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Liu YL, Xu S, Xu X, Tang Y, Shao J, Chen J, Li YG. Integrating network pharmacology and multi-omics to explore the mechanism of Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun in ameliorating Alzheimer's disease pathology in APP/PS1 mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 339:119148. [PMID: 39586557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.119148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun (CK) is a traditional herb for the treatment of blood stasis, hemostasis, anti-inflammation, and antidepressant. Previous studies have showen that CK extract has significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity. However, the mechanism by which it treats AD is still unclear. AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of CK in ameliorating AD pathology using in vivo and in vitro models, supported by a multi-omics analysis approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of CK was characterized using UPLC-QE Plus-MS/MS. The effects and mechanisms of CK on AD pathology were then investigated using APP/PS1 mice and BV2 and HT22 cell models, with comprehensive insights provided by network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and metabolomics analyses. RESULTS This study is the first to report the identification of 146 compounds from CK. CK administration led to significant improvements in cognitive function, reduced amyloid-beta and neurofibrillary tangle formation, and inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes in APP/PS1 mice. Comprehensive analyses suggest that CK may modulate the TCA cycle through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathways and inflammation-related MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. In vitro studies revealed that CK significantly inhibited LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 cells, as well as reduced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in HT22 cells. CONCLUSION These findings underscore the potential of CK as a therapeutic agent in alleviating AD pathology. This study offers new insights into CK's mechanisms, suggesting that its therapeutic effects may be achieved through the coordinated reduction of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis across multiple pathways, collectively working to counteract AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lin Liu
- National Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330096, PR China; Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330103, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Sha Xu
- National Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330096, PR China; Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330103, PR China.
| | - Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Yuan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Jian Shao
- National Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330096, PR China; Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330103, PR China.
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Yi-Guang Li
- National Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330096, PR China; Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330103, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
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Ramos AC, Ramos CC, Antunes F, Oliveira RRD. In vivo hypotensive effect of a chemically characterised extract from the leaves of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39381914 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2406990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Lippia alba (erva-cidreira) is often mentioned in Brazilian ethnopharmacological studies. Although its leaves have been used to treat hypertension, few studies have evaluated its hypotensive effects. This work aimed to evaluate the haemodynamic effects of Lippia alba methanolic extract and to characterise its chemical composition. Normotensive rats received an intravenous injection of L. alba extract. Systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressures, and electrocardiographic data were analysed.1H-qNMR and LC-MS were used to assess the chemical composition. L. alba extract had significant hypotensive effects on systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure. Acteoside was identified as major compound (292.6 ± 2.7 mg/g). Sixty-one other compounds were tentatively identified, mainly phenylethanoids, flavonoids, and iridoids. L. alba extract reduces systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure, and appears to be associated with a reduction in heart rate. Acteoside, a known hypotensive compound, may be responsible for these effects, but other structurally similar minority compounds may also contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Chaves Ramos
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Carolina Chaves Ramos
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Antunes
- Laboratório de Clínica e Cirurgia Animal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Lopes AR, Costa Silva DG, Rodrigues NR, Kemmerich Martins I, Paganotto Leandro L, Nunes MEM, Posser T, Franco J. Investigating the impact of Psidium guajava leaf hydroalcoholic extract in improving glutamatergic toxicity-induced oxidative stress in Danio rerio larvae. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:457-470. [PMID: 38576186 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2337366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Glutamate is one of the predominant excitatory neurotransmitters released from the central nervous system; however, at high concentrations, this substance may induce excitotoxicity. This phenomenon is involved in numerous neuropathologies. At present, clinically available pharmacotherapeutic agents to counteract glutamatergic excitotoxicity are not completely effective; therefore, research to develop novel compounds is necessary. In this study, the main objective was to determine the pharmacotherapeutic potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava (PG) in a model of oxidative stress-induced by exposure to glutamate utilizing Danio rerio larvae (zebrafish) as a model. Data showed that treatment with glutamate produced a significant increase in oxidative stress, chromatin damage, apoptosis, and locomotor dysfunction. All these effects were attenuated by pre-treatment with the classical antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Treatment with PG inhibited oxidative stress responsible for cellular damage induced by glutamate. However, exposure to PG failed to prevent glutamate-initiated locomotor damage. Our findings suggest that under conditions of oxidative stress, PG can be considered as a promising candidate for treatment of glutamatergic excitotoxicity and consequent neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Rubim Lopes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dennis Guilherme Costa Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathane Rosa Rodrigues
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Toxicologia Compostos Bioativos - GBToxBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Illana Kemmerich Martins
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luana Paganotto Leandro
- Departamento de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica - PPGBTox, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauro Eugênio Medina Nunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thais Posser
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Franco
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Wang S, Pan J, Ma K. Verbascoside: A neuroprotective phenylethanoid glycosides with anti-depressive properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155027. [PMID: 37657207 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verbascoside is a natural and water-soluble phenylethanoid glycoside found in several medicinal plants. It has extensive pharmacological effects, including antioxidative and antineoplastic actions, and a wide range of therapeutic effects against depression. PURPOSE In this review, we appraised preclinical and limited clinical evidence to fully discuss the anti-depression capacity of verbascoside and its holistic characteristics that can contribute to better management of depression in vivo and in vitro models, as well as, its toxicities and medicinal value. METHODS This review was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A systematic review of 32 preclinical trials published up to April 2023, combined with a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of network pharmacology and molecular docking, was conducted to elucidate the antidepressant mechanism of action of verbascoside. Studies included in the systematic review were obtained from 7 electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. RESULTS Studies on the antidepressant effects of verbascoside showed that various pharmacological mechanisms and pathways, such as modulating the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, inhibiting hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperfunction and promoting neuroprotection may be involved in the process of its action against depression. Verbascoside promotes dopamine (DA) biosynthesis by promoting the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and protein, upregulates the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT1B), prominence protein, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), SQSTM1, Recombinant Autophagy Related Protein 5 (ATG5) and Beclin-1, and decreases the expression of caspase-3 and a-synuclein, thus exerting antidepressant effects. We identified seven targets (CCL2, FOS, GABARAPL1, CA9, TYR, CA12, and SQSTM1) and three signaling pathways (glutathione metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis) as potential molecular biological sites for verbascoside. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide strong evidence that verbascoside exerts its antidepressant effects through various pharmacological mechanisms. However, further multicentre clinical case-control and molecularly targeted fishing studies are required to confirm the clinical efficacy of verbascoside and its underlying direct targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jin Pan
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic TCM Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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Sciandra F, Bottoni P, De Leo M, Braca A, Brancaccio A, Bozzi M. Verbascoside Elicits Its Beneficial Effects by Enhancing Mitochondrial Spare Respiratory Capacity and the Nrf2/HO-1 Mediated Antioxidant System in a Murine Skeletal Muscle Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15276. [PMID: 37894956 PMCID: PMC10607197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness and muscle loss characterize many physio-pathological conditions, including sarcopenia and many forms of muscular dystrophy, which are often also associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Verbascoside, a phenylethanoid glycoside of plant origin, also named acteoside, has shown strong antioxidant and anti-fatigue activity in different animal models, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of verbascoside on mitochondrial function and its protective role against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in murine C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes pre-treated with verbascoside for 24 h and exposed to H2O2. We examined the effects of verbascoside on cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial function through high-resolution respirometry. Moreover, we verified whether verbascoside was able to stimulate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) activity through Western blotting and confocal fluorescence microscopy, and to modulate the transcription of its target genes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), by Real Time PCR. We found that verbascoside (1) improved mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity; (2) mitigated the decrease in cell viability induced by H2O2 and reduced ROS levels; (3) promoted the phosphorylation of Nrf2 and its nuclear translocation; (4) increased the transcription levels of HO-1 and, in myoblasts but not in myotubes, those of PGC-1α. These findings contribute to explaining verbascoside's ability to relieve muscular fatigue and could have positive repercussions for the development of therapies aimed at counteracting muscle weakness and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sciandra
