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Sadauskas-Henrique H, Braz-Mota S, Campos DF, Dos Santos Barroso H, Kochhann D, Luis Val A, Maria Fonseca de Almeida-Val V. Oil spill in an amazon blackwater environment: Biochemical and physiological responses of local fish species. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118347. [PMID: 38309567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The accidental spill of petroleum asphalt cement (PAC) in São Raimundo (SR Harbor, located on the Rio Negro (Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil) was monitored through the analysis of polyciclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and a set of biomarkers in fishes (exposure biomarkes: PAHs-type metabolites concentrations in bile; the activities of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver. Effect biomarkers: lipid peroxidation concentration (LPO) in liver, acetylcholinesterase activity in brain, and genotoxic DNA damage in erythrocytes). Two fish species, Acarichthys heckelii and Satanoperca jurupari, were collected 10, 45, and 90 days after the PAC spill in São Raimundo. At the same time, fish were collected from the Tupé Sustainable Development Reserve (Tupé) which served as a reference area. The sampling periods were related to the rising waters of the natural flood pulse of the Rio Negro. Higher concentrations of PAHs in water were observed at 10 and 45 days and returned to the values of TP 90 days after the PAC spill, a period in which harbor waters rose about 0.2 m. Unlike the PAHs in water, biomarker responses in both fish species significantly increased following the PAC spill in SR. Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), PAH-like metabolites in bile, and erythrocyte DNA damage increases, together with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain were the most evident responses for both fish species. The calculated pyrolytic index showed mixed sources of PAHs (petrogenic and pyrolytic). The applied PCA-FA indicated important relationships between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and PAHs concentrations in water, where DOC and PAHs concentrations contributed to biomarkers responses for both fish species in all collection periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Sadauskas-Henrique
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69083-000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; UNISANTA (Universidade Santa Cecília), Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Bioquímica de Organismos Aquáticos, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 277 (Boqueirão), 11045-907, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Susana Braz-Mota
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69083-000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Derek Felipe Campos
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69083-000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Hiléia Dos Santos Barroso
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESA), Universidade Estadual do Amazonas (UEA), Av. Carvalho Leal 1777, 69065-001, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Daiani Kochhann
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69083-000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Acaraú Valley State University, Center of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Av. da Universidade 850, 62010-295, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69083-000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Fonseca de Almeida-Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69083-000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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da S Moreira TC, de Oliveira AFB, de Lucena PGC, do Nascimento ES, de Almeida LMF, de Araújo-Castro CMV, Rojas LAV, Yogui GT, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Santos JM. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater after the mysterious oil spill of 2019 on the Pernambuco coast, northeast Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116395. [PMID: 38703626 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
In 2019, one of Brazil's most significant environmental disasters occurred, involving an oil spill that directly affected Pernambuco state. Contamination along the coast was evaluated by the quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fifty seawater samples collected in the summer and winter of 2021. Analysis using fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that for all the samples, levels of dissolved/dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons (DDPHs) were higher than the regional baseline for tropical western shores of the Atlantic Ocean. GC-MS analyses quantified 17 PAHs in the samples, with highest total PAHs concentrations of 234 ng L-1 in summer and 33.3 ng L-1 in winter, which were consistent with the highest risks observed in ecotoxicity assays. The use of diagnostic ratios showed that the coast was impacted by a mixture of PAHs from petrogenic and pyrolytic sources. The results indicated the need for continuous monitoring of the regions affected by the 2019 spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayane Cristina da S Moreira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia B de Oliveira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Gabriel C de Lucena
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Estefani S do Nascimento
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M F de Almeida
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | - Lino Angel V Rojas
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Gilvan T Yogui
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Jandyson M Santos
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Petróleo, Energia e Espectrometria de Massas (PEM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil.
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de Sousa HS, Arruda-Santos R, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Suarez WT, de Oliveira JL, Farias RA, Bezerra Dos Santos V. A novel in situ method for linear alkylbenzene sulfonate quantification in environmental samples using a digital image-based method. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2009-2018. [PMID: 38517487 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00073k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Surfactants from detergents, when inadequately treated in sewage treatment plants, are carried away into estuaries, resulting in the contamination of aquatic environments. It is thus necessary to develop rapid and efficient techniques that are capable of effectively monitoring these pollutants. In this context, for the first time in the literature, this study reports the development and application of a digital image-based (DIB) method for the in situ quantification of the anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in water bodies using a smartphone. The DIB method is a highly effective modern detection method based on methylene blue, which is employed as a modified alternative technique to the spectrophotometric method and commonly used in environmental studies; in the DIB method, the images of interest are obtained using a smartphone and the analyses are carried out using free software Color grab. The results obtained from the application of the DIB method showed that the method possesses high precision and accuracy, with a linear calibration curve in the range of 0.15 to 4.5 mg L-1, R2 = 0.993, a limit of detection of 6.0 μg L-1, and recovery rates ranging from 82.7% to 114%. The efficacy of the proposed method was evaluated by comparing its results with those of spectrophotometry (used as a reference method) through the analysis of environmental samples obtained from the Capibaribe River Estuary using methylene blue. No statistically significant differences were observed between the results obtained from the DIB and the spectrophotometric method. The innovative method proposed in this study is fast, economical and environmentally friendly; the technique involves the use of only a few microliters of samples and generates little waste compared to spectrophotometry. In addition, the proposed method is applicable for in situ analyses, allowing real-time monitoring of LAS in different types of aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helayne S de Sousa
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Automação Analítica Aplicada (LIA3), Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Roxanny Arruda-Santos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Willian T Suarez
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Renata A Farias
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Automação Analítica Aplicada (LIA3), Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Vagner Bezerra Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Automação Analítica Aplicada (LIA3), Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
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de Souza Dias da Silva MF, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Valcarcel Rojas LA, de Oliveira Alves MD, Chimendes da Silva Neves V, de Araújo ME. Traces of oil in sea turtle feces. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116088. [PMID: 38309176 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
In 2019, an oil spill hit the Brazilian Northeast coast causing impact to several ecosystems, including sea turtles' breeding and feeding areas. This study aimed to investigate whether sea turtles were impacted by this oil disaster, correlating the oil found inside feces with a sandy-oiled sample collected on the beach some days after the accident. The fecal samples were collected in the upper mid-littoral reef areas during three consecutive days in February 2020. The results suggested that sea turtles consumed algae contaminated by petroleum. Hydrocarbons composition of oil inside feces was similar to the sandy-oiled sample, suggesting they were the same. Lighter aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic compounds were missing, indicating both sandy-oiled and oil inside the feces had experienced significant evaporation prior to collection. Although the long-term damage is still unknown, the data are novel and relevant to support future research and alert authorities about the risks to sea turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Felipe de Souza Dias da Silva
- Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Lino Angel Valcarcel Rojas
- Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Danise de Oliveira Alves
- Faculdade Frassinetti do Recife, Av. Conde da Boa Vista, 921, Recife 50060-002, Pernambuco, Brazil; Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos - AQUASIS, Av. Pintor João Figueiredo - SESC - Iparana, Caucaia, 61627-250, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Elisabeth de Araújo
- Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-550, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Choueri RB, de Souza Abessa DM, de Carvalho MU, Pazini B, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Rojas LAV, de Carvalho PSM, de Andrade NVM, de Souza Santos LP, Ferraz MA, Alves AV, Castro ÍB. PAH residues and toxicity levels two years after an extensive oil spill on the northeast Brazilian coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116063. [PMID: 38278019 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The most extensive oil spill ever recorded in tropical oceans occurred between August 2019 and March 2020, affecting approximately 3000 km of the Brazilian coast. This study assessed the chemical contamination and toxicity of sediments collected from affected reef areas during two sampling surveys conducted 17 and 24 months after the peak of oil slick inputs. Our results indicated that neither PAH levels nor measured toxicity showed a significant contribution from the spilled oil, with concentrations and biological effects indistinguishable from those in unaffected areas. Similarly, no differences were observed between seasons. Furthermore, there was no discernible relationship between sediment toxicity results and the measured PAH concentrations. Therefore, while biological responses indicated toxicity in most assessed areas, these responses are likely related to other local sources. This evidence suggests a natural oil attenuation process contributing to local environmental recovery. Nonetheless, further investigation is needed for other areas affected by oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Unesp, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Maysa Ueda de Carvalho
- Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Unesp, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Pazini
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR) - Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências (CTG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Lino Angel Valcárcel Rojas
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR) - Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências (CTG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Martins de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR) - Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências (CTG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Nycolle Virgínia Maux de Andrade
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia (LACE) - Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências (CTG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Lília Pereira de Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia (LACE) - Departamento de Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências (CTG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Vecchio Alves
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil.
