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Mpody C, Patel AB, Smoyer WE, Tobias JD, Nafiu OO. Metabolomic profiling of pediatric post-tonsillectomy pain: A proof-of-concept study. Paediatr Anaesth 2024; 34:610-618. [PMID: 38466029 DOI: 10.1111/pan.14876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tonsillectomies are among the most common surgical procedures in children, with over 500 000 cases annually in the United States. Despite universal administration of intraoperative opioid analgesia, three out of five children undergoing tonsillectomy report moderate-to-severe pain upon recovering from anesthesia. The underlying molecular mechanisms of post-tonsillectomy pain are not well understood, limiting the development of targeted treatment strategies. Our study aimed to identify candidate serum metabolites associated with varying severity of post-tonsillectomy pain. METHODS Venous blood samples and pain scores were obtained from 34 children undergoing tonsillectomy ± adenoidectomy, and metabolomic analysis was performed. Supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis were employed to identify differentially expressed metabolites between children with severe and mild pain, as well as between moderate and mild pain. RESULTS Pain scores differentiated children as mild (n = 6), moderate (n = 14), or severe (n = 14). Four metabolites (fatty acid 18:0(OH), thyroxine, phosphatidylcholine 38:5, and branched fatty acids C27H54O3) were identified as candidate biomarkers that differentiated severe vs. mild post-tonsillectomy pain, the combination of which yielded an AUC of 0.91. Similarly, four metabolites (sebacic acid, dicarboxylic acids C18H34O4, hydroxy fatty acids C18H34O3, and myristoleic acid) were identified as candidate biomarkers that differentiated moderate vs. mild post-tonsillectomy pain, with AUC values ranging from 0.85 to 0.95. CONCLUSION This study identified novel candidate biomarker panels that effectively differentiated varying severity of post-tonsillectomy pain. Further research is needed to validate these data and to explore their clinical implications for personalized pain management in children undergoing painful surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mpody
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ambrish B Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - William E Smoyer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph D Tobias
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Olubukola O Nafiu
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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2
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Wang Z, Xie Z, Zhang Z, Zhou W, Guo B, Li M. Multi-platform omics sequencing dissects the atlas of plasma-derived exosomes in rats with or without depression-like behavior after traumatic spinal cord injury. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110987. [PMID: 38438071 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes can penetrate the blood-brain barrier for material exchange between the peripheral and central nervous systems. Differences in exosome contents could explain the susceptibility of different individuals to depression-like behavior after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). METHODS Hierarchical clustering was used to integrate multiple depression-related behavioral outcomes in sham and TSCI rats and ultimately identify non-depressed and depressed rats. The difference in plasma exosome contents between non-depressed and depressed rats after TSCI was assessed in 15 random subjects by performing plasma exosome transcriptomics, mass spectroscope-based proteomics, and non-targeted metabolomics analyses. RESULTS The results revealed that about 27.6% of the rats developed depression-like behavior after TSCI. Totally, 10 differential metabolites, 81 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 373 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 55 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified between non-depressed TSCI and sham rats. Meanwhile, 37 differential metabolites, 499 DEPs, 1361 DEGs, and 89 DEmiRNAs were identified between depressed and non-depressed TSCI rats. Enrichment analysis showed that the progression of depression-like behavior after TSCI may be related to amino acid metabolism disorder and dysfunction of multiple signaling pathways, including endocytosis, lipid and atherosclerosis, toll-like receptor, TNF, and PI3K-Akt pathway. CONCLUSION Overall, our study systematically revealed for the first time the differences in plasma exosome contents between non-depressed and depressed rats after TSCI, which will help broaden our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms involved in brain functional recombination after TSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China.
