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Mamani-Huarcaya BM, Navarro-Gochicoa MT, Herrera-Rodríguez MB, Camacho-Cristóbal JJ, Ceacero CJ, Fernández Cutire Ó, González-Fontes A, Rexach J. Leaf Proteomic Analysis in Seedlings of Two Maize Landraces with Different Tolerance to Boron Toxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2322. [PMID: 37375947 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) toxicity is an important stressor that negatively affects maize yield and the quality of the produce. The excessive B content in agricultural lands is a growing problem due to the increase in arid and semi-arid areas because of climate change. Recently, two Peruvian maize landraces, Sama and Pachía, were physiologically characterized based on their tolerance to B toxicity, the former being more tolerant to B excess than Pachía. However, many aspects regarding the molecular mechanisms of these two maize landraces against B toxicity are still unknown. In this study, a leaf proteomic analysis of Sama and Pachía was performed. Out of a total of 2793 proteins identified, only 303 proteins were differentially accumulated. Functional analysis indicated that many of these proteins are involved in transcription and translation processes, amino acid metabolism, photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, protein degradation, and protein stabilization and folding. Compared to Sama, Pachía had a higher number of differentially expressed proteins related to protein degradation, and transcription and translation processes under B toxicity conditions, which might reflect the greater protein damage caused by B toxicity in Pachía. Our results suggest that the higher tolerance to B toxicity of Sama can be attributed to more stable photosynthesis, which can prevent damage caused by stromal over-reduction under this stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Maribel Mamani-Huarcaya
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna 23000, Peru
| | | | | | - Juan José Camacho-Cristóbal
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Juan Ceacero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Óscar Fernández Cutire
- Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna 23000, Peru
| | - Agustín González-Fontes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Rexach
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
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Mohammadi-Cheraghabadi M, Modarres-Sanavy SAM, Sefidkon F, Mokhtassi-Bidgoli A, Hazrati S. Harvest time explains substantially more variance in yield, essential oil and quality performances of Salvia officinalis than irrigation and putrescine application. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:109-120. [PMID: 36733840 PMCID: PMC9886791 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Elicitors, irrigation regimes and harvest times influence the content, yield and compound of the essential oil (EO) in Salvia officinalis (sage), through changes in biomass dynamics and biosynthetic pathways. A two-year field experiment was conducted to determine if foliar application of putrescine under optimum and deficit stress conditions would favorably affect EO yield, content and profile of sage harvested in spring and summer. The response of dry weight, EO yield and content, myrcene and borneol concentrations to irrigation regime and putrescine concentration can be expressed by a quadratic model. The maximum dry weight (182.63 g m-2) and EO yield (1.68 g m-2) were predicted under irrigation regimes of 9.06% and 27.75% available soil water depletion (ASWD), respectively. The highest EO content (1.05%) was predicted under 3.04 mM of putrescine. Based on results obtained from GC/MS analyses, 25 compounds (mostly monoterpenes) were identified in the EO of sage. Among EO compounds, α-thujone (54.08%), 1, 8-cineole (17.87%), pinocarvone (14.30%), β-thujone (7.97%) and camphor (8.76%) in turn were the most abundant. The concentration of myrcene was higher in spring than summer under the irrigation regimes of 60% and 80% ASWD. The myrcene concentration reached its maximum (4.53%) under the irrigation regime of 86.5% ASWD. The irrigation regimes of 48.03% and 45.6% ASWD caused the highest borneol concentrations of 1.47% and 1.41% by application of 1.5 mM and 2.25 mM putrescine, respectively. All treatments tested on sage, particularly harvest time, can play an important role in the improvement of EO quality and quantity. Averaged over both years, the irrigation regime of nearly 30% ASWD resulted in the highest EO yield harvested with greater quantity and better quality in summer. The EO content and quality changed slightly with the application of putrescine, without significant effect on yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Hazrati
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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Goswami AK, Maurya NK, Goswami S, Bardhan K, Singh SK, Prakash J, Pradhan S, Kumar A, Chinnusamy V, Kumar P, Sharma RM, Sharma S, Bisht DS, Kumar C. Physio-biochemical and molecular stress regulators and their crosstalk for low-temperature stress responses in fruit crops: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022167. [PMID: 36578327 PMCID: PMC9790972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature stress (LTS) drastically affects vegetative and reproductive growth in fruit crops leading to a gross reduction in the yield and loss in product quality. Among the fruit crops, temperate fruits, during the period of evolution, have developed the mechanism of tolerance, i.e., adaptive capability to chilling and freezing when exposed to LTS. However, tropical and sub-tropical fruit crops are most vulnerable to LTS. As a result, fruit crops respond to LTS by inducing the expression of LTS related genes, which is for climatic acclimatization. The activation of the stress-responsive gene leads to changes in physiological and biochemical mechanisms such as photosynthesis, chlorophyll biosynthesis, respiration, membrane composition changes, alteration in protein synthesis, increased antioxidant activity, altered levels of metabolites, and signaling pathways that enhance their tolerance/resistance and alleviate the damage caused due to LTS and chilling injury. The gene induction mechanism has been investigated extensively in the model crop Arabidopsis and several winter kinds of cereal. The ICE1 (inducer of C-repeat binding factor expression 1) and the CBF (C-repeat binding factor) transcriptional cascade are involved in transcriptional control. The functions of various CBFs and aquaporin genes were well studied in crop plants and their role in multiple stresses including cold stresses is deciphered. In addition, tissue nutrients and plant growth regulators like ABA, ethylene, jasmonic acid etc., also play a significant role in alleviating the LTS and chilling injury in fruit crops. However, these physiological, biochemical and molecular understanding of LTS tolerance/resistance are restricted to few of the temperate and tropical fruit crops. Therefore, a better understanding of cold tolerance's underlying physio-biochemical and molecular components in fruit crops is required under open and simulated LTS. The understanding of LTS tolerance/resistance mechanism will lay the foundation for tailoring the novel fruit genotypes for successful crop production under erratic weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Goswami
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Maurya
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kirti Bardhan
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jai Prakash
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Satyabrata Pradhan
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amarjeet Kumar
- Multi Testing Technology Centre and Vocational Training Centre, Selesih, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India
| | - Radha Mohan Sharma
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Stuti Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Chavlesh Kumar
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Navakoudis E, Kotzabasis K. Polyamines: Α bioenergetic smart switch for plant protection and development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 270:153618. [PMID: 35051689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present review highlights the bioenergetic role of polyamines in plant protection and development and proposes a universal model for describing polyamine-mediated stress responses. Any stress condition induces an excitation pressure on photosystem II by reforming the photosynthetic apparatus. To control this phenomenon, polyamines act directly on the molecular structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus as well as on the components of the chemiosmotic proton-motive force (ΔpH/Δψ), thus regulating photochemical (qP) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of energy. The review presents the mechanistic characteristics that underline the key role of polyamines in the structure, function, and bioenergetics of the photosynthetic apparatus upon light adaptation and/or under stress conditions. By following this mechanism, it is feasible to make stress-sensitive plants to be tolerant by simply altering their polyamine composition (especially the ratio of putrescine to spermine), either chemically or by light regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Navakoudis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Kiriakos Kotzabasis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, 70013, Heraklion, Greece.
