of the 85 identified compounds in the test samples of single herb, herb pairs and XDT. The results of multivariate statistical analyses indicated that both the assistant and guide herbs could improve the solubilization of active compounds from the sovereign and minister herbs in XDT in vitro, might change the trans-membrane transportation, and regulate metabolism in vivo. The methods used in present study might be also valuable for the investigation of multiple components from other classic TCM formulas for the purpose of compatibility feature study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guisheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cuihua Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Baoping Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guochun Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lian Yin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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2
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Zhang CW, Zou YF, Zou Y, JiZe XP, Li CY, Fu YP, Huang C, Li LX, Yin ZQ, Wu FM, Rise F, Inngjerdingen KT, Zhang SQ, Zhao XH, Song X, Zhou X, Ye G, Tian ML. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from Paeoniae Radix alba: Extraction optimization, structural characterization and antioxidant mechanism in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131816. [PMID: 38677682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Paeoniae Radix alba is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, immunomodulatory, cancer, and other diseases. In the current study, the yield of Paeoniae Radix alba polysaccharide (PRP) was significantly increased with optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction compared to hot water extraction. Further, an acidic polysaccharide (PRP-AP) was isolated from PRP after chromatographic separation and was characterized as a typical pectic polysaccharide with side chains of arabinogalactans types I and II. Moreover, it showed antioxidant effects on LPS-induced damage on IPEC-J2 cells determined by qRT-PCR and ELISA, including decreasing the pro-inflammatory factors' expressions and increasing the antioxidant enzymes activities, which was shown to be related to the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway modulated by PRP-AP. The metabolites change (such as itaconate, cholesterol sulfate, etc.) detected by untargeted metabolomic analysis in cells was also shown to be modulated by PRP-AP, and these metabolites were further utilized and protected cells damaged by LPS. These results revealed the cellular active mechanism of the macromolecular PRP-AP on protecting cells, and supported the hypothesis that PRP-AP has strong benefits as an alternative dietary supplement for the prevention of intestinal oxidative stress by modulating cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wen Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Ping JiZe
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cen-Yu Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yu-Ping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhong-Qiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | | | - Frode Rise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sha-Qiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Meng-Liang Tian
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Liao T, Kang J, Ma Z, Jie L, Feng M, Liu D, Mao J, Wang P, Xing R. Total glucosides of white paeony capsule alleviate articular cartilage degeneration and aberrant subchondral bone remodeling in knee osteoarthritis. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38649260 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that is primarily managed by improving the destroyed cartilage and reversing subchondral bone remodeling. Total glucosides of white paeony (TGP) capsule primarily contains extracts from the white peony root and has been shown to have various pharmacological effects, but its role in KOA still requires comprehensive evaluation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of TGP on knee cartilage and subchondral bone, as well as elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The effect of TGP on KOA progression was evaluated in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced KOA model of mouse and interleukin (IL)-1β-induced KOA model of primary mouse chondrocytes. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that TGP had a protective effect on the cartilage. Treatment with TGP could induce the synthesis of critical elements in the cartilage extracellular matrix and downregulate the synthesis of degrading enzymes in the extracellular matrix. Regarding the underlying mechanisms, TGP inhibited the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 by regulating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In addition, TGP could reduce the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, it has a sustained effect on coupled subchondral bone remodeling through regulation of the OPG/RANKL/RANK pathway. In conclusion, TGP may protect articular cartilage by downregulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and may support coupled subchondral bone remodeling by regulating OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway in the DMM-induced KOA model of mouse, suggesting a new therapeutic potential for KOA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyang Liao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Kang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhenyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lishi Jie
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Deren Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Runlin Xing
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Batinić P, Jovanović A, Stojković D, Zengin G, Cvijetić I, Gašić U, Čutović N, Pešić MB, Milinčić DD, Carević T, Marinković A, Bugarski B, Marković T. Phytochemical Analysis, Biological Activities, and Molecular Docking Studies of Root Extracts from Paeonia Species in Serbia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:518. [PMID: 38675478 PMCID: PMC11054981 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Without being aware of their chemical composition, many cultures have used herbaceous peony roots for medicinal purposes. Modern phytopreparations intended for use in human therapy require specific knowledge about the chemistry of peony roots and their biological activities. In this study, ethanol-water extracts were prepared by maceration and microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extractions (MAE and UAE, respectively) in order to obtain bioactive molecules from the roots of Paeonia tenuifolia L., Paeonia peregrina Mill., and Paeonia officinalis L. wild growing in Serbia. Chemical characterization; polyphenol and flavonoid content; antioxidant, multianti-enzymatic, and antibacterial activities of extracts; and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID) of hot water extracts were performed. The strongest anti-cholinesterase activity was observed in PT extracts. The highest anti-ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical potential was observed in PP extracts, whereas against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals), the best results were achieved with PO extracts. Regarding antibacterial activity, extracts were strongly potent against Bacillus cereus. A molecular docking simulation was conducted to gather insights into the binding affinity and interactions of polyphenols and other Paeonia-specific molecules in the active sites of tested enzymes. In vitro GID of Paeonia teas showed a different recovery and behavior of the individual bioactives, with an increased recovery of methyl gallate and digallate and a decreased recovery of paeoniflorin and its derivatives. PT (Gulenovci) and PP (Pirot) extracts obtained by UAE and M were more efficient in the majority of the bioactivity assays. This study represents an initial step toward the possible application of Paeonia root extracts in pharmacy, medicine, and food technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Batinić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Jovanović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (U.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Ilija Cvijetić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Students Square 10-13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (U.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Natalija Čutović
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Mirjana B. Pešić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.P.); (D.D.M.)
| | - Danijel D. Milinčić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.P.); (D.D.M.)
| | - Tamara Carević
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (U.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Aleksandar Marinković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Branko Bugarski
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Tatjana Marković
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.Č.); (T.M.)
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Bak SB, Choi H, Kim GD, Kim JG, Kwon DA, Kim HY, Son DW, Jeong JH, Lee BW, An HJ, Lee HS. Evaluation of acute, 28-day, 13-week repeated dose oral toxicity and genotoxicity of a herbal extract (HemoHIM G) from Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, and Peaonia lactiflora. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:297-311. [PMID: 38525135 PMCID: PMC10959894 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-024-00227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
HemoHIM G is a functional food ingredient composed of a triple herbal combination of Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, and Paeonia lactiflora, to improve impaired immune function. Considering the pharmacological benefits of its constituent herbal components, HemoHIM G is anticipated to have various health benefits; however, its toxicity has not been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study to assess the safety of HemoHIM G in terms of acute oral toxicity, 13-week repeat-dose toxicity, and genotoxicity. In the oral acute toxicity study, Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered a single dose of HemoHIM G at 5000 mg/kg/day, the limit dose for the acute study. No abnormal findings or adverse effects were observed in this study, as confirmed by gross pathology. A 13-week repeated-dose toxicity study was conducted with HemoHIM G at doses of 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg/day to examine the subchronic toxicity in both male and female rats after 28 days of dose-range finding study. No test substance-related clinical signs or mortality was observed at any of the tested doses. Gross pathology, hematology, blood chemistry, and histopathology were within normal ranges, further supporting the safety of HemoHIM G. Therefore, the NOAEL of HemoHIM G was considered to be at 5000 mg/kg/day for both sexes of rats. Bacterial reverse mutation tests, a chromosome aberration test in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, and a mouse micronuclei test were conducted to identify the potential genotoxicity of HemoHIM G. HemoHIM G is non-mutagenic and non-clastogenic. Collectively, these findings provide valuable evidence for the safe use of HemoHIM G as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Bin Bak
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Choi
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoung-Deuck Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Gyeong Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Ae Kwon
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Young Kim
- Biotoxtech Co., 53, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28115 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Son
- Biotoxtech Co., 53, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28115 Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hun Jeong
- Biotoxtech Co., 53, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28115 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Woo Lee
- Biotoxtech Co., 53, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28115 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Biotoxtech Co., 53, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28115 Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Sung Lee
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
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Son J, Cha MR, Song S, Oh B, Bang S, Cha J, Lim SD, Yang SY. Efficacy of a mixed extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Paeonia lactiflora in inhibiting the aging of vascular wall through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:420-428. [PMID: 38281062 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Vascular wall aging has been strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of USCP-GVH-014, a mixed extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Paeonia lactiflora Pall., in inhibiting vascular wall aging through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results revealed that USCP-GVH-014 inhibited abnormal cell proliferation, collagen overproduction, and MMP-2 and MMP-9 overexpression caused by various stimuli and recovered the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase on human aortic smooth muscle cells. In addition, it inhibited the increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha on human aortic endothelial cells and prevented the aging of the vascular wall by regulating related proteins such as epidermal growth factor and interleukin-1ß. Furthermore, it reduced vascular aging in in vivo studies. These results demonstrate that USCP-GVH-014 effectively reduces vascular aging, thereby rendering it a potential therapeutic candidate for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juah Son
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Cha
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjin Song
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byulnim Oh
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jinwook Cha
- USCAREPHARM Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Don Lim
