1
|
Ferreira Lemos MC, Koifman RJ, Quadros E, Pinheiro RDN, Ortiz Junior JC, Rodrigues de Oliveira GN, Ferreira da Silva I. The environmental monitoring of air pollution in the Santa Cruz industrial district of Rio de Janeiro using a plant fertility model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120653. [PMID: 36400137 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In 2010, a steel company was established in Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro. In 2012, silver rain raised concerns about human and environmental impacts. In 2013, the steel company signed an Adjustment of Conduct Term (ACT). To evaluate air pollution in the vicinity of the steel company based on a plant fertility assay before and after ACT implementation. A pollen abortion assay was implemented using flower buds of Bauhinia forficata in 2013 and Delonix regia in 2015. Sites over 5 km from the steel company, highways, and tunnels were classified as unexposed; sites 5 km from highway/tunnel were classified as exposed to other sources; and sites 5 km from the steel company were classified as exposed. Random plant collection occurred during the dry and rainy seasons (10 buds/site and 300 cells/slide). Aborted grains were analyzed using a 400-fold magnification microscope. Statistical analyses were considered significant at the 5% level. In 2013 were collected flower buds in 27 sites (2 unexposed, 18 highway/tunnel-exposed, and 7 steel company-exposed); and 34 sites in 2015 (14 unexposed, 18highway/tunnel-exposed, and 2 steel company-exposed). In both years, the mean pollen abortion was significantly higher in the dry season for sites exposed to highway/tunnel (p < 0.001) and the steel company (p = 0.005). In 2013, the mean pollen abortion was significantly higher in sites exposed to highway/tunnel compared to unexposed sites (p = 0.004) and in sites exposed to the steel company compared to sites exposed to highway/tunnel (p = 0.034). In 2015, compared to unexposed sites, the mean pollen abortion was significantly higher in sites exposed to highway/tunnel (p = 0.014) and the steel company (p < 0.001). Overall, compared to unexposed sites, the mean pollen abortion was 5.79-fold higher in sites exposed to the steel company and 4.08-fold higher in sites exposed to highway/tunnel. Compared to unexposed plants, greater air pollution effects occurred in plants exposed to the steel company before (2013) and after (2015)ACT implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Ferreira Lemos
- Graduate Program of Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Superintendence of Health Surveillance, Municipal Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Graduate Program of Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Evanelza Quadros
- Superintendence of Health Surveillance, Municipal Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ilce Ferreira da Silva
- Graduate Program of Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pollution of the Environment and Pollen: A Review. STRESSES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses2040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bioindication of the environment is one of the actively developing directions of ecology. Information about pollutants and the level of environmental pollution can be obtained as a result of studying the biological reaction of plants to pollution. Ecological palynology is a new direction, when pollen of various woody and herbaceous species is used for bioindication of the level of environmental pollution and the presence of mutagens. The review considers the morphological variability of pollen, its fertility and viability under the influence of pollutants, the possibility of its use as a bioindicator of pollution of urban areas by emissions of vehicle transport and industry.
Collapse
|
3
|
Screening of cytotoxic and genotoxic potency of two pesticides (malathion and cypermethrin) on Allium cepa L. Mol Cell Toxicol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
4
|
Pogányova A, Mičieta K, Dušička J. Genotoxic assessment of selected native plants to deferentially exposed urban ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9055-9064. [PMID: 30719668 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to provide an analysis of the impact of ecogenotoxicity on native flora abortivity in various urban areas. In which, there was an analysis of 5 groupings of locations with a differing environmental load intensity within the city of Bratislava (Slovakia) over a 2-year period. Our results show varying data depending on the proximity of each site relating to a direct source of pollution and the potential impact of localized wind currents on the distribution of pollutants in the urban environment. The highest value of pollen abortivity in the city was observed in a group of locations exposed to heavy traffic pollution loads. Abortivity of native flora near heavy traffic road areas correlated with the imissions data measured in the same area. Wind-exposed uncovered sites also experienced higher values of native flora abortivity. These results confirmed the varying intensity of genotoxic impact in differing localities and also suggest that xenobiotic effects on flora can occur remotely from the original source of pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pogányova
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, 059 56, Tatranská Javorina, Slovakia.