| | - Zhiping Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Boyu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Wang Y, Balvers MGJ, Esser D, Schutte S, Vincken JP, Afman LA, Witkamp RF, Meijerink J. Nutrient composition of different energy-restricted diets determines plasma endocannabinoid profiles and adipose tissue DAGL-α expression; a 12-week randomized controlled trial in subjects with abdominal obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 128:109605. [PMID: 38401691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is dysregulated during obesity and metabolic disorders. Weight loss favours the re-establishment of ECS homeostatic conditions, but also the fatty acid composition of the diet can modulate endocannabinoid profiles. However, the combined impact of nutrient quality and energy restriction on the ECS remains unclear. In this 12 weeks randomized controlled trial, men and women (40-70 years) with obesity (BMI: 31.3 ± 3.5 kg/ m2) followed either a low nutrient quality 25% energy-restricted (ER) diet (n=39) high in saturated fats and fructose, or a high nutrient quality ER diet (n=34) amongst others enriched in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or kept their habitual diet (controls). Profiles of plasma- and adipose N-acylethanolamines and mono-acyl glycerol esters were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Gene expression of ECS-related enzymes and receptors was determined in adipose tissue. Measurements were performed under fasting conditions before and after 12 weeks. Our results showed that plasma level of the DHA-derived compound docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA) was decreased in the low nutrient quality ER diet (P<0.001) compared with the high nutrient quality ER diet, whereas anandamide (AEA) and arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels were unaltered. However, adipose tissue gene expression of the 2-AG synthesizing enzyme diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGL-α) was increased following the low nutrient quality ER diet (P<.009) and differed upon intervention with both other diets. Concluding, nutrient quality of the diet affects N-acylethanolamine profiles and gene expression of ECS-related enzymes and receptors even under conditions of high energy restriction in abdominally obese humans. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02194504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; The Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel G J Balvers
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik Esser
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Schutte
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- The Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lydia A Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renger F Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jocelijn Meijerink
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Pei Q, Zhao Q, Lang C, Feng S, Meng J, Tan G, Cui W, Zhang C, Luo X, Xu L, Chen J. Alleviating Severe Cytoskeletal Destruction of Spinal Motor Neurons: Another Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Spinal Cord Injury. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1456-1468. [PMID: 38472087 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment remains a major challenge. Spinal motor neurons (MNs) are seriously injured in the early stage after SCI, but this has not received sufficient attention. Oxidative stress is known to play a crucial role in SCI pathology. Our studies demonstrated that oxidative stress can cause severe damage to the cytoskeleton of spinal MNs. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to have beneficial effects on SCI, but the mechanism remains unclear, and no study has investigated the effect of DHA on oxidative stress-induced spinal MN injury. Here, we investigated the effect of DHA on spinal MN injury through in vivo and in vitro experiments, focusing on the cytoskeleton. We found that DHA not only promoted spinal MN survival but, more importantly, alleviated the severe cytoskeletal destruction of these neurons induced by oxidative stress in vitro and in mice with SCI in vivo. In addition, the mechanisms involved were investigated and elucidated. These results not only suggested a beneficial role of DHA in spinal MN cytoskeletal destruction caused by oxidative stress and SCI but also indicated the important role of the spinal MN cytoskeleton in the recovery of motor function after SCI. Our study provides new insights for the formulation of SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Pei
- Central laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Qiurong Zhao
- Central laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Chunhui Lang
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Shilong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Juanjuan Meng
- Central laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Guangjiao Tan
- Central laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Central laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Xiaohe Luo
- Central laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Lixin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
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Cheng Y, Wu B, Huang J, Chen Y. Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Central Post-Stroke Pain: A Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3083-3098. [PMID: 37166685 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Central Post-Stroke Pain (CPSP) is a primary sequelae of stroke that can develop in the body part corresponding to the cerebrovascular lesion after stroke, most typically after ischemic stroke but also after hemorrhagic stroke. The pathogenesis of CPSP is currently unknown, and research into its mechanism is ongoing. To summarize current research on the CPSP mechanism and provide guidance for future studies. Use "central post-stroke pain," "stroke AND thalamic pain," "stroke AND neuropathic pain," "post-stroke thalamic pain" as the search term. The search was conducted in the PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, summarizing and classifying the retrieved mechanism studies. The mechanistic studies on CPSP are extensive, and we categorized the included mechanistic studies and summarized them in terms of relevant pathway studies, relevant signals and receptors, relevant neural tissues, and described endoplasmic reticulum stress and other relevant studies, as well as summarized the mechanisms of acupuncture treatment. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of CPSP involves the entire spinal-thalamo-cortical pathway and that multiple substances in the nervous system are involved in the formation and development of CPSP. Among them, the relevant receptors and signals are the hotspot of research, and the discovery and exploration of different receptors and signals have provided a wide range of therapeutic ideas for CPSP. As a very effective treatment, acupuncture is less studied regarding the analgesic mechanism of CPSP, and further experimental studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Cheng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bangqi Wu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China.
