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Lazov CM, Papetti A, Belsham GJ, Bøtner A, Rasmussen TB, Boniotti MB. Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Detection and Differentiation of Porcine Enteric Coronaviruses. Pathogens 2023; 12:1040. [PMID: 37624000 PMCID: PMC10457881 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It is important to be able to detect and differentiate between distinct porcine enteric coronaviruses that can cause similar diseases. However, the existence of naturally occurring recombinant coronaviruses such as swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) can give misleading results with currently used diagnostic methods. Therefore, we have developed and validated three duplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR assays for the simultaneous detection of, and differentiation between, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and SeCoV. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is also detected by two out of these three assays. In addition, a novel triplex assay was set up that was able to detect and differentiate between these alphacoronaviruses and the porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV). The validated assays have low limits of detection, close to 100% efficiency, and were able to correctly identify the presence of PEDV and SeCoV in 55 field samples, whereas 20 samples of other pathogens did not give a positive result. Implementing one or more of these multiplex assays into the routine diagnostic surveillance for PEDV will ensure that the presence of SeCoV, TGEV, and PDCoV will not go unnoticed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Lazov
- DTU Institute of Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, IZSLER, Reparto Tecnologie Biologiche Applicate, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigboejlen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Alice Papetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, IZSLER, Reparto Tecnologie Biologiche Applicate, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Graham J. Belsham
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigboejlen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anette Bøtner
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigboejlen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bruun Rasmussen
- Department of Virus & Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, 5 Artillerivej, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Beatrice Boniotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, IZSLER, Reparto Tecnologie Biologiche Applicate, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
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Zhou C, Liu Y, Wei Q, Chen Y, Yang S, Cheng A, Zhang G. HSPA5 Promotes Attachment and Internalization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus through Interaction with the Spike Protein and the Endo-/Lysosomal Pathway. J Virol 2023; 97:e0054923. [PMID: 37222617 PMCID: PMC10308931 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00549-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused huge economic losses to the global pig industry. The swine enteric coronavirus spike (S) protein recognizes various cell surface molecules to regulate viral infection. In this study, we identified 211 host membrane proteins related to the S1 protein by pulldown combined with liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Among these, heat shock protein family A member 5 (HSPA5) was identified through screening as having a specific interaction with the PEDV S protein, and positive regulation of PEDV infection was validated by knockdown and overexpression tests. Further studies verified the role of HSPA5 in viral attachment and internalization. In addition, we found that HSPA5 interacts with S proteins through its nucleotide-binding structural domain (NBD) and that polyclonal antibodies can block viral infection. In detail, HSPA5 was found to be involved in viral trafficking via the endo-/lysosomal pathway. Inhibition of HSPA5 activity during internalization would reduce the subcellular colocalization of PEDV with lysosomes in the endo-/lysosomal pathway. Together, these findings show that HSPA5 is a novel PEDV potential target for the creation of therapeutic drugs. IMPORTANCE PEDV infection causes severe piglet mortality and threatens the global pig industry. However, the complex invasion mechanism of PEDV makes its prevention and control difficult. Here, we determined that HSPA5 is a novel target for PEDV which interacts with its S protein and is involved in viral attachment and internalization, influencing its transport via the endo-/lysosomal pathway. Our work extends knowledge about the relationship between the PEDV S and host proteins and provides a new therapeutic target against PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjie Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suzhen Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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3
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Olech M. Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101074. [PMID: 36297131 PMCID: PMC9612268 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, is the etiological agent of an acute and devastating enteric disease that causes moderate-to-high mortality in suckling piglets. The accurate and early detection of PEDV infection is essential for the prevention and control of the spread of the disease. Many molecular assays have been developed for the detection of PEDV, including reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays. Additionally, several serological methods have been developed and are widely used for the detection of antibodies against PEDV. Some of them, such as the immunochromatography assay, can generate results very quickly and in field conditions. Molecular assays detect viral RNA in clinical samples rapidly, and with high sensitivity and specificity. Serological assays can determine prior immune exposure to PEDV, can be used to monitor the efficacy of vaccination strategies and may help to predict the duration of immunity in piglets. However, they are less sensitive than nucleic acid-based detection methods. Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) allow the analysis of PEDV cDNA or RNA sequences, and thus, provide highly specific results. Furthermore, NGS based on nonspecific DNA cleavage in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas systems promise major advances in the diagnosis of PEDV infection. The objective of this paper was to summarize the current serological and molecular PEDV assays, highlight their diagnostic performance and emphasize the advantages and drawbacks of the application of individual tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Olech
- Department of Pathology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
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4
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Luo Q, Zhang C, Chen Y, Chen H, Yang Y. Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharide 3 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus entry into IPEC-J2 cells. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:434-441. [PMID: 36126510 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is deadly for suckling piglets and is a significant threat to most pig farms. Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharide 3 (AOFP3) shows antiviral activity against PEDV. However, the anti-PEDV mechanism of AOFP3 is unknown. Entering the host cell is important for viral infection, and many drugs play antiviral roles by inhibiting this process. To understand the antiviral mechanism of AOFP3 against PEDV, the effect of AOFP3 on PEDV entering IPEC-J2 cells was investigated in the present study. Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence were used to study the effect of AOFP3 on PEDV binding and penetrating IPEC-J2 cells. The effect of PEDV on AOFP3 attachment to IPEC-J2 cells was also investigated. Afterward, the effect of AOFP3 on PEDV spike (S) protein binding to porcine aminopeptidase was tested by using coimmunoprecipitation, and the effect of AOFP3 on the cholesterol level of IPEC-J2 cells was detected. The results showed that AOFP3 competitively inhibited PEDV adsorption on IPEC-J2 cells by blocking PEDV S protein binding to porcine aminopeptidase in IPEC-J2 cells. Furthermore, AOFP3 decreased PEDV penetration into host cells by decreasing the cholesterol level in IPEC-J2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Luo
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Chenglong Zhang
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Huricha Chen
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
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Zhang L, Jiang Z, Zhou Z, Sun J, Yan S, Gao W, Shao Y, Bai Y, Wu Y, Yan Z, Sheng S, Lai A, Su S. A TaqMan Probe-Based Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Subtypes G1 and G2, and Porcine Rotavirus Groups A and C. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081819. [PMID: 36016441 PMCID: PMC9413770 DOI: 10.3390/v14081819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine viral diarrhea diseases affect the swine industry, resulting in significant economic losses. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) genotypes G1 and G2, and groups A and C of the porcine rotavirus, are major etiological agents of severe gastroenteritis and profuse diarrhea, particularly among piglets, with mortality rates of up to 100%. Based on the high prevalence rate and frequent co-infection of PEDV, RVA, and RVC, close monitoring is necessary to avoid greater economic losses. We have developed a multiplex TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR for the rapid simultaneous detection and differentiation of PEDV subtypes G1 and G2, RVA, and RVC. This test is highly sensitive, as the detection limits were 20 and 100 copies/μL for the G1 and G2 subtypes of PEDV, respectively, and 50 copies/μL for RVA and RVC, respectively. Eighty-eight swine clinical samples were used to evaluate this new test. The results were 100% in concordance with the standard methods. Since reassortment between porcine and human rotaviruses has been reported, this multiplex test not only provides a basis for the management of swine diarrheal viruses, but also has the potential to impact public health as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zitong Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiumeng Sun
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shiyu Yan
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenting Gao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuekun Shao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuhe Bai
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zefei Yan
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shouzhi Sheng
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Alexander Lai
- School of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, KY 40601, USA
| | - Shuo Su
