1
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Kalia VC, Patel SKS, Lee JK. Bacterial biofilm inhibitors: An overview. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115389. [PMID: 37634478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria that cause infectious diseases adopt biofilms as one of their most prevalent lifestyles. Biofilms enable bacteria to tolerate environmental stress and evade antibacterial agents. This bacterial defense mechanism has rendered the use of antibiotics ineffective for the treatment of infectious diseases. However, many highly drug-resistant microbes have rapidly emerged owing to such treatments. Different signaling mechanisms regulate bacterial biofilm formation, including cyclic dinucleotide (c-di-GMP), small non-coding RNAs, and quorum sensing (QS). A cell density-dependent phenomenon, QS is associated with c-di-GMP (a global messenger), which regulates gene expression related to adhesion, extracellular matrix production, the transition from the planktonic to biofilm stage, stability, pathogenicity, virulence, and acquisition of nutrients. The article aims to provide information on inhibiting biofilm formation and disintegrating mature/preformed biofilms. This treatment enables antimicrobials to target the free-living/exposed bacterial cells at lower concentrations than those needed to treat bacteria within the biofilm. Therefore, a complementary action of antibiofilm and antimicrobial agents can be a robust strategic approach to dealing with infectious diseases. Taken together, these molecules have broad implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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2
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In-situ formation of Ag nanoparticles in the MAO coating during the processing of cp-Ti. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3230. [PMID: 36828934 PMCID: PMC9958107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticle (Ag-NP) containing antibacterial micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings have already been synthesized over titanium-based materials via the MAO process employed in silver acetate (AgC2H3O2) containing electrolyte. However, the way of incorporation and in-situ formation of Ag-NPs within the MAO coating have not been documented yet. Present work was initiated to reveal the mechanism of Ag-NP formation within the MAO coatings. Thus, the structure of the MAO coating fabricated on commercial purity titanium in the AgC2H3O2-containing electrolyte was investigated by electron microscopy techniques. To this end, the cross-sectional high-resolution electron microscopy studies were carried out on lamella cut out with the focused ion beam technique, and these investigations were backed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of chemical composition on the surface of the MAO coating. These studies revealed that Ag is dispersed in the form of nanoparticles throughout the coating and that a higher density was confirmed closer to the micro-pores.
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3
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Zeng M, Xu Z, Song ZQ, Li JX, Tang ZW, Xiao S, Wen J. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic osteomyelitis based on nanomaterials. World J Orthop 2023; 14:42-54. [PMID: 36844379 PMCID: PMC9945247 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i2.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic osteomyelitis is a painful and serious disease caused by infected surgical prostheses or infected fractures. Traditional treatment includes surgical debridement followed by prolonged systemic antibiotics. However, excessive antibiotic use has been inducing rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide. Additionally, it is difficult for antibiotics to penetrate internal sites of infection such as bone, thus limiting their efficacy. New approaches to treat chronic osteomyelitis remain a major challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Luckily, the development of nanotechnology has brought new antimicrobial options with high specificity to infection sites, offering a possible way to address these challenges. Substantial progress has been made in constructing antibacterial nanomaterials for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Here, we review some current strategies for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis and their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen-Qi Song
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie-Xiao Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhong-Wen Tang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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4
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Alipour S, Nour S, Attari SM, Mohajeri M, Kianersi S, Taromian F, Khalkhali M, Aninwene GE, Tayebi L. A review on in vitro/ in vivo response of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9479-9534. [PMID: 36305245 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01616h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bone replacement using porous and solid metallic implants, such as Ti-alloy implants, is regarded as one of the most practical therapeutic approaches in biomedical engineering. The bone is a complex tissue with various mechanical properties based on the site of action. Patient-specific Ti-6Al-4V constructs may address the key needs in bone treatment for having customized implants that mimic the complex structure of the natural tissue and diminish the risk of implant failure. This review focuses on the most promising methods of fabricating such patient-specific Ti-6Al-4V implants using additive manufacturing (AM) with a specific emphasis on the popular subcategory, which is powder bed fusion (PBF). Characteristics of the ideal implant to promote optimized tissue-implant interactions, as well as physical, mechanical/chemical treatments and modifications will be discussed. Accordingly, such investigations will be classified into 3B-based approaches (Biofunctionality, Bioactivity, and Biostability), which mainly govern native body response and ultimately the success in implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Alipour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Shirin Nour
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.,Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Seyyed Morteza Attari
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - Sogol Kianersi
- CÚRAM, SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Farzaneh Taromian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadparsa Khalkhali
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - George E Aninwene
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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5
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Fitting pieces into the puzzle: The impact of titanium-based dental implant surface modifications on bacterial accumulation and polymicrobial infections. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 298:102551. [PMID: 34757285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymicrobial infection is the main cause of dental implant failure. Although numerous studies have reported the ability of titanium (Ti) surface modifications to inhibit microbial adhesion and biofilm accumulation, the majority of solutions for the utilization of Ti antibacterial surfaces have been testedin in vitro and animal models, with only a few developed surfaces progressing into clinical research. Motivated by this huge gap, we critically reviewed the scientific literature on the existing antibacterial Ti surfaces to help understand these surfaces' impact on the "puzzle" of undesirable dental implant-related infections. This manuscript comprises three main sections: (i) a narrative review on topics related to oral biofilm formation, bacterial-implant surface interactions, and on how implant-surface modifications can influence microbial accumulation; (ii) a critical evidence-based review to summarize pre-clinical and clinical studies in an attempt to "fit pieces into the puzzle" to unveil the best way to reduce microbial loads and control polymicrobial infection around dental implants showed by the current in vivo evidence; and (iii) discussion and recommendations for future research testing emerging antibacterial implant surfaces, connecting basic science and the requirements for future clinical translation. The findings of the present review suggest no consensus regarding the best available Ti surface to reduce bacterial colonization on dental implants. Smart release or on-demand activation surface coatings are a "new piece of the puzzle", which may be the most effective alternative for reducing microbial colonization on Ti surfaces, and future studies should focus on these technologies.