| | - Jingjie Huang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yameng Chen
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 300381, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
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Martami F, Holton KF. Targeting Glutamate Neurotoxicity through Dietary Manipulation: Potential Treatment for Migraine. Nutrients 2023; 15:3952. [PMID: 37764736 PMCID: PMC10537717 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is implicated in both the initiation of migraine as well as central sensitization, which increases the frequency of migraine attacks. Excessive levels of glutamate can lead to excitotoxicity in the nervous system which can disrupt normal neurotransmission and contribute to neuronal injury or death. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity also leads to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier permeability, and cerebral vasodilation, all of which are associated with migraine pathophysiology. Experimental evidence has shown the protective effects of several nutrients against excitotoxicity. The current review focuses on the mechanisms behind glutamate's involvement in migraines as well as a discussion on how specific nutrients are able to work towards restoring glutamate homeostasis. Understanding glutamate's role in migraine is of vital importance for understanding why migraine is commonly comorbid with widespread pain conditions and for informing future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Martami
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
| | - Kathleen F. Holton
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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7
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Gundogdu G, Tasci SY, Gundogdu K, Kapakin KAT, Demirkaya AK, Nalci KA, Gundogdu M, Hacimuftuoglu A, Abd El-Aty AM. A combination of omega-3 and exercise reduces experimental Achilles tendinopathy induced with a type-1 collagenase in rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:62-73. [PMID: 36458821 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 supplementation with exercise in a collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy (AT) rat model. Experimental groups (healthy control (HC), AT, exercise (Ex), omega-3 (W), and Ex+W) were randomly allocated. After a week of adaptation, oral omega-3 was initiated for 8 weeks (5 days/week). The exercise groups performed treadmill running for 30 min/day (5 days/week, 20 m/min, 8 weeks) following one week of adaptation (10 m/min, 15 min/day). Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and total antioxidant-oxidant status (TAS) levels were determined in serum samples. Tendon samples were obtained for biomechanical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical assessments. Ultimate tensile force, yield force, stiffness values, collagen type-I alpha 1 expression, and serum TAS significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in AT vs. HC. These values and expression significantly increased in the Ex+W group vs. AT. Serum MMP-13, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels decreased in all treatment groups vs. AT. The most significant decrease was found in the Ex+W group (P < 0.01). Histopathologically, the improvement in degeneration was statistically significant in the Ex+W group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemically, MMP-13, IL-1β, TNF-α, and nitric oxide synthase-2 expression was decreased in all treatment groups vs. AT. In conclusion, omega-3 and exercise might be recommended in AT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Gundogdu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli 20100, Turkey
| | - Seymanur Yilmaz Tasci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Koksal Gundogdu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli 20010, Turkey
| | - Kubra Asena Terim Kapakin
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum 20240, Turkey
| | - Alper Kursat Demirkaya
- Department of Food Processing, Vocational School, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
| | - Kemal Alp Nalci
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gundogdu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmır Democracy University, İzmir 35140, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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Gundogdu K, Yilmaz Tasci S, Gundogdu G, Terim Kapakin KA, Totik Y, Demirkaya Miloglu F. Evaluation of cytokines in protective effect of docosahexaenoic acid in experimental achilles tendinopathy rat model induced with type-1 collagenase. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:393-405. [PMID: 34612118 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2021.1982915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as a treatment for Achilles tendinopathy (AT) induced with type-I collagenase in rats and compare it with collagen. METHODS The AT model was induced with type I collagenase, and animals were randomly assigned to groups. Group 1:AT, Group 2: Collagen (7.2 mg/kg/day), Group 3:DHA (300 mg/kg/day), and Group 4:DHA (100 mg/kg/day). Right tendons of Group1 were used as a healthy control (HC). Oral treatments were applied for eight weeks. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β) concentrations were determined by ELISA. Tendon samples were taken for histopathological evaluation and examined immunohistochemically with antibodies specific for Col1A1, TNF-α, MMP-13, IL-1β, and nitric oxide synthase-2(NOS-2). The ultimate tensile force (UTF) yield force(YF) and stiffness were measured by biomechanical assessments. RESULTS UTF,YF and stiffness values were increased in all treatment groups compared to the AT control, a significant increase was found in Group 2 (p < 0.05). There was severe degeneration of tendon cells in the AT control. The tendon cells in samples from Groups 2-3 were less degraded, and this was statistically significant (p < 0.05). TNF-α, MMP-13, IL-1β, and NOS-2 expressions were significantly higher in the AT control compared to the HC. In all treatment groups, their concentrations were lower than in the AT control. Serum TNF-α, MMP-13, and IL-1β levels were lower in all treatment groups (Especially in Group3 (p < 0.001)) compared to Group1. CONCLUSION The efficacy of high-dose DHA as a treatment for AT was investigated from biochemical, histopathological, and biomechanical perspectives. The results showed that DHA could be an alternative treatment compound to collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koksal Gundogdu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Gulsah Gundogdu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Kubra Asena Terim Kapakin
