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Khan J, Gul P, Rashid MT, Li Q, Liu K. Composition of Whole Grain Dietary Fiber and Phenolics and Their Impact on Markers of Inflammation. Nutrients 2024; 16:1047. [PMID: 38613080 PMCID: PMC11013088 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important biological response to any tissue injury. The immune system responds to any stimulus, such as irritation, damage, or infection, by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. The overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to several diseases, e.g., cardiovascular diseases, joint disorders, cancer, and allergies. Emerging science suggests that whole grains may lower the markers of inflammation. Whole grains are a significant source of dietary fiber and phenolic acids, which have an inverse association with the risk of inflammation. Both cereals and pseudo-cereals are rich in dietary fiber, e.g., arabinoxylan and β-glucan, and phenolic acids, e.g., hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids, which are predominantly present in the bran layer. However, the biological mechanisms underlying the widely reported association between whole grain consumption and a lower risk of disease are not fully understood. The modulatory effects of whole grains on inflammation are likely to be influenced by several mechanisms including the effect of dietary fiber and phenolic acids. While some of these effects are direct, others involve the gut microbiota, which transforms important bioactive substances into more beneficial metabolites that modulate the inflammatory signaling pathways. Therefore, the purpose of this review is twofold: first, it discusses whole grain dietary fiber and phenolic acids and highlights their potential; second, it examines the health benefits of these components and their impacts on subclinical inflammation markers, including the role of the gut microbiota. Overall, while there is promising evidence for the anti-inflammatory properties of whole grains, further research is needed to understand their effects fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabir Khan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.K.); (P.G.); (M.T.R.); (Q.L.)
| | - Palwasha Gul
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.K.); (P.G.); (M.T.R.); (Q.L.)
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Rashid
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.K.); (P.G.); (M.T.R.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qingyun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.K.); (P.G.); (M.T.R.); (Q.L.)
| | - Kunlun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.K.); (P.G.); (M.T.R.); (Q.L.)
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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López-González JA, Martínez-Soto JM, Avila-Cervantes C, Mata-Pineda AL, Álvarez-Hernández G, Álvarez-Meza JB, Bolado-Martínez E, Candia-Plata MDC. Evaluation of Systemic Inflammation Before and After Standard Anti-tuberculosis Treatment in Patients With Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus 2024; 16:e55391. [PMID: 38562330 PMCID: PMC10984244 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity of active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) that increases the risk of treatment failure during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. Evaluating systemic inflammatory response could help determine differences in response to treatment between APTB patients and those with APTB and DM. Methodology To explore changes in systemic inflammation, measured by a set of inflammatory mediators in subjects with APTB and TBDM before and after six months of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, 30 APTB and nine TBDM subjects underwent cytokine testing, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, C-reactive protein by nephelometry, and sialic acid by colorimetric assay at baseline and following six months of standard anti-tuberculosis treatment. Sputum smear microscopy or molecular biology (Xpert MTB/RIF) was used for diagnosis, and sputum smear microscopy was performed monthly during the treatment of the patient with pulmonary tuberculosis to evaluate his evolution. Principal component analysis examined changes in the inflammatory status. Results Both groups showed negative sputum smear microscopy in the sixth month after starting anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. TGF-β1 was found to be significantly higher in subjects with TBDM before treatment compared to APTB patients (p<0.001), and systemic inflammation continued only in TBDM subjects after treatment (accumulation and persistence of inflammatory mediators like IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β1, C-reactive protein, and sialic acid in blood). On the other hand, the mediators IFN-γ, C-reactive protein, and total sialic acid were found to be most influential in distinguishing pre- and post-treatment inflammatory response in subjects with APTB without DM. Conclusions Inflammatory mediators analyzed in combination, including IFN-γ, CRP, and total sialic acid, may be useful in evaluating the systemic inflammatory response in subjects with APTB and TBDM before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Determining these mediators revealed persistent systemic inflammation in TBDM subjects after six months of standard tuberculosis treatment, despite negative sputum smear microscopy results and good glycemic control. This suggests a need for inflammation-modulating therapies during tuberculosis control. Finally, monitoring sputum smear microscopy results alongside the determination of proposed inflammatory mediators (IFN-γ, CRP, and total sialic acid) are effective in evaluating the response to anti-tuberculosis treatment in APTB subjects without DM, warranting further investigation.
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Cheeseman J, Badia C, Elgood-Hunt G, Gardner RA, Trinh DN, Monopoli MP, Kuhnle G, Spencer DIR, Osborn HMI. Elevated concentrations of Neu5Ac and Neu5,9Ac 2 in human plasma: potential biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:645-654. [PMID: 37991561 PMCID: PMC10788320 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of health conditions affecting the heart and vascular system with very high prevalence and mortality rates. The presence of CVD is characterised by high levels of inflammation which have previously been associated with increased plasma concentrations of N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). While Neu5Ac has been studied in the context of CVD, Neu5,9Ac2 has not, despite being the second most abundant sialic acid in human plasma. A small-scale pilot study of thirty plasma samples from patients with diagnosed CVD, and thirty age and sex-matched healthy controls, was designed to gain insight into sialic acids as biomarkers for CVD and potential future areas of study. Each sample was assayed for Neu5Ac and Neu5,9Ac2 concentrations. Mean Neu5Ac and Neu5,9Ac2 concentrations were significantly elevated in patients with CVD compared to healthy controls (Neu5Ac: P < 0.001; Neu5,9Ac2: P < 0.04). Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis indicated that both Neu5Ac and Neu5,9Ac2 have reasonable predictive power for the presence of CVD (Neu5Ac AUC: 0.86; Neu5,9Ac2 AUC: 0.71). However, while Neu5Ac had both good sensitivity (0.82) and specificity (0.81), Neu5,9Ac2 had equivalent specificity (0.81) but very poor sensitivity (0.44). A combination marker of Neu5Ac + Neu5,9Ac2 showed improvement over Neu5Ac alone in terms of predictive power (AUC: 0.93), sensitivity (0.87), and specificity (0.90). Comparison to a known inflammatory marker, high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP: P-value: NS, ROC:0.50) was carried out, showing that both Neu5Ac and Neu5,9Ac2 outperformed this marker. Further to this, hs-CRP values were combined with the three different sialic acid markers to determine any effect on the AUC values. A slight improvement in AUC was noted for each of the combinations, with Neu5Ac + Neu5,9Ac2 + hs-CRP giving the best AUC of 0.97 overall. Thus, Neu5Ac would appear to offer good potential as a predictive marker for the presence of CVD, which the addition of Neu5,9Ac2 predictive power improves, with further improvement seen by the addition of hs-CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Cheeseman
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
- Ludger Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3EB, UK
| | | | | | | | - Duong N Trinh
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Marco P Monopoli
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Gunter Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
| | | | - Helen M I Osborn
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK.
