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Hiremath G, Pramanik S, Horatti P, Anil. Comparative evaluation of bioactivity of MTA plus and MTA plus chitosan conjugate in phosphate buffer saline an invitro study. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:1097-1104. [PMID: 39176164 PMCID: PMC11337962 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Various materials like MTA, Biodentine etc have been used for the regeneration of lost dental tissues. Still, the quest for newer materials to enhance the bioactivity of the existing materials continues. Hence this study aims at the evaluation of bioactivity of MTA Plus when conjugated with Chitosan in phosphate buffer saline. Methodology Materials used were MTA Plus (Group 1), MTA Plus and chitosan conjugate(Group 2). The materials were mixed and placed in phosphate buffer saline. Bioactivity of Group 1 and Group 2 materials were assessed at 7 days and 28 day's time intervals using SEM-EDX analysis. Results SEM analysis of group 1 revealed a compact and agglomerate lath-like appearance with uniform particle size. SEM analysis of group 2 reveals acicular and lath-like appearance of the precipitate on the material surface. EDX analysis of the freshly prepared materials gave the qualitative semiquantitative elemental composition on the material surfaces after immersion in PBS for 7 and 28 days. Conclusion MTA Plus Chitosan conjugate had greater potential to form apatite crystals on its surface. Hence, Chitosan can be used as a vehicle for the currently available materials to enhance the bioactivity and fasten the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Hiremath
- Dept. Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Shreshtha Pramanik
- Dept. Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya Horatti
- Dept. Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Anil
- Dept. Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India
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Li J, Wu J, Zhu L, Mao S, Wang S, Jia P, Dong Y. Polydopamine-coated bioactive glass for immunomodulation and odontogenesis in pulpitis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101130. [PMID: 39027678 PMCID: PMC11255122 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Preserving vital pulp in cases of dental pulpitis is desired but remains challenging. Previous research has shown that bioactive glass (BG) possesses notable capabilities for odontogenic differentiation. However, the immunoregulatory potential of BG for inflamed pulp is still controversial, which is essential for preserving vital pulp in the context of pulpitis. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing polydopamine-coated BG (BG-PDA) which demonstrates the ability to alleviate inflammation and promote odontogenesis for vital pulp therapy. In vitro, BG-PDA has the potential to induce M2 polarization of macrophages, resulting in decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, inhibition of pro-inflammatory factor, and enhancement of anti-inflammatory factor expression. Furthermore, BG-PDA can strengthen the mitochondrial function in macrophages and facilitate odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. In a rat model of pulpitis, BG-PDA exhibits the capacity to promote M2 polarization of macrophages, alleviate inflammation, and facilitate dentin bridge formation. This study highlights the notable immunomodulatory and odontogenesis-inducing properties of BG-PDA for treating dental pulpitis, as evidenced by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. These results imply that BG-PDA could serve as a promising biomaterial for vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Li
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jilin Wu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Sicong Mao
- Department of General Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Sainan Wang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peipei Jia
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanmei Dong
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
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Keerthivasan A, Rajkumar K, Vidhya S, Mahalaxmi S. Response to the Letter to the Editor: 'Effect of Polydopamine on Bonding Characteristics of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate to Resin Composite'. Eur Endod J 2024; 9:97-98. [PMID: 38157283 PMCID: PMC10777086 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2023.58966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Keerthivasan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Kothandaraman Rajkumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Sampath Vidhya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Sekar Mahalaxmi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
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Tung CC, Lin YH, Chen YW, Wang FM. Enhancing the Mechanical Properties and Aging Resistance of 3D-Printed Polyurethane through Polydopamine and Graphene Coating. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3744. [PMID: 37765597 PMCID: PMC10535223 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a versatile manufacturing method widely used in various industries due to its design flexibility, rapid production, and mechanical strength. Polyurethane (PU) is a biopolymer frequently employed in 3D printing applications, but its susceptibility to UV degradation limits its durability. To address this issue, various additives, including graphene, have been explored to enhance PU properties. Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon material, possesses remarkable mechanical and electrical properties, but challenges arise in its dispersion within the polymer matrix. Surface modification techniques, like polydopamine (PDA) coating, have been introduced to improve graphene's compatibility with polymers. This study presents a method of 3D printing PU scaffolds coated with PDA and graphene for enhanced UV stability. The scaffolds were characterized through X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and UV durability tests. Results showed successful PDA coating, graphene deposition, and improved mechanical properties. The PDA-graphene-modified scaffolds exhibited greater UV resistance over time, attributed to synergistic effects between PDA and graphene. These findings highlight the potential of combining PDA and graphene to enhance the stability and mechanical performance of 3D-printed PU scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chiang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hong Lin
