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Selleri V, Malerba M, D'Alisera R, Seidenari C, Sinigaglia G, Zanini G, Micheloni G, Savino G, Mattioli AV, Curia G, Critelli R, Pinti M, Nasi M. Increase of circulating cell free mitochondrial DNA in amateur boxers after sparring matches. J Sci Med Sport 2025; 28:437-446. [PMID: 39934060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2025.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if circulating mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid levels increase after sport activity involving blows to the head, such as boxing, and if it could play a role in inflammatory cascade regulation in response to trauma. DESIGN Observational, longitudinal. METHODS We measured mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid levels and integrity in ten non-professional male boxers before and after three weekly sparring matches. We set up a protocol to separate three different plasma fractions enriched in mitochondria-containing vesicles, mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid bound to proteins and naked mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid. We quantified the levels of the main cytokines involved in inflammatory response and the levels of neurofilament light, a well-known marker of brain damage. RESULTS Circulating mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid levels increased after each match. In the second fraction, we also observed an increase over the weeks. Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid is less intact after each match if compared with pre-match integrity, especially the naked form which is not protected within vesicles or mitochondria. Circulating levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-10 increased after each match linking traumatic brain injuries to inflammatory state. Neurofilament light chain showed a similar trend to mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid. CONCLUSIONS As mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid displays an inflammatory effect and neurofilament light chain is more specific for brain injury, we concluded that the simultaneous analysis of these two parameters could be helpful to monitor the effects of traumatic brain injury in contact sports, and that mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid is a promising candidate biomarker to study the inflammatory state of patients who suffered repeated traumatic brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Selleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research - INRC, Italy
| | - Mara Malerba
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberta D'Alisera
- Department of Public Healthcare, Sports Medicine Service, Azienda USL of Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Seidenari
- Department of Public Healthcare, Sports Medicine Service, Azienda USL of Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgia Sinigaglia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giada Zanini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Micheloni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gustavo Savino
- Department of Public Healthcare, Sports Medicine Service, Azienda USL of Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research - INRC, Italy; Department of Quality of Life Sciences, Italy
| | - Giulia Curia
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Rosina Critelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; National Institute for Cardiovascular Research - INRC, Italy.
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Zhang YF, Cui N, Yang T, Wang JX, Chen JH, Yang X, Wu YX, Hu LF, Zhang XA, Lu QB, Su X, Li H, Liu W. Endothelial cell-released mitochondrial DNA promotes B cell differentiation and virus replication during severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection. J Virol 2025:e0132324. [PMID: 40366175 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01323-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease acquired through tick bites. We have previously demonstrated the correlation between SFTSV-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation induction, disease progression, and fatal outcome. In the current study, our clinical observation study establishes a strong correlation between elevated levels of circulating cell-free mtDNA and poor prognosis. In vivo studies further reveal endothelial cells as an important source responsible for releasing mtDNA into circulation, which promotes B cell activation, migration, and differentiation via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). Notably, TLR9 activation enhances B-cell susceptibility to SFTSV infection. These findings suggest that mtDNA released by injured endothelial cells facilitates B cell differentiation and virus replication, emphasizing the significant role of mitochondrial damage within endothelial cells in contributing to the severity of SFTS outcomes.IMPORTANCESevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new acute tick-borne infectious disease with a high fatality rate of 10%-50%. There is a strong correlation between SFTSV-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation induction, disease progression, and fatal outcome. Our research has revealed the crucial role of mtDNA in predicting the prognosis of SFTS and its impact on vascular endothelial injuries as well as B cell differentiation, two previously unexplored features of SFTSV infection. Moreover, mtDNA could activate the TLR9 signal to induce plasmablast differentiation in B cells and promote SFTSV infection. This study provides valuable mechanistic and clinical insights into the adverse outcomes associated with SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Cui
- The 154th Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co.Ltd, Xinyang, China
| | - Tong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Fen Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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3
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Giordano L, Ware SA, Lagranha CJ, Kaufman BA. Mitochondrial DNA signals driving immune responses: Why, How, Where? Cell Commun Signal 2025; 23:192. [PMID: 40264103 PMCID: PMC12012978 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-025-02042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025] Open
Abstract
There has been a recent expansion in our understanding of DNA-sensing mechanisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative and proteostatic stresses, instability and impaired disposal of nucleoids cause the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the mitochondria in several human diseases, as well as in cell culture and animal models. Mitochondrial DNA mislocalized to the cytosol and/or the extracellular compartments can trigger innate immune and inflammation responses by binding DNA-sensing receptors (DSRs). Here, we define the features that make mtDNA highly immunogenic and the mechanisms of its release from the mitochondria into the cytosol and the extracellular compartments. We describe the major DSRs that bind mtDNA such as cyclic guanosine-monophosphate-adenosine-monophosphate synthase (cGAS), Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1), NOD-, LRR-, and PYD- domain-containing protein 3 receptor (NLRP3), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), and their downstream signaling cascades. We summarize the key findings, novelties, and gaps of mislocalized mtDNA as a driving signal of immune responses in vascular, metabolic, kidney, lung, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as viral and bacterial infections. Finally, we define common strategies to induce or inhibit mtDNA release and propose challenges to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giordano
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Sarah A Ware
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Claudia J Lagranha
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brett A Kaufman
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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4
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Moresco M, Tropeano CV, Romagnoli M, Neccia G, Rapone A, Pizza F, Vandi S, Mignot E, Maresca A, Carelli V, Plazzi G. Elevated circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA level in cerebrospinal fluid of narcolepsy type 1. Brain Commun 2025; 7:fcaf125. [PMID: 40248349 PMCID: PMC12003949 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaf125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy, thought to result from an autoimmune process targeting the hypothalamic hypocretin-producing neurons. Aiming to add clues to the latter hypothesis, we investigated circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a possible biomarker for neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation or immune activation, from 46 NT1 patients with low CSF hypocretin-1, compared with 32 controls. We found significantly increased ccf-mtDNA levels in NT1 patients compared with controls, which negatively correlated with CSF hypocretin-1 concentrations. Additionally, higher ccf-mtDNA levels were observed in patients with elevated number of sleep onset rapid eye movement periods. These observations imply that increased levels of ccf-mtDNA associate with reduced CSF hypocretin-1 concentrations leading to greater alteration in sleep architecture. Furthermore, cytokine profiling in CSF revealed significant changes in interleukins 6 and 18 in NT1 patients, suggesting an active neuroinflammatory process possibly linked to ccf-mtDNA release, thus pointing to a specific inflammatory signature in NT1. These findings hint a potential mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation in NT1. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and how this may reflect on therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Moresco
- Programma di Neurogenetica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | | | - Martina Romagnoli
- Programma di Neurogenetica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Giulia Neccia
- UOC Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rapone
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Fabio Pizza
- UOC Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Stefano Vandi
- UOC Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alessandra Maresca
- Programma di Neurogenetica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Programma di Neurogenetica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Plazzi
- UOC Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 42121, Italy
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Trumpff C, Shire D, Michelson J, Bobba-Alves N, Yu T, Sloan RP, Juster RP, Hirano M, Picard M. Saliva and Blood Cell-Free mtDNA Reactivity to Acute Psychosocial Stress. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2025:2025.04.09.25325473. [PMID: 40297454 PMCID: PMC12036402 DOI: 10.1101/2025.04.09.25325473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
Human blood contains cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) that dynamically increases in concentration in response to acute mental stress. Like other neuroendocrine stress markers, we previously found that cf-mtDNA is also detectable in saliva, calling for studies examining saliva cf-mtDNA reactivity to mental stress. In healthy women and men from the MiSBIE (Mitochondrial Stress, Brain Imaging, and Epigenetics) study (n=68, 66% women), a brief socio-evaluative stressor induced a striking 280% or 2.8-fold increase in saliva cf-mtDNA concentration within 10 minutes (g=0.55, p<0.0001). In blood drawn concurrently with saliva sampling, stress increased cf-mtDNA by an average 32% at 60 min in serum (g=0.20), but not in anticoagulated plasma where cf-mtDNA decreased by 19% at 60 min (g=0.25). Examining the influence of mitochondrial health on cf-mtDNA reactivity in participants with rare mitochondrial diseases (MitoD), we report that a subset of MitoD participants exhibit markedly blunted saliva cf-mtDNA stress reactivity, suggesting that bioenergetic defects within mitochondria may influence the magnitude of saliva, and possibly blood cf-mtDNA responses. Our results document robust saliva cf-mtDNA stress reactivity and provide a methodology to examine the psychobiological regulation of cell-free mitochondria in future studies.
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6
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Trumpff C, Shire D, Lee S, Stanko K, Wilson A, Kaufman BA, Picard M, Marsland AL. Effects of acute psychological stress on blood cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA): A crossover experimental study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2025:2025.04.08.25325479. [PMID: 40297432 PMCID: PMC12036397 DOI: 10.1101/2025.04.08.25325479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
In response to acute stress, prior studies have found an increase in circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, highlighting two potential inter-related mechanisms by which stressors can get under the skin. However, prior studies lacked a resting control condition to isolate the effect of psychological stress from other aspects related to laboratory procedures. Here, we conducted a crossover experimental trial examining responses to a socio-evaluative stressor under laboratory conditions. 72 volunteers (age 20-50, 48% women) were tested on two occasions, counterbalanced, separated by at least a month. On one occasion, they were exposed to a 5-min socio-evaluative stressor (speech task), and on the other occasion, rested for the same period. Blood samples were obtained at 10 timepoints from pre- to 2 hours post-exposure to assess neuroendocrine (cortisol, catecholamines), pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-ɑ), and both plasma and serum cf-mtDNA responses. Compared to the control visit, the stressor significantly increased anxiety, heart rate, blood pressure, cortisol, and norepinephrine ( p 's<0.05-0.0001), confirming the psychobiological impact of the stressor. Unexpectedly, IL-6 and plasma cf-mtDNA increased (time effect p <0.0001) in both the stress and control conditions. While no significant effect of time was found for serum cf-mtDNA, plasma cf-mtDNA showed a bi-phasic response with an initial 22-24% increase at 5-10 min (g=0.07, stress-control visits), followed by a decrease and another 70-81% increase from 45 to 75 min (g=0.59 (stress visit), g=0.41 (control visit)). There were no significant associations between the pro-inflammatory and cf-mtDNA responses, pointing to their independent regulation. While mood, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine reactivity were selectively induced by socio-evaluative stress, IL-6 and blood cf-mtDNA increased across both the stress and control conditions, suggesting that these biomarkers may reflect non-specific responses to the laboratory protocols (e.g., blood draw) rather than to socio-evaluative stress itself.