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Shkunnikova S, Mijakovac A, Sironic L, Hanic M, Lauc G, Kavur MM. IgG glycans in health and disease: Prediction, intervention, prognosis, and therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108169. [PMID: 37207876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (IgG) glycosylation is a complex enzymatically controlled process, essential for the structure and function of IgG. IgG glycome is relatively stable in the state of homeostasis, yet its alterations have been associated with aging, pollution and toxic exposure, as well as various diseases, including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, cardiometabolic diseases, infectious diseases and cancer. IgG is also an effector molecule directly involved in the inflammation processes included in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Numerous recently published studies support the idea that IgG N-glycosylation fine-tunes the immune response and plays a significant role in chronic inflammation. This makes it a promising novel biomarker of biological age, and a prognostic, diagnostic and treatment evaluation tool. Here we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the IgG glycosylation in health and disease, and its potential applications in pro-active prevention and monitoring of various health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Shkunnikova
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anika Mijakovac
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Sironic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Hanic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83H, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ulica Ante Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia
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Welhaven HD, Welfley AH, Pershad P, Satalich J, O'Connell R, Bothner B, Vap AR, June RK. Metabolic phenotypes reflect patient sex and injury status: A cross-sectional analysis of human synovial fluid. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023:S1063-4584(23)00916-0. [PMID: 37716406 PMCID: PMC10940192 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis is a heterogeneous disease. The objective was to compare differences in underlying cellular mechanisms and endogenous repair pathways between synovial fluid (SF) from male and female participants with different injuries to improve the current understanding of the pathophysiology of downstream post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). DESIGN SF from n = 33 knee arthroscopy patients between 18 and 70 years with no prior knee injuries was obtained pre-procedure and injury pathology assigned post-procedure. SF was extracted and analyzed via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling to examine differences in metabolism between injury pathologies (ligament, meniscal, and combined ligament and meniscal) and patient sex. Samples were pooled and underwent secondary fragmentation to identify metabolites. RESULTS Different knee injuries uniquely altered SF metabolites and downstream pathways including amino acid, lipid, and inflammatory-associated metabolic pathways. Notably, sexual dimorphic metabolic phenotypes were examined between males and females and within injury pathology. Cervonyl carnitine and other identified metabolites differed in concentrations between sexes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that different injuries and patient sex are associated with distinct metabolic phenotypes. Considering these phenotypic associations, a greater understanding of metabolic mechanisms associated with specific injuries, sex, and PTOA development may yield data regarding how endogenous repair pathways differ between male and female injury types. Ongoing metabolomic analysis of SF in injured male and female patients can be performed to monitor PTOA development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope D Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Avery H Welfley
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Prayag Pershad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - James Satalich
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Robert O'Connell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Alexander R Vap
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Ronald K June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States.
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Hassanpour A, Moghaddam S. Evaluation of serum concentration of acute-phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloid A) in the affected Arabian foals with rhodococcosis. Vet Med Sci 2022; 9:144-149. [PMID: 36423204 PMCID: PMC9856977 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals is essential for horse health and for veterinarians. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of assessing the serum concentration of acute-phase proteins (APPs) in the early diagnosis of pneumonia. METHODS The study evaluated APPs in 19 Arabian foals with R. equi pneumonia and compared them with 18 normal Arabian foals in equestrian clubs in Tabriz, Iran. Affected foals were identified through history, clinical findings and bacterial culture of tracheal washing. Biochemical methods and polymerase chain reaction tests were performed by examining the 16S rRNA and vapA genes to confirm the diagnosis of bacterial isolates. Blood samples were taken from all sick and healthy horses, and their serum was isolated. APPs in the serum were measured in all the samples. RESULTS Rhodococcosis increased the serum concentration of haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) (p < 0.001). The relationship between SAA and Hp was meaningful in the infected group (r = 0.933) but not in the healthy group. In cases where there are clinical findings of R. equi pneumonia, the concentration of SAA and Hp can help the effectiveness of treatment. - CONCLUSIONS Serum concentration analysis of APPs can be helpful in early diagnosis and successfully treating foals with R. equi pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hassanpour
- Department of Clinical ScienceTabriz Medical Sciences BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTabrizIran
| | - Sina Moghaddam
- Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
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Milesi G, Rangan A, Grafenauer S. Whole Grain Consumption and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:374. [PMID: 35057555 PMCID: PMC8778110 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole grain foods are rich in nutrients, dietary fibre, a range of antioxidants, and phytochemicals, and may have potential to act in an anti-inflammatory manner, which could help impact chronic disease risk. This systematic literature review aimed to examine the specific effects of whole grains on selected inflammatory markers from human clinical trials in adults. As per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) protocol, the online databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from inception through to 31 August 2021. Randomized control trials (RCTs) ≥ 4 weeks in duration, reporting ≥1 of the following: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), were included. A total of 31 RCTs were included, of which 16 studies recruited overweight/obese individuals, 12 had pre-existing conditions, two were in a healthy population, and one study included participants with prostate cancer. Of these 31 RCTs, three included studies with two intervention arms. A total of 32 individual studies measured CRP (10/32 were significant), 18 individual studies measured IL-6 (2/18 were significant), and 13 individual studies measured TNF (5/13 were significant). Most often, the overweight/obese population and those with pre-existing conditions showed significant reductions in inflammatory markers, mainly CRP (34% of studies). Overall, consumption of whole grain foods had a significant effect in reducing at least one inflammatory marker as demonstrated in 12/31 RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Milesi
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (G.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Anna Rangan
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (G.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Sara Grafenauer
- Grains & Legumes Nutrition Council, Mount Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
- School of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
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Welhaven HD, McCutchen CN, June RK. Effects of mechanical stimulation on metabolomic profiles of SW1353 chondrocytes: shear and compression. Biol Open 2022; 11:274218. [PMID: 35113136 PMCID: PMC8822358 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is a biological phenomenon where mechanical stimuli are converted to biochemical responses. A model system for studying mechanotransduction are the chondrocytes of articular cartilage. Breakdown of this tissue results in decreased mobility, increased pain, and reduced quality of life. Either disuse or overloading can disrupt cartilage homeostasis, but physiological cyclical loading promotes cartilage homeostasis. To model this, we exposed SW1353 cells to cyclical mechanical stimuli, shear and compression, for different durations of time (15 and 30 min). By utilizing liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), metabolomic profiles were generated detailing metabolite features and biological pathways that are altered in response to mechanical stimulation. In total, 1457 metabolite features were detected. Statistical analyses identified several pathways of interest. Taken together, differences between experimental groups were associated with inflammatory pathways, lipid metabolism, beta-oxidation, central energy metabolism, and amino acid production. These findings expand our understanding of chondrocyte mechanotransduction under varying loading conditions and time periods. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope D Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Molecular Biosciences Program, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Carley N McCutchen
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Ronald K June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman MT 59717, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Amor AJ, Vinagre I, Valverde M, Alonso N, Urquizu X, Meler E, López E, Giménez M, Codina L, Conget I, Barahona MJ, Perea V. Novel glycoproteins identify preclinical atherosclerosis among women with previous preeclampsia regardless of type 1 diabetes status. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3407-3414. [PMID: 34663538 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Information regarding inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D) or preeclampsia (PE) is scarce. We assessed differences in inflammation markers according to the presence of both conditions and their association with atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS We recruited 112 women without CVD and last pregnancy ≥5 years previously (n = 28 per group): a)T1D and PE; b)T1D without PE; c)PE without T1D; and d)Controls (without T1D or PE). Groups were matched by several CVD risk factors, and diabetes duration and retinopathy in T1D. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque presence (IMT ≥1.5 mm) were assessed by ultrasonography. Inflammatory markers included classical variables (leucocytes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP]) and glycoproteins by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy (GlycA, GlycB, GlycF and the height/width [H/W] ratios of GlycA and GlycB). The age of the participants was 44.9 ± 7.8 years, and 20.5% harbored plaque. There were no differences in inflammatory markers among the four study groups. Overall, in multivariate-adjusted models, all 1H-NMR-glycoproteins (except GlycB) were positively associated with IMT measures (IMT of bulb and maximum-IMT of any carotid segment; p < 0.05). After dividing the sample according to PE status, previous findings remained largely unchanged. Furthermore, GlycF was independently associated with carotid plaque only in PE group (OR 5.08 [1.03-25.01] per 0.1 log-increments, p = 0.046). Neither leucocytes nor hsCRP were related to atherosclerosis. Regarding T1D status, non-uniform results were observed. CONCLUSIONS High 1H-NMR-glycoprotein concentrations have a negative impact on carotid atherosclerosis among women with preeclampsia, regardless of T1D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Valverde
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Nuria Alonso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Xavier Urquizu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Eva Meler
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva López
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Codina
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Barahona
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain.