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Hassaan MA, Ragab S, Sikaily AE, Nemr AE. Sources of hydrocarbons and their risk assessment in seawater and sediment samples collected from the Nile Delta coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5082. [PMID: 38429376 PMCID: PMC10907701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55339-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to examine the levels, distribution, bases, and hazards of n-alkanes (n-C9 to n-C20) and PAHs in the seawater and sediments around oil production locations in the whole delta region. The variations in the levels of PAHs and n-alkanes in seawater and sediment of the Nile delta coast of the Mediterranean were investigated using GC-MS/MS. The Σn-alkanes residues ranged between 12.05 and 93.51 mg/L (mean: 50.45 ± 17.49 mg/L) and 4.70 to 84.03 µg/g (mean: 31.02 ± 27.995 µg/g) in seawater and sediments, respectively. Total PAHs concentrations ranged between 4.485 and 16.337 μg/L (average: 9.47 ± 3.69 μg/L) and 1.32 to 28.38 ng/g (average 8.61 ± 7.57 ng/g) in seawater and sediment samples, respectively. The CPI (carbon preference index) values fluctuated between 0.62 and 1.72 (seawater) and from 0.234 to 2.175 (sediment), proposing the variation sources of n-alkane in the studied area. PAHs concentrations were lower than the Effective Range Low (ERL) and Effective Range Median (ERM) levels. The Toxic Equivalent Quotient (TEQ) values oscillated between 0.002 and 6.84 ng/L and from 3.72 to 13.48 ng/g for the seawater and sediment samples, respectively. The Ant/(Ant + Phe) ratio in sediment and seawater samples indicated a pyrolytic source while the BaA/(BaA + Chry) ratio indicates petrogenic sources in most of the studied stations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hassaan
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, P.O. 21556, Elanfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Safaa Ragab
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, P.O. 21556, Elanfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amany El Sikaily
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, P.O. 21556, Elanfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El Nemr
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, P.O. 21556, Elanfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Silva JGD, Chagas CA, Souza TGDS, Araújo MCD, Araújo LCAD, Santos AMM, Sá RADQCD, Alves RBDO, Rodrigues RHA, Silva HPD, Malafaia G, Bezerra RDS, Oliveira MBMD. Using structural equation modeling to assess the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of heavy metal contamination in the freshwater ecosystems: A study involving Oreochromis niloticus in an urban river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169529. [PMID: 38160826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chemical pollutants represent a leading problem for aquatic ecosystems, as they can induce genetic, biochemical, and physiological changes in the species of these ecosystems, thus compromising their adaptability and survival. The Capibaribe River runs through the state of Pernambuco, located in Northeastern Brazil, and passes through areas of agricultural cultivation, densely populated cities, and industrial centers, primarily textiles. Despite its importance, few ecotoxicological studies have been conducted on its environment, and knowledge about pollution patterns and their effects on its biota is still being determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality and the damage supposed to be caused by pollutants on the DNA specimens of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) obtained from seven strategic points of Capibaribe. Tilapia specimens and water were collected during the rainy and dry seasons from 2015 to 2017. The following characteristics were analyzed: physicochemical (six), metal concentration (seven), local pluviosity, micronuclei, and comet assay. The physicochemical and heavy metal analyses were exploratory, whereas the ecotoxicological analyses were hypothetical. To verify this hypothesis, we compared the groups of fish collected to the results of the micronuclei test and comet assay. We created a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determine how each metal's micronuclei variables, damage index, pluviosity, and concentration were related. Our results demonstrated that the highest values for markers of genetic damage were detected at points with the highest heavy metal concentrations, especially iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, and cadmium. The SEM demonstrated that metals could explain the findings of the genotoxicity markers. Moreover, other pollutants, such as pesticides, should be considered, mainly where the river passes through rural areas. The results presented here demonstrate that the Capibaribe River has different degrees of contamination and confirm our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordany Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Aparecido Chagas
- Laboratório de Ciências Morfológicas e Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - CAV), Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Marlyete Chagas de Araújo
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - André Maurício Melo Santos
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - CAV), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Rosner Henrique Alves Rodrigues
- Instituto para Redução de Riscos e Desastres de Pernambuco -IRRD, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Núcleo de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto - GEOSERE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Hernande Pereira da Silva
- Instituto para Redução de Riscos e Desastres - IRRD/UFRPE, Núcleo de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto - GEOSERE/UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
| | - Ranilson de Souza Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Andrade ADC, Fernandes GM, Martins DA, Cavalcante RM, Chaves MRB, de Souza AA, da S Filho JP, Nascimento RF, de Lima SG. Concentrations, sources and risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the Parnaiba Delta basin, Northeast Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140889. [PMID: 38081521 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The Parnaíba River is the main river in the Parnaíba Delta basin, the largest delta in the Americas. About 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified and the environmental risk associated with the sediments was evaluated. The study found that PAHs levels ranged from 5.92 to 1521.17 ng g-1, which was classified as low to high pollution, and that there were multiple sources of pollution along the river, with pyrolytic sources predominating, mainly from urban activity such as trucking, although the influence of rural activity cannot be ruled out. PAHs correlated with black carbon and organic matter and showed high correlation with acenaphthylene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(ghi)perylene, and ∑PAHs. The benzo(a)pyrene levels were classified as a risk to aquatic life because the threshold effect level and the probable effect level were exceeded. In addition, the sediments were classified as slightly contaminated with a benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalent value of 108.43 ng g-1. Thus, the priority level PAH exhibited carcinogenic and mutagenic activity that posed a potential risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analine D C Andrade
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Orgânica (LAGO), Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle M Fernandes
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Contaminantes Orgânicos (LACOr), Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Avenida Abolição, 3207, Meireles, 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Davi A Martins
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Contaminantes Orgânicos (LACOr), Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Avenida Abolição, 3207, Meireles, 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rivelino M Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Contaminantes Orgânicos (LACOr), Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Avenida Abolição, 3207, Meireles, 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michel R B Chaves
- Universidade Federal Do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. João Alberto, 700, 65700-000, Bacabal, MA, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Jeremias P da S Filho
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Natureza, Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo F Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Sidney G de Lima
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Orgânica (LAGO), Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
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9
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Branco FOL, Pegado T, Giarrizzo T, Rodrigues CCDS, Corrêa JAM. Association between PAH and plastic fragments on Brazilian coast beaches: a baseline assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121895-121907. [PMID: 37962762 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic materials have many destinies on the environment, and one of them is its continuous fragmentation, originating microplastics (MP). MP act as an adsorption surface for organic pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Due to its toxic and harmful properties, 16 PAH are defined as priorities in studies. Several works have evaluated the occurrence of MP and PAH individually in environmental matrices, but just a few have investigated their association. The present study aims to investigate PAH occurrence, sources, and concentration in MP from beach sediments of eight Brazilian coastal states. Sixteen PAH were analyzed by gas chromatography, in which 14 PAH were detected, and PAH total concentration (ΣPAH) ranged from 0.25 to 71.60 ng g-1. In the North and Northeast regions, the low PAH concentrations in MP appear to be related to the intense hydrodynamic processes. Naphthalene levels on the Styrofoam were above the threshold effect level in two samples and near it on one; therefore, effects in the organisms might occur due to these PAH. The Southeast and South regions are the only ones with previous studies relating PAH with MP, and ΣPAH ranged from 0.34 to 2.52 ng g-1. According to the diagnostic ratios, the PAH sources were associated with industrial and port activities, untreated effluent disposal, and urban runoff by pluvial waters. The highest ΣPAH level was found in the Styrofoam samples, suggesting that this MP type might contribute considerable to PAH dispersion on Brazilian coast beaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamyris Pegado
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Resources Management, Nucleus of Amazonian Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Resources Management, Nucleus of Amazonian Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Institute of Marine Science (LABOMAR), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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10