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yasar Totik
- Department of Machine Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Demirkaya Miloglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Shen CL, Castro L, Fang CY, Castro M, Sherali S, White S, Wang R, Neugebauer V. Bioactive compounds for neuropathic pain: An update on preclinical studies and future perspectives. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 104:108979. [PMID: 35245654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among different types of chronic pain, neuropathic pain (NP), arising from damage to the nervous system, including peripheral fibers and central neurons, is notoriously difficult to treat and affects 7-10% of the general population. Currently available treatment options for NP are limited and opioid analgesics have severe side effects and can result in opioid use disorder. Recent studies have exhibited the role of dietary bioactive compounds in the mitigation of NP. Here, we assessed the effects of commonly consumed bioactive compounds (ginger, curcumin, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, epigallocatechin gallate, resveratrol, soy isoflavones, lycopene, and naringin) on NP and NP-related neuroinflammation. Cellular studies demonstrated that these bioactive compounds reduce inflammation via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways that regulate apoptosis/cell survival, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory responses. Animal studies strongly suggest that these regularly consumed bioactive compounds have a pronounced anti-NP effect as shown by decreased mechanical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia, and cold hyperalgesia. The proposed molecular mechanisms include (1) the enhancement of neuron survival, (2) the reduction of neuronal hyperexcitability by activation of antinociceptive cannabinoid 1 receptors and opioid receptors, (3) the suppression of sodium channel current, and (4) enhancing a potassium outward current in NP-affected animals, triggering a cascade of chemical changes within, and between neurons for pain relief. Human studies administered in this area have been limited. Future randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm the findings of preclinical efficacies using bioactive compounds in patients with NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
| | - Luis Castro
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Chih-Yu Fang
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Maribel Castro
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Samir Sherali
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Steely White
- Department of Microbiology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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10
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Jiang K, Sun Y, Chen X. Mechanism Underlying Acupuncture Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Overview of Preclinical Studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875103. [PMID: 35462893 PMCID: PMC9021644 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results from various pathogenic factors that destroy the normal structure and function of the spinal cord, subsequently causing sensory, motor, and autonomic nerve dysfunction. SCI is one of the most common causes of disability and death globally. It leads to severe physical and mental injury to patients and causes a substantial economic burden on families and the society. The pathological changes and underlying mechanisms within SCI involve oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, etc. As a traditional therapy, acupuncture has a positive effect promoting the recovery of SCI. Acupuncture-induced neuroprotection includes several mechanisms such as reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis, alleviating glial scar formation, promoting neural stem cell differentiation, and improving microcirculation within the injured area. Therefore, the recent studies exploring the mechanism of acupuncture therapy in SCI will help provide a theoretical basis for applying acupuncture and seeking a better treatment target and acupuncture approach for SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xinle Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinle Chen,
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Kim J, Park SK. Differences in Physical Characteristics of the Lower Extremity and Running Biomechanics Between Different Age Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074320. [PMID: 35410001 PMCID: PMC8998726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this study was to determine physical and biomechanical changes in age groups upon running. (2) Method: 75 male adults (20–80s) participated in the study. Bone mineral density and lower extremity joint strength were measured according to age-increase targeting. Based on age, correlations among running characteristics, impulse, impact force, maximum vertical ground reaction force, loading rate, lower extremity joint 3D range of motion, joint moment, and power upon running motion were calculated. (3) Result: Older runners tended to show lower bone mineral density, extremity maximum strength, stride time, and stride distance, with smaller RoM and joint power of ankle and knee joints in the sagittal plane, compared with younger subjects. However, there were no significant correlations between age and impact variables (i.e., impulse, impact force, peak GRF, and loading rate) during running. (4) Conclusion: Older runners tend to show weaker physical strength characteristics, such as bone mineral density and muscle strength and lower joint functionality of ankle and knee joints during running, compared with younger runners. Therefore, strengthening the lower extremity muscle and improving dynamic joint function, especially for ankle joints, can be helpful for injury prevention during running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbin Kim