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Li C, Zhao M, Xiao L, Wei H, Wen Z, Hu D, Yu B, Sun Y, Gao J, Shen X, Zhang Q, Cao H, Huang J, Huang W, Li K, Huang M, Ni L, Yu T, Ji L, Xu Y, Liu G, Konerman MC, Zheng L, Wen Wang D. Prognostic Value of Elevated Levels of Plasma N-Acetylneuraminic Acid in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2021; 14:e008459. [PMID: 34711067 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.121.008459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac sialylation is involved in a variety of physiological processes in the heart. Altered sialylation has been implicated in heart failure (HF) mice. However, its role in patients with HF is unclear, and the potential effect of modulation of cardiac sialylation is worth exploring. METHODS We first assessed the association between plasma N-acetylneuraminic acid levels and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with HF over a median follow-up period of 2 years. Next, immunoblot analysis and lectin histochemistry were performed in cardiac tissue to determine the expression levels of neuraminidases and the extent of cardiac desialylation. Finally, the therapeutic impact of a neuraminidase inhibitor was evaluated in animal models of HF. RESULTS Among 1699 patients with HF, 464 (27%) died of cardiovascular-related deaths or underwent heart transplantation. We found that the elevated plasma N-acetylneuraminic acid level was independently associated with a higher risk of incident cardiovascular death and heart transplantation (third tertile adjusted hazard ratio, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.67-2.66], P<0.001). In addition, in cardiac tissues from patients with HF, neuraminidase expression was upregulated, accompanied by desialylation. Treatment with oseltamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, in HF mice infused with isoproterenol and angiotensin II significantly inhibited desialylation and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovered a significant association between elevated plasma N-acetylneuraminic acid level and an increased risk of a poor clinical outcome in patients with HF. Our data support the notion that desialylation represents an important contributor to the progression of HF, and neuraminidase inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenze Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, China (C.L.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China (M.Z.)
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
| | - Lei Xiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Hu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianing Gao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
| | - Xiaoqing Shen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
| | - Huanhuan Cao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
| | - Jin Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Central Theater General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China (W.H.)
| | - Ke Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Ji
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
| | - Yangkai Xu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health (G.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Matthew C Konerman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Health Care Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor (M.C.K.)
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (M.Z., J.G., Q.Z., H.C., L.J., Y.X., L.Z.)
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Tiantan Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing (L.Z.)
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital (C.L., L.X., H.W., Z.W., D.H., B.Y., Y.S., X.S., J.H., K.L., M.H., L.N., T.Y., D.W.W.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Malo AI, Girona J, Ibarretxe D, Rodríguez-Borjabad C, Amigó N, Plana N, Masana L. Serum glycoproteins A and B assessed by 1H-NMR in familial hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 2021; 330:1-7. [PMID: 34218212 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammation is a pathophysiological mechanism of atherosclerosis, and several mediators have been proposed as biomarkers. Acute-phase serum glycoproteins are upregulated in the liver during systemic inflammation. Because of their unique biochemical characteristics, they can be measured by 1H-NMR, and their role as subclinical inflammation markers is under clinical evaluation. We aimed to assess the clinical value of plasma glycoproteins in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients. METHODS We recruited 295 FH patients (75.6% with FH-associated genetic variants). At baseline, a full glycoprotein profile, glycoprotein A and B (GlycA and B) concentrations and their height and width ratios (H/W) were analysed by 1H-NMR. A carotid artery ultrasound study was performed at baseline and prospectively at the 5-year follow-up in 144 FH patients. RESULTS At baseline, the GlycA and GlycB concentrations and their H/W ratios were correlated with lipid profile and adiposity parameters, with the correlation between the GlycA and triglyceride concentrations (r = 0.780; p < 0001) being the strongest. Glycoprotein concentrations were also correlated with inflammation markers, mainly hsCRP. Higher glycoprotein concentrations were observed in patients with higher intima media thickness, arterial rigidity and presence of arteriosclerotic plaques. In the multivariate and random forest analyses, the baseline GlycB concentration showed a significant contribution to the detection of FH individuals prone to develop carotid plaques. CONCLUSIONS The concentrations of serum glycoproteins as assessed by 1H-NMR are robust markers of subclinical inflammation. In FH patients, they are increased in the presence of subclinical vascular damage and could be considered atherosclerosis risk markers in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Irene Malo
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Josefa Girona
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Cèlia Rodríguez-Borjabad
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab SL, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Plana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Lluís Masana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201, Reus, Spain.
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12
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Magalhães JP, Santos DA, Correia IR, Hetherington-Rauth M, Ribeiro R, Raposo JF, Matos A, Bicho MD, Sardinha LB. Impact of combined training with different exercise intensities on inflammatory and lipid markers in type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis from a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:169. [PMID: 33028418 PMCID: PMC7539392 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise is a well-accepted strategy to improve lipid and inflammatory profile in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the exercise intensity having the most benefits on lipids and inflammatory markers in patients with T2DM remains unclear. We aimed to analyse the impact of a 1-year combined high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with resistance training (RT), and a moderate continuous training (MCT) with RT on inflammatory and lipid profile in individuals with T2DM. Methods Individuals with T2DM (n = 80, aged 59 years) performed a 1-year randomized controlled trial and were randomized into three groups (control, n = 27; HIIT with RT, n = 25; MCT with RT, n = 28). Exercise sessions were supervised with a frequency of 3 days per week. Inflammatory and lipid profiles were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Changes in inflammatory and lipid markers were assessed using generalized estimating equations. Results After adjusting for sex, age and baseline moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), we observed a time-by-group interaction for Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in both the MCT with RT (β = − 0.70, p = 0.034) and HIIT with RT (β = − 0.62, p = 0.049) groups, whereas, only the HIIT with RT group improved total cholesterol (β = − 0.03, p = 0.045) and LDL-C (β = − 0.03, p = 0.034), when compared to control. No effect was observed for C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), soluble form of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor CD163 (sCD163), triglycerides and HDL-C in both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Favorable adaptations on IL-6 were observed in both the HIIT and MCT combined with RT groups following a long-term 1-year exercise intervention in individuals with T2DM. However, only the HIIT with RT prevented further derangement of total cholesterol and LDL-C, when compared to the control group. Therefore, in order to encourage exercise participation and improve inflammatory profile, either exercise protocols may be prescribed, however, HIIT with RT may have further benefits on the lipid profile. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03144505
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Magalhães
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal.