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ming Wang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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Influence of strontium containing fluorophosphate glass onto structural and mechanical behavior of MTA network. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105750. [PMID: 36878080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporation of strontium based fluoro phosphate glass (SrFPG) 48P2O5-29CaO-14NaO-3CaF2-6SrO on physico chemical and biological properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODS Optimized SrFPG glass powder were prepared using planetary ball mill and incorporated into MTA in varying proportion (1, 5, 10 wt%) to obtain SrMT1, SrMT5, SrMT10 bio-composite respectively. The bio-composites were characterized using XRD, FTIR and SEM-EDAX before and after soaking for 28 days in stimulated body fluid (SBF) solution. To assess the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the prepared bio-composite, density, pH analysis, compressive strength and cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT assay were done before and after soaking for 28 days in SBF solution. RESULTS A nonlinear variation in compressive strength and pH values was noted. Of the bio-composites, SrMT10 was evidenced with rich apatite formation in XRD, FTIR and SEM with EDAX analysis. MTT assay showed increased cell viability in all the samples before and after in vitro studies.
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Hu N, Li W, Jiang W, Wen J, Gu S. Creating a Microenvironment to Give Wings to Dental Pulp Regeneration-Bioactive Scaffolds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:158. [PMID: 36678787 PMCID: PMC9861529 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp and periapical diseases make patients suffer from acute pain and economic loss. Although root canal therapies, as demonstrated through evidence-based medicine, can relieve symptoms and are commonly employed by dentists, it is still difficult to fully restore a dental pulp's nutrition, sensory, and immune-regulation functions. In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in tissue engineering to regenerate dental pulp in a desired microenvironment. With breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and material science, bioactive scaffolds play a pivotal role in creating a suitable microenvironment for cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, following dental restoration and regeneration. This article focuses on current challenges and novel perspectives about bioactive scaffolds in creating a microenvironment to promote dental pulp regeneration. We hope our readers will gain a deeper understanding and new inspiration of dental pulp regeneration through our summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weiping Li
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jin Wen
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Shensheng Gu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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Additive Manufacturing of Caffeic Acid-Inspired Mineral Trioxide Aggregate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold for Regulating Vascular Induction and Osteogenic Regeneration of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112911. [PMID: 34831134 PMCID: PMC8616324 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a common biomaterial used in endodontics regeneration due to its antibacterial properties, good biocompatibility and high bioactivity. Surface modification technology allows us to endow biomaterials with the necessary biological targets for activation of specific downstream functions such as promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis. In this study, we used caffeic acid (CA)-coated MTA/polycaprolactone (PCL) composites and fabricated 3D scaffolds to evaluate the influence on the physicochemical and biological aspects of CA-coated MTA scaffolds. As seen from the results, modification of CA does not change the original structural characteristics of MTA, thus allowing us to retain the properties of MTA. CA-coated MTA scaffolds were shown to have 25% to 55% higher results than bare scaffold. In addition, CA-coated MTA scaffolds were able to significantly adsorb more vascular endothelial growth factors (p < 0.05) secreted from human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). More importantly, CA-coated MTA scaffolds not only promoted the adhesion and proliferation behaviors of hDPSCs, but also enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Finally, CA-coated MTA scaffolds led to enhanced subsequent in vivo bone regeneration of the femur of rabbits, which was confirmed using micro-computed tomography and histological staining. Taken together, CA can be used as a potently functional bioactive coating for various scaffolds in bone tissue engineering and other biomedical applications in the future.