| | - Karol Mičieta
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Révova 39, 811 02, Bratislava 1, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Dušička
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Révova 39, 811 02, Bratislava 1, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jaconis SY, Culley TM, Meier AM. Does particulate matter along roadsides interfere with plant reproduction? A comparison of effects of different road types on Cichorium intybus pollen deposition and germination. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:261-266. [PMID: 28089212 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The roadside habitat can be challenging for plants, which must maintain normal biological processes despite an influx of airborne pollutants. While the effects of many gases on plants have been quantified, the impacts of particulate pollutants have been relatively less studied. This is especially true of field experiments where particle dispersion may be influenced by meteorology and roadway use. We examined chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) along roadsides in the Cincinnati, Ohio metropolitan area to assess particulate influence on plant pollination through stigmatic clogging. We compared flowers collected from plants situated along interstates, U.S. highways, state highways, and county roads as these different road-types vary in motor vehicle usage and thus should have varying levels of particulate deposition on flowers. We examined floral stigmas for total particulates, total pollen, and percentage of pollen tube germination to determine whether particulates may interfere with early reproductive processes. Our results suggest that there was minimal variation of particulate matter found on chicory stigmas among road-types. Furthermore, the deposition of particulates on stigmas based on road-type did not show a strong link to variation in pollen deposition and pollen germination. There was also no significant relationship between total particulate levels and pollen germination rates across all road types. Future studies should investigate other plant species that may be more sensitive to roadside pollution, such as economically important crops. Locations in which vehicle use is increasing and where pollutants are not regulated strictly should also be examined as the effects of airborne particulates in early plant reproduction would be expected to be more substantial in these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Y Jaconis
- Department of Biological Sciences, McMicken College of Arts and Sciences, 614 Rieveschl Hall, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0006, USA.
| | - Theresa M Culley
- Department of Biological Sciences, McMicken College of Arts and Sciences, 614 Rieveschl Hall, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0006, USA.
| | - Alexandra M Meier
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Carvalho-Oliveira R, Amato-Lourenço LF, Moreira TCL, Silva DRR, Vieira BD, Mauad T, Saiki M, Saldiva PHN. Effectiveness of traffic-related elements in tree bark and pollen abortion rates for assessing air pollution exposure on respiratory mortality rates. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 99:161-169. [PMID: 27866722 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The majority of epidemiological studies correlate the cardiorespiratory effects of air pollution exposure by considering the concentrations of pollutants measured from conventional monitoring networks. The conventional air quality monitoring methods are expensive, and their data are insufficient for providing good spatial resolution. We hypothesized that bioassays using plants could effectively determine pollutant gradients, thus helping to assess the risks associated with air pollution exposure. The study regions were determined from different prevalent respiratory death distributions in the Sao Paulo municipality. Samples of tree flower buds were collected from twelve sites in four regional districts. The genotoxic effects caused by air pollution were tested through a pollen abortion bioassay. Elements derived from vehicular traffic that accumulated in tree barks were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). Mortality data were collected from the mortality information program of Sao Paulo City. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the concentrations of elements accumulated in tree barks. Pearson correlation and exponential regression were performed considering the elements, pollen abortion rates and mortality data. PCA identified five factors, of which four represented elements related to vehicular traffic. The elements Al, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn showed a strong correlation with mortality rates (R2>0.87) and pollen abortion rates (R2>0.82). These results demonstrate that tree barks and pollen abortion rates allow for correlations between vehicular traffic emissions and associated outcomes such as genotoxic effects and mortality data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luís F Amato-Lourenço
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiana C L Moreira
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas R Rocha Silva
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna D Vieira
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mitiko Saiki
- National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo H Nascimento Saldiva
- School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pereira BB, da Cunha PB, Silva GG, de Campos Júnior EO, Morelli S, Filho CAV, de Lima EAP, Barrozo MAS. Integrated monitoring for environmental health impact assessment related to the genotoxic effects of vehicular pollution in Uberlândia, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2572-2577. [PMID: 27826826 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of parameters to explore the link between air-related diseases and their significant driving forces is an important aim in terms of national economics and public health. In this study, we did an integrated analysis involving multiple environmental health indicators from Uberlândia, Brazil, registered before and during a period when the Brazilian government reduced taxes on new cars in a bid to bolster local manufacturing. In addition, the present study utilized Driving Force-Pressure-State-Exposure-Effect-Action (DPSEEA) frameworks to evaluate correlations in environmental health indicators over 10 years (2004-2013), in which the Brazilian government reduced vehicle production taxes beginning in 2008. Significant correlations in all indicators selected were found from 2008 to 2013, corresponding to the tax reduction on new vehicles. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) was significantly higher in the city center compared to the reference site, with the highest MN levels observed during the period of reduced taxes. Results reinforced the need to adopt air quality monitoring programs in major cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Department of Environmental Health, Laboratory of Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.408-100, Brazil.