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Hassaan MA, El Nemr A, El Sikaily A, Ragab S. n-Alkanes and PAHs baseline distributions and sources in the sediments of the Nile Delta coast of the southeastern Mediterranean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115262. [PMID: 37467685 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The variations in the levels of n-alkanes and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediment of the Nile Delta coast and extended to Bardaweel Lagoon along the Mediterranean were investigated during September 2021. The total n-alkane concentrations in the sediment samples ranged from 18.85 to 164.37 μg/g with an average value of 51.98 ± 17.49 μg/g. Similarly, the ΣPAHs concentrations ranged between 4.55 and 207.48 ng/g with an average of 27.89 ± 49.82 ng/g. The carbon preference index (CPI) values were in the 0.21 to 1.39 range, indicating variations in the sources of n-alkane at the analyzed locations. The mean carbon number (MCN) values ranged from 7.41 to 15.47, with an average of 13.34 ± 1.69. The levels of both low and high molecular weight PAHs were lower than the median and low effective range values (ERM and ERL). The computed total TEQ value varied from 0.102 to 4.129 ng/g in the sediment samples under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hassaan
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El Nemr
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Amany El Sikaily
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Safaa Ragab
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Belahmadi MSO, Charchar N, Abdessemed A, Gherib A. Impact of petroleum refinery on aquatic ecosystem of Skikda Bay (Algeria): Diversity and abundance of viable bacterial strains. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 188:114704. [PMID: 36860027 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a study on the impact of petroleum refinery effluents on the bacterial load and diversity of the aquatic ecosystem in Skikda Bay (Algeria). The results showed a large spatiotemporal variation in the isolated bacterial species. This difference between stations and seasons could be attributed to environmental factors and to the pollution rate at the different sampling sites. Statistical analysis results showed that physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity and salinity have a very significant effect on the microbial load (p < 0.001), while hydrocarbon pollution has a significant effect on the diversity of bacterial species (p < 0.05). In total 75 bacteria were isolated from six sampling sites during the four seasons. A significant spatiotemporal richness and diversity was observed in water samples. A total of 42 strains belonging to 18 bacterial genera were identified. Most of these genera belong to the class of Proteobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nabil Charchar
- Biotechnology Research Centre, BPE 73, Ali Mendjeli, Nouvelle Ville, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ala Abdessemed
- Biotechnology Research Centre, BPE 73, Ali Mendjeli, Nouvelle Ville, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Abdelfettah Gherib
- Biotechnology Research Centre, BPE 73, Ali Mendjeli, Nouvelle Ville, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
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12
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Arruda-Santos RHD, Costa BVMD, Carvalho PSMD, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Sewage contamination assessment in an urbanized tropical estuary in Northeast Brazil using elemental, isotopic and molecular proxies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120726. [PMID: 36427820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Capibaribe Estuarine System (CES) is a tropical estuary located within a densely populated metropolitan region in the Brazilian Northeast, providing multiple ecosystem services including artisanal fisheries, tourism, and navigation. A significant load of domestic and industrial effluents is causing visible environmental degradation that needs to be characterized. This study evaluated the degree of contamination by domestic sewage and the relative contribution of organic carbon (OC) sources in sediments, measuring carbon-to-nitrogen atomic (C/N)a ratios, δ13C of OC, and linear alkylbenzene concentrations (LAB). The SIAR mixing model indicated that estuarine phytoplankton and sewage contribute 73% and 22% to OC, respectively, based on sedimentary (C/N)a ratios that varied from 8.5 to 13, and δ13C ranging from -25.21 to -21.63‰. This suggests that eutrophication of CES is triggered by sewage inflow. The CES was moderately contaminated by LAB, and the highest concentrations observed in the inner portion, from 287 to 1349 ng g-1 dry weight, suggests the retention of sewage. The mixing isotopic model indicated a significant dilution process of sewage-derived OC by estuarine phytoplankton. The lowest LAB in the lower estuary (317-320 ng g-1 dw) probably resulted from marine dilution. Principal component analysis demonstrated that mud regulates sedimentary OC content, and that the sewage plume regulates sedimentary LAB. High degradation of LAB isomers probably reflects the net heterotrophic condition of this system, also suggesting these compounds are introduced into CES partially degraded. Our results pointed out that degraded OM is a result of chronic and long-term sewage input. Considering the implications of sewage pollution to environmental and public health, there is an urgent need of better policies to improve domestic effluent treatment capacity, reducing contamination of estuarine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanny Helen de Arruda-Santos
- Departmento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura S/n, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Varella Motta da Costa
- Departmento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura S/n, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-550, Brazil.
| | | | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departmento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura S/n, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-550, Brazil.
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13
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da Silva RB, Dos Santos GAP, de Farias ALL, França DAA, Cavalcante RA, Zanardi-Lamardo E, de Souza JRB, Esteves AM. Effects of PAHs on meiofauna from three estuaries with different levels of urbanization in the South Atlantic. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14407. [PMID: 36518285 PMCID: PMC9744168 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Estuarine environments are suggested to be the final receivers of human pollution and are impacted by surrounding urbanization and compounds carried by the river waters that flow from the continent. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the contaminants that can reach estuaries and can directly affect marine conservation, being considered highly deleterious to organisms living in these environments. This research investigated the meiofauna of three estuaries exposed to different levels of urbanization and consequently different levels of PAH concentrations, in order to assess how these compounds and environmental factors affect the distribution, structure and diversity of these interstitial invertebrates. A total of 15 major meiofauna groups were identified, with Nematoda being the dominant taxon (74.64%), followed by Copepoda (9.55%) and Polychaeta (8.56%). It was possible to observe significant differences in all diversity indices studied in the estuaries. With the exception of average density, the diversity indices (richness, Shannon index and evenness) were higher in the reference estuary, Goiana estuarine system (GES). On the other hand, the Timbó estuarine system (TES) had the lowest Shannon index value and richness, while the Capibaribe estuarine system (CES) had the lowest evenness value. The latter two estuaries (TES and CES) presented intermediate and high levels of urbanization, respectively. The ecological quality assessment (EcoQ) in the studied estuaries was classified from Poor to Moderate and the estuary with the lowest demographic density in its surroundings, GES, showed a better ecological quality (Moderate EcoQ). A significant distance-based multivariate linear modelling regression (DistLM) was observed between the environmental variables and the density of the meiobenthic community, where PAHs and pH were the main contributors to organism variation. The sediments were characterized by predominance of very fine sand and silt-clay in the most polluted environments, while the control site environment (GES) was dominated by medium grains. The highest concentrations of PAHs were found in the most urbanized estuaries, and directly affected the structure of the interstitial benthic community. The metrics used in the present study proved to be adequate for assessing the environmental quality of the investigated estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan B. da Silva
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Giovanni A. P. Dos Santos
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza L. de Farias
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Débora A. A. França
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raianne Amorim Cavalcante
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Campus Recife, Technology and Geoscience Center, Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jose Roberto Botelho de Souza
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Andre M. Esteves
- Campus Recife, Center for Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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14
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Souza MCO, Rocha BA, Adeyemi JA, Nadal M, Domingo JL, Barbosa F. Legacy and emerging pollutants in Latin America: A critical review of occurrence and levels in environmental and food samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157774. [PMID: 35932867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The increase and indiscriminate use of personal care products, food products, fertilizers, pesticides, and health products, among others, have resulted/are resulting in extensive environmental contamination. Most of these products contain traces of widespread chemicals, usually known as emerging pollutants (EPs) or pollutants of emerging concern (PEC). The Latin American (LA) region comprises 20 countries with different social and cultural aspects, with 81 % of the population living in urban areas. The LA region has some countries on the top list of users/consumers of EPs, from pesticides and fertilizers to personal care products. However, there is a gap in information related to the distribution of EPs in the environment of this region, with very few existing review texts exploring this issue. Therefore, this present paper advances this approach. An exhaustive literature review, with the selection of 176 documents, provided unique up-to-date information on the presence/distribution of 17 classes of legacy or emerging pollutants in different food and environmental matrices (soil, sediment, water, and air). The study shows that the wide distribution and recorded levels of these pollutants in the continental environment are potential risks to human health, mainly through food and drinking water ingestion. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are pollutants of deep public concern since they show carcinogenic properties. Several classes of pollutants, like endocrine disruptors, have caused harmful effects on humans and the environment. Besides that, pharmaceutical products and pesticides are compounds of high consumption worldwide, being environmental contamination a real and ongoing possibility. Finally, gaps and future research needs are deeply pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903 Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903 Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Martí Nadal