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The Development of Light-Curable Calcium-Silicate-Containing Composites Used in Odontogenic Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183107. [PMID: 34578012 PMCID: PMC8468725 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulp regeneration is one of the most successful areas in the field of tissue regeneration, despite its current limitations. The biocompatibility of endodontic biomaterials is essential in securing the oral microenvironment and supporting pulp tissue regeneration. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the new light-curable calcium silicate (CS)-containing polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) biocomposites’ regulation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in odontogenic-related regeneration. The CS-containing PEGDA (0 to 30 wt%) biocomposites are applied to endodontics materials to promote their mechanical, bioactive, and biological properties. Firstly, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the incorporation of CS increased the number of covalent bonds in the PEGDA. The diameter tension strength of the CS-containing PEGDA composite was significantly higher than that of normal PEGDA, and a different microstructure was detected on the surface. Samples were analyzed for their surface characteristics and Ca/Si ion-release profiles after soaking in simulated body fluid for different periods of time. The CS30 group presented better hDPSC adhesion and proliferation in comparison with CS0. Higher values of odontogenic-related biomarkers were found in hDPSCs on CS30. Altogether, these results prove the potential of light-curable CS-containing PEGDA composites as part of a ‘point-of-care’ strategy for application in odontogenesis-related regeneration.
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Lin YT, Hsu TT, Liu YW, Kao CT, Huang TH. Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080929. [PMID: 34440133 PMCID: PMC8394247 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss or damage is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and it results in significant impacts on one’s quality of life. Dental regeneration with the support of stem cell-containing scaffolds has emerged as an alternative treatment strategy for such cases. With this concept in mind, we developed various concentrations of calcium silicate (CS) in a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) matrix and fabricated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden scaffolds via the use of a bioprinting technology in order to determine their feasibility in promoting odontogenesis. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy showed that the incorporation of CS increased the number of covalent bonds in the GelMa hydrogels. In addition, rheological analyses were conducted for the different concentrations of hydrogels to evaluate their sol–gel transition temperature. It was shown that incorporation of CS improved the printability and printing quality of the scaffolds. The printed CS-containing scaffolds were able to release silicate (Si) ions, which subsequently significantly enhanced the activation of signaling-related markers such as ERK and significantly improved the expression of odontogenic-related markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), and osteocalcin (OC). The calcium deposition assays were also significantly enhanced in the CS-containing scaffold. Our results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds were not only enhanced in terms of their physicochemical behaviors but the odontogenesis of the hDPSCs was also promoted as compared to GelMa scaffolds. These results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds can serve as cell-laden materials for future clinical applications and use in dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (C.-T.K.)
| | - Tuan-Ti Hsu
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan; (T.-T.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan; (T.-T.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Chia-Tze Kao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (C.-T.K.)
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (C.-T.K.)
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22967979 (ext. 3700)
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Biofabrication of Gingival Fibroblast Cell-Laden Collagen/Strontium-Doped Calcium Silicate 3D-Printed Bi-Layered Scaffold for Osteoporotic Periodontal Regeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040431. [PMID: 33923505 PMCID: PMC8073616 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic disease that can lead to lose teeth and even tooth loss if left untreated. Osteoporosis and periodontal disease share similar characteristics and associated factors. Current regenerative techniques for periodontal diseases are ineffective in restoring complete function and structural integrity of periodontium due to unwanted migration of cells. In this study, we applied the concept of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and 3D fabricated gingival fibroblast cell-laden collagen/strontium-doped calcium silicate (SrCS) bi-layer scaffold for periodontal regeneration. The results revealed that the bioactive SrCS had a hydroxyapatite formation on its surface after 14 days of immersion and that SrCS could release Sr and Si ions even after 6 months of immersion. In addition, in vitro results showed that the bi-layer scaffold enhanced secretion of FGF-2, BMP-2, and VEGF from human gingival fibroblasts and increased secretion of osteogenic-related proteins ALP, BSP, and OC from WJMSCs. In vivo studies using animal osteoporotic models showed that the 3D-printed cell-laden collagen/SrCS bi-layer scaffold was able to enhance osteoporotic bone regeneration, as seen from the increased Tb.Th and BV/TV ratio and the histological stains. In conclusion, it can be seen that the bi-layer scaffolds enhanced osteogenesis and further showed that guided periodontal regeneration could be achieved using collagen/SrCS scaffolds, thus making it a potential candidate for future clinical applications.