| | - Diana A Santos
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Inês R Correia
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Megan Hetherington-Rauth
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Rogério Ribeiro
- Education and Research Centre, APDP-Diabetes Portugal (APDP-ERC), Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca 1, 1250-189, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João F Raposo
- Education and Research Centre, APDP-Diabetes Portugal (APDP-ERC), Rua Rodrigo da Fonseca 1, 1250-189, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Matos
- Genetics Laboratory Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz MB, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento da Rocha Cabral 14, 1250-012, Lisbon, Portugal.,Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group i3S -Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel D Bicho
- Genetics Laboratory Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz MB, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento da Rocha Cabral 14, 1250-012, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
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13
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Glycoprotein Profile Assessed by 1H-NMR as a Global Inflammation Marker in Patients with HIV Infection. A Prospective Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051344. [PMID: 32375373 PMCID: PMC7291035 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma glycoproteins are a composite biomarker of inflammation and can be detected by 1H-NMR. The aim of this study was to prospectively appraise the clinical value of plasma glycoproteins assessed by 1H-NMR in people living with HIV (PLWH). A total of 221 patients with HIV infection were recruited and studied at baseline and at 48 and 144 weeks. Patients were distributed into two groups according to baseline CD4+ T-cell number below or above 200 cells/µL. Patients with fewer than 200 cells/µL were distributed into the responders and nonresponders according to antiretroviral therapy (ART) response at 144 weeks. Glycoprotein concentrations were determined by 1H-NMR arising from the protein bond N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine signals (GlycA); and N-acetylneuraminic acid signal (GlycB) associated with the sugar–protein bond concentration and aggregation state (shapes (height/width)). Basal glycoprotein concentrations were higher in patients with < 200 CD4+ T-cell/μL (Glyc A: 1040(917.9–1199.1) vs. 950.4(845.5–1050.9), p < 0.001, and Glyc B: 521(440.3–610.3) vs. 468.6(417.9–507.0) μ mol/L, p < 0.001) being reduced by ART. The height/width (H/W) ratio was the parameter showing a better association with this clinical status. Baseline glycoproteins predict the condition of responder/nonresponder. In this study, 1H-NMR glycoproteins provide novel insights to assess inflammation status and have prognostic value in PLWH.
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14
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Fuertes-Martín R, Moncayo S, Insenser M, Martínez-García MÁ, Luque-Ramírez M, Grau NA, Blanchar XC, Escobar-Morreale HF. Glycoprotein A and B Height-to-Width Ratios as Obesity-Independent Novel Biomarkers of Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). J Proteome Res 2019; 18:4038-4045. [PMID: 31503497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women in reproductive age. Obesity and low-grade chronic inflammation are frequently associated with PCOS. Recently, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-derived glycoprotein profiles have emerged as potential biomarkers that reflect systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and other pathological processes. The aim of this work is to study plasma glycoprotein profiles as metabolic/inflammatory biomarkers underlying PCOS and its association with inflammation and obesity. We used 1H-NMR spectroscopy to study five glycoprotein variables, namely GlycA, GlycB, and GlycF and the height-to-width (H/W) ratio of GlycA and GlycB, in 17 women with PCOS (9 non-obese and 8 obese), 17 control women (9 non-obese and 8 obese), and 19 healthy men (10 non-obese and 9 obese). H/W ratios of GlycA and GlycB, but not glycoprotein areas, were specifically associated with PCOS independently of obesity. When considered as a whole, obese subjects presented higher GlycA, GlycB, and GlycF areas and higher H/W GlycA and GlycB ratios than their non-obese counterparts. All glycoprotein variables were associated with hsCRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, showing different correlations among PCOS, women, and men. Our present exploratory results suggest that 1H-NMR-derived glycoprotein profiles might serve as novel diagnostic markers of low-grade chronic inflammation in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Fuertes-Martín
- 1Biosfer Teslab SL , DEEEA , 43007 Tarragona , Spain.,Metabolomics platform , DEEEA-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV) , 43204 Reus , Spain
| | - Samuel Moncayo
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group , Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) , 28034 Madrid , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Maria Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group , Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) , 28034 Madrid , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - M Ángeles Martínez-García
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group , Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) , 28034 Madrid , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Manuel Luque-Ramírez
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group , Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) , 28034 Madrid , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Xavier Correig Blanchar
- 1Biosfer Teslab SL , DEEEA , 43007 Tarragona , Spain.,Metabolomics platform , DEEEA-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV) , 43204 Reus , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Héctor F Escobar-Morreale
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group , Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) , 28034 Madrid , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
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15
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Carlier A, Berkhof JG, Rozing M, Bouckaert F, Sienaert P, Eikelenboom P, Veerhuis R, Vandenbulcke M, Berkhof J, Stek ML, Rhebergen D, Dols A, Exel EV. Inflammation and remission in older patients with depression treated with electroconvulsive therapy; findings from the MODECT study ✰. J Affect Disord 2019; 256:509-516. [PMID: 31279250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling evidence links elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory markers to poor treatment outcome of antidepressant medication. Little is known about the contribution of low-grade inflammation to treatment response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in severely depressed patients. METHOD Associations between serum levels of CRP, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and tumour necrosis factor-α as well as remission of depression, time to remission, and speed of decline of depressive symptoms were examined in 95 older (mean age: 73.1 years) depressed patients treated with ECT. RESULTS Moderately elevated levels of CRP at baseline (3 to 10 mg/L), but no other inflammatory markers, were associated with higher remission rates. In patients with moderately elevated CRP levels, the odds ratio for remission was 3.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-11.97; p = 0.04). Time to remission was shorter in those with moderately elevated CRP levels (p = 0.05). Speed of decline was higher in patients with moderately elevated CRP levels as compared with those with low CRP levels (decline of 3.2 Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale points per administration vs. 2.3 points per administration, p = 0.03). LIMITATIONS Because of the observational design, residual confounding through other lifestyle or demographic factors cannot be ruled out. CONCLUSIONS Although earlier studies showed that low-grade inflammation contributes to poor treatment response in those treated with antidepressants, our study provides clues that low-grade inflammation does not have such a detrimental effect on the treatment response to ECT. This is underscored by our finding that moderately elevated CRP levels were associated with increased remission rates in depressed patients treated with ECT. Replication studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Carlier
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and NCA Neuroscience Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Johanna G Berkhof
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Rozing
- Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen
| | - Filip Bouckaert
- KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, department of Old Age Psychiatry, Leuven/Kortenberg, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Academic Center for ECT and Neuromodulation, Leuven/Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Pascal Sienaert
- KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Academic Center for ECT and Neuromodulation, Leuven/Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Piet Eikelenboom
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Veerhuis
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and NCA Neuroscience Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Chemistry department, the Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, department of Old Age Psychiatry, Leuven/Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, the Netherlands
| | - Max L Stek
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and NCA Neuroscience Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Didi Rhebergen