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Zhao J, Wang X, Pan X, Jiang Q, Xi Z. Exogenous Putrescine Alleviates Drought Stress by Altering Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and Biosynthesis of Polyamines in the Seedlings of Cabernet Sauvignon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:767992. [PMID: 34970285 PMCID: PMC8712750 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change imposes intensive dry conditions in most grape-growing regions. Drought stress is one of the most devastating abiotic factors threatening grape growth, yield, and fruit quality. In this study, the alleviation effect of exogenous putrescine (Put) was evaluated using the seedlings of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) subjected to drought stress. The phenotype, photosynthesis index, membrane injury index (MII), and antioxidant system, as well as the dynamic changes of endogenous polyamines (PAs) of grape seedlings, were monitored. Results showed that drought stress increased the MII, lipid peroxidation, and the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H2O2 and O2 -), while it decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity and the net photosynthesis rate (Pn). However, the application of Put alleviated the effects of drought stress by altering ROS scavenging, enhancing the antioxidant system, and increasing the net Pn. Put distinctly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH). Meanwhile, exogenous Put also promoted the metabolism of endogenous PAs by upregulating their synthetic genes. Our results confirmed that the exogenous application of Put can enhance the antioxidant capacity as well as alter the PA pool, which provides better drought tolerance for Cabernet Sauvignon seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xingbo Pan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Qianqian Jiang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhumei Xi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Xianyang, China
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6
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Pottosin I, Olivas-Aguirre M, Dobrovinskaya O, Zepeda-Jazo I, Shabala S. Modulation of Ion Transport Across Plant Membranes by Polyamines: Understanding Specific Modes of Action Under Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:616077. [PMID: 33574826 PMCID: PMC7870501 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.616077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This work critically discusses the direct and indirect effects of natural polyamines and their catabolites such as reactive oxygen species and γ-aminobutyric acid on the activity of key plant ion-transporting proteins such as plasma membrane H+ and Ca2+ ATPases and K+-selective and cation channels in the plasma membrane and tonoplast, in the context of their involvement in stress responses. Docking analysis predicts a distinct binding for putrescine and longer polyamines within the pore of the vacuolar TPC1/SV channel, one of the key determinants of the cell ionic homeostasis and signaling under stress conditions, and an additional site for spermine, which overlaps with the cytosolic regulatory Ca2+-binding site. Several unresolved problems are summarized, including the correct estimates of the subcellular levels of polyamines and their catabolites, their unexplored effects on nucleotide-gated and glutamate receptor channels of cell membranes and Ca2+-permeable and K+-selective channels in the membranes of plant mitochondria and chloroplasts, and pleiotropic mechanisms of polyamines' action on H+ and Ca2+ pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pottosin
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Biomedical Center, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | | | - Isaac Zepeda-Jazo
- Food Genomics Department, Universidad de La Ciénega del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, Sahuayo, Mexico
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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Zhong M, Wang Y, Shu S, Sun J, Guo S. Ectopic expression of CsTGase enhances salt tolerance by regulating polyamine biosynthesis, antioxidant activities and Na +/K + homeostasis in transgenic tobacco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110492. [PMID: 32540011 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGases), mediators of the transamidation of specific proteins by polyamines (PA), play critical roles in PA metabolism in animals, but their functions and regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown in plants. In this study, we demonstrated that TGase from cucumber played a protective role in the regulation of PA metabolism under salt stress. The expression of TGase was induced by salt stress in cucumber. Ectopic overexpression of cucumber TGase in tobacco conferred enhanced tolerance to salt stress based on both external symptoms and membrane integrity. Overexpression lines maintained high levels of PAs under salt stress, suggesting that PAs played a vital role in TGase-induced salt tolerance. In contrast, the levels of Na+ content in the wild-type (WT) plants increased, while they decreased in the overexpression plants. The expression levels of several genes related to ion exchange enhanced, and the Na+/K+ ratio decreased by increased TGase activity under salt stress. The activities of the proton-pump ATPase (H+-ATPase), vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase (PPase) were higher in the overexpression lines than in WT plants under salt stress. Moreover, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents were significantly lower in the overexpression lines than in WT plants, accompanied by increased antioxidant enzyme activity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that TGase plays protective roles in response to salt stress, which may promote plant survival by regulating PA metabolism and the Na+/K+ balance under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Agriculture Technology Extension Station of Jingsu Province, Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian, 223800, China.