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Li K, Tsoi JKH, Yiu CKY. The application of novel mussel-inspired compounds in dentistry. Dent Mater 2021; 37:655-671. [PMID: 33579531 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To give a current review of the mechanism of mussel adhesion, the application of mussel-inspired compounds in dentistry and the challenges associated with clinical application. METHODS Inspired by the wet adhesion property of 3,4-dihydroxyphenol-l-alanine (Dopa) in mussel plaques, various chemical compounds have been synthesized to mimic the mussel as an adhesion model for medical applications. Similar to mussels in the marine environment, dental materials in the oral environment have to endure long-term water hydrolysis, mechanical stress and other chemical challenges. These challenges have influenced an increasing number of studies that are exploring the translation of mussel-inspired adhesion to clinical applications. Therefore, this review discusses the mussel adhesion chemistry and its related application in dentistry. RESULTS Mussel-inspired compounds have achieved relatively acceptable performances in various dental fields, including surface coating, metal ions chelation, dentin bonding and mucosal adhesion. However, two practical problems remain to be comprehensively addressed, namely the protection of catechol groups from oxidation, and the feasibility for clinical application. SIGNIFICANCE The mussel's wet adhesion ability has attracted much research interest in the dental field because of its properties of moisture-resistant adhesion and surface coating. Despite the emergence of several mussel-inspired compounds in recent years, a comprehensive and timely review of their applications in dentistry is lacking. Therefore, the current review hopes to provide valuable information around the application of mussel-inspired compounds in dentistry with their pros and cons discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - James Kit Hon Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Applied Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong.
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Huang KH, Wang CY, Chen CY, Hsu TT, Lin CP. Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020128. [PMID: 33572786 PMCID: PMC7911692 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and scaffolds play an important role in tissue regeneration by supporting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The design of a scaffold is critical in determining its feasibility, and it is critical to note that each tissue is unique in terms of its morphology and composition. However, calcium-silicate-based scaffolds are undegradable, which severely limits their application in bone regeneration. In this study, we developed a biodegradable mesoporous calcium silicate (MS)/calcium sulfate (CS)/poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) composite and fabricated a composite scaffold with 3D printing technologies. In addition, we were able to load bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) into MS powder via a one-step immersion procedure. The results demonstrated that the MS/CS scaffold gradually degraded within 3 months. More importantly, the scaffold exhibited a gradual release of BMP-2 throughout the test period. The adhesion and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells on the MS/CS/BMP-2 (MS/CS/B) scaffold were significantly greater than that on the MS/CS scaffold. It was also found that cells cultured on the MS/CS/B scaffold had significantly higher levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and angiogenic-related protein expression. The MS/CS/B scaffold promoted the growth of new blood vessels and bone regeneration within 4 weeks of implantation in rabbits with induced critical-sized femoral defects. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the 3D-printed MS/CS/B scaffold can act both as a conventional BMP-2 delivery system and as an ideal osteoinductive biomaterial for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hao Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan; (K.-H.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100229, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ying Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan; (K.-H.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100229, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan; (K.-H.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Tuan-Ti Hsu
- X-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-T.H.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-4-22967979 (ext. 3703) (T.-T.H.); +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 67980) or +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 67221) (C.-P.L.)
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan; (K.-H.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100229, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-T.H.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-4-22967979 (ext. 3703) (T.-T.H.); +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 67980) or +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 67221) (C.-P.L.)