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7
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Mirvis M, Weingard B, Goodman SN, Marshall WF. A scoping study of the whole-cell imaging literature: a foundational corpus, potential for mesoscale data synthesis, and implications for standardization of an emerging field. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.02.03.636363. [PMID: 39975100 PMCID: PMC11838562 DOI: 10.1101/2025.02.03.636363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
The level of cellular organization bridging the mesoscale and whole-cell scale is coming into focus as a new frontier in cell biology. Great progress has been made in unraveling the complex physical and functional interconnectivity of organelles, but how the entire organelle network is spatially arranged within the cytoplasm is only beginning to be explored. Drawing on cross-disciplinary research synthesis methods, we systematically curated the whole-cell volumetric imaging literature, resulting in a corpus consisting of 89 studies and 118 image datasets. We describe the trajectory and current state of the field between 2004 and 2024. A broad characterization, or "scoping review", of bibliometrics, study design, and reporting practices shows accelerating technological development and research output. We find high variability in study design and reporting practices, including imaging modality, model organism, cellular contexts, organelles imaged, and analyses. Due to the laborious, low-throughput nature of most volumetric imaging methods, we find trends toward small sample sizes (<10 cells) and small cell types. We describe common quantitative analyses across studies, including volumetric ratios of organelles and inter-organelle contact analyses. This work establishes the initial iteration of a growing dataset of whole-cell imaging literature and data, and motivates a call for standardized whole-cell imaging study design, reporting, and data sharing practices in the context of an emerging sub-field of cell biology. Our curated dataset now provides the basis for a plethora of future aggregate and comparative analyses to reveal larger patterns and generalized hypotheses about the systems behavior and regulation of whole-cell organelle networks. More broadly, we showcase the potential of new rigorous secondary research methods to strengthen cell biology's literature review and reproducibility toolkit, create new avenues for discovery, and promote open research practices that support secondary data-reuse and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Mirvis
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Brooke Weingard
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Steven N Goodman
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Wallace F Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Kumar SD, Ghosh J, Ghosh S, Eswarappa SM. Emerging concepts in the molecular cell biology and functions of mammalian erythrocytes. J Biol Chem 2025; 301:108331. [PMID: 39984047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2025.108331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 02/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are essential components of vertebrate blood, comprising approximately 45% of human blood volume. Their distinctive features, including small size, biconcave shape, extended lifespan (∼115 days), and lack of a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles, make them unique among mammalian cell types. Traditionally regarded as passive carriers of oxygen and carbon dioxide, erythrocytes were long thought to function merely as hemoglobin-filled sacs, incapable of gene expression or roles beyond gas transport. However, advancements in molecular biology have revealed a more complex picture. Recent studies have identified various RNA types within erythrocytes, demonstrated globin mRNA translation, and uncovered miRNA-mediated defenses against Plasmodium infection. Beyond gas exchange, erythrocytes play critical roles in regulating regional blood flow via nitric oxide, contribute to innate immunity through toll-like receptors, transport amino acids between tissues, and maintain water homeostasis. Furthermore, emerging technologies have repurposed erythrocytes as drug-delivery vehicles, opening new avenues for therapeutic applications. This review highlights these recent discoveries and explores the expanding functional landscape of erythrocytes, shedding light on their multifaceted roles in physiology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Devi Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Japita Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swati Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sandeep M Eswarappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India.
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Chen Z, Behrendt R, Wild L, Schlee M, Bode C. Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing as driver of critical illness: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2025; 10:90. [PMID: 40102400 PMCID: PMC11920230 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-025-02174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids from both self- and non-self-sources act as vital danger signals that trigger immune responses. Critical illnesses such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, trauma and ischemia lead to the aberrant cytosolic accumulation and massive release of nucleic acids that are detected by antiviral innate immune receptors in the endosome or cytosol. Activation of receptors for deoxyribonucleic acids and ribonucleic acids triggers inflammation, a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. In the past decade, there has been growing recognition of the therapeutic potential of targeting nucleic acid sensing in critical care. This review summarizes current knowledge of nucleic acid sensing in acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, trauma and ischemia. Given the extensive research on nucleic acid sensing in common pathological conditions like cancer, autoimmune disorders, metabolic disorders and aging, we provide a comprehensive summary of nucleic acid sensing beyond critical illness to offer insights that may inform its role in critical conditions. Additionally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies that specifically target nucleic acid sensing. By examining nucleic acid sources, sensor activation and function, as well as the impact of regulating these pathways across various acute diseases, we highlight the driving role of nucleic acid sensing in critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lennart Wild
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Bode
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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Chang MM, Chu DT, Lin SC, Lee JS, Vu TD, Vu HT, Ramasamy TS, Lin SP, Wu CC. Enhanced mitochondrial function and delivery from adipose-derived stem cell spheres via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ pathway for advanced therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2025; 16:129. [PMID: 40069892 PMCID: PMC11899936 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-025-04164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microenvironmental alterations induce significant genetic and epigenetic changes in stem cells. Mitochondria, essential for regenerative capabilities, provide the necessary energy for stem cell function. However, the specific roles of histone modifications and mitochondrial dynamics in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) during morphological transformations remain poorly understood. In this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which ASC sphere formation enhances mitochondrial function, delivery, and rescue efficiency. METHODS ASCs were cultured on chitosan nano-deposited surfaces to form 3D spheres. Mitochondrial activity and ATP production were assessed using MitoTracker staining, Seahorse XF analysis, and ATP luminescence assays. Single-cell RNA sequencing, followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), was conducted to uncover key regulatory pathways, which were validated through molecular techniques. Pathway involvement was confirmed using epigenetic inhibitors or PPARγ-modulating drugs. Mitochondrial structural integrity and delivery efficiency were evaluated after isolation. RESULTS Chitosan-induced ASC spheres exhibited unique compact mitochondrial morphology, characterized by condensed cristae, enhanced mitochondrial activity, and increased ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. High expressions of mitochondrial complex I genes and elevated levels of mitochondrial complex proteins were observed without an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Epigenetic modification of H3K27me3 and PPARγ involvement were discovered and confirmed by inhibiting H3K27me3 with the specific EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 and by adding the PPARγ agonist Rosiglitazone (RSG). Isolated mitochondria from ASC spheres showed improved structural stability and delivery efficiency, suppressed the of inflammatory cytokines in LPS- and TNFα-induced inflamed cells, and rescued cells from damage, thereby enhancing function and promoting recovery. CONCLUSION Enhancing mitochondrial ATP production via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ pathway offers an alternative strategy to conventional cell-based therapies. High-functional mitochondria and delivery efficiency show significant potential for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Min Chang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Dinh Toi Chu
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 1000, Vietnam
| | - Sheng-Che Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan, 70965, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Duong Vu
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 1000, Vietnam
| | - Hue Thi Vu
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 1000, Vietnam
| | - Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Mengozzi A, Armenia S, De Biase N, Punta LD, Cappelli F, Duranti E, Nannipieri V, Remollino R, Tricò D, Virdis A, Taddei S, Pugliese NR, Masi S. Circulating mitochondrial DNA signature in cardiometabolic patients. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2025; 24:106. [PMID: 40045401 PMCID: PMC11884014 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-025-02656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cardiometabolic diseases. Circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) profiles could refine risk stratification, but current methods do not account for different fractions of circulating mtDNA. We investigated whether patients with type 2 diabetes and/or heart failure (HF) have a specific signature of the total circulating mtDNA profile, including intracellular and cell-free fractions. METHODS We performed a complete clinical assessment, including blood tests, 12-lead ECG and ultrasound at rest and during cardiopulmonary exercise. Ultrasound congestion was defined at rest as inferior vena cava of ≥ 21 mm, lung B-lines ≥ 4, or discontinuous renal venous flow. In fasting whole blood and plasma samples collected at rest, we simultaneously measured the copy number of the cellular and cell-free components of mtDNA by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using custom standards. We calculated the ratio of cell mtDNA to cell-free mtDNA as an index of mitochondrial efficiency. RESULTS We enrolled 120 consecutive patients: 50 (42%) with HF and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), 40 (33%) with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and 30 (25%) at risk of developing HF; 42/120 (35%) had diabetes. Cell-free mtDNA was increased in patients with HF (with higher levels in HFrEF than HFpEF) and those with diabetes. Cell-free mtDNA was also higher in patients with systemic inflammation (expressed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] ≥ 0.2 mg/dL with neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR] > 3) and more ultrasound signs of congestion. The cell/cell-free mtDNA ratio showed opposite trends (all p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in cell mtDNA. Cell-free mtDNA and mtDNA ratio independently predicted the presence of ≥ 2 ultrasound signs of congestion and effort intolerance (peak oxygen consumption < 16 mL/kg/min) at ROC analysis and using multivariable regressions after adjustment for age, sex, hs-CRP, NLR, high-sensitivity Troponin T and NT-proBNP. CONCLUSIONS Patients with HF and diabetes have an altered circulating mtDNA signature characterised by higher cell-free mtDNA and lower mtDNA ratio, whereas cellular mtDNA remains unaffected. Cell-free mtDNA and mtDNA ratio are associated with impaired response to exercise, higher systemic inflammation and increased congestion. Circulating mitochondrial profile could be a new biomarker of mitochondrial status in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Armenia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicolò De Biase
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lavinia Del Punta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emiliano Duranti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Virginia Nannipieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Remollino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Domenico Tricò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agostino Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Riccardo Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Freimane L, Kivrāne A, Ulanova V, Vīksna A, Sevostjanovs E, Grīnberga S, Cīrule A, Krams A, Ranka R. Fluctuations in circulating cell-free mitochondrial and nuclear DNA copy numbers in blood plasma after anti-tuberculosis drug intake in patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2025; 151:102611. [PMID: 39862444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2025.102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
Biomarker research characterising the effect of anti-tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy on systemic body response is still limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate fluctuations in circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) and circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (ccf-nDNA) copy number (CN) in blood plasma of patients with drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) and to decipher factors related to these fluctuations. The results showed considerable changes in ccf-mtDNA CN in plasma samples before drug intake and 2 and 6 h afterwards, with high inter patient variability at each time point. Multivariate linear regression revealed that the dynamics of ccf-mtDNA CN was influenced by patients' age, ethambutol pharmacokinetics, and body-mass index (BMI); ethambutol exposure emerged as the most significant factor. Very low ccf-nDNA CN in all three time points with little variation was observed; none factors were strongly associated with ccf-nDNA. In conclusion, our study revealed the effect of anti-TB chemotherapy, age and BMI on acute changes in circulating ccf-mtDNA CN in blood plasma and highlighted the systemic, mitochondria-related effects of ethambutol in patients with TB. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to understand the biological relevance of ccf-DNA in patients with TB and to validate its application in TB treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauma Freimane
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites street 1, k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Agnija Kivrāne
- Riga Stradiņš University, Pharmacogenetic and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Konsula street 21, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Viktorija Ulanova
- Riga Stradiņš University, Pharmacogenetic and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Konsula street 21, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Anda Vīksna
- Riga Stradiņš University, Pharmacogenetic and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Konsula street 21, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia; Riga East University Hospital, Centre of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Upeslejas, Stopinu district, LV-2118, Latvia
| | - Eduards Sevostjanovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles street 21, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Solveiga Grīnberga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles street 21, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Andra Cīrule
- Riga East University Hospital, Centre of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Upeslejas, Stopinu district, LV-2118, Latvia
| | - Alvils Krams
- Riga East University Hospital, Centre of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Upeslejas, Stopinu district, LV-2118, Latvia; University of Latvia, Raiņa bulvāris 19, Rīga, LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Renāte Ranka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites street 1, k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia; Riga Stradiņš University, Pharmacogenetic and Precision Medicine Laboratory, Konsula street 21, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.