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—SCITEC Sede di Roma, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Sezione di Biochimica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Brancaccio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—SCITEC Sede di Roma, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Roma, Italy
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Manuela Bozzi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—SCITEC Sede di Roma, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Sezione di Biochimica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Li M, Zhu M, Quan W, Huang W, Liu X, Zhang C, Lu B, Xiao X, Liu Z. Acteoside palliates d-galactose induced cognitive impairment by regulating intestinal homeostasis. Food Chem 2023; 421:135978. [PMID: 37094395 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Acteoside, an important phenylethanol glycoside, is the main active component in Osmanthus fragrans flower. Our previous study found that acteoside showed high antiaging effect but its absorption rate was low. We speculated acteoside palliated aging-related cognitive impairment before being absorbed, that was intestinal homeostasis underlie the antiaging effect of acteoside. In this study, acteoside was confirmed to palliate cognitive impairment in d-galactose induced aging mice. Acteoside treatment dramatically reduced oxidative stress, alleviated intestinal inflammation, restored intestinal mucosal barrier, rebuilt gut microbiome structure and upregulated gut microbiome metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and amino acids (AAs). Furthermore, antibiotic treatment revealed that the antiaging ability of acteoside was abolished in microbiota depleted mice, which offered direct evidence for the essential role of gut microbiota in the attenuation of cognitive impairment of acteoside. Together, our study indicated that acteoside palliated cognitive impairment by regulating intestinal homeostasisand acteoside intake might be a promising nutritional intervention in prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiquan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wei Quan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Weisu Huang
- Department of Applied Technology, Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Can Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xing Xiao
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Gao W, Zhou Y, Li C, Liu T, Zhao H, Wang M, Wei X, Wang H, Yang J, Si N, Liang A, Bian B, Sato T. Studies on the metabolism and mechanism of acteoside in treating chronic glomerulonephritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115866. [PMID: 36332760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acteoside (ACT) is the main ingredient derived from the leaves of Rehmannia glutinosa (Dihuangye). Dihuangye has the function of clearing heat, replenishing qi and activating blood, nourishing yin and tonifying kidney in traditional Chinese medicine. Recent studies have demonstrated that Dihuangye can be used to treat nephritis and ACT is a promising antinephritic agent. AIM OF THE STUDY To clarify the metabolites of ACT in biological samples and investigate the renoprotective effect and mechanism of ACT in rats with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the biotransformation of ACT in rat biological samples was clarified by quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The metabolites were validated by urine samples in nephropathy model rats. The effect of ACT and its metabolites was evaluated by glomerular podocyte injury due to high glucose. Based on an analysis of the ingredients in vivo, the potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of CGN were investigated by using network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking. Then, the renoprotective effect and mechanism of ACT were determined in rats in a passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) model. RESULTS A total of 49 metabolites of ACT were detected and identified. Meanwhile, 21 metabolites were detected in nephropathy model rats. ACT was absorbed rapidly and transferred from the kidney, and the metabolites were eliminated via urine. The whole process lasted approximately 8 h. ACT had a significant protective effect on glomerular podocytes damaged by high glucose and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid might be the main metabolite of ACT underlying its functions in vivo. The network pharmacology and molecular docking results showed 84 ACT-CGN targets, among which MAPK1, HRAS, AKT1, EGFR, and others were a highly correlated. In the PHN rat model, ACT significantly reduced the 24-h urine protein and serum creatinine concentrations, suppressed the leukocyte CD18 expression levels, decreased the serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels and tended to reduce serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels. ACT significantly reduced the platelet aggregation rate and inhibited the proliferative activity of splenic lymphocytes in response to the mitogen concanavalin A. Meanwhile, ACT inhibited transforming growth factor-β and fibronectin expression in renal tissues and dose-dependently inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 production in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages at doses ranging from 1.8 to 1330 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS ACT had therapeutic effects on PHN rats, and its mechanism might be related to the inhibition of intercellular or intercellular-matrix adhesion, suppression of inflammatory response, regulation of immune function, improvement of tissue hemodynamics and hemorheology, and relief of fibrotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Aihua Liang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Biochemistry Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang G, Liu Y, Liu Y, Ma Y, Li Y, Chen J. Integrating network pharmacology and an experimental validation strategy elucidates the protective effect and mechanism of callicarpa nudiflora against neuroinflammation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31124-31141. [PMID: 36349022 PMCID: PMC9620778 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05143e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of microglia promotes neuroinflammation (NI) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Callicarpa nudiflora Hook et Arn. (CN) is a traditional Chinese herb with a wide range of clinical applications and definite anti-inflammatory effects. However, the anti-inflammatory action and mechanism of NI are not known. The purpose of this research was to survey whether CN could inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory activation in BV-2 microglia. This study used a network pharmacology and pharmacophore model-based approach to explore the molecular mechanism of CN anti-NI by combining molecular docking and experimental validation. First, we screened the key active components and targets of CN anti-NI by network pharmacology. Then, the common structural features of these functional molecules in the treatment of neuroinflammation were predicted by 3D-QSAR pharmacodynamic modeling. Finally, the molecular mechanism of the active ingredient 5-hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (THF) against neuroinflammation was validated by molecular docking and in vitro experiments. In conclusion, this study established the structure-activity relationships of the active components of CN anti-NI and provided new insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of CN anti-NI at an integrative level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Yufu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Yonglin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Yu Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Yiguang Li
- Scientific Research Center, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Nanchang 330004 China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004 China
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Xiao Y, Ren Q, Wu L. The pharmacokinetic property and pharmacological activity of acteoside: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113296. [PMID: 35724511 PMCID: PMC9212779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acteoside (AC), a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from many dicotyledonous plants, has been demonstrated various pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetes, bone and cartilage protection, hepatoprotection, and anti-microorganism. However, AC has a poor bioavailability, which can be potentially improved by different strategies. The health-promoting characteristics of AC can be attributed to its mediation in many signaling pathways, such as MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, TGFβ/Smad, and AMPK/mTOR. Interestingly, docking simulation study indicates that AC can be an effective candidate to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV2 main protease and protect against COVID-19. Many clinical trials for AC have been investigated, and it shows great potentials in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopaetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qun Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Longhuo Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Xu P, Peng X, Yuan T, Yang J, Li X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Jia X. Effect of vacuum drying on drying kinetics and quality of the aqueous extracts of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. et Arn. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Treml J, Večeřová P, Herczogová P, Šmejkal K. Direct and Indirect Antioxidant Effects of Selected Plant Phenolics in Cell-Based Assays. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092534. [PMID: 33926137 PMCID: PMC8123583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress is a key factor in the pathophysiology of many diseases. This study aimed to verify the antioxidant activity of selected plant phenolics in cell-based assays and determine their direct or indirect effects. Methods: The cellular antioxidant assay (CAA) assay was employed for direct scavenging assays. In the indirect approach, the influence of each test substance on the gene and protein expression and activity of selected antioxidant enzymes was observed. One assay also dealt with activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway. The overall effect of each compound was measured using a glucose oxidative stress protection assay. Results: Among the test compounds, acteoside showed the highest direct scavenging activity and no effect on the expression of antioxidant enzymes. It increased only the activity of catalase. Diplacone was less active in direct antioxidant assays but positively affected enzyme expression and catalase activity. Morusin showed no antioxidant activity in the CAA assay. Similarly, pomiferin had only mild antioxidant activity and proved rather cytotoxic. Conclusions: Of the four selected phenolics, only acteoside and diplacone demonstrated antioxidant effects in cell-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (P.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (K.Š.)
| | - Petra Večeřová
- Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (P.H.)
| | - Petra Herczogová
- Department of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (P.H.)