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Kao CT, Chiu YC, Lee AKX, Lin YH, Huang TH, Liu YC, Shie MY. The synergistic effects of Xu Duan combined Sr-contained calcium silicate/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffolds for the promotion of osteogenesis marker expression and the induction of bone regeneration in osteoporosis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111629. [PMID: 33321669 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and its related problems such as fractures are gradually becoming common due to an aging population. Current methods to treat osteoporosis include medical and surgical options such as bone implants. Recent developments in 3D printing and materials science technologies has allowed us to fabricate individualized scaffolds with desired properties. In this study, we mixed Xu Duan into strontium‑calcium silicate powder at 5% (XD5) and 10% (XD10) and fabricated 3D scaffolds with polycaprolactone. All scaffolds were assessed for its physical, mechanical, and biological properties to evaluated for its feasibility for bone tissue engineering in the osteoporosis model. Our results showed that such a scaffold could be fabricated using extrusion-based printing techniques and that addition of XD did not alter original structural properties of the SrCS. Furthermore, the XD5 and XD10 scaffolds were found to be non-toxic to cells and cells cultured on the scaffolds had significantly higher proliferation and secreted increased osteogenic-related proteins in in vitro studies as compared to the XD0 groups. Remarkably, the XD10 scaffolds could be used as substitutes for the critical-sized bone defect (7.0 mm diameter and 8.0 mm depth) in the osteoporotic rabbit model. The XD10 scaffolds can enhance bone ingrowth and accelerate new bone regeneration even in complex osteoporotic pathological environments. These results showed that such a Chinese medicine-contained scaffold had potential in osteoporosis bone tissue regeneration and could be considered as a promising tool for future clinical used applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Tze Kao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Cheng Chiu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Alvin Kai-Xing Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hong Lin
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chieh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Dental Science and Oral Health Industries, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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Tu MG, Lee AKX, Lin YH, Huang TH, Ho CC, Shie MY. Caffeic Acid-coated Nanolayer on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Potentiates the Host Immune Responses, Angiogenesis, and Odontogenesis. J Endod 2020; 46:1455-1464. [PMID: 32668309 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate whether mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) can be modified with caffeic acid (CA) to form caffeic acid/mineral trioxide aggregate (CAMTA) cement and to evaluate its physicochemical and biological properties as well as its capability in immune suppression and angiogenesis. METHODS MTA was immersed in trishydroxymethyl aminomethane buffer with CA to allow coating onto MTA powders. X-ray diffractometry and tensile stress-strain tests were conducted to assess for physical characteristics of CAMTA and to evaluate for successful modification of MTA. Then, the CAMTA cement was immersed in simulated body fluid to evaluate its hydroxyapatite formation capabilities and Si release profiles. In addition, RAW 264.7 cells and human dental pulp stem cells were used to evaluate CAMTA's immunosuppressive capabilities and cell responses, respectively. hDPSCs were also used to assess CAMTA's angiogenic capabilities. RESULTS The X-ray diffractometry results showed that CA can be successfully coated onto MTA without disrupting or losing MTA's original structural properties, thus allowing us to retain the initial advantages of MTA. CAMTA was shown to have higher mechanical properties compared with MTA and had rougher pitted surfaces, which were hypothesized to lead to enhanced adhesion, proliferation, and secretion of angiogenic- and odontogenic-related proteins. In addition, it was found that CAMTA was able to enhance hydroxyapatite formation and immunosuppressive capabilities compared with MTA. CONCLUSIONS CAMTA cements were found to have improved physicochemical and biological characteristics compared with their counterpart. In addition, CAMTA cements had enhanced odontogenic, angiogenic, and immunosuppressive properties compared with MTA. All of the results of this study proved that CAMTA cements could be a biomaterial for future clinical applications and tissue engineering use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Gene Tu
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Alvin Kai-Xing Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hong Lin
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; The PhD Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Ho
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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15
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Han F, Wang J, Ding L, Hu Y, Li W, Yuan Z, Guo Q, Zhu C, Yu L, Wang H, Zhao Z, Jia L, Li J, Yu Y, Zhang W, Chu G, Chen S, Li B. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: Achievements, Future, and Sustainability in Asia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:83. [PMID: 32266221 PMCID: PMC7105900 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring innovative solutions to improve the healthcare of the aging and diseased population continues to be a global challenge. Among a number of strategies toward this goal, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) has gradually evolved into a promising approach to meet future needs of patients. TERM has recently received increasing attention in Asia, as evidenced by the markedly increased number of researchers, publications, clinical trials, and translational products. This review aims to give a brief overview of TERM development in Asia over the last decade by highlighting some of the important advances in this field and featuring major achievements of representative research groups. The development of novel biomaterials and enabling technologies, identification of new cell sources, and applications of TERM in various tissues are briefly introduced. Finally, the achievement of TERM in Asia, including important publications, representative discoveries, clinical trials, and examples of commercial products will be introduced. Discussion on current limitations and future directions in this hot topic will also be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxuan Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Luguang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanbin Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenquan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qianping Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Luanluan Jia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingkang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Genglei Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