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6
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Esteban J, Vallet-Regí M, Aguilera-Correa JJ. Antibiotics- and Heavy Metals-Based Titanium Alloy Surface Modifications for Local Prosthetic Joint Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1270. [PMID: 34680850 PMCID: PMC8532710 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the second most common cause of arthroplasty failure. Though infrequent, it is one of the most devastating complications since it is associated with great personal cost for the patient and a high economic burden for health systems. Due to the high number of patients that will eventually receive a prosthesis, PJI incidence is increasing exponentially. As these infections are provoked by microorganisms, mainly bacteria, and as such can develop a biofilm, which is in turn resistant to both antibiotics and the immune system, prevention is the ideal approach. However, conventional preventative strategies seem to have reached their limit. Novel prevention strategies fall within two broad categories: (1) antibiotic- and (2) heavy metal-based surface modifications of titanium alloy prostheses. This review examines research on the most relevant titanium alloy surface modifications that use antibiotics to locally prevent primary PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Esteban
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Jiménez Díaz Foundation Health Research Institute, Autonomous University of Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Centre on Infectious Diseases (CIBER-ID), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - John J Aguilera-Correa
- Networking Research Centre on Infectious Diseases (CIBER-ID), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Environmentally friendly antibiofilm strategy based on cationized phytoglycogen nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:111975. [PMID: 34371317 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm tolerance to antibiotics has led to the search for new alternatives in treating biofilms. The use of metallic nanoparticles has been a suggested strategy against biofilms, but their potential environmental toxicity and high cost of synthesizing have limited their applications. In this study, we investigate the potential of polysaccharidic phytoglycogen nanoparticles extracted from corn, in treating cyanobacterial biofilms, which are the source of toxins and pollution in aquatic environments. Our results revealed that the surface of cyanobacterial cells was dominated by the negatively charged functional groups such as carboxylic and phosphoric groups. The native phytoglycogen (PhX) nanoparticles were dominated with non-charged groups, such as hydroxyl groups, and the cationized phytoglycogen (PhXC) nanoparticles showed positively charged surfaces due to the presence of quaternary ammonium cations. Our results indicated that, as opposed to PhX, PhXC strongly inhibited biofilm formation when dispersed in the culture medium. PhXC also eradicated the already grown cyanobacterial biofilms. The antibiofilm properties of PhXC were attributed to its strong electrostatic interactions with the cyanobacterial cells, which could inhibit cell/cell and cell/substrate interactions and nutrient exchange with the media. This class of antibacterial polysaccharide nanoparticles may provide a novel cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy for treating biofilm formation by a broad spectrum of bacteria.
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8
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Sinclair TR, van den Hengel SK, Raza BG, Rutjes SA, de Roda Husman AM, Peijnenburg WJGM, Roesink HEDW, de Vos WM. Surface chemistry-dependent antiviral activity of silver nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:365101. [PMID: 34020439 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac03d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity towards viruses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been reported to be dependent on several factors such as particle concentration, size, and shape. Although these factors may indeed contribute to the toxicity of AgNPs, the results presented in this work demonstrate that surface chemistry and especially surface charge is a crucial factor governing their antiviral activity. Here, this work investigated the influence of capping agents representing various surface charges ranging from negative to positive. These AgNPs were capped with citrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) and (branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI). We show that AgNPs exhibited surface charge-dependent toxicity towards MS2 bacteriophages. Among the capping agents under investigation, BPEI capped AgNPs (Ag/BPEI) exhibited the highest reduction of MS2 resulting in ≥6 log10-units reductions, followed by 4-5 log10-units reductions with PVP and PEG capping's and 3-4 log10-units with MAA and citrate cappings. Bare nanoparticles reported a mere 1-2 log10-units reduction. Electrostatic interaction between the positively charged BPEI-coating and the negatively charged virus surface played a significant role in bringing the MS2 closer to toxic silver ions (Ag+). Further results obtained from TEM showed that Ag/BPEI nanoparticles could directly damage the structure of the MS2 bacteriophages. AgNPs and cationic capping agents' observed synergy can lead to much lower and much more efficient dosing of AgNPs for antiviral applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terica R Sinclair
- Membrane Science & Technology, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne K van den Hengel
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public health and the environment (RIVM), A van Leeuwenhoeklaan, 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Brahzil G Raza
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia A Rutjes
- National Institute for Public health and the environment (RIVM), A van Leeuwenhoeklaan, 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Maria de Roda Husman
- National Institute for Public health and the environment (RIVM), A van Leeuwenhoeklaan, 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, IRAS within the faculties of Veterinary Medicine, Medicine and Sciences of Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- National Institute for Public health and the environment (RIVM), A van Leeuwenhoeklaan, 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, PO Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Erik D W Roesink
- Membrane Science & Technology, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebe M de Vos
- Membrane Science & Technology, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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9
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Abstract
AbstractThese days, sensors are widely used in a variety of underwater sites like marine monitoring, fish-farming and water quality monitoring. However, to achieve reliable sensor data from long-term monitoring in aqueous solution, several challenges still need to be solved. Biofilm formation both on sensor housings and membranes is among one of the most serious challenges, which strongly influences the sensor responds and the validity of the results. To prevent biofilm growth, a series of graphene oxide (GO)/silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) nanocomposites (GOA) have been developed and coated on sensor housing materials, e.g. polypropylene. The antifouling property of the GOA nanocomposite has been demonstrated by antifouling tests using Halomonas. Pacifica (Baumann et al.) Dobson and Franzmann (ATCC® 27122) (H. Pacifica) and a mixture of marine algae. The antifouling property of GOA composites has been proved to be closely related to the dispersibility of Ag NP. The overall work might provide valuable insight into developing antifouling materials for sensors in general.
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10
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Maciąg F, Moskalewicz T, Kowalski K, Łukaszczyk A, Hadzhieva Z, Boccaccini AR. The Effect of Electrophoretic Deposition Parameters on the Microstructure and Adhesion of Zein Coatings to Titanium Substrates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:E312. [PMID: 33435364 PMCID: PMC7827670 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Zein coatings were obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on commercially pure titanium substrates in an as-received state and after various chemical treatments. The properties of the zein solution, zeta potential and conductivity, at varying pH values were investigated. It was found that the zein content and the ratio of water to ethanol of the solution used for EPD, as well as the process voltage value and time, significantly influence the morphology of coatings. The deposits obtained from the solution containing 150 g/L and 200 g/L of zein and 10 vol % of water and 90 vol % of ethanol, about 4-5 μm thick, were dense and homogeneous. The effect of chemical treatment of the Ti substrate surface prior to EPD on coating adhesion to the substrate was determined. The coatings showed the highest adhesion to the as-received and anodized substrates due to the presence of a thick TiO2 layer on their surfaces and the presence of specific surface features. Coated titanium substrates showed slightly lower electrochemical corrosion resistance than the uncoated one in Ringer's solution. The coatings showed a well-developed surface topography compared to the as-received substrate, and they demonstrated hydrophilic nature. The present results provide new insights for the further development of zein-based composite coatings for biomedical engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Maciąg
- Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Czarnowiejska 66, 30-054 Kraków, Poland; (F.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Tomasz Moskalewicz
- Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Czarnowiejska 66, 30-054 Kraków, Poland; (F.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Kazimierz Kowalski
- Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Czarnowiejska 66, 30-054 Kraków, Poland; (F.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Alicja Łukaszczyk
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 23, 30-059 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Zoya Hadzhieva
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.H.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Aldo Roberto Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (Z.H.); (A.R.B.)