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Graduate School, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- Department of Biology Education, Teachers College and Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Li H, Yu W, Yang Y, Li S, Xu J, Gao C, Zhang W, Shi W, Jin K, Ji X, Ren C. Combination of Atractylenolide I, Atractylenolide III, and Paeoniflorin promotes angiogenesis and improves neurological recovery in a mouse model of ischemic Stroke. Chin Med 2024; 19:3. [PMID: 38178130 PMCID: PMC10768365 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis is critically important in stroke cases, with angiogenesis playing a key role in determining outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Atractylenolide I (Atr I), Atractylenolide III (Atr III), and Paeoniflorin (Pae) in promoting angiogenesis following cerebral ischemia. METHODS The bEnd.3 cell line was used to evaluate the effects of these three compounds on vascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by daily intragastric administration of the Chinese medicine compounds to assess their impact on brain protection and angiogenesis. In vivo experiments included measuring infarct size and assessing neurological function. Immunofluorescence staining and an angiogenesis antibody array were used to evaluate angiogenesis in ischemic brain tissue. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to further investigate the pathways involved in the protective effects of the compounds. Molecular docking analysis explored the potential binding affinity of the compounds to insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), and Western blotting was used to measure levels of angiogenesis-related proteins. RESULTS In vitro, the combination of Atr I, Atr III, and Pae enhanced cell proliferation, promoted migration, and stimulated tube formation. In vivo, the combined treatment significantly facilitated neurological function recovery and angiogenesis by day 14. The treatment also increased levels of angiogenesis-related proteins, including IGF-2. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive association between IGF-2 levels in ischemic brain tissue and angiogenesis, suggesting a good affinity of the compounds for the IGF-2 binding site, as supported by molecular docking analysis. CONCLUSION The administration of Atr I, Atr III, and Pae has shown significant enhancements in long-term stroke recovery in mice, likely due to the promotion of angiogenesis via increased activation of the IGF-2 pathway in ischemic brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chines Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wantong Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chines Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Health Science Center, University of North, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Changhong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Chang Chun Road 45, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Cai H, Xu R, Tian P, Zhang M, Zhu L, Yin T, Zhang H, Liu X. Complete Chloroplast Genomes and the Phylogenetic Analysis of Three Native Species of Paeoniaceae from the Sino-Himalayan Flora Subkingdom. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:257. [PMID: 38203426 PMCID: PMC10778623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Paeonia delavayi var. lutea, Paeonia delavayi var. angustiloba, and Paeonia ludlowii are Chinese endemics that belong to the Paeoniaceae family and have vital medicinal and ornamental value. It is often difficult to classify Paeoniaceae plants based on their morphological characteristics, and the limited genomic information has strongly hindered molecular evolution and phylogenetic studies of Paeoniaceae. In this study, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the chloroplast genomes of P. delavayi var. lutea, P. delavayi var. angustiloba, and P. ludlowii. The chloroplast genomes of these strains were comparatively analyzed, and their phylogenetic relationships and divergence times were inferred. These three chloroplast genomes exhibited a typical quadripartite structure and were 152,687-152,759 bp in length. Each genome contains 126-132 genes, including 81-87 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNAs, and 8 ribosomal RNAs. In addition, the genomes had 61-64 SSRs, with mononucleotide repeats being the most abundant. The codon bias patterns of the three species tend to use codons ending in A/U. Six regions of high variability were identified (psbK-psbL, trnG-UCC, petN-psbM, psbC, rps8-rpl14, and ycf1) that can be used as DNA molecular markers for phylogenetic and taxonomic analysis. The Ka/Ks ratio indicates positive selection for the rps18 gene associated with self-replication. The phylogenetic analysis of 99 chloroplast genomes from Saxifragales clarified the phylogenetic relationships of Paeoniaceae and revealed that P. delavayi var. lutea, P. delavayi var. angustiloba, and P. ludlowii are monophyletic groups and sisters to P. delavayi. Divergence time estimation revealed two evolutionary divergences of Paeoniaceae species in the early Oligocene and Miocene. Afterward, they underwent rapid adaptive radiation from the Pliocene to the early Pleistocene when P. delavayi var. lutea, P. delavayi var. angustiloba, and P. ludlowii formed. The results of this study enrich the chloroplast genomic information of Paeoniaceae and reveal new insights into the phylogeny of Paeoniaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tuo Yin
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Southwest Mountain Forest Resources, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (H.C.); (R.X.); (P.T.); (M.Z.); (L.Z.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hanyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Southwest Mountain Forest Resources, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (H.C.); (R.X.); (P.T.); (M.Z.); (L.Z.); (T.Y.)
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Southwest Mountain Forest Resources, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (H.C.); (R.X.); (P.T.); (M.Z.); (L.Z.); (T.Y.)
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Du K, Liu T, Ma W, Guo J, Chen S, Wen J, Zhou R, Cui Y, Wang S, Li L, Li J, Chang Y. A global profiling strategy for identification of the total constituents in Chinese herbal medicine based on online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with intelligentized chemical classification guidance. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1710:464387. [PMID: 37757527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive strategy for effective identification of total constituents in Chinese patent medicine has been advanced applying full scan-preferred parent ions capture-static and active exclusion (FS-PIC-SAE) acquisition coupled with intelligent deep-learning supported mass defect filter (MDF) process, with Naoxintong capsule (NXT) as a case. Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2DLC) coupled with Q-TOF-MS/MS system was established for obtaining the excellent separation and detection performance of total components, which could exhibit excellent peak capacity with 1052 and orthogonality with 0.69. In addition, a total of 901 unknown compounds could be classified into nine chemical classes rapidly and effectively, based on the intelligent deep-learning algorithm supported MDF model with 96.4% accuracy. Consequently, 276 compounds were successfully identified from NXT, especially including 44 flavonoids, 27 phenolic acids, 25 fatty acids, 17 saponins, 21 phthalocyanines, 20 triterpenes, 10 monoterpenes, 13 diterpenoid ketones, 14 amino acids, and others. It is concluded that the proposed program is an effective and practical strategy enabling the in-depth chemical profiling of complex herbal and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wentao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiading Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiake Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shuangqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Su J, Tan Q, Wu S, Abbas B, Yang M. Application of Kombucha Fermentation Broth for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13984. [PMID: 37762292 PMCID: PMC10530541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment for sepsis and its complications in the clinic is primarily in the forms of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and antioxidant drugs. Kombucha, a traditional fermented beverage rich in tea polyphenols and organic acids, offers several benefits including bacteriostasis, anti-inflammation ability, and boosting the immune system. Currently, research on kombucha is primarily focused on its antibacterial and antioxidant properties; however, in-depth exploration of the involved mechanisms is lacking. Herein, turmeric, Paeoniae alba, and black tea were used as fermentation substrates to detect the bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities of the fermentation broth and evaluate its anti-inflammatory effects on RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). The results showed that fermentation enhanced the antibacterial activity of turmeric against E. coli and S. aureus and that of Paeoniae alba against S. aureus. Turmeric black tea exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The fermentation broth of turmeric and turmeric black tea significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPSs. Our results showed that using turmeric and Paeoniae alba culture media as substrates can enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of fermentation broth and provide a new strategy for developing anti-inflammatory substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.T.); (S.W.); (B.A.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions-Fujian Province University, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Qingqing Tan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.T.); (S.W.); (B.A.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions-Fujian Province University, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Shun Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.T.); (S.W.); (B.A.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions-Fujian Province University, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Bilal Abbas
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.T.); (S.W.); (B.A.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions-Fujian Province University, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Minhe Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.T.); (S.W.); (B.A.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions-Fujian Province University, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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Zheng Y, Li P, Shen J, Yang K, Wu X, Wang Y, Yuan YH, Xiao P, He C. Comprehensive comparison of different parts of Paeonia ostii, a food-medicine plant, based on untargeted metabolomics, quantitative analysis, and bioactivity analysis. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1243724. [PMID: 37711307 PMCID: PMC10497777 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1243724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Paeonia ostii T. Hong & J.X. Zhang (s.s.) (Chinese name, Fengdan) is a widely cultivated food-medicine plant in China, in which root bark, seed kernels, and flowers are utilized for their medicinal and edible values. However, other parts of the plant are not used efficiently, in part due to a poor understanding of their chemical composition and potential biological activity. Methods Untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) metabolomics was applied to characterize the metabolic profiles of 10 different parts of P. ostii. Results and discussion A total of 160 metabolites were alternatively identified definitely or tentatively, which were significantly different in various plant parts by multivariate statistical analysis. Quantitative analysis showed that underutilized plant parts also contain many active ingredients. Compared with the medicinal part of root bark, the root core part still contains a higher content of paeoniflorin (17.60 ± 0.06 mg/g) and PGG (15.50 ± 2.00 mg/g). Petals, as an edible part, contain high levels of quercitrin, and stamens have higher methyl gallate and PGG. Unexpectedly, the ovary has the highest content of methyl gallate and rather high levels of PGG (38.14 ± 1.27 mg/g), and it also contains surprisingly high concentrations of floralalbiflorin I. Paeoniflorin (38.68 ± 0.76 mg/g) is the most abundant in leaves, and the content is even higher than in the root bark. Branches are also rich in a variety of catechin derivatives and active ingredients such as hydrolyzable tannins. Seed kernels also contain fairly high levels of paeoniflorin and albiflorin. Fruit shells still contain a variety of components, although not at high levels. Seed coats, as by-products removed from peony seeds before oil extraction, have high contents of stilbenes, such as trans-gnetin H and suffruticosol B, showing significant potential for exploitation. Except for the seed kernels, extracts obtained from other parts exhibited good antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays (0.09-1.52 mmol TE/g). Five compounds (gallic acid, PGG, trans-resveratrol, kaempferol, and quercitrin) were important ingredients that contributed to their antioxidant activities. Furthermore, P. ostii seed cakes were first reported to possess agonistic activity toward CB1/CB2 receptors. This study provides a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of P. ostii plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-he Yuan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunnian He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Zhou H, Li T, Li B, Sun S. Skin health properties of Paeonia lactiflora flower extracts and tyrosinase inhibitors and free radical scavengers identified by HPLC post-column bioactivity assays. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18569. [PMID: 37560664 PMCID: PMC10407147 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin health is a major concern across the world. The Paeonia lactiflora Pall. flower (PLPF) is well-known in China as an edible ornamental flower, that has been traditionally prescribed for the treatment of irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. However, its chemical constituents and bioactivities have not been systematically stuided. This study tentatively identified 27 compounds in aqueous and ethanol extracts of PLPF using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, including four monoterpene glycosides, six phenols, six tannins, ten flavonoids and a hydroxycinnamic acid amide. Online antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor screening assays based on post-column bioactivity tests were used to screen for bioactive compounds in the extracts. Online and offline bioactivity assays showed that both extracts exhibited notable antioxidant properties against DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, potent antiglycation capacity, and significant inhibition of tyrosinase, cyclooxygenase-2, and collagenase. Gallic acid derivatives were the main contributors to the antioxidant and antityrosinase capacity and may also inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and collagenase, but they exhibited weak antiglycation capacity. The antiglycation effects may be due to the synergistic action of gallic acid and specific flavonoids. PLPF is a promising source of bioactive compounds for the development of natural skin health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiji Zhou