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (K.Š.)
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Yang Y, Li ZY, Shao JJ, Wang G, Wen R, Tian JZ, Hou L. Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. & Arn.: A comprehensive review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113123. [PMID: 32783986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMALOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. & Arn. is a perennial evergreen shrub or low arbor in the Genus Callicarpa. Its dried aerial parts are used as traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Luo-hua-zi-zhu (Callicarpa nudiflora), which has been widely used in anti-bacteria and anti-ulcer in China (Commission, 2015; Development, 1994; Ming-Sheng, 2008). AIM OF THE STUDY The present paper reviewed findings in phytochemistry and pharmacology of Callicarpa nudiflora. METHODS Chinese and English studies on Callicarpa nudiflora were collected from databases including Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, Elsevier, and CNKI (Chinese), and the phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Callicarpa nudiflora were reviewed. RESULTS A total of 300 small molecules, 173 of which are volatile oils, have been isolated from Callicarpa nudiflora. These small molecules could be divided into seven structural types - phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, triterpenes, diterpenes, iridoid glycosides, volatile oils, and other small molecules. Different types of compounds in Callicarpa nudiflora were summarized as follow: a) diterpenoid compounds can inhibit the generation of nitric oxide (NO) for exerting the function of anti-inflammation; b) triterpene compounds can play a role of anti-thrombus via inhibiting platelet aggregation and oleanane type and arbutane type pentacyclic triterpenes have the hepatoprotective activities; c) iridoid glycosides have cytotoxicity to tumor cells, and phenylpropanoids compounds have an antioxidant effect and could improve the function of memory. Our group further studied the antiviral activities of Callicarpa nudiflora finding that it has significant effects on RSV, EV71, COXB5, and HSV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China.
| | - Zhong-Yuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Jun-Jing Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Gang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Rou Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Jing-Zhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China.
| | - Lin Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Coffee Bioactive Compounds: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010107. [PMID: 33374338 PMCID: PMC7795778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. It is usually identified as a stimulant because of a high content of caffeine. However, caffeine is not the only coffee bioactive component. The coffee beverage is in fact a mixture of a number of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, especially chlorogenic acids (in green beans) and caffeic acid (in roasted coffee beans), alkaloids (caffeine and trigonelline), and the diterpenes (cafestol and kahweol). Extensive research shows that coffee consumption appears to have beneficial effects on human health. Regular coffee intake may protect from many chronic disorders, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and some types of cancer. Importantly, coffee consumption seems to be also correlated with a decreased risk of developing some neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and dementia. Regular coffee intake may also reduce the risk of stroke. The mechanism underlying these effects is, however, still poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the neuroprotective potential of the main bioactive coffee components, i.e., caffeine, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, trigonelline, kahweol, and cafestol. Data from both in vitro and in vivo preclinical experiments, including their potential therapeutic applications, are reviewed and discussed. Epidemiological studies and clinical reports on this matter are also described. Moreover, potential molecular mechanism(s) by which coffee bioactive components may provide neuroprotection are reviewed.
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Prasansuklab A, Brimson JM, Tencomnao T. Potential Thai medicinal plants for neurodegenerative diseases: A review focusing on the anti-glutamate toxicity effect. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:301-308. [PMID: 32670825 PMCID: PMC7340876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are a range of debilitating conditions of the brain involving progressive loss of neurons, many of which are still currently incurable despite enormous efforts on drug discovery and development in the past decade. As NDD is closely linked to old age, the rapid worldwide growth in the aging population contributes to an increasing number of people with one of these incurable diseases and therefore it is considered a significant global health issue. There is an urgent need for novel effective treatments for NDD, and many new research strategies are centered on traditional medicine as an alternative or complementary solution. Several previous findings have suggested that glutamate toxicity drives neurodegeneration in many NDD, and the medicinal plants with anti-glutamate toxicity properties can be potentially used for their treatment. In order to obtain data relating to natural products against glutamate toxicity, six candidate plant species of Thailand were identified. Studies utilizing these herbs were searched for using the herb name (Latin and common names) along with the term "glutamate" in the following databases across all available years: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. This review emphasizes the importance of glutamate toxicity in NDD and summarizes individual plants and their active constituents with the mechanism of action against glutamate toxicity-mediated neuronal cell death that could be a promising resource for future NDD therapy. TAXONOMY CLASSIFICATION BY EVISE Alzheimer's disease, Neurodegenerative diseases, Cell culture, Molecular Biology, Traditional herbal medicine, Oxidative stress, Glutamate neurotransmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchalee Prasansuklab
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - James M. Brimson
- Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Jeon SG, Yoo A, Chun DW, Hong SB, Chung H, Kim JI, Moon M. The Critical Role of Nurr1 as a Mediator and Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer's Disease-related Pathogenesis. Aging Dis 2020; 11:705-724. [PMID: 32489714 PMCID: PMC7220289 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have revealed that the transcription factor nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1) plays several roles not only in the regulation of gene expression related to dopamine synthesis, but also in alternative splicing, and miRNA targeting. Moreover, it regulates cognitive functions and protects against inflammation-induced neuronal death. In particular, the role of Nurr1 in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been well investigated; for example, it has been shown that it restores behavioral and histological impairments in PD models. Although many studies have evaluated the connection between Nurr1 and PD pathogenesis, the role of Nurr1 in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain to be studied. There have been several studies describing Nurr1 protein expression in the AD brain. However, only a few studies have examined the role of Nurr1 in the context of AD. Therefore, in this review, we highlight the overall effects of Nurr1 under the neuropathologic conditions related to AD. Furthermore, we suggest the possibility of using Nurr1 as a therapeutic target for AD or other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Gak Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Anji Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Chun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bum Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Chung
- Department of Core Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-il Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
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Mazumder MK, Borah A, Choudhury S. Inhibitory potential of plant secondary metabolites on anti-Parkinsonian drug targets: Relevance to pathophysiology, and motor and non-motor behavioural abnormalities. Med Hypotheses 2020; 137:109544. [PMID: 31954292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative motor disorder, is caused due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of mid-brain and the resultant depletion of the levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Although the pathophysiology of the disease is least understood, studies in animal models revealed oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation to be the major contributors. Dopamine replenishment therapy by oral administration of L-DOPA, the precursor of dopamine remains to be the therapeutic gold-standard for symptomatic treatment of PD. In addition, use of inhibitors of dopamine metabolizing enzymes (viz. monoamine oxidase-B: MAO-B; and catechol-O-methyltransferase: COMT) are the other strategies for amelioration of the motor abnormalities. Further, PD is associated with non-motor behavioural abnormalities as well, including cognitive impairment and mood disorders, which are caused due to cholinergic neurodegeneration, and thus inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is suggested. However, the currently used drugs against the three crucial enzymes (MAO-B, COMT and AChE) elicit several side effects, and thus the search for novel compounds continues, and plant-based compounds have promising potential in this regard. In the present study, we have used computational modeling to determine the efficiency of 40 plant-based natural products in inhibiting the three anti-Parkinsonian drug targets. Further, statistical analysis was performed to identify the properties of the compounds which are crucial for inhibition of the enzymes. While all the phytochemicals showed potential in inhibiting the enzymes, Rutin, Demethoxycurcumin and Acteoside were found to be most effective inhibitors of MAO-B, COMT and AChE respectively. Since most of the compounds are established anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules, they are surmised to confer neuroprotection in PD, and prevent progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Khairujjaman Mazumder
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India; Department of Zoology, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji 787057, Assam, India.
