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Camargo Tavares L, Lopera-Maya EA, Bonfiglio F, Zheng T, Sinha T, Zanchetta Marques F, Zhernakova A, Sanna S, D'Amato M. Rome III Criteria Capture Higher Irritable Bowel Syndrome SNP-Heritability and Highlight a Novel Genetic Link with Cardiovascular Traits. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 18:101345. [PMID: 38643935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) shows genetic predisposition, and large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are emerging, based on heterogeneous disease definitions. We investigated the genetic architecture of IBS defined according to gold standard Rome Criteria. METHODS We conducted GWAS meta-analyses of Rome III IBS and its subtypes in 24,735 IBS cases and 77,149 asymptomatic control subjects from 2 independent European cohorts (UK Biobank and Lifelines). Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability (h2SNP) and genetic correlations (rg) with other traits were calculated. IBS risk loci were functionally annotated to identify candidate genes. Sensitivity and conditional analyses were conducted to assess impact of confounders. Polygenic risk scores were computed and tested in independent datasets. RESULTS Rome III IBS showed significant SNP-heritability (up to 13%) and similar genetic architecture across subtypes, including those with manifestations at the opposite ends of the symptom spectrum (rg = 0.48 between IBS-D and IBS-C). Genetic correlations with other traits highlighted commonalities with family history of heart disease and hypertension, coronary artery disease, and angina pectoris (rg = 0.20-0.45), among others. Four independent GWAS signals (P < 5×10-8) were detected, including 2 novel loci for IBS (rs2035380) and IBS-mixed (rs2048419) that had been previously associated with hypertension and coronary artery disease. Functional annotation of GWAS risk loci revealed genes implicated in circadian rhythm (BMAL1), intestinal barrier (CLDN23), immunomodulation (MFHAS1), and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway (ADCY2). Polygenic risk scores allowed the identification of individuals at increased risk of IBS (odds ratio, 1.34; P = 1.1×10-3). CONCLUSIONS Rome III Criteria capture higher SNP-heritability than previously estimated for IBS. The identified link between IBS and cardiovascular traits may contribute to the delineation of alternative therapeutic strategies, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ferdinando Bonfiglio
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Tenghao Zheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Trishla Sinha
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francine Zanchetta Marques
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Serena Sanna
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro D'Amato
- Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE - BRTA, Derio, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy
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Siddiqui SH, Rossi NF. Acute Intake of Fructose Increases Arterial Pressure in Humans: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:219. [PMID: 38257112 PMCID: PMC10818414 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major cardiac risk factor. Higher blood pressures are becoming more prevalent due to changing dietary habits. Here, we evaluated the impact on blood pressure in human subjects after acutely ingesting fructose using meta-analysis. A total of 89 studies were collected from four different electronic databases from 1 January 2008 to 1 August 2023. Of these studies, 10 were selected that fulfilled all the criteria for this meta-analysis. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and blood glucose level were analyzed using the Cohen's d analysis or standardized mean difference at a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. The SBP, DBP, and MAP showed medium effect size; HR and glucose level displayed small effect size. The standardized mean difference of normal diet groups and fructose diet groups showed a significant increase in SBP (p = 0.04, REM = 2.30), and DBP (p = 0.03, REM = 1.48) with heterogeneity of 57% and 62%, respectively. Acute fructose ingestion contributes to an increase in arterial pressure in humans. The different parameters of arterial pressure in humans correlated with each other. These findings support further rigorous investigation, retrospective of necessity, into the effect of chronic dietary of fructose in humans in order to better understand the impact on long term arterial pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noreen F. Rossi
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield Ave. Scott 5473, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
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Makunts T, Dahill D, Jerome L, de Boer A, Abagyan R. Concomitant medications associated with ischemic, hypertensive, and arrhythmic events in MDMA users in FDA adverse event reporting system. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1149766. [PMID: 37275981 PMCID: PMC10233020 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1149766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is currently being investigated as an adjunctive treatment to therapy for posttraumatic stress and other anxiety related disorders in clinical trials. Within the next few years MDMA-assisted therapy is projected for approval by regulatory authorities. MDMA's primary mechanism of action includes modulation of monoamine signaling by increasing release and inhibiting reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and, to a lesser extent, dopamine. This pharmacology affects sympathomimetic physiology. In controlled trials, special attention has been given to cardiovascular adverse events (AEs), because transient increases in heart rate and blood pressure have been observed during the MDMA-assisted therapy sessions. Finding and quantifying the potential drivers of cardiac AEs in clinical trials is difficult since only a relatively small number of participants have been included in these studies, and a limited set of allowed concomitant drugs has been studied. In this study a more diverse set of reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System was surveyed. We found 17 cases of cardiovascular AEs, in which the individuals had taken one or more substances in addition to MDMA. Interestingly, all of those concomitant medications and illicit substances, including opioids, stimulants, anticholinergics, and amphetamines, had been previously associated with cardiovascular AEs. Furthermore, in none of the reports MDMA was marked as the primary suspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tigran Makunts
- MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Diane Dahill
- MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Jerome
- MAPS Public Benefit Corporation, San Jose, CA, United States
| | | | - Ruben Abagyan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Sonobe T, Akiyama T, Pearson JT. Transporter-dependent uptake and metabolism of myocardial interstitial serotonin in the rat heart. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:27. [DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTo investigate the roles of the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) and plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) in 5-HT uptake and its metabolism in the heart, we monitored myocardial interstitial levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA, a metabolite of 5-HT by monoamine oxidase (MAO), in anesthetized rats using a microdialysis technique. Fluoxetine (SERT inhibitor), decynium-22 (PMAT inhibitor), or their mixture was locally administered by reverse-microdialysis for 60 min. Subsequently, pargyline (MAO inhibitor) was co-administered. Fluoxetine rapidly increased dialysate 5-HT concentration, while decynium-22 gradually increased it. The mixture induced a larger increase in dialysate 5-HT concentration compared to fluoxetine or decynium-22 alone. Fluoxetine increased dialysate 5-HIAA concentration, and this increase was abolished by pargyline. Decynium-22 and the mixture did not change dialysate 5-HIAA concentration, which were not affected by pargyline. Both SERT and PMAT regulate myocardial interstitial 5-HT levels by its uptake; however, 5-HT uptake via PMAT leads to 5-HT metabolism by MAO.