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhou J, Ma Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Chen B, Chen D, Li L, Li M. Establishment of a duplex Taqman RT-PCR for the differential detection of RHDV GI.1 and GI.2. J Virol Methods 2022; 304:114526. [PMID: 35339577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a highly contagious and acute fatal hepatitis of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), caused by a calicivirus (genus Lagovirus). Up to 2010, all RHD viruses (RHDV) isolated belonged to one genotype. In 2010, a new genotype of RHDV (RHDV2/b, currently designated GI.2 based on phylogenetic analysis) emerged in France. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid, simple, specific and sensitive TaqMan real-time PCR assay for the classic strain of RHDV and RHDV2 detection. Specific primers and probes were designed for the VP60 gene of RHDV and RHDV2 within the conserved region of viral genome. RESULTS This study was demonstrated to be highly specific for RHDV and RHDV2, without cross-reactions with other non-targeted viruses. The detection limit of this work was 102 copies of RHDV and RHDV2, respectively. The coefficient of variation of the assay was less than 5% for both intra-assay and inter-assay. The reproducibility of method was assessed using plasmids and the coefficient of variation obtained was 0.2 to 3.70. Of 79 clinical samples, 68 were positive samples (86.08%), of which 60 were classic RHDV variants (75.9%), 4 were co-infected (5.06%) and 8 were RHDV2 (10.12%), those results are more sensitivity compare with conventional RT-PCR RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR based on VP60 gene of RHDV and RHDV2 could be a valuable tool in diagnose and molecular epidemiological study of the RHDV and RHDV2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Sichuan BoCe Testing Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanjun Ma
- Sichuan BoCe Testing Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention in Bazhou District, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, Bazhong, 636600, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dishi Chen
- Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Li
- Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingxiang Li
- Sichuan BoCe Testing Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
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Huang H, Li Y, Wang L, Song Y, Zhang G. Membrane proteomic analysis identifies the polarity protein PARD3 as a novel antiviral protein against PEDV infection. J Proteomics 2021; 253:104462. [PMID: 34954106 PMCID: PMC8695312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly pathogenic enteric coronavirus causing lethal watery diarrhea in suckling piglets. PEDV could remodel host membrane structures for their replication, assembly and escape from host cells. However, little is known about the host membrane proteins of PEDV infection. In this study, we analyzed differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) between PEDV infection group and control group and identified the polarity protein PARD3 as one of the most significantly DAPs. PARD3 is implicated in the formation of tight junctions at epithelial cell-cell contacts. Then, we found that PEDV infection promoted the degradation of PARD3 via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Moreover, knockdown of PARD3 promoted the proliferation of PEDV. Further study showed that the downregulation of PARD3 altered the normal morphology of the tight junction proteins and promoted apical and basolateral virus proliferation. Tight junctions enable epithelial cells to form physical barriers, which act as an innate immune mechanism that can impede viral infection and PEDV affected the barrier functions by causing degradation of PARD3. Taken together, this work is the first time to investigate the membrane protein profile of PEDV-infected cells using quantitative proteomics and suggests that PARD3 could be a potential novel antiviral protein against PEDV infection. Significance Membrane proteins are involved in various physiological and biochemical functions critical for cellular function. It is also dynamic in nature, where many proteins are changed during in response to environmental stress. However, membrane proteins are difficult to study because of their hydrophobicity. Membrane proteomic methods using mass spectrometry analysis have been developed and applied for the characterization of the plasma membrane and subcellular organelles of various virus infected cells. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric pathogen of importance to the swine industry, causing high mortality in neonatal piglets. Because PEDV infected Vero cells can lead to significant changes in cell membrane morphology and form syncytial lesions. Here, we isolated the membrane proteins of PEDV infected and control cells and applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantitatively identify the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in PEDV-infected Vero cells and confirmed the DAPs by performing RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Among these differential proteins, we focused on a down-regulated protein PARD3 which is important for cell tight junction and cell polarity. Loss of PARD3 can destroy the tight junction of cells and promote the proliferation of PEDV in the apical and basolateral sides. These findings will provide valuable information to better understand the mechanisms underlying the host defense responses to PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No. 116, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yapeng Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No. 116, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Zhu Y, Du H, Liao S, Yang Y, Chen H. Inhibition of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharide 3. Res Vet Sci 2021; 141:146-155. [PMID: 34749099 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a deadly pathogen that still plagues suckling piglets. However, there is still no anti-PEDV drug available in clinics. To develop potential anti-PEDV drugs, the antiviral activity of Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharide 3 (AOFP3) against PEDV infection in IPEC-J2 cells were assessed in our present study. The structural characterization of AOFP3 was studied by using HPAEC, GC-MS, FT-IR and NMR techniques. At the same time, the anti-PEDV activity of AOFP3 was investigated by performing RT-qPCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The results showed that AOFP3 (44.4 kDa) was composed of glucose and galacturonic acid at a molar ratio of 77.54:22.46 and consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, T-α-D-Glcp-(1→ and →4)-α-D-GalAp-(1→. AOFP3 significantly decreased PEDV titer in IPEC-J2 cells and prevented cellular damage of IPEC-J2 cells caused by PEDV infection. Furthermore, AOFP3 showed an antioxidative activity in inhibiting PEDV reproduction. Therefore, AOFP3 was expected to be a material of anti-PEDV drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Qiyuan Luo