| | - Paolla Brandão da Cunha
- Department of Environmental Health, Laboratory of Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.408-100, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Gomes Silva
- Department of Environmental Health, Laboratory of Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.408-100, Brazil
| | - Edimar Olegário de Campos Júnior
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, Federal University of Uberlândia, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará, 1720, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.400-902, Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, Federal University of Uberlândia, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará, 1720, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.400-902, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Alves Vieira Filho
- Science and Technology Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.408-100, Brazil
| | - Euclides Antônio Pereira de Lima
- Science and Technology Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.408-100, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Souza Barrozo
- Science and Technology Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38.408-100, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
da Silveira Fleck A, Carneiro MFH, Barbosa F, Thiesen FV, Amantea SL, Rhoden CR. Monitoring an outdoor smoking area by means of PM 2.5 measurement and vegetal biomonitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:21187-21194. [PMID: 26662301 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The extension of pollutant accumulation in plant leaves associated with its genotoxicity is a common approach to predict the quality of outdoor environments. However, this approach has not been used to evaluate the environmental quality of outdoor smoking areas. This study aims to evaluate the effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) by assessing particulate matter 2.5 μm (PM2.5) levels, the pollen abortion assay, and trace elements accumulated in plant leaves in an outdoor smoking area of a hospital. For this, PM2.5 was measured by active monitoring with a real time aerosol monitor for 10 days. Eugenia uniflora trees were used for pollen abortion and accumulated element assays. Accumulated elements were also assessed in Tradescantia pallida leaves. The median concentration of PM2.5 in the smoking area in all days of monitoring was 66 versus 34 μg/m3 in the control area (P < 0.001). In addition, the elements Al, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, and V in Tradescantia pallida and Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Pb, and Zn in Eugenia uniflora were in higher concentration in the smoking area when compared to control area. Smoking area also showed higher rate of aborted grains (26.1 ± 10.7 %) compared with control (17.6 ± 4.5 %) (P = 0.003). Under the study conditions, vegetal biomonitoring proved to be an effective tool for assessing ETS exposure in outdoor areas. Therefore, vegetal biomonitoring of ETS could be a complement to conventional analyses and also proved to be a cheap and easy-handling tool to assess the risk of ETS exposure in outdoor areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan da Silveira Fleck
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Poluição Atmosférica, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Prédio 3, CEP: 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia Valladão Thiesen
- Instituto de Toxicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sergio Luis Amantea
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Poluição Atmosférica, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Prédio 3, CEP: 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Instituto de Educação e Pesquisa (IEP)-Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ramos Rhoden
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Poluição Atmosférica, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Prédio 3, CEP: 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mišík M, Kundi M, Pichler C, Filipic M, Rainer B, Mišíková K, Nersesyan A, Knasmueller S. Impact of common cytostatic drugs on pollen fertility in higher plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:14730-14738. [PMID: 25779110 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytostatic drugs are among the most toxic chemicals which are produced. Many of them cause damage of the genetic material which may affect the fertility of higher organisms. To study the impact of the widely used anticancer drugs [cisplatin (CisPt), etoposide (Et), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] on the reproduction of higher plants, pollen abortion experiments were conducted with species which belong to major plant families, namely with Tradescantia paludosa (Commelinaceae), Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae), Chelidonium majus (Papaveraceae), and Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alismataceae). All compounds increased the frequencies of abortive grains. The lowest effective doses were in general in a narrow range (i.e., 1 and 10 mg/kg of dry soil). The effects of the individual drugs were similar in T. paludosa, A. plantago-aquatica, and Ch. majus, while A. thaliana was consistently less sensitive. The highest abortion rate was obtained in most experiments with CisPt, followed by 5-FU and Et. Comparisons of the doses which caused effects in the present experiments in the different species with the predicted environment concentrations and with the levels of the cytostatics which were detected in hospital wastewaters show that the realistic environmental concentrations of the drugs are 4-6 orders of magnitude lower. Therefore, it is unlikely that these drugs affect the fertility of higher plants in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Mišík
- Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Institute of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Center for Public Health, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Pichler
- Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Bernhard Rainer
- Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katarina Mišíková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Özkara A, Akyıl D, Eren Y, Erdoğmuş SF. Potential cytotoxic effect of Anilofos by using Allium cepa assay. Cytotechnology 2015; 67:783-91. [PMID: 24838422 PMCID: PMC4545445 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic effects of Anilofos which was widely used in agriculture, was evaluated in Allium cepa root meristematic cells. In the Allium root growth inhibition test EC50 value was determined 50 ppm and 1/2× EC50 (25 ppm), EC50 (50 ppm) and 2 × EC50 (100 ppm) concentrations of Anilofos were applied to onion roots. A negative and positive control were used in the experiment in parallel. According to results mitotic index decreased with increasing the Anilofos concentrations in all application groups and each exposure time, while disturbed anaphase-telophase, choromosome laggard(s), stickiness and anaphase bridge(s) were observed. In anaphase-telophase cells, c-metaphase, disturbed nucleus and binuclear cells were observed in other anomalies. The results were also analyzed statistically by using Dunnett t test (2-tailed) and all concentrations of Anilofos were found significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Özkara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Özkara A, Akyıl D, Eren Y, Erdoğmuş SF, Konuk M, Sağlam E. Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of pyracarbolid by Allium test and micronucleus assay. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 38:337-41. [PMID: 25275653 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2014.966831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of pyracarbolid using both micronuleus (MN) assay, in human lymphocytes, and Allium cepa assay, in the root meristem cells. In Allium test, EC50 value was determined in order to selecting the test concentrations for the assay and the root tips were treated with 25 ppm (EC50/2), 50 ppm (EC50) and 100 ppm (EC50 × 2) concentrations of pyracarbolid. One percent of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. In the micronucleus assay, the cultures were treated with four concentrations (250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/ml) of pyracarbolid for 24 and 48 h, negative and positive controls were also used in the experiment parallely. The results showed that mitotic index (MI) significantly reduced with increasing the pyracarbolid concentration at each exposure time. It was also obtained that prophase and metaphase index decreased significantly in all concentration at each exposure time. Anaphase index decreased as well and results were found to be statistically significant, except 24 h. A significant increase was observed in MN frequency in all concentrations and both treatment periods when compared with the controls. Pyracarbolid also caused a significant reduction in the cytokinesis block proliferation index (CBPI) in all concentration and both exposure time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Özkara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Afyon Kocatepe University , Afyonkarahisar , Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
A comparison of the human buccal cell assay and the pollen abortion assay in assessing genotoxicity in an urban-rural gradient. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:8825-38. [PMID: 25166920 PMCID: PMC4198993 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110908825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is exacerbated near heavy traffic roads in cities. Air pollution concentration and composition vary by region and depend on urban-rural gradients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of air pollution in areas of varying population densities and to compare plant biomonitoring with an established biomarker of human exposure to traffic-related air pollution in children. The areas of study were selected near a major street in 3 different regions. Areas A, B and C represent high, intermediate and low population densities, respectively. Micronucleus assay, an established biomarker of human exposure, was performed in children from these areas. For a plant biomonitoring assay, the pollen abortion assay was performed on Bauhinia variegata in these areas. NO2 and O3 concentrations were determined by passive sampling. We report here that the pollen abortion frequency in Bauhinia variegata is correlated with NO2 concentration (P = 0.004) and is strongly associated with vehicular flow and population density in the studied areas. Micronuclei frequency in buccal cells of children was higher in the regions with more degree of urbanization (P < 0.001) following the same pattern of O3 concentrations (P = 0.030). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that high concentrations of air pollutants in Porto Alegre are related to both human and plant genotoxicity. Areas with different concentration of pollutants demonstrated to have an urbanization gradient dependent pattern which also reflected on genotoxic damage among these areas.