- Amway (Shanghai) Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingzhao Li
- Amway (Shanghai) Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, Shanghai, China
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi, 214145, China
| | - Bo Li
- Amway (Shanghai) Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, Shanghai, China
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi, 214145, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Amway (Shanghai) Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, Shanghai, China
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi, 214145, China
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Kim JH, Han YE, Oh SJ, Lee B, Kwon O, Choi CW, Kim MS. Enhanced neuronal activity by suffruticosol A extracted from Paeonia lactiflora via partly BDNF signaling in scopolamine-induced memory-impaired mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11731. [PMID: 37474737 PMCID: PMC10359324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are explained by progressive defects of cognitive function and memory. These defects of cognition and memory dysfunction can be induced by the loss of brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) signaling. Paeonia lactiflora is a traditionally used medicinal herb in Asian countries and some beneficial effects have been reported, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activity, and potential neuroprotective effects recently. In this study, we found that suffruticosol A is a major compound in seeds of Paeonia lactiflora. When treated in a SH-SY5 cell line for measuring cell viability and cell survival, suffruticosol A increased cell viability (at 20 µM) and recovered scopolamine-induced neurodegenerative characteristics in the cells. To further confirm its neural amelioration effects in the animals, suffruticosol A (4 or 15 ng, twice a week) was administered into the third ventricle beside the brain of C57BL/6 mice for one month then the scopolamine was intraperitoneally injected into these mice to induce impairments of cognition and memory before conducting behavioral experiments. Central administration of suffruticosol A into the brain restored the memory and cognition behaviors in mice that received the scopolamine. Consistently, the central treatments of suffruticosol A showed rescued cholinergic deficits and BDNF signaling in the hippocampus of mice. Finally, we measured the long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse to figure out the restoration of the synaptic mechanism of learning and memory. Bath application of suffruticosol A (40 µM) improved LTP impairment induced by scopolamine in hippocampal slices. In conclusion, the central administration of suffruticosol A ameliorated neuronal effects partly through elevated BDNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Hee Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Han
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Oh
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Obin Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Whan Choi
- Natural Biomaterial Team, Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, 16229, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Pasdaran A, Hassani B, Tavakoli A, Kozuharova E, Hamedi A. A Review of the Potential Benefits of Herbal Medicines, Small Molecules of Natural Sources, and Supplements for Health Promotion in Lupus Conditions. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1589. [PMID: 37511964 PMCID: PMC10416186 DOI: 10.3390/life13071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Latin word lupus, meaning wolf, was in the medical literature prior to the 1200s to describe skin lesions that devour flesh, and the resources available to physicians to help people were limited. The present text reviews the ethnobotanical and pharmacological aspects of medicinal plants and purified molecules from natural sources with efficacy against lupus conditions. Among these molecules are artemisinin and its derivatives, antroquinonol, baicalin, curcumin, emodin, mangiferin, salvianolic acid A, triptolide, the total glycosides of paeony (TGP), and other supplements such as fatty acids and vitamins. In addition, medicinal plants, herbal remedies, mushrooms, and fungi that have been investigated for their effects on different lupus conditions through clinical trials, in vivo, in vitro, or in silico studies are reviewed. A special emphasis was placed on clinical trials, active phytochemicals, and their mechanisms of action. This review can be helpful for researchers in designing new goal-oriented studies. It can also help practitioners gain insight into recent updates on supplements that might help patients suffering from lupus conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran;
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
| | - Bahareh Hassani
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran;
| | - Ali Tavakoli
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran;
| | - Ekaterina Kozuharova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran;
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
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15
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Huang SS, Chu YJ, Chen XX, Su KH, Ko CY, Chi MH, Chao J, Su SY. Herbs for lochia discharge used among postpartum women in Taiwan. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 313:116552. [PMID: 37146845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In the traditional Taiwanese culture of "postpartum confinement", the term "lochia discharge" is a synonym for assisting postpartum uterine involution. Postpartum women in Taiwan consult traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacies to obtain various TCM formulations that facilitate lochia discharge. AIM OF THE STUDY As an ethnopharmacy study, we aimed to conduct field investigations to explore the herbal composition of TCM formulations for lochia discharge provided by TCM pharmacies in Taiwan and to identify the pharmaceutical implications of these TCM formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through stratified sampling, we collected 98 formulations for postpartum lochia discharge from TCM pharmacies, which used a total of 60 medicinal materials. RESULTS The most common plant families of the medicinal materials found in Taiwanese lochia discharge formulations were Fabaceae and Lauraceae. Abiding by the TCM theory of nature and flavor, most drugs were warm in nature and sweet in flavor, and predominantly focused on the traditional functions of qi tonifying and blood activating. Correlation and network analyses of the medicinal components of lochia discharge formulations identified 11 core herbs, which, in the order of most to least frequently used, include Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum striatum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Zingiber officinale, Prunus persica, Eucommia ulmoides, Leonurus japonicus, Lycium chinense, Hedysarum polybotrys, Rehmannia glutinosa, and Paeonia lactiflora. These 11 herbs formed a total of 136 drug combinations in the 98 formulations, with 2-7 herbs in each combination. In addition, in the center of the network were A. sinensis and L. striatum, which jointly appeared in 92.8% of the formulations analyzed. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically review lochia discharge formulations in Taiwan. The results of this study could provide an important basis for subsequent research in the clinical efficacy of Taiwanese lochia discharge formulations and the pharmacological mechanisms of their herbal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-Jhen Chu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Xin-Xi Chen
- Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Han Su
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Yu Ko
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Han Chi
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jung Chao
- Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Zhang J, Li Y, Wang B, Song J, Li M, Chen P, Shen Z, Wu Y, Mao C, Cao H, Wang X, Zhang W, Lu T. Rapid evaluation of Radix Paeoniae Alba and its processed products by near-infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate algorithms. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1719-1732. [PMID: 36763106 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that the processing method of herbal medicine has a complex impact on the active components and clinical efficacy, which is difficult to measure. As a representative herb medicine with diverse processing methods, Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) and its processed products differ greatly in clinical efficacy. However, in some cases, different processed products are confused for use in clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the quality of RPA and its processed products. Giving that the time-consuming and laborious operation of traditional quality control methods, a comprehensive strategy of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate algorithms was proposed. This strategy has the advantages of being rapid and non-destructive, not only qualitatively distinguishing RPA and various processed products but also enabling quantitative prediction of five bioactive components. Qualitatively, the subspace clustering algorithm successfully differentiated RPA and three processed products, with an accuracy rate of 97.1%; quantitatively, interval combination optimization (ICO), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling combined with successive projections algorithm (CARS-SPA) were used to optimize the PLS model, and satisfactory results were obtained in terms of wavelength selection. In conclusion, it is feasible to use NIR spectroscopy to rapidly evaluate the effect of processing methods on the quality of RPA, which provides a meaningful reference for quality control of other herbal medicines with numerous processing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuba Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantao Song
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyuan Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Cao
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan (Southern China), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiachang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China. .,College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, 230038, China.
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Sun Y, Cai J, Ding S, Bao S. Network Pharmacology Was Used to Predict the Active Components and Prospective Targets of Paeoniae Radix Alba for Treatment in Endometriosis. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:1103-1117. [PMID: 36258089 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is one of the most common benign gynecologic diseases. Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) has been utilized to treat endometriosis. We wished to identify potential targets for PRA in the treatment of endometriosis, as well as to provide a groundwork for future studies into its pharmacological mechanism of action. Network pharmacology was employed to conduct investigations on PRA. Target proteins were chosen from the components of PRA for endometriosis treatment. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) was established using overlapping genes. Analyses of enrichment of function and signaling pathways were undertaken using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases to select "hub genes." Finally, the feasibility of analysis based on network pharmacology was determined using real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. We demonstrated that PRA has 25 bioactive components and 167 putative targets that are therapeutically important. The anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting actions of tumor necrosis factor, albumin, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3, mitogen-activated protein kinase, Jun, interleukin (IL)-1B, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and IL-6 were identified as prospective targets. Seven major compounds in PRA and related to the STAT3 pathway could bind spontaneously to it. RT-qPCR and western blotting showed that expression of STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 was reduced significantly after PRA intervention. Hence, analyses of the active components of traditional Chinese medicine formulations through network pharmacology may open up new ideas for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Junhong Cai
- Medical Laboratory Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, China
| | - Shun Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, China
| | - Shan Bao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China.