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13
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Trumpff C, Huang Q, Michelson J, Liu CC, Shire D, Habeck CG, Stern Y, Picard M. Blood mitochondrial health markers cf-mtDNA and GDF15 in human aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.01.28.635306. [PMID: 39974983 PMCID: PMC11838371 DOI: 10.1101/2025.01.28.635306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
Altered mitochondria biology can accelerate biological aging, but scalable biomarkers of mitochondrial health for population studies are lacking. We examined two potential candidates: 1) cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA), a marker of mitochondrial signaling elevated with disease states accessible as distinct biological entities from plasma or serum; and 2) growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), an established biomarker of biological aging downstream of mitochondrial energy transformation defects and stress signaling. In a cohort of 430 participants aged 24-84 (54.2% women), we measured plasma and serum cf-mtDNA, and plasma GDF15 levels at two timepoints 5 years apart, then assessed their associations with age, BMI, diabetes, sex, health-related behaviors, and psychosocial factors. As expected, GDF15 showed a positive, exponential association with age (r=0.66, p<0.0001) and increased by 33% over five years. cf-mtDNA was not correlated with GDF15 or age. BMI and sex were also not related to cf-mtDNA nor GDF15. Type 2 diabetes was only positively associated with GDF15. Exploring potential drivers of systemic mitochondrial stress signaling, we report a novel association linking higher education to lower age-adjusted GDF15 (r=-0.14, p<0.0034), both at baseline and the 5-year follow up, highlighting a potential influence of psychosocial factors on mitochondrial health. Overall, our findings among adults spanning six decades of lifespan establish associations between age, diabetes and GDF15, an emerging marker of mitochondrial stress signaling. Further studies are needed to determine if the associations of blood GDF15 with age and metabolic stress can be moderated by psychosocial factors or health-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Trumpff
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qiuhan Huang
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Michelson
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia C. Liu
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Shire
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian G. Habeck
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- H. Houston Merritt Center for Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Huang Q, Shire D, Hollis F, Abuaish S, Picard M, Monk C, Duman EA, Trumpff C. Associations between prenatal distress, mitochondrial health, and gestational age: findings from two pregnancy studies in the USA and Turkey. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2024.10.16.618719. [PMID: 39464008 PMCID: PMC11507865 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.16.618719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study examined associations between mitochondrial markers-circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) and Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF15)-with maternal distress and pregnancy outcomes. Method Participants were drawn from two pregnancy studies, EPI (N=187, USA) and BABIP (N=198, Turkey). Plasma cf-mtDNA and GDF15 levels were quantified using qPCR and ELISA assays. Results Plasma cf-mtDNA levels did not significantly vary across pregnancy, while plasma GDF15 levels increased from early to late pregnancy and decreased postpartum. Late 2nd trimester plasma GDF15 was negatively correlated with pre-pregnancy BMI (p=0.035) and gestational age (p=0.0048) at birth. Early 2nd trimester maternal distress was associated with lower cf-mtDNA (p<0.05) and a trend for lower GDF15. Higher pre-pregnancy BMI and late-pregnancy maternal distress were linked to smaller postpartum GDF15 declines in EPI (p<0.05). Conclusion This study reveals distinct plasma cf-mtDNA and GDF15 patterns during the perinatal period, linking mitochondrial markers to maternal distress and pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhan Huang
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Shire
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fiona Hollis
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sameera Abuaish
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Monk
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elif Aysimi Duman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caroline Trumpff
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Limberg AS, Berg F, Köper E, Lindgraf C, Gevers C, Kumsta R, Hummel EM, Moser DA. Cell-free DNA release following psychosocial and physical stress in women and men. Transl Psychiatry 2025; 15:26. [PMID: 39863589 PMCID: PMC11763022 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-025-03242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is continuously shed by all cells in the body, but the regulation of this process and its physiological functions are still largely unknown. Previous research has demonstrated that both nuclear (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial (cf-mtDNA) cfDNA levels increase in plasma in response to acute psychosocial and physical stress in males. This study further investigated these findings by testing 31 female participants (16 using oral hormonal contraception and 15 not using oral hormonal contraception), and the results were subsequently compared with those of 16 male participants. In addition, cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA were comparatively quantified in both plasma and saliva at four time points, 2 min before and 2, 15, and 45 min after stress induction. A novel method was implemented to facilitate the straightforward collection of capillary blood by non-medical personnel for plasma analysis. While cf-mtDNA is readily detectable in body fluids due to its high copy number, the quantification of cf-nDNA is challenging due to its low abundance. To overcome this, a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol targeting L1PA2 elements, which are prevalent in the human genome, was utilized. The analysis indicated significantly elevated levels of cf-nDNA in both plasma and saliva in all participants, irrespective of gender, following psychosocial and physical stress. Conversely, neither plasma nor saliva exhibited a consistent or stress-induced release pattern for cf-mtDNA. CfDNA is a promising biomarker that is consistently released after stress in both men and women and can be detected in both plasma and saliva. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of cfDNA release from specific cells and to understand its biological function in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Limberg
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
| | - F Berg
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
| | - E Köper
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
| | - C Lindgraf
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
| | - C Gevers
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
| | - R Kumsta
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Laboratory for Stress and Gene-Environment Interplay, University of Luxemburg, Porte des Sciences, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - E M Hummel
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany
| | - D A Moser
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, Germany.
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Rodrigues KB, Weng Z, Graham ZA, Lavin K, McAdam J, Tuggle SC, Peoples B, Seay R, Yang S, Bamman MM, Broderick TJ, Montgomery SB. Exercise intensity and training alter the innate immune cell type and chromosomal origins of circulating cell-free DNA in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2025; 122:e2406954122. [PMID: 39805013 PMCID: PMC11761974 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406954122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Exercising regularly promotes health, but these benefits are complicated by acute inflammation induced by exercise. A potential source of inflammation is cell-free DNA (cfDNA), yet the cellular origins, molecular causes, and immune system interactions of exercise-induced cfDNA are unclear. To study these, 10 healthy individuals were randomized to a 12-wk exercise program of either high-intensity tactical training (HITT) or traditional moderate-intensity training (TRAD). Blood plasma was collected pre- and postexercise at weeks 0 and 12 and after 4 wk of detraining upon program completion. Whole-genome enzymatic methylation sequencing (EM-seq) with cell-type proportion deconvolution was applied to cfDNA obtained from the 50 plasma samples and paired to concentration measurements for 90 circulating cytokines. Acute exercise increased the release of cfDNA from neutrophils, dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages proportional to exercise intensity. Exercise training reduced cfDNA released in HITT participants but not TRAD and from DCs and macrophages but not neutrophils. For most participants, training lowered mitochondrial cfDNA at rest, even after detraining. Using a sequencing analysis approach we developed, we concluded that rapid ETosis, a process of cell death where cells release DNA extracellular traps, was the likely source of cfDNA, demonstrated by enrichment of nuclear DNA. Further, several cytokines were induced by acute exercise, such as IL-6, IL-10, and IL-16, and training attenuated the induction of only IL-6 and IL-17F. Cytokine levels were not associated with cfDNA induction, suggesting that these cytokines are not the main cause of exercise-induced cfDNA. Overall, exercise intensity and training modulated cfDNA release and cytokine responses, contributing to the anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameron B. Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Ziming Weng
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Zachary A. Graham
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL32502
| | - Kaleen Lavin
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL32502
| | - Jeremy McAdam
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL32502
| | - S. Craig Tuggle
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL32502
| | - Brandon Peoples
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Regina Seay
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Sufen Yang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL32502
| | - Timothy J. Broderick
- Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL32502
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17
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Jin K, Teng Z, Li J, Qiu Y, Li S, Xu X, Wang L, Chen J, Huang J, Xiang H, Wu H, Tang H. Differences in cognitive impairment and its correlation with circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in medication-free depression and bipolar depression patients. J Affect Disord 2025; 369:765-771. [PMID: 39343310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in cognitive impairment between medication-free patients with bipolar depression (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) and whether these differences are related to circulating cell-free mtDNA (ccf-mtDNA). METHODS For this cross-sectional study, 76 outpatients with BD, 86 outpatients with MDD and 70 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Stroop Color-Word Test were used to assess cognitive function. Plasma ccf-mtDNA levels were measured via qPCR. RESULTS BD and MDD patients had similar scores for immediate memory, language, attention, delayed memory, the RBANS total score, Stroop color, Stroop word, and Stroop total score, which were significantly lower than the HCs. The visuospatial/constructive scores of the BD patients were significantly lower than those of the HCs (p < 0.001) and MDD patients (p = 0.008), but there was no difference between the HCs and MDD patients. The ccf-mtDNA levels in the BD and MDD patient groups were significantly higher than those in the HC group, and those in the MDD group were higher than those in the BD group (p = 0.016). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that ccf-mtDNA was negatively correlated with language in patients with depression (t = -2.11, p = 0.039). CONCLUSION There were differences in specific cognitive dimensions between patients with BD and MDD. Increased ccf-mtDNA levels were found in BD and MDD patients, suggesting ccf-mtDNA may be involved in the pathophysiology of MDD and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ziwei Teng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Brain hospital), Clinical Research Center for Depressive Disorder in Hunan Province, 410021 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Xiamen 361012, Fujian, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xuelei Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Brain hospital), Clinical Research Center for Depressive Disorder in Hunan Province, 410021 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Haishan Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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18
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Brestoff JR, Singh KK, Aquilano K, Becker LB, Berridge MV, Boilard E, Caicedo A, Crewe C, Enríquez JA, Gao J, Gustafsson ÅB, Hayakawa K, Khoury M, Lee YS, Lettieri-Barbato D, Luz-Crawford P, McBride HM, McCully JD, Nakai R, Neuzil J, Picard M, Rabchevsky AG, Rodriguez AM, Sengupta S, Sercel AJ, Suda T, Teitell MA, Thierry AR, Tian R, Walker M, Zheng M. Recommendations for mitochondria transfer and transplantation nomenclature and characterization. Nat Metab 2025; 7:53-67. [PMID: 39820558 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Abstract
Intercellular mitochondria transfer is an evolutionarily conserved process in which one cell delivers some of their mitochondria to another cell in the absence of cell division. This process has diverse functions depending on the cell types involved and physiological or disease context. Although mitochondria transfer was first shown to provide metabolic support to acceptor cells, recent studies have revealed diverse functions of mitochondria transfer, including, but not limited to, the maintenance of mitochondria quality of the donor cell and the regulation of tissue homeostasis and remodelling. Many mitochondria-transfer mechanisms have been described using a variety of names, generating confusion about mitochondria transfer biology. Furthermore, several therapeutic approaches involving mitochondria-transfer biology have emerged, including mitochondria transplantation and cellular engineering using isolated mitochondria. In this Consensus Statement, we define relevant terminology and propose a nomenclature framework to describe mitochondria transfer and transplantation as a foundation for further development by the community as this dynamic field of research continues to evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Brestoff
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, I Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmhingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Lance B Becker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhassett, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michael V Berridge
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Eric Boilard
- Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrés Caicedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina and Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Clair Crewe
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de salud Carlos III (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Åsa B Gustafsson
- Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kazuhide Hayakawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratories, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital East 149-2401, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Maroun Khoury
- IMPACT Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- IMPACT Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Heidi M McBride
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - James D McCully
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ritsuko Nakai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center for Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander G Rabchevsky
- Department of Physiology & the Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- UMR CNRS 8263, INSERM U1345, Development, Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Paris, France
| | | | - Alexander J Sercel
- MitoWorld, National Laboratory for Education Transformation, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Toshio Suda
- Institute of Hematology, Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Michael A Teitell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alain R Thierry
- Institute of Research in Cancerology of Montpellier, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, ICM, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melanie Walker
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School of the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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19
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He H, Huang W, Pan Z, Wang L, Yang Z, Chen Z. Intercellular Mitochondrial transfer: Therapeutic implications for energy metabolism in heart failure. Pharmacol Res 2025; 211:107555. [PMID: 39710083 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2024] [Revised: 12/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains one of the leading causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Impaired cardiac energy metabolism plays a critical role in the pathological progression of HF. Various forms of HF exhibit marked differences in energy metabolism, particularly in mitochondrial function and substrate utilization. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted that improving energy metabolism in HF patients as a crucial treatment strategy. Mitochondrial transfer is emerging as a promising and precisely regulated therapeutic strategy for treating metabolic disorders. This paper specifically reviews the characteristics of mitochondrial energy metabolism across different types of HF and explores the modes and mechanisms of mitochondrial transfer between different cell types in the heart, such as cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and immune cells. We focused on the therapeutic potential of intercellular mitochondrial transfer in improving energy metabolism disorders in HF. We also discuss the role of signal transduction in mitochondrial transfer, highlighting that mitochondria not only function as energy factories but also play crucial roles in intercellular communication, metabolic regulation, and tissue repair. This study provides new insights into improving energy metabolism in heart failure patients and proposes promising new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Zigang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Zhongqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou 510405, PR China.
| | - Zixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou 510405, PR China.