- Division of Kinesiology, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea;
| | - Sang-Kyoon Park
- Motion Innovation Center, Korea National Sport University, Seoul 05541, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-5378-9617
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12
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Licero J, Illan MS, Descorbeth M, Cordero K, Figueroa JD, De Leon M. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) inhibition promotes locomotor and autonomic recovery in rats following spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 2022; 39:1099-1112. [PMID: 35297679 PMCID: PMC9347423 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response associated with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) contributes to locomotor and sensory impairments. Pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages/microglia (MφMG) are the major cellular players in this response as they promote chronic inflammation resulting in injury expansion and tissue damage. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) promotes M1 MφMG differentiation; however, it is unknown if FABP4 also plays a role in the etiology of SCI. The present study investigates whether FABP4's gene expression influences functional recovery following SCI. Analysis of qPCR data shows a robust induction of FABP4 mRNA (>100 fold) in rats subjected to a T9-T10 contusion injury compared to control. Western blot experiments reveal significant upregulation of FABP4 protein at the injury epicenter, and immunofluorescence analysis identifies this upregulation occurs in CD11b+ MφMG. Furthermore, upregulation of FABP4 gene expression correlates with PPARγ downregulation, inactivation of Iκβα, and the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Analysis of locomotor recovery using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan's (BBB) locomotor scale and the CatWalk gait analysis system shows that injured rats treated with FABP4 inhibitor BMS309403 have significant improvements in locomotion compared to vehicle controls. Additionally, inhibitor-treated rats exhibit enhanced autonomic bladder reflex recovery. Immunofluorescence experiments also show the administration of the FABP4 inhibitor increases the number of CD163+ and Liver Arginase+ M2 MφMG within the epicenter and penumbra of the injured spinal cord 28 dpi. These findings show that FABP4 may significantly exacerbate locomotor and sensory impairments during SCI by modulating macrophage/microglial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenniffer Licero
- Loma Linda University, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, 142 Mortensen Hall, 11085 Campus St, Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354;
| | - Miguel S Illan
- Loma Linda University, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, 142 Mortensen Hall, 11085 Campus St, Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354;
| | - Magda Descorbeth
- Loma Linda University, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States;
| | - Kathia Cordero
- Loma Linda University, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States;
| | - Johnny D Figueroa
- Loma Linda University, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States;
| | - Marino De Leon
- Loma Linda University, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, 142 Mortensen Hall, 11085 Campus St, Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354;
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13
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Durán AM, Beeson WL, Firek A, Cordero-MacIntyre Z, De León M. Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty-Acid Supplementation Upregulates Protective Cellular Pathways in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Exhibiting Improvement in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040761. [PMID: 35215418 PMCID: PMC8876723 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been proposed to improve chronic neuroinflammatory diseases in peripheral and central nervous systems. For instance, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protects nerve cells from noxious stimuli in vitro and in vivo. Recent reports link PUFA supplementation to improving painful diabetic neuropathy (pDN) symptoms, but cellular mechanisms responsible for this therapeutic effect are not well understood. The objective of this study is to identify distinct cellular pathways elicited by dietary omega-3 PUFA supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affected by pDN. Methods: Forty volunteers diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the “En Balance-PLUS” diabetes education study. The volunteers participated in weekly lifestyle/nutrition education and daily supplementation with 1000 mg DHA and 200 mg eicosapentaenoic acid. The Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire validated clinical determination of baseline and post-intervention pain complaints. Laboratory and untargeted metabolomics analyses were conducted using blood plasma collected at baseline and after three months of participation in the dietary regimen. The metabolomics data were analyzed using random forest, hierarchical clustering, ingenuity pathway analysis, and metabolic pathway mapping. Results: The data show that metabolites involved in oxidative stress and glutathione production shifted significantly to a more anti-inflammatory state post supplementation. Example of these metabolites include cystathionine (+90%), S-methylmethionine (+9%), glycine cysteine-glutathione disulfide (+157%) cysteinylglycine (+19%), glutamate (−11%), glycine (+11%), and arginine (+13.4%). In addition, the levels of phospholipids associated with improved membrane fluidity such as linoleoyl-docosahexaenoyl-glycerol (18:2/22:6) (+253%) were significantly increased. Ingenuity pathway analysis suggested several key bio functions associated with omega-3 PUFA supplementation such as formation of reactive oxygen species (p = 4.38 × 10−4, z-score = −1.96), peroxidation of lipids (p = 2.24 × 10−5, z-score = −1.944), Ca2+ transport (p = 1.55 × 10−4, z-score = −1.969), excitation of neurons (p = 1.07 ×10−4, z-score = −1.091), and concentration of glutathione (p = 3.06 × 10−4, z-score = 1.974). Conclusion: The reduction of pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways following dietary omega-3 PUFA supplementation is consistent with the promising role of these fatty acids in reducing adverse symptoms associated with neuroinflammatory diseases and painful neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso M. Durán