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Shuvasish Choudhury
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
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18
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Hu Z, Silipo A, Li W, Molinaro A, Yu B. Synthesis of Forsythenethoside A, a Neuroprotective Macrocyclic Phenylethanoid Glycoside, and NMR Analysis of Conformers. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13733-13743. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Huaxia Middle Road, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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19
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Ji SL, Cao KK, Zhao XX, Kang NX, Zhang Y, Xu QM, Yang SL, Liu YL, Wang C. Antioxidant activity of phenylethanoid glycosides on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:2016-2026. [PMID: 31272310 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1637243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of PC12 cells to 10 mM glutamate caused significant viability loss, cell apoptosis, decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) as well as increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). In parallel, glutamate significantly increased the intracellular levels of ROS and intracellular calcium. However, pretreatment of the cells with acteoside and isoacteoside significantly suppressed glutamate-induced cellular events. Moreover, acteoside and isoacteoside reduced the glutamate-induced increase of caspase-3 activity and also ameliorated the glutamate-induced Bcl-2/Bax ratio reduction in PC12 cells. Furthermore, acteoside and isoacteoside significantly inhibited glutamate-induced DNA damage. In the mouse model, acteoside significantly attenuated cognitive deficits in the Y maze test and attenuated neuronal damage of the hippocampal CA1 regions induced by glutamate. These data indicated that acteoside and isoacteoside play neuroprotective effects through anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and maintenance of steady intracellular calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Liang Ji
- Department of pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Suzhou , China
| | - Ke-Ke Cao
- Department of Quality management, Shenzhen Yuanxing gene-tech Co. Ltd , Shenzhen , China
| | - Xing-Xing Zhao
- Department of Neonatology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital , Suzhou , China
| | - Nai-Xin Kang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Suzhou , China
| | - Qiong-Ming Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Shi-Lin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug andEfficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang , China
| | - Yan-Li Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Suzhou , China
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20
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Reid AM, Juvonen R, Huuskonen P, Lehtonen M, Pasanen M, Lall N. In Vitro Human Metabolism and Inhibition Potency of Verbascoside for CYP Enzymes. Molecules 2019; 24:E2191. [PMID: 31212689 PMCID: PMC6600574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Verbascoside is found in many medicinal plant families such as Verbenaceae. Important biological activities have been ascribed to verbascoside. Investigated in this study is the potential of verbascoside as an adjuvant during tuberculosis treatment. The present study reports on the in vitro metabolism in human hepatic microsomes and cytosol incubations as well as the presence and quantity of verbascoside within Lippia scaberrima. Additionally, studied are the inhibitory properties on human hepatic CYP enzymes together with antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. The results yielded no metabolites in the hydrolysis or cytochrome P450 (CYP) oxidation incubations. However, five different methylated conjugates of verbascoside could be found in S-adenosylmethionine incubation, three different sulphate conjugates with 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) incubation with human liver samples, and very low levels of glucuronide metabolites after incubation with recombinant human uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A10. Additionally, verbascoside showed weak inhibitory potency against CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 with IC50 values of 83 µM and 86 µM, respectively. Potent antioxidant and low cytotoxic potential were observed. Based on these data, verbascoside does not possess any clinically relevant CYP-mediated interaction potential, but it has effective biological activity. Therefore, verbascoside could be considered as a lead compound for further drug development and as an adjuvant during tuberculosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Mari Reid
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
| | - Risto Juvonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70210, Finland.
| | - Pasi Huuskonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70210, Finland.
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocentre, Kuopio, Kuopio FI-70210, Finland.
| | - Markku Pasanen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70210, Finland.
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India.
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21
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Matos P, Figueirinha A, Paranhos A, Nunes F, Cruz P, Geraldes CFGC, Cruz MT, Batista MT. Bioactivity of Acanthus mollis - Contribution of benzoxazinoids and phenylpropanoids. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:198-205. [PMID: 30201231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acanthus mollis is a plant native to the Mediterranean region, traditionally used as diuretic, anti-inflammatory and soothing of the mucous membranes of the digestive and urinary tract and externally as healing of wounds and burns, also demonstrating analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, studies focused on its phytochemical composition as well as scientific proof of Acanthus mollis efficacy are scarce. AIM OF THE STUDY The proposed work aims to perform a phytochemical characterization and evaluation of the therapeutic potential of Acanthus mollis, based on biological properties that support its traditional uses. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, an 96% ethanol extract from Acanthus mollis leaves was obtained and its phytochemical composition evaluated using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detector coupled to Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn). The chemical structure of the compound isolated was elucidated using 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 1H-correlation spectroscopy (1H-COSY), heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC). The quantification of the constituents was performed using two external standards (2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one and verbascoside). The antioxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and through lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay. The cytotoxicity was screened on two lines (RAW 264.7 and HaCaT) using the resazurin assay. RESULTS Compounds such as verbascoside and its derivatives, as well as benzoxazinoids were found as the main constituents. A percentage of 5.58% was verified for the 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA) derivatives. DIBOA was the main compound of the extract. Significant concentrations were also found for phenylpropanoids, which constitute about 4.39% of the total compounds identified. This extract showed antioxidant capacity against DPPH (IC50 = 40.00 ± 1.59 μg/mL) and superoxide anion (IC50 = 29.42 ± 1.99 μg/mL). It also evidenced anti-inflammatory potential in RAW 264.7 macrophages, presenting capacity for nitric oxide reduction (IC50 = 28.01 μg/mL). Moreover, in vitro studies have shown that this extract was able to inhibit the lipoxygenase, with an IC50 of 104.39 ± 4.95 µg/mL. Importantly, all effective concentrations were devoid of cytotoxicity in keratinocytes, thus highlighting the safety of the extract for the treatment of skin inflammatory related diseases. Concerning macrophages it was also possible to disclose concentrations showing anti-inflammatory activity and without cytotoxicity (up to 30 µg/mL). The benzoxazinoid DIBOA demonstrated a considerable anti-inflammatory activity suggesting its important contribution to this activity. CONCLUSIONS These results corroborate the anti-inflammatory properties traditionally attributed to this plant. Among the compounds identified in this study, benzoxazinoids exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity that was never previously described. Ethanol seems to be a good option for the extraction of these bioactive compounds, since relevant antioxidant/anti-radical and anti-inflammatory activities were found for this extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Matos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - A Paranhos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - F Nunes
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Cruz
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C F G C Geraldes
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC), Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-393 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M T Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M T Batista
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Prasansuklab A, Tencomnao T. Acanthus ebracteatus leaf extract provides neuronal cell protection against oxidative stress injury induced by glutamate. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:278. [PMID: 30326896 PMCID: PMC6192065 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthus ebracteatus (AE), an herb native to Asia, has been recognized in traditional folk medicine not only for its antioxidant properties and various pharmacological activities but also as an ingredient of longevity formulas. However, its anti-neurodegenerative potential is not yet clearly known. This work aimed to evaluate the protective effect of AE leaf extract against glutamate-induced oxidative damage in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells, a neurodegenerative model system due to a reduction in glutathione levels and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). METHODS Cell viability, apoptosis, and ROS assays were performed to assess the protective effect of AE leaf extract against glutamate-induced oxidative toxicity in HT22 cells. The antioxidant capacity of AE was evaluated using in vitro radical scavenging assays. The subcellular localization of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and the mRNA and protein levels of genes associated with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant system were determined to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of AE leaf extract. RESULTS We demonstrated that AE leaf extract is capable of attenuating the intracellular ROS generation and HT22 cell death induced by glutamate in a concentration-dependent manner. Co-treatment of glutamate with the extract significantly reduced apoptotic cell death via inhibition of AIF nuclear translocation. The increases in Nrf2 levels in the nucleus and gene expression levels of antioxidant-related downstream genes under Nrf2 control were found to be significant in cells treated with the extract. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that AE leaf extract possesses neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced oxidative injury and may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Dalar A, Bengu AS, Allahverdiyev O. Analysis of Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Verbascum cheiranthifolium var. cheiranthifolium stem and flowers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2018. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.401127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Phenolic Plant Extracts Induce Sirt1 Activity and Increase Antioxidant Levels in the Rabbit's Heart and Liver. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2731289. [PMID: 30116475 PMCID: PMC6079382 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2731289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Several dietary phytochemicals potentially regulate the equilibrium between oxidant and antioxidant species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lippia citriodora, Raphanus sativus, and Solanum lycopersicum on blood parameters, oxidative/antioxidant status, and SIRT1 activity in the rabbit's heart and liver. Methods Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each. The control group (CN) received a feed without any additives. One intervention group received a supplement containing verbascoside (VB), another Raphanus sativus extract (RAP), and lastly lycopene (LYC). Oxidant-antioxidant parameters and SIRT1 activity were measured in plasma and in the heart and liver, respectively. Results The treatment with VB, RAP, and LYC resulted in a marked improvement in the blood lipid and glycaemic profile in respect to CN. VB was the most effective, but all three plant extracts induced a significant reduction in oxidant parameters as well as an increase in antioxidant tissue activity and vitamin A and E levels. SIRT1 activity was significantly increased in both VB and LYC compared to CN, but the increased levels in the VB group were far the highest. The multivariate analysis suggests that the benefits of VB, particularly the antiglycaemic and antioxidant effects, might be mediated by increasing SIRT1 activity.