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11
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Safari N, Golafshan N, Kharaziha M, Reza Toroghinejad M, Utomo L, Malda J, Castilho M. Stable and Antibacterial Magnesium-Graphene Nanocomposite-Based Implants for Bone Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6253-6262. [PMID: 33449672 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys are promising biodegradable materials for bone repair applications. However, due to their rapid degradation and high corrosion rate, Mg-based alloys are typically associated with in vivo infections and implant failure. This study evaluated the synergistic stability and anti-inflammatory properties that could potentially be achieved by the modification of the Mg alloy with graphene nanoparticles (Gr). Incorporation of low dosages of Gr (0.18 and 0.50 wt %) in a Mg alloy with aluminum (Al, 1 wt %) and copper (Cu, 0.25 wt %) was successfully achieved by a spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. Notably, the degradation rate of the Mg-based alloys was reduced approximately 4-fold and the bactericidal activity was enhanced up to 5-fold with incorporation of only 0.18 wt % Gr to the Mg-1Al-Cu matrix. Moreover, the modified Mg-based nanocomposites with 0.18 wt % Gr demonstrated compressive properties within the range of native cancellous bone (modulus of approximately 6 GPa), whereas in vitro studies with human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) showed high cytocompatibility and superior osteogenic properties compared to non-Gr-modified Mg-1Al-Cu implants. Overall, this study provides foundations for the fabrication of stable, yet fully resorbable, Mg-based bone implants that could reduce implant-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Safari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Nasim Golafshan
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | | | - Lizette Utomo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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12
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Anti-bacterial activity of inorganic nanomaterials and their antimicrobial peptide conjugates against resistant and non-resistant pathogens. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119531. [PMID: 32540348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review details the antimicrobial applications of inorganic nanomaterials of mostly metallic form, and the augmentation of activity by surface conjugation of peptide ligands. The review is subdivided into three main sections, of which the first describes the antimicrobial activity of inorganic nanomaterials against gram-positive, gram-negative and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. The second section highlights the range of antimicrobial peptides and the drug resistance strategies employed by bacterial species to counter lethality. The final part discusses the role of antimicrobial peptide-decorated inorganic nanomaterials in the fight against bacterial strains that show resistance. General strategies for the preparation of antimicrobial peptides and their conjugation to nanomaterials are discussed, emphasizing the use of elemental and metallic oxide nanomaterials. Importantly, the permeation of antimicrobial peptides through the bacterial membrane is shown to aid the delivery of nanomaterials into bacterial cells. By judicious use of targeting ligands, the nanomaterial becomes able to differentiate between bacterial and mammalian cells and, thus, reduce side effects. Moreover, peptide conjugation to the surface of a nanomaterial will alter surface chemistry in ways that lead to reduction in toxicity and improvements in biocompatibility.
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13
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Yan Z, Huang M, Melander C, Kjellerup BV. Dispersal and inhibition of biofilms associated with infections. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:1279-1288. [PMID: 31618796 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
As bacteria aggregate and form biofilms on surfaces in the human body such as tissues, indwelling medical devices, dressings and implants, they can cause a significant health risk. Bacterial biofilms possess altered phenotypes: physical features that facilitate antibiotic resistance and evasion of the host immune response. Since metabolic and physical factors contribute to biofilm maturation and persistence, an objective in antibiofilm therapy is to target these factors to deliver innovative approaches for solving these important health problems. Currently, there is little research on the direct immunological effects resulting from the introduction of foreign components to the body pertaining to biofilm inhibition methods. Detailed research involving animal models is necessary to better understand the biological side effects of synthetic peptides, genetically modified bacteriophages and isolated proteins and any resistance that may develop from these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - M Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - C Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - B V Kjellerup
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
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14
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15
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Polymeric Composites with Silver (I) Cyanoximates Inhibit Biofilm Formation of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11061018. [PMID: 31181853 PMCID: PMC6631325 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are surface-associated microbial communities known for their increased resistance to antimicrobials and host factors. This resistance introduces a critical clinical challenge, particularly in cases associated with implants increasing the predisposition for bacterial infections. Preventing such infections requires the development of novel antimicrobials or compounds that enhance bactericidal effect of currently available antibiotics. We have synthesized and characterized twelve novel silver(I) cyanoximates designated as Ag(ACO), Ag(BCO), Ag(CCO), Ag(ECO), Ag(PiCO), Ag(PICO) (yellow and red polymorphs), Ag(BIHCO), Ag(BIMCO), Ag(BOCO), Ag(BTCO), Ag(MCO) and Ag(PiPCO). The compounds exhibit a remarkable resistance to high intensity visible light, UV radiation and heat and have poor solubility in water. All these compounds can be well incorporated into the light-curable acrylate polymeric composites that are currently used as dental fillers or adhesives of indwelling medical devices. A range of dry weight % from 0.5 to 5.0 of the compounds was tested in this study. To study the potential of these compounds in preventing planktonic and biofilm growth of bacteria, we selected two human pathogens (Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-positive environmental isolate Bacillus aryabhattai. Both planktonic and biofilm growth was abolished completely in the presence of 0.5% to 5% of the compounds. The most efficient inhibition was shown by Ag(PiCO), Ag(BIHCO) and Ag(BTCO). The inhibition of biofilm growth by Ag(PiCO)-yellow was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Application of Ag(BTCO) and Ag(PiCO)-red in combination with tobramycin, the antibiotic commonly used to treat P. aeruginosa infections, showed a significant synergistic effect. Finally, the inhibitory effect lasted for at least 120 h in P. aeruginosa and 36 h in S. aureus and B. aryabhattai. Overall, several silver(I) cyanoximates complexes efficiently prevent biofilm development of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and present a particularly significant potential for applications against P. aeruginosa infections.