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (A.M.D.); (W.L.B.); (Z.C.-M.)
| | - W. Lawrence Beeson
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (A.M.D.); (W.L.B.); (Z.C.-M.)
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Anthony Firek
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA;
| | - Zaida Cordero-MacIntyre
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (A.M.D.); (W.L.B.); (Z.C.-M.)
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Marino De León
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (A.M.D.); (W.L.B.); (Z.C.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-558-9474
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14
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Sharma S, Venter L, Alfaro AC, Ragg NLC, Delorme NJ, Zamora LN. Physiological responses of juvenile New Zealand geoduck (Panopea zelandica) following emersion and recovery. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 41:100929. [PMID: 34773739 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The New Zealand geoduck clam is a unique seafood delicacy, with animals selling for up to $US 220-330/kg. Stress accumulated during transport of juveniles to grow-out sites represent a bottleneck in the aquaculture process. In this study, the physiological responses of juvenile geoducks following emersion (3- and 8-h), and recovery (1- and 5-days) were investigated. An integrated approach of flow cytometry, osmolality and metabolomics, along with behavioural assessments was used. Both cellular and chemical haemolymph parameters and metabolite profiles were recorded for P. zelandica juveniles and are reported herein for the first time. An increase in haemolymph osmolality was experienced with an increase in emersion period, with significant differences seen between the 3- and 8-h emersion groups after 5 days of recovery. Viability measures of haemocytes varied insignificantly between experimental groups, creating baseline ranges. The proportion of haemocytes undergoing respiratory burst activity did not appear to be affected by emersion and re-immersion. Haemocyte mitochondrial membrane potential was highest following 1-day of recovery, likely linked to metabolic readjustment, and increased glycolysis, taking place following emersion. Metabolomics analyses suggest that protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolite classes assist with energy production in geoducks. Activation of anaerobic metabolic pathways, with a high dependence on succinate, were prominent in the 8-h exposure group, with metabolic recovery still taking place following 5-days of immersion, mainly due to proteins restoring energy reserves. Elucidating the physiological responses of juvenile geoduck subjected to transport stress can aid cultivation methods already underway to develop a novel, high value aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaneel Sharma
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Leonie Venter
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrea C Alfaro
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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15
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Oral Capsaicinoid Administration Alters the Plasma Endocannabinoidome and Fecal Microbiota of Reproductive-Aged Women Living with Overweight and Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091246. [PMID: 34572432 PMCID: PMC8471891 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicinoids, the pungent principles of chili peppers and prototypical activators of the transient receptor potential of the vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channel, which is a member of the expanded endocannabinoid system known as the endocannabinoidome (eCBome), counteract food intake and obesity. In this exploratory study, we examined the blood and stools from a subset of the participants in a cohort of reproductive-aged women with overweight/obesity who underwent a 12-week caloric restriction of 500 kcal/day with the administration of capsaicinoids (two capsules containing 100 mg of a capsicum annuum extract (CAE) each for a daily dose of 4 mg of capsaicinoids) or a placebo. Samples were collected immediately before and after the intervention, and plasma eCBome mediator levels (from 23 participants in total, 13 placebo and 10 CAE) and fecal microbiota taxa (from 15 participants in total, 9 placebo and 6 CAE) were profiled using LC-MS/MS and 16S metagenomic sequencing, respectively. CAE prevented the reduced caloric-intake-induced decrease in beneficial eCBome mediators, i.e., the TRPV1, GPR119 and/or PPARα agonists, N-oleoyl-ethanolamine, N-linoleoyl-ethanolamine and 2-oleoyl-glycerol, as well as the anti-inflammatory N-acyl-ethanolamines N-docosapentaenyl-ethanolamine and N-docosahexaenoyl-ethanolamine. CAE produced few but important alterations in the fecal microbiota, such as an increased relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor, which is known to be inversely associated with obesity. Correlations between eCBome mediators and other potentially beneficial taxa were also observed, thus reinforcing the hypothesis of the existence of a link between the eCBome and the gut microbiome in obesity.