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and NCA Neuroscience Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Dols
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and NCA Neuroscience Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric van Exel
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute and NCA Neuroscience Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Agorastos A, Pervanidou P, Chrousos GP, Baker DG. Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:118. [PMID: 30914979 PMCID: PMC6421311 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) could represent a developmental risk factor and mediate risk for disease, leading to higher physical and mental morbidity rates in later life. ELS could exert a programming effect on sensitive neuronal brain networks related to the stress response during critical periods of development and thus lead to enduring hyper- or hypo-activation of the stress system and altered glucocorticoid signaling. In addition, alterations in emotional and autonomic reactivity, circadian rhythm disruption, functional and structural changes in the brain, as well as immune and metabolic dysregulation have been lately identified as important risk factors for a chronically impaired homeostatic balance after ELS. Furthermore, human genetic background and epigenetic modifications through stress-related gene expression could interact with these alterations and explain inter-individual variation in vulnerability or resilience to stress. This narrative review presents relevant evidence from mainly human research on the ten most acknowledged neurobiological allostatic pathways exerting enduring adverse effects of ELS even decades later (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, immune system and inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular system, gut microbiome, sleep and circadian system, genetics, epigenetics, structural, and functional brain correlates). Although most findings back a causal relation between ELS and psychobiological maladjustment in later life, the precise developmental trajectories and their temporal coincidence has not been elucidated as yet. Future studies should prospectively investigate putative mediators and their temporal sequence, while considering the potentially delayed time-frame for their phenotypical expression. Better screening strategies for ELS are needed for a better individual prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agorastos Agorastos
- II. Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Pedersen LR, Olsen RH, Anholm C, Walzem RL, Fenger M, Eugen-Olsen J, Haugaard SB, Prescott E. Weight loss is superior to exercise in improving the atherogenic lipid profile in a sedentary, overweight population with stable coronary artery disease: A randomized trial. Atherosclerosis 2016; 246:221-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Batu Ş, Ofluoğlu D, Ergun S, Warnakulasuriya S, Uslu E, Güven Y, Tanyeri H. Evaluation of prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid contact reactions. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 45:281-8. [PMID: 26661727 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid contact reactions (OLCR) using serum and salivary samples and to compare these biomarkers with each other as well as with a group of healthy subjects in order to be able to opine their role in the estimation of OLP and OLCR. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighteen recently diagnosed patients with OLP, 32 patients with OLCR and 18 healthy controls with matched periodontal status were recruited to the study. Prolidase activity, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), sialic acid (SA), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) levels in both serum and saliva were determined. Additionally, salivary flow rate and its buffering capacity were estimated. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed between the study groups and the control group regarding to the basic characteristics and the periodontal status (P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between OLP and OLCR groups regarding to the distribution of lesions' type, severity, and location (P > 0.05). No significant differences were found between the two study groups with regard to Prolidase activity, MDA, SA, and AOPPs (P ˃ 0.05), whereas statistically significant differences were found between the two study groups and the control group with regard to all evaluated parameters except of serum prolidase (P ˂ 0.01). Moderate correlation was found between salivary MDA and the OLP/OLCR lesion severity, whereas a weak correlation was observed between serum SA and the OLP/OLCR lesion severity (P ˂ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest an increased prolidase activity and oxidative stress and imbalance in the antioxidant defense system in biological fluids of patients with OLP and OLCR when compared with the healthy subjects. Both OLP and OLCR patients revealed almost similar prolidase activity and oxidative stress levels although these two conditions have different etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şule Batu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Ofluoğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sertan Ergun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Department of Oral Medicine and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Ezel Uslu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yegane Güven
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakkı Tanyeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cui Z, Liu K, Wang A, Liu S, Wang F, Li J. Correlation between sialic acid levels in the synovial fluid and the radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:255-259. [PMID: 24944631 PMCID: PMC4061225 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with the presence of inflammation. Sialic acid (SA), an acetylated derivative of neuraminic acid, is reported to be a useful biomarker of inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between SA levels in the serum and synovial fluid (SF) and radiographic severity in patients with knee OA. A total of 234 patients with knee OA were recruited for the study, as well as 20 patients that had suffered a knee injury or fracture (without knee OA) and 160 healthy controls. Radiological grading of OA in the knee was conducted according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system. SA levels in the serum and SF were measured using Warren’s thiobarbituric acid assay. The results demonstrated that knee OA patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of serum SA when compared with the healthy controls, and also significantly elevated levels of SF SA when compared with the knee fracture patients. Higher SA levels in the SF were identified in knee OA patients with KL grade 4 as compared with patients with KL grade 2 or 3. In addition, OA patients of KL grade 3 had significantly higher SA levels in the SF as compared with patients with KL grade 2 (P<0.01). The SA levels in the SF of the knee OA patients positively correlated with the KL grades (r=0.353; P<0.01). However, there was no significant correlation identified between serum SA levels and KL grade. Therefore, SA levels in the SF positively correlated with the radiographic severity of OA, thus, SA levels in the SF may serve as a biomarker for the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Cui
- Rehabilitation College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Kemin Liu
- Rehabilitation College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Anqing Wang
- Rehabilitation College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Sihai Liu
- Rehabilitation College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Rehabilitation College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Rehabilitation College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China ; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
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Circadian rhythmicity, variability and correlation of interleukin-6 levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of healthy men. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 44:71-82. [PMID: 24767621 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with pleiotropic actions in both the periphery of the body and the central nervous system (CNS). Altered IL-6 secretion has been associated with inflammatory dysregulation and several adverse health consequences. However, little is known about the physiological circadian characteristics and dynamic inter-correlation between circulating and CNS IL-6 levels in humans, or their significance. METHODS Simultaneous assessment of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-6 levels was performed hourly in 11 healthy male volunteers over 24h, to characterize physiological IL-6 secretion levels in both compartments. RESULTS IL-6 levels showed considerable within- and between-subject variability in both plasma and CSF, with plasma/CSF ratios revealing consistently higher levels in the CSF. Both CSF and plasma IL-6 levels showed a distinctive circadian variation, with CSF IL-6 levels exhibiting a main 24h, and plasma a biphasic 12h, circadian component. Plasma peaks were roughly at 4 p.m. and 4 a.m., while the CSF peak was at around 7 p.m. There was no correlation between coincident CSF and plasma IL-6 values, but evidence for significant correlations at a negative 7-8h time lag. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence in humans for a circadian IL-6 rhythm in CSF and confirms prior observations reporting a plasma biphasic circadian pattern. Our results indicate differential IL-6 regulation across the two compartments and are consistent with local production of IL-6 in the CNS. Possible physiological significance is discussed and implications for further research are highlighted.