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Cochis A, Azzimonti B, Chiesa R, Rimondini L, Gasik M. Metallurgical Gallium Additions to Titanium Alloys Demonstrate a Strong Time-Increasing Antibacterial Activity without any Cellular Toxicity. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2815-2820. [PMID: 33405586 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Orthopedic metallic devices are often related with devasting complications due to acute prosthetic joint infections. Gallium (Ga) antibacterial activity has been demonstrated by the evidence that Ga in solution ionizes in a Ga3+ trivalent form that replace Fe3+ thus arresting metabolism. However, it is not clear whether such effect is restricted only to Ga3+ release laps. Accordingly, here we investigated Ga addition into titanium alloys using metallurgical methods, thus realizing intermetallides of a very high stability that contain Ga in the range of 1, 2, 20, and 23% wt. ICP-OES analysis confirmed that Ga ions were not released from the specimens regardless of the Ga amount. These alloys ensured long-lasting Ga effect toward multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, whose metabolic activity was reduced of >80% in comparison with controls. Finally, specimens cytocompatibility was confirmed by direct and indirect contact evaluations with mature osteoblasts and preosteoblasts progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali INSTM, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases - CAAD, C.so Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Barbara Azzimonti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali INSTM, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases - CAAD, C.so Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiesa
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali INSTM, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering 'G. Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali INSTM, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases - CAAD, C.so Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Michael Gasik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Foundation, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 AALTO, Finland
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Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets loaded with chitosan and silver nanoparticles effective antifungal activities: in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:486-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Prabhawathi V, Sivakumar PM, Boobalan T, Manohar CM, Doble M. Design of antimicrobial polycaprolactam nanocomposite by immobilizing subtilisin conjugated Au/Ag core-shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 94:656-665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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19
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Li M, Schlaich C, Willem Kulka M, Donskyi IS, Schwerdtle T, Unger WES, Haag R. Mussel-inspired coatings with tunable wettability, for enhanced antibacterial efficiency and reduced bacterial adhesion. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00534j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mussel-inspired coatings with tunable wettability were designed, showing enhanced antibacterial efficiency and reduced bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Li
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Christoph Schlaich
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
| | | | - Ievgen S. Donskyi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
- BAM – Federal Institute for Material Science and Testing
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Institute of Nutritional Science
- Department of Food Chemistry
- University of Potsdam
- D-14558 Nuthetal
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. S. Unger
- BAM – Federal Institute for Material Science and Testing
- Division of Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry
- 12205 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
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20
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Control of Biofilm Formation in Healthcare: Recent Advances Exploiting Quorum-Sensing Interference Strategies and Multidrug Efflux Pump Inhibitors. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091676. [PMID: 30201944 PMCID: PMC6163278 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation in healthcare is an issue of considerable concern, as it results in increased morbidity and mortality, imposing a significant financial burden on the healthcare system. Biofilms are highly resistant to conventional antimicrobial therapies and lead to persistent infections. Hence, there is a high demand for novel strategies other than conventional antibiotic therapies to control biofilm-based infections. There are two approaches which have been employed so far to control biofilm formation in healthcare settings: one is the development of biofilm inhibitors based on the understanding of the molecular mechanism of biofilm formation, and the other is to modify the biomaterials which are used in medical devices to prevent biofilm formation. This review will focus on the recent advances in anti-biofilm approaches by interrupting the quorum-sensing cellular communication system and the multidrug efflux pumps which play an important role in biofilm formation. Research efforts directed towards these promising strategies could eventually lead to the development of better anti-biofilm therapies than the conventional treatments.
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Jing H, Sahle-Demessie E, Sorial GA. Inhibition of biofilm growth on polymer-MWCNTs composites and metal surfaces. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:167-178. [PMID: 29573683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an increased interest in incorporating multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into polymer matrices to control the adhesion of bacteria to surfaces and the subsequent formation of biofilm growth on the surface of water pipes, food packages, and medical devices. Microbial interactions with carbon nanotube-polymer composites in the environment are not well understood. The growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens (gram-negative) and Mycobacterium smegmatis (gram-positive) biofilms on copper, polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride, and stainless steel was compared with growth on MWCNT-PE composites in order to gain insight into the effect of the surface properties of nanomaterials on the attachment and proliferation of microorganism which could result in the engineering of better, non-fouling materials. A statistical analysis of the biofilm growth showed a significant impact of materials for both P. fluorescens (p < 0.0001) and M. smegmatis (p = 0.00426). Biofilm growth after 56 days on PE compared to biofilm growth on copper surfaces decreased by 46.4% and 34.9% for P. fluorescens and M. smegmatis, respectively. Biofilm growth on PE-multiwall-carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs)-composites surface compared to PE decreased by 89.3% and 29% for P. fluorescens and M. smegmatis, respectively. Bacterial species (p < 0.0006) and surface roughness (p < 0.0001) were important factors in determining the attachment and initial biofilm growth rate. The interactions between cells and material surface could be attributed to the complicated and collective effect of electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen/covalent bonding. Further study is needed to determine whether or not there is a difference between the cell attachment in the exponential growth phase and the stationary, or decay, phase cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengye Jing
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | | | - George A Sorial
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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Kim J, Gilbert JL. The effect of cell density, proximity, and time on the cytotoxicity of magnesium and galvanically coupled magnesium-titanium particles in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1428-1439. [PMID: 29322635 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and galvanically coupled magnesium-titanium (Mg-Ti) particles in vitro have been reported previously to kill cells in a dosage-dependent manner. Mg-Ti particles kill cells more effectively than Mg alone, due to the galvanic effect of Mg and Ti. This study further investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity of Mg and Mg-Ti in terms of particle concentration, cell density, time, and proximity. Cell density has an effect on cell viability only at low particle concentrations (below 250 µg/mL), where cell viability dropped only for lower cell densities (5000-10,000 cells/cm2 ) and not for higher cell densities (20,000-30,000 cells/cm2 ), showing that the particles cannot kill if there are more cells present. Cytotoxicity of Mg and Mg-Ti particles is quick and temporary, where the particles kill cells only during particle corrosion (first 24 h). Depending on the percentage of surviving cells, particle concentrations, and ongoing corrosion activity, the remaining live cells either proliferated and recovered, or just remained viable and quiescent. The particle killing is also proximity-dependent, where cell viability was significantly higher for cells far away from the particles (greater than ∼1 mm) compared to those close to the particles (less than ∼1 mm). Although the increase of pH does affect cell viability negatively, it is not the sole killing factor since cell viability is significantly dependent on particle type and proximity but not pH. Mg and Mg-Ti particles used in this study are large enough to prevent direct cell phagocytosis so that the cell killing effect may be attributed to solely electrochemical reactions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1428-1439, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jua Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, 13244.,Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, 13244
| | - Jeremy L Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, 13244.,Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, 13244.,Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634.,Clemson-Medical University of South Carolina Combined Program in Bioengineering, Charleston, South Carolina, 20425
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Bassegoda A, Ivanova K, Ramon E, Tzanov T. Strategies to prevent the occurrence of resistance against antibiotics by using advanced materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:2075-2089. [PMID: 29392390 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance occurrence is a global healthcare concern responsible for the increased morbidity and mortality in hospitals, time of hospitalisation and huge financial loss. The failure of the most antibiotics to kill "superbugs" poses the urgent need to develop innovative strategies aimed at not only controlling bacterial infection but also the spread of resistance. The prevention of pathogen host invasion by inhibiting bacterial virulence and biofilm formation, and the utilisation of bactericidal agents with different mode of action than classic antibiotics are the two most promising new alternative strategies to overcome antibiotic resistance. Based on these novel approaches, researchers are developing different advanced materials (nanoparticles, hydrogels and surface coatings) with novel antimicrobial properties. In this review, we summarise the recent advances in terms of engineered materials to prevent bacteria-resistant infections according to the antimicrobial strategies underlying their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Bassegoda
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Eva Ramon
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain.