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Tu MG, Sun KT, Wang TH, He YZ, Hsia SM, Tsai BH, Shih YH, Shieh TM. Effects of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioceramics on macrophage differentiation and polarization in vitro. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 118:1458-1465. [PMID: 31358435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Mineral trioxide aggregate (Pro-Root MTA, PR-MTA) and bioceramics (iRoot® SP Injectable Root Canal Sealer, iR-BC) are used for making apical plugs used in apexification, repairing root perforations during root canal therapy, and treating internal root resorption. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to compare the biological effects of PR-MTA- and iR-BC-based dental sealers in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. METHODS Cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell hemocytometer, respectively. Protein expression of biomarkers of cell proliferation, autophagy, and osteoclast differentiation was determined by western blotting. Pro-inflammatory gene expression was examined using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS PR-MTA induced cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and iR-BC was more cytotoxic than PR-MTA. Low-dose and short-term treatments of both PR-MTA and iR-BC induced RAW 264.7 cell proliferation. PR-MTA induced autophagy, whereas iR-BC did not. Neither PR-MTA nor iR-BC induced osteoclastogenesis. Pro-inflammatory genes were activated by both materials. However, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA was upregulated by iR-BC treatment, but not by PR-MTA treatment. CONCLUSION Overall, dental PR-MTA and iR-BC induced pro-inflammatory genes but did not induce osteoclastogenesis in macrophages. PR-MTA and iR-BC induced M2 and M1 polarization, respectively, of RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Gene Tu
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ting Sun
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Zhen He
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bi-He Tsai
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lin YH, Chuang TY, Chiang WH, Chen IWP, Wang K, Shie MY, Chen YW. The synergistic effects of graphene-contained 3D-printed calcium silicate/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffolds promote FGFR-induced osteogenic/angiogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109887. [PMID: 31500024 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-contained calcium silicate (CS)/polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold (GCP) provides an alternative solution that can bring several bone formation properties, such as osteoinductive. This study finds out the optimal percentage of graphene additive to calcium silicate and polycaprolactone mixture for excellent in vitro and in vivo bone-regeneration ability, in addition, this scaffold could fabricate by 3D printing technology and demonstrates distinct mechanical, degradation, and biological behavior. With controlled structure and porosity by 3D printing, osteogenesis and proliferation capabilities of Wharton's Jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) were significantly enhanced when cultured on 3D printed GCP scaffolds. In this study, it was also discovered that fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) plays an active role in modulating differentiation behavior of WJMSCs cultured on GCP scaffolds. The validation has been proved by analyzed the decreased cell proliferation, osteogenic-related protein (ALP and OC), and angiogenic-related protein (VEGF and vWF) with FGFR knockdown on all experimental groups. Moreover, this study infers that the GCP scaffold could induce the effects of proliferation, differentiation and related protein expression on WJMSCs through FGFR pathway. In summary, this research indicated the 3D-printed GCP scaffolds own the dual bioactivities to reach the osteogenesis and vascularization for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hong Lin
- The Ph.D. Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Yu Chuang
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Peter Chen
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung City, Taiwan
| | - Kan Wang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ming-You Shie
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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18
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Sanz JL, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Llena C, Sauro S, Forner L. Bioactivity of Bioceramic Materials Used in the Dentin-Pulp Complex Therapy: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12071015. [PMID: 30934746 PMCID: PMC6479584 DOI: 10.3390/ma12071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dentistry-applied bioceramic materials are ceramic materials that are categorized as bioinert, bioactive and biodegradable. They share a common characteristic of being specifically designed to fulfil their function; they are able to act as root canal sealers, cements, root repair or filling materials. Bioactivity is only attributed to those materials which are capable of inducing a desired tissue response from the host. The aim of this study is to present a systematic review of available literature investigating bioactivity of dentistry-applied bioceramic materials towards dental pulp stem cells, including