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Pakdel H, Hassani SB, Ghotbi-Ravandi AA, Bernard F. Contrasting the expression pattern change of polyamine oxidase genes and photosynthetic efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under drought stress. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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Menéndez AB, Calzadilla PI, Sansberro PA, Espasandin FD, Gazquez A, Bordenave CD, Maiale SJ, Rodríguez AA, Maguire VG, Campestre MP, Garriz A, Rossi FR, Romero FM, Solmi L, Salloum MS, Monteoliva MI, Debat JH, Ruiz OA. Polyamines and Legumes: Joint Stories of Stress, Nitrogen Fixation and Environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1415. [PMID: 31749821 PMCID: PMC6844238 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are natural aliphatic amines involved in many physiological processes in almost all living organisms, including responses to abiotic stresses and microbial interactions. On other hand, the family Leguminosae constitutes an economically and ecologically key botanical group for humans, being also regarded as the most important protein source for livestock. This review presents the profuse evidence that relates changes in PAs levels during responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in model and cultivable species within Leguminosae and examines the unreviewed information regarding their potential roles in the functioning of symbiotic interactions with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizae in this family. As linking plant physiological behavior with "big data" available in "omics" is an essential step to improve our understanding of legumes responses to global change, we also examined integrative MultiOmics approaches available to decrypt the interface legumes-PAs-abiotic and biotic stress interactions. These approaches are expected to accelerate the identification of stress tolerant phenotypes and the design of new biotechnological strategies to increase their yield and adaptation to marginal environments, making better use of available plant genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bernardina Menéndez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Ayelén Gazquez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrés Garriz
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Franco Rubén Rossi
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | | | - Leandro Solmi
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Maria Soraya Salloum
- Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales (IFRGV) Ing “Victorio S Trippi,” Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariela Inés Monteoliva
- Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales (IFRGV) Ing “Victorio S Trippi,” Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Julio Humberto Debat
- Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE) Ing “Sergio Nome,” Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Oscar Adolfo Ruiz
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales (IFRGV) Ing “Victorio S Trippi,” Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Córdoba, Argentina
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10
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Wu X, Shu S, Wang Y, Yuan R, Guo S. Exogenous putrescine alleviates photoinhibition caused by salt stress through cooperation with cyclic electron flow in cucumber. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 141:303-314. [PMID: 31004254 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
When plants suffer from abiotic stresses, cyclic electron flow (CEF) is induced for photo-protection. Putrescine (Put), a primary polyamine in chloroplasts, plays a critical role in stress tolerance. However, the relationship between CEF and Put in chloroplasts for photo-protection is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of Put-induced CEF for salt tolerance in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L). Treatment with 90 mM NaCl and/or Put did not influence the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), but the photoactivity of PSI was severely inhibited by NaCl. Salt stress induced a high level of CEF; moreover, plants treated with both NaCl and Put exhibited much higher CEF activity and ATP accumulation than those exhibited by single-salt-treated plants to provide an adequate ATP/NADPH ratio for plant growth. Furthermore, Put decreased the trans-membrane proton gradient (ΔpH), which was accompanied by reduced pH-dependent non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and an increased the effective quantum yield of PSII (Y(II)). The ratio of NADP+/NADPH increased significantly with Put in salt-stressed leaves compared with the ratio in leaves treated with NaCl, indicating that Put relieved over-reduction pressure at the PSI acceptor side caused by salt stress. Collectively, our results suggest that exogenous Put creates an excellent condition for CEF promotion: a large amount of pmf is predominantly stored as Δψ, resulting in moderate lumen pH and low NPQ, while maintaining high rates of ATP synthesis (high pmf).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Nanjing Agricultural University (Suqian) Academy of Protected Horticulture, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruonan Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Nanjing Agricultural University (Suqian) Academy of Protected Horticulture, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Bueno M, Cordovilla MP. Polyamines in Halophytes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:439. [PMID: 31024603 PMCID: PMC6465561 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are related to many aspects of the plant's life cycle, including responses to biotic and abiotic stress. On the other hand, halophytic plants are useful models for studying salt tolerance mechanisms related to the adaptive strategies that these plants present in adverse environments. Furthermore, some halophytes have high economic value, being recommended instead of glycophytes as alternative agricultural crops in salt-affected coastal zones or saline farmlands. In recent years, the understanding of the role of PAs in salt-tolerant plants has greatly advanced. This mini review reports on the advances in the knowledge of PAs and their participation in achieving better salt tolerance in 10 halophytes. PAs are associated with responses to heavy metals in phytoremediation processes using certain salt-tolerant species (Atriplex atacamensis, A. halimus, Inula chrithmoides, and Kosteletzkya pentacarpos). In crops with exceptional nutritional properties such as Chenopodium quinoa, PAs may be useful markers of salt-tolerant genotypes. The signaling and protection mechanisms of PAs have been investigated in depth in the extreme halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum and Thellungiella spp., enabling genetic manipulation of PA biosynthesis. In Prosopis strombulifera, different biochemical and physiological responses have been reported, depending on the type of salt (NaCl, Na2SO4). Increases in spermidine and spermine have been positively associated with stress tolerance as these compounds provide protection in Cymodocea nodosa, and Solanum chilense, respectively. In addition, abscisic acid and salicylic acid can improve the beneficial effect of PAs in these plants. Therefore, these results indicate the great potential of PAs and their contribution to stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Bueno
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Zhong M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Shu S, Sun J, Guo S. Overexpression of Transglutaminase from Cucumber in Tobacco Increases Salt Tolerance through Regulation of Photosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E894. [PMID: 30791389 PMCID: PMC6413182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase (TGase) is a regulator of posttranslational modification of protein that provides physiological protection against diverse environmental stresses in plants. Nonetheless, the mechanisms of TGase-mediated salt tolerance remain largely unknown. Here, we found that the transcription of cucumber TGase (CsTGase) was induced in response to light and during leaf development, and the CsTGase protein was expressed in the chloroplast and the cell wall. The overexpression of the CsTGase gene effectively ameliorated salt-induced photoinhibition in tobacco plants, increased the levels of chloroplast polyamines (PAs) and enhanced the abundance of D1 and D2 proteins. TGase also induced the expression of photosynthesis related genes and remodeling of thylakoids under normal conditions. However, salt stress treatment reduced the photosynthesis rate, PSII and PSI related genes expression, D1 and D2 proteins in wild-type (WT) plants, while these effects were alleviated in CsTGase overexpression plants. Taken together, our results indicate that TGase-dependent PA signaling protects the proteins of thylakoids, which plays a critical role in plant response to salt stress. Thus, overexpression of TGase may be an effective strategy for enhancing resistance to salt stress of salt-sensitive crops in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China.
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China.