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18
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Xu S, Liu W, Liu X, Qin C, He L, Wang P, Kong L, Chen X, Liu Z, Ma W. DUS evaluation of nine intersubgeneric hybrids of Paeonia lactiflora and fingerprint analysis of the chemical components in the roots. Front Chem 2023; 11:1158727. [PMID: 36970400 PMCID: PMC10038168 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1158727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intersubgeneric hybrids of Paeonia lactiflora (Paeonia lactiflora pall., P. lactiflora.) cover a huge variety of systems in the genus Paeonia. In recent years, many studies have confirmed that the intersubgeneric hybrids of P. lactiflora. are rich in paeoniflorin and other medicinal ingredients, however, it has always proved difficult to clarify the medicinal value of the hybrids and whether they can be used for medicinal purposes. In this study, the consistency of the plant population was evaluated through DUS evaluation, in order to clarify whether the selected research materials had stability and consistency within the population and specificity between populations. The differences between the paeoniflorin contents in the roots of the nine intersubgeneric hybrids of the P. lactiflora. varieties and two medicinal varieties were critically compared. The differences in the chemical components of the roots of nine intersubgeneric hybrids of P. lactiflora. and reference medicine substances of P. lactiflora. and Paeonia anomala subsp. veitchii (Lynch) D. Y. Hong and K. Y. Pan (Paeonia veitchii Lynch., P. veitchii.) were explored via stoichiometric and chemical fingerprint high performance liquid chromatography analyses. The results showed that there were significant differences in the chemical compositions between the intersubgeneric hybrids of P. lactiflora. and the medicinal reference materials, and the contents of paeoniflorin were elevated such that the hybrids could be used as the raw material for extraction of paeoniflorin, thus providing an opportunity to explore the medicinal value of the hybrids. This study explored the key differential components among the varieties and provides a reference and basis for the study of the medicinal value and the identification of the intersubgeneric hybrids of the P. lactiflora. varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Experimental Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Weili Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Experimental Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiubo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lianqing He
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lingyang Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyang Liu, ; Wei Ma,
| | - Wei Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Experimental Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyang Liu, ; Wei Ma,
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19
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Klontza V, Graikou K, Cheilari A, Kasapis V, Ganos C, Aligiannis N, Chinou I. Phytochemical Study on Seeds of Paeonia clusii subsp. rhodia-Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36902364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the black fertile (BSs) and the red unfertile seeds (RSs) of the Greek endemic Paeonia clusii subsp. rhodia (Stearn) Tzanoud were studied for the first time. Nine phenolic derivatives, trans-resveratol, trans-resveratrol-4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, trans-ε-viniferin, trans-gnetin H, luteolin, luteolin 3'-O-β-d-glucoside, luteolin 3',4'-di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and benzoic acid, along with the monoterpene glycoside paeoniflorin, have been isolated and structurally elucidated. Furthermore, 33 metabolites have been identified from BSs through UHPLC-HRMS, including 6 monoterpene glycosides of the paeoniflorin type with the characteristic cage-like terpenic skeleton found only in plants of the genus Paeonia, 6 gallic acid derivatives, 10 oligostilbene compounds, and 11 flavonoid derivatives. From the RSs, through HS-SPME and GC-MS, 19 metabolites were identified, among which nopinone, myrtanal, and cis-myrtanol have been reported only in peonies' roots and flowers to date. The total phenolic content of both seed extracts (BS and RS) was extremely high (up to 289.97 mg GAE/g) and, moreover, they showed interesting antioxidative activity and anti-tyrosinase properties. The isolated compounds were also biologically evaluated. Especially in the case of trans-gnetin H, the expressed anti-tyrosinase activity was higher than that of kojic acid, which is a well-known whitening agent standard.
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20
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Meng HW, Kim JH, Kim HY, Lee AY, Cho EJ. Paeoniflorin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction by Inhibition of Amyloidogenesis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054838. [PMID: 36902268 PMCID: PMC10003666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, associated with progressive cognitive impairment and memory loss. In the present study, we examined the protective effects of paeoniflorin against memory loss and cognitive decline in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice. Treatment with paeoniflorin alleviated LPS-induced neurobehavioral dysfunction, as confirmed by behavioral tests, including the T-maze test, novel-object recognition test, and Morris water maze test. LPS stimulated the amyloidogenic pathway-related proteins (amyloid precursor protein, APP; β-site APP cleavage enzyme, BACE; presenilin1, PS1; presenilin2, PS2) expression in the brain. However, paeoniflorin decreased APP, BACE, PS1, and PS2 protein levels. Therefore, paeoniflorin reverses LPS-induced cognitive impairment via inhibition of the amyloidogenic pathway in mice, which suggests that paeoniflorin may be useful in the prevention of neuroinflammation related to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wen Meng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (A.Y.L.); (E.J.C.)
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (A.Y.L.); (E.J.C.)
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21
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Paul-Traversaz M, Umehara K, Watanabe K, Rachidi W, Sève M, Souard F. Kampo herbal ointments for skin wound healing. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1116260. [PMID: 36860294 PMCID: PMC9969195 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1116260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of skin wound healing problems is a public health issue in which traditional herbal medicines could play a determining role. Kampo medicine, with three traditionally used ointments, provides interesting solutions for these dermatological issues. These ointments named Shiunkō, Chuōkō, and Shinsen taitsukō all have in common a lipophilic base of sesame oil and beeswax from which herbal crude drugs are extracted according to several possible manufacturing protocols. This review article brings together existing data on metabolites involved in the complex wound healing process. Among them are representatives of the botanical genera Angelica, Lithospermum, Curcuma, Phellodendron, Paeonia, Rheum, Rehmannia, Scrophularia, or Cinnamomum. Kampo provides numerous metabolites of interest, whose content in crude drugs is very sensitive to different biotic and abiotic factors and to the different extraction protocols used for these ointments. If Kampo medicine is known for its singular standardization, ointments are not well known, and research on these lipophilic formulas has not been developed due to the analytical difficulties encountered in biological and metabolomic analysis. Further research considering the complexities of these unique herbal ointments could contribute to a rationalization of Kampo's therapeutic uses for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Paul-Traversaz
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC UMR 5525, EPSP, Grenoble, France,Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kampo Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan,Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG-BGE, Grenoble, France,*Correspondence: Manon Paul-Traversaz,
| | - Kaoru Umehara
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kampo Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan,Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Walid Rachidi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG-BGE, Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Sève
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC UMR 5525, EPSP, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Souard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, Grenoble, France,Univ. libre de Bruxelles, Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Bak SM, Back SM, Kim DY, Jeung NY, Kim NY, Yang JY, Han KH, Kim YB, Min BS, Lee BS, Park SH. Genotoxicity assessment of root extracts of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2023; 886:503579. [PMID: 36868693 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., (Paeoniae Radix, PL) are a well-known herbal remedy used to treat fever, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatitis, and gynecological disorders in East Asia. Here we evaluated the genetic toxicity of PL extracts (as a powder [PL-P] and hot-water extract [PL-W]) in accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines. The Ames test revealed that PL-W was not toxic to S. typhimurium strains and E. coli in absence and presence of the S9 metabolic activation system at concentrations up to 5000 μg/plate, but PL-P produced a mutagenic response to TA100 in the absence of S9 mix. PL-P was cytotoxic in in vitro chromosomal aberrations (more than a 50 % decrease in cell population doubling time), and it increased the frequency of structural and numerical aberrations in absence and presence of S9 mix in a concentration-dependent manner. PL-W was cytotoxic in the in vitro chromosomal aberration tests (more than a 50 % decrease in cell population doubling time) only in the absence of S9 mix, and it induced structural aberrations only in the presence of S9 mix. PL-P and PL-W did not produce toxic response during the in vivo micronucleus test after oral administration to ICR mice and did not induce positive results in the in vivo Pig-a gene mutation and comet assays after oral administration to SD rats. Although PL-P showed genotoxic in two in vitro tests, the results from physiologically relevant in vivo Pig-a gene mutation and comet assays illustrated that PL-P and PL-W does not cause genotoxic effects in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Bak
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seng-Min Back
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Da Yeon Kim
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Young Jeung
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Nan-Young Kim
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Yang
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hyun Han
- Organ Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, the Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Toxicologic Pathology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Park
- Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea.