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Fukushima AR, Navas-Suárez PE, Peña Muñoz JW, Ricci EL, Leoni LAB, Caperuto ÉC, Yanase L, Santana J, de França E, Delorenzi JCMOB, Terrivel AF, Ferreira GM, Hirata MH, Pantaleon LDP, Zacarelli-Magalhães J, de Abreu GR, Waziry PAF, Nicoletti MA, Spinosa HDS. Post-Partum Depression Lactating Rat Model for Evaluating Ketamine’s Safety as a Pharmacotherapeutic Treatment: Roles in Cardiac and Urinary Function. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090299. [PMID: 36135444 PMCID: PMC9504653 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the world’s most common and mentally disabling illnesses. Post-partum depression is a subtype of depression that affects one in seven women worldwide. Successful pharmacological treatment must consider the consequences for both, since the mother–child bond is fundamental for the well-being of both mother and infant as well as the general development of the newborn. Changes in maternal physiology and/or behavior can significantly influence the development of breastfed infants. Ketamine has been extensively studied for use as an antidepressant due to its mixed mechanisms of action. Safety and efficacy studies in the cardiovascular and urinary systems of a lactating postpartum depression animal model are essential for contributing toward ketamine’s clinical use in the respective patient population. Thus, this project aimed to study the implications of postpartum maternal exposure to ketamine during lactation on the cardiovascular system of female rats submitted to the depression induction model by maternal separation. This model promotes depressive effects through stress caused by the interruption of mother–infant bond early in the offspring’s life. To achieve depression, each dam was separated from her offspring for 3 h per day, from post-natal day 2 (PND2) to PND12. Experimental groups received daily treatment with either 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of ketamine intraperitoneally during the lactation period, from PND2 to PND21. Behavioral tests consisted of the maternal and aggressive maternal behavior tests, the olfactory preference test, and the forced swim test. A technique for the detection of catecholamines and indoleamines in the heart muscle was developed for the experimental model groups. The histopathological evaluation was performed on these animals’ cardiac muscles and urinary bladders. Our findings suggest that ketamine is safe for use in postpartum depression and does not induce cardiovascular and/or urinary systems toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Rinaldi Fukushima
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP (FASIG), São Paulo 01301-000, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-981337311
| | - Pedro Enrique Navas-Suárez
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Esther Lopes Ricci
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP (FASIG), São Paulo 01301-000, SP, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Érico C. Caperuto
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Yanase
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Santana
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Elias de França
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gláucio M. Ferreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Paula Pantaleon
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Zacarelli-Magalhães
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ramos de Abreu
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helenice de Souza Spinosa
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
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Lim SG, Seo SE, Park SJ, Kim J, Kim Y, Kim KH, An JE, Kwon OS. Real-time monitoring of serotonin with highly selective aptamer-functionalized conducting polymer nanohybrids. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:31. [PMID: 35829851 PMCID: PMC9279540 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Adequate serotonin levels are pivotal to human well-being; thus, serotonin can be used as a biomarker because it regulates a wide range of physical and psychological functions. As an imbalance of serotonin is highly likely to initiate the pathogenesis of various disorders, monitoring serotonin levels in real time is in high demand for the early detection of disease. We fabricated a field-effect transistor (FET) biosensor based on aptamer-immobilized conducting polymer nanohybrids, which showed an instantaneous response toward serotonin in solution. The mechanism of serotonin detection was based on aptamer deformation after aptamer-ligand interaction and the consequential decrease in the charge carrier density of the FET template. Docking simulations with AutoDock/Vina and PyMOL were successfully used to investigate the binding site of serotonin in the loop structure of the aptamer. The fabricated FET template showed high sensitivity toward serotonin in the range of 10 fM to 100 nM, and the limit of detection (LOD) was exceptionally low at 10 fM. Moreover, the selectivity toward serotonin was confirmed by observing no signal after the injection of structural analogs, functional analogs and excess physiological biomolecules. The potential clinical application of this sensor was confirmed because it remained consistent when the buffer solution was exchanged for artificial serum or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). † S.G.L. and S.E.S. contributed equally to this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Gi Lim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Seo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joo Park
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeong Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai Eun An
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Seok Kwon
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology (Major), University of Science & Technology (UST), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Sebastiani J, Sabatelli A, McDonald MD. Mild hypoxia exposure impacts peripheral serotonin uptake and degradation in Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:275611. [PMID: 35662341 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasma 5-HT homeostasis is maintained through the combined processes of uptake (via the 5-HT transporter SERT, and others), degradation (via monoamine oxidase, MAO), and excretion. Previous studies have shown that inhibiting SERT, which would inhibit 5-HT uptake and degradation, attenuates parts of the cardiovascular hypoxia reflex in Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta), suggesting that these 5-HT clearance processes may be important during hypoxia exposure. Therefore, the goal of this experiment was to determine the effects of mild hypoxia on 5-HT uptake and degradation in the peripheral tissues of toadfish. We hypothesized that 5-HT uptake and degradation would be upregulated during hypoxia resulting in lower plasma 5-HT, with uptake occurring in the gill, heart, liver, and kidney. Fish were exposed to normoxia (97.6% O2 saturation, 155.6 torr), or 2-min, 40-min or 24 h mild hypoxia (50% O2 saturation, ∼80 torr), injected with radiolabeled [3H]5-HT and blood, urine, bile and tissues taken. Plasma 5-HT levels were reduced by 40% after 40 min of hypoxia exposure and persisted through 24 h. 5-HT uptake by the gill was upregulated following 2 min of hypoxia exposure, and degradation in the gill was upregulated at 40 min and 24 h. Interestingly, there was no change in 5-HT uptake by the heart and degradation in the heart decreased by 58% within 2 min of hypoxia exposure and by 85% at 24 h. These results suggest that 5-HT clearance is upregulated during hypoxia and is likely driven, in part, by mechanisms within the gill and not the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sebastiani
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Allyson Sabatelli
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M Danielle McDonald
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Desmidt T, Dujardin PA, Brizard B, Réméniéras JP, Gissot V, Dufour-Rainfray D, Atanasova B, Kazour F, Belzung C, Camus V, El-Hage W. Decrease in ultrasound Brain Tissue Pulsations as a potential surrogate marker of response to antidepressant. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 146:186-191. [PMID: 34995994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous cross-sectional studies found excessive Brain Tissue Pulsations (BTP) in mid-life depression, which could constitute a mechanism of brain damage in depression. However, it remains unclear whether successful antidepressant therapy restores BTP amplitudes. In this prospective study, we investigated longitudinal changes in BTP in patients with a major depressive episode (MDE), among responders and non-responders to escitalopram. Fifty-two individuals with a MDE, free of antidepressants at baseline, were included in an 8-week open-labeled escitalopram trial. Ultrasound Tissue Pulsatility Imaging (TPI) was applied to measure resting BTP and BTP reactivity in an orthostatic challenge, at baseline and at week 8. TPI data were available for 48 participants divided into responders (n = 28, 58.3%) and non-responders (n = 20, 41.7%) according to change in the MADRS score. MaxBTP significantly decreased between baseline and week 8, only in responders. In addition, changes in MaxBTP during the orthostatic challenge were no longer significant at week 8 but only in responders. Because excessive BTP constitutes a potential mechanism for brain damage, our results suggest that a successful pharmacotherapy could benefit patients to lower the risk of brain damage in individuals with depression, a population exposed to stroke, small arteries disease and brain atrophy. TPI could provide a surrogate biomarker to monitor antidepressant response and brain health in depression in clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Desmidt
- UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; CHU de Tours, Tours, France.
| | | | - Bruno Brizard
- UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Diane Dufour-Rainfray
- UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - François Kazour
- UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Vincent Camus
- UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Wissam El-Hage
- UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; CIC 1415, CHU de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France; CHU de Tours, Tours, France
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Karbownik MS, Hicks SD. The Association of Salivary Serotonin With Mood and Cardio-Autonomic Function: A Preliminary Report. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:788153. [PMID: 35711584 PMCID: PMC9193578 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.788153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin plays an important role in mood regulation and depression. However, it is not clear whether the levels of serotonin in saliva are related to current mood. AIM To test the association of salivary serotonin concentrations with mood, as well as cardiovascular and autonomic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva samples were obtained from collegiate runners and output parameters were examined before and after physical activity. RESULTS Salivary serotonin concentration was negatively associated with current mood (β = -0.32, 95%CI -0.62 to -0.02, p = 0.037, analysis adjusted for potential confounders), but insignificantly with measured cardiovascular and autonomic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Salivary serotonin may reflect current mood. The results are preliminary and require further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven Daniel Hicks
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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Moslah M, Fredj Z, Dridi C. Development of a new highly sensitive serotonin sensor based on green synthesized silver nanoparticle decorated reduced graphene oxide. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5187-5194. [PMID: 34672314 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical detection of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is proposed for the first time using a cost-effective and eco-friendly nanocomposite of AgNPs and rGO which is synthesized through an in situ green reduction process using rosemary leaf extract. The synthesized nanocomposite and the elaborate thin layers have been characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR, TEM, and EIS. The sensitivity of the developed sensor was evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry. The peak current measured at a voltage of 420 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) increased linearly in the 0.1 nM to 100 µM concentration range. A very low limit of detection of 78 pM compared to those in recent studies reported in the literature was obtained. The innovative approach was successfully applied to the determination of serotonin in spiked artificial urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Moslah
- NANOMISENE Laboratory, LR16CRMN01, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology of Sousse (CRMN), Technopole of Sousse B. P. 334, Sahloul, Sousse 4034, Tunisia.
- University of Sousse, Higher School of Science and Technology of Hammam Sousse, 4011, Tunisia
| | - Zina Fredj
- NANOMISENE Laboratory, LR16CRMN01, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology of Sousse (CRMN), Technopole of Sousse B. P. 334, Sahloul, Sousse 4034, Tunisia.
| | - Chérif Dridi
- NANOMISENE Laboratory, LR16CRMN01, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology of Sousse (CRMN), Technopole of Sousse B. P. 334, Sahloul, Sousse 4034, Tunisia.