a bibliometric analysis of such a group of studies and a presentation of the parameters used to assess bioactivity, materials studied and a summary of results. The research question, based on the PICO model, aimed to assess the current knowledge on dentistry-based bioceramic materials by exploring to what extent they express bioactive properties in in vitro assays and animal studies when exposed to dental pulp stem cells, as opposed to a control or compared to different bioceramic material compositions, for their use in the dentin-pulp complex therapy. A systematic search of the literature was performed in six databases, followed by article selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Studies assessing bioactivity of one or more bioceramic materials (both commercially available or novel/experimental) towards dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were included in our review. A total of 37 articles were included in our qualitative review. Quantification of osteogenic, odontogenic and angiogenic markers using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the prevailing method used to evaluate bioceramic material bioactivity towards DPSCs in the current investigative state, followed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity assays and Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) to assess mineralization potential. Mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine are the prevalent reference materials used to compare with newly introduced bioceramic materials. Available literature compares a wide range of bioceramic materials for bioactivity, consisting mostly of in vitro assays. The desirability of this property added to the rapid introduction of new material compositions makes this subject a clear candidate for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Carmen Llena
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca (Valencia), Spain.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences at King's College London, Floor 17 Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Leopoldo Forner
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Tsai CH, Hung CH, Kuo CN, Chen CY, Peng YN, Shie MY. Improved Bioactivity of 3D Printed Porous Titanium Alloy Scaffold with Chitosan/Magnesium-Calcium Silicate Composite for Orthopaedic Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E203. [PMID: 30634440 PMCID: PMC6356721 DOI: 10.3390/ma12020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, cases of bone defects have been increasing incrementally. Thus, repair or replacement of bone defects is gradually becoming a huge problem for orthopaedic surgeons. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have since emerged as a potential candidate for bone replacement, of which titanium (Ti) alloys are one of the most promising candidates among the metal alloys due to their low cytotoxicity and mechanical properties. However, bioactivity remains a problem for metal alloys, which can be enhanced using simple immersion techniques to coat bioactive compounds onto the surface of Ti⁻6Al⁻4V scaffolds. In our study, we fabricated magnesium-calcium silicate (Mg⁻CS) and chitosan (CH) compounds onto Ti⁻6Al⁻4V scaffolds. Characterization of these surface-modified scaffolds involved an assessment of physicochemical properties as well as mechanical testing. Adhesion, proliferation, and growth of human Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) were assessed in vitro. In addition, the cell attachment morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy to assess adhesion qualities. Osteogenic and mineralization assays were conducted to assess osteogenic expression. In conclusion, the Mg⁻CS/CH coated Ti⁻6Al⁻4V scaffolds were able to exhibit and retain pore sizes and their original morphologies and architectures, which significantly affected subsequent hard tissue regeneration. In addition, the surface was shown to be hydrophilic after modification and showed mechanical strength comparable to natural bone. Not only were our modified scaffolds able to match the mechanical properties of natural bone, it was also found that such modifications enhanced cellular behavior such as adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, which led to enhanced osteogenesis and mineralization downstream. In vivo results indicated that Mg⁻CS/CH coated Ti⁻6Al⁻4V enhances the bone regeneration and ingrowth at the critical size bone defects of rabbits. These results indicated that the proposed Mg⁻CS/CH coated Ti⁻6Al⁻4V scaffolds exhibited a favorable, inducive micro-environment that could serve as a promising modification for future bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Tsai
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hung Hung
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Nan Kuo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yu Chen
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ning Peng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-You Shie
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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20
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Shen YF, Huang TH, Ng HY, Fang HY, Hsu TT. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Mixed with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for the Photodynamic Antimicrobial Strategy in Hard Tissue Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1734. [PMID: 30223515 PMCID: PMC6163745 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) based photodynamic antimicrobial strategy can provide good antimicrobial effects and be used for medical applications. The aim of this study was to apply this strategy to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), which is commonly used as a filling material for root endings and by doing so, to increase the bactericidal capability of MTA, as well as to investigate its characterization, cytocompatibility, and odontogenic differentiation potential. MTA is known to be a derivative of calcium silicate (CS). In this study, MTA specimens with or without ALA and light treatment were prepared. Diametral tensile strength values (DTS), setting durations, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, apatite-mineralization, and antimicrobial abilities of the MTA, were also analyzed. Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) can proliferate into the newly formed matrix and differentiate into odontoblasts to reinforce and strengthen the root. Levels of hDPCs proliferation and its odontogenic capabilities when cultured on MTA with ALA and light treatment, and the percentages of cells existing in the various cell cycle stages, were further evaluated in this study. The results indicated that MTA added ALA with light treatment had greater antibacterial ability and cytocompatibility, compared to MTA alone. A higher percentage S phase of the cells cultured on MTA added ALA with light treatment was observed. Furthermore, hDPCs cultured on MTA added ALA with light treatment had the highest expression levels of the odontoblastic differentiation markers. ALA has great antimicrobial efficiency and is a potential material for future medical applications. ALA-based photodynamic antibacterial strategy applied in the MTA has great antibacterial ability, cytocompatibility, and odontoblastic differentiation potential, and can facilitate the development of root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Hooi-Yee Ng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yuan Fang
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tuan-Ti Hsu
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
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21
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Kao CT, Chen YJ, Ng HY, Lee AKX, Huang TH, Lin TF, Hsu TT. Surface Modification of Calcium Silicate via Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine and Effective Adsorption of Extracellular Matrix to Promote Osteogenesis Differentiation for Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1664. [PMID: 30205589 PMCID: PMC6165256 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cement has garnered huge interest in recent years, due to its versatility and potential in mass fabrication of a variety of bioceramics. For this study, the main objective was to fabricate functionalized calcium silicate (CS) powder integrated with a simple bio-inspired surface modification using polydopamine (PDA), to regulate cellular behaviors such as cellular adhesion, and subsequently cell differentiation and proliferation. For this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques were used to analyze the chemical compositions and observe the surface characteristics of our PDA coated CS cements. Such modifications were found to enhance Wharton Jelly's mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSC) in various ways. Firstly, PDA-coated CS cements were found to significantly enhance cell adhesion with higher expressions of cell adhesion markers, such as focal adhesion kinase and integrins. This was further supported by morphology analysis of the cells. This enhanced cell adhesion, in turn, led to significantly higher secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, such as collagen I and fibronectin, which directly promoted cell attachments and proliferation. In our osteogenesis assays, it was found that secretion and expression of osteogenesis related genes and proteins were significantly higher and were dependent on the PDA content. Therefore, these results demonstrated that such simple bio-inspired modification techniques of synthetic degradable CS cements can be applied as a future modification, to modify and convert inert surfaces of synthetic bone grafts to enhance and modulate the cell behaviors of WJMSCs. This in turn can be used as a potential alternative for further bioengineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Tze Kao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Jen Chen
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Hooi-Yee Ng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Alvin Kai-Xing Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tz-Feng Lin
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Tuan-Ti Hsu
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan.
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22
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Chen YW, Shen YF, Ho CC, Yu J, Wu YHA, Wang K, Shih CT, Shie MY. Osteogenic and angiogenic potentials of the cell-laden hydrogel/mussel-inspired calcium silicate complex hierarchical porous scaffold fabricated by 3D bioprinting. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 91:679-687. [PMID: 30033302 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
3D printing has been popularly used in the bone tissue engineering, as many of the biomaterials for this field of study can be prepared for and produced from this additive manufacturing technique. In this study, we strategized a solvent-free processing to fabricate the polydopamine-modified calcium silicate (PDACS)/poly-caprolactone (PCL) scaffold with Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) incorporated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)-laden hydrogel. The PDACS/PCL/hydrogel 3D scaffold yielded a Young's modulus of the 3D scaffolds as high as 75 MPa. In addition, the vascular morphogenesis and cellular behaviors regulated by our hybrid scaffolds were also intricately evaluated. Furthermore, the HUVEC in the bioink exhibited higher levels of angiogenic biomarkers and showed potential for the formation of complex vascular networks. Higher levels of bone formation proteins were also observed in our composites. Such a hybrid of synthetic materials with cell constituents not only enhances osteogenesis but also stimulates vessel network development in angiogenesis, presenting the fact that 3D printing can be further applied in improving bone tissue regeneration in numerous aspects. We believe that this method may serve as a useful and effective approach for the regeneration of defective complex hard tissues in deep bone structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3D Printing Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- 3D Printing Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Ho
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Joyce Yu
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Haw Andrew Wu
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kan Wang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Cheng-Ting Shih
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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