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23
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Zhang S, Qu-Bie JZ, Feng MK, Qu-Bie AX, Huang Y, Zhang ZF, Yan XJ, Liu Y. Illuminating the biosynthesis pathway genes involved in bioactive specific monoterpene glycosides in Paeonia veitchii Lynch by a combination of sequencing platforms. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:45. [PMID: 36698081 PMCID: PMC9878870 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeonia veitchii Lynch, a well-known herb from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau south of the Himalayas, can synthesize specific monoterpene glycosides (PMGs) with multiple pharmacological activities, and its rhizome has become an indispensable ingredient in many clinical drugs. However, little is known about the molecular background of P. veitchii, especially the genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of PMGs. RESULTS A corrective full-length transcriptome with 30,827 unigenes was generated by combining next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time sequencing (SMRT) of six tissues (leaf, stem, petal, ovary, phloem and xylem). The enzymes terpene synthase (TPS), cytochrome P450 (CYP), UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT), and BAHD acyltransferase, which participate in the biosynthesis of PMGs, were systematically characterized, and their functions related to PMG biosynthesis were analysed. With further insight into TPSs, CYPs, UGTs and BAHDs involved in PMG biosynthesis, the weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) method was used to identify the relationships between these genes and PMGs. Finally, 8 TPSs, 22 CYPs, 7 UGTs, and 2 BAHD genes were obtained, and these putative genes were very likely to be involved in the biosynthesis of PMGs. In addition, the expression patterns of the putative genes and the accumulation of PMGs in tissues suggested that all tissues are capable of biosynthesizing PMGs and that aerial plant parts could also be used to extract PMGs. CONCLUSION We generated a large-scale transcriptome database across the major tissues in P. veitchii, providing valuable support for further research investigating P. veitchii and understanding the genetic information of plants from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. TPSs, CYPs, UGTs and BAHDs further contribute to a better understanding of the biology and complexity of PMGs in P. veitchii. Our study will help reveal the mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis pathway of these specific monoterpene glycosides and aid in the comprehensive utilization of this multifunctional plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshan Zhang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, 610225 China ,Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu, 610225 China
| | - Jun-zhang Qu-Bie
- grid.412723.10000 0004 0604 889XCollege of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Ming-kang Feng
- grid.412723.10000 0004 0604 889XCollege of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - A-xiang Qu-Bie
- grid.412723.10000 0004 0604 889XCollege of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yanfei Huang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, 610225 China ,Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu, 610225 China
| | - Zhi-feng Zhang
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, 610225 China ,Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu, 610225 China
| | - Xin-jia Yan
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, 610225 China ,Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu, 610225 China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu, 610225 China
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24
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Zhang L, Peng CY, Wang PX, Xu L, Liu JH, Xie X, Lu L, Tu ZC. Hypoglycemic and H 2O 2-induced oxidative injury protective effects and the phytochemical profiles of the ethyl acetate fraction from Radix Paeoniae Alba. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1126359. [PMID: 36908916 PMCID: PMC9998525 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Paeonia Alba (RPA) is often used as food and medicine. This study aimed to enrich and identify the antioxidant and hypoglycemic bioactive compounds from RPA. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) showed the highest total phenolic content, DPPH, ABTS+ scavenging ability, and α-glucosidase inhibition ability (IC50 = 7.27 μg/ml). The EAF could alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells by decreasing the MDA and ROS levels, improving cell apoptosis, increasing the enzyme activity of GPX-Px, CAT, SOD, Na+/K+-ATP, and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATP, and stimulating T-AOC expression, which also enhanced the glucose uptake of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. In addition, the EAF significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose level and improved glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. An HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis displayed that procyanidin, digallic acid isomer, methyl gallate, tetragalloylglucose isomer, dimethyl gallic acid, and paeoniflorin were the major compounds in the EAF. These findings are meaningful for the application of the EAF in the medicinal or food industry to prevent and treat oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chun-Yan Peng
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pei-Xin Wang
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linju Xu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xing Xie
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Zhang L, Deng M, Wang SY, Ding Q, Liu JH, Xie X, Huang YH, Tu ZC. Mitigation of Paeoniae Radix Alba extracts on H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells and hyperglycemia in zebrafish, and identification of phytochemical constituents. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1135759. [PMID: 36908919 PMCID: PMC9995737 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1135759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA), as a Traditional Chinese Medicine, is widely used in Chinese cuisine due to high health-benefits and nutrition, but the effect of different polarity of solvents on the extraction of antioxidant and hypoglycemic constituents, as well as the major active compounds remain unclear. In this research, 40, 70, and 95% ethanol were firstly applied to extract the polyphenols from PRA, the extraction yields, total phenolics, and total flavonoids content, free radical scavenging ability, α-glucosidase inhibition ability, and anti-glycation ability of extracts were evaluated spectroscopically. The oxidative damage protection, hypoglycemic activity, and alleviation on peripheral nerve damage were evaluated by H2O2-induced HepG2 cells and hyperglycemic zebrafish models. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was used to identify the major chemical constituents. The results showed that 40, 70, and 95% ethanol exhibited insignificant difference on the extraction of phenolics and flavonoids from PRA. All extracts showed promising DPPH⋅ and ABTS⋅+ scavenging ability, α-glucosidase inhibition and anti-glycation ability. In addition, PRA extracts could restore the survival rate of HepG2 cells induced by H2O2, and alleviate the oxidative stress by reducing the content of MDA and increasing the levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px. The 70% ethanol extract could also mitigate the blood glucose level and peripheral motor nerve damage of hyperglycemic zebrafish. Thirty-five compounds were identified from 70% ethanol extract, gallotannins, gallic acid and its derivatives, and paeoniflorin and its derivatives were the dominant bioactive compounds. Above results could provide important information for the value-added application of PRA in functional food and medicinal industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Deshang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mei Deng
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Si-Yu Wang
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiao Ding
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xing Xie
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun-Hong Huang
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zong-Cai Tu
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Liu X, Li Y, Ni SH, Sun SN, Deng JP, Ou-Yang XL, Huang YS, Li H, Chen ZX, Feng WJ, Lian ZM, Wang ZK, Xian SX, Yang ZQ, Ye XH, Wang LJ, Lu L. Zhen-Wu decoction and lactiflorin, an ingredient predicted by in silico modelling, alleviate uremia induced cardiac endothelial injury via Nrf2 activation. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 298:115579. [PMID: 35963415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS type 4), with high rates of morbidity and mortality, has become a social and economic problem worldwide over the last few decades. Zhen-Wu decoction, a traditional medicine used in East Asia, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and kidney disease, and has shown potential therapeutic effects for the clinical treatment of CRS type 4. However, the underlying mechanism has not been extensively explored. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Zhen-Wu decoction on uremic cardiomyopathy, offering a potential target for clinical treatment of CRS type 4. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five/six nephrectomized mice were utilized for experiments in vivo. The cardioprotective effects of Zhen-Wu decoction were evaluated by echocardiography and tissue staining. RNA-Seq data were used to investigate the potential pharmacological mechanism. The prediction of targets and active components was based on our previous strategy. Subsequently, the protective effect of the selected compound was verified in experiments in vitro. RESULTS Zhen-Wu decoction alleviated cardiac dysfunction and endothelial injury in 5/6 nephrectomized mice, and the mechanism may involve the inflammatory process and oxidative stress. The activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway was predicted to be a potential target of Zhen-Wu decoction in protecting endothelial cells. Through our machine learning strategy, we found that lactiflorin as an ingredient in Zhen-Wu decoction, alleviates IS-induced endothelial cell injury by blocking Keap1 and activating Nrf2. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that Zhen-Wu decoction and lactiflorin could protect endothelial cells against oxidative stress in mice after nephrectomy by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shi-Hao Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Jian-Ping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Ou-Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zi-Xin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Wen-Jun Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Lian
- Guangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhen-Kui Wang
- Guangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shao-Xiang Xian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Han Ye
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
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27
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Jang S, Lee A, Hwang YH. Qualitative Profiling and Quantitative Analysis of Major Constituents in Jinmu-tang by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and UPLC-TQ-MS/MS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227887. [PMID: 36432001 PMCID: PMC9699523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Jinmu-tang (JMT) is a traditional herbal medicine consisting of five herbal medicines: Poria cocos Wolf, Paeonia lactiflora Pallas, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi, and Aconitum carmichaeli Debeaux. In this study, the JMT components were profiled using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, and 23 compounds were identified and characterized. In addition, UPLC-TQ-MS/MS analysis was performed in the positive and negative ion modes of an electrospray ionization source for the simultaneous quantification of the identified compounds. The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method was established to increase the sensitivity of the quantitative analysis, and the method was verified through linearity, recovery, and precision. All analytes showed good linearity (R2 ≤ 0.9990). Moreover, the recovery and the relative standard deviation of precision were 86.19-114.62% and 0.20-8.00%, respectively. Using the established MRM analysis method, paeoniflorin was found to be the most abundant compound in JMT. In conclusion, these results provide information on the constituents of JMT and can be applied to quality control and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seol Jang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ami Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
- Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
- Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Kimura K, Yasunaga T, Makikawa T, Takahashi D, Toshima K. Efficient Strategy for the Preparation of Chemical Probes of Biologically Active Glycosides Using a Boron-Mediated Aglycon Delivery (BMAD) Method. BCSJ 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yasunaga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takumi Makikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Toshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Huo M, Peng S, Li J, Cao Y, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Qiao Y. Comparison of the clinical effect features of Han-Ku-Gan and Wen-Xin-Gan based on the efficacy of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Yang X, Yu X, Zhang X, Guo H, Xing Z, Xu L, Wang J, Shen Y, Yu J, Lv P, Wang Y, Liu M, Tian X. Development of Mini-Barcode Based on Chloroplast Genome and Its Application in Metabarcoding Molecular Identification of Chinese Medicinal Material Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao). Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:819822. [PMID: 35432422 PMCID: PMC9009180 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.819822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao), a typical multi-origin Chinese medicinal material, originates from the dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora or P. veitchii. The previous study suggested that these two commonly used Chishao showed variation in their chemical compositions and clinical efficacies. Therefore, accurate identification of different Chishao species was of great significance for the guide of clinical medication, and timely treatment of patients. In this study, the chloroplast genome sequences of P. lactiflora and P. veitchii were obtained by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, and then the hypervariable regions were selected to design two mini-barcode candidates for species identification. Combined with DNA metabarcoding technology, we performed qualitative and quantitative analysis on the artificially mixed samples of P. lactiflora and P. veitchii and evaluated the identification ability of these mini-barcode candidates. Furtherly, the mini-barcode with good performance was applied to distinguish the Chinese patent medicine "cerebral thrombosis tablets" containing Chishao. The results indicated that the chloroplast genomes of P. lactiflora and P. veitchii were 152,750 and 152,527 bp, respectively. As published previously, they exhibited a typical quadripartite structure including a large single-copy region (LSC), a small single-copy region (SSC) and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs). The nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed seven variable protein-coding regions as petL, psaI, psbJ, rpl16, ycf1b, psaC, and ndhF, and two mini-barcodes were developed from ycf1b and ndhF respectively. The result suggested that both two mini-barcodes performed well distinguishing P. lactiflora from P. veitchii. Besides, P. lactiflora was the only raw material of Chishao in all collected "cerebral thrombosis tablets" samples. In general, this study has established a method to realize the qualitative and quantitative identification of Chishao as multi-origin Chinese medicinal materials, which can be applied to Chinese patent medicines containing Chishao.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhimei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liuwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Tianjin Tongrentang Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyan Shen
- Tianjin Tongrentang Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Tianjin Tongrentang Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Pengfei Lv
- Tianjin Tongrentang Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Zhao Y, Wan H, Yang J, Huang Y, He Y, Wan H, Li C. Ultrasound-assisted preparation of 'Ready-to-use' extracts from Radix Paeoniae Rubra with natural deep eutectic solvents and neuroprotectivity evaluation of the extracts against cerebral ischemic/ reperfusion injury. Ultrason Sonochem 2022; 84:105968. [PMID: 35272238 PMCID: PMC8908277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) is widely applied in the extraction of nutrients from natural resources as a greener alternative for fossil solvent. In the present work, 27 different NaDESs were screened for the extraction of paeoniflorin (PF) and galloyl paeoniflorin (GPF) from Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR). After screening and extraction parameter optimization, the extraction yields of PF and GPF reached up to 182.8 mg/g and 77.4 mg/g with the selected NaDES, ChCl-Sor. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity in vitro and neuroprotectivity in vivo of the 'ready-to-use' extracts were evaluated comprehensively. Especially in vivo, the cerebral ischemic/ reperfusion injury model was established in rats and the protective effects of the RPR extracts were determined. The results not only proved that NaDES is a valuable green extraction media, but also indicated the safety and potential pharmaceutical application of NaDES based 'ready-to-use' extracts from medical plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China
| | - Haofang Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China.
| | - Chang Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310057, PR China.