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20
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Ying C, Li Y, Zhang H, Pang S, Hao S, Hu S, Zhao L. Probing the diagnostic values of plasma cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA for Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1488820. [PMID: 39687490 PMCID: PMC11647036 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1488820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cell loss and mitochondrial dysfunction are key pathological features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). It remains unclear whether disease-specific changes in plasma circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) occur in patients with PD and MSA. In this study, we investigated whether plasma cf-nDNA, cf-mtDNA levels, as well as cf-mtDNA integrity, are altered in patients with PD and MSA. Methods TaqMan probe-based quantitative PCR was employed to measure plasma cf-nDNA levels, cf-mtDNA copy numbers, and cf-mtDNA deletion levels in 171 participants, including 76 normal controls (NC), 62 PD patients, and 33 MSA patients. A generalized linear model was constructed to analyze differences in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) biomarkers across clinical groups, while a logistic regression model was applied to assess the predictive values of these biomarkers for developing PD or MSA. Spearman correlations were used to explore associations between the three cfDNA biomarkers, demographic data, and clinical scales. Results No significant differences in plasma cf-nDNA levels, cf-mtDNA copy numbers, or cf-mtDNA deletion levels were observed among the PD, MSA, and NC groups (all P > 0.05). Additionally, these measures were not associated with the risk of developing PD or MSA. In PD patients, cf-nDNA levels were positively correlated with Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores (Rho = 0.382, FDR adjusted P = 0.027). In MSA patients, cf-nDNA levels were positively correlated with International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale scores (Rho = 0.588, FDR adjusted P = 0.011) and negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (Rho = -0.484, FDR adjusted P = 0.044). Subgroup analysis showed that PD patients with constipation had significantly lower plasma cf-mtDNA copy numbers than those without constipation (P = 0.049). MSA patients with cognitive impairment had significantly higher cf-nDNA levels compared to those without (P = 0.008). Conclusion Plasma cf-nDNA level, cf-mtDNA copy number, and cf-mtDNA deletion level have limited roles as diagnostic biomarkers for PD and MSA. However, their correlations with clinical symptoms support the hypothesis that cell loss and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in PD and MSA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ying
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease Center for Beijing Institute on Brain Disorders, Clinical and Research Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Pang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwen Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Songnian Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease Center for Beijing Institute on Brain Disorders, Clinical and Research Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Biobank and Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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21
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Ferrucci L, Guerra F, Bucci C, Marzetti E, Picca A. Mitochondria break free: Mitochondria-derived vesicles in aging and associated conditions. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 102:102549. [PMID: 39427885 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy is the intracellular recycling system that disposes damaged/inefficient mitochondria and allows biogenesis of new organelles to ensure mitochondrial quality is optimized. Dysfunctional mitophagy has been implicated in human aging and diseases. Multiple evolutionarily selected, redundant mechanisms of mitophagy have been identified, but their specific roles in human health and their potential exploitation as therapeutic targets are unclear. Recently, the characterization of the endosomal-lysosomal system has revealed additional mechanisms of mitophagy and mitochondrial quality control that operate via the production of mitochondria-derived vesicles (MDVs). Circulating MDVs can be isolated and characterized to provide an unprecedented opportunity to study this type of mitochondrial recycling in vivo and to relate it to human physiology and pathology. Defining the role of MDVs in human physiology, pathology, and aging is hampered by the lack of standardized methods to isolate, validate, and characterize these vesicles. Hence, some basic questions about MDVs remain unanswered. While MDVs are generated directly through the extrusion of mitochondrial membranes within the cell, a set of circulating extracellular vesicles leaking from the endosomal-lysosomal system and containing mitochondrial portions have also been identified and warrant investigation. Preliminary research indicates that MDV generation serves multiple biological roles and contributes to restoring cell homeostasis. However, studies have shown that MDVs may also be involved in pathological conditions. Therefore, further research is warranted to establish when/whether MDVs are supporting disease progression and/or are extracting damaged mitochondrial components to alleviate cellular oxidative burden and restore redox homeoastasis. This information will be relevant for exploiting these vesicles for therapeutic purpose. Herein, we provide an overview of preclinical and clinical studies on MDVs in aging and associated conditions and discuss the interplay between MDVs and some of the hallmarks of aging (mitophagy, inflammation, and proteostasis). We also outline open questions on MDV research that should be prioritized by future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ferrucci
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy.
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22
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Wevers A, San Roman-Mata S, Navarro-Ledesma S, Pruimboom L. The Role of Insulin Within the Socio-Psycho-Biological Framework in Type 2 Diabetes-A Perspective from Psychoneuroimmunology. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2539. [PMID: 39595105 PMCID: PMC11591609 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between socio-psychological factors and biological systems is pivotal in defining human health and disease, particularly in chronic non-communicable diseases. Recent advancements in psychoneuroimmunology and mitochondrial psychobiology have emphasized the significance of psychological factors as critical determinants of disease onset, progression, recurrence, and severity. These insights align with evolutionary biology, psychology, and psychiatry, highlighting the inherent social nature of humans. This study proposes a theory that expands insulin's role beyond traditional metabolic functions, incorporating it into the Mitochondrial Information Processing System (MIPS) and exploring it from an evolutionary medicine perspective to explore its function in processing psychological and social factors into biological responses. This narrative review comprises data from preclinical animal studies, longitudinal cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, machine learning analyses, and randomized controlled trials, and investigates the role of insulin in health and disease. The result is a proposal for a theoretical framework of insulin as a social substance within the socio-psycho-biological framework, emphasizing its extensive roles in health and disease. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with musculoskeletal disorders and neurodegeneration exemplifies this narrative. We suggest further research towards a comprehensive treatment protocol meeting evolutionary expectations, where incorporating psychosocial interventions plays an essential role. By supporting the concept of 'insulin resilience' and suggesting the use of heart rate variability to assess insulin resilience, we aim to provide an integrative approach to managing insulin levels and monitoring the effectiveness of interventions. This integrative strategy addresses broader socio-psychological factors, ultimately improving health outcomes for individuals with T2DM and musculoskeletal complications and neurodegeneration while providing new insights into the interplay between socio-psychological factors and biological systems in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wevers
- Clinical Medicine and Public Health PhD Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Silvia San Roman-Mata
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, 52004 Melilla, Spain;
| | - Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, 52004 Melilla, Spain
- University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada and PNI Europe, 52004 Melilla, Spain;
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada and PNI Europe, 52004 Melilla, Spain;
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23
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Bushra, Ahmed SI, Begum S, Maaria, Habeeb MS, Jameel T, Khan AA. Molecular basis of sepsis: A New insight into the role of mitochondrial DNA as a damage-associated molecular pattern. Mitochondrion 2024; 79:101967. [PMID: 39343040 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis remains a critical challenge in the field of medicine, claiming countless lives each year. Despite significant advances in medical science, the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis pathogenesis remain elusive. Understanding molecular sequelae is gaining deeper insights into the roles played by various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in disease pathogenesis. Among the known DAMPs, circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) garners increasing attention as a key player in the immune response during sepsis and other diseases. Mounting evidence highlights numerous connections between circulating cell-free mtDNA and inflammation, a pivotal state of sepsis, characterized by heightened inflammatory activity. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the molecular basis of sepsis, particularly emphasizing the role of circulating cell-free mtDNA as a DAMP. We discuss the mechanisms of mtDNA release, its interaction with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and the subsequent immunological responses that contribute to sepsis progression. Furthermore, we discuss the forms of cell-free mtDNA; detection techniques of circulating cell-free mtDNA in various biological fluids; and the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications offering insights into the potential for innovative interventions in sepsis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India
| | - Shaik Iqbal Ahmed
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India
| | - Safia Begum
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India
| | - Maaria
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammed Safwaan Habeeb
- Department of Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India
| | - Tahmeen Jameel
- Department of Biochemistry, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India
| | - Aleem Ahmed Khan
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, Telangana, India.
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24
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Mollet IG, Viana-Soares R, Cardoso-Pires C, Soares NL, Marto JP, Mendonça M, Queiroga CSF, Carvalho AS, Sequeira CO, Teixeira-Santos L, Fernandes TP, Aloria K, Pereira SA, Matthiesen R, Viana-Baptista M, Vieira HLA. Identification of human circulating factors following remote ischemic conditioning (RIC): Potential impact on stroke. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 224:23-38. [PMID: 39151835 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a procedure consisting of short cycles of ischemia applied in a limb that activates endogenous protection in distant organs, such as the brain. Despite the promising outcomes of RIC, the biochemical factors governing inter-organ communication remain largely unexplored, particularly in humans. A pilot study on 20 healthy humans was performed to identify potential circulating biochemical factors involved in RIC signalling. Blood was collected before and immediately, 4 and 22 h after the end of RIC. To characterize the responses triggered by RIC, a combination of biochemical and proteomic analysis, along with functional in vitro tests in human cells, were performed. RIC did not alter the levels of nitric oxide, bilirubin and cell-free mitochondrial DNA. In contrast, carboxyhaemoglobin levels increased following RIC at all time points and young subset, suggesting endogenous production of carbon monoxide that is a cytoprotective gasotransmitter. Additionally, the levels of glutathione and cysteinylglycine bound to proteins also increased after RIC, while glutathione catabolism decreased. Plasma proteomic analysis identified overall 828 proteins. Several steps of statistical analysis (Student's t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, with Holm corrected pairwise p-values <0.05 threshold and fold change higher or lower than 100 %) leaded to the identification of 9 proteins with altered circulating levels in response to RIC at 4h and 22h. All 9 proteins are from extracellular space or exosomes, being involved in inflammation, angiogenesis or metabolism control. In addition, RIC-conditioned plasma from young subjects protected microglial cell culture against inflammatory stimuli, indicating an anti-inflammatory effect of RIC. Nevertheless, other functional tests in neurons or endothelial cells had no effect. Overall, we present some evidence for RIC-induced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses in healthy human subjects, in particular in young subjects. This study is a first step towards the disclosure of signalling factors involved in RIC-mediated inter-organ communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês G Mollet
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal; iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Viana-Soares
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso-Pires
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Nuno L Soares
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marto
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Portugal; Centro Clínico Académico de Lisboa CCAL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Mendonça
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia S F Queiroga
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana S Carvalho
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina O Sequeira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Centro Clínico Académico de Lisboa CCAL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa Teixeira-Santos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Centro Clínico Académico de Lisboa CCAL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tatiana P Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Kerman Aloria
- Proteomics Core Facility-SGIKER, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Sofia A Pereira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Centro Clínico Académico de Lisboa CCAL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Viana-Baptista
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Portugal; Centro Clínico Académico de Lisboa CCAL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena L A Vieira
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal; iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
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25