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Pulimamidi VK, Murugesan V, Rajappa M, Satheesh S, Harichandrakumar KT. Increased levels of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis predispose to left atrial thrombus formation. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 7:2445-8. [PMID: 24392368 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/7251.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) causes stagnation of blood flow, leading to thrombus formation in the left atrium (LA), which may lead to systemic thromboembolic complications. We compared alterations in circulating levels of pro-/anti-oxidants and markers of inflammation in patients of severe rheumatic MS with and without LA thrombus and studied their predictive power to detect the presence of LA thrombus in patients with rheumatic MS. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 80 patients with rheumatic MS, evaluated for percutaneous mitral commisurotomy. Group 1 comprised of patients with rheumatic MS with LA thrombus (n=35) and Group 2 included patients with rheumatic MS without LA thrombus (n=45). The following oxidative stress markers-malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls, total oxidant status and total antioxidant status and inflammation markers-high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total sialic acid (TSA) and protein-bound sialic acid (PBSA) were estimated in all study subjects. RESULTS Levels of plasma MDA, protein carbonyl and total oxidant status were significantly elevated, whilst the total antioxidant status levels were significantly lowered, in Group 1, as compared with Group 2. hs-CRP, TSA and PBSA levels showed a significant rise in Group 1 patients, as compared with Group 2. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that circulating levels of MDA, protein carbonyl and PBSA were independent predictors of occurrence of LA thrombus in patients with rheumatic MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Pulimamidi
- M. Sc., Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India
| | - Vengatesan Murugesan
- M. Sc., Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India
| | - Medha Rajappa
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India
| | - Santhosh Satheesh
- Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India
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Richards AA, Fulford AJ, Prentice AM, Moore SE. Birth weight, season of birth and postnatal growth do not predict levels of systemic inflammation in Gambian adults. Am J Hum Biol 2013; 25:457-64. [PMID: 23754612 PMCID: PMC3736150 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Studies testing whether systemic inflammation might lie on the causal pathway between aberrant fetal and post-natal growth patterns and later cardiovascular disease have been inconclusive, possibly due to the use of single markers of unknown predictive value. We used repeated measures of a comprehensive set of inflammatory markers to investigate the relationship between early life measures and systemic inflammation in an African population. Methods Individuals born in three rural villages in The Gambia, and for whom early life measurements were recorded, were traced (n = 320). Fasting levels of eight inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, orosomucoid, fibrinogen, α 1-antichymotrypsin, sialic acid, interleukin-6 and neopterin) were measured, and potential confounding factors recorded. The association between early life measurements and systemic inflammation was assessed using regression analysis. Results Levels of most markers were unrelated to early growth patterns. In analyses adjusted for age and sex, more rapid growth between birth and 3 months of age was associated with higher levels of fibrinogen, orosomucoid, and sialic acid. These relationships persisted after further adjustment for body mass index but after full adjustment only the association with fibrinogen remained. Conclusions This study provides little evidence that size at birth or growth in early infancy determine levels of inflammatory markers in young Gambian adults. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:457–464, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Richards
- Department of Population Health, Medical Research Council (MRC) International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E, 7HT, UK
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Is systemic anti-cancer therapy neurotoxic? Does chemo brain exist? And should we rename it? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 678:86-95. [PMID: 20738010 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6306-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The existence of chemo brain has become almost universally accepted, although many details of the concept are controversial. Data about the different types of cognitive impairment and their duration are not always consistent in the literature. We still do not know which cytotoxic agents are responsible, which characteristics make patients vulnerableand which biologic mechanisms are involved. This chapter reviews the recent literature and provides an actualized definition of chemo brain, including recent functional imaging data and discusses its controversial aspects. Potential underlying mechanisms and their future possible clinical applications in the prevention and treatment of chemo brain are also discussed. These issues are of clinical importance given the prevalence of breast carcinoma, the increased use of chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy, the increasing use of more aggressive dosing schedules and the increasing survival rates. Better-designed future trials should lead to a better definition and understanding of chemo brain and to future therapies.
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van Erk MJ, Wopereis S, Rubingh C, van Vliet T, Verheij E, Cnubben NHP, Pedersen TL, Newman JW, Smilde AK, van der Greef J, Hendriks HFJ, van Ommen B. Insight in modulation of inflammation in response to diclofenac intervention: a human intervention study. BMC Med Genomics 2010; 3:5. [PMID: 20178593 PMCID: PMC2837611 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic systemic low-grade inflammation in obese subjects is associated with health complications including cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance and diabetes. Reducing inflammatory responses may reduce these risks. However, available markers of inflammatory status inadequately describe the complexity of metabolic responses to mild anti-inflammatory therapy. Methods To address this limitation, we used an integrative omics approach to characterize modulation of inflammation in overweight men during an intervention with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac. Measured parameters included 80 plasma proteins, >300 plasma metabolites (lipids, free fatty acids, oxylipids and polar compounds) and an array of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) gene expression products. These measures were submitted to multivariate and correlation analysis and were used for construction of biological response networks. Results A panel of genes, proteins and metabolites, including PGE2 and TNF-alpha, were identified that describe a diclofenac-response network (68 genes in PBMC, 1 plasma protein and 4 plasma metabolites). Novel candidate markers of inflammatory modulation included PBMC expression of annexin A1 and caspase 8, and the arachidonic acid metabolite 5,6-DHET. Conclusion In this study the integrated analysis of a wide range of parameters allowed the development of a network of markers responding to inflammatory modulation, thereby providing insight into the complex process of inflammation and ways to assess changes in inflammatory status associated with obesity. Trial registration The study is registered as NCT00221052 in clinicaltrials.gov database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan J van Erk
- TNO Quality of Life, PO Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, the Netherlands.
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Soler L, Silvia MS, Tecles F, Gutierrez A, Fuentes P, Joaquín JC. Serum Total Sialic Acid in Pigs: New Possibilities for an Old Inflammatory Biomarker. J Vet Diagn Invest 2008; 20:799-803. [DOI: 10.1177/104063870802000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential use of total sialic acid (TSA) as an acute-phase biomarker in pigs was investigated through clinical and analytic validation of an automated commercial enzymatic-colorimetric assay. Intra- and interassay precision, accuracy, and detection limit were determined for the analytical validation of the method. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation (%CV) were 2.27% and 3.99%, respectively, whereas the linearity under dilution calculation resulted in a coefficients of correlation of r = 0.995 and r = 0.999 for TSA high- and low-content serum samples, respectively, which indicated that the automated method was reliable to measure TSA in porcine serum samples. Average serum TSA concentrations in diseased pigs (median: 1779.16 mg/l; 5th percentile: 556.62 mg/l; 95th percentile: 963.06 mg/l) were 2.5-fold higher compared with healthy animals (median: 692.78 mg/l; 5th percentile: 1278.74 mg/l; 95th percentile: 2536.12 mg/l), which indicated that TSA can be considered as a moderate acute phase marker in swine. Therefore, TSA may be useful for detecting inflammatory conditions and could be included in biochemical profiles used to monitor the general status of pigs as a moderate acute phase marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soler
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Martínez-Subiela Silvia
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Gutierrez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Fuentes
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Cerón Joaquín