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Clinical applications of thrombopoietin silencing: A possible therapeutic role in COVID-19? Cytokine 2021; 146:155634. [PMID: 34247039 PMCID: PMC8253722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) is most recognized for its function as the primary regulator of megakaryocyte (MK) expansion and differentiation. MKs, in turn, are best known for their role in platelet production. Research indicates that MKs and platelets play an extensive role in the pathologic thrombosis at sites of high inflammation. TPO, therefore, is a key mediator of thromboinflammation. Silencing of TPO has been shown to decrease platelets levels and rates of pathologic thrombosis in patients with various inflammatory disorders (Barrett et al, 2020; Bunting et al, 1997; Desai et al, 2018; Kaser et al, 2001; Shirai et al, 2019). Given the high rates of thromboinflammmation in the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), as well as the well-documented aberrant MK activity in affected patients, TPO silencing offers a potential therapeutic modality in the treatment of COVID-19 and other pathologies associated with thromboinflammation. The current review explores the current clinical applications of TPO silencing and offers insight into a potential role in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Zusman EZ, Lavu A, Pawliuk C, Pawluski J, Hutchison SM, Platt RW, Oberlander TF. Associations between prenatal exposure of serotonergic medications and biobehavioural stress regulation: Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 11:e33363. [PMID: 35343913 PMCID: PMC9002587 DOI: 10.2196/33363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up to 20% of mothers experience antenatal depression and approximately 30% of these women are treated with serotonergic psychotropic pharmacological therapy during pregnancy. Serotonergic antidepressants readily cross the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barrier, altering central synaptic serotonin signaling and potentially altering serotonin levels in the developing fetal brain. Objective The aim of this study is to assess the impact of prenatal exposure to serotonergic antidepressants, accounting for maternal mood disturbances, on markers of stress regulation during childhood. Methods We will follow PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and will search MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ClinicalTrials.gov for full-length studies that assessed physiological (eg, cortisol level, heart rate variability, salivary amylase, pupillary size, C-reactive protein) indices of stress regulation in children of pregnant people who were treated with a serotonergic antidepressant at any point during pregnancy. We will assess the quality of observational studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the quality of experimental studies using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. When possible, we will conduct a random-effects meta-analysis. If meta-analysis is not possible, we will conduct a narrative review. If a sufficient number of studies are found, we will perform subgroup analysis and assess outcomes measured by drug class, dose, trimester of exposure, and child’s age and gender. Results We registered our review protocol with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; CRD42021275750), completed the literature search, and initiated title and abstract review in August 2021. We expect to finalize this review by April 2022. Conclusions Findings should identify the impact of prenatal antidepressant effects on stress regulation and distinguish it from the impact of prenatal exposure to maternal mood disturbances. This review should inform decisions about serotonergic antidepressant use during pregnancy. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42021275750; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=275750 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/33363
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Affiliation(s)
- Enav Z Zusman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alekhya Lavu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Colleen Pawliuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jodi Pawluski
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Sarah M Hutchison
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert W Platt
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tim F Oberlander
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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13
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Kang HJ, Lee EH, Kim JW, Kim SW, Shin IS, Kim JT, Park MS, Cho KH, Han JS, Lyoo IK, Kim JM. Association of SLC6A4 methylation with long-term outcomes after stroke: focus on the interaction with suicidal ideation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2710. [PMID: 33526821 PMCID: PMC7851135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81854-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) plays an important role in cerebrovascular homeostasis and psychiatric disorders, including suicidality. Methylation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) is associated with 5-HT expression. However, the prognostic roles of SLC6A4 methylation and suicidal ideation (SI) in long-term outcomes of stroke have not been evaluated. We investigated the independent and interactive effects of SLC6A4 methylation and SI immediately after stroke on long-term outcomes. Blood SLC6A4 methylation status and SI based on the suicide item of the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale were assessed in 278 patients at 2 weeks after stroke. After the index stroke, cerebro-cardiovascular events by SLC6A4 methylation status and SI were investigated over an 8–14-year follow-up period and using Cox regression models adjusted for a range of covariates. SLC6A4 hypermethylation and SI within 2 weeks of stroke both predicted worse long-term outcomes, independent of covariates. A significant interaction effect of SI and the methylation status of CpG 4 on long-term stroke outcomes was also identified. The association between SLC6A4 methylation and long-term adverse outcomes may be strengthened in the presence of SI within 2 weeks after stroke. Evaluation of methylation and SI status during the acute phase can be helpful when assessing stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseoro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61669, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseoro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61669, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseoro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61669, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseoro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61669, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseoro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61669, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Tae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Han
- Department of Biological Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseoro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61669, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Duarte P, Cuadrado A, León R. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: From Classic to New Clinical Approaches. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 264:229-259. [PMID: 32852645 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are involved in the oxidative deamination of different amines and neurotransmitters. This pointed them as potential targets for several disorders and along the last 70 years a wide variety of MAO inhibitors have been developed as successful drugs for the treatment of complex diseases, being the first drugs approved for depression in the late 1950s. The discovery of two MAO isozymes (MAO-A and B) with different substrate selectivity and tissue expression patterns led to novel therapeutic approaches and to the development of new classes of inhibitors, such as selective irreversible and reversible MAO-B inhibitors and reversible MAO-A inhibitors. Significantly, MAO-B inhibitors constitute a widely studied group of compounds, some of them approved for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Further applications are under development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This review summarizes the most important aspects regarding the development and clinical use of MAO inhibitors, going through mechanistic and structural details, new indications, and future perspectives. Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of different amines and neurotransmitters. The two different isozymes, MAO-A and MAO-B, are located at the outer mitochondrial membrane in different tissues. The enzymatic reaction involves formation of the corresponding aldehyde and releasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ammonia or a substituted amine depending on the substrate. MAO's role in neurotransmitter metabolism made them targets for major depression and Parkinson's disease, among other neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, these compounds are being studied for other diseases such as cardiovascular ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Duarte
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientÚficas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Karbownik MS, Kręczyńska J, Wiktorowska-Owczarek A, Kwarta P, Cybula M, Stilinović N, Pietras T, Kowalczyk E. Decrease in Salivary Serotonin in Response to Probiotic Supplementation With Saccharomyces boulardii in Healthy Volunteers Under Psychological Stress: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:800023. [PMID: 35069447 PMCID: PMC8772029 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.800023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial probiotics are thought to exert a serotonergic effect relevant to their potential antidepressant and pro-cognitive action, but yeast probiotics have not been tested. The aim of the present study was to determine whether 30-day supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii affects the level of salivary serotonin under psychological stress and identify the factors associated with it. METHODS Healthy medical students were randomized to ingest Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 or placebo before a stressful event. Salivary serotonin concentration was assessed before and at the end of supplementation. Moreover, obtained results were compared to psychological, biochemical, physiological and sociodemographic study participants data. RESULTS Data of thirty-two participants (22.8 ± 1.7 years of age, 16 males) was available for the main analysis. Supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii decreased salivary serotonin concentration under psychological stress by 3.13 (95% CI 0.20 to 6.07) ng/mL, p = 0.037, as compared to placebo. Salivary serotonin was positively correlated with salivary metanephrine (β = 0.27, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.52, p = 0.031) and pulse rate (β = 0.28, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.50, p = 0.018), but insignificantly with anxiety, depression, eating attitudes and information retrieval. CONCLUSIONS Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 may be distinct from bacterial probiotics in its salivary serotonergic effect, which appears positively linked to symapathoadrenal markers. The study requires cautious interpretation, and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Seweryn Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
- *Correspondence: Michał Seweryn Karbownik,
| | - Joanna Kręczyńska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Paulina Kwarta
- Psychiatric Ward for Adolescents, Babinski Specialist Psychiatric Healthcare Center, Łódź, Poland
| | - Magdalena Cybula
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Aging and Metabolism Program, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Nebojša Stilinović
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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16
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Spinazzola JM, Lambert MR, Gibbs DE, Conner JR, Krikorian GL, Pareek P, Rago C, Kunkel LM. Effect of serotonin modulation on dystrophin-deficient zebrafish. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio053363. [PMID: 32718931 PMCID: PMC7473644 DOI: 10.1242/bio.053363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle-wasting disease caused by mutation of the dystrophin gene. Pharmacological therapies that function independently of dystrophin and complement strategies aimed at dystrophin restoration could significantly improve patient outcomes. Previous observations have suggested that serotonin pathway modulation ameliorates dystrophic pathology, and re-application of serotonin modulators already used clinically would potentially hasten availability to DMD patients. In our study, we used dystrophin-deficient sapje and sapje-like zebrafish models of DMD for rapid and easy screening of several classes of serotonin pathway modulators as potential therapeutics. None of the candidate drugs tested significantly decreased the percentage of zebrafish exhibiting the dystrophic muscle phenotype in the short-term birefringence assay or lengthened the lifespan in the long-term survival assay. Although we did not identify an effective drug, we believe our data is of value to the DMD research community for future studies, and there is evidence that suggests serotonin modulation may still be a viable treatment strategy with further investigation. Given the widespread clinical use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants and reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase, their reapplication to DMD is an attractive strategy in the field's pursuit to identify pharmacological therapies to complement dystrophin restoration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle M Spinazzola