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24
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Skariyachan S, Sridhar VS, Packirisamy S, Kumargowda ST, Challapilli SB. Recent perspectives on the molecular basis of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and approaches for treatment and biofilm dispersal. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 63:413-432. [PMID: 29352409 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium causes widespread diseases in humans. This bacterium is frequently related to nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs) and bacteriaemia especially in immunocompromised patients. The current review focuses on the recent perspectives on biofilms formation by these bacteria. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often adhere to a surface. These adherent cells are usually embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Pel, psl and alg operons present in P. aeruginosa are responsible for the biosynthesis of extracellular polysaccharide which plays an important role in cell surface interactions during biofilm formation. Recent studies suggested that cAMP signalling pathway, quorum-sensing pathway, Gac/Rsm pathway and c-di-GMP signalling pathway are the main mechanism that leads to the biofilm formation. Understanding the bacterial virulence depends on a number of cell-associated and extracellular factors and is very essential for the development of potential drug targets. Thus, the review focuses on the major genes involved in the biofilm formation, the state of art update on the biofilm treatment and the dispersal approaches such as targeting adhesion and maturation, targeting virulence factors and other strategies such as small molecule-based inhibitors, phytochemicals, bacteriophage therapy, photodynamic therapy, antimicrobial peptides and natural therapies and vaccines to curtail the biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinosh Skariyachan
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India.
| | - Vaishnavi Sneha Sridhar
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
| | - Swathi Packirisamy
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
| | - Supreetha Toplar Kumargowda
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
| | - Sneha Basavaraj Challapilli
- Department of Biotechnology, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India
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25
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Gasik M. Understanding biomaterial-tissue interface quality: combined in vitro evaluation. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2017; 18:550-562. [PMID: 28970865 PMCID: PMC5613488 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2017.1348872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in the development of new medical products and devices remains in providing maximal patient safety, efficacy and suitability for the purpose. A 'good quality' of the tissue-implant interface is one of the most critical factors for the success of the implant integration. In this paper this challenge is being discussed from the point of view of basic stimuli combination to experimental testing. The focus is in particular on bacterial effects on tissue-implant interaction (for different materials). The demonstration of the experimental evaluation of the tissue-implant interface is for dental abutment with mucosal contact. This shows that testing of the interface quality could be the most relevant in controlled conditions, which mimic as possible the clinical applications, but consider variables being under the control of the evaluator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gasik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Foundation, Finland
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26
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Scheuermann-Poley C, Wagner C, Hoffmann J, Moter A, Willy C. Bedeutung des Biofilms für die Infektbehandlung in der Unfallchirurgie. Unfallchirurg 2017; 120:461-471. [DOI: 10.1007/s00113-017-0361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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27
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Fernandes MM, Ivanova K, Hoyo J, Pérez-Rafael S, Francesko A, Tzanov T. Nanotransformation of Vancomycin Overcomes the Intrinsic Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:15022-15030. [PMID: 28393523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The increased emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a growing public health concern, and although new drugs are constantly being sought, the pace of development is slow compared with the evolution and spread of multidrug-resistant species. In this study, we developed a novel broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent by simply transforming vancomycin into nanoform using sonochemistry. Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic largely used for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria but inefficient against Gram-negative species. The nanospherization extended its effect toward Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, making these bacteria up to 10 and 100 times more sensitive to the antibiotic, respectively. The spheres were able to disrupt the outer membranes of these bacteria, overcoming their intrinsic resistance toward glycopeptides. The penetration of nanospheres into a Langmuir monolayer of bacterial membrane phospholipids confirmed the interaction of the nanoantibiotic with the membrane of E. coli cells, affecting their physical integrity, as further visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Such mechanism of antibacterial action is unlikely to induce mutations in the evolutionary conserved bacterial membrane, therefore reducing the possibility of acquiring resistance. Our results indicated that the nanotransformation of vancomycin could overcome the inherent resistance of Gram-negative bacteria toward this antibiotic and disrupt mature biofilms at antibacterial-effective concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida M Fernandes
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Javier Hoyo
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Sílvia Pérez-Rafael
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Antonio Francesko
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
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Fennell Y, Ymele-Leki P, Azeezat Adegboye T, Jones KL. Impact of Sulfidation of Silver Nanoparticles on Established<i> P. aeruginosa Biofilm</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2017.81006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Silver-Containing Hydroxyapatite Coating Reduces Biofilm Formation by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus In Vitro and In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8070597. [PMID: 28105433 PMCID: PMC5220461 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8070597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm-producing bacteria are the principal causes of infections associated with orthopaedic implants. We previously reported that silver-containing hydroxyapatite (Ag-HA) coatings exhibit high antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In the present study, we evaluated the effects of Ag-HA coating of implant surfaces on biofilm formation. Titanium disks (14-mm diameter, 1-mm thickness), one surface of which was coated with HA or 0.5%-3.0% Ag-HA with a thermal spraying technique, were used. In vitro, the disks were inoculated with an MRSA suspension containing 4 × 105 CFU and incubated for 1-2 weeks. In vivo, MRSA-inoculated HA and 3% Ag-HA disks (8.8-10.0 × 108 CFU) were implanted subcutaneously on the back of rats for 1-7 days. All disks were subsequently stained with a biofilm dye and observed under a fluorescence microscope, and biofilm coverage rates (BCRs) were calculated. The BCRs on the Ag-HA coating were significantly lower than those on the HA coating at all time points in vitro (p < 0.05). Similar results were observed in vivo (p < 0.001) without argyria. Ag-HA coating reduced biofilm formation by MRSA in vitro and in vivo; therefore, Ag-HA coating might be effective for reducing implant-associated infections.
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Geilich BM, Gelfat I, Sridhar S, van de Ven AL, Webster TJ. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-encapsulating polymersome nanocarriers for biofilm eradication. Biomaterials 2016; 119:78-85. [PMID: 28011336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rising prevalence and severity of antibiotic-resistant biofilm infections poses an alarming threat to public health worldwide. Here, biocompatible multi-compartment nanocarriers were synthesized to contain both hydrophobic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and the hydrophilic antibiotic methicillin for the treatment of medical device-associated infections. SPION co-encapsulation was found to confer unique properties, enhancing both nanocarrier relaxivity and magneticity compared to individual SPIONs. These iron oxide-encapsulating polymersomes (IOPs) penetrated 20 μm thick Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms with high efficiency following the application of an external magnetic field. Three-dimensional laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed differential bacteria death as a function of drug and SPION loading. Complete eradication of all bacteria throughout the biofilm thickness was achieved using an optimized IOP formulation containing 40 μg/mL SPION and 20 μg/mL of methicillin. Importantly, this formulation was selectively toxic towards methicillin-resistant biofilm cells but not towards mammalian cells. These novel iron oxide-encapsulating polymersomes demonstrate that it is possible to overcome antibiotic-resistant biofilms by controlling the positioning of nanocarriers containing two or more therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Geilich
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ilia Gelfat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Srinivas Sridhar
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anne L van de Ven
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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31
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Regenerated cellulose/polypyrrole/silver nanoparticles/ionic liquid composite films for potential wound healing applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gallo J, Panacek A, Prucek R, Kriegova E, Hradilova S, Hobza M, Holinka M. Silver Nanocoating Technology in the Prevention of Prosthetic Joint Infection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E337. [PMID: 28773461 PMCID: PMC5503077 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a feared complication of total joint arthroplasty associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There is a growing body of evidence that bacterial colonization and biofilm formation are critical pathogenic events in PJI. Thus, the choice of biomaterials for implanted prostheses and their surface modifications may significantly influence the development of PJI. Currently, silver nanoparticle (AgNP) technology is receiving much interest in the field of orthopaedics for its antimicrobial properties and a strong anti-biofilm potential. The great advantage of AgNP surface modification is a minimal release of active substances into the surrounding tissue and a long period of effectiveness. As a result, a controlled release of AgNPs could ensure antibacterial protection throughout the life of the implant. Moreover, the antibacterial effect of AgNPs may be strengthened in combination with conventional antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents. Here, our main attention is devoted to general guidelines for the design of antibacterial biomaterials protected by AgNPs, its benefits, side effects and future perspectives in PJI prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Ales Panacek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.