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Luis Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903 Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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15
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Souza MCO, Rocha BA, Ximenez JPB, Devóz PP, Santana A, Campíglia AD, Barbosa F. Urinary levels of monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Brazilian children and health risk assessment: a human biomonitoring-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47298-47309. [PMID: 35178633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a public health concern. Children are a vulnerable subgroup of the population with limited human biomonitoring data worldwide. Thus, this study aimed to measure the levels of seven PAH metabolites in urine from Brazilian children and provide risk assessment values for this exposure. Our data show naphthalene was the major contributor to children's exposure to PAHs, with a 100% detection rate. Children in urban regions presented higher exposure to PAHs, with higher concentrations of 2-naphthol in the southeast (1.09 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the highest concentration of 2-naphthol was found in older children (p = 0.02), suggesting a possible difference in dietary habits. Exposure to the carbaryl insecticide is suggested based on the high concentrations of 1-naphthol (1.29 ng/mL) and considering the ratio 1-naphthol/2-naphthol (1.78). Moreover, the positive correlation between the metabolites of fluorine and pyrene also suggests exposure to PAHs by petrol combustion. The risk assessment of the PAH exposure was evaluated using the estimated daily intake (EDI) for two naphthalene metabolites in the study with a 100% detection rate. The EDI was 14.47 ng/kg BW/day. The risk assessment to the PAH exposure revealed a non-carcinogenic risk profile, with a hazard quotient of 0.71. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to provide levels of PAHs in Brazilian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bianchi Ximenez
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Paula Picoli Devóz
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Anthony Santana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
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16
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Fernandes GM, Martins DA, Dos Santos RP, de Santiago IS, Nascimento LS, Oliveira AHB, Yamamoto FY, Cavalcante RM. Levels, source appointment, and ecological risk of petroleum hydrocarbons in tropical coastal ecosystems (northeast Brazil): Baseline for future monitoring programmes of an oil spill area. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 296:118709. [PMID: 34942290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed 20 years of levels, sources, and environmental risks related to the main petroleum hydrocarbons in the northeast region of Brazil. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to serve as a comprehensive baseline for future monitoring programmes related to the oil spill disaster in 2019/2020. Most contamination levels of both PAHs and AHs were classified as low, except those in specific areas influenced by human activities, such as ports, highly urbanised mangroves, or rivers of medium-sized cities with inadequate liquid and solid waste treatment. Most hydrocarbons were linked to natural sources and burning processes, except in regions of extraction activities and petrochemical facilities as well as highly urbanised areas, where degraded petroleum and oil hydrocarbons predominated. Only 2.5% of the samples exceeded threshold effect levels for ∑16-PAHs and no samples exceeded probable effect levels. When regional threshold levels were used, however, the probable effect for the ∑16-PAHs measured was high, ranging from 5.8 to 6.1%. The few studies reporting biological responses showed that hydrocarbons from anthropogenic sources can induce adverse effects on marine organisms even at low to moderate levels. As the region has recently received a considerable quantity of crude oil, studies should be prioritised for a more precise assessment of the impact of this oil spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle M Fernandes
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Davi A Martins
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Dos Santos
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ithala S de Santiago
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lorena S Nascimento
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - André H B Oliveira
- Environmental Studies Laboratory (LEA), Federal University of Ceará - Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Dpto, Campus do Pici s/n, Bloco 938/939, Brazil
| | - Flávia Y Yamamoto
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Rivelino M Cavalcante
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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17
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Magalhães KM, Carreira RS, Rosa Filho JS, Rocha PP, Santana FM, Yogui GT. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fishery resources affected by the 2019 oil spill in Brazil: Short-term environmental health and seafood safety. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113334. [PMID: 35091343 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present herein a short-term impact on marketed fisheries and human health safety in the first three months following the 2019 oil spill in Brazil. Total PAHs in the edible tissues of 34 finfish and shellfish species ranged from 8.71 to 418 ng g-1 wet weight, with robust evidence supporting crude oil contamination. A prevalence of low molecular weight PAHs was observed, mainly naphthalenes. A decreasing trend in mean total PAHs from mollusks (134 ng g-1) to crustaceans (73.9 ng g-1) and to fishes (45.3 ng g-1) was noted. The spilled oil caused immediate negative impacts on the local seafood market, despite less than 3% of samples exhibited concentrations above levels of concern, revealing a low probability for human health risks. These findings demonstrate that governments must be prepared to provide not only science-based quick responses but also effective science communication for society upon environmental disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Matos Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, R. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n - Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE CEP.52171-900, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, R. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n - Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE CEP.52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Renato Silva Carreira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Química, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP.22453-900, Brazil
| | - José Souto Rosa Filho
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Av. Arquitetura, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE CEP.50740-550, Brazil
| | - Pedro Palmeira Rocha
- Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco - IPA, Av. Gen. San Martin, 1371 - Bongi, Recife, PE CEP.50761-000, Brazil
| | - Francisco Marcante Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, R. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n - Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE CEP.52171-900, Brazil; Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, s/n, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Av. Arquitetura, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE CEP.50740-550, Brazil
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18
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Müller MN, Yogui GT, Gálvez AO, Gustavo de Sales Jannuzzi L, Fidelis de Souza Filho J, de Jesus Flores Montes M, Mendes de Castro Melo PA, Neumann-Leitão S, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Cellular accumulation of crude oil compounds reduces the competitive fitness of the coral symbiont Symbiodinium glynnii. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117938. [PMID: 34391045 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oil spill events in the marine environment can have a deleterious impact on the affected ecosystems, such as coral reefs, with direct consequences for their socioeconomic value. The mutualistic relationship between tropical corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) provide structural and nutritional basis for a high local biodiversity in oligotrophic waters. Here, we investigated effects of crude oil water-accommodated fraction on the competitive fitness of the model zooxanthellae species Symbiodinium glynnii. Results of laboratory essays demonstrate that crude oil carbon is incorporated into the cellular biomass with a concomitant change of δ13C isotopic value. Carcinogenic/mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified in the culture media and were responsible for a linear reduction in population growth of S. glynnii, presumably related to energy relocation for DNA repair. Additionally, the experiments revealed that physiological effects induced by crude oil compounds are genetically inherited by the following generations under non-contaminated growth conditions, and induce a reduction in the competitive fitness to cope with other environmental parameters, such as low salinity. We suggest that the effects of crude oil contamination represent an imparing factor for S. glynnii coping with anthropogenic drivers (e.g. warming and acidification) and interfere with the delicate symbiont-host relationship of tropical corals. This is especially relevant in the coastal areas of northeastern Brazil where an oil spill event deposited crude oil on shallow water sediments with the potential to be resuspended to the water column by physical and/or biological activity, enhancing the risk of future coral bleaching events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Nils Müller
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Olivera Gálvez
- Department of Fishing and Aquaculture, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Sigrid Neumann-Leitão
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-550, Brazil