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias R Lambert
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Devin E Gibbs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James R Conner
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgia L Krikorian
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prithu Pareek
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Louis M Kunkel
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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17
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Buchborn T, Lyons T, Song C, Feilding A, Knöpfel T. The serotonin 2A receptor agonist 25CN-NBOH increases murine heart rate and neck-arterial blood flow in a temperature-dependent manner. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:786-794. [PMID: 32048564 PMCID: PMC7488829 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120903465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin 2A receptors, the molecular target of psychedelics, are expressed by neuronal and vascular cells, both of which might contribute to brain haemodynamic characteristics for the psychedelic state. AIM Aiming for a systemic understanding of psychedelic vasoactivity, here we investigated the effect of N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenylethylamine - a new-generation agonist with superior serotonin 2A receptor selectivity - on brain-supplying neck-arterial blood flow. METHODS We recorded core body temperature and employed non-invasive, collar-sensor based pulse oximetry in anesthetised mice to extract parameters of local blood perfusion, oxygen saturation, heart and respiration rate. Hypothesising an overlap between serotonergic pulse- and thermoregulation, recordings were done under physiological and elevated pad temperatures. RESULTS N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenylethylamine (1.5 mg/kg, subcutaneous) significantly increased the frequency of heart beats accompanied by a slight elevation of neck-arterial blood flow. Increasing the animal-supporting heat-pad temperature from 37°C to 41°C enhanced the drug's effect on blood flow while counteracting tachycardia. Additionally, N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenylethylamine promoted bradypnea, which, like tachycardia, quickly reversed at the elevated pad temperature. The interrelatedness of N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenylethylamine's respiro-cardiovascular effects and thermoregulation was further corroborated by the drug selectively increasing the core body temperature at the elevated pad temperature. Arterial oxygen saturation was not affected by N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenylethylamine at either temperature. CONCLUSIONS Our findings imply that selective serotonin 2A receptor activation modulates systemic cardiovascular functioning in orchestration with thermoregulation and with immediate relevance to brain-imminent neck (most likely carotid) arteries. As carotid branching is a critical last hub to channel cardiovascular output to or away from the brain, our results might have implications for the brain haemodynamics associated with psychedelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Buchborn
- Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK,Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK,Tobias Buchborn, Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, Du Cane Road, Burlington Danes, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Taylor Lyons
- Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK,Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Chenchen Song
- Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK,Centre for Neurotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK
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18
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Saracheva K, Hrischev P, Vasileva L, Topolov M, Nikolova J, Getova D. Effects of new generation triptans - frovatriptan and almotriptan - on hemodynamic parameters in intact male and female rats. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2020; 70:239-247. [PMID: 31955146 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of the second generation triptans in clinical and experimental practice was a major progress in the pharmacotherapy of migraine. Frovatriptan is a second generation triptan with strong 5-HT1B/1D serotonergic agonism and low 5-HT1A/7 receptor affinity, while almotriptan possesses not only the typical 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist activity, but shows an affinity to the 5-HT1F receptor. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of frovatriptan and almotriptan on hemodynamics in male and female rats. We used a non-invasive "tail-cuff" method to measure the arterial blood pressure. Female and male Wistar rats were treated separately with high and low dosages of frovatriptan and almotriptan. Male and female rats showed reduction in all hemodynamic parameters, but only male rats showed an increase in the heart rate. In general, we could say that both almotriptan and frovatriptan potentiate cardiovascular safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kremena Saracheva
- Department of Pharmacology and Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Petar Hrischev
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Liliya Vasileva
- Department of Pharmacology and Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Mariyan Topolov
- Department of Pharmacology and Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Julia Nikolova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Damianka Getova
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Technological Center of Emergency Medicine (TCEMED), Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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19
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He Q, Li M, Wang X, Xia Z, Du Y, Li Y, Wei L, Shang J. A simple, efficient and rapid HPLC-UV method for the detection of 5-HT in RIN-14B cell extract and cell culture medium. BMC Chem 2019; 13:76. [PMID: 31384823 PMCID: PMC6661732 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (also known as 5-HT, serotonin) is one of the monoamine neurotransmitters which is distributed widely in plasma and brain of mammals and plays important roles in physiological manipulations. In the present method, we describe the development of a simple, efficient and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detector for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 5-HT in both cell extract and cell culture medium (RIN-14B). The experiments use repeated freeze-thaw cycles followed by centrifugation and direct injection of the supernatant into the chromatography. An analytical C18 column (Agilent Zorbax Extend, 4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm.) was taken for chromatographic separation; the mobile phase was 0.05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4)/acetonitrile (90:10 v/v). Isocratic elution is established at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The time required for this chromatographic run is 8 min. Over the concentration range of 0.1-10 μg/mL, the calibration curve is linear in this method. Other unique characteristics and advantages include high accuracy (92.02-103.28%) and high precision (intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation ≤ 4.69%). This method is applicable for the investigation of drug/condition-response relationships in the function of synthesis and secretion of 5-HT in cultured RIN-14B cells in various in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang He
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eQinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eKey Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000 0004 1797 8419grid.410726.6University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Maoru Li
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 21198 China
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Xuechun Wang
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 21198 China
| | - Zhenjiang Xia
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eQinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eKey Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000 0004 1797 8419grid.410726.6University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuzhi Du
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eQinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eKey Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
| | - Yan Li
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eQinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eKey Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000 0004 1797 8419grid.410726.6University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Lixin Wei
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eQinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eKey Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
| | - Jing Shang
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eQinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000000119573309grid.9227.eKey Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, 810008 Qinghai China
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 21198 China
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
- 0000 0000 9776 7793grid.254147.1School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
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Oh A, Foster ML, Lunn KF, Mowat FM. Circulating neurohormone imbalances in canine sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome and canine pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:2587-2594. [PMID: 31660652 PMCID: PMC6872621 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) has clinical similarity to pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism (PDH) in dogs. Some studies have identified a greater frequency of SARDS in seasons with reduced daylight hours. Neurohormone imbalances contribute to retinal lesions in other species, warranting further study in dogs with SARDS. HYPOTHESIS Dysregulation of circulating melatonin concentration is present in dogs with SARDS but not in dogs with PDH. ANIMALS Fifteen client-owned dogs with spontaneous SARDS (median time of vision loss 18 days), 14 normal dogs, and 13 dogs with confirmed PDH. PROCEDURES Prospective case-control study. ELISA on samples (obtained in the morning) for measurement of plasma melatonin and dopamine, serum serotonin, urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (MT6s), and creatinine. Statistical analysis was performed using 1-way ANOVA, Spearman correlation and receiver operator characteristic area under the curve analysis. RESULTS There were no significant differences in circulating melatonin, serotonin or dopamine concentrations between the 3 groups, although the study was underpowered for detection of significant differences in serum serotonin. Urine MT6s:creatinine ratio was significantly higher in dogs with PDH (4.08 ± 2.15 urine [MT6s] ng/mL per mg of urine creatinine) compared with dogs with SARDS (2.37 ± .51, P < .01), but not compared with normal dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE We have identified neurohormone differences between dogs with SARDS and PDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Oh
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State University College of Veterinary MedicineRaleighNorth Carolina
| | - Melanie L. Foster
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State University College of Veterinary MedicineRaleighNorth Carolina
| | - Katharine F. Lunn
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State University College of Veterinary MedicineRaleighNorth Carolina
| | - Freya M. Mowat
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State University College of Veterinary MedicineRaleighNorth Carolina
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21
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Serotonin, hematopoiesis and stem cells. Pharmacol Res 2019; 140:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Central nervous system (CNS) serotonin (5-HT) exerts both excitatory and inhibitory effects on the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in animals. In this study, we examine the effects of tryptophan enhancement and depletion on plasma catecholamine levels in humans. METHODS The total sample consisted of 164 healthy men and women who were tested for 2 days. Seventy-nine participants were randomized to a tryptophan enhancement condition and 85 to a tryptophan depletion condition. Both protocols consisted of a "sham day," followed by an "active day." Blood samples for assessment of plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were collected before and after tryptophan enhancement/depletion. Data were analyzed using general linear models. Separate analyses were conducted for each study arm and for each measure. RESULTS In the depletion condition, both epinephrine (F(5,330) = 2.69, p = .021) and norepinephrine (F(5,335) = 2.79, p = .018) showed small increases on active versus "sham" depletion days. There were also significant day by time interactions for epinephrine (F(3,171) = 39.32, p < .0001) and norepinephrine (F(3,195) = 31.09, p < .0001) levels in the enhancement arm. Tryptophan infusion resulted in a marked increase in epinephrine (Premean = 23.92 (12.23) versus Postmean = 81.57 (62.36)) and decrease in norepinephrine (Premean = 257.2 (106.11) versus Postmean = 177.04 (87.15)), whereas levels of both catecholamines were stable on the "sham day." CONCLUSIONS CNS 5-HT exerts both inhibitory and excitatory effects on SNS activity in humans, potentially due to stimulation of CNS 5-HT receptors that have shown to have inhibitory (5-HT1A) and excitatory (5-HT1A and/or 5-HT2) SNS effects in animal models.