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pereira BB, de Campos EO, de Lima EAP, Barrozo MAS, Morelli S. Biomonitoring air quality during and after a public transportation strike in the center of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil by Tradescantia micronucleus bioassay. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:3680-3685. [PMID: 24277431 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to address the lack of information concerning the air quality in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this study, we conducted an unprecedented experiment involving the in situ biomonitoring of air genotoxicity in the city center during and after a public transportation strike using the Tradescantia micronucleus test. The frequency of micronuclei was significantly higher in the city center compared with the reference site (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.05), with the highest MN levels being observed during public transport stoppage (Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn p < 0.01). In addition, the multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the low circulation of buses during public transport stoppage and the increase in the concentration of particulate matter from the increased flow of vehicles in the city center during the strike positively influenced the MN frequency. The climatic factors did not change during the biomonitoring period, reflecting the fact that climatic factors did not influence the MN frequency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Department of Environmental Health, Laboratory of Vigilance in Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlandia, Santa Monica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38.400-902, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pereira BB, Campos Júnior EOD, Morelli S. In situ biomonitoring of the genotoxic effects of vehicular pollution in Uberlândia, Brazil, using a Tradescantia micronucleus assay. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 87:17-22. [PMID: 23116623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The growing number of cars in large cities is directly linked to changes in the chemical composition of urban air, which has increasingly high concentrations of potentially genotoxic chemicals. Therefore, discovering and monitoring the risks associated with exposure to atmospheric pollutants is indispensible for preventing environmental and health problems. Because of the lack of reliable data regarding the air quality in the city of Uberlândia, the present study sought to test whether the genotoxic risks in areas with different levels of vehicular traffic can be measured using the Tradescantia micronucleus assay (Trad-MN). Therefore, more than twenty inflorescences were exposed to locations with different amounts of vehicular traffic twice per year from the winter of 2006 to the summer of 2011. The inflorescences were then analysed to determine the micronucleus (MN) frequency. In addition, we sought to determine the influence of factors linked to city climate on the MN frequencies obtained at each monitored location. Our results show that, although low relative humidity positively influenced MN formation in Tradescantia pallida tetrads, the major determining factor for clastogenic events was the level of vehicular traffic at the locations monitored over the five-year study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará 1720, 38.400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Misík M, Ma TH, Nersesyan A, Monarca S, Kim JK, Knasmueller S. Micronucleus assays with Tradescantia pollen tetrads: an update. Mutagenesis 2011; 26:215-21. [PMID: 21164205 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geq080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronucleus (MN) assays with early pollen tetrad cells of Tradescantia (Trad-MN assays) are at present the most widely used bioassays with plants for the detection of genotoxins in the environment. So far, ∼ 160 chemicals have been tested and ∼ 100 articles that concern complex environmental mixtures were published. This article summarises the results of Trad-MN studies, which have been carried out during the last 15 years with individual compounds and investigations concerning the pollution of environmental compartments (soil, water and air). The evaluation shows that the effects of certain genotoxins such as heavy metals, radionuclides, pesticides and air pollutants can be easily detected with this test. Comparisons with results obtained in MN studies with mitotic (root tip) cells indicate that meiotic tetrad cells are in general more sensitive. Important issues for future research concern the evaluation of the suitability of wildlife Tradescantia species that are sometimes used instead of specific clones (such as #4430 for which standardised protocols have been developed) as well as the assessment of the predictive value of Trad-MN results in regard to the prediction of cancer hazards in humans and adverse effects at the ecosystem level. The fact that the genotoxic effects of certain compound such as metals, which can be detected with plant bioassays, in particular with the Trad-MN assay but not in other commonly used bioassays (e.g. in bacterial tests) makes them an essential element in the batteries for environmental monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Misík