| | - Robert Prucek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Kriegova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Sarka Hradilova
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Hobza
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Holinka
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
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Nicoara M, Locovei C, Șerban VA, Parthiban R, Calin M, Stoica M. New Cu-Free Ti-Based Composites with Residual Amorphous Matrix. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:ma9050331. [PMID: 28773455 PMCID: PMC5503046 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Titanium-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are considered to have potential for biomedical applications because they combine favorable mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. Copper represents the most common alloying element, which provides high amorphization capacity, but reports emphasizing cytotoxic effects of this element have risen concerns about possible effects on human health. A new copper-free alloy with atomic composition Ti42Zr10Pd14Ag26Sn₈, in which Cu is completely replaced by Ag, was formulated based on Morinaga's d-electron alloy design theory. Following this theory, the actual amount of alloying elements, which defines the values of covalent bond strength Bo and d-orbital energy Md, situates the newly designed alloy inside the BMG domain. By mean of centrifugal casting, cylindrical rods with diameters between 2 and 5 mm were fabricated from this new alloy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-rays diffraction (XRD), as well as microstructural analyses using optical and scanning electron microscopy (OM/SEM) revealed an interesting structure characterized by liquid phase-separated formation of crystalline Ag, as well as metastable intermetallic phases embedded in residual amorphous phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Nicoara
- Materials and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Politehnica University Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei 2, Timisoara RO-300006, Romania.
| | - Cosmin Locovei
- Materials and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Politehnica University Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei 2, Timisoara RO-300006, Romania.
| | - Viorel Aurel Șerban
- Materials and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Politehnica University Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei 2, Timisoara RO-300006, Romania.
| | - R Parthiban
- Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, Dresden D-01069, Germany.
| | - Mariana Calin
- Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, Dresden D-01069, Germany.
| | - Mihai Stoica
- Materials and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Politehnica University Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei 2, Timisoara RO-300006, Romania.
- Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, Dresden D-01069, Germany.
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Ferraris S, Spriano S. Antibacterial titanium surfaces for medical implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 61:965-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Vacuum plasma sprayed coatings using ionic silver doped hydroxyapatite powder to prevent bacterial infection of bone implants. Biointerphases 2016; 11:011012. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4943225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sáenz de Viteri V, Barandika G, Bayón R, Fernández X, Ciarsolo I, Igartua A, Pérez Tanoira R, Moreno JE, Peremarch CPJ. Development of Ti–C–N coatings with improved tribological behavior and antibacterial properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 55:75-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Antimicrobial Effect of Polymer-Based Silver Nanoparticle Coated Pedicle Screws: Experimental Research on Biofilm Inhibition in Rabbits. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016; 41:E323-9. [PMID: 26571170 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Antimicrobial effect of a novel silver-impregnated pedicle screw in rabbits. OBJECTIVE A novel spine implant model was designed to study the antimicrobial effect of a modified Titanium (Ti) pedicle screws with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in multiple surgical sites in the lumbar spine of a rabbit. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Infection in spinal implant is of great concern. Anti-infection strategies must be tested in relevant animal models that will lead to appropriate clinical studies. METHODS Fourteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 2 groups: group 1: infected unmodified Ti screw group (n = 6), and group 2: infected polyethylene glycol grafted, polypropylene-based silver nanoparticle (PP-g-PEG-Ag) covered Ti screw group (n = 6), and 2 rabbits as sterile (sham-operated and control) group. In all groups, left L4-right L6 vertebra levels were exposed and screws were drilled to transverse processes after contamination of burr holes and surrounding tissue with 0.1 mL of 10 colony forming units (CFU) MRSA solutions in groups 1 and 2. After 21 days, samples were collected and infection was analyzed via light and scanning electron microscopy and culturing. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) on the screws and tissues were assayed pre and postoperatively. RESULTS The bacterial colony count for modified-Ti screw group was lower than for unmodified Ti screw (17.2 versus 200 x 10(3) CFU/mL, P = 0.029) with less biofilm formation. There was no difference in duration of surgery among groups and within the surgical sites. Ag-NPs were detected on the screw surface postoperatively. CONCLUSION This novel experimental design of implantation in rabbits is easy to apply and resembles human stabilization technique. Modified Ti screws were shown to have antimicrobial effect especially inhibiting the biofilm formation. This anchored Ag NPs that remained after 21st day of implantation shows that it is resistant to tapping forces of the screw.
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Discovery of cahuitamycins as biofilm inhibitors derived from a convergent biosynthetic pathway. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10710. [PMID: 26880271 PMCID: PMC4757757 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic microorganisms often have the ability to attach to a surface, building a complex matrix where they colonize to form a biofilm. This cellular superstructure can display increased resistance to antibiotics and cause serious, persistent health problems in humans. Here we describe a high-throughput in vitro screen to identify inhibitors of Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms using a library of natural product extracts derived from marine microbes. Analysis of extracts derived from Streptomyces gandocaensis results in the discovery of three peptidic metabolites (cahuitamycins A-C), with cahuitamycin C being the most effective inhibitor (IC50=14.5 μM). Biosynthesis of cahuitamycin C proceeds via a convergent biosynthetic pathway, with one of the steps apparently being catalysed by an unlinked gene encoding a 6-methylsalicylate synthase. Efforts to assess starter unit diversification through selective mutasynthesis lead to production of unnatural analogues cahuitamycins D and E of increased potency (IC50=8.4 and 10.5 μM).