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Tian D, Gao Q, Chang Z, Lin J, Ma D, Han Z. Network pharmacology and in vitro studies reveal the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of Shenzhi Jiannao prescription against vascular dementia. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:33. [PMID: 35109845 PMCID: PMC8812053 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shenzhi Jiannao (SZJN) prescription is a type of herbal formula adopted in the management of cognitive impairment and related disorders. However, its effects and related regulatory mechanisms on vascular dementia (VD) are elusive. Herein, network pharmacology prediction was employed to explore the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of SZJN prescription on VD using network pharmacology prediction, and validated the results through in vitro experiments. Methods Through a search in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, chemical composition and targets for SZJN prescription were retrieved. The potential targets for VD were then obtained from the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. The network was constructed that depicted the interactions between putative SZJN prescription and known therapeutic targets for VD using Cytoscape 3.7.1. Analysis of protein-protein interaction was achieved via STRING 11.0 software, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway analyses. To validate the computer-predicted results, in vitro experiments based on an excitotoxic injury model were designed using glutamate-exposed PC12 cells, and treated with varying concentrations (low, 0.05; medium, 0.1 and high, 0.2 mg/mL) of SZJN prescription. Cell viability and cell death were detected using the IncuCyte imaging system. Moreover, the expression profiles of Caspase-3 were analyzed through qRT-PCR. Results Twenty-eight potentially active ingredients for SZJN prescription, including stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, and kaempferol, plus 21 therapeutic targets for VD, including PTGS2, PTGS1, and PGR were revealed. The protein-protein interaction network was employed for the analysis of 20 target proteins, including CASP3, JUN, and AChE. The enrichment analysis demonstrated candidate targets of SZJN prescription were more frequently involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium, apoptosis, and cholinergic synaptic signaling pathways. In vitro experiments revealed that SZJN prescription could significantly reverse glutamate-induced cell viability loss and cell death, and lower the levels of Caspase-3 mRNA in glutamate-induced PC12 cells. Conclusions Collectively, this study demonstrated that SZJN prescription exerted the effect of treating VD by regulating multi-targets and multi-channels with multi-components through the method of network pharmacology. Furthermore, in vitro results confirmed that SZJN prescription attenuated glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Tian
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ze Chang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jingfeng Lin
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 East road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dayong Ma
- Neurology Department of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhenyun Han
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), No.1 Dayun road, Sports New City Road, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
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Zheng X, Yin M, Chu S, Yang M, Yang Z, Zhu Y, Huang L, Peng H. Comparative Elucidation of Age, Diameter, and "Pockmarks" in Roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Shaoyao) by Qualitative and Quantitative Methods. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:802196. [PMID: 35154191 PMCID: PMC8826210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.802196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia lactiflora Pall. is a world-famous ornamental plant, whose roots have been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine, Shaoyao, to treat diseases for more than 1,000 years. Because of the excellent curative effect of Shaoyao, its quality has attracted wide attention, however, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the different influencing factors of quality of Shaoyao. In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) were utilized to systematically analyze the Shaoyao of different ages, diameters and roots with "pockmarks." 60 metabolites were detected and identified from Shaoyao using the UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, of which 20 potential quality markers of dissected roots with and without "pockmarks" were selected for the first time using the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and the variable importance for projection (VIP) plot. Then, a selective and accurate HPLC-DAD quantitative assay has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 bioactive components in Shaoyao. The results showed that the total content of five monoterpene glycosides including oxypaeoniflorin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, lactiflorin, and benzoylpaeoniflorin and six phenols including gallic acid, catechin, methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, apiopaeonoside and benzoic acid in the 3-year-old Shaoyao was higher than that of 4-year-old and 5-year-old Shaoyao. In Shaoyao of the same age, the total content of five monoterpene glycosides and six phenols decreased with an increase in diameter. In addition, regardless of whether it is a whole or a divided root, the contents of five monoterpene glycosides and six phenols in Shaoyao with "pockmarks" were higher than those of Shaoyao without "pockmarks." In summary, this work has explored several factors that might affect the quality of Shaoyao, and provide a guide for more comprehensive quality evaluation in its further production, processing, and rational utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Minzhen Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengyang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | | | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huasheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Research Unit of DAO-DI Herbs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU57, Beijing, China
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MENG J, CHENG M, ZHANG K, EL HADI MAM, ZHAO D, TAO J. Beneficial effects of Paeonia ostii stamen tea in extending the lifespan and inducing stress resistance on Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.76521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun TAO
- Yangzhou University, China; Yangzhou University, China
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Zhang MM, Yin DK, Rui XL, Shao FP, Li JC, Xu L, Yang Y. Protective effect of Pai-Nong-San against AOM/DSS-induced CAC in mice through inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:912-920. [PMID: 34961589 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pai-Nong-San (PNS), a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for years to treat abscessation-induced diseases including colitis and colorectal cancer. This study was aimed to investigate the preventive effects and possible protective mechanism of PNS on a colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) mouse model induced by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The macroscopic and histopathologic examinations of colon injury and DAI score were observed. The inflammatory indicators of intestinal immunity were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The high throughput 16S rRNA sequence of gut microbiota in the feces of mice was performed. Western blot was used to investigate the protein expression of the Wnt signaling pathway in colon tissues. PNS improved colon injury, as manifested by the alleviation of hematochezia, decreased DAI score, increased colon length, and reversal of pathological changes. PNS treatment protected against AOM/DSS-induced colon inflammation by regulating the expression of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, inhibiting the production of HIF-α, IL-6, and TNF-α, and promoting the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ in colon tissues. Meanwhile, PNS improved the components of gut microbiota, as measured by the adjusted levels of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Lactobacillus. PNS down-regulated the protein expression of p-GSK-3β, β-catenin, and c-Myc, while up-regulating the GSK-3β and p-β-catenin in colon tissues of CAC mice. In conclusion, our results suggested that PNS exhibits protective effect on AOM/DSS-induced colon injury and alleviates the development of CAC through suppressing inflammation, improving gut microbiota, and inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Deng-Ke Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230031, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230021, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230021, China.
| | - Xue-Lin Rui
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Fu-Ping Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230021, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230021, China.
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Zhang K, Cao W, Baskin JM, Baskin CC, Sun J, Yao L, Tao J. Seed development in Paeonia ostii (Paeoniaceae), with particular reference to embryogeny. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:603. [PMID: 34922450 PMCID: PMC8684281 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seeds of Paeonia ostii have been proposed as a source of raw material for the production of edible oil; however, lack of information about the developmental biology of the seeds hampers our ability to use them. Our aim was to investigate development of the seed coat, endosperm and embryo of P. ostii in relation to timing of accumulation of nutrient reserves from pollination to seed maturity. Ovules and developing seeds of P. ostii were collected at various stages of development from zygote to maturity. Seed fresh mass, dry mass, germination, moisture, soluble sugars, starch, protein and oil content were determined. Ontogeny of seeds including embryo, endosperm and seed coat were analyzed histologically. RESULTS The ovule of P. ostii is anatropous, crassinucellate and bitegmic. The zygote begins to divide at about 5 days after pollination (DAP), and the division is not accompanied by cell wall formation. By 25 DAP, the proembryo begins to cellularize. Thereafter, several embryo primordia appear at the surface of the cellularized proembryo, but only one matures. Endosperm development follows the typical nuclear type. The seed coat is derived from the outer integument. During seed development, soluble sugars, starch and crude fat content increased and then decreased, with maximum contents at 60, 80 and 100 DAP, respectively. Protein content was relatively low compared with soluble sugars and crude fat, but it increased throughout seed development. CONCLUSIONS During seed development in P. ostii, the seed coat acts as a temporary storage tissue. Embryo development of P. ostii can be divided into two stages: a coenocytic proembryo from zygote (n + n) that degenerates and a somatic embryo from peripheral cells of the proembryo (2n → 2n). This pattern of embryogeny differs from that of all other angiosperms, but it is similar to that of gymnosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keliang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Weizhang Cao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jerry M Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Carol C Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Linjun Yao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Department of Plant Engineering, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Huai-An, 223200, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Zhang T, Cao S, Yuan H, Park S. Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous Paeonia lactiflora and Poria cocos Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1128. [PMID: 34832910 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (PL) and Poria cocos Wolf (PC) have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases reported in Dongui Bogam and Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, traditional medical books in Korean and China, respectively. We determined the efficacies and the molecular mechanisms of PL, PC, and PL + PC aqueous extracts on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) induced by testosterone propionate in C57BL/6 mice. The molecular mechanisms of PL and PC in AGA treatment were examined using experimental assays and network pharmacology. The AGA model was generated by topically applying 0.5% testosterone propionate in 70% ethanol solution to the backs of mice daily for 28 days while the normal-control (Normal-Con; no AGA induction) mice applied 70% ethanol. The 0.1% PL (AGA-PL), 0.1% PC (AGA-PC), 0.05% PL + 0.05% PC (AGA-MIX), and 0.1% cellulose (AGA-Con; control) were supplemented in a high-fat diet for 28 days in AGA-induced mice. Positive-control (AGA-Positive) were administered 2% finasteride daily on the backs of the AGA mice. Hair growth rates decreased in the order of AGA-PL, AGA-MIX, AGA-PC, AGA-Positive, and AGA-Con after 21 days of treatment (ED21). On ED28, skins were completely covered with hair in the AGA-PL and AGA-MIX groups. Serum testosterone concentrations were lower in the AGA-PL group than in the AGA-Con group and similar to concentrations in the Normal-Con group, whereas serum 17β-estradiol concentrations showed the opposite pattern with increasing aromatase mRNA expression (p < 0.05). In the dorsal skin, DKK1 and NR3C2 mRNA expressions were significantly lower, but TGF-β2, β-Catenin, and PPARG expressions were higher in the AGA-PL and AGA-PC groups than in the AGA-Con group (p < 0.05), whereas TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions were lower in the AGA-PL, AGA-MIX, and Normal-Con groups than in the AGA-Con group (p < 0.05). The phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β in the dorsal skin was lower in AGA-Con than normal-Con, and PL and MIX ingestion suppressed their decrease similar to the Normal-Con. In conclusion, PL or PL + PC intake had beneficial effects on hair growth similar to Normal-Con. The promotion was related to lower serum testosterone concentrations and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and inhibition of the steroid hormone pathway, consistent with network pharmacology analysis findings.