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Artner T, Sharma S, Lang IM. Nucleic acid liquid biopsies in cardiovascular disease: Cell-free DNA liquid biopsies in cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2024; 398:118583. [PMID: 39353793 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and despite treatment efforts, cardiovascular function cannot always be restored, and progression of disease be prevented. Critical insights are oftentimes based on tissue samples. Current knowledge of tissue pathology typically relies on invasive biopsies or postmortem samples. Liquid biopsies, which assess circulating mediators to deduce the histology and pathology of distant tissues, have been advancing rapidly in cancer research and offer a promising approach to be translated to the understanding and treatment of CVD. The widely understood elevations in cell-free DNA during acute and chronic cardiovascular conditions, associate with disease, severity, and offer prognostic value. The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and circulating nucleases in thrombosis provide a solid rationale for liquid biopsies in CVD. cfDNA originates from various tissue types and cellular sources, including mitochondria and nuclei, and can be used to trace cell and tissue type lineage, as well as to gain insight into the activation status of cells. This article discusses the origin, structure, and potential utility of cfDNA, offering a deeper and less invasive approach for the understanding of the complexities of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Artner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Smriti Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene M Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Atkin-Smith GK, Santavanond JP, Light A, Rimes JS, Samson AL, Er J, Liu J, Johnson DN, Le Page M, Rajasekhar P, Yip RKH, Geoghegan ND, Rogers KL, Chang C, Bryant VL, Margetts M, Keightley MC, Kilpatrick TJ, Binder MD, Tran S, Lee EF, Fairlie WD, Ozkocak DC, Wei AH, Hawkins ED, Poon IKH. In situ visualization of endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicle formation in steady state and malignant conditions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8802. [PMID: 39438460 PMCID: PMC11496675 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are integral components of all vasculature within complex organisms. As they line the blood vessel wall, endothelial cells are constantly exposed to a variety of molecular factors and shear force that can induce cellular damage and stress. However, how endothelial cells are removed or eliminate unwanted cellular contents, remains unclear. The generation of large extracellular vesicles (EVs) has emerged as a key mechanism for the removal of cellular waste from cells that are dying or stressed. Here, we used intravital microscopy of the bone marrow to directly measure the kinetics of EV formation from endothelial cells in vivo under homoeostatic and malignant conditions. These large EVs are mitochondria-rich, expose the 'eat me' signal phosphatidylserine, and can interact with immune cell populations as a potential clearance mechanism. Elevated levels of circulating EVs correlates with degradation of the bone marrow vasculature caused by acute myeloid leukaemia. Together, our study provides in vivo spatio-temporal characterization of EV formation in the murine vasculature and suggests that circulating, large endothelial cell-derived EVs can provide a snapshot of vascular damage at distal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia K Atkin-Smith
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jascinta P Santavanond
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda Light
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joel S Rimes
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andre L Samson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeremy Er
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Haematology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joy Liu
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Darryl N Johnson
- Materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mélanie Le Page
- ARAFlowCore, Alfred Research Alliance, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Pradeep Rajasekhar
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Raymond K H Yip
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Niall D Geoghegan
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly L Rogers
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Chang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vanessa L Bryant
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mai Margetts
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Cristina Keightley
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor J Kilpatrick
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michele D Binder
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon Tran
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Erinna F Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Walter D Fairlie
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Dilara C Ozkocak
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew H Wei
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Haematology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Edwin D Hawkins
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ivan K H Poon
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Dorf N, Maciejczyk M. Skin senescence-from basic research to clinical practice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1484345. [PMID: 39493718 PMCID: PMC11527680 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1484345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The most recognizable implications of tissue aging manifest themselves on the skin. Skin laxity, roughness, pigmentation disorders, age spots, wrinkles, telangiectasia or hair graying are symptoms of physiological aging. Development of the senescent phenotype depends on the interaction between aging cells and remodeling of the skin's extracellular matrix (ECM) that contains collagen and elastic fiber. Aging changes occur due to the combination of both endogenous (gene mutation, cellular metabolism or hormonal agents) and exogenous factors (ultraviolet light, environmental pollutants, and unsuitable diet). However, overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a key factor driving cellular senescence. Aging theories have disclosed a range of diverse molecular mechanisms that are associated with cellular senescence of the body. Theories best supported by evidence include protein glycation, oxidative stress, telomere shortening, cell cycle arrest, and a limited number of cell divisions. Accumulation of the ECM damage is suggested to be a key factor in skin aging. Every cell indicates a functional and morphological change that may be used as a biomarker of senescence. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), cell cycle inhibitors (p16INK4a, p21CIP1, p27, p53), DNA segments with chromatin alterations reinforcing senescence (DNA-SCARS), senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), shortening of telomeres or downregulation of lamina B1 constitute just an example of aging biomarkers known so far. Aging may also be assessed non-invasively through measuring the skin fluorescence of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). This review summarizes the recent knowledge on the pathogenesis and clinical conditions of skin aging as well as biomarkers of skin senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Dorf
- Independent Laboratory of Cosmetology, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Schall PZ, Meadows JRS, Ramos-Almodovar F, Kidd JM. Characterization of Nuclear Mitochondrial Insertions in Canine Genome Assemblies. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1318. [PMID: 39457442 PMCID: PMC11507379 DOI: 10.3390/genes15101318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of mitochondrial sequences in the nuclear genome (Numts) confounds analyses of mitochondrial sequence variation, and is a potential source of false positives in disease studies. To improve the analysis of mitochondrial variation in canines, we completed a systematic assessment of Numt content across genome assemblies, canine populations and the carnivore lineage. RESULTS Centering our analysis on the UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0/canFam4/Mischka assembly, a commonly used reference in dog genetic variation studies, we found a total of 321 Numts located throughout the nuclear genome and encompassing the entire sequence of the mitochondria. A comparison with 14 canine genome assemblies identified 63 Numts with presence-absence dimorphism among dogs, wolves, and a coyote. Furthermore, a subset of Numts were maintained across carnivore evolutionary time (arctic fox, polar bear, cat), with eight sequences likely more than 10 million years old, and shared with the domestic cat. On a population level, using structural variant data from the Dog10K Consortium for 1879 dogs and wolves, we identified 11 Numts that are absent in at least one sample, as well as 53 Numts that are absent from the Mischka assembly. CONCLUSIONS We highlight scenarios where the presence of Numts is a potentially confounding factor and provide an annotation of these sequences in canine genome assemblies. This resource will aid the identification and interpretation of polymorphisms in both somatic and germline mitochondrial studies in canines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Z. Schall
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (P.Z.S.); (F.R.-A.)
| | - Jennifer R. S. Meadows
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75132 Uppsala, Sweden;
- SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, 75132 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabian Ramos-Almodovar
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (P.Z.S.); (F.R.-A.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Kidd
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (P.Z.S.); (F.R.-A.)
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Dhauria M, Mondal R, Deb S, Shome G, Chowdhury D, Sarkar S, Benito-León J. Blood-Based Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease: Advancing Non-Invasive Diagnostics and Prognostics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10911. [PMID: 39456697 PMCID: PMC11507237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252010911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Revised: 10/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is expected to rise dramatically in incidence due to the global population aging. Traditional diagnostic approaches, such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis and positron emission tomography, are expensive and invasive, limiting their routine clinical use. Recent advances in blood-based biomarkers, including amyloid-beta, phosphorylated tau, and neurofilament light, offer promising non-invasive alternatives for early AD detection and disease monitoring. This review synthesizes current research on these blood-based biomarkers, highlighting their potential to track AD pathology and enhance diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, this review uniquely integrates recent findings on protein-protein interaction networks and microRNA pathways, exploring novel combinations of proteomic, genomic, and epigenomic biomarkers that provide new insights into AD's molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the integration of these biomarkers with advanced neuroimaging techniques, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize AD diagnostics. Although large-scale validation is still needed, these biomarkers represent a critical advancement toward more accessible, cost-effective, and early diagnostic tools for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritwick Mondal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata 700020, India;
| | - Shramana Deb
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Kolkata 700017, India;
| | - Gourav Shome
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India;
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata 700020, India; (D.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Shramana Sarkar
- Department of Internal Medicine, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata 700020, India; (D.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, ES-28041 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), ES-28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
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30
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Verhoeven JE, Wolkowitz OM, Satz IB, Conklin Q, Lamers F, Lavebratt C, Lin J, Lindqvist D, Mayer SE, Melas PA, Milaneschi Y, Picard M, Rampersaud R, Rasgon N, Ridout K, Veibäck GS, Trumpff C, Tyrka AR, Watson K, Wu GWY, Yang R, Zannas AS, Han LK, Månsson KNT. The researcher's guide to selecting biomarkers in mental health studies. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300246. [PMID: 39258367 PMCID: PMC11811959 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Clinical mental health researchers may understandably struggle with how to incorporate biological assessments in clinical research. The options are numerous and are described in a vast and complex body of literature. Here we provide guidelines to assist mental health researchers seeking to include biological measures in their studies. Apart from a focus on behavioral outcomes as measured via interviews or questionnaires, we advocate for a focus on biological pathways in clinical trials and epidemiological studies that may help clarify pathophysiology and mechanisms of action, delineate biological subgroups of participants, mediate treatment effects, and inform personalized treatment strategies. With this paper we aim to bridge the gap between clinical and biological mental health research by (1) discussing the clinical relevance, measurement reliability, and feasibility of relevant peripheral biomarkers; (2) addressing five types of biological tissues, namely blood, saliva, urine, stool and hair; and (3) providing information on how to control sources of measurement variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josine E. Verhoeven
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Owen M. Wolkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA USA 94107
| | - Isaac Barr Satz
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Quinn Conklin
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA
- Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, L8:00, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States
| | - Daniel Lindqvist
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatry Research Skåne, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefanie E. Mayer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA USA 94107
| | - Philippe A. Melas
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Rampersaud
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA USA 94107
| | - Natalie Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn Ridout
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Rosa Medical Center, Santa Rosa, CA 95403, USA
| | - Gustav Söderberg Veibäck
- Unit for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatry Research Skåne, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Trumpff
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02885, USA
| | - Kathleen Watson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gwyneth Winnie Y Wu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA USA 94107
| | - Ruoting Yang
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Anthony S. Zannas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; 438 Taylor Hall, 109 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Laura K.M. Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kristoffer N. T. Månsson
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Garcia-de la Cruz DD, Juarez-Rojop IE, Tovilla-Zarate CA, Nicolini H, Genis-Mendoza AD. Circulating Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA in Plasma of Individuals with Schizophrenia and Cognitive Deficit in Mexican Population. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:1757-1765. [PMID: 39323935 PMCID: PMC11423824 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s460554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cognitive domains are affected in patients with schizophrenia. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as a possible origin of these symptoms. Cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) is an indicator of cellular stress, and it can be identified in individuals with age-associated disorders, this study aimed to explore the presence of cf-mtDNA in plasma of schizophrenia patients and its association with cognitive deficit. Patients and Methods Ninety-nine subjects were clinically evaluated; the case group included 60 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 39 randomly-individuals without psychiatric disorders were included in the comparison group. Cognitive status (MoCA scale) and cell-free mtDNA in blood plasma were assessed and quantified in both groups. Results From the original sample, cf-mtDNA was identified in 43 subjects, 40 patients with schizophrenia and 3 controls (Χ2 = 31.10, p-value < 0.0001). Thirty-nine out of forty patients with schizophrenia had a cognitive deficit. Conclusion According to our findings, cognitive impairment and presence of cf-mtDNA were related in subjects with schizophrenia. Thus, while the cognitive deficit might reflect an accelerated aging process, the cf-mtDNA plays a role as a potential biomarker in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Dajheanne Garcia-de la Cruz