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Pirgozliev V, Oduguwa† O, Acamovic T, Bedford M. Effects of dietary phytase on performance and nutrient metabolism in chickens. Br Poult Sci 2008; 49:144-54. [DOI: 10.1080/00071660801961447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Miller AH, Ancoli-Israel S, Bower JE, Capuron L, Irwin MR. Neuroendocrine-immune mechanisms of behavioral comorbidities in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:971-82. [PMID: 18281672 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.10.7805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with cancer experience a host of behavioral alterations that include depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction. These behavioral comorbidities are apparent throughout the process of diagnosis and treatment for cancer and can persist well into the survivorship period. There is a rich literature describing potential consequences of behavioral comorbidities in patients with cancer including impaired quality of life, reduced treatment adherence, and increased disease-related morbidity and mortality. Medical complications of cancer and its treatment such as anemia, thyroid dysfunction, and the neurotoxicity of cancer chemotherapeutic agents account in part for these behavioral changes. Nevertheless, recent advances in the neurosciences and immunology/oncology have revealed novel insights into additional pathophysiologic mechanisms that may significantly contribute to the development of cancer-related behavioral changes. Special attention has been focused on immunologic processes, specifically activation of innate immune inflammatory responses and their regulation by neuroendocrine pathways, which, in turn, influence CNS functions including neurotransmitter metabolism, neuropeptide function, sleep-wake cycles, regional brain activity, and, ultimately, behavior. Further understanding of these immunologic influences on the brain provides a novel conceptual framework for integrating the wide spectrum of behavioral alterations that occur in cancer patients and may reveal a more focused array of translational targets for therapeutic interventions and future research. Such developments warrant complementary advances in identification of cancer patients at risk as well as those currently suffering, including an increased emphasis on the status of behavior as a "sixth vital sign" to be assessed in all cancer patients throughout their disease encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, 1365-C Clifton Rd, 5th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Dantzer R, Capuron L, Irwin MR, Miller AH, Ollat H, Perry VH, Rousey S, Yirmiya R. Identification and treatment of symptoms associated with inflammation in medically ill patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008; 33:18-29. [PMID: 18061362 PMCID: PMC2234599 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2007] [Revised: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medically ill patients present with a high prevalence of non-specific comorbid symptoms including pain, sleep disorders, fatigue and cognitive and mood alterations that is a leading cause of disability. However, despite major advances in the understanding of the immune-to-brain communication pathways that underlie the pathophysiology of these symptoms in inflammatory conditions, little has been done to translate this newly acquired knowledge to the clinics and to identify appropriate therapies. In a multidisciplinary effort to address this problem, clinicians and basic scientists with expertise in areas of inflammation, psychiatry, neurosciences and psychoneuroimmunology were brought together in a specialized meeting organized in Bordeaux, France, on May 28-29, 2007. These experts considered key questions in the field, in particular those related to identification and quantification of the predominant symptoms associated with inflammation, definition of systemic and central markers of inflammation, possible domains of intervention for controlling inflammation-associated symptoms, and relevance of animal models of inflammation-associated symptoms. This resulted in a number of recommendations that should improve the recognition and management of inflammation-associated symptoms in medically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dantzer
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, 212 ERML, 1201 W Gregory Drive, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Gonzalez-Quintela A, Alende R, Gude F, Campos J, Rey J, Meijide LM, Fernandez-Merino C, Vidal C. Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) in a general adult population and their relationship with alcohol consumption, smoking and common metabolic abnormalities. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 151:42-50. [PMID: 18005364 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations in relation to demographic factors, common habits (alcohol consumption and smoking) and metabolic abnormalities in an adult population-based survey including 460 individuals. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, a marker of inflammation, were also determined. After adjusting for confounders, male sex was associated positively with IgA levels and negatively with IgM levels. Age was associated positively with IgA and IgG levels. Smoking was associated negatively with IgG levels. Heavy drinking was associated positively with IgA levels. Metabolic abnormalities (obesity and metabolic syndrome) were associated positively with IgA levels. Abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridaemia were the components of metabolic syndrome associated most strongly with serum IgA. Heavy drinkers with metabolic syndrome showed particularly high serum IgA levels. Serum IL-6 levels were correlated positively with IgA and IgG concentrations. It is concluded that sex, age, alcohol consumption, smoking and common metabolic abnormalities should be taken into account when interpreting serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gonzalez-Quintela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Sánchez-Soriano RM, Almenar L, Martínez-Dolz L, Reganon E, Martínez-Sales V, Chamorro CI, Vila V, Martín-Pastor J, Villa P, Salvador A. Diagnostic usefulness of inflammatory markers in acute cellular rejection after heart transplantation. Transplant Proc 2007; 38:2569-71. [PMID: 17098005 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute cellular rejection (ACR) affects early morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation. The diagnostic technique of choice is endomyocardial biopsy. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of inflammatory markers as a noninvasive method to monitor cellular rejection. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively analyzed 73 cardiac transplant patients by determining the serum levels of protein fibrinogen (fgpro), functional fibrinogen (fgfun), C-reactive protein (CRP), and sialic acid (SA) coinciding with an endomyocardial biopsy (5.1 revisions/patient). The statistical methods were chi(2), Student's t-test, and ROC curves. RESULTS Of the 373 controls, significant rejection was detected in 19%. Analysis of the relationship between ACR and the markers showed significantly elevated levels of fgpro (345 +/- 90 versus 307 +/- 74 mg/dL; P = .03), fgfun (361 +/- 101 versus 318 +/- 89 mg/dL; P = .04), and SA (74 +/- 22 versus 66 +/- 15 mg/dL; P = .02), but not CRP (19 +/- 29 versus 10 +/- 21 mg/dL; P = .07). SA displayed a better diagnostic utility (area under the curve 0.7; P < .01), 35% sensitivity, 85% specificity, and 82% negative predictive value for a cutoff point of 80 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS Among the inflammatory markers increased in ACR, SA was the most useful noninvasive tool for screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Sánchez-Soriano
- Cardiac Failure and Transplant Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
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Reganon E, Vila V, Martínez-Sales V, Vayá A, Mira Y, Ferrando F, Aznar J. Sialic acid is an inflammation marker associated with a history of deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Res 2007; 119:73-8. [PMID: 16500696 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Revised: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 12/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) induces a systemic chronic inflammation and it has been associated with atherosclerosis. Increased levels of total sialic acid (TSA) have been shown to correlate with inflammation and atherosclerotic processes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not increased levels of TSA are associated with a history of DVT and with inflammation and coagulation markers, as well as with the lipid profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS TSA, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrin D-dimer (D-dimer), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), endogenous thrombin generation, cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in 68 patients who had suffered, in the previous 6-12 months, a first episode of idiopathic DVT, and in 68 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. RESULTS Levels of TSA, fibrinogen, CRP and D-dimer observed in patients were significantly higher than those detected in healthy subjects. TSA positively correlated with fibrinogen (R=0.47, p<0.01), cholesterol (R=0.46, p<0.01), triglycerides (R=0.38, p<0.01) and CRP (R=0.28, p<0.05). The logistic regression analysis confirmed that both high fibrinogen (> or =340 mg/dl) and cholesterol (> or =267 mg/dl) levels significantly and independently influence the TSA concentration. TSA levels above the 95th percentile of controls (>72 mg/dl) were detected in 33% of patients (OR=8.9; p<0.0001; 95% CI 2.4 to 31.7). CONCLUSIONS Patients with a history of DVT had associated high levels of TSA. In these patients, TSA correlated to markers of inflammation activity and lipid profile. Thus, TSA appears to be a useful vascular inflammatory marker in idiopathic DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edelmiro Reganon
- Research Centre, La Fe University Hospital, Avenida Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain.
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Browning LM, Krebs JD, Moore CS, Mishra GD, O'Connell MA, Jebb SA. The impact of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammation, insulin sensitivity and CVD risk in a group of overweight women with an inflammatory phenotype. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9:70-80. [PMID: 17199721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00576.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is strongly related to obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The metabolic benefits of long chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) may be attributable to its anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether an individual's habitual inflammatory status influences the impact of a LC n-3 PUFA intervention on CVD risk. DESIGN The study was a randomized crossover design. Subjects received LC n-3 PUFA capsules or a placebo for 12 weeks, with 4-week washout between phases. Thirty women, in the top and bottom tertiles of baseline sialic acid concentration, formed raised inflammatory status (top, n = 12) and reference (bottom, n = 18) groups. Baseline data were analysed using one-way anova, differences between treatment phases were calculated at each timepoint and analysed using a random effects model. RESULTS At baseline, the raised inflammatory status group had significantly higher body mass index and area under the curve (AUC) insulin than the reference group. With LC n-3 PUFA supplementation, both groups showed significantly higher plasma eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid at 4 and 12 weeks (p < 0.001), and lower triacylglycerols (4 weeks p < 0.01 and 12 weeks p < 0.05). The difference in AUC insulin between the two treatment phases at 12 weeks was significantly greater in the raised inflammatory status group compared to the reference group (p < 0.05). Inflammatory markers were significantly lower after 12 weeks LC n-3 PUFA supplementation compared to baseline (C-reactive protein p < 0.05 and interleukin-6 p < 0.01), but there was no significant group effect. CONCLUSIONS Habitual inflammatory status influences the impact of LC n-3 PUFA supplementation, but it is not clear whether the effect of LC n-3 PUFA on AUC insulin is mediated through inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Browning
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK.