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Mishra AR, Zheng J, Tang X, Goering PL. Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Autophagic-Lysosomal Disruption and NLRP3-Inflammasome Activation in HepG2 Cells Is Size-Dependent. Toxicol Sci 2016; 150:473-87. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Current applications of nanoparticles in infectious diseases. J Control Release 2016; 224:86-102. [PMID: 26772877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For decades infections have been treated easily with drugs. However, in the 21st century, they may become lethal again owing to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Pathogens can become resistant by means of different mechanisms, such as increasing the time they spend in the intracellular environment, where drugs are unable to reach therapeutic levels. Moreover, drugs are also subject to certain problems that decrease their efficacy. This requires the use of high doses, and frequent administrations must be implemented, causing adverse side effects or toxicity. The use of nanoparticle systems can help to overcome such problems and increase drug efficacy. Accordingly, there is considerable current interest in their use as antimicrobial agents against different pathogens like bacteria, virus, fungi or parasites, multidrug-resistant strains and biofilms; as targeting vectors towards specific tissues; as vaccines and as theranostic systems. This review begins with an overview of the different types and characteristics of nanoparticles used to deliver drugs to the target, followed by a review of current research and clinical trials addressing the use of nanoparticles within the field of infectious diseases.
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Pérez-Tanoira R, Horwat D, Kinnari TJ, Pérez-Jorge C, Gómez-Barrena E, Migot S, Esteban J. Bacterial adhesion on biomedical surfaces covered by yttria stabilized zirconia. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:6. [PMID: 26610929 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5625-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus spp. on Ti-6Al-4V with respect to Ti-6Al-V modified alloys with a set of Cubic yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and Ag-YSZ nanocomposite films. Silver is well known to have a natural biocidal character and its presence in the surface predicted to enhance the antimicrobial properties of biomedical surfaces. Microbial adhesion tests were performed using collection strains and twelve clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The adherence study was performed using a previously published protocol by Kinnari et al. Both collection strains and clinical isolates have shown lower bacterial adhesion to materials modified with respect to the alloy Ti-6Al-4V and the modification with silver reduced the bacterial adhesion for most of all the strains studied. Moreover the percentage of dead bacteria have been evaluated, demonstrating increased proportion of dead bacteria for the modified surfaces. Nanocrystalline silver dissolves releasing both Ag(+) and Ag(0) whereas other silver sources release only Ag(+). We can conclude that YSZ with nanocrystalline silver coating may lead to diminished postoperative infections and to increased corrosion and scratch resistance of YSZ incorporating alloys Ti-6Al-4V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Pérez-Tanoira
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Ave Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - David Horwat
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR7198, Université de Lorraine, 54011, Nancy, France
| | - Teemu J Kinnari
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Concepción Pérez-Jorge
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Ave Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sylvie Migot
- Centre de Compétences en Microscopies Electroniques et Microsondes (CC-MEM), Institut Jean Lamour, Parc de Saurupt, CS 50840, 54011, Nancy, France
| | - Jaime Esteban
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Ave Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Santos-Ferreira I, Bettencourt A, Almeida AJ. Nanoparticulate platforms for targeting bone infections: meeting a major therapeutic challenge. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3131-45. [PMID: 26446355 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone infections are devastating complications in orthopedics due to biofilm formation. Treatment requires high antibiotic doses, which may lead to systemic toxicity thus limiting the drug therapeutic effectiveness. In this context, nanoparticles are well-known controlled release drug carriers that are able to modulate release rate, versatile in terms of administration routes and may be used as local delivery systems. Regarding bone infections, although nanoparticles are a promising strategy for overcoming biofilm tolerance, there are clearly technical, safety, regulatory and clinical challenges that need to be overcome before such nanomedicines may be translated into clinical use. In this paper, we present a critical overview on the high expectations against the real potential of the nanotechnological approaches to bone infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Santos-Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
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Niknejad F, Nabili M, Daie Ghazvini R, Moazeni M. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Advantages of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae model. Curr Med Mycol 2015; 1:17-24. [PMID: 28680992 PMCID: PMC5490325 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.cmm.1.3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Microorganism-based synthesis of nanostructures has recently been noted as a green method for the sustainable development of nanotechnology. Nowadays, there have been numerous studies on the emerging resistant pathogenic bacteria and fungal isolates, the probable inability of bacteria and fungi to develop resistance against silver nanoparticles’ (SNPs) antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and, particularly antibacterial activities. In this study, we aim to use the yeast Saccharomycescerevisiae model for synthesis of SNPs and to investigate its antifungal activity against some isolates of Candidaalbicans. Materials and Methods: A standard strain of S.cerevisiae was grown in liquid medium containing mineral salt; then, it was exposed to 2 mM AgNO3. The reduction of Ag+ ions to metal nanoparticles was virtually investigated by tracing the color of the solution, which turned into reddish-brown after 72 hours. Further characterization of synthesized SNPs was performed afterwards. In addition, antifungal activity of synthesized SNPs was evaluated against fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant isolates of Candidaalbicans. Results: The UV-vis spectra demonstrated a broad peak centering at 410 nm, which is associated with the particle sizes much less than 70 nm. The results of TEM demonstrated fairly uniform, spherical and small in size particles with almost 83.6% ranging between 5 and 20 nm. The zeta potential of SNPs was negative and equal to -25.0 (minus 25) mv suggesting that there was not much aggregation. Silver nanoparticles synthesized by S.cerevisiae, showed antifungal activity against fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans isolates, and exhibited MIC90 values of 2 and 4 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The yeast S. cerevisiae model demonstrated the potential for extracellular synthesis of fairly monodisperse silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Niknejad
- Infectious Disease Research Science, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M Nabili
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Iranian Social Security Organization, Iran
| | - R Daie Ghazvini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Moazeni
- Invasive Fungi Research Centre, Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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McConoughey SJ, Howlin R, Granger JF, Manring MM, Calhoun JH, Shirtliff M, Kathju S, Stoodley P. Biofilms in periprosthetic orthopedic infections. Future Microbiol 2015; 9:987-1007. [PMID: 25302955 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the number of total joint arthroplasty and internal fixation procedures continues to rise, the threat of infection following surgery has significant clinical implications. These infections may have highly morbid consequences to patients, who often endure additional surgeries and lengthy exposures to systemic antibiotics, neither of which are guaranteed to resolve the infection. Of particular concern is the threat of bacterial biofilm development, since biofilm-mediated infections are difficult to diagnose and effective treatments are lacking. Developing therapeutic strategies have targeted mechanisms of biofilm formation and the means by which these bacteria communicate with each other to take on specialized roles such as persister cells within the biofilm. In addition, prevention of infection through novel coatings for prostheses and the local delivery of high concentrations of antibiotics by absorbable carriers has shown promise in laboratory and animal studies. Biofilm development, especially in an arthoplasty environment, and future diagnostic and treatment options are discussed.