- Unidad de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Salud Mental Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de Lípidos, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Isela Esther Juarez-Rojop
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de Lípidos, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Humberto Nicolini
- Laboratorio de Genómica de las Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Genómica de las Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil, Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Ciudad de México, México
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32
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Bordoni L, Petracci I, Feliziani G, de Simone G, Rucci C, Gabbianelli R. Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine Promotes Inflammation with a Potential Impact on Epigenetic and Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Caco-2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1061. [PMID: 39334721 PMCID: PMC11428692 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13091061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine (TMA), a byproduct of gut microbiota metabolism from dietary precursors, is not only the precursor of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) but may also affect gut health. An in vitro model of intestinal epithelium of Caco-2 cells was used to evaluate the impact of TMA on inflammation, paracellular permeability, epigenetics and mitochondrial functions. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β) increased significantly after 24 h exposure to TMA 1 mM. TMA exposure was associated with an upregulation of SIRT1 (TMA 1 mM, 400 μM, 10 μM) and DNMT1 (TMA 1 mM, 400 µM) genes, while DNMT3A expression decreased (TMA 1 mM). In a cell-free model, TMA (from 0.1 µM to 1 mM) induced a dose-dependent reduction in Sirtuin enzyme activity. In Caco-2 cells, TMA reduced total ATP levels and significantly downregulated ND6 expression (TMA 1 mM). TMA excess (1 mM) reduced intracellular mitochondrial DNA copy numbers and increased the methylation of the light-strand promoter in the D-loop area of mtDNA. Also, TMA (1 mM, 400 µM, 10 µM) increased the permeability of Caco-2 epithelium, as evidenced by the reduced transepithelial electrical resistance values. Based on our preliminary results, TMA excess might promote inflammation in intestinal cells and disturb epigenetic and mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy and Health Products, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Irene Petracci
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy and Health Products, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giulia Feliziani
- School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gaia de Simone
- School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Chiara Rucci
- School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy and Health Products, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Zhou W, Karan KR, Gu W, Klein HU, Sturm G, De Jager PL, Bennett DA, Hirano M, Picard M, Mills RE. Somatic nuclear mitochondrial DNA insertions are prevalent in the human brain and accumulate over time in fibroblasts. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002723. [PMID: 39172952 PMCID: PMC11340991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The transfer of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genomes of eukaryotes (Numts) has been linked to lifespan in nonhuman species and recently demonstrated to occur in rare instances from one human generation to the next. Here, we investigated numtogenesis dynamics in humans in 2 ways. First, we quantified Numts in 1,187 postmortem brain and blood samples from different individuals. Compared to circulating immune cells (n = 389), postmitotic brain tissue (n = 798) contained more Numts, consistent with their potential somatic accumulation. Within brain samples, we observed a 5.5-fold enrichment of somatic Numt insertions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) compared to cerebellum samples, suggesting that brain Numts arose spontaneously during development or across the lifespan. Moreover, an increase in the number of brain Numts was linked to earlier mortality. The brains of individuals with no cognitive impairment (NCI) who died at younger ages carried approximately 2 more Numts per decade of life lost than those who lived longer. Second, we tested the dynamic transfer of Numts using a repeated-measures whole-genome sequencing design in a human fibroblast model that recapitulates several molecular hallmarks of aging. These longitudinal experiments revealed a gradual accumulation of 1 Numt every ~13 days. Numtogenesis was independent of large-scale genomic instability and unlikely driven by cell clonality. Targeted pharmacological perturbations including chronic glucocorticoid signaling or impairing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) only modestly increased the rate of numtogenesis, whereas patient-derived SURF1-mutant cells exhibiting mtDNA instability accumulated Numts 4.7-fold faster than healthy donors. Combined, our data document spontaneous numtogenesis in human cells and demonstrate an association between brain cortical somatic Numts and human lifespan. These findings open the possibility that mito-nuclear horizontal gene transfer among human postmitotic tissues produces functionally relevant human Numts over timescales shorter than previously assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kalpita R. Karan
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Wenjin Gu
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hans-Ulrich Klein
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Sturm
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michio Hirano
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia University Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ryan E. Mills
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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Marzetti E, Calvani R, Landi F, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Picca A. Mitochondrial Quality Control Processes at the Crossroads of Cell Death and Survival: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7305. [PMID: 39000412 PMCID: PMC11242688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological aging results from an accumulation of damage in the face of reduced resilience. One major driver of aging is cell senescence, a state in which cells remain viable but lose their proliferative capacity, undergo metabolic alterations, and become resistant to apoptosis. This is accompanied by complex cellular changes that enable the development of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Mitochondria, organelles involved in energy provision and activities essential for regulating cell survival and death, are negatively impacted by aging. The age-associated decline in mitochondrial function is also accompanied by the development of chronic low-grade sterile inflammation. The latter shares some features and mediators with the SASP. Indeed, the unloading of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) at the extracellular level can trigger sterile inflammatory responses and mitochondria can contribute to the generation of DAMPs with pro-inflammatory properties. The extrusion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) via mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization under an apoptotic stress triggers senescence programs. Additional pathways can contribute to sterile inflammation. For instance, pyroptosis is a caspase-dependent inducer of systemic inflammation, which is also elicited by mtDNA release and contributes to aging. Herein, we overview the molecular mechanisms that may link mitochondrial dyshomeostasis, pyroptosis, sterile inflammation, and senescence and discuss how these contribute to aging and could be exploited as molecular targets for alleviating the cell damage burden and achieving healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00618 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00618 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00618 Rome, Italy
| | - Helio José Coelho-Júnior
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00618 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, SS100 km 18, 70010 Casamassima, Italy
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Khadka P, Young CKJ, Sachidanandam R, Brard L, Young MJ. Our current understanding of the biological impact of endometrial cancer mtDNA genome mutations and their potential use as a biomarker. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1394699. [PMID: 38993645 PMCID: PMC11236604 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1394699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a devastating and common disease affecting women's health. The NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program predicted that there would be >66,000 new cases in the United States and >13,000 deaths from EC in 2023, and EC is the sixth most common cancer among women worldwide. Regulation of mitochondrial metabolism plays a role in tumorigenesis. In proliferating cancer cells, mitochondria provide the necessary building blocks for biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, and glucose. One mechanism causing altered mitochondrial activity is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. The polyploid human mtDNA genome is a circular double-stranded molecule essential to vertebrate life that harbors genes critical for oxidative phosphorylation plus mitochondrial-derived peptide genes. Cancer cells display aerobic glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect, which arises from the needs of fast-dividing cells and is characterized by increased glucose uptake and conversion of glucose to lactate. Solid tumors often contain at least one mtDNA substitution. Furthermore, it is common for cancer cells to harbor mixtures of wild-type and mutant mtDNA genotypes, known as heteroplasmy. Considering the increase in cancer cell energy demand, the presence of functionally relevant carcinogenesis-inducing or environment-adapting mtDNA mutations in cancer seems plausible. We review 279 EC tumor-specific mtDNA single nucleotide variants from 111 individuals from different studies. Many transition mutations indicative of error-prone DNA polymerase γ replication and C to U deamination events were present. We examine the spectrum of mutations and their heteroplasmy and discuss the potential biological impact of recurrent, non-synonymous, insertion, and deletion mutations. Lastly, we explore current EC treatments, exploiting cancer cell mitochondria for therapy and the prospect of using mtDNA variants as an EC biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabitra Khadka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Carolyn K J Young
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | | | - Laurent Brard
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Simmons Cancer Institute, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Matthew J Young
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States
- Simmons Cancer Institute, Springfield, IL, United States
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Teng Z, Xu X, Chen X, Qiu Y, Li S, Chen J, Tang H, Xiang H, Wang B, Tan Y, Wu H. Increased circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in plasma of first-diagnosed drug-naïve bipolar disorder patients: A case-control and 4-week follow-up study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:378-384. [PMID: 38537754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of clinical biological indicators in bipolar disorder (BD) is important. In recent years, basic experiments have associated the pathophysiological mechanism of BD is related to mitochondrial dysfunction, but few clinical studies have confirmed this finding. OBJECT The present study aimed to evaluate whether plasma circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) levels, which can represent the degree of mitochondrial damage in vivo, are altered in patients with BD in early onset and during treatment compared with controls. METHOD A total of 75 first-diagnosed drug-naive patients with BD and 60 HCs were recruited and followed up for 1 month. The clinical symptoms were assessed using HAMD, HAMA, and YMRS, and ccf-mtDNA levels were measured by qPCR before and after drug treatment in BD. RESULT (1) The plasma ccf-mtDNA levels in first-diagnosed drug-naive patients with BD increased compared with those in HCs (p = 0.001). (2) Drug treatment for 1 month can decrease the expression of ccf-mtDNA in BD (p < 0.001). (3) No significant correlation was observed between the changes in ccf-mtDNA levels and the improvement of clinical symptoms in BD after drug treatment. CONCLUSION The plasma ccf-mtDNA level was increased in BD, and decreased after pharmacological treatment. These outcomes suggested that plasma ccf-mtDNA level is likely to be sensitive to the drug response in BD, and mitochondrial pathway is a potential target for further therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Teng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xuelei Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bolun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxi Tan
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Haishan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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Hu X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Lin Y, Li Q, Li L, Zeng G, Ou R, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Jin X. Effects of blood-processing protocols on cell-free DNA fragmentomics in plasma: Comparisons of one- and two-step centrifugations. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 560:119729. [PMID: 38754575 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomic characteristics are promising analytes with abundant physiological signals for non-invasive disease diagnosis and monitoring. Previous studies on plasma cfDNA fragmentomics commonly employed a two-step centrifugation process for removing cell debris, involving a low-speed centrifugation followed by a high-speed centrifugation. However, the effects of centrifugation conditions on the analysis of cfDNA fragmentome remain uncertain. METHODS We collected blood samples from 10 healthy individuals and divided each sample into two aliquots for plasma preparation with one- and two-step centrifugation processes. We performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the plasma cfDNA in the two groups and comprehensively compared the cfDNA fragmentomic features. Additionally, we reanalyzed the fragmentomic features of cfDNA from 16 healthy individuals and 16 COVID-19 patients, processed through one- and two-step centrifugation in our previous study, to investigate the impact of centrifugation on disease signals. RESULTS Our results showed that there were no significant differences observed in the characteristics of nuclear cfDNA, including size, motif diversity score (MDS) of end motifs, and genome distribution, between plasma samples treated with one- and two-step centrifugation. The cfDNA size shortening in COVID-19 patients was observed in plasma samples with one- and two-step centrifugation methods. However, we observed a significantly higher relative abundance and longer size of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the one-step samples compared to the two-step samples. This difference in mtDNA caused by the one- and two-step centrifugation methods surpasses the pathological difference between COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that one-step low-speed centrifugation is a simple and potentially suitable method for analyzing nuclear cfDNA fragmentation characteristics. These results offer valuable guidance for cfDNA research in various clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | | | - Yu Lin
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | | | - Rijing Ou