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Xiong P, Qin S, Li K, Liu M, Zhu L, Peng J, Shi S, Tang S, Tian A, Cai W. Identification of the tannins in traditional Chinese medicine Paeoniae Radix Alba by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS. ARAB J CHEM 2021; 14:103398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kim MJ, Kang HH, Seo YJ, Kim KM, Kim YJ, Jung SK. Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract and Its Components Reduce Biomarkers of Early Atherosclerosis via Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1507. [PMID: 34679642 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although various physiological activities of compounds obtained from Paeonia lactiflora have been reported, the effects of P. lactiflora extract (PLE) on early atherosclerosis remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antiatherosclerosis and in vitro antioxidant effects of PLE and its compounds. PLE suppresses the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced capacity of THP-1 cells to adhere to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling in HUVECs. PLE also suppresses TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytosol as well as the enhanced TNFA and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) mRNA expression in HUVECs. We identified and quantified the following PLE compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection: methyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin, and paeonol. Among these, methyl gallate had the strongest inhibitory effect on monocyte adherence to TNF-α-induced HUVECs and the VCAM-1 expression. Reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PLE compounds had a dissimilar inhibition effect on TNF-α-induced mRNA expression levels of CCL2, TNFA, and IL6 in HUVECs. Except for paeonol, the compounds inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species production in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, oral administration of PLE improved TNF-α-induced macrophage infiltration to the vascular endothelium and expression of VCAM-1, as well as IL6 and TNFA gene expression in the main artery of mice. PLE could be useful as a nutraceutical material against early atherosclerosis via the combined effects of its components.
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Chen X, Zuo J, Hu T, Shi X, Zhu Y, Wu H, Xia Y, Shi W, Wei W. Exploration of the Effect and Mechanism of Fructus Lycii, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, and Paeonia lactiflora in the Treatment of AMD Based on Network Pharmacology and in vitro Experimental Verification. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:2831-2842. [PMID: 34234414 PMCID: PMC8254409 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s310481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to observe the mechanism of Fructus Lycii (FL), Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RRP) and Paeonia lactiflora (PL) in treating age-related macular degeneration (AMD) based on network pharmacology and biological experiments. Methods Bioactive compounds, potential targets of FL, RRP and PL, and genes related to AMD, were acquired from public databases. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of the core targets were conducted by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, the finding was further verified with cell experiments. The MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis were used to assess cell viability and apoptosis. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by DCFH-DA staining; the activity of antioxidant enzymes was chemically measured with assay kits. The expression of key proteins was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results Fifty-nine active compounds, 182 potential targets, and 2536 AMD-related human genes were identified. A total of 103 key targets of the three herbs on AMD were identified by protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. The abovementioned targets were correlated with nuclear receptor activity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis pathways according to the GO and KEGG analyses. MTT assay and flow cytometry demonstrated that pretreatment of ARPE-19 cells with the three herbs significantly increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis induced by H2O2. The three herbs might reduce the intracellular ROS levels and increase the SOD and CAT activities after H2O2. Furthermore, the three herbs significantly inhibited oxidative stress via increasing the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1. Conclusion The combined results of network pharmacology and validation experiments showed that FL, RRP and PL reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in RPE cells to exert its effect in the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zuo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianming Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Shi
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
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Kapcsándi V, Hanczné Lakatos E, Sik B, Linka LÁ, Székelyhidi R. Antioxidant and polyphenol content of different Vitis vinifera seed cultivars and two facilities of production of a functional bakery product. Chem Zvesti 2021; 75:5711-5717. [PMID: 34219900 PMCID: PMC8236308 DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the differences between the antioxidant capacity, and the total polyphenol content of the seed of eight different grape varieties. We also attempt to create a functional loaf enriched with grape seed meal. To achieve this goal, 3, 6, and 9% of the grape seed meal were added to the loaves made of bread flour and gluten-free flour mixture, and then the changes in their antioxidant and polyphenol content were examined. Based on the results, there were significant differences between the polyphenol and antioxidant content of grape seed varieties. The antioxidant content of the grape seeds varied between 228.50 mg AAE/g (94.80 mg TE/g) and 438.33 mg AAE/g (181.86 mg TE/g) in case of fatty samples, and between 176.29 mg AAE/g (41.24 mg TE/g) and 424.91 mg AAE/g (99.40 mg TE/g) in case of defatted samples. The total polyphenol content of the fatty samples changed between 91.16 and 221.81 mg GAE/g; in case of defatted samples, it ranged from 46.01 to 207.68 mg GAE/g. Rhine Riesling contained the greatest amount of these compounds. The functionality of loafs was confirmed by spectrophotometric analysis. Total polyphenol content ranged from 0.91 to 3.16 mg GAE/g in case of wheat loafs, and from 1.39 to 5.92 mg GAE/g in case of gluten-free loafs, while the total antioxidant content changed between 0.70 and 6.44 mg AAE/g in case of wheat loafs, and ranged from 2.55 to 9.75 in case of gluten-free loafs. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Kapcsándi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony street 15-17, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - Erika Hanczné Lakatos
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony street 15-17, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - Beatrix Sik
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony street 15-17, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - László Ádám Linka
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony street 15-17, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
| | - Rita Székelyhidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony street 15-17, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200 Hungary
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Shen M, Zhang Q, Qin L, Yan B. Single Standard Substance for the Simultaneous Determination of Eleven Components in the Extract of Paeoniae Radix Alba (Root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.). J Anal Methods Chem 2021; 2021:8860776. [PMID: 34094615 PMCID: PMC8140825 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8860776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA), an herbal drug produced from the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., is widely used in many herbal medicine prescriptions/preparations. Since the pharmacological effects of PRA come from multiple chemical components, it is important to establish a method for the determination of those components in PRA extracts with simple operation and low cost, which is more suitable to evaluate the quality of PRA extracts and optimize the extraction process. This work introduced the quantitative analysis of multicomponents with a single-marker (QAMS) method for the simultaneous determination of eleven bioactive components in PRA extracts, including gallic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, ethyl gallate, galloylpaeoniflorin, pentagalloylglucose, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin, and paeonol. In the QAMS method established based on high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, only the reference substance of paeoniflorin was needed, and the other ten components were determined based on their relative correction factors (RCFs) to paeoniflorin. Moreover, the repeatability and robustness of the RCFs were studied with different column temperatures, detection wavelengths, flow rates, column types, and instruments. In method validation, good linearity (r > 0.999), stability, repeatability (RSD < 1.9%), and accuracy (recoveries within 96.1%-105.5%) were shown. Sample analyses showed that the QAMS method was consistent with the conventional external standard method. The established method provided a comprehensive, efficient, and low-cost tool for the routine quality evaluation of PRA extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qiaoyan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Luping Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Binjun Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Park HR, Choi HJ, Kim BS, Chung TW, Kim KJ, Joo JK, Ryu D, Bae SJ, Ha KT. Paeoniflorin Enhances Endometrial Receptivity through Leukemia Inhibitory Factor. Biomolecules 2021; 11:439. [PMID: 33809755 PMCID: PMC8002267 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in assisted reproductive technology, treatment for deficient endometrial receptivity is a major clinical unmet need. In our previous study, the water extract of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. enhanced endometrial receptivity in vitro and in vivo via induction of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine. In the present study, we found that paeoniflorin, a monoterpene glycoside, is the major active compound of P. lactiflora. Paeoniflorin significantly improved the embryo implantation rate in a murine model of mifepristone (RU486)-induced implantation failure. In addition, paeoniflorin increased the adhesion of human trophectoderm-derived JAr cells to endometrial Ishikawa cells through the expression of LIF in vitro. Moreover, using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of the human endometrium, we confirmed that LIF signaling is a key regulator for improving human endometrial receptivity. Therefore, these results suggest that paeoniflorin might be a potent drug candidate for the treatment of endometrial implantation failure by enhancing endometrial receptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rin Park
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea; (H.-R.P.); (H.-J.C.); (B.-S.K.); (T.-W.C.); (S.-J.B.)