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Huijun Du
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Suya Liao
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Huricha Chen
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
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9
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Li D, Li Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Jiao W, Feng H, Wei Q, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang G. Isolation and Identification of a Recombinant Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus With a Novel Insertion in S1 Domain. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:667084. [PMID: 33959119 PMCID: PMC8093569 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.667084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the major pathogen that causes diarrhea and high mortality in newborn piglets with devastating impact to the pig industry. Recombination and mutation are the main driving forces of viral evolution and genetic diversity of PEDV. In 2016, an outbreak of diarrhea in piglets occurred in an intensive pig farm in Central China. A novel PEDV isolate (called HNAY) was successfully isolated from clinical samples. Sequence analysis and alignment showed that HNAY possessed 21-nucleotide (nt) insertion in its S1 gene, which has never been reported in other PEDV isolates. Moreover, the sequence of the insertion was identical with the sequence fragment in PEDV N gene. Notably, the HNAY strain exhibited two unique mutations (T500A and L521Y) in the neutralizing epitopes of the S1 protein that were different from those of other PEDV variant strains and CV777-based vaccine strains. Additionally, PEDV HNAY might be derived from a natural recombination between two Chinese variant PEDV strains. Animal experiments demonstrated that HNAY displayed higher pathogenicity compared with two other clinical isolates. This study lays the foundation for better understanding of the genetic evolution and molecular pathogenesis of PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Jiao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jucai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Fan C, Wang J, Tang Y, Zhang S, Xiong F, Guo C, Zhou Y, Li Z, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Zeng Z, Xiong W. Upregulation of long non-coding RNA LOC284454 may serve as a new serum diagnostic biomarker for head and neck cancers. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:917. [PMID: 32972383 PMCID: PMC7517628 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancer is necessary for improving precision medicine. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important regulatory role in tumor initiation and progression. The lncRNA LOC284454 is distinctly expressed in various head and neck cancers (HNCs), as demonstrated by our previous bioinformatics analysis. However, the expression levels and functions of LOC284454 in cancer are still unclear. Methods We investigated the dysregulation of lncRNAs in HNCs using the GEO database and found that LOC284454 was highly expressed in HNCs. Serum samples from 212 patients with HNCs and 121 normal controls were included in this biomarker study. We measured the expression of LOC284454 in the sera of HNC patients and normal controls using RT-qPCR. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis is an important statistical method that is widely used in clinical diagnosis and disease screening. ROC was used to analyze the clinical value of LOC284454 in the early diagnosis of HNCs. Results LOC284454 was significantly upregulated in the sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer, and thyroid cancer. LOC284454 upregulation had good clinical diagnostic value in these cancers, as evaluated by area under the ROC curve values of 0.931, 0.698, and 0.834, respectively. Conclusions LOC284454 may be a valuable serum biomarker for HNCs facilitating the early diagnosis of malignant cancers. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the involvement of LOC284454 in HNCs. This study provides the first evidence that LOC284454 may be a serum biomarker for HNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Fan
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410078. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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11
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Chen Y, Luo Q, Li S, Li C, Liao S, Yang X, Zhou R, Zhu Y, Teng L, Chen H, Yang Y. Antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus of Pogostemon cablin polysaccharide. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:113009. [PMID: 32450234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The dry overground parts of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. is widely used in China as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and fever. Polysaccharide is an important component of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. but has not been studied. Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. is used to treat porcine epidemic diarrhea. But it is not known whether Pogostemon cablin polysaccharides (PCPs) has the antiviral activities against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of present study is to investigate the structural characterization and the anti-PEDV activities of PCPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS PCPs were prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method and purified with DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-100 column. Then, the structural characterization of the polysaccharides including the infrared spectrum, molecular weight and monosaccharide composition were analyzed. Afterwards, the antiviral effect of PCPs against PEDV on IPEC-J2 cells was studied by MTT method and real-time PCR method. Additionally, the effects of PCPs on PEDV adsorption, penetration and replication were analyzed by real-time PCR method. Furthermore, we also investigate whether the anti-oxidative effects of PCPs were important to the anti-PEDV activities. RESULTS Four polysaccharides were obtained and named as PCP1.1 (31.3 kDa), PCP1.2 (3.5 kDa), PCP2.1 (9.1 kDa) and PCP2.2 (8.3 kDa). PCP1.1, PCP1.2 and PCP2.1 were composed of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid; and PCP2.2 was composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid. All PCPs showed anti-PEDV activities. PCP1.1 and PCP1.2 inhibited PEDV replication, while PCP2.1 and PCP2.2 inhibited PEDV penetration and replication. All PCPs showed anti-oxidative effects, which were important to the anti-PEDV activities. CONCLUSIONS The treatment effect of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. on porcine epidemic diarrhea might be related to the anti-PEDV effect of PCPs. Furthermore, the anti-oxidative effects of PCPs play important roles in their antiviral activities against PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Qiyuan Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Shanman Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Chengheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Suya Liao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Ruigang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Ling Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Huricha Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Yuhui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
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12
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Wang Z, Li X, Shang Y, Wu J, Dong Z, Cao X, Liu Y, Lan X. Rapid differentiation of PEDV wild-type strains and classical attenuated vaccine strains by fluorescent probe-based reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assay. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:208. [PMID: 32571305 PMCID: PMC7306936 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an intestinal coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea and high mortality in suckling piglets, can result in high economic losses in the swine industry. In recent years, despite the use of China’s current vaccine immunization strategy, multiple types of PEDV strains were still found in immunized swine herds. Our research aims to explore a new rapid differentiation method to distinguish the different types of PEDV strains and assess the safety evaluation of classical attenuated vaccine strains in swine herds. Results In the study, a differential one-step quantitative real-time fluorescent reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (real-time RT-RPA) method based on the PEDV universal real-time RT-RPA assay was established according to the ORF1 deletion sequences of three classical attenuated vaccine strains (PEDV attenuated vaccine KC189944, attenuated CV777 and DR13) and five Vero cell-adapted isolates (JS2008, SDM, SQ2014, SC1402, HLJBY), which could effectively differentiate PEDV classical attenuated vaccine strains from wild-type strains (PEDV classical wild strains and variant strains). The detection limits of PEDV RNA in the both PEDV real-time RT-RPA assays were 300 copies within 20 min at 39 °C, and the detection limits of classical attenuated vaccine strain CV777, Vero-cell-adapted isolate JS2008, and PEDV wild-type strain DX were 100.5 TCID50/100 μL, 101.1 TCID50/100 μL, and 101.2 TCID50/100 μL, respectively. Both assays were highly specific for PEDV, showing no cross-reactivity with other enteral viruses. Conclusion This RPA method we developed is simple, time-effective, and safe and provides a reliable technical tool for the differential diagnosis and clinical epidemic surveillance of PEDV classical attenuated vaccine strains and wild-type strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China
| | - Xuerui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China
| | - Youjun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaoan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China
| | - Xi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, PR China.
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13
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Rapid and efficient detection methods of pathogenic swine enteric coronaviruses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6091-6100. [PMID: 32430534 PMCID: PMC7235545 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Porcine enteric coronaviruses (CoVs) cause highly contagious enteric diarrhea in suckling piglets. These COV infections are characterized by clinical signs of vomiting, watery diarrhea, dehydration, and high morbidity and mortality, resulting in significant economic losses and tremendous threats to the pig farming industry worldwide. Because the clinical manifestations of pigs infected by different CoVs are similar, it is difficult to differentiate between the specific pathogens. Effective high-throughput detection methods are powerful tools used in the prevention and control of diseases. The immune system of piglets is not well developed, so serological methods to detect antibodies against these viruses are not suitable for rapid and early detection. This paper reviews various PCR-based methods used for the rapid and efficient detection of these pathogenic CoVs in swine intestines. Key points Swine enteric coronaviruses (CoVs) emerged and reemerged in past years. Enteric CoVs infect pigs at all ages with high mortality rate in suckling pigs. Rapid and efficient detection methods are needed and critical for diagnosis.