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Zhong M, Wang Y, Hou K, Shu S, Sun J, Guo S. TGase positively regulates photosynthesis via activation of Calvin cycle enzymes in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:92. [PMID: 31645950 PMCID: PMC6804539 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGases), which are widespread cross-linking enzymes in plants, play key roles in photosynthesis and abiotic/biotic stress responses; however, evidence concerning the genetics underlying how TGase improves the capability of photosynthesis and the mechanism of TGase-mediated photosynthesis are not clear in this crop species. In this study, we clarified the function of TGase in the regulation of photosynthesis in tomato by comparing wild-type (WT) plants, tgase mutants generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system and TGase-overexpressing (TGaseOE) plants. Our results showed that increasing the transcript level of TGase resulted in an enhanced net photosynthetic rate (Pn), whereas the tgase mutants presented significantly inhibited Pns and CO2 assimilation compared with the WT. Although the total RuBisCO activity was not affected by TGase, the initial and activation status of RuBisCO and the activity of RuBisCO activase (RCA) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) in TGaseOE plants were significantly higher than that in WT plants. Except for RuBisCO small subunit (RbcS), the transcription levels of Benson-Calvin cycle-related genes were positively related to the endogenous TGase activity. Furthermore, TGaseOE plants had higher protein levels of RuBisCO large subunit (RbcL) and RCA than did WT plants and showed a reduced redox status by enhancing the activity of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR), which was compromised in TGase-deficient plants. Overall, TGase positively regulated photosynthesis by maintaining the activation states of the Benson-Calvin cycle and inducing changes in cellular redox homeostasis in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 223800 Suqian, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 223800 Suqian, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 223800 Suqian, China
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Response of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to UV radiations by alteration of polyamines associated with thylakoid membrane proteins. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 35:8. [PMID: 30569232 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The responses of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 exposed to UVA, UVB and UVC for at least 3 h were investigated with the emphasis on the changes of polyamines (PAs) levels in whole cells, thylakoid membrane fraction, and thylakoid membrane-associated proteins fraction. All UV radiations caused a slight decrease on cell growth but a drastic reduction of photosynthetic efficiency of Synechocystis cells. UV radiations, especially UVB and UVC, severely decreased the levels of PAs associated with thylakoid membrane proteins. The decreased PAs levels as affected by UV radiation correlated well with the decrease of photosynthetic efficiency, suggesting the role of PAs for the maintenance of photosynthetic activity of Synechocystis. PAs, especially spermidine (Spd) and putrescine (Put), were found abundantly in the thylakoid membrane fraction, and these PAs were associated mainly with the PSI trimer complex. Importantly, the exposure of Synechocystis cells to all UV radiations for 3 h resulted in the increase of Spd associated with the PSII monomer and dimer complex, suggesting its protective role against UV radiations despite the overall decrease of PAs.
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15
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Li L, Gu W, Li J, Li C, Xie T, Qu D, Meng Y, Li C, Wei S. Exogenously applied spermidine alleviates photosynthetic inhibition under drought stress in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings associated with changes in endogenous polyamines and phytohormones. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:35-55. [PMID: 29793181 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. It has been established that exogenous spermidine (Spd) stimulates plant tolerance to DS. The effects of exogenous Spd on plant growth, photosynthetic performance, and chloroplast ultrastructure as well as changes in endogenous polyamines (PAs) and phytohormones were investigate in DS-resistant (Xianyu 335) and DS-sensitive (Fenghe 1) maize seedlings under well-watered and DS treatments. Exogenous Spd alleviated the stress-induced reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthesis rate (Pn) and photochemical quenching (qP) parameters, including the maximum photochemistry efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), PSII operating efficiency (ФPSII), and qP coefficient. Exogenous Spd further enhanced stress-induced elevation in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle (DEPS). Microscopic analysis revealed that seedlings displayed a more ordered arrangement of chloroplast ultrastructure upon Spd application during DS. Exogenous Spd increased the endogenous PA concentrations in the stressed plants. Additionally, exogenous Spd increased indoleacetic acid (IAA), zeatin riboside (ZR) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) and decreased salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonate (JA) concentrations under DS. These results indicate that exogenous Spd can alleviate the growth inhibition and damage to the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus caused by DS and that this alleviation may be associated with changes in endogenous PAs and phytohormones. This study contributes to advances in the knowledge of Spd-induced drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wanrong Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Congfeng Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Tenglong Xie
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Danyang Qu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, 150038, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Caifeng Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shi Wei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Peng D, Peng Y, Zhang X, Ma X, Huang L, Yan Y. The inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis weakens the drought tolerance in white clover (Trifolium repens) associated with the alteration of extensive proteins. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:803-817. [PMID: 29181726 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes of endogenous polyamine (PA) levels could be a key adaptive response to drought in plants. White clover pretreated with or without dicyclohexylamine (DCHA), an inhibitor of PA biosynthesis, was subjected to drought stress induced by 18% polyethylene glycol 6000 for 8 days in controlled growth chambers. Results showed that drought stress significantly increased endogenous PA content, whereas DCHA significantly decreased PA accumulation under drought stress. The attenuate PA biosynthesis was unfavorable for plant growth and drought tolerance, as reflected by significantly lower relative water content, relative growth rate, instantaneous water use efficiency, and cell membrane stability in leaves in response to drought. On the basis of proteomic analysis, the inhibition of PA synthesis decreased the accumulation of many key differentially expressed proteins including (1) ribosomal structure and biogenesis: elongation factor, ribosomal protein S10E, and 30S ribosomal protein; (2) amino acid transport and metabolism: cysteine synthase, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, and glutamate decarboxylase; (3) carbohydrate metabolism and energy production: photosystem apoprotein, sucrose-phosphate synthase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, sucrose-phosphatase, NADH oxidoreductase, and ATP synthase; (4) antioxidant metabolism: catalase, peroxidase I, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase; and (5) other biological processes: heat shock protein 70, heat shock protein 90, and calcium-dependent protein kinase associated with the decreased drought tolerance in white clover. These findings indicate that PAs play a critical role in the regulation of growth, ribosome, amino acid and energy metabolism, and antioxidant reactions in white clover under drought stress. Drought-induced increases in endogenous PAs could be one of key adaptive responses against drought stress in white clover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dandan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Gomes MADC, Hauser-Davis RA, Suzuki MS, Vitória AP. Plant chromium uptake and transport, physiological effects and recent advances in molecular investigations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 140:55-64. [PMID: 28231506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly, anthropogenic perturbations of the biosphere manifest in a broad array of global phenomena, causing widespread contamination of most ecosystems, with high dispersion rates of many contaminants throughout different environmental compartments, including metals. Chromium (Cr) contamination in particular, is, increasingly, posing a serious threat to the environment, emerging as a major health hazard to the biota. However, although the molecular and physiological mechanisms of plant responses to many heavy metals, especially lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), have been focused upon in recent years, chromium has attracted significantly less attention. In this context, this review discusses aspects of Cr uptake and transport, some physiological and biochemical effects of Cr exposure in plants, and molecular defense mechanisms against this metal. Recent advances in determining these responses, in fields of knowledge such as genomics, proteomics and metallomics, are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angélica da Conceição Gomes