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Yasukawa Z, Sato C, Sano K, Ogawa H, Kitajima K. Identification of disialic acid-containing glycoproteins in mouse serum: a novel modification of immunoglobulin light chains, vitronectin, and plasminogen. Glycobiology 2006; 16:651-65. [PMID: 16608914 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwj112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum glycoproteins are involved in various biologic activities, such as the removal of exogenous antigens, fibrinolysis, and metal transport. Some of them are also useful markers of inflammation and disease. Although the amount of sialic acid increases following inflammation, little attention has been paid to the presence of linkage-specific epitopes in serum, especially the alpha2,8-linkage. In a previous study, we demonstrated that four components in mouse serum contain alpha2,8-linked disialic acid (diSia), based on immunoreactivity with monoclonal antibody 2-4B, which is specific to N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)alpha2-->(8Neu5Gc alpha2-->)(n-1), n > or = 2 [Yasukawa et al., (2005) Glycobiology, 15, 827-837]. In this study, we purified three components, 30-, 70-, and 120-kDa gp, and identified them as an immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain, vitronectin, and plasminogen, respectively, using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy analyses. Modifications of these proteins with alpha2,8-linked diSia were chemically confirmed by fluorometric C7/C9 analyses and mild acid hydrolysates-fluorometric anion-exchange chromatography analyses. We also demonstrated that the IgG, IgM, and IgE light chains are commonly modified with alpha2,8-linked diSia. In addition, both mouse and rat vitronectin contained diSia, and the amount of disialylation in vitronectin dramatically decreased after hepatectomy. These results indicate that a novel diSia modification of serum glycoproteins is biologically important for immunologic events and fibrinolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenta Yasukawa
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Function, Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Japan
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Zulet MA, Marti A, Parra MD, Martínez JA. Inflammation and conjugated linoleic acid: mechanisms of action and implications for human health. J Physiol Biochem 2006; 61:483-94. [PMID: 16440602 DOI: 10.1007/bf03168454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Data from a number of studies and trials have shown that different conjugated linoleic acids (CLA's) may produce beneficial effects on cancer, atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes and changes in body composition. Despite the increasing knowledge about CLA's implications on health, the mechanism of action of these fatty acids is not completely understood. Moreover, human studies indicate that some of these beneficial effects are considerably less evident than anticipated from mice studies, while the efficacy and safety of dietary supplements containing CLA have been questioned in some intervention trials. Recently, it has been suggested that the anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherosclerosis effects of CLA's stem from its anti-inflammatory properties. Because inflammatory responses are associated with the pathophysiology of many diseases, including obesity and the metabolic syndrome, the investigation in this area is of growing interest in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Zulet
- Departamento de Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Abstract
There is a clear role for inflammation in the development of type 2 diabetes and its associated co-morbidities. Circulating inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, sialic acid, and interleukin- 6 are all significant independent predictors of disease. A number of nutritional components are hypothesized to modulate inflammation, and hence impact on disease risk. The most extensively studied nutrients are the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, evidence is also emerging with respect to whole grain or low glycemic index foods and antioxidant vitamins. Obesity, resulting from long-term dietary energy excess, is also strongly linked to raised inflammatory status and type 2 diabetes. To date, much of the evidence for the effect of nutrients or foods on disease risk has been based on epidemiological associations. However, the links among diet, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes are supported by some data from human dietary intervention trials and/or mechanistic studies in animals. Further research is required to quantify the precise role and refine the evidence base. However, the proposed "anti-inflammatory" strategies to tackle type 2 diabetes are broadly consistent with current public health nutrition guidelines: to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, to reduce saturated fat, to increase the proportion of less refined forms of carbohydrate, and to increase intake of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M Browning
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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St-Pierre AC, Cantin B, Bergeron J, Pirro M, Dagenais GR, Després JP, Lamarche B. Inflammatory markers and long-term risk of ischemic heart disease in men A 13-year follow-up of the Quebec Cardiovascular Study. Atherosclerosis 2006; 182:315-21. [PMID: 16159604 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Revised: 01/28/2005] [Accepted: 02/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that elevated plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen concentrations are independent risk factors and interact in increasing the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in men. A total of 1982 IHD-free men from the Quebec Cardiovascular Study were followed over a period of 13 years during which 210 first fatal IHD events and non-fatal myocardial infarctions were recorded. Increased CRP levels (4th versus 1st quartile) were not associated with an increased risk of IHD after adjustment for non-lipid risk factors (age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, smoking and medication use at baseline), lipid risk factors (LDL and HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels) and for IL-6 and fibrinogen (RR=0.70, 95% CI=0.43-1.13). High plasma IL-6 levels (4th versus 1st quartile) were associated with a 70% greater risk of IHD independent of confounding risk factors and of the other 2 inflammatory markers (RR=1.71, 95% CI=1.07-2.75). The relationship between high fibrinogen levels (4th versus 1st quartile) and IHD risk was borderline significant in multivariate analyses (RR=1.53, 95% CI=0.97-2.43). An inflammation score based on plasma IL-6 and fibrinogen levels improved the IHD risk predictive value of a multivariate model of traditional risk factors (p=0.03). Including plasma CRP levels into the inflammatory score provided no additional predictive value. In conclusion, elevated plasma IL-6 concentrations are more strongly related to IHD risk than CRP and fibrinogen. An inflammation score based on high plasma IL-6 and fibrinogen levels used in combination with traditional risk factors may improve our ability to adequately identify high risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie C St-Pierre
- Department of Nutrition, Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Ste-Foy, Qué., Canada G1K 7P4
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Browning LM, Jebb SA, Mishra GD, Cooke JH, O'Connell MA, Crook MA, Krebs JD. Elevated sialic acid, but not CRP, predicts features of the metabolic syndrome independently of BMI in women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2004; 28:1004-10. [PMID: 15211367 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS C-reactive protein (CRP) is a predictor of many diseases including type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Fewer studies have similarly shown sialic acid (SA) to be a predictor of obesity-related diseases, but importantly SA shows less intra-individual variability than CRP and acts as an integrated marker of the activity of a number of acute-phase proteins. This study examines the association between both CRP and SA with individual and combined features of the metabolic syndrome. SUBJECTS In all, 257 women with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 25.1 to 54.5 kg/m2 (geometric mean 33.1+/-5.8 kg/m2) and aged 19-71 y (mean 45.6+/-12.1 y) were studied. Subjects had no symptoms of intercurrent infection, known diabetes, treated dyslipidaemia, a chronic inflammatory condition, liver disease or malignancy. RESULTS Linear regression demonstrates that both CRP and SA were positively associated with weight, BMI, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. There was a highly significant (P<0.0001) positive association of both SA and CRP with none, one, two, three or four features of the metabolic syndrome. For a 1 s.d. (4.0 mg/l) increase in CRP, there was a significant increased risk when comparing the odds of having metabolic syndrome (defined as three or more individual features) compared with the remainder of the population (odds ratio=1.7, P<0.0001), but this was not significant after adjustment for BMI. However, for a 1 s.d. (0.34 mmol/l) increase in SA, the odds of having metabolic syndrome compared with those without metabolic syndrome was 2.5 (P<0.0001), and persisted after additional adjustment for BMI (adjusted odds ratio=1.9, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS While SA and CRP are both univariately associated with individual features of the metabolic syndrome, SA, but not CRP, is significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome, independent of BMI. We conclude that SA identifies a subgroup of overweight individuals with an inflammatory phenotype, who are at the greatest risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Browning
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK.
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