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Liu S, Ryu D, Webb JA, Lintern A, Guo D, Waters D, Western AW. A multi-model approach to assessing the impacts of catchment characteristics on spatial water quality in the Great Barrier Reef catchments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117337. [PMID: 34000444 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water quality monitoring programs often collect large amounts of data with limited attention given to the assessment of the dominant drivers of spatial and temporal water quality variations at the catchment scale. This study uses a multi-model approach: a) to identify the influential catchment characteristics affecting spatial variability in water quality; and b) to predict spatial variability in water quality more reliably and robustly. Tropical catchments in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) area, Australia, were used as a case study. We developed statistical models using 58 catchment characteristics to predict the spatial variability in water quality in 32 GBR catchments. An exhaustive search method coupled with multi-model inference approaches were used to identify important catchment characteristics and predict the spatial variation in water quality across catchments. Bootstrapping and cross-validation approaches were used to assess the uncertainty in identified important factors and robustness of multi-model structure, respectively. The results indicate that water quality variables were generally most influenced by the natural characteristics of catchments (e.g., soil type and annual rainfall), while anthropogenic characteristics (i.e., land use) also showed significant influence on dissolved nutrient species (e.g., NOX, NH4 and FRP). The multi-model structures developed in this work were able to predict average event-mean concentration well, with Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient ranging from 0.68 to 0.96. This work provides data-driven evidence for catchment managers, which can help them develop effective water quality management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuci Liu
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - J Angus Webb
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Anna Lintern
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia; Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Danlu Guo
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - David Waters
- Queensland Department of Resources, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia
| | - Andrew W Western
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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20
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Alves RN, Mariz CF, de Melo Alves MK, Cavalcanti MGN, de Melo TJB, de Arruda-Santos RH, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Carvalho PSM. Contamination and Toxicity of Surface Waters Along Rural and Urban Regions of the Capibaribe River in Tropical Northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:3063-3077. [PMID: 34324728 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Capibaribe River provides water to a population of 1.7 million people in the Brazilian northeast, while receiving agricultural runoff and industrial and domestic effluents along its 280 km. The present study evaluated the ecotoxicity of surface waters along ten sites in rural and urban areas using zebrafish (Danio rerio) early-life stages and related it to water quality indices and chemical abiotic variables. Lethality rates, delays in embryo-larval development quantified by the general morphology score (GMS), and frequencies of developmental abnormalities were analyzed. A correlation was detected between zebrafish GMS and water quality index (WQI), sensitivity to domestic sewage contamination, and trophic state index, focused on eutrophication. These indices agreed in identifying a spatial pattern of smaller impact in terms of ecotoxicity, domestic sewage contamination, and eutrophication risk at three sites in rural areas (mean GMS 16.9), an intermediate impact at four sites with urban and agricultural influence (mean GMS 16.4), and greatest impacts at three more urbanized sites (mean GMS 14.9). Most frequent developmental abnormalities included noninflation of the swim bladder, delayed hatching, nonprotrusion of the mouth, blood stasis, and nondevelopment of pectoral fins. Toxic NH3 concentrations varied spatially, with higher concentrations in urban sites; and blood stasis correlated positively with NH3 , suggesting a causal relationship. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in both rural and urbanized sites, contributing to detected toxicity. The present study demonstrates the potential of zebrafish early-life stages as an ecotoxicological model that may contribute to a better understanding of surface water quality and ecotoxicity in tropical river systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3063-3077. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romulo Nepomuceno Alves
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Célio Freire Mariz
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Roxanny Helen de Arruda-Santos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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21
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Souza MRR, Suzarte JS, Carmo LO, Santos E, Soares LS, Júnior ARV, Santos LGGV, Krause LC, Damasceno FC, Frena M, Alexandre MR. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in three environmental components from a tropical estuary in Northeast Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112726. [PMID: 34343757 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of occurrence, risk quotient (RQ), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and sources of PAH was conducted in Sergipe-Poxim estuarine system. PAH distribution that ranged from 7.1 to 30.9 ng L-1 (surface water, SW), 5.4 to 19.5 ng g-1 (sediment, S), and 4.3 to 18.1 ng g-1 (oyster, O), characterized the environment with low contamination; 2-3 (SW), 5-6 (S), and 4 (O) PAH rings accounted for 54.5%, 68.7%, and 87.7%, respectively, along with naphthalene (SW), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (S), and pyrene (O) as the prevailing compounds. PCA suggested the predominance of particular groups related to SW (LMW-PAH), S (HMW-PAH), and O (pyrene and fluoranthene). Furthermore, one sample of O presented a high PAH bioavailability as shown through the BAF, with emphasis on pyrene (BAF = 26.8). The RQ showed a low to moderate range in SW and S; hence, in-depth information about the possible toxic effect in organisms of this region is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel R R Souza
- Tiradentes University, Industrial Biotechnology Graduate Program, Aracaju, Sergipe SE 49032-490, Brazil.
| | - Jaiane S Suzarte
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Laiane O Carmo
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ewerton Santos
- Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Science, Providence, RI 02912, United States of America
| | - Laiane S Soares
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Antônio R V Júnior
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Lukas G G V Santos
- Sergipe Technology Research Institute, Aracaju, Sergipe, SE 49020-380, Brazil
| | - Laiza C Krause
- Tiradentes University, Industrial Biotechnology Graduate Program, Aracaju, Sergipe SE 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Flaviana C Damasceno
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Morgana Frena
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Chemistry Department, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Alexandre
- Federal University of Sergipe, Chemistry Department, São Cristóvão, Sergipe SE 49100-000, Brazil; Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Science, Providence, RI 02912, United States of America
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22
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Pradhap D, Gandhi KS, Krishnakumar S, Neelavannan K, Radhakrishnan K, Saravanan P. Baseline distributions and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in reef-associated sediments of Vembar group of Islands, Gulf of Mannar, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112727. [PMID: 34340147 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the source and concentration of PAH fractions in the reef sediments of the Vembar group of Islands, Gulf of Mannar, India. The concentration of PAHs ranged from 0.36 to 15.98 ng/g. The reef environment was less contaminated with low-molecular-weight PAH fractions. The accumulation of the LMW-PAH fraction was very less, whereas the HMW fraction was derived from pyrolytic sources. The level of low and high molecular weight PAHs was lower than the level of Effective Range Median (ERM) and Effective Range Low (ERL).The calculated total TEQ value ranged from ND to 10.24 ng/g in the reef sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pradhap
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sanjai Gandhi
- Department of Geology, Periyar University, PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri 636701, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Krishnakumar
- Department of Geology, Malankara Catholic college, Mariyagiri, Kaliyakkavilai, Kanyakumari District 629153, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Neelavannan
- Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India; Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, UP 208016, India
| | - K Radhakrishnan
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Saravanan
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Melo LED, de Paulo DV, Montagner CC, Carvalho PSM. Behavioral and reproductive effects in Poecilia vivipara males from a tropical estuary affected by estrogenic contaminants. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 169:112543. [PMID: 34062326 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of aquatic habitats by endocrine disruptor chemicals is a major concern globally. This study evaluated histochemical, behavioral, and reproductive effects on adult male Poecilia vivipara sampled from Capibaribe River Estuarine System (CRES), compared to laboratory control males after breeding with virgin control females. CRES is contaminated by a mixture of estrogenic contaminants estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol, 17α-Ethinylestradiol, bisphenol A and caffeine in concentrations averaging 13.9; 4.2; 19.5; 8.6; 27 and 23.2 ng L-1, respectively. Estrogenic risk in 17β-estradiol-equivalent-concentrations is above probable no effect concentrations. Males sampled from CRES indicated liver phosphoprotein induction, decreased number of contacts and copulation attempts when paired with control females, slower swimming speed and lower female impregnation success rates, compared to control males. A reduction of 62% in fecundity was observed in control females paired with field sampled males compared with control males. Our results highlight hazards posed to fish reproduction by estrogenic micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Estela de Melo
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE, 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Driele Ventura de Paulo
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE, 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Cassiana C Montagner
- Laboratório de Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE, 50670-920, Brazil.