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea; (H.-R.P.); (H.-J.C.); (B.-S.K.); (T.-W.C.); (S.-J.B.)
| | - Bo-Sung Kim
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea; (H.-R.P.); (H.-J.C.); (B.-S.K.); (T.-W.C.); (S.-J.B.)
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Chung
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea; (H.-R.P.); (H.-J.C.); (B.-S.K.); (T.-W.C.); (S.-J.B.)
| | - Keuk-Jun Kim
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Daekyeung University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanabuk-do 38547, Korea;
| | - Jong-Kil Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea; (H.-R.P.); (H.-J.C.); (B.-S.K.); (T.-W.C.); (S.-J.B.)
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea; (H.-R.P.); (H.-J.C.); (B.-S.K.); (T.-W.C.); (S.-J.B.)
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea
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Yan Z, Xie L, Li M, Yuan M, Tian Y, Sun D, Zhang Y, Niu L. Phytochemical components and bioactivities of novel medicinal food - Peony roots. Food Res Int 2021; 140:109902. [PMID: 33648204 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Peony as an important medicinal material is widely cultivated in China, which is one of the natural distribution centers of wild peony species. So far, however, there has not been a systematic study of the roots from China's wild peonies. In this study, the total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), other secondary metabolites, and microelement content, as well as the antioxidant, antibacterial, anticholinesterase, and antitumor activities of peony roots from 15 species and 2 subspecies were measured. Thirteen secondary metabolites were detected, with Paeoniflorin and Paeonol being the highest content bio-activities compounds. Additionally, the peony roots had a significant antioxidant activities and bacteriostatic effect against Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC varying from 0.063 to 1 mg/mL. P. anomala subsp. veitchii and P. lactiflora showed outstanding anticholinesterase capacities and cytotoxic activities. Taken together, the data presented here provide new insights into both the medicinal and edible potential of roots from wild peony species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Yan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihang Xie
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Mengchen Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yuan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Tian
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyang Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lixin Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Oil Peony Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry Administration, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Calonghi N, Farruggia G, Boga C, Micheletti G, Fini E, Romani L, Telese D, Faraci E, Bergamini C, Cerini S, Rizzardi N. Root Extracts of Two Cultivars of Paeonia Species: Lipid Composition and Biological Effects on Different Cell Lines: Preliminary Results. Molecules 2021; 26:655. [PMID: 33513825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of two cultivars of Paeonia, namely Paeonia officinalis “Rubra Plena” and Paeonia “Pink Hawaiian Coral”, have been extracted with chloroform. The composition of the lipid fraction, analyzed by GC–MS technique, revealed the absence of paeonol and the presence of phenol, benzoic acid, fatty acid—and some sterol—derivatives. The chloroformic extracts have been tested on normal and several cancer cell lines but showed antiproliferative activity only on the ovarian carcinoma and the osteosarcoma. The biological activity of extracts was investigated mainly by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and quantum phase imaging. The results indicated that the root extracts induced a hyperpolarization of mitochondria and an increase in reactive oxygen species levels, without inducing cell death. These effects are associated to an increased doubling time and a retarded confluence.
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Sun M, Wang YZ, Yang Y, Lv MW, Li SS, Teixeira da Silva JA, Wang LS, Yu XN. Analysis of Chemical Components in the Roots of Eight Intersubgeneric Hybrids of Paeonia. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000848. [PMID: 33403807 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Paeonia cultivars are famous ornamental plants, and some of them are also traditional Chinese medicinal resources. Intersubgeneric hybrids of Paeonia (IHPs) are formed by the hybridization of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora) and tree peony (Paeonia×suffruticosa or lutea hybrid tree peony). The phenotypic characteristics of IHPs are similar to those of herbaceous peony, and their root systems are large and vigorous. However, their medicinal value has not been reported yet. In this study, the roots of eight IHP samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). A total of 18 compounds were identified, including phenols, paeonols, monoterpene glycosides, and tannins. The contents of monoterpene glycosides and tannins in IHPs were higher than herbaceous peony and tree peony, exceeding 44.76 mg/g DW and 11.50 mg/g DW, respectively. Three IHPs, 'Prairie Charm', 'Garden Treasure', and 'Yellow Emperor', with more types and a higher content of medicinal compounds, were screened out by cluster analysis. These IHPs have considerable potential for the development of medicinal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Wen Lv
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jaime A Teixeira da Silva
- Independent researcher, P.O. Box 7, Miki-cho Post Office, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-ken, 761-0799, Japan
| | - Liang-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Nan Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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Nie R, Zhang Y, Jin Q, Zhang S, Wu G, Chen L, Zhang H, Wang X. Identification and characterisation of bioactive compounds from the seed kernels and hulls of Paeonia lactiflora Pall by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Food Res Int 2021; 139:109916. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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48
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Mirzaei S, Gholami MH, Mahabady MK, Nabavi N, Zabolian A, Banihashemi SM, Haddadi A, Entezari M, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Samarghandian S, Zarrabi A, Ashrafizadeh M, Khan H. Pre-clinical investigation of STAT3 pathway in bladder cancer: Paving the way for clinical translation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111077. [PMID: 33378975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective cancer therapy requires identification of signaling networks and investigating their potential role in proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. Among molecular pathways, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been of importance due to its involvement in promoting proliferation, and invasion of cancer cells, and mediating chemoresistance. In the present review, our aim is to reveal role of STAT3 pathway in bladder cancer (BC), as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In respect to its tumor-promoting role, STAT3 is able to enhance the growth of BC cells via inhibiting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. STAT3 also contributes to metastasis of BC cells via upregulating of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as well as genes in the EMT pathway. BC cells obtain chemoresistance via STAT3 overexpression and its inhibition paves the way for increasing efficacy of chemotherapy. Different molecular pathways such as KMT1A, EZH2, DAB2IP and non-coding RNAs including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs can function as upstream mediators of STAT3 that are discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Research Services, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirabbas Haddadi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- IstitutoItaliano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, OrtaMahalle, ÜniversiteCaddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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49
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Galanakis CM, Aldawoud TM, Rizou M, Rowan NJ, Ibrahim SA. Food Ingredients and Active Compounds against the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review. Foods 2020; 9:E1701. [PMID: 33233560 PMCID: PMC7699782 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As media reports have noted, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated market mainstreaming of immune-boosting food bioactives, supplements, and nutraceuticals. However, most studies reporting on the potential of bioactives against COVID-19 transmission have been uploaded as preprints with little opportunity to revise content for benefit and impact. The current review discusses current best evidence and information underpinning the role of food ingredients and bioactive compounds in supporting immune functions in humans and animals, specifically in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease. Up to now, some evidence from randomized population and clinical trials has suggested that vitamin D levels may be linked to COVID-19 transmission and severity. Numerous theoretical studies have pointed to polyphenols and particularly flavonoids as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is also inconclusive evidence to support the future use of β-glucan to address COVID-19 due in part to variability in immune response arising from heterogeneity in polysaccharide branch and chain length for different sources and the absence of a standardized extraction method. To confirm the promising outcomes and hypotheses for bioactive compounds, more randomized and controlled clinical studies are needed. The results of such studies would have a profound effect on the prospects of food supplements and nutraceuticals as potential prophylaxis against COVID-19 and serve to help consumers to protect themselves during the post-lockdown recovery era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charis M. Galanakis
- Research & Innovation Department, Galanakis Laboratories, 73131 Chania, Greece;
- College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia;
- Food Waste Recovery Group, ISEKI Food Association, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Myrto Rizou
- Research & Innovation Department, Galanakis Laboratories, 73131 Chania, Greece;
| | - Neil J. Rowan
- Bioscience Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, N37 F6D7 Athlone, Ireland;
- Empower Eco Sustainability Hub, Lough Boora, R35 DA50 Co. Offaly, Ireland
| | - Salam A. Ibrahim
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
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50
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Naveed M, Majeed F, Taleb A, Zubair HM, Shumzaid M, Farooq MA, Baig MMFA, Abbas M, Saeed M, Changxing L. A Review of Medicinal Plants in Cardiovascular Disorders: Benefits and Risks. Am J Chin Med 2020; 48:259-286. [PMID: 32345058 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many cultivated and wild plants are used for the management of various diseases, specifically renal and hepatic diseases and those of the immune and cardiovascular systems. In China, medicinal plants from ancient to modern history have been used in patients with angina pectoris, congestive heart failure (CHF), systolic hypertension, arrhythmia, and venous insufficiency for centuries. The latest increase in the fame of natural products and alternative medicine has revived interest in conventional remedies that have been consumed in the management of CVD. The cardio-protective properties of the various herbs are possibly due to their anti-oxidative, antihypercholesterolemic, anti-ischemic activities, and inhibition of platelet aggregation that reduce the risk of CVD. Ethno-pharmacological and biological properties of these plants are explored, based upon published scientific literature. Although a majority of medicinal plants having a biological mechanism that linked with CVD management, to date, published literature pertaining to their promising scientific properties are still poorly understood. Compared with synthetic medicines, alternative medicines do not need scientific studies before their formal approval from the government sector and due to this purpose; their safety, as well as efficacy, still remain elusive. Taken together, we addressed all accessible evidence on alternative medicines commonly consumed in CVD management. Our comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature indicated that many TCMs are available and valuable herbal medication would be the best alternative for the management of CVD as a complementary therapy. Furthermore, practitioners should always discuss possible benefits-risks of alternative medicines with patients so that they are aware of the consumption of alternative medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Fatima Majeed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Abdoh Taleb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Shumzaid
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Punjab Province, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Farooq
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 6300, Pakistan
| | - Li Changxing
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, P. R. China
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