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14
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Xu F, Jin Z, Zou S, Chen C, Song Q, Deng S, Xiao W, Zhang X, Jia A, Tang Y. EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe based immunochromatographic strip for rapid and sensitive detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Talanta 2020; 214:120865. [PMID: 32278431 PMCID: PMC7111840 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), induced by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and high mortality in neonatal piglets, resulting in significant economic losses in the pig industries. In this study, an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on a EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe was developed and optimized for rapid detection of PEDV. The limit of detection (LOD) of the ICA was 0.218 μg/mL (2.725 × 103 TCID50/mL) and its linear detection range was 0.03125-8 μg/mL (3.91 × 102-105 TCID50/mL). The ICA was also validated for the detection of PEDV in swine stool samples. 60 swine stool samples from southern China were analyzed by the ICA and RT-PCR, and the results showed that the coincidence rate of the ICA to RT-PCR was 86.67%, which was significantly higher than that of AuNPs based ICA. The ICA is sensitive and specific and can achieve on-site rapid detection of swine stool samples. Therefore, the ICA has a great potential for PED diagnosis and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Jin
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Siyi Zou
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Chaoqun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Qifang Song
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Shengchao Deng
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Aiqing Jia
- Guangdong Haid Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, PR China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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15
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Wang X, Guo S, Hameed M, Zhang J, Pang L, Li B, Qiu Y, Liu K, Shao D, Ma Z, Zhong D, Wei J, Li P. Rapid differential detection of genotype I and III Japanese encephalitis virus from clinical samples by a novel duplex TaqMan probe-based RT-qPCR assay. J Virol Methods 2020; 279:113841. [PMID: 32105753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is an acute infectious disease that threatens both human and pig populations throughout Asia. JE is caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), of which genotype III (GIII) had been the most prevalent strain throughout Asia, but recent studies have shown that genotype I (GI) has replaced GIII as the predominant version. Pigs and mosquitoes play a primary role in JEV transmission. However, a method for the rapid differentiation between JEV G I and G III remains unavailable. This study aimed to establish a rapid JEV genotyping method using novel duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR assay.specific primer and probes located in the PrM/M gene that were able to specifically differentiate GI and GIII JEV, was selected as the duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR target.The specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility test of this assay were validated. The sensitivity of the assay was 10 genomic RNA copies for both GI and GIII JEV in field mosquito and pig samples,and more sensitive than the current methods. In addition, the novel assay can be completed in less than 1 h. Therefore, This duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR assay is a promising tool for rapid differential detection and epidemiology of GI and GIII JEV strains in China. The results showed that co-circulation of GI and GIII infections with GI infection being more prevalent in pigs or mosquitoes in eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Muddassar Hameed
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Pang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafeng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Shao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengke Zhong
- Shanghai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianchao Wei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Li
- Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, People's Republic of China.
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Chen R, Chen Q, Wu X, Che Y, Wang C, Wang L, Yan S, Zhou L. Development of a TaqMan Based Real-Time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Porcine Cytomegalovirus in Semen. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5673145. [PMID: 32420350 PMCID: PMC7199591 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5673145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study described a TaqMan based real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) method to detect porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) infection, targeting the conserved region of the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene. The standard curve showed a linear regression relationship with a coefficient of 0.999 and a slope of y = -3.249x + 38.958 corresponding to the amplification efficiency at 99.8%. The limit of the qPCR method was 51.9 copies/μl. The established qPCR method showed excellent specificity, with no cross-reaction observed with common porcine pathogens. The coefficient of variation for intra-assay and interassay variability ranged up to 1.51% and 2.24%, respectively. PCMV positive signals can be found in semen using this qPCR method, which suggested that we should pay more attention to PCMV contamination in semen in order to eliminate PCMV infection in artificial insemination and xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujing Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qiuyong Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Xuemin Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yongliang Che
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Chenyan Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Longbai Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shan Yan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Lunjiang Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