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24
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Silva JS, Alves RN, de Paulo DV, Mariz CF, Melo Alves MKD, Carvalho PSM. Biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and enzymatic biomarkers in Eugerres brasilianus along four tropical estuaries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111919. [PMID: 33360723 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in bile and biochemical biomarkers were evaluated in Brazilian mojarra Eugerres brasilianus along four estuaries in northeastern Brazil. Bile PAHs naphthalene, phenanthrene chrysene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene were lowest at Formoso River Estuarine System (FRES), an area with low population density focused on tourism. Fish sampled in Suape Estuarine Complex (SEC), where a growing industrial port complex is established indicated higher naphthalene and pyrene concentrations compared with FRES. Fish sampled in highly urbanized and populated Bacia do Pina Estuarine Complex (BPEC) and Barra de Jangada Estuarine System (BJES) indicated an increase in all PAHs compared to FRES. Activities of phase 1 Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, phase 2 glutathione-S-transferase and antioxidant defense catalase were induced up to 20, 2 and 2-fold in BJES and BPEC compared to FRES. This study confirms E. brasilianus as an important sentinel species, providing baseline information for these tropical estuaries with different degrees of anthropogenic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Scanoni Silva
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Romulo Nepomuceno Alves
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Driele Ventura de Paulo
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Célio Freire Mariz
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolaine de Melo Alves
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE 50670-920, Brazil
| | - Paulo S M Carvalho
- Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, PE 50670-920, Brazil.
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25
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Pichler N, Maria de Souza F, Ferreira Dos Santos V, Martins CC. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments of the amazon coast: Evidence for localized sources in contrast to massive regional biomass burning. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115958. [PMID: 33176946 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Amazon coastal zone has become contaminated with organic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, information about their distribution and sources in this area is scarce, despite increasing deforestation and oil exploitation. Therefore, individual PAHs were analysed in the sediments of the Oyapock estuary, which is located in the Amazon coastal zone. This study provides information about the spatial and short-term temporal distributions of PAHs and discusses the major sources of PAHs to better understand the anthropogenic processes occurring in adjacent areas. The concentrations of all sixteen priority PAHs defined by the US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency, ∑16PAHs) ranged from 10.9 to 138.8 ng g-1 with a mean and standard deviation = 37.9 ± 20.5 and indicated that this estuary is not contaminated, while the mean levels were similar to those found in other Amazon regions and pristine areas along the coast of Brazil. No significant differences were found in the sedimentary PAHs levels between the wet and dry sampling campaigns, despite the different climatic conditions. Diagnostic ratios, positive matrix factorization (PMF) and cluster analysis have shown that the majority of the investigated PAHs were derived from combustion processes (at least 55.1%, as estimated by the PMF model). Localized source inputs from oil and its by-products concomitantly with natural/biogenic sources appear to be secondary sources. The PAH contribution from biomass and wood combustion was approximately 13.6% and was relatively lower than other regions of the Amazon that are undergoing massive biomass burning. As the first study of PAHs in this region, this study provides vital information on the healthy state of the estuary and can serve as a baseline for assessing the impacts of acute oil disasters or the chronic input of PAHs as a result of human settlements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Pichler
- Centro de Estudos Do Mar, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal Do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Ghent University, St. Pietersnieuwstraat 33, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fernanda Maria de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas Do Estado Do Amapá, Centro de Pesquisas Aquáticas, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, S/n, Fazendinha, 68903-197, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Valdenira Ferreira Dos Santos
- Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas Do Estado Do Amapá, Centro de Pesquisas Aquáticas, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, S/n, Fazendinha, 68903-197, Macapá, AP, Brazil; Universidade Federal Do Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - César C Martins
- Centro de Estudos Do Mar, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal Do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
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Metals, n-Alkanes, Hopanes, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Sediments from Three Amazonian Streams Crossing Manaus (Brazil). CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry2020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollution is increasing in the Amazon region and its real impact is still unclear. Since this region is of great interest to the global community, this study aimed to assess geochemical biomarkers and metals in sediments from three streams crossing Manaus, a Brazilian city of 2.1 million inhabitants located in the heart of the Amazon rainforest. The Mindu and Quarenta streams criss-cross the urban area of Manaus and receive domestic effluents from many heavily populated districts. In addition, the Quarenta stream is subjected to effluents from the industrial district of Manaus. The Tarumã-Açu stream is mostly covered by vegetation, although the region presents some occurrence of family farming, floating petrol station, marinas, and floating restaurants and bars. n-Alkanes were determined by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID), whereas hopanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The metals Ag, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after microwave-assisted acid digestion. Concentrations of total PAHs and metals were higher in sediments from the urban streams Mindu and Quarenta because of the occurrence of more intense and diverse sources of pollution. In addition, some sediment samples from both these streams presented concentrations of fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and metals higher than the limits of low probability of adverse effects on biota established by the international guideline and by the Brazilian legislation. A similar total n-alkane concentration for sediments from all streams associated with profiles of n-alkanes with no odd/even hydrocarbon predominance suggests that biomass burning is an important source of hydrocarbons. Petroleum-derived products also represented a source for n-alkanes, as confirmed by the presence of α,β-hopanes, including an α,β-homohopane series from C31 to C35 with the presence of both 22S and 22R epimers. This is the first report on n-alkanes, PAHs, and hopanes in sediments from the Mindu, Quarenta, and Tarumã-Açu streams. The concentrations reported herein may be considered as baseline data in future monitoring programs of these streams.
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Zanardi-Lamardo E, Mitra S, Vieira-Campos AA, Cabral CB, Yogui GT, Sarkar SK, Biswas JK, Godhantaraman N. Distribution and sources of organic contaminants in surface sediments of Hooghly river estuary and Sundarban mangrove, eastern coast of India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 146:39-49. [PMID: 31426172 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDT-related pesticides in surface sediments of Hooghly estuary and the Sundarban mangrove wetlands. Concentrations of ∑17PAH, ∑182PCB and ∑6DDT ranged from 15.4 to 1731, not detected (nd) to 13.5 and nd to 8.97 ng g-1 dry weight, respectively. Low levels of PCBs and low to moderate concentrations of DDTs and PAHs reflected recent development in West Bengal, which was dominated by agriculture and multifarious industries in the past. Diagnostic ratios suggested that major sources of PAHs are combustion processes, DDTs are input by agriculture, antifouling paints and public health campaigns, and organochlorines are predominantly from industrial origin. Heavier PCB congeners suggest local sources and short-range transport of such chemicals. Decision makers may use these findings for managing the Hooghly River watershed in order to promote a sustainable development on the eastern coast of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Soumita Mitra
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 700019, India
| | - Amanda Alves Vieira-Campos
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carolina Barbosa Cabral
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Santosh Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 700019, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, India
| | - Nallamuthu Godhantaraman
- UGC Human Resource Development Centre & Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Madras, Chepauk Campus, Chennai 600 005, India
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Vieira LM, Rizzi J, do Couto EV, Souza DC, Ferreira PAL, Figueira R, Froehner S. Historical Pollution of an Urban Watershed Based in Geochemical, Geoacumulation, and EROD Activity in PLHC-1 Analyses in Sediment Cores. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 76:191-205. [PMID: 30310949 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-0573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the environmental changes over the past 100 years in the Cambé River watershed in Southern Brazil were investigated. For this, a sediment core was collected to examine the distribution of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and ecotoxicological markers. The core corresponds from 1914 to 2012, which was obtained by the decay of 210Pb. Changes in the study area also were examined by: Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF), sediment quality guidelines (SGQs), and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in Poeciliopsis lucida hepatocellular carcinoma (PLHC-1) cells line. The Σ16 PAHs ranged from 242.6 to 40,775 ng g-1, with pyrogenic source at the beginning of the core, which likely corresponds to the burning of forests to establish the city and the later use of fossil fuels from 1960 to 2012. In the 1930s, most of metals presented a concentration below the background. After the 1930s, high concentrations can be associated with the intense use of fertilizers (Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg) and increases in urban traffic (Zn and Pb). Igeo showed that the distribution of Cu is considered moderately to strongly polluted, and the EF of Pb was considered as moderately polluted. Statistical analyses showed a strong relation between the presence of the ANP, FLU, PHE, BaP, IND, and Bghi compounds and the induction of EROD activity, and no correlation with heavy metals. A prediction model for the linear regression was obtained between the ANP and BaP concentrations and the EROD activity, with an accuracy of 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Vieira
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Parana, Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-899, Brazil.