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fagundes Soares Garcia AC, Marcon AE, Ferreira DDM, Barbosa dos Santos EA, do Amaral VS, Medeiros SRBD. Micronucleus study of the quality and mutagenicity of surface water from a semi-arid region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:3329-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c1em10582e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Liman R, Akyil D, Eren Y, Konuk M. Testing of the mutagenicity and genotoxicity of metolcarb by using both Ames/Salmonella and Allium test. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 80:1056-1061. [PMID: 20605189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mutagenic and genotoxic effects of metolcarb were investigated by both bacterial reverse mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 strains with or without metabolic activation system (S9) and Allium cepa root meristematic cells, respectively. Metolcarb was dissolved in DMSO in Ames/Salmonella test system. 0.1, 1 and 10 microg/plate doses of metolcarb were found to be mutagenic S. typhimurium TA98 without S9. In Allium root growth inhibition test, EC50 value was determined 200 ppm and 0.5xEC50, EC50 and 2xEC50 concentrations of metolcarb were introduced to onion tuber roots and distilled water used as a negative control. Mitotic index (MI), increased in all concentrations compared to control at each exposure time. While disturbed anaphase-telophase, chromosome laggards, stickiness and bridges were observed in anaphase-telophase cells, pro-metaphase, C-mitosis, polyploidy, binuclear cells and disturbed nucleus were observed in other cells. The results were also analyzed statistically by using SPSS for Windows, Mann-Whitney test and Duncan's multiple range tests were performed respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Recep Liman
- Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Science and Literatures, Biology Department, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meireles J, Rocha R, Neto AC, Cerqueira E. Genotoxic effects of vehicle traffic pollution as evaluated by micronuclei test in tradescantia (Trad-MCN). MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 675:46-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Revised: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
19
|
Prajapati SK, Tripathi BD. Assessing the genotoxicity of urban air pollutants in Varanasi City using Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) bioassay. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2008; 34:1092-1096. [PMID: 18455797 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 03/13/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present study Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) bioassay was performed to assess the genotoxicity of air pollutants in Varanasi City. The experiment was performed during October 2006 to April 2007. For Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) bioassay four sites were selected, three in the city having different traffic characteristics and one control site virtually free from traffic intervention. Twenty young Tradescantia pallida inflorescences were collected from each sampling site during the study period and micronuclei frequencies were determined in early tetrads of pollen mother cells and expressed as MCN/100 tetrads. During the same period the concentration of different air pollutants were also measured. Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) bioassay showed that the plants kept in areas having higher traffic emissions evidence higher micronuclei frequencies than samples kept at control site. The study indicates that in situ biomonitoring using higher plants may be useful for characterizing genotoxic air pollutants in areas even without any sophisticated instrument.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Prajapati
- Pollution Ecology Research Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Misík M, Micieta K, Solenská M, Misíková K, Pisarcíková H, Knasmüller S. In situ biomonitoring of the genotoxic effects of mixed industrial emissions using the Tradescantia micronucleus and pollen abortion tests with wild life plants: demonstration of the efficacy of emission controls in an eastern European city. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 145:459-66. [PMID: 16815607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Revised: 04/24/2006] [Accepted: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the study was to monitor changes of genotoxic activity of urban air caused by an incinerator and a petrochemical plant in Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) and pollen fertility assays with wild plants (Chelidonium majus, Clematis vitalba, Cichorium intybus, Linaria vulgaris, Robinia pseudoacacia). While in the first sampling period (1997-2000) significantly (on average 80%) more MN were found at the polluted site in comparison to controls from a rural area, no significant effects were observed during a later period (between 2003 and 2005). A similar pattern was observed in the pollen abortion assays in which the most pronounced effects were found in chicory and false acacia. The differences of the results obtained in the two periods can be explained by a substantial reduction of air pollution by use of new technologies. In particular the decrease of SO(2) emissions may account for the effects seen in the present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Misík
- Department of Botany, Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Révová 39, SK 811 02 Bratislava 1, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|