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He D, Chen F, Ku X, Yu X, Li B, Li Z, Sun Q, Fan S, He Q. Establishment and application of a multiplex RT-PCR to differentiate wild-type and vaccine strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. J Virol Methods 2019; 272:113684. [PMID: 31288038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) and the wide use of attenuated live vaccine, both wild-type and vaccine strains (CV777) are believed to circulate in Chinese pig farms. Thus, identification of different PEDV strains is of epidemiological importance. In this study, a multiplex RT-PCR method was established based on the sequence features of spike (S) gene and ORF3 gene of PEDVs. The method could identify PEDV variant strains, classical wild-type strains and classical vaccine strains. The limit of detection of the RT-PCR was 1.51 × 104 copies/uL for plasmids and 1 × 101.7 TCID50/100 u L for PEDV, respectively. There were no cross-detections among three different PEDVs and no false detections among six swine pathogens. This assay was used to test 940 samples from China of which 303 samples were PEDV positive, and 289, 5, 10 were positive for variant, classical wild, classical vaccine, respectively. One sample was positive for both variant and classical vaccine PEDV. The variant PEDVs could be detected in samples from 13 provinces, while classical PEDVs were detected from nine provinces, supporting the prevalence of variant PEDV in China. In summary, this multiplex RT-PCR was a useful tool for the clinical detection and epidemiological survey of PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxian He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Guangxi Agricultural Vocational College, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Fangzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xugang Ku
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuexiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shengxian Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Fan CM, Wang JP, Tang YY, Zhao J, He SY, Xiong F, Guo C, Xiang B, Zhou M, Li XL, Li Y, Li GY, Xiong W, Zeng ZY. circMAN1A2 could serve as a novel serum biomarker for malignant tumors. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2180-2188. [PMID: 31046163 PMCID: PMC6609809 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancers are needed to improve precision medicine. Circular RNAs act as important regulators in cancers at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. The circular RNA circMAN1A2 is highly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma according to our previous RNA sequencing data; however, the expression and functions of circMAN1A2 in cancers are still obscure. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the expression of circMAN1A2 in the sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and other malignant tumors and analyzed its correlations with clinical features and diagnostic values. The expression levels of circMAN1A2 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, and the correlations of clinical features with circMAN1A2 expression were analyzed by χ2 tests. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the clinical applications of circMAN1A2. The results showed that circMAN1A2 was upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer, thyroid cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer, with areas under the curves of 0.911, 0.779, 0.734, 0.694, and 0.645, respectively, indicating the good diagnostic value of circMAN1A2. Overall, our findings suggested that circMAN1A2 could be a serum biomarker for malignant tumors, providing important insights into diagnostic approaches for malignant tumors. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of circMAN1A2 in the pathogenesis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Peng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Yan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shu-Yi He
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gui-Yuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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A TaqMan-probe-based multiplex real-time RT-qPCR for simultaneous detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4943-4952. [PMID: 31025076 PMCID: PMC7080015 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Swine enteric coronaviruses are a group of most significant pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets with similar clinical symptoms and pathological changes. To develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput detection method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis on swine enteric coronaviruses, specific primers and probes were designed based on the highly conserved regions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) N, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) M, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) M, and porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (PEAV) N genes respectively. A TaqMan-probe-based multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay was developed and optimized to simultaneously detect these swine enteric coronaviruses. The results showed that the limit of detection can reach as low as 10 copies in singular real-time RT-qPCR assays and 100 copies in multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay, with all correlation coefficients (R2) at above 0.99, and the amplification efficiency at between 90 and 120%. This multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay demonstrated high sensitivity, extreme specificity, and excellent repeatability. The multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay was then employed to detect the swine enteric coronavirus from 354 field diarrheal samples. The results manifested that TGEV and PDCoV were the main pathogens in these samples, accompanied by co-infections. This well-established multiplex real-time RT-qPCR assay provided a rapid, efficient, specific, and sensitive tool for detection of swine enteric coronaviruses.