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Amador MHB, McDonald MD. The serotonin transporter and nonselective transporters are involved in peripheral serotonin uptake in the Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R1154-R1166. [PMID: 30303705 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00137.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, circulating serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] is sequestered by platelets via the 5-HT transporter (SERT) to prevent unintended signaling by this potent signaling molecule. Teleost fish appear to lack a similar circulating storage pool, although the diverse effects of 5-HT in teleosts likely necessitate an alternative method of tight regulation, such as uptake by peripheral tissues. Here, a 5-HT radiotracer was used to explore the 5-HT uptake capacity of peripheral tissues in the Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, and to elucidate the primary excretion routes of 5-HT and its metabolites. Pharmacological inhibition of SERT and other transporters enabled assessment of the SERT dependence of peripheral 5-HT uptake and excretion. The results indicated a rapid and substantial uptake of 5-HT by the heart atrium, heart ventricle, and gill that was at least partly SERT dependent. The results also supported the presence of a partial blood-brain barrier that prevented rapid changes in brain 5-HT content despite fluctuating plasma 5-HT concentrations. The renal pathway appeared to be the dominant excretory route for 5-HT and its metabolites over shorter time frames (up to ~30 min), but hepatic excretion was substantial over several hours. SERT inhibition ultimately reduced the excretion of 5-HT and its metabolites by urinary, biliary, and/or intestinal pathways. In addition, branchial excretion of 5-HT and its metabolites could not be ruled out. In summary, this study reveals that the toadfish heart and gill play active roles in regulating circulating 5-HT and yields important insights into the control of peripheral 5-HT in this teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly H B Amador
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami , Miami, Florida
| | - M Danielle McDonald
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami , Miami, Florida
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Höglund K, Häggström J, Hanås S, Merveille AC, Gouni V, Wiberg M, Lundgren Willesen J, Entee KM, Mejer Sørensen L, Tiret L, Seppälä EH, Lohi H, Chetboul V, Fredholm M, Lequarré AS, Ljungvall I. Interbreed variation in serum serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) concentration in healthy dogs. J Vet Cardiol 2018; 20:244-253. [PMID: 29921518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) has several biological functions. In different species, excessive 5-HT has been linked to valvular lesions, similar to those seen in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Previous studies suggest higher 5-HT in healthy Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs), a breed highly affected by myxomatous mitral valve disease, compared to other breeds. OBJECTIVE To investigate potential interbreed variation in serum 5-HT in healthy dogs. ANIMALS 483 healthy dogs of nine breeds aged 1-7 years. METHODS Dogs were examined at five European centers. Absence of cardiovascular, organ-related, or systemic diseases was ensured by thorough clinical investigations including echocardiography. Serum was frozen and later analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Median 5-HT concentration was 252.5 (interquartile range = 145.5-390.6) ng/mL. Overall breed difference was found (p<0.0001), and 42% of pairwise breed comparisons were significant. Univariate regression analysis showed association between serum 5-HT concentration and breed, center of examination, storage time, and sex, with higher 5-HT in females. In multiple regression analysis, the final model had an adjusted R2 of 0.27 with breed (p<0.0001), center (p<0.0001), and storage time (p=0.014) remaining significant. Within centers, overall breed differences were found at 3/5 centers (p≤0.028), and pairwise comparisons within those centers showed breed differences in 42% of comparisons. Among the included breeds, Newfoundlands, Belgian Shepherds and CKCSs had highest 5-HT concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Interbreed variation in serum 5-HT concentration was found in healthy dogs aged 1-7 years. These differences should be taken into account when designing clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Höglund
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - J Häggström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Hanås
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden; Evidensia Animal Clinic, 723 41 Västerås, Sweden
| | - A-C Merveille
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - V Gouni
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité de Cardiologie d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France; Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - M Wiberg
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lundgren Willesen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Mc Entee
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium; Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - L Mejer Sørensen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Tiret
- U955 IMRB, Team 10, Inserm, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - E H Seppälä
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Finland
| | - H Lohi
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Finland
| | - V Chetboul
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité de Cardiologie d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France; Inserm, U955, Equipe 3, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - M Fredholm
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A-S Lequarré
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - I Ljungvall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
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Silva TLA, Braz GRF, Silva SCDA, Pedroza AADS, Freitas CDM, Ferreira DJS, da Silva AI, Lagranha CJ. Serotonin transporter inhibition during neonatal period induces sex-dependent effects on mitochondrial bioenergetics in the rat brainstem. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:1620-1634. [PMID: 29802653 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin reuptake is mainly regulated by the serotonin transporters (SERTs), which are abundantly found in the raphe nuclei, located in the brainstem. Previous studies have shown that dysfunction in the SERT has been associated with several disorders, including depression and cardiovascular diseases. In this manuscript, we aimed to investigate how gender and the treatment with a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) could affect mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative stress in the brainstem of male and female rats. Fluoxetine, our chosen SSRI, was used during the neonatal period (i.e., from postnatal Day 1 to postnatal Day 21-PND1 to PND21) in both male and female animals. Thereafter, experiments were conducted in adult rats (60 days old). Our results demonstrate that, during lactation, fluoxetine treatment modulates the mitochondrial bioenergetics in a sex-dependent manner, such as improving male mitochondrial function and female antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tercya Lucidi Araujo Silva
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Glauber Rudá Feitoza Braz
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Aline Isabel da Silva
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Sabe SA, Feng J, Liu Y, Scrimgeour LA, Ehsan A, Sellke FW. Decreased contractile response of peripheral arterioles to serotonin after CPB in patients with diabetes. Surgery 2018; 164:288-293. [PMID: 29759300 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulation of coronary vasomotor tone by serotonin is significantly changed after cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion. The current study investigates whether cardiopulmonary bypass may also affect peripheral arteriolar response to serotonin in patients with or without diabetes. METHODS Human peripheral microvessels (90-180 µm diameter) were dissected from harvested skeletal muscle tissues from diabetic and non-diabetic patients before and after cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac surgery (n = 8/group). In vitro contractile response to serotonin was assessed by videomicroscopy in the presence or absence of serotonin alone (10-9-10-5M) or combined with the selective serotonin 1B receptor (5-HT1B) antagonist, SB224289 (10-6M). 5-HT1A/1B protein expression in the skeletal muscle was measured by Western-blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS There were no significant differences in contractile response of peripheral arterioles to serotonin (10-5M) pre-cardiopulmonary bypass between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. After cardiopulmonary bypass, contractile response to serotonin was significantly impaired in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients compared to their pre-cardiopulmonary bypass counterparts (P < .05). This effect was more pronounced in diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients (P < .05 versus non-diabetic). The contractile response to serotonin was significantly inhibited by the 5-HT1B antagonist in both diabetic and non-diabetic vessels (P < .05 versus serotonin alone). There were no significant differences in the expression/distribution of 5-HT1A/1B between non-diabetic and diabetic groups or between pre- versus post- cardiopulmonary bypass vessels. CONCLUSIONS Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with decreased contractile response of peripheral arterioles to serotonin and this effect was exaggerated in the presence of diabetes. Serotonin-induced contractile response of the peripheral arterioles was via 5-HT1B in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif A Sabe
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI
| | - Laura A Scrimgeour
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI
| | - Afshin Ehsan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI .
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He Y, Cai Z, Zeng S, Chen S, Tang B, Liang Y, Chang X, Guo Y. Effect of fluoxetine on three-year recurrence in acute ischemic stroke: A randomized controlled clinical study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018; 168:1-6. [PMID: 29494855 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of fluoxetine on three-year recurrence rate of acute ischemic stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS 404 enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and underwent conventional secondary preventive therapy for ischemic stroke. In addition, the treatment group was administered fluoxetine (20 mg daily for 90 days). A three-year follow-up was performed, and indicators related to risk factors of stroke were assessed at day 90 of follow-up. The effect of fluoxetine on the three-year recurrence rate of acute ischemic stroke was evaluated by survival analysis, as well as multifactor Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The values of systolic blood pressure, blood total cholesterol, blood low density lipoprotein and glycosylated hemoglobin at day 90 of follow-up were significantly lower in treatment group than control group (P = 0.002, P = 0.002, P = 0.018, P = 0.011, respectively). The occurrence rates of epilepsy, gastrointestinal bleeding, syncope, allergic reactions, hemorrhagic infarction, and death were not significantly different between the two groups during the follow-up (P > 0.05). The recurrence-free survival rate of ischemic stroke was significantly lower in the treatment group than control group as assessed by the Kaplan-Meier test (85.1% Vs 75.7%, P = 0.016), as well as the recurrence-free survival rate after day 90 in the three-year follow-up (87.0% Vs 79.3%, P = 0.043). Multifactor Cox regression analysis demonstrated treatment with fluoxetine was an independent factor reducing three-year recurrence in acute ischemic stroke (HR = 0.594, 95% CI: 0.376-0.938). CONCLUSION Treatment with fluoxetine for 90 days after acute ischemic stroke significantly reduces the three-year recurrence rate of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao He
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Zhili Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Siling Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Bingshan Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Yubing Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Rueda MA. Depresión en la mujer. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Ulhaq ZS, Kishida M. Brain Aromatase Modulates Serotonergic Neuron by Regulating Serotonin Levels in Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:230. [PMID: 29867763 PMCID: PMC5954033 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Teleost fish are known to express two isoforms of P450 aromatase, a key enzyme for estrogen synthesis. One of the isoforms, brain aromatase (AroB), cyp19a1b, is highly expressed during early development of zebrafish, thereby suggesting its role in brain development. On the other hand, early development of serotonergic neuron, one of the major monoamine neurons, is considered to play an important role in neurogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the role of AroB in development of serotonergic neuron by testing the effects of (1) estradiol (E2) exposure and (2) morpholino (MO)-mediated AroB knockdown. When embryos were exposed to E2, the effects were biphasic. The low dose of E2 (0.005 µM) significantly increased serotonin (5-HT) positive area at 48 hour post-fertilization (hpf) detected by immunohistochemistry and relative mRNA levels of tryptophan hydroxylase isoforms (tph1a, tph1b, and tph2) at 96 hpf measured by semi-quantitative PCR. To test the effects on serotonin transmission, heart rate and thigmotaxis, an indicator of anxiety, were analyzed. The low dose also significantly increased heart rate at 48 hpf and decreased thigmotaxis. The high dose of E2 (1 µM) exhibited opposite effects in all parameters. The effects of both low and high doses were reversed by addition of estrogen receptor (ER) blocker, ICI 182,780, thereby suggesting that the effects were mediated through ER. When AroB MO was injected to fertilized eggs, 5-HT-positive area was significantly decreased, while the significant decrease in relative tph mRNA levels was found only with tph2 but not with two other isoforms. AroB MO also decreased heart rate and increased thigmotaxis. All the effects were rescued by co-injection with AroB mRNA and by exposure to E2. Taken together, this study demonstrates the role of brain aromatase in development of serotonergic neuron in zebrafish embryos and larvae, implying that brain-formed estrogen is an important factor to sustain early development of serotonergic neuron.