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Liao PL, Li CH, Tse LS, Kang JJ, Cheng YW. Safety assessment of the Cistanche tubulosa health food product Memoregain ®: Genotoxicity and 28-day repeated dose toxicity test. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:581-588. [PMID: 29886232 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological effects of Cistanches Herba, known as "Ginseng of the desert", have been extensively studied. In this study, we aimed to assess the genotoxic and oral toxic effects of the Cistanche tubulosa health food product Memoregain® using in vitro and in vivo tests. Ames tests using five strains of Salmonella typhimurium showed no signs of increased reverse mutation upon exposure to Memoregain® up to a concentration of 5 mg/plate. Exposure of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells to Memoregain® did not increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in vitro. Moreover, Memoregain® treatment did not affect the proportions of immature to total erythrocytes or the number of micronuclei in the immature erythrocytes of ICR mice. Additionally, after 28-day repeated oral dose toxicity tests (0, 0.15, 0.3, and 0.5g/kg body weight) in rats, no observable adverse effects were found. These toxicological assessments supported the safety of Memoregain® for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Lin Liao
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Shan Tse
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jaw-Jou Kang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lombardo L, Grasso F, Lanciano F, Loria S, Monetti E. Broad-Spectrum Health Protection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64057-4.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
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Robles-Almazan M, Pulido-Moran M, Moreno-Fernandez J, Ramirez-Tortosa C, Rodriguez-Garcia C, Quiles JL, Ramirez-Tortosa MC. Hydroxytyrosol: Bioavailability, toxicity, and clinical applications. Food Res Int 2017; 105:654-667. [PMID: 29433260 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many beneficial properties have been attributed to the Mediterranean diet. Over the years, researchers have attempted to learn which foods and which food components are responsible for good health. One of these components is hydroxytyrosol, an important phenolic compound present in olive oil. Hydroxytyrosol is a molecule of high interest to the pharmaceutical industry due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial qualities its role against cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome and for its neuroprotection, antitumour, and chemo modulation effects. The interest in this molecule has led to wide research on its biological activities, its beneficial effects in humans and how to synthetize new molecules from hydroxytyrosol. This review describes the vast range of information about hydroxytyrosol, focusing on its involvement in biological mechanisms and modulation effects on different pathologies. This review also serves to highlight the role of hydroxytyrosol as a nutraceutical and as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Robles-Almazan
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Complex of Jaén, Avenida del Ejército Español, 10, Jaén 23007, Spain
| | - Mario Pulido-Moran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Cesar Ramirez-Tortosa
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Complex of Jaén, Avenida del Ejército Español, 10, Jaén 23007, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Jose L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - MCarmen Ramirez-Tortosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University campus of Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Centre, Avenida del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18016, Spain.
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Acteoside and Isoacteoside Protect Amyloid β Peptide Induced Cytotoxicity, Cognitive Deficit and Neurochemical Disturbances In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040895. [PMID: 28441758 PMCID: PMC5412474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acteoside and isoacteoside, two phenylethanoid glycosides, coexist in some plants. This study investigates the memory-improving and cytoprotective effects of acteoside and isoacteoside in amyloid β peptide 1-42 (Aβ 1-42)-infused rats and Aβ 1-42-treated SH-SY5Y cells. It further elucidates the role of amyloid cascade and central neuronal function in these effects. Acteoside and isoacteoside ameliorated cognitive deficits, decreased amyloid deposition, and reversed central cholinergic dysfunction that were caused by Aβ 1-42 in rats. Acteoside and isoacteoside further decreased extracellular Aβ 1-40 production and restored the cell viability that was decreased by Aβ 1-42 in SH-SY5Y cells. Acteoside and isoacteoside also promoted Aβ 1-40 degradation and inhibited Aβ 1-42 oligomerization in vitro. However, the memory-improving and cytoprotective effects of isoacteoside exceeded those of acteoside. Isoacteoside promoted exploratory behavior and restored cortical and hippocampal dopamine levels, but acteoside did not. We suggest that acteoside and isoacteoside ameliorated the cognitive dysfunction that was caused by Aβ 1-42 by blocking amyloid deposition via preventing amyloid oligomerization, and reversing central neuronal function via counteracting amyloid cytotoxicity.