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais (LCA), Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense ''Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, CEP:28013-602 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana (CESTEH), ENSP, FIOCRUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marina Satika Suzuki
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais (LCA), Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense ''Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, CEP:28013-602 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Angela Pierre Vitória
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais (LCA), Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense ''Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, CEP:28013-602 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Ma Y, Shukla V, Merewitz EB. Transcriptome analysis of creeping bentgrass exposed to drought stress and polyamine treatment. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175848. [PMID: 28445484 PMCID: PMC5406032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Creeping bentgrass is an important cool-season turfgrass species sensitive to drought. Treatment with polyamines (PAs) has been shown to improve drought tolerance; however, the mechanism is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate transcriptome changes of creeping bentgrass in response to drought and exogenous spermidine (Spd) application using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The high-quality sequences were assembled and 18,682 out of 49,190 (38%) were detected as coding sequences. A total of 22% and 19% of genes were found to be either up- or down-regulated due to drought while 20% and 34% genes were either up- or down- regulated in response to Spd application under drought conditions, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and enrichment analysis were used to interpret the biological processes of transcripts and relative transcript abundance. Enriched or differentially expressed transcripts due to drought stress and/or Spd application were primarily associated with energy metabolism, transport, antioxidants, photosynthesis, signaling, stress defense, and cellular response to water deprivation. This research is the first to provide transcriptome data for creeping bentgrass under an abiotic stress using RNA-Seq analysis. Differentially expressed transcripts identified here could be further investigated for use as molecular markers or for functional analysis in responses to drought and Spd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Ma
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Vijaya Shukla
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Emily B. Merewitz
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
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20
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Gupta K, Sengupta A, Chakraborty M, Gupta B. Hydrogen Peroxide and Polyamines Act as Double Edged Swords in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1343. [PMID: 27672389 PMCID: PMC5018498 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The specific genetic changes through which plants adapt to the multitude of environmental stresses are possible because of the molecular regulations in the system. These intricate regulatory mechanisms once unveiled will surely raise interesting questions. Polyamines and hydrogen peroxide have been suggested to be important signaling molecules during biotic and abiotic stresses. Hydrogen peroxide plays a versatile role from orchestrating physiological processes to stress response. It helps to achieve acclimatization and tolerance to stress by coordinating intra-cellular and systemic signaling systems. Polyamines, on the other hand, are low molecular weight polycationic aliphatic amines, which have been implicated in various stress responses. It is quite interesting to note that both hydrogen peroxide and polyamines have a fine line of inter-relation between them since the catabolic pathways of the latter releases hydrogen peroxide. In this review we have tried to illustrate the roles and their multifaceted functions of these two important signaling molecules based on current literature. This review also highlights the fact that over accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and polyamines can be detrimental for plant cells leading to toxicity and pre-mature cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamala Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency UniversityKolkata, India
- Department of Botany, Government General Degree College, Affiliated to University of BurdwanSingur, India
| | - Atreyee Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency UniversityKolkata, India
| | | | - Bhaskar Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Presidency UniversityKolkata, India
- Department of Zoology, Government General Degree College, Affiliated to University of BurdwanSingur, India
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Ioannidis NE, Malliarakis D, Torné JM, Santos M, Kotzabasis K. The Over-expression of the Plastidial Transglutaminase from Maize in Arabidopsis Increases the Activation Threshold of Photoprotection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:635. [PMID: 27242838 PMCID: PMC4861818 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plastidial transglutaminase is one of the most promising enzymes in chloroplast bioenergetics due to its link with polyamine pathways and the cross talk with signals such as Ca(2+) and GTP. Here, we show the effect of the increase of transglutaminase activity in Arabidopsis by using genetic transformation techniques. These lines fulfill their biological cycle normally (normal growth in soil, production of viable seeds) and show a relatively mild increase in transglutaminase activity (127%). These overexpressors of transglutaminase (OE TGase) have an extended stroma thylakoid network (71% higher number of PSIIβ centers), similar chlorophyll content (-4%), higher linear electron flow (+13%), and higher threshold of photoprotection activation (∼100%). On the other hand OE TGase showed a reduced maximum photochemistry of PSII (-6.5%), a smaller antenna per photosystem II (-25%), a lower photoprotective "energization" quenching or qE (-77% at 490 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1)) due to a higher threshold of qE activation and slightly lower light induced proton motive force (-17%). The role of the polyamines and of the transglutaminase in the regulation of chemiosmosis and photoprotection in chloroplasts is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Josep M. Torné
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural GenomicsBarcelona, Spain
| | - Mireya Santos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural GenomicsBarcelona, Spain