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Paladini F, Pollini M, Sannino A, Ambrosio L. Metal-Based Antibacterial Substrates for Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1873-85. [PMID: 26082968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interest in nanotechnology and the growing concern for the antibiotic resistance demonstrated by many microorganisms have recently stimulated many efforts in designing innovative biomaterials and substrates with antibacterial properties. Among the implemented strategies to control the incidence of infections associated with the use of biomedical device and implants, interesting routes are represented by the incorporation of bactericidal agents onto the surface of biomaterials for the prevention of bacterial adhesion and biofilm growth. Natural products and particularly bioactive metals such as silver, copper and zinc represent an interesting alternative for the development of advanced biomaterials with antimicrobial properties. This review presents an overview of recent progress in the modification of biomaterials as well as the most attractive techniques for the deposition of antimicrobial coatings on different substrates for biomedical application. Moreover, some research activities and results achieved by the authors in the development of antibacterial materials are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Paladini
- †Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Pollini
- †Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- †Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Yang Y, Liu T, Cheng L, Song G, Liu Z, Chen M. MoS2-based nanoprobes for detection of silver ions in aqueous solutions and bacteria. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:7526-33. [PMID: 25776005 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Silver as an extensively used antibacterial agent also poses potential threats to the environment and human health. Hence, in this work, we design a fluorescent nanoprobe by using rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RhoBS) adsorbed MoS2 nanosheets to realize sensitive and selective detection of Ag(+). On the surface of RhoBS-loaded MoS2 nanosheets, Ag(+) can be reduced to Ag nanoparticles, which afterward could not only lead to the detachment of RhoBS molecules and thus their recovered fluorescence but also the surface-enhanced fluorescence from RhoBS remaining adsorbed on MoS2. Such an interesting mechanism allows highly sensitive detection of Ag(+) (down to 10 nM) with great selectivity among other metal ions. Moreover, we further demonstrate that our MoS2-RhoBS complex could act as a nontoxic nanoprobe to detect Ag(+) in live bacteria samples. Our work resulted from an unexpected finding and suggests the promise of two-dimensional transition-metal sulfide nanosheets as a novel platform for chemical and biological sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- †State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Meiwan Chen
- †State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
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Suchomel P, Kvitek L, Panacek A, Prucek R, Hrbac J, Vecerova R, Zboril R. Comparative study of antimicrobial activity of AgBr and Ag nanoparticles (NPs). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119202. [PMID: 25781988 PMCID: PMC4363559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse mechanism of antimicrobial activity of Ag and AgBr nanoparticles against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and also against several strains of candida was explored in this study. The AgBr nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by simple precipitation of silver nitrate by potassium bromide in the presence of stabilizing polymers. The used polymers (PEG, PVP, PVA, and HEC) influence significantly the size of the prepared AgBr NPs dependently on the mode of interaction of polymer with Ag+ ions. Small NPs (diameter of about 60–70 nm) were formed in the presence of the polymer with low interaction as are PEG and HEC, the polymers which interact with Ag+ strongly produce nearly two times bigger NPs (120–130 nm). The prepared AgBr NPs were transformed to Ag NPs by the reduction using NaBH4. The sizes of the produced Ag NPs followed the same trends – the smallest NPs were produced in the presence of PEG and HEC polymers. Prepared AgBr and Ag NPs dispersions were tested for their biological activity. The obtained results of antimicrobial activity of AgBr and Ag NPs are discussed in terms of possible mechanism of the action of these NPs against tested microbial strains. The AgBr NPs are more effective against gram-negative bacteria and tested yeast strains while Ag NPs show the best antibacterial action against gram-positive bacteria strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Suchomel
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kvitek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Ales Panacek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Prucek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hrbac
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Vecerova
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zboril
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Rajiv S, Drilling A, Bassiouni A, James C, Vreugde S, Wormald PJ. Topical colloidal silver as an anti-biofilm agent in aStaphylococcus aureuschronic rhinosinusitis sheep model. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2015; 5:283-8. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.21459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Rajiv
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Amanda Drilling
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Ahmed Bassiouni
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Craig James
- Adelaide Pathology Partners; Adelaide Australia
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - Peter-John Wormald
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
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Salem W, Leitner DR, Zingl FG, Schratter G, Prassl R, Goessler W, Reidl J, Schild S. Antibacterial activity of silver and zinc nanoparticles against Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxic Escherichia coli. Int J Med Microbiol 2015; 305:85-95. [PMID: 25466205 PMCID: PMC4300426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxic Escherichia coli (ETEC) remain two dominant bacterial causes of severe secretory diarrhea and still a significant cause of death, especially in developing countries. In order to investigate new effective and inexpensive therapeutic approaches, we analyzed nanoparticles synthesized by a green approach using corresponding salt (silver or zinc nitrate) with aqueous extract of Caltropis procera fruit or leaves. We characterized the quantity and quality of nanoparticles by UV-visible wavelength scans and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Nanoparticles could be synthesized in reproducible yields of approximately 10(8) particles/ml with mode particles sizes of approx. 90-100 nm. Antibacterial activity against two pathogens was assessed by minimal inhibitory concentration assays and survival curves. Both pathogens exhibited similar resistance profiles with minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging between 5×10(5) and 10(7) particles/ml. Interestingly, zinc nanoparticles showed a slightly higher efficacy, but sublethal concentrations caused adverse effects and resulted in increased biofilm formation of V. cholerae. Using the expression levels of the outer membrane porin OmpT as an indicator for cAMP levels, our results suggest that zinc nanoparticles inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity. This consequently deceases the levels of this second messenger, which is a known inhibitor of biofilm formation. Finally, we demonstrated that a single oral administration of silver nanoparticles to infant mice colonized with V. cholerae or ETEC significantly reduces the colonization rates of the pathogens by 75- or 100-fold, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Salem
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria; South Valley University, Faculty of Science, Qena, Egypt
| | - Deborah R Leitner
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Franz G Zingl
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gebhart Schratter
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Schmiedlstraße 6, 8042 Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Schmiedlstraße 6, 8042 Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute for Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Reidl
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Jing H, Mezgebe B, Aly Hassan A, Sahle-Demessie E, Sorial GA, Bennett-Stamper C. Experimental and modeling studies of sorption of ceria nanoparticle on microbial biofilms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 161:109-117. [PMID: 24690581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the interaction of ceria nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs) with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilms. Confocal laser microscopy and transmission electron microscopy determined the distribution of NPs in the complex structures of biofilm at molecular levels. Visual data showed that most of the adsorption takes place on the bacterial cell walls and spores. The interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with biofilms reached equilibrium after the initial high adsorption rate regardless of biofilm heterogeneity and different nanoparticle concentrations in the bulk liquid. Physical processes may dominate this sorption phenomenon. Pseudo first order sorption kinetics was used to estimate adsorption and desorption rate of CeO2-NPs onto biofilms. When biofilms got exposed to CeO2-NPs, a self-protecting mechanism was observed. Cells moved away from the bulk solution in the biofilm matrix, and portions of biofilm outer layer were detached, hence releasing some CeO2-NPs back to the bulk phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengye Jing
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bineyam Mezgebe
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ashraf Aly Hassan
- Office of Research and Development, NRMRL, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - George A Sorial
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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