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Cui Q, Pan Y, Yan X, Qu B, Liu X, Xiao W. A metabolic way to investigate related hurdles causing poor bioavailability in oral delivery of isoacteoside in rats employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:371-380. [PMID: 27859774 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isoacteoside (ISAT), a phenylethanoid glycoside that acts as the principal bioactive component in traditional Chinese medicines, possesses broad pharmacological effects such as neuroprotective, antihypertensive and hepatoprotective activities. However, its pharmaceutical development has been severely limited due to the poor oral bioavailability. It is essential and significant to investigate related hurdles leading to the poor bioavailability of isoacteoside. METHODS Whole animal metabolism studies were conducted in rats, followed by metabolic mechanism including gastrointestinal stability, intestinal flora metabolism and intestinal enzyme metabolism employing the powerful method ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS/MS). RESULTS A simple, rapid and sensitive method has been developed which comprehensively revealed the underlying cause of poor bioavailability of ISAT in a metabolic manner. The prototype of ISAT and its combined metabolites have not been detected in plasma. Furthermore, the residual content of the parent compound in in vitro experiments was approximately 59%, 5% and barely none in intestinal bacteria, intestinal S9 and simulated intestinal juice at 6 h, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present work has demonstrated that the factors causing the poor bioavailability of isoacteoside should be attributed to the metabolism. In general, the metabolism that resulted from intestinal flora and intestinal enzymes were predominant reasons giving rise to the poor bioavailability of ISAT, which also suggested that metabolites might be responsible for the excellent pharmacological effect of ISAT. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Xiaowei Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bao Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd, Lianyungang, 222001, China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China
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Yuan J, Ren J, Wang Y, He X, Zhao Y. Acteoside Binds to Caspase-3 and Exerts Neuroprotection in the Rotenone Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162696. [PMID: 27632381 PMCID: PMC5025188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) region. Acteoside has displayed multiple biological functions. Its potential role against PD and the underlying signaling mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we showed that oral administration of acteoside significantly attenuated parkinsonism symptoms in rotenone-induced PD rats. Further, acteoside inhibited rotenone-induced α-synuclein, caspase-3 upregulation and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) downregulation in PD rats. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results indicated that acteoside may directly bind to and inhibit caspase-3. Acteoside formed hydrogen bonds with at least six residues of caspase-3: ThrA177, SerA178, GlyA238, SerB339, ArgB341 and TrpB348. In addition, a pi-pi interaction was formed between acteoside and caspase-3’s HisA237, which might further stabilize the complex. MD simulation results demonstrated that the binding affinity of the caspase-3-acteoside complex was higher than that of caspase-3 and its native ligand inhibitor. Together, we show that acteoside binds to caspase-3 and exerts neuroprotection in the rotenone rat model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinpeng Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy and Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy and Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: ;
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Xue Z, Yang B. Phenylethanoid Glycosides: Research Advances in Their Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activity and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2016; 21:E991. [PMID: 27483229 PMCID: PMC6273160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21080991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are widely distributed in traditional Chinese medicines as well as in other medicinal plants, and they were characterized by a phenethyl alcohol (C₆-C₂) moiety attached to a β-glucopyranose/β-allopyranose via a glycosidic bond. The outstanding activity of PhGs in diverse diseases proves their importance in medicinal chemistry research. This review summarizes new findings on PhGs over the past 10 years, concerning the new structures, their bioactivities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antivirus, cytotoxic, immunomodulatory, and enzyme inhibitory effects, and pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xue
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Neuroprotection comparison of chlorogenic acid and its metabolites against mechanistically distinct cell death-inducing agents in cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Brain Res 2016; 1648:69-80. [PMID: 27444557 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
While the number of patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease is increasing, there are currently no effective treatments that significantly limit the neuronal cell death underlying these diseases. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenolic compound found in high concentration in coffee, is known to possess antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of CGA and its major metabolites in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons. We show that CGA and caffeic acid displayed a dramatic protective effect against the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside. In marked contrast, ferulic acid and quinic acid had no protective effect against this nitrosative stress. While CGA and quinic acid had no protective effect against glutamate-induced cell death, caffeic acid and ferulic acid significantly protected neurons from excitotoxicity. Finally, caffeic acid was the only compound to display significant protective activity against hydrogen peroxide, proteasome inhibition, caspase-dependent intrinsic apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. These results indicate that caffeic acid displays a much broader profile of neuroprotection against a diverse range of stressors than its parent polyphenol, CGA, or the other major metabolites, ferulic acid and quinic acid. We conclude that caffeic acid is a promising candidate for testing in pre-clinical models of neurodegeneration.
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Yu G, Deng A, Tang W, Ma J, Yuan C, Ma J. Hydroxytyrosol induces phase II detoxifying enzyme expression and effectively protects dopaminergic cells against dopamine- and 6-hydroxydopamine induced cytotoxicity. Neurochem Int 2016; 96:113-20. [PMID: 26970393 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common late-age onset neurodegenerative disease. Except for the symptomatic alleviating treatment, no disease modifying therapy is currently available. In this study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective role of hydroxytyrosol (HT), a major phenolic compound present in olive oil, against dopaminergic cell death. We found that HT effectively protected dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells against dopamine (DA) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced cell death, but had no apparent effect on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we have shown that HT efficiently induced the expression of phase II detoxifying enzymes, including NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Using an NQO1 inhibitor, we revealed that increased NQO1 expression contributed to the protective effect of HT against dopaminergic cell death. Together, our findings suggest that HT has a protective effect against DA- and 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic cell death, supporting the beneficial effect of olive oil in preventing DA-metabolism related dopaminergic neuron dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ajun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanbin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chonggang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (East China Normal University), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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A new furofuran lignan diglycoside and other secondary metabolites from the antidepressant extract of Castilleja tenuiflora Benth. Molecules 2015. [PMID: 26197306 PMCID: PMC6332436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200713127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Castilleja tenuiflora has been used for the treatment of several Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases. Herein we report the antidepressant activity of the methanol extract from the leaves of this medicinal plant. The oral administration of MeOH extract (500 mg/kg) induced a significant (p < 0.05) decrement of the immobility parameter on Forced Swimming Test (FST) and an increment in the latency and duration of the hypnosis, induced by administration of sodium pentobarbital (Pbi, 40 mg/kg, i.p.). Chemical analysis of this antidepressant extract allowed the isolation of (+)-piperitol-4-O-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-glucopyranoside. This new furofuran lignan diglycoside was named tenuifloroside (1) and its complete chemical structure elucidation on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra analysis of the natural compound 1 and its peracetylated derivative 1a is described. This compound was found together with two flavones—apigenin and luteolin 5-methyl ether—a phenylethanoid—verbascoside—and three iridoids—geniposide, caryoptoside and aucubin. All these compounds were purified by successive normal and reverse phase column chromatography. Tenuifloroside, caryoptoside and luteolin 5-methyl ether were isolated from Castilleja genus for the first time. These findings demonstrate that C. tenuiflora methanol extract has beneficial effect on depressive behaviors, and the knowledge of its chemical constitution allows us to propose a new standardized treatment for future investigations of this species in depressive illness.