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Zhang X, Peng Y, Ma X, Huang L, Yan Y. Physiological and iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analyses Reveal the Function of Spermidine on Improving Drought Tolerance in White Clover. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1563-79. [PMID: 27030016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous spermidine interacting with phytohormones may be involved in the regulation of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with drought tolerance in white clover. Plants treated with or without spermidine (50 μM) were subjected to 20% PEG 6000 nutrient solution to induce drought stress (50% leaf-relative water content). The results showed that increased endogenous spermidine induced by exogenous spermidine altered endogenous phytohormones in association with improved drought tolerance, as demonstrated by the delay in water-deficit development, improved photosynthesis and water use efficiency, and lower oxidative damage. As compared to untreated plants, Spd-treated plants maintained a higher abundance of DEPs under drought stress involved in (1) protein biosynthesis (ribosomal and chaperone proteins); (2) amino acids synthesis; (3) the carbon and energy metabolism; (4) antioxidant and stress defense (ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and dehydrins); and (5) GA and ABA signaling pathways (gibberellin receptor GID1, ABA-responsive protein 17, and ABA stress ripening protein). Thus, the findings of proteome could explain the Spd-induced physiological effects associated with drought tolerance. The analysis of functional protein-protein networks further proved that the alteration of endogenous spermidine and phytohormones induced the interaction among ribosome, photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. These differences could contribute to improved drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University , 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
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Shu S, Yuan Y, Chen J, Sun J, Zhang W, Tang Y, Zhong M, Guo S. The role of putrescine in the regulation of proteins and fatty acids of thylakoid membranes under salt stress. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14390. [PMID: 26435404 PMCID: PMC4593046 DOI: 10.1038/srep14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines can alleviate the inhibitory effects of salinity on plant growth by regulating photosynthetic efficiency. However, little information is available to explain the specific mechanisms underlying the contribution of polyamines to salt tolerance of the photosynthetic apparatus. Here, we investigated the role of putrescine (Put) on the photosynthetic apparatus of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. We found that NaCl stress resulted in severe ion toxicity and oxidative stress in cucumber chloroplasts. In addition, salinity caused a significant increase in the saturated fatty acid contents of thylakoid membranes. Put altered unsaturated fatty acid content, thereby alleviating the disintegration of thylakoid grana lamellae and reducing the number of plastoglobuli in thylakoid membranes. BN-PAGE revealed Put up-regulated the expression of ATP synthase, CP47, D1, Qb, and psbA proteins and down-regulated CP24, D2, and LHCII type III in NaCl-stressed thylakoid membranes. qRT-PCR analysis of gene expression was used to compare transcript and protein accumulation among 10 candidate proteins. For five of these proteins, induced transcript accumulation was consistent with the pattern of induced protein accumulation. Our results suggest that Put regulates protein expression at transcriptional and translational levels by increasing endogenous polyamines levels in thylakoid membranes, which may stabilise photosynthetic apparatus under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
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Pál M, Szalai G, Janda T. Speculation: Polyamines are important in abiotic stress signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 237:16-23. [PMID: 26089148 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The main role of polyamines was originally assumed to be as direct protective compounds important under stress conditions. Although in some cases a correlation was found between the endogenous polyamine content and stress tolerance, this relationship cannot be generalized. Polyamines should no longer be considered simply as protective molecules, but rather as compounds that are involved in a complex signaling system and have a key role in the regulation of stress tolerance. The major links in polyamine signaling may be H2O2 and NO, which are not only produced in the course of the polyamine metabolism, but also transmit signals that influence gene expression via an increase in the cytoplasmic Ca(2+) level. Polyamines can also influence Ca(2+) influx independently of the H2O2- and/or NO-mediated pathways. Furthermore, these pathways may converge. In addition, several protein kinases have been shown to be influenced at the transcriptional or post-translational level by polyamines. Individual polyamines can be converted into each other in the polyamine cycle. In addition, their metabolism is linked with other hormones or signaling molecules. However, as individual polyamines trigger different transcriptional responses, other mechanisms and the existence of polyamine-responsive elements and the corresponding transacting protein factors are also involved in polyamine-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szalai
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
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Yin L, Vener AV, Spetea C. The membrane proteome of stroma thylakoids from Arabidopsis thaliana studied by successive in-solution and in-gel digestion. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2015; 154:433-446. [PMID: 25402197 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
From individual localization and large-scale proteomic studies, we know that stroma-exposed thylakoid membranes harbor part of the machinery performing the light-dependent photosynthetic reactions. The minor components of the stroma thylakoid proteome, regulating and maintaining the photosynthetic machinery, are in the process of being unraveled. In this study, we developed in-solution and in-gel proteolytic digestion methods, and used them to identify minor membrane proteins, e.g. transporters, in stroma thylakoids prepared from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia-0 leaves. In-solution digestion with chymotrypsin yielded the largest number of peptides, but in combination with methanol extraction resulted in identification of the largest number of membrane proteins. Although less efficient in extracting peptides, in-gel digestion with trypsin and chymotrypsin led to identification of additional proteins. We identified a total of 58 proteins including 44 membrane proteins. Almost half are known thylakoid proteins with roles in photosynthetic light reactions, proteolysis and import. The other half, including many transporters, are not known as chloroplast proteins, because they have been either curated (manually assigned) to other cellular compartments or not curated at all at the plastid protein databases. Transporters include ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins, transporters for K(+) and other cations. Other proteins either have a role in processes probably linked to photosynthesis, namely translation, metabolism, stress and signaling or are contaminants. Our results indicate that all these proteins are present in stroma thylakoids; however, individual studies are required to validate their location and putative roles. This study also provides strategies complementary to traditional methods for identification of membrane proteins from other cellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yin
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden
| | - Alexander V Vener
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, 581 85, Sweden
| | - Cornelia Spetea
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden
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Yaakoubi H, Hamdani S, Bekalé L, Carpentier R. Protective action of spermine and spermidine against photoinhibition of photosystem I in isolated thylakoid membranes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112893. [PMID: 25420109 PMCID: PMC4242612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The photo-stability of photosystem I (PSI) is of high importance for the photosynthetic processes. For this reason, we studied the protective action of two biogenic polyamines (PAs) spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd) on PSI activity in isolated thylakoid membranes subjected to photoinhibition. Our results show that pre-loading thylakoid membranes with Spm and Spd reduced considerably the inhibition of O2 uptake rates, P700 photooxidation and the accumulation of superoxide anions (O2(-)) induced by light stress. Spm seems to be more effective than Spd in preserving PSI photo-stability. The correlation of the extent of PSI protection, photosystem II (PSII) inhibition and O2(-) generation with increasing Spm doses revealed that PSI photo-protection is assumed by two mechanisms depending on the PAs concentration. Given their antioxidant character, PAs scavenge directly the O2(-) generated in thylakoid membranes at physiological concentration (1 mM). However, for non-physiological concentration, the ability of PAs to protect PSI is due to their inhibitory effect on PSII electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hnia Yaakoubi