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20
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Liu J, Li LM, Han JQ, Sun TR, Zhao X, Xu RT, Song QY. A TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR to differentiate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus virulent strains from attenuated vaccine strains. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 45:37-42. [PMID: 31004698 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an important pathogen causing severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and death in sucking piglets. Attenuated vaccines have been used widely in sows in order to protect piglets through passive lactogenic immunity. Rapid and sensitive detection methods for differentiating attenuated vaccine strains from virulent ones are essential and practical in PEDV prevention and control. Based on the deletion mutation in ORF3 gene sequence, a TaqMan probe-based real-time quantitative PCR (TaqMan qPCR) was developed to distinguish PEDV virulent strains from attenuated vaccine ones in this study. The TaqMan qPCR could specifically detect PEDV virulent strain but not attenuated vaccine strain and other viruses. At least 37 DNA copies and PEDV of 0.995 TCID50 could be detected by TaqMan qPCR. The reproducibility was evaluated using various dilution of plasmids carrying PEDV ORF3 gene and virulent PEDV, and the inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was less than 0.44%. The TaqMan qPCR was further applied to detect 38 samples including intestines and their contents, fecal swabs, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Meanwhile, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was employed to detect PEDV-specific antigen. PEDV positive rates were 31.58% (12/38) and 26.32% (10/38) by TaqMan PCR and IFA, respectively, which suggested that the former was more sensitive than the latter. The TaqMan qPCR based on PEDV ORF3 gene could be a valuable tool in diagnose of porcine epidemic diarrhea and in molecular epidemiological study of the virulent PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Li-Min Li
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Jiu-Qaun Han
- College of Foreign Languages, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Tai-Ran Sun
- Baoding Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Xue Zhao
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Rui-Tao Xu
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Qin-Ye Song
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
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21
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Wang X, Xu X, Hu W, Zuo K, Li Z, Kan Y, Yao L, Ji J, Bi Y. Visual detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus using a novel reverse transcription polymerase spiral reaction method. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:116. [PMID: 30987635 PMCID: PMC6466714 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a major etiological agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea around the world. Point-of-care testing in the field is lacking owing to the requirement for a simple, robust field applicable test that does not require professional laboratory equipment. The aim of this study was to establish a novel reverse transcription polymerase spiral reaction (RT-PSR) assay for the rapid detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). For the assay, a specific RT-PSR primer pair was designed against a conserved region in PEDV ORF3. RESULTS The RT-PSR was optimized, and PEDV could be detected after a 50 min incubation at 62 °C, in addition to the 15 min required for reverse transcription. No cross-reaction with other porcine infectious viruses was observed. This new method for PEDV detection was 10 times more sensitive than the conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The positive rates for 65 clinical samples using the new RT-PSR assay and the conventional RT-PCR assay were 58.46% (38/65) and 53.84% (35/65), respectively. In the RT-PSR assay, the addition of a mixture of dyes allowed a positive reaction to be directly observed by the naked eye. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that this RT-PSR assay is capable of accurately detecting PEDV, and has the advantages of high specificity and sensitivity for the detection of PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Wang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road 1638, Nanyang, 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road 1638, Nanyang, 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Hu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road 1638, Nanyang, 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejing Zuo
- Veterinary Laboratory, Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhili Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchao Kan
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road 1638, Nanyang, 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road 1638, Nanyang, 473061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Ji
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road 1638, Nanyang, 473061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingzuo Bi
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
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22
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Sun YG, Li R, Jiang L, Qiao S, Zhi Y, Chen XX, Xie S, Wu J, Li X, Deng R, Zhang G. Characterization of the interaction between recombinant porcine aminopeptidase N and spike glycoprotein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:704-712. [PMID: 29802920 PMCID: PMC7112428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) has caused huge economic losses to the global pork industry. Infection by its causative agent PED virus (PEDV), an Alpha-coronavirus, was previously proven to be mediated by its spike (S) glycoprotein and a cellular receptor porcine aminopeptidase N (pAPN). Interestingly, some recent studies have indicated that pAPN is not a functional receptor for PEDV. To date, there is a lack of a direct evidence for the interaction between pAPN and PEDV S protein in vitro. Here, we prepared pAPN ectodomain and the truncated variants of PEDV S protein in Drosophila S2 cells. These recombinant proteins were homogeneous after purification by metal-affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. We then assayed the purified target proteins through immunogenicity tests, PEDV binding interference assays, circular dichroism (CD) measurements, pAPN activity assay and structural determination, demonstrating that they were biologically functional. Finally, we characterized their interactions by gel filtration chromatography, native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses. The results showed that their affinities were too low to form complexes, which suggest that pAPN may be controversial as the genuine receptor for PEDV. Therefore, further research needs to be carried out to elucidate the interaction between PEDV and its genuine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Gang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Songlin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yubao Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Sha Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xuewu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Ruiguang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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