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Szeitz A, Bandiera SM. Analysis and measurement of serotonin. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- András Szeitz
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Stelvio M. Bandiera
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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Wyler SC, Lord CC, Lee S, Elmquist JK, Liu C. Serotonergic Control of Metabolic Homeostasis. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:277. [PMID: 28979187 PMCID: PMC5611374 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
New treatments are urgently needed to address the current epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Recent studies have highlighted multiple pathways whereby serotonin (5-HT) modulates energy homeostasis, leading to a renewed interest in the identification of 5-HT-based therapies for metabolic disease. This review aims to synthesize pharmacological and genetic studies that have found diverse functions of both central and peripheral 5-HT in the control of food intake, thermogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism. We also discuss the potential benefits of targeting the 5-HT system to combat metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Wyler
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Caleb C Lord
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Syann Lee
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Joel K Elmquist
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Chen Liu
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
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Liu C, Lai Y, Ouyang J, Yang T, Guo Y, Yang J, Huang S. Influence of nonylphenol and octylphenol exposure on 5-HT, 5-HT transporter, and 5-HT 2A receptor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8279-8286. [PMID: 28160177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) are priority environmental contaminants that have a potential role as endocrine disruptors. They can be biomagnified in the food chain and pose an estrogenic health risk to human health. A 28-day oral toxicity study was performed to observe the impact of single and combined exposure to NP and OP on 5-HT transporter (SERT) as well as 5-HT2A receptor. Results showed that the 5-HT levels in rat plasma increased with exposure to middle-dose and high-dose NP, to high-dose OP, and to low, middle, and high doses of combined NP and OP (P < 0.05), while the 5-HT levels in rat platelets increased when exposed to NP/OP or combined NP and OP of middle or high dose (P < 0.05). The expression levels of SERT in rat platelets decreased when exposed to high-dose NP/OP or high dose of combined NP and OP (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of 5-HT2A in rat platelets decreased when exposed to high-dose NP/OP as well as combined NP and OP (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that exposure to NP and OP could influence the metabolic network of 5-hydroxytryptamine via transportation and receptor binding pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment to Post-Harvested Product Storage, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yuting Lai
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Junyan Ouyang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tongwang Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youting Guo
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaowen Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Zhao Z, Liu X, Xing X, Lu Y, Sun Y, Ou X, Su X, Jiang J, Yang Y, Chen J, Shen B, He Y. The Activation Effects of Low Level Isopropyl Alcohol Exposure on Arterial Blood Pressures Are Associated with Decreased 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid in Urine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162762. [PMID: 27622502 PMCID: PMC5021351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purposes The objectives of this paper are to study the impact of low level isopropyl alcohol exposure on blood pressure and to explore its potential mechanism. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on a prospective occupational cohort in south China, which focusing on occupational risk factors related cardiovascular health problems. A total of 283 participants (200 low isopropyl alcohol exposed workers and 83 controls) was finally enrolled in this study. Linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between arterial blood pressures and low level isopropyl alcohol exposure. We used mediation method to explore possible mediated roles of neurogenic factors. Results Systolic blood pressure (SBP, 123±10 vs. 118±11), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, 79±7 vs. 74±7) and mean blood pressure (MBP, 93±8 vs. 89±9) were different between the exposed group and the control group (p < 0.01). After adjusting for covariates, the difference was still significant. Besides, isopropyl alcohol and smoking had an interactive effect on DBP and MBP (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we observed a mediated effect of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) on isopropyl alcohol exposure induced arterial blood pressure increase, which accounted for about 25%. Conclusions Our results suggest that low level isopropyl alcohol exposure is a potential risk factor for the increased arterial blood pressure and 5-HIAA partly mediates the association between low level isopropyl alcohol exposure and arterial blood pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxia Liu
- Prevention and Control Center for Occupational Diseases, Zhongshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Su
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yarui Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingli Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Biling Shen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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Gunning WT, Karabin BL, Blomquist TM, Grubb BP. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is associated with platelet storage pool deficiency. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4849. [PMID: 27631244 PMCID: PMC5402587 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms have been postulated to explain postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), however, the etiology of this often debilitating disorder remains unknown. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 181 POTS patients who exhibited/reported bleeding symptoms for a specific platelet (PL) dysfunction disorder, delta granule storage pool deficiency (δ-SPD).Patients were included only if results of blood tests for δ-SPD were available. Electron microscopy was utilized to diagnose δ-SPD. An ELISA assay was used to determine serotonin (5HT) concentration in PLs and medical record review was employed to collect patients' clinical symptoms.The most common bleeding symptom was easy bruising (71%) but frequent nose bleeds, heavy menstrual bleeding, and a family history of bleeding were also commonly reported. Of the patients studied, 81% were diagnosed with δ-SPD. Our investigation of 5HT concentration extracted from PLs revealed significantly lower levels of 5HT in POTS patients when compared to that of control subjects. Our data suggest that patients with POTS have significant comorbidities including bleeding symptoms and/or family bleeding histories, and have diminished PL 5HT levels supporting the hypothesis that POTS is a low 5HT level disorder. While we describe a significant relationship with POTS and δ-SPD, this finding does not constitute an etiology for POTS.Our results establish an additional comorbidity frequently seen in POTS that could explain a number of disparate symptoms often affecting the severity of POTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Gunning
- Department of Pathology
- Correspondence: William T. Gunning III, Department of Pathology, University of Toledo Medical Center, 3000 Arlington Avenue, MS 1090, Toledo, OH 43614 (e-mail: )
| | | | | | - Blair P. Grubb
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH
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Klavdianou K, Liossis SN, Papachristou DJ, Theocharis G, Sirinian C, Kottorou A, Filippopoulou A, Andonopoulos AP, Daoussis D. Decreased Serotonin Levels and Serotonin-Mediated Osteoblastic Inhibitory Signaling in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:630-9. [PMID: 26420546 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that serotonin is an inhibitor of bone formation. We aimed to assess: 1) serum serotonin levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a prototype bone-forming disease, compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy subjects; 2) the effect(s) of TNFα blockers on serum serotonin levels in patients with AS and RA; and 3) the effect(s) of serum of AS patients on serotonin signaling. Serum serotonin levels were measured in 47 patients with AS, 28 patients with RA, and 40 healthy subjects by radioimmunoassay; t test was used to assess differences between groups. The effect of serum on serotonin signaling was assessed using the human osteoblastic cell line Saos2, evaluating levels of phospho-CREB by Western immunoblots. Serotonin serum levels were significantly lower in patients with AS compared with healthy subjects (mean ± SEM ng/mL 122.9 ± 11.6 versus 177.4 ± 24.58, p = 0.038) and patients with RA (mean ± SEM ng/mL 244.8 ± 37.5, p = 0.0004). Patients with AS receiving TNFα blockers had significantly lower serotonin levels compared with patients with AS not on such treatment (mean ± SEM ng/mL 95.8 ± 14.9 versus 149.2 ± 16.0, p = 0.019). Serotonin serum levels were inversely correlated with pCREB induction in osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. Serotonin levels are low in patients with AS and decrease even further during anti-TNFα treatment. Differences in serotonin levels are shown to have a functional impact on osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. Therefore, serotonin may be involved in new bone formation in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Klavdianou
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Stamatis-Nick Liossis
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionysios J Papachristou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Theocharis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Chaido Sirinian
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kottorou
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandra Filippopoulou
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Andrew P Andonopoulos