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - J Rizzi
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - E V do Couto
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Parana, Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-899, Brazil
| | - D C Souza
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Parana, Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Campo Mourão, PR, 87301-899, Brazil
| | - P A L Ferreira
- Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, Oceanographic Square, 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - R Figueira
- Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, Oceanographic Square, 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - S Froehner
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
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NILIN JEAMYLLE, SANTOS ANDERSONA, NASCIMENTO MEGGIEK. Ecotoxicology assay for the evaluation of environmental water quality in a tropical urban estuary. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 91:e20180232. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820180232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JEAMYLLE NILIN
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe/UFS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe/UFS, Brazil
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Lima ARB, Torres RA, Jacobina UP, Pinheiro MAA, Adam ML. Genomic damage in Mugil curema (Actinopterygii: Mugilidae) reveals the effects of intense urbanization on estuaries in northeastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 138:63-69. [PMID: 30660314 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The largest metropolitan centers in northeastern region of Brazil are all located near the coast, and industrial, tourist, and agro-industrial activities are the principal causes of water contamination due to discharges of untreated sewage. Adverse environmental conditions can often be detected by analyzing the genetic material of organisms exposed to pollutants, and furnish an overview of environmental quality. We evaluated possible damage to the DNA of one of the fish resources most widely consumed and commercialized by coastal communities in northeastern Brazil, Mugil curema ("tainha"). Erythrocytes from M. curema were analyzed by the presence of micronuclei and by comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis, SCGE). Statistical comparisons to both tests revealed considerably greater genomic damage in polluted estuaries than in the control site (p < 0.05), suggesting strong genotoxic impacts on the specimens evaluated, principally among those taken near localities with dense demographic and industrial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson R B Lima
- Centro de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - PPGCB, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental- LAGEA, Rua Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo A Torres
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental- LAGEA, Rua Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Uedson P Jacobina
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental- LAGEA, Rua Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A A Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Biologia de Crustáceos - Praça Infante D. Henrique, s/n, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista (CLP), São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mônica L Adam
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - CAV, Rua do Alto do Reservatório, s/n, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
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31
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Régis CG, Souza-Santos LP, Yogui GT, Moraes AS, Schettini CAF. Use of Tisbe biminiensis nauplii in ecotoxicological tests and geochemical analyses to assess the sediment quality of a tropical urban estuary in northeastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 137:45-55. [PMID: 30503455 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An approach pooling geochemical analyses and ecotoxicological tests has been applied to assess the sediment quality of the Capibaribe River Estuary, Brazil. Toxicity tests were performed to compare a well-established, labor-intensive protocol using ovigerous females to a new, easier and faster protocol using nauplii of the epibenthic marine copepod Tisbe biminiensis. The endpoints of the nauplii toxicity test were comparable to those of the female test. Nauplii proved to be more sensitive than females as a biological model for indicating sediment toxicity. All sediments collected had at least one contaminant above the threshold effects level (TEL) proposed in the literature. Furthermore, more than one-third of samples exhibited contaminants above the probable effects level (PEL). The PCA revealed that nauplii mortality was associated with metals in October 2014, which was confirmed by the Spearman correlation factor. In contrast, no strong association among contaminants and toxicological endpoints in May 2015 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Glasner Régis
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Lília Pereira Souza-Santos
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alex Souza Moraes
- Unidade Acadêmica Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rodovia Br-101 Sul 5225, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco 54510-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto França Schettini
- Laboratório de Hidrodinâmica Costeira, Departamento de Oceanografi, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-550, Brazil
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Arruda-Santos RHD, Schettini CAF, Yogui GT, Maciel DC, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Sources and distribution of aromatic hydrocarbons in a tropical marine protected area estuary under influence of sugarcane cultivation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:935-944. [PMID: 29275256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Goiana estuary is a well preserved marine protected area (MPA) located on the northeastern coast of Brazil. Despite its current state, human activities in the watershed represent a potential threat to long term local preservation. Dissolved/dispersed aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in water and sediments across the estuarine salt gradient. Concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons was low in all samples. According to results, aromatic hydrocarbons are associated to suspended particulate matter (SPM) carried to the estuary by river waters. An estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) was identified in the upper estuary, indicating that both sediments and contaminants are trapped prior to an occasional export to the adjacent sea. PAHs distribution in sediments were associated with organic matter and mud content. Diagnostic ratios indicated pyrolytic processes as the main local source of PAHs that are probably associated with sugarcane burning and combustion engines. Low PAH concentrations probably do not cause adverse biological effects to the local biota although their presence indicate anthropogenic contamination and pressure on the Goiana estuary MPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Recife, PE CEP: 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Daniele Claudino Maciel
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Recife, PE CEP: 50740-550, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Recife, PE CEP: 50740-550, Brazil.
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33
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Maciel DC, Castro ÍB, de Souza JRB, Yogui GT, Fillmann G, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Assessment of organotins and imposex in two estuaries of the northeastern Brazilian coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 126:473-478. [PMID: 29421128 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Butyltin compounds (BTs) were used worldwide, especially because of their properties as biocides. Due to its high toxicity, the use of tributyltin (TBT) in antifouling paints has been prohibited in most countries. The occurrence and impact of BTs were assessed in surface sediments and in Stramonita rustica populations of two tropical estuaries that host major ports in northeastern Brazil. ΣBT concentrations ranged from <LOQ to 542ngSng-1 dry weight in sediments while imposex was not observed in S. rustica. This is in contrast to previous studies that reported high incidence of imposex at the same sites. Butyltin degradation index indicates recent input of TBT at levels that might trigger imposex in gastropod species more sensitive than S. rustica. These results emphasize the need of more rigorous controls by local authorities since Brazil has restricted the use of TBT-based antifouling paints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Claudino Maciel
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas (IFAL), Campus Piranhas, Av. Sergipe, 1477, 57460-000 Piranhas, Alagoas, Brazil.
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Av. Almirante Saldanha da Gama, 89, Ponta da Praia, 11030-400 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Botelho de Souza
- Laboratório de Comunidades Marinhas (Lacmar), Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Gilberto Fillmann
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática (CONECO), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, s/n, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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34
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Pinheiro PPO, Massone CG, Carreira RS. Distribution, sources and toxicity potential of hydrocarbons in harbor sediments: A regional assessment in SE Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 120:6-17. [PMID: 28476352 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified in harbors sediments from SE Brazil. The aims were to (i) compare harbors with distinct sizes and under the influence of different environmental pressures with respect to the sources and level of hydrocarbon contamination and (ii) evaluate the potential of adverse biological effects of sediment contamination by PAHs, based on sediment quality guidelines and toxicity equivalence quotient. The concentrations of total aliphatics (39.9μgg-1; 22.9-113μgg-1) and total PAHs (727ngg-1; 366-1760ngg-1) varied according to the size of and urban development around each harbor. Mixed contamination by petrogenic and pyrolytic hydrocarbons, and input of biogenic compounds, indicated the influence of both harbor activities and a myriad of urban, industrial and atmospheric inputs. The quality of sediment poses a risk to benthic biological communities, and, if dredged, this material may cause environmental damage in the waste disposal area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro P O Pinheiro
- Grupo de Oceanografia Química e Geoquímica, Departamento de Pesquisas, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Marinha do Brasil, Arraial do Cabo, RJ 28930-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos G Massone
- LabMAM, Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Renato S Carreira
- LaGOM, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-013, Brazil.