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xinyu Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province, State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Shao S, Zou Y, Kennedy KG, Dimick MK, Andreazza AC, Young LT, Goncalves VF, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Pilot study of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in relation to brain structure in youth bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2024; 12:21. [PMID: 38874862 PMCID: PMC11178693 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-024-00334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the neuropathology of bipolar disorder (BD). Higher circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA), generally reflecting poorer mitochondrial health, has been associated with greater symptoms severity in BD. The current study examines the association of serum ccf-mtDNA and brain structure in relation to youth BD. We hypothesized that higher ccf-mtDNA will be associated with measures of lower brain structure, particularly in the BD group. METHODS Participants included 40 youth (BD, n = 19; Control group [CG], n = 21; aged 13-20 years). Serum ccf-mtDNA levels were assayed. T1-weighted brain images were acquired using 3T-MRI. Region of interest (ROI) analyses examined prefrontal cortex (PFC) and whole brain gray matter, alongside exploratory vertex-wise analyses. Analyses examined ccf-mtDNA main-effects and ccf-mtDNA-by-diagnosis interaction effects controlling for age, sex, and intracranial volume. RESULTS There was no significant difference in ccf-mtDNA levels between BD and CG. In ROI analyses, higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher PFC surface area (SA) (β = 0.32 p < 0.001) and PFC volume (β = 0.32 p = 0.002) in the overall sample. In stratified analyses, higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher PFC SA within both subgroups (BD: β = 0.39 p = 0.02; CG: β = 0.24 p = 0.045). Higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher PFC volume within the BD group (β = 0.39 p = 0.046). In vertex-wise analyses, higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher SA and volume in frontal clusters within the overall sample and within the BD group. There were significant ccf-mtDNA-by-diagnosis interactions in three frontal and parietal clusters, whereby higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher neurostructural metrics in the BD group but lower neurostructural metrics in CG. CONCLUSIONS Contrasting our hypothesis, higher ccf-mtDNA was consistently associated with higher, rather than lower, regional neuralstructural metrics among youth with BD. While this finding may reflect a compensatory mechanism, future repeated-measures prospective studies evaluating the inter-relationship among ccf-mtDNA, mood, and brain structure across developmental epochs and illness stages are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyi Shao
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Yi Zou
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaela K Dimick
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Trevor Young
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa F Goncalves
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Maggo S, North LY, Ozuna A, Ostrow D, Grajeda YR, Hakimjavadi H, Cotter JA, Judkins AR, Levitt P, Gai X. A method for measuring mitochondrial DNA copy number in pediatric populations. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1401737. [PMID: 38938506 PMCID: PMC11208623 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1401737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion is a multifunctional organelle that modulates multiple systems critical for homeostasis during pathophysiological stress. Variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number (mtDNAcn), a key mitochondrial change associated with chronic stress, is an emerging biomarker for disease pathology and progression. mtDNAcn can be quantified from whole blood samples using qPCR to determine the ratio of mtDNA to nuclear DNA. However, the collection of blood samples in pediatric populations, particularly in infants and young children, can be technically challenging, yield much smaller volume samples, and can be distressing for the patients and their caregivers. Therefore, we have validated a mtDNAcn assay utilizing DNA from simple buccal swabs (Isohelix SK-2S) and report here it's performance in specimens from infants (age = <12 months). Utilizing qPCR to amplify ∼200 bp regions from two mitochondrial (ND1, ND6) and two nuclear (BECN1, NEB) genes, we demonstrated absolute (100%) concordance with results from low-pass whole genome sequencing (lpWGS). We believe that this method overcomes key obstacles to measuring mtDNAcn in pediatric populations and creates the possibility for development of clinical assays to measure mitochondrial change during pathophysiological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Maggo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Liam Y. North
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aime Ozuna
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dejerianne Ostrow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yander R. Grajeda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hesamedin Hakimjavadi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Cotter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alexander R. Judkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pat Levitt
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiaowu Gai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Gardner JJ, Cushen SC, Oliveira da Silva RDN, Bradshaw JL, Hula N, Gorham IK, Tucker SM, Zhou Z, Cunningham RL, Phillips NR, Goulopoulou S. Oxidative stress induces release of mitochondrial DNA into the extracellular space in human placental villous trophoblast BeWo cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1776-C1788. [PMID: 38738304 PMCID: PMC11371324 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00091.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) is an indicator of cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress. ccf-mtDNA in pregnancies with placental dysfunction differs from that in healthy pregnancies, and the direction of this difference depends on gestational age and method of mtDNA quantification. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger release of mtDNA, yet it is unknown whether trophoblast cells release mtDNA in response to oxidative stress, a common feature of pregnancies with placental pathology. We hypothesized that oxidative stress would induce cell death and release of mtDNA from trophoblast cells. BeWo cells were treated with antimycin A (10-320 µM) or rotenone (0.2-50 µM) to induce oxidative stress. A multiplex real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was used to quantify mtDNA and nuclear DNA in membrane-bound, non-membrane-bound, and vesicle-bound forms in cell culture supernatants and cell lysates. Treatment with antimycin A increased ROS (P < 0.0001), induced cell necrosis (P = 0.0004) but not apoptosis (P = 0.6471), and was positively associated with release of membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound mtDNA (P < 0.0001). Antimycin A increased mtDNA content in exosome-like extracellular vesicles (vesicle-bound form; P = 0.0019) and reduced autophagy marker expression (LC3A/B, P = 0.0002; p62, P < 0.001). Rotenone treatment did not influence mtDNA release or cell death (P > 0.05). Oxidative stress induces release of mtDNA into the extracellular space and causes nonapoptotic cell death and a reduction in autophagy markers in BeWo cells, an established in vitro model of human trophoblast cells. Intersection between autophagy and necrosis may mediate the release of mtDNA from the placenta in pregnancies exposed to oxidative stress.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to test whether trophoblast cells release mitochondrial (mt)DNA in response to oxidative stress and to identify mechanisms of release and biological forms of mtDNA from this cellular type. This research identifies potential cellular mechanisms that can be used in future investigations to establish the source and biomarker potential of circulating mtDNA in preclinical experimental models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Gardner
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Spencer C Cushen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Reneé de Nazaré Oliveira da Silva
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Departments of Basic Sciences, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Jessica L Bradshaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Nataliia Hula
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Departments of Basic Sciences, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Isabelle K Gorham
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Selina M Tucker
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Population & Community Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Rebecca L Cunningham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Nicole R Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Departments of Basic Sciences, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
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Dorrity TJ, Shin H, Gertie JA, Chung H. The Sixth Sense: Self-nucleic acid sensing in the brain. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:53-83. [PMID: 38763702 PMCID: PMC11186578 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Our innate immune system uses pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as a first line of defense to detect microbial ligands and initiate an immune response. Viral nucleic acids are key ligands for the activation of many PRRs and the induction of downstream inflammatory and antiviral effects. Initially it was thought that endogenous (self) nucleic acids rarely activated these PRRs, however emerging evidence indicates that endogenous nucleic acids are able to activate host PRRs in homeostasis and disease. In fact, many regulatory mechanisms are in place to finely control and regulate sensing of self-nucleic acids by PRRs. Sensing of self-nucleic acids is particularly important in the brain, as perturbations to nucleic acid sensing commonly leads to neuropathology. This review will highlight the role of nucleic acid sensors in the brain, both in disease and homeostasis. We also indicate the source of endogenous stimulatory nucleic acids where known and summarize future directions for the study of this growing field.
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Key Words
- Brain
- DNA sensing PRRs: cGAS, AIM2, TLR9
- Neurodegeneration: Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS), Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Stroke, Traumatic brain injury
- Neurodevelopment
- Neuroinflammation
- Nuecleic acid immunity
- Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
- RNA sensing PRRs: MDA5, RIG-I, PKR, TLR3, TLR7/8
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Dorrity
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Heegwon Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jake A Gertie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Studies, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hachung Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
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Chimienti G, Russo F, Bianco A, Maqoud F, De Virgilio C, Galeano G, Orlando A, Riezzo G, D’Attoma B, Ignazzi A, Linsalata M, Prospero L, Franco I, Bagnato CB, Curci R, Coletta S. Effect of a 12-Week Walking Program Monitored by Global Physical Capacity Score (GPCS) on Circulating Cell-Free mtDNA and DNase Activity in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4293. [PMID: 38673878 PMCID: PMC11050617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) involves low-grade mucosal inflammation. Among the various approaches capable of managing the symptoms, physical activity is still under investigation. Despite its benefits, it promotes oxidative stress and inflammation. Mitochondria impacts gut disorders by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns, such as cell-free mtDNA (cf-mtDNA), which support inflammation. This study evaluated the effects of a 12-week walking program on the cf-mtDNA and DNase in 26 IBS and 17 non-IBS subjects. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. Digital droplet PCR was used to quantify cf-mtDNA; DNase activity was assessed using a single radial enzyme diffusion assay. PCR-RFLP was used to genotype DNASE1 rs1053874 SNP. Significantly lower IL-10 levels were found in IBS than in non-IBS individuals. Exercise reduced cf-mtDNA in non-IBS subjects but not in IBS patients. DNase activity did not correlate with the cf-mtDNA levels in IBS patients post-exercise, indicating imbalanced cf-mtDNA clearance. Different rs1053874 SNP frequencies were not found between groups. The study confirms the positive effects of regular moderate-intensity physical activity in healthy subjects and its role in cf-mtDNA release and clearance. Walking alone might not sufficiently reduce subclinical inflammation in IBS, based on imbalanced pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules. Prolonged programs are necessary to investigate their effects on inflammatory markers in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmina Chimienti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Francesco Russo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Antonella Bianco
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (C.B.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Fatima Maqoud
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Caterina De Virgilio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Grazia Galeano
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Antonella Orlando
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Riezzo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Benedetta D’Attoma
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Antonia Ignazzi
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Michele Linsalata
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Prospero
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.); (A.O.); (G.R.); (B.D.); (A.I.); (M.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Isabella Franco
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (C.B.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Claudia Beatrice Bagnato
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (C.B.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Ritanna Curci
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (C.B.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Sergio Coletta
- Core Facility Biobank, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
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Puigròs M, Calderon A, Martín-Ruiz D, Serradell M, Fernández M, Muñoz-Lopetegi A, Mayà G, Santamaria J, Gaig C, Colell A, Tolosa E, Iranzo A, Trullas R. Mitochondrial DNA deletions in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105065. [PMID: 38502973 PMCID: PMC10963194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (IRBD) represents the prodromal stage of Lewy body disorders (Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)) which are linked to variations in circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA). Here, we assessed whether altered cf-mtDNA release and integrity are already present in IRBD. METHODS We used multiplex digital PCR (dPCR) to quantify cf-mtDNA copies and deletion ratio in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in a cohort of 71 participants, including 1) 17 patients with IRBD who remained disease-free (non-converters), 2) 34 patients initially diagnosed with IRBD who later developed either PD or DLB (converters), and 3) 20 age-matched controls without IRBD or Parkinsonism. In addition, we investigated whether CD9-positive extracellular vesicles (CD9-EVs) from CSF and serum samples contained cf-mtDNA. FINDINGS Patients with IRBD, both converters and non-converters, exhibited more cf-mtDNA with deletions in the CSF than controls. This finding was confirmed in CD9-EVs. The high levels of deleted cf-mtDNA in CSF corresponded to a significant decrease in cf-mtDNA copies in CD9-EVs in both IRBD non-converters and converters. Conversely, a significant increase in cf-mtDNA copies was found in serum and CD9-EVs from the serum of patients with IRBD who later converted to a Lewy body disorder. INTERPRETATION Alterations in cf-mtDNA copy number and deletion ratio known to occur in Lewy body disorders are already present in IRBD and are not a consequence of Lewy body disease conversion. This suggests that mtDNA dysfunction is a primary molecular mechanism of the pathophysiological cascade that precedes the full clinical motor and cognitive manifestation of Lewy body disorders. FUNDING Funded by Michael J. Fox Foundation research grant MJFF-001111. Funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 "ERDF A way of making Europe", grants PID2020-115091RB-I00 (RT) and PID2022-143279OB-I00 (ACo). Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, grant PMP22/00100 (RT and ACo). Funded by AGAUR/Generalitat de Catalunya, grant SGR00490 (RT and ACo). MP has an FPI fellowship, PRE2018-083297, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 "ESF Investing in your future".