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Daoussis
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
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Gehmlich K, Dodd MS, Allwood JW, Kelly M, Bellahcene M, Lad HV, Stockenhuber A, Hooper C, Ashrafian H, Redwood CS, Carrier L, Dunn WB. Changes in the cardiac metabolome caused by perhexiline treatment in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:564-73. [PMID: 25437646 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Energy depletion has been highlighted as an important contributor to the pathology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a common inherited cardiac disease. Pharmacological reversal of energy depletion appears an attractive approach and the use of perhexiline has been proposed as it is thought to shift myocardial metabolism from fatty acid to glucose utilisation, increasing ATP production and myocardial efficiency. We used the Mybpc3-targeted knock-in mouse model of HCM to investigate changes in the cardiac metabolome following perhexiline treatment. Echocardiography indicated that perhexiline induced partial improvement of some, but not all hypertrophic parameters after six weeks. Non-targeted metabolomics, applying ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, described a phenotypic modification of the cardiac metabolome with 272 unique metabolites showing a statistically significant change (p < 0.05). Changes in fatty acids and acyl carnitines indicate altered fatty acid transport into mitochondria, implying reduction in fatty acid beta-oxidation. Increased glucose utilisation is indirectly implied through changes in the glycolytic, glycerol, pentose phosphate, tricarboxylic acid and pantothenate pathways. Depleted reduced glutathione and increased production of NADPH suggest reduction in oxidative stress. These data delineate the metabolic changes occurring during improvement of the HCM phenotype and indicate the requirements for further targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Gehmlich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Jeong TY, Kim HY, Kim SD. Multi-generational effects of propranolol on Daphnia magna at different environmental concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 206:188-94. [PMID: 26176633 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of propranolol on Daphnia magna (D. magna), we employed a multi-generational exposure period for eight generations and an environmentally relevant low concentration with 1.5 ng/L, 0.2 μg/L and 26 μg/L to reflect a realistic exposure scenario. Physiological endpoints were checked, including growth, number of neonates, heart rate, frequency of abdominal appendage movement and malformation rate of neonates. In the results, growth and abdominal appendage movement were affected by environmental concentration during several generations, and the responses showed consistent tendencies of response increase with concentration increase. Heart rate was the only endpoint affected throughout all exposure generations. Inhibitory and acceleratory effects on heart rate, growth and abdominal appendage movement suggest that it is necessary to cover sub-lethal endpoints of non-targeted organisms in eco-toxicity study because the physiological responses were detected at much lower concentrations than the results of traditional toxicity tests, including environmental concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, South Korea.
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
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Granville Smith I, Parker G, Rourke P, Cvejic E, Vollmer-Conna U. Acute coronary syndrome and depression: A review of shared pathophysiological pathways. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2015. [PMID: 26219293 DOI: 10.1177/0004867415597304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the evidence for shared pathophysiological pathways in acute coronary syndrome and major depression and to conceptualise the dynamic interplay of biological systems and signalling pathways that link acute coronary syndrome and depression within a framework of neuro-visceral integration. METHODS Relevant articles were sourced via a search of published literature from MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed using a variety of search terms relating to biological connections between acute coronary syndrome and depression. Additional articles from bibliographies of retrieved papers were assessed and included where relevant. RESULTS Despite considerable research efforts, a clear understanding of the biological processes connecting acute coronary syndrome and depression has not been achieved. Shared abnormalities are evident across the immune, platelet/endothelial and autonomic/stress-response systems. From the available evidence, it seems unlikely that a single explanatory model could account for the complex interactions of biological pathways driving the pathophysiology of these disorders and their comorbidity. CONCLUSION A broader conceptual framework of mind-body or neuro-visceral integration that can incorporate the existence of several causative scenarios may be more useful in directing future research and treatment approaches for acute coronary syndrome-associated depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Granville Smith
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gordon Parker
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Poppy Rourke
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Erin Cvejic
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Uté Vollmer-Conna
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mammadova-Bach E, Mangin P, Lanza F, Gachet C. Platelets in cancer. From basic research to therapeutic implications. Hamostaseologie 2015; 35:325-36. [PMID: 26289826 DOI: 10.5482/hamo-14-11-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are well-known for their major role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis. Cancer patients frequently manifest thrombotic events and present abnormalities in blood coagulation which appear to be linked to altered platelet function and turnover. Moreover, numerous studies indicate an intimate cross-talk between platelets and tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastatic dissemination. Finally, several experimental data and clinical trials suggest possible benefits of anti-platelet drugs on some cancers. Here, we will review the current state of basic biological research regarding the role of platelets in cancer progression. We also critically review the possible clinical applicability of some anti-platelet therapies to limit tumor growth and prevent metastatic dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C Gachet
- Christian Gachet, UMR_S949 Inserm, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace (EFS-Alsace), 10 rue Spielmann, B.P. N° 36, 67065 Strasbourg Cedex, France, E-mail:
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Peiper N, Clayton R, Wilson R, Illback R, O'Brien E, Kerber R, Baumgartner R, Hornung C. Empirically derived subtypes of serious emotional disturbance in a large adolescent sample. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:983-94. [PMID: 25652591 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heterogeneity of serious emotional disturbance has been thoroughly documented among adolescents with nationally representative data derived from structured interviews, although use of these interviews may not be feasible within the context of brief and self-administered school surveys. This study seeks to identify distinct subtypes of serious emotional disturbance in a large school-based sample. METHODS A total of 108,736 students fully completed the K6 scale that was included on the 2012 Kentucky Incentives for Prevention Survey. Latent class analysis was used to derive subtypes of serious emotional disturbance among students receiving a positive screen (n = 15,147). To determine significant predictors of class membership, adjusted rate ratios and 95 % confidence intervals were calculated using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS A four-class model was the most parsimonious, with four distinct subtypes emerging that varied by both symptom type and severity: comorbid moderate severity, comorbid high severity, anxious moderate severity, and depressed high severity. Age, gender, race/ethnicity, family structure, substance use, antisocial behavior, role impairments, and peer victimization were significant predictors of class membership, although the magnitude of these effects was stronger for the two high severity groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest heterogeneity of serious emotional disturbance by both symptom type and severity. Prevention programs may benefit by shifting focus from specific disorders to the core features of serious emotional disturbance, including psychological distress, high comorbidity, and role impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Peiper
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,
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Stegner D, Dütting S, Nieswandt B. Mechanistic explanation for platelet contribution to cancer metastasis. Thromb Res 2015; 133 Suppl 2:S149-57. [PMID: 24862136 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(14)50025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated mortality is frequently caused by metastasis, however, our understanding of this process remains incomplete and therapeutic options are limited. Metastasis is a dynamic multi-step process involving intravasation of tumor cells into the host's blood and lymphatic vessels, their dissemination within the circulation, and finally arrest and extravasation in a distant organ where they establish secondary tumors. It is generally conceived that platelets contribute to all steps of hematogenous tumor dissemination. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the platelet receptors involved in tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation, an essential immune surveillance escape mechanism of circulating tumor cells. We discuss how platelets prevent immunological attack, contribute to tumor cell extravasation and thereby facilitate colonization of distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- University of Würzburg Chair of Vascular Medicine University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dütting
- University of Würzburg Chair of Vascular Medicine University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- University of Würzburg Chair of Vascular Medicine University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine Würzburg, Germany.