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Liu YG, Li X, Xiong DC, Yu B, Pu X, Ye XS. Synthetic phenylethanoid glycoside derivatives as potent neuroprotective agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 95:313-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Peng XM, Gao L, Huo SX, Liu XM, Yan M. The Mechanism of Memory Enhancement of Acteoside (Verbascoside) in the Senescent Mouse Model Induced by a Combination of D-gal and AlCl3. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1137-44. [PMID: 25900087 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acteoside (verbsacoside), one of the main active phenylethanoid glycosides from Cistanche deserticola, is known to have antioxidant and neuroprotective activity, and herbs containing it are used to enhance memory. However, there is relatively little direct experimental evidence to support the use of acteoside in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of acteoside in improving learning and memory, using a mouse model of senescence induced by a combination of d-galactose and AlCl3 , and investigate its potential mechanisms compared with the positive controls vitamin E and piracetam. Acteoside was administered intragastrically at doses of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg/day for 30 days after AD was induced. Memory function was evaluated using a step-down test. The number of neuron was analysed by haematoxylin and eosin staining and the number of Nissl bodies by Nissl staining. The expression of caspase-3 protein in hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Nitric oxide and total nitric oxide synthase level in hippocampus were also assessed. Our results showed that the latency of step down was shortened in AD model mice and the number of errors decreased after treatment with all doses of acteoside. Neurons and Nissl bodies in the hippocampus were increased significantly with higher doses (60 and 120 mg/kg/day) of acteoside. The content of nitric oxide, the activity of nitric oxide synthase and the expression of caspase-3 protein were decreased by 120 mg/kg/day acteoside compared with that of the AD model group. Our results support the results obtained previously using the Morris maze test in the same mouse model of senescence, and the use of traditional medicinal herbs containing acteoside for neuroprotection and memory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Peng
- Prescription Laboratory of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830049, China
| | - Li Gao
- Prescription Laboratory of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830049, China
| | - Shi-Xia Huo
- Prescription Laboratory of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830049, China
| | - Xin-Min Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Prescription Laboratory of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830049, China
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Yang J, Yan Y, Liu H, Wang J, Hu J. Protective effects of acteoside against X‑ray‑induced damage in human skin fibroblasts. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2301-6. [PMID: 25892089 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the protective effects of acteoside against apoptosis induced by X-ray radiation in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs), the cells were divided into the following groups: Control group; X-ray radiation group; acteoside group, in which the confluent cells were preincubated with 50 μg/ml acteoside for 2 h followed by radiation; and positive control group, in which the cells were preincubated with 50 μg/ml paeoniflorin followed by radiation. For the radiation, HSF cells preincubated with acteoside or paeoniflorin were exposed to X-ray beams at a dose-rate of 3 Gy/min (16 Gy in total). Cell viability, apoptosis and intracellular alteration of redox were monitored by MTT and flow cytometry. Compared with the radiation group, the number of cells arrested at the G0/G1 phase was significantly reduced in the acteoside and paeoniflorin groups, respectively (P<0.05). X-ray radiation induced marked apoptosis in HSF cells and acteoside reversed this effect. Compared with the radiation group, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was abrogated by pre-incubation with acteoside or paeoniflorin (P<0.05). In addition, the upregulation of pro-caspase-3 induced by radiation was reversed by acteoside or paeoniflorin. Radiation could induce upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2; however, it was reversed completely after administration of acteoside or paeoniflorin. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of ERK and JNK induced by radiation was reversed by acteoside or paeoniflorin. Acteoside could protect the cells from X-ray induced damage through enhancing the scavenging activity of ROS, decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and downregulating the activity of procaspase-3, as well as modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Huibin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Junping Hu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
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Rodríguez-Morató J, Xicota L, Fitó M, Farré M, Dierssen M, de la Torre R. Potential role of olive oil phenolic compounds in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Molecules 2015; 20:4655-80. [PMID: 25781069 PMCID: PMC6272603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been associated with a reduced incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and better cognitive performance. Virgin olive oil, the main source of lipids in the MD, is rich in minor phenolic components, particularly hydroxytyrosol (HT). HT potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions have attracted researchers' attention and may contribute to neuroprotective effects credited to MD. In this review HT bioavailability and pharmacokinetics are presented prior to discussing health beneficial effects. In vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects together with its multiple mechanisms of action are reviewed. Other microconstituents of olive oil are also considered due to their potential neuroprotective effects (oleocanthal, triterpenic acids). Finally, we discuss the potential role of HT as a therapeutic tool in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Rodríguez-Morató
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03/028), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - Laura Xicota
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology Research Group, Center of Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03/028), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Epidemiology Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Magí Farré
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Cellular & Systems Neurobiology Research Group, Center of Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Human Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03/028), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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Dinda B, SilSarma I, Dinda M, Rudrapaul P. Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz, an important Asian traditional medicine: from traditional uses to scientific data for its commercial exploitation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 161:255-78. [PMID: 25543018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Oroxylum indicum\ (L.) Kurz has been used for centuries as a traditional medicine in Asia in ethnomedicinal systems for the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as jaundice, arthritic and rheumatic problems, gastric ulcers, tumors, respiratory diseases, diabetes, and diarrhea and dysentery, among others. The present review provides scientific evidence supporting the therapeutic potency of the plant for ethnomedicinal uses and identifies gaps for future research to facilitate commercial exploitation. METHODS This review is based on available information on traditional uses and phytochemical, pharmacological, clinical and toxicity data for Oroxylum indicum that was collected from electronic (SciFinder, PubMed, Science Direct, and ACS, among others) and library searches. KEY FINDING A variety of traditional medicinal uses of Oroxylum indicum in different Southeast and South Asian countries have been reported in books describing the uses of these plants. Phytochemical investigations of the different parts of the plant resulted in identification of approximately 111 compounds, among which flavonoids, naphthalenoids and cyclohexylethanoids are the predominant groups. The crude extracts and their isolates exhibit a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities involving antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anticancer, anti-ulcer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities. Flavonoids are the major constituents of all parts of the plant. From a toxicity perspective, only aqueous and ethanolic extracts of stem bark, root bark and fruits have been assessed and found to be safe. The major flavonoids of the stem bark, such as baicalein, chrysin and oroxylin A, were reported for the first time as natural flavonoids with potent inhibitory activity against endoprotease enzymes and proprotein convertases, which play a key role in the growth of cancer and in viral and bacterial infections. Flavonoids are the active components of bioactive extracts. Several Ayurvedic medicines have been formulated either singly using this plant or along with other herbs for the treatment of different diseases. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological results have supported some traditional medicinal uses of Oroxylum indicum. Several extracts and their isolates have been reported to exhibit interesting pharmacological properties. These components could be useful as sources of modern medicines following future detailed studies to elucidate their underlying mechanisms, toxicity, synergistic effects and clinical trials. Attention should also be focused on pharmacological studies investigating the traditional uses of the plant, which have not been yet addressed, as well as clinical studies investigating commercial Ayurvedic medicines and other ethnomedicinal preparations in human subjects based on this plant to confirm the safety and quality of the preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala-799022, Tripura, India.