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie-Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Saber Hamdani
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie-Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bekalé
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie-Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Carpentier
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie-Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Hu L, Xiang L, Zhang L, Zhou X, Zou Z, Hu X. The photoprotective role of spermidine in tomato seedlings under salinity-alkalinity stress. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110855. [PMID: 25340351 PMCID: PMC4207769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are small, ubiquitous, nitrogenous compounds that scavenge reactive oxygen species and stabilize the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus in response to abiotic stresses. Molecular details underlying polyamine-mediated photoprotective mechanisms are not completely resolved. This study investigated the role of spermidine (Spd) in the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus. Tomato seedlings were subjected to salinity-alkalinity stress with and without foliar application of Spd, and photosynthetic and morphological parameters were analyzed. Leaf dry weight and net photosynthetic rate were reduced by salinity-alkalinity stress. Salinity-alkalinity stress reduced photochemical quenching parameters, including maximum photochemistry efficiency of photosystem II, quantum yield of linear electron flux, and coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP). Salinity-alkalinity stress elevated nonphotochemical quenching parameters, including the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Microscopic analysis revealed that salinity-alkalinity stress disrupted the internal lamellar system of granal and stromal thylakoids. Exogenous Spd alleviated the stress-induced reduction of leaf dry weight, net photosynthetic rate, and qP parameters. The NPQ parameters increased by salinity-alkalinity stress were also alleviated by Spd. Seedlings treated with exogenous Spd had higher zeaxanthin (Z) contents than those without Spd under salinity-alkalinity stress. The chloroplast ultrastructure had a more ordered arrangement in seedlings treated with exogenous Spd than in those without Spd under salinity-alkalinity stress. These results indicate that exogenous Spd can alleviate the growth inhibition and thylakoid membrane photodamage caused by salinity-alkalinity stress. The Spd-induced accumulation of Z also may have an important role in stabilizing the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipan Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi Yangling, China
| | - Lixia Xiang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi Yangling, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi Yangling, China
| | - Zhirong Zou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi Yangling, China
- * E-mail: zouzhirong2005@ hotmail.com (ZZ); (X-HH)
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi Yangling, China
- * E-mail: zouzhirong2005@ hotmail.com (ZZ); (X-HH)
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Gong B, Li X, VandenLangenberg KM, Wen D, Sun S, Wei M, Li Y, Yang F, Shi Q, Wang X. Overexpression of S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase increased tomato tolerance to alkali stress through polyamine metabolism. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:694-708. [PMID: 24605920 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) synthetase is the key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of SAM, which serves as a common precursor for polyamines (PAs) and ethylene. A SAM synthetase cDNA (SlSAMS1) was introduced into the tomato genome using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation method. Transgenic plants overexpressing SlSAMS1 exhibited a significant increase in tolerance to alkali stress and maintained nutrient balance, higher photosynthetic capacity and lower oxidative stress compared with WT lines. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that the function of SlSAMS1 mainly depended on the accumulation of Spd and Spm in the transgenic lines. A grafting experiment showed that rootstocks from SlSAMS1-overexpressing plants provided a stronger root system, increased PAs accumulation, essential elements absorption, and decreased Na(+) absorption in the scions under alkali stress. As a result, fruit set and yield were significantly enhanced. To our knowledge, this is the first report to provide evidence that SlSAMS1 positively regulates tomato tolerance to alkali stress and plays a major role in modulating polyamine metabolism, resulting in maintainability of nutrient and ROS balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture), College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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29
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Exogenous Spermidine Alleviates UV-Induced Growth Inhibition of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 via Reduction of Hydrogen Peroxide and Malonaldehyde Levels. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 173:1145-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E, Legocka J. Plastid-associated polyamines: their role in differentiation, structure, functioning, stress response and senescence. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2014; 16:297-305. [PMID: 23889994 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines are low-molecular weight biogenic amines. They are a specific group of cell growth and development regulators. In the past decade biochemical, molecular and genetic studies have contributed much to a better understanding of the biological role of polyamines in the plant cell. Substantial evidence has also been added to our understanding of the role of polyamines in plastid development. In developing chloroplasts, polyamines serve as a nitrogen source for protein and chlorophyll synthesis. In chloroplast structure, thylakoid proteins linked to polyamines belong mainly to antenna proteins of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complexes. The fact that LHCII oligomeric forms are much more intensely labelled by polyamines, in comparison to monomeric forms, suggests that polyamines participate in oligomer stabilisation. In plastid metabolism, polyamines modulate effectiveness of photosynthesis. The role of polyamines in mature chloroplasts is also related to the photo-adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to low and high light intensity and its response to environmental stress. The occurrence of polyamines and enzymes participating in their metabolism at every stage of plastid development indicates that polyamines play a role in plastid differentiation, structure, functioning and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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31
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Kotakis C, Theodoropoulou E, Tassis K, Oustamanolakis C, Ioannidis NE, Kotzabasis K. Putrescine, a fast-acting switch for tolerance against osmotic stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:48-51. [PMID: 24331418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade we showed clearly that abiotic stress changes the cellular composition of polyamines, which in turn regulate the photochemical and non-photochemical quenching of the received light energy in the photosynthetic apparatus and that modulate substantially the level of plant tolerance. In the present contribution, we tried to change the bioenergetics of the leaf discs before the exposure to osmotic stress only by exogenously supplied putrescine, in order to enhance quickly the tolerance against the abiotic stress. Tobacco leaf discs treated with polyethylene-glycol reduced their water content about 24% within 1h. This relatively mild osmotic stress increased endogenous putrescine about 83% and decreased maximum photosystem II photochemical efficiency about 14%. In line with this, here we show that treatment with 1mM exogenous putrescine 1h before polyethylene-glycol addition protects the photochemical capacity and inhibits loss of water, confirming the key role of putrescine in the modulation of plant tolerance against osmotic stress. Furthermore, our recent works indicate that putrescine is accumulated in lumen during light reactions and may act as a permeable buffer and an osmolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Kotakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Theodoropoulou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tassis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos E Ioannidis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Kiriakos Kotzabasis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Campos N, Castañón S, Urreta I, Santos M, Torné JM. Rice transglutaminase gene: Identification, protein expression, functionality, light dependence and specific cell location. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 205-206:97-110. [PMID: 23498867 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGases), that catalyze post-translational modification of proteins, are scarcely known in plants. As part of a project to characterize transglutaminase genes in new plant species, the identification and characterization of a TGase in rice is presented. Using differential primers, a cDNA (tgo) of 1767bp from genomic rice DNA amplification was obtained. The primers were designed from the rice DNA sequence relatively homologous to the gene encoding active maize chloroplast TGase. Amino acid sequence of the deduced rice TGase protein (TGO) indicated that it contains the enzyme catalytic triad (Cys-His-Asp), three repeats, myristoylation domains and a leucine zipper motif. The TGO recombinant protein was characterized, showing specific activity regulation, and indicating that tgo encoded for an authentic TGase. Substrate preference and Ca(2+) dependent activity were also detected. In the rice plant TGO protein was immunolocalized in the grana chloroplasts, in protein vesicles near them, and in the bulliform cells. Immunoblot analyses, tgo mRNA expression, and TGase activity indicated that TGO expression in rice was light dependent and regulated by the illumination period. This work increases significantly our plant TGase understanding. Its functional role in rice, which is a good model system for C3 plants, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Campos
- Molecular Genetics Department, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics: CRAG (Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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Shu S, Guo SR, Sun J, Yuan LY. Effects of salt stress on the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus in Cucumis sativus and its protection by exogenous putrescine. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2012; 146:285-96. [PMID: 22452600 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
With the objective to clarify the physiological significance of polyamines (PAs) in the photosynthetic apparatus, the present study investigated the effects of salt stress with and without foliar application of putrescine (Put) on the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus in cucumber. Salt stress at 75 mM NaCl for 7 days resulted in a severe reduction of photosynthesis. The fast chlorophyll afluorescence transient analysis showed that salt stress inhibited the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (F(v)/F(m)), mainly due to damage at the receptor side of PSII. In addition, salt stress decreased the density of active reaction centers and the structure performance. The microscopic analysis revealed that salt stress-induced destruction of the chloroplast envelope and increased the number of plastoglobuli along with aberrations in thylakoid membranes. Besides, salt stress caused a decrease in the content of endogenous PAs, conjugated and bound forms of spermidine and spermine in particular, in thylakoid membranes. However, applications of 8 mM Put alleviated the salt stress-mediated decrease in net photosynthetic rates (Pn) and actual efficiency of PSII(Φ(PSII)). Put increased PAs in thylakoid membranes and overcame the damaging effects of salt stress on the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus in salt-stressed plant leaves. Put application to control plants neither increased PAs in thylakoid membranes nor affected photosynthesis. These results indicate that PAs in chloroplasts play crucial roles in protecting the thylakoid membranes against the deleterious influences of salt stress. In addition, the present results point to the probability that the salt-induced dysfunction of photosynthesis is largely attributable to the loss of PAs in the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Ioannidis NE, Lopera O, Santos M, Torné JM, Kotzabasis K. Role of plastid transglutaminase in LHCII polyamination and thylakoid electron and proton flow. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41979. [PMID: 22870182 PMCID: PMC3411467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminases function as biological glues in animal cells, plant cells and microbes. In energy producing organelles such as chloroplasts the presence of transglutaminases was recently confirmed. Furthermore, a plastidial transglutaminase has been cloned from maize and the first plants overexpressing tgz are available (Nicotiana tabacum TGZ OE). Our hypothesis is that the overexpression of plastidal transglutaminase will alter photosynthesis via increased polyamination of the antenna of photosystem II. We have used standard analytical tools to separate the antenna from photosystem II in wild type and modified plants, 6 specific antibodies against LHCbs to confirm their presence and sensitive HPLC method to quantify the polyamination level of these proteins. We report that bound spermidine and spermine were significantly increased (∼80%) in overexpressors. Moreover, we used recent advances in in vivo probing to study simultaneously the proton and electron circuit of thylakoids. Under physiological conditions overexpressors show a 3-fold higher sensitivity of the antenna down regulation loop (qE) to the elicitor (luminal protons) which is estimated as the ΔpH component of thylakoidal proton motive force. In addition, photosystem (hyper-PSIIα) with an exceptionally high antenna (large absorption cross section), accumulate in transglutaminase over expressers doubling the rate constant of light energy utilization (Kα) and promoting thylakoid membrane stacking. Polyamination of antenna proteins is a previously unrecognized mechanism for the modulation of the size (antenna absorption cross section) and sensitivity of photosystem II to down regulation. Future research will reveal which peptides and which residues of the antenna are responsible for such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos E. Ioannidis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Departament de Genètica Molecular, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CRAG (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Lopera
- Departament de Genètica Molecular, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CRAG (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireya Santos
- Departament de Genètica Molecular, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CRAG (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M. Torné
- Departament de Genètica Molecular, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CRAG (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kiriakos Kotzabasis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Tsiavos T, Ioannidis NE, Kotzabasis K. Polyamines induce aggregation of LHC II and quenching of fluorescence in vitro. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2012; 1817:735-43. [PMID: 22285699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 12/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Dissipation of excess excitation energy within the light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II (LHC II) is a main process in plants, which is measured as the non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence or qE. We showed in previous works that polyamines stimulate qE in higher plants in vivo and in eukaryotic algae in vitro. In the present contribution we have tested whether polyamines can stimulate quenching in trimeric LHC II and monomeric light-harvesting complex b proteins from higher plants. The tetramine spermine was the most potent quencher and induced aggregation of LHC II trimers, due to its highly cationic character. Two transients are evident at 100 μM and 350 μM for the fluorescence and absorbance signals of LHC II respectively. On the basis of observations within this work, some links between polyamines and the activation of qE in vivo is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Tsiavos
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, GR-71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Ioannidis NE, Tsiavos T, Kotzabasis K. Chemical Bonding of Chlorophylls and Plant Aminic Axial Ligands Impact Harvesting of Visible Light and Quenching of Fluorescence. Photochem Photobiol 2011; 88:98-106. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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