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Chang Chien CC, Hsin LW, Su MJ. Activation of serotonin 5-HT7 receptor induces coronary flow increase in isolated rat heart. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 748:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Youn J, Hager T, Misane I, Pieneman AW, Jansen RF, Ogren SO, Meyer M, Stiedl O. Central 5-HT1A receptor-mediated modulation of heart rate dynamics and its adjustment by conditioned and unconditioned fear in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:859-70. [PMID: 23902597 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The beat-by-beat fluctuation (dynamics) of heart rate (HR) depends on centrally mediated control of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) reflecting the physiological state of an organism. 5-HT1A receptors are implicated in affective disorders,associated with ANS dysregulation which increases cardiac risk but their role in autonomic HR regulation under physiological conditions is insufficiently characterized. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of subcutaneously administered 5-HT1A receptor ligands on HR dynamics were investigated in C57BL/6 mice during stress-free conditions and emotional challenge (recall of fear conditioned to an auditory stimulus and novelty exposure) using time domain and non-linear HR analyses. KEY RESULTS Pre-training treatment with of 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 mg·kg(-1) , s.c.) prevented conditioned tachycardia in the retention test indicating impaired fear memory. Pretest 5-HT1A receptor activation by 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 but not 0.1 and 0.02 mg·kg(-1) ) caused bradycardia and increased HR variability. 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 mg·kg(-1) ) lowered the unconditioned and conditioned tachycardia from ∼750 to ∼550 bpm, without changing the conditioned HR response to the sound. 8-OH-DPAT induced profound QT prolongation and bradyarrhythmic episodes. Non-linear analysis indicated a pathological state of HR dynamics after 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 mg·kg(-1) ) with ANS hyperactivation impairing HR adaptability. The 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 (0.03 mg·kg(-1) ) blocked these effects of 8-OH-DPAT. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Pre-training 5-HT1A receptor activation by 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 mg·kg(-1) ) impaired memory of conditioned auditory fear based on an attenuated HR increase, whereas pretest administration did not prevent the fear-conditioned HR increase but induced pathological HR dynamics through central ANS dysregulation with cardiac effects similar to acute SSRI overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun Youn
- Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Yulia Z, Diana N, Anna S, Michael U. Brain as an endocrine source of circulating 5-hydroxytryptamine in ontogenesis in rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 393:92-8. [PMID: 24952115 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to test the authors' hypothesis stating that the developing brain before the closure of the blood brain barrier (BBB) operates as an endocrine organ that secretes classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides into the general circulation. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was selected as a marker of brain endocrine activity though it is also secreted by peripheral organs. 5-HT was detected in blood of rats in a biologically active concentration at any studied age, from the 21st embryonic day till the 30th postnatal day. The brain was proven to be a source of circulating 5-HT before the BBB closure by showing that the 5-HT concentration in blood decreased significantly after the inhibition of 5-HT synthesis in the brain of neonates. The 5-HT concentration in blood was not diminished after the BBB closure, apparently due to compensatory increase of 5-HT secretion by peripheral sources. Thus, brain-derived 5-HT is delivered to the general circulation before the BBB closure being potentially capable of providing endocrine regulation of target organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubova Yulia
- Laboratory of Neural and Neuroendocrine Regulations, Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nasyrova Diana
- Laboratory of Neural and Neuroendocrine Regulations, Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sapronova Anna
- Laboratory of Neural and Neuroendocrine Regulations, Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ugrumov Michael
- Laboratory of Neural and Neuroendocrine Regulations, Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov str., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
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Pavone LM, Norris RA. Distinct signaling pathways activated by "extracellular" and "intracellular" serotonin in heart valve development and disease. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:819-28. [PMID: 23605455 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9606-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac valve diseases are often due to developmental anomalies that progressively lead to the abnormal distribution and organization of extracellular matrix proteins overtime. Whereas mechanisms underlying adult valvulopathies are unknown, previous work has shown a critical involvement of the monoamine serotonin in disease pathogenesis. In particular, the interaction of serotonin with its receptors can activate transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling, which in turn promotes extracellular matrix gene expression. Elevated levels of circulating serotonin can lead to aberrant TGF-β1 signaling with significant effects on cardiac valve structure and function. Additional functions of serotonin have recently been reported in which internalization of serotonin, through the serotonin transporter SERT, can exert important cytoskeletal functions in lieu of simply being degraded. Recent findings demonstrate that intracellular serotonin regulates cardiac valve remodeling, and perturbation of this pathway can also lead to heart valve defects. Thus, both extracellular and intracellular mechanisms of serotonin action appear to be operative in heart valve development, functionality, and disease. This review summarizes some of the salient aspects of serotonin activity during cardiac valve development and disease pathogenesis with an understanding that further elaboration of intracellular and extracellular serotonin pathways may lead to beneficial treatments for heart valve disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy,
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Impact of escitalopram on vagally mediated cardiovascular function in healthy participants: implications for understanding differential age-related, treatment emergent effects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:2281-90. [PMID: 24337078 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Black box warnings for young adults under the age of 25 years indicate that antidepressants may increase risk of suicide. While underlying mechanisms for age-related treatment effects remain unclear, vagally mediated cardiovascular function may play a key role. Decreased heart rate (HR) and an increase in its variability (HRV) improve one's capacity to adapt to environmental stress and attenuate risk for suicide. OBJECTIVES Using a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, experimental study, we examine whether a single dose of escitalopram (20 mg) attenuates cardiovascular responses to stress under experimental conditions and determine whether age moderates these effects. METHODS Forty-four healthy females received a single dose of escitalopram (20 mg) and placebo treatment separated by a 1-week interval (>5 half-lives). HR and high frequency HRV (HF HRV normalized units; 0.15-0.40 Hz) were measured during resting state and stress. RESULTS While escitalopram attenuated the increase in HR and increased HF HRV, these moderate to large effects were only significant in participants over 25 years of age. No beneficial cardiovascular effects of escitalopram were observed in those under the age of 25. CONCLUSIONS Maturational differences in the development of the prefrontal cortex--a critical region in the central network of autonomic control--may underpin these differential findings. This study provides a theoretical framework on which future research on treatment-emergent suicidality in clinical populations could be based.
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García-Pedraza JÁ, García M, Martín ML, San Román L, Morán A. The role of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor and cyclooxygenase pathways in the inhibitory serotonergic response to the pressor effect elicited by sympathetic stimulation in chronic sarpogrelate treated rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 731:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wright L, Simpson W, Van Lieshout RJ, Steiner M. Depression and cardiovascular disease in women: is there a common immunological basis? A theoretical synthesis. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 8:56-69. [DOI: 10.1177/1753944714521671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have established an inherent comorbidity between depression and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, this comorbidity seems to be more amplified in women than in men. To further investigate this comorbidity, a thorough literature review was conducted on studies from 1992 to date. The PubMed database was accessed using the keywords: cardiovascular disease, inflammation, depression, and sex differences. Both human and animal studies were considered. This review takes the standpoint that depression and CVD are both inflammatory disorders, and that their co-occurrence may be related to how the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, serotonergic transmission and circulation, and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system via angiotensin II are affected by the excess secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. More recently, preliminary research attributes this systemic inflammation to a global deficiency in CD4+CD25+FOXP3 regulatory T cells. 17-β estradiol and progesterone mediated modulation of cytokine secretion may partially explain the sex differences observed. These hormones and reproductive events associated with hormonal fluctuations are discussed in depth, including the analysis of perinatal models of depression and CVD, including preeclampsia. However, as evidenced by this review, there is a need for mechanistic research in humans to truly understand the nature and directionality of the relationship between depression and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Wright
- MiNDS Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Canada and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - William Simpson
- MiNDS Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Canada and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan J. Van Lieshout
- MiNDS Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Canada and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Meir Steiner
- MiNDS Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare, 301 James Street South, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8P 3B6
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Kim TE, Kim JR, Jung JA, Kim MJ, Lee SY, Ko JW, Jung WT, Choi YW, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Huh W. Pharmacokinetics of a new once-daily controlled-release sarpogrelate hydrochloride compared with immediate-release formulation and the effect of food. J Clin Pharm Ther 2013; 39:192-5. [PMID: 24325365 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Sarpogrelate is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype 2A antagonist that inhibits platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of a sarpogrelate controlled-release formulation (CR) with those of the immediate-release formulation (IR). The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of CR sarpogrelate was also evaluated. METHODS A randomized, open-label, 3-period, 3-treatment crossover study was conducted in 50 healthy male subjects. Subjects were allocated into one of six sequence groups. In one period, a 100-mg IR formulation was administered three times at 6-h intervals, and in the other two periods, a 300-mg CR formulation was administered once to fasting and once to fed subjects. Each period was separated by a 7-day washout period. Serial blood samples were collected up to 24 h after the first drug administration in each period. The plasma concentrations of sarpogrelate were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental methods. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION After the administration of the IR formulation, the plasma concentration reached a peak at 0·48 h and the drug was eliminated with a half-life (t1/2 ) of 0·7 h. After administration of the CR formulation, the plasma concentration reached a peak at 0·5 h and the drug was eliminated with a t1/2 of 3·23 h. The geometric mean ratios (CR/IR) for sarpogrelate area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax) were 1·2040 (90% confidence interval (CI): 1·0992-1·3188) and 0·9462 (90% CI: 0·8504-1·0529). When CR was administered to fed subjects, the time to peak concentration was prolonged to 3·97 h and t1/2 was shortened to 1·45 h. The geometric mean ratios (fasting/fed) for sarpogrelate AUC and Cmax were 0·8573 (90% CI: 0·7687-0·9561) and 0·6452 (90% CI: 0·5671-0·7341). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION After the administration of CR and IR formulations of the same daily dose of sarpogrelate hydrochloride, the overall systemic exposure was slightly higher for the CR than for the IR formulation, whereas peak concentration was comparable between the two formulations. Food reduced the bioavailability of sarpogrelate CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-E Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Yildirim BO, Derksen JJ. Systematic review, structural analysis, and new theoretical perspectives on the role of serotonin and associated genes in the etiology of psychopathy and sociopathy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:1254-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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