| | - I SilSarma
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala-799022, Tripura, India
| | - M Dinda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - P Rudrapaul
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala-799022, Tripura, India
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Ignjatović Đ, Živković J, Tovilović G, Šavikin K, Tomić M, Maksimović Z, Janković T. Evaluation of angiogenic and neuroprotective potential of different extracts from threeVeronicaspecies. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2014.998297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Khazir J, Ali I, Khan IA, Sampath Kumar HM. Enzyme mediated-transesterification of verbascoside and evaluation of antifungal activity of synthesised compounds. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:727-34. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.984181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jabeena Khazir
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180001, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Intizar Ali
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180001, India
| | - Inshad Ali Khan
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180001, India
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Deng R, Xu Y, Feng F, Liu W. Identification of poliumoside metabolites in rat feces by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:285-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Cai H, Xie Z, Liu G, Sun X, Peng G, Lin B, Liao Q. Isolation, identification and activities of natural antioxidants from Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93000. [PMID: 24667350 PMCID: PMC3965524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species leads to some diseases associated with oxidative stress. Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun (CK) is a common remedy in traditional Chinese medicine and possesses diverse biological activities involving antioxidant properties; its main compounds phenylethanoid glycosides (PG) and flavonoids are always reported as antioxidants. In order to develop CK as a safe and activated antioxidant, our investigation was performed to validate antioxidant properties and assess which types of compounds (similar polarity or similar structure), even which compounds, played the role of antioxidants. The extracted compounds of CK were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by HPLC-DAD-ESI-Trap MS and UV for their contents and antioxidant activities. The correlations between antioxidant activities and known contents were respectively counted and a semi-quantitative experiment was designed to screen antioxidant compounds of CK with HPLC-UV. The n-butanol fraction (BF) showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC, TFC), and three PG (forsythiaside B, poliumoside and acteoside) contents. BF showed the significantly best (P<0.05) activities in most assays. There were significant correlations (P<0.05) between DPPH•, ABTS(+)•, •O2(-) scavenging, Cu(2+)-chelating, anti-lipidperoxidation activities and TPC. BF also has significant antioxidant activities on CCl4-induced acute liver injury Mice and TBHP-reduced HepG2 cells. Nine PG (forsythiaside B, poliumoside, acteoside, alyssonoside, brandioside and their derivatives) and one flavone (rhamnazin) were screened out as antioxidants. BF in CK contained abundant polyphenolic, which reflected some definite antioxidant properties. The antioxidant compounds consisted at the least of nine PG and one flavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuman Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangtian Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoqin Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Identification of acteoside and its major metabolites in rat urine by ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 940:77-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Liu YH, Lu YL, Han CH, Hou WC. Inhibitory activities of acteoside, isoacteoside, and its structural constituents against protein glycation in vitro. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2013; 54:6. [PMID: 28510849 PMCID: PMC5432847 DOI: 10.1186/1999-3110-54-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGE) are substances that can induce insulin resistance in adipocyte, hepatocyte and muscle cells. This resistance correlates highly with cardiovascular disease and diabetic complications. Acteoside (A), a phenylethanoid glycoside, is an active compound in several plants and traditional herbal medicines. Acteoside, its structural isomer, isoacteoside (I), and their constituents, caffeic acid (C) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol (D), were used in the study to investigate the inhibitory activity against AGE formations in vitro. RESULTS AGE formations were detected by anti-(Nϵ-(carboxymethyl)lysine (anti-CML), using bovine serum albumin (BSA)/glucose (glc) and BSA/galactose (gal) as models, or by anti-argpyrimidine (anti-AP), using BSA/methylglyoxal (MGO) as models. It was found that A, I, C, or D, each at 5 mM, could attenuate the CML formations detected by ELISA in the BSA/gal model of a 3-day or 5-day reaction, and showed significant differences (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) compared to the control. However, these compounds showed a minor effect after a 7-day incubation. It was also found that C or D could lower the CML formations in the BSA/glc model and showed significant differences (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) compared to the control after a 3-day, 5-day and 7-day reaction. It was found that A, I, C, or D, each at 0.5 mM or 5 mM, could attenuate the AP formations in the BSA/MGO model of a 3-day reaction and showed significant differences (P < 0.001) compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the potential anti-glycation activities of A and I in vitro may apply to cell models at higher glucose concentrations or to diabetic animal models, and need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Hwa Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hsiao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Hou
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tu Y, Sun L, Guo M, Chen W. The medicinal uses of Callicarpa L. in traditional Chinese medicine: an ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:465-481. [PMID: 23313870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa L. (Verbenaceae) has been used for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the prevention and treatment of a wide number of health disorders such as inflammation, rheumatism, hematuria, fracture, hematemesis, menoxenia, gastrointestinal bleeding, scrofula, etc. AIMS OF THE REVIEW To assess the scientific evidence for therapeutic Callicarpa in TCM and to identify future research needs. METHODS The available information on the ethnopharmacological uses in Chinese medicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical practice of Callicarpa species was collected via a library and electronic search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and CNKI). RESULTS A variety of ethnomedical use of Callicarpa has been recorded in many ancient Chinese books. Phytochemical investigation of this genus has resulted in identification of more than 200 chemical constituents, among which diterpenes, triterpenoids and flavonoids are the predominant groups. The isolates and crude extract have exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects involving anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, neuroprotective, anti-amnesic, antitubercular, antioxidant, antimicrobial and analgesic activities. Preparations containing Callicarpa species exerted good efficacy on clinical applications of gynecological inflammation, internal and external hemorrhage as well as acne vulgaris and chronic pharyngitis, etc. From the toxicity perspective, only three Callicarpa species have been assessed. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological results have validated the use of Callicarpa species in the traditional medicine. As literature demonstrated, terpenoids and flavonoids are perhaps responsible for most of the activities shown by the plants of this genus. However, the detailed active compounds and the underlying mechanisms remain a work in progress. In addition, more attention should be paid to C. nudiflora as well as the domain of rheumatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Tu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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Han L, Boakye-Yiadom M, Liu E, Zhang Y, Li W, Song X, Fu F, Gao X. Structural characterisation and identification of phenylethanoid glycosides from Cistanches deserticola Y.C. Ma by UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2012; 23:668-676. [PMID: 22678558 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are the major active constituents of Cistanches deserticola Y.C. Ma. However, the isolation, purification and identification procedures of PhGs are difficult and time-consuming. OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid and sensitive ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC)/ESI (electrospray ion source)-quadrupole time of flight (QTOF)-MS/MS method that could be applied to rapidly profile and identify PhGs. METHODOLOGY Seven standard compounds were used for the investigation of the fragmentation pattern. Based on the UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS method, the important structural information on the types of aglycone and saccharide sequences present should be obtained. RESULTS According to the HPLC retention behaviour, the proposed fragmentation pathways provided by high-resolution MS and MS/MS spectra and literature sources, a total of 13 PhGs in the crude extract of C. deserticola were identified or tentatively identified. CONCLUSION A rapid and accurate UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS method was established for the identification of PhGs in the crude extract of C. deserticola. This method therefore can be used for rapid prediction of the chemical constituents and qualities of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, PR China
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Moon HI, Lee JH. Neuroprotective effects of triterpene glycosides from glycine max against glutamate induced toxicity in primary cultured rat cortical cells. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:9642-9648. [PMID: 22949822 PMCID: PMC3431820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13089642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the neuroprotective effects of Glycine max, we tested its protection against the glutamate-induced toxicity in primary cortical cultured neurons. In order to clarify the neuroprotective mechanism(s) of this observed effect, isolation was performed to seek and identify active fractions and components. From such fractionation, two triterpene glycosides, 3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]olean-12-en-3β,22β,24-triol (1) and 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl(1-2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]olean-12-en-3β,22β,24-triol (2) were isolated with the methanol extracts with of air-dried Glycine max. Among these compounds, compound 2 exhibited significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity, exhibiting cell viability of about 50% at concentrations ranging from 0.1 μM to 10 μM. Therefore, the neuroprotective effect of Glycine max might be due to the inhibition of glutamate-induced toxicity by triterpene glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-In Moon
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Jai-Heon Lee
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea; E-Mail:
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Harput US, Genc Y, Saracoglu I. Cytotoxic and antioxidative activities of Plantago lagopus L. and characterization of its bioactive compounds. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1554-9. [PMID: 22289578 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Bioactivity guided isolation and characterization of phytoconstituents from the aerial parts of Plantago lagopus L. were performed to give a new insight into the usage of Plantago species in traditional medicine. The extract showed strong radical scavenging effects against DPPH, nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (SO) radicals comparable to that of known antioxidants 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and quercetin in addition to its cytotoxic activities against HEP-2 (human larynx epidermoid carcinoma) and RD (human rhabdomyosarcoma) cell lines based on MTT assay for growth inhibition. The gallic acid equivalent total phenolic content of the plant was found to be 79.94 mg/g dry extract. Phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside and calceorioside A were isolated from the most active fraction and both compounds showed strong radical scavenging activity against tested radicals and cytotoxicity against HEP-2, RD and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. In addition apoptotic cell death was observed in histological analysis. Taken together, these findings suggest that verbascoside and calceorioside A may be used in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sebnem Harput
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
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Abderrahim F, Estrella S, Susín C, Arribas SM, González MC, Condezo-Hoyos L. The Antioxidant Activity and Thermal Stability of Lemon Verbena (Aloysia triphylla) Infusion. J Med Food 2011; 14:517-27. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Abderrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Susín
- “Albert Sols” Institute of Biomedical Investigations, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia M. Arribas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Carmen González
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Condezo-Hoyos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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