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Puigròs
- Neurobiology Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Neurophysiology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Calderon
- Neurobiology Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Martín-Ruiz
- Neurobiology Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Serradell
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Fernández
- Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaia Muñoz-Lopetegi
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Mayà
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Santamaria
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Gaig
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Colell
- Neurobiology Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Tolosa
- Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex Iranzo
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramon Trullas
- Neurobiology Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Caicedo A, Benavides-Almeida A, Haro-Vinueza A, Peña-Cisneros J, Pérez-Meza ÁA, Michelson J, Peñaherrera S, Picard M. Decoding the nature and complexity of extracellular mtDNA: Types and implications for health and disease. Mitochondrion 2024; 75:101848. [PMID: 38246335 PMCID: PMC11939008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is replicated and canonically functions within intracellular mitochondria, but recent discoveries reveal that the mtDNA has another exciting extracellular life. mtDNA fragments and mitochondria-containing vesicular structures are detected at high concentrations in cell-free forms, in different biofluids. Commonly referred to as cell-free mtDNA (cf-mtDNA), the field is currently without a comprehensive classification system that acknowledges the various biological forms of mtDNA and whole mitochondria existing outside the cell. This absence of classification hampers the creation of precise and consistent quantification methods across different laboratories, which is crucial for unraveling the molecular and biological characteristics of mtDNA. In this article, we integrate recent findings to propose a classification for different types of Extracellular mtDNA [ex-mtDNA]. The major biologically distinct types include: Naked mtDNA [N-mtDNA], mtDNA within non-mitochondrial Membranes [M-mtDNA], Extracellular mitochondria [exM-mtDNA], and mtDNA within Mitochondria enclosed in a Membrane [MM-mtDNA]. We outline the challenges associated with accurately quantifying these ex-mtDNA types, suggest potential physiological roles for each ex-mtDNA type, and explore how this classification could establish a foundation for future research endeavors and further analysis and definitions for ex-mtDNA. By proposing this classification of circulating mtDNA forms, we draw a parallel with the clinically recognized forms of cholesterol, such as HDL and LDL, to illustrate potential future significance in a similar manner. While not directly analogous, these mtDNA forms may one day be as biologically relevant in clinical interpretation as cholesterol fractions are currently. We also discuss how advancing methodologies to reliably quantify distinct ex-mtDNA forms could significantly enhance their utility as health or disease biomarkers, and how their application may offer innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Caicedo
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Sistemas Médicos SIME, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Abigail Benavides-Almeida
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alissen Haro-Vinueza
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador; Biología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - José Peña-Cisneros
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Álvaro A Pérez-Meza
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jeremy Michelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sebastian Peñaherrera
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Quito, Ecuador; Mito-Act Research Consortium, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Wojtkowska M, Karczewska N, Pacewicz K, Pacak A, Kopeć P, Florczak-Wyspiańska J, Popławska-Domaszewicz K, Małkiewicz T, Sokół B. Quantification of Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2818. [PMID: 38474065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders globally and leads to an excessive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain. Circulating cell-free DNA (ccf-DNA) are double-stranded DNA fragments of different sizes and origins that are released into the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to cell death (i.e., necrosis and apoptosis) or are actively released by viable cells via exocytosis and NETosis. Using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), we comprehensively analyzed and distinguished circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf mtDNA) and circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (ccfDNA) in the serum and CSF of PD and control patients. The quantitative analysis of serum ccf-DNA in PD patients demonstrated a significant increase in ccf mtDNA and ccfDNA compared to that in healthy control patients and a significantly higher copy of ccf mtDNA when compared to ccfDNA. Next, the serum ccf mtDNA levels significantly increased in male PD patients compared to those in healthy male controls. Furthermore, CSF ccf mtDNA in PD patients increased significantly compared to ccfDNA, and ccf mtDNA decreased in PD patients more than it did in healthy controls. These decreases were not statistically significant but were in agreement with previous data. Interestingly, ccf mtDNA increased in healthy control patients in both serum and CSF as compared to ccfDNA. The small sample size of serum and CSF were the main limitations of this study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study on serum and CSF of PD patients using ddPCR to indicate the distribution of the copy number of ccf mtDNA as well as ccfDNA. If validated, we suggest that ccf mtDNA has greater potential than ccfDNA to lead the development of novel treatments for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wojtkowska
- Department of Bioenergetics, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Karczewska
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Klaudia Pacewicz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pacak
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology Poznan, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Kopeć
- Department of Computational Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Tomasz Małkiewicz
- Department of Teaching Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Sokół
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Hospital of Joseph Strus in Poznan, 61-285 Poznan, Poland
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Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Musat M, Elian V, Iliescu C. Liquid Biopsy: A Game Changer for Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2661. [PMID: 38473908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
As the burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to escalate globally, there is a growing need for novel, less-invasive biomarkers capable of early diabetes detection and monitoring of disease progression. Liquid biopsy, recognized for its minimally invasive nature, is increasingly being applied beyond oncology, and nevertheless shows its potential when the collection of the tissue biopsy is not possible. This diagnostic approach involves utilizing liquid biopsy markers such as cell-free nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, and diverse metabolites for the molecular diagnosis of T2D and its related complications. In this context, we thoroughly examine recent developments in T2D liquid biopsy research. Additionally, we discuss the primary challenges and future prospects of employing liquid biopsy in the management of T2D. Prognosis, diagnosis and monitoring of T2D through liquid biopsy could be a game-changing technique for personalized diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- eBio-Hub Research-Center, National University of Science and Technology "Politehnica" Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Bulevard, Campus Building, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Musat
- eBio-Hub Research-Center, National University of Science and Technology "Politehnica" Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Bulevard, Campus Building, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Endocrinology, C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, 011683 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viviana Elian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5-7 Ion Movila Street, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Prof. Dr. N. C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ciprian Iliescu
- eBio-Hub Research-Center, National University of Science and Technology "Politehnica" Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Bulevard, Campus Building, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050094 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research and Development Institute in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
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Gardner JJ, Cushen SC, Oliveira da Silva RDN, Bradshaw JL, Hula N, Gorham IK, Tucker SM, Zhou Z, Cunningham RL, Phillips NR, Goulopoulou S. Oxidative stress induces release of mitochondrial DNA into the extracellular space in human placental villous trophoblast BeWo cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.02.578433. [PMID: 38352590 PMCID: PMC10862877 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.02.578433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) is an indicator of cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress. ccf-mtDNA differs in pregnancies with placental dysfunction from healthy pregnancies and the direction of this difference depends on gestational age and method of mtDNA quantification. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger release of mtDNA from non-placental cells; yet it is unknown whether trophoblast cells release mtDNA in response to oxidative stress, a common feature of pregnancies with placental pathology. We hypothesized that oxidative stress would induce cell death and release of mtDNA from trophoblast cells. BeWo cells were treated with antimycin A (10-320 μM) or rotenone (0.2-50 μM) to induce oxidative stress. A multiplex real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was used to quantify mtDNA and nuclear DNA in membrane bound, non-membrane bound, and vesicular-bound forms in cell culture supernatants and cell lysates. Treatment with antimycin A increased ROS (p<0.0001), induced cell necrosis (p=0.0004) but not apoptosis (p=0.6471) and was positively associated with release of membrane-bound and non-membrane bound mtDNA (p<0.0001). Antimycin A increased mtDNA content in exosome-like extracellular vesicles (vesicular-bound form; p=0.0019) and reduced autophagy marker expression (LC3A/B, p=0.0002; p62, p<0.001). Rotenone treatment did not influence mtDNA release or cell death (p>0.05). Oxidative stress induces release of mtDNA into the extracellular space and causes non-apoptotic cell death and a reduction in autophagy markers in BeWo cells, an established in vitro model of human trophoblast cells. Intersection between autophagy and necrosis may mediate the release of mtDNA from the placenta in pregnancies exposed to oxidative stress. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to test whether trophoblast cells release mitochondrial DNA in response to oxidative stress and to identify mechanisms of release and biological forms of mtDNA from this cellular type. This research identifies potential cellular mechanisms that can be used in future investigations to establish the source and biomarker potential of circulating mitochondrial DNA in preclinical experimental models and humans.
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Verebi C, Nectoux J, Duriez P, Gorwood P, Ramoz N, Bienvenu T. The value of plasma cell-free DNA levels as biomarker in patients with eating disorders: A preliminary study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 160:106918. [PMID: 38065040 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) holds promise as a rapid and convenient biomarker for identifying individuals with eating disorders. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured plasma cfDNA in patients with different eating disorders. METHODS In this study, 110 participants (98 patients with eating disorders divided into 30 patients with bulimia nervosa, 33 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) Restricting subtype, 35 patients with AN Binge-eating/purging subtype and 12 controls) were enrolled. We measured both cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) from plasma using two specific droplet digital PCR assays each, referring to two amplicon sizes. RESULTS Levels of plasma cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA showed no significant differences between control participants and those with eating disorders. However, we observed a higher proportion of long cf-nDNA fragments in patients with eating disorders, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for eating disorders. CONCLUSION This is the first study of cfDNA in patients with eating disorders. Our findings highlight the potential for qualitative exploration of cfDNA, although not of quantitative interest. Full characterization of cfDNA may serve as a valuable biomarker for eating disorders and provide some insights into the hidden mechanisms underlying the chronic development of these conditions. Future studies are needed to confirm or refute this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Verebi
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France.
| | - Juliette Nectoux
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France
| | - Philibert Duriez
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Philip Gorwood
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Gorwood Team, Paris 75014, France
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Byappanahalli AM, Omoniyi V, Noren Hooten N, Smith JT, Mode NA, Ezike N, Zonderman AB, Evans MK. Extracellular vesicle mitochondrial DNA levels are associated with race and mitochondrial DNA haplogroup. iScience 2024; 27:108724. [PMID: 38226163 PMCID: PMC10788249 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule and may be cargo within extracellular vesicles (EVs). ccf-mtDNA and select mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups are associated with cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that ccf-mtDNA and plasma EV mtDNA would be associated with hypertension, sex, self-identified race, and mtDNA haplogroup ancestry. Participants were normotensive (n = 107) and hypertensive (n = 108) African American and White adults from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. ccf-mtDNA levels were higher in African American participants compared with White participants in both plasma and EVs, but ccf-mtDNA levels were not related to hypertension. EV mtDNA levels were highest in African American participants with African mtDNA haplogroup. Circulating inflammatory protein levels were altered with mtDNA haplogroup, race, and EV mtDNA. Our findings highlight that race is a social construct and that ancestry is crucial when examining health and biomarker differences between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali M. Byappanahalli
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Victor Omoniyi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jessica T. Smith
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Nicolle A. Mode
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ngozi Ezike
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Ware SA, Kliment CR, Giordano L, Redding KM, Rumsey WL, Bates S, Zhang Y, Sciurba FC, Nouraie SM, Kaufman BA. Cell-free DNA levels associate with COPD exacerbations and mortality. Respir Res 2024; 25:42. [PMID: 38238743 PMCID: PMC10797855 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
THE QUESTION ADDRESSED BY THE STUDY Good biological indicators capable of predicting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes and clinical trajectories are lacking. Because nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are damaged and released by cigarette smoke exposure, plasma cell-free mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (cf-mtDNA and cf-nDNA) levels could potentially integrate disease physiology and clinical phenotypes in COPD. This study aimed to determine whether plasma cf-mtDNA and cf-nDNA levels are associated with COPD disease severity, exacerbations, and mortality risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS We quantified mtDNA and nDNA copy numbers in plasma from participants enrolled in the Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE, n = 2,702) study and determined associations with relevant clinical parameters. RESULTS Of the 2,128 participants with COPD, 65% were male and the median age was 64 (interquartile range, 59-69) years. During the baseline visit, cf-mtDNA levels positively correlated with future exacerbation rates in subjects with mild/moderate and severe disease (Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] I/II and III, respectively) or with high eosinophil count (≥ 300). cf-nDNA positively associated with an increased mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.33 [95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.74] per each natural log of cf-nDNA copy number). Additional analysis revealed that individuals with low cf-mtDNA and high cf-nDNA abundance further increased the mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.62 [95% confidence interval, 1.16-2.25] per each natural log of cf-nDNA copy number). ANSWER TO THE QUESTION Plasma cf-mtDNA and cf-nDNA, when integrated into quantitative clinical measurements, may aid in improving COPD severity and progression assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Ware
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street BST W1044, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Corrine R Kliment
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Luca Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street BST W1044, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Kevin M Redding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street BST W1044, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - William L Rumsey
- GlaxoSmithKline Respiratory Therapeutic Area Unit, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Stewart Bates
- GlaxoSmithKline Respiratory Therapeutic Area Unit, Stevenage, UK
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frank C Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S Mehdi Nouraie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Montefiore Hospital, NW628 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Brett A Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street BST W1044, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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