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35
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Qian X, Liang B, Liu X, Liu X, Wang J, Liu F, Cui B. Distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from the Haihe River, a typical polluted urban river in Northern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:17153-17165. [PMID: 28585014 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The distribution, sources, and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in surface sediments from the Haihe River. Total PAH concentrations varied from 171.4 to 9511.2 ng g-1 with an average of 2125.4 ng g-1, suggesting serious pollution of the Haihe River in comparison with other reported rivers worldwide. PAH contaminants differed significantly among 17 sampling locations with high values occurring in industrial areas and densely populated areas. The composition of PAHs was characterized by high abundance of 4-ring and 5-ring PAHs, and benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene were the predominant components. Molecular diagnostic ratios have confirmed that PAHs in Haihe River sediments resulted from mixed sources, primarily including various combustion processes. Ecological risk assessment using the Sediments Quality Guidelines indicated that PAHs in sediments could cause certain negative effects on aquatic organisms in most survey regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qian
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Baocui Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Département Génie Mathématique, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rouen, Normandie, France
| | - Xinhui Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juan Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Cui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
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36
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Begliomini FN, Maciel DC, de Almeida SM, Abessa DM, Maranho LA, Pereira CS, Yogui GT, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Castro ÍB. Shell alterations in limpets as putative biomarkers for multi-impacted coastal areas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 226:494-503. [PMID: 28442267 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, shell alterations in gastropods have been proposed as tools to be used in monitoring programs. However, no studies were so far performed investigating the relationships among shell parameters and classical biomarkers of damage. The relationship between shell alterations (biometrics, shape and elemental composition) and biomarkers (LPO and DNA strand break) was evaluated in the limpet L. subrugosa sampled along a contamination gradient in a multi-impacted coastal zone from southeastern Brazil. Statistically significant differences were detected among sites under different pollution levels. The occurrence of shell malformations was consistent with environmental levels of several hazardous substances reported for the studied area and related to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. In addition, considering the low mobility, wide geographic distribution, ease of collection and abundance of limpets in coastal zones, this putative tool may be a cost-effective alternative to traditional biomarkers. Thus, shell alterations in limpets seem to be good proxies for assessing biological adverse effects in multi-impacted coastal zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Nincao Begliomini
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio Mendonça de Almeida
- Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Denis Moledo Abessa
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Alves Maranho
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Camilo Seabra Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil.
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37
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Assunção MA, Frena M, Santos APS, Dos Santos Madureira LA. Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments collected from mangroves with different levels of urbanization in southern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 119:439-445. [PMID: 28385511 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three mangroves located in southern Brazil, Carijós (CA), Rio Tavares (RT) and Itacorubi (ITA), with distinct anthropogenic influences, were assessed with regard to the presence of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In this study, the n-alkane concentrations ranged from 1.9μg g-1 (CA) to 55.6μg g-1 (ITA) (dry weight). The carbon preference index (CPI) ranged from 2.1 to 7.9 and values for the terrestrial/aquatic ratio (TAR) were >1. Thus, both indexes indicated the predominance of sediment of terrestrial origin, mainly comprised of higher plants. Concentrations of total PAH ranged from 6.8ng g-1 (RT) to 437.3ng g-1 (ITA). The PAH isomeric ratios indicated that these compounds originated mainly from pyrogenic sources. Nevertheless, levels of n-alkanes in the three mangroves were relatively low and they are considered typical of uncontaminated surface sediments, while the level of contamination with PAH was classified as low to moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Algarve Assunção
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Morgana Frena
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Stein Santos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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Birch GF. Assessment of human-induced change and biological risk posed by contaminants in estuarine/harbour sediments: Sydney Harbour/estuary (Australia). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 116:234-248. [PMID: 28088369 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, simple yet scientifically sound scheme providing two important types of information used in assessment of estuarine sediments is presented. The mean enrichment quotient (MEQ) (fine contemporary sediment metal concentration/fine fraction background metal concentration) for Cu, Pb and Zn provides the magnitude of human-induced change, (deviation from the pristine condition), while sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) assess the risk posed by sedimentary contaminants to the benthic community. Maximum metal enrichment for sediment in Sydney estuary (Australia) is >100 times for Cu, Pb and Zn and the MEQ is >10 times for most of the estuary. Adverse effect on benthic populations due to Cu, Pb and Zn are expected in 2%, 50% and 36% of the waterway, respectively. SQGs for contaminant mixtures predict ~2% of the estuary has the highest risk of adverse effects, while 25% has intermediate risk. The scheme is well suited to initial assessments of estuarine sediments worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Birch
- Environmental Geology Group, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Ramzi A, Habeeb Rahman K, Gireeshkumar TR, Balachandran KK, Jacob C, Chandramohanakumar N. Dynamics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments of Cochin estuary, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:1081-1087. [PMID: 27729110 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) showed significant seasonal dynamics in surface sediments of a tropical ecosystem (Cochin estuary, south west coast of India). Concentrations ranged from 304 to 5874ngg-1 in pre-monsoon, 493 to 14,149ngg-1 in monsoon, and 194 to 10,691ngg-1 in post-monsoon. The estuary was moderately contaminated with low molecular weight PAH fractions, which increased rapidly during the monsoon season indicating land/river runoff as the major transport pathway. The dominance of 2-3 ring fractions in the PAH indicated petrogenic and low temperature combustion processes as major sources, while the very low levels of 5-6 ring components indicated low contribution from pyrolytic sources. Low molecular weight fractions were higher in concentration than the Effective Range-Median (ERM) levels, whereas high molecular weight PAHs were lower than the Effective Range-Low values (ERL). Calculated carcinogenic toxicity equivalents (TEQ) values ranged from 1 to 971ngg-1 in the surface sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramzi
- Inter University Centre For Development of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682016, India.
| | - K Habeeb Rahman
- CSIR(-)National Institute of Oceanography Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam 530 017, India
| | - T R Gireeshkumar
- CSIR(-)National Institute of Oceanography Regional Centre, Kochi 682018, India
| | - K K Balachandran
- CSIR(-)National Institute of Oceanography Regional Centre, Kochi 682018, India
| | - Chacko Jacob
- Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682016, India
| | - N Chandramohanakumar
- Inter University Centre For Development of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682016, India; Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682016, India
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Maciel DC, de Souza JRB, Taniguchi S, Bícego MC, Schettini CAF, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Hydrocarbons in sediments along a tropical estuary-shelf transition area: Sources and spatial distribution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 113:566-571. [PMID: 27587231 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries generally act as sediment traps and may retain a range of contaminants associated to this matrix. Aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs) were investigated in Capibaribe Estuarine System and adjacent shelf, Northeast of Brazil, to evaluate the contamination and to better understand its functionality related to the coast. Fourteen sediment samples were analyzed, using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Total AHs concentrations ranged from 7.5 to 190.3μgg-1 and n-alkanes ranged from below detection limit (<DL) to 9.47μgg-1. The highest concentrations were in the upper portion of the estuary, which receives domestic and industrial effluents. The observed UCM and other geochemical markers, indicated contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons. The concentration decrease (about 90%) towards the adjacent shelf suggested an estuarine high retention capacity but dilution and degradation processes cannot be neglected. Similar AHs characteristics reported in sediments from the adjacent shelf suggested that this system may also export contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Claudino Maciel
- Grupo de Pesquisa sobre Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Arquitetura, s/n, 50740-550 Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - José Roberto Botelho de Souza
- Laboratório de Comunidades Marinhas (Lacmar), Departamento de Zoologia da da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Avenida Professor Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901 Recife, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Augusto França Schettini
- Laboratório de Hidrodinâmica Costeira, Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Arquitetura, s/n, 50740-550, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Grupo de Pesquisa sobre Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos (OrganoMAR), Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Arquitetura, s/n, 50740-550 Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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