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16
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Campos J, Silva NA, Salgado AJ. Nutritional interventions for spinal cord injury: preclinical efficacy and molecular mechanisms. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:1206-1221. [PMID: 34472615 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that leads to motor, sensory, and autonomic impairments. Its intrinsic pathophysiological complexity has hindered the establishment of effective treatments for decades. Nutritional interventions (NIs) for SCI have been proposed as a route to circumvent some of the problems associated with this condition. Results obtained in animal models point to a more holistic effect, rather than to specific modulation, of several relevant SCI pathophysiological processes. Indeed, published data have shown NI improves energetic imbalance, oxidative damage, and inflammation, which are promoters of improved proteostasis and neurotrophic signaling, leading ultimately to neuroprotection and neuroplasticity. This review focuses on the most well-documented Nis. The mechanistic implications and their translational potential for SCI are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Campos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno A Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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17
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UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based plasma metabolome to identify biomarkers and time of injury in traumatic brain injured rats. Neuroreport 2021; 32:415-422. [PMID: 33788810 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify the potent metabolic biomarkers and time of injury of traumatic brain injured (TBI). METHODS A total of 70 Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish the TBI model in this study. The serum was collected at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 days and 7 days after surgery. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was performed to analyze metabolic changes in the serum of the TBI rats from different groups. The differences between the metabolic profiles of the rats in seven groups were analyzed using partial least squares discriminant analysis. RESULTS Metabolic profiling revealed significant differences between the sham-operated and other groups. A total of 49 potential TBI metabolite biomarkers were identified between the sham-operated group and the model groups at different time points. Among them, six metabolites (methionine sulfone, kynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 3-Indolepropionic acid, citric acid and glycocholic acid) were identified as biomarkers of TBI to estimate the injury time. CONCLUSION Using metabolomic analysis, we identified new TBI serum biomarkers for accurate detection and determination of the timing of TBI injury.
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18
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Food for Special Medical Purposes and Nutraceuticals for Pain: A Narrative Review. Pain Ther 2021; 10:225-242. [PMID: 33594594 PMCID: PMC8119521 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-021-00239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present paper focuses on the possible contribution of food compounds to alleviate symptomatic pains. Chronic pain can more easily be linked to anticipatory signals such as thirst and hunger than it is to sensory perceptions as its chronicity makes it fall under the behavioural category rather than it does senses. In fact, pain often negatively affects one’s normal feeding behavioural patterns, both directly and indirectly, as it is associated with pain or because of its prostrating effects. Nutritional Compounds for Pain Several nutraceuticals and Foods for Special Medical Purposes (FSMPs) are reported to have significant pain relief efficacy with multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Apart from the aforementioned properties, amino acids, fatty acids, trace elements and vitamins may have a role in the modulation of pain signals to and within the nervous system. Conclusion In our opinion, this review could be of great interest to clinicians, as it offers a complementary perspective in the management of pain. Trials with well-defined patient and symptoms selection and a robust pharmacological design are pivotal points to let these promising compounds become better accepted by the medical community.
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19
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Barenie Ms Rd MJ, Freemas Ms JA, Baranauskas PhD MN, Goss Msk CS, Freeman Ms KL, Chen Ms X, Dickinson Ms SL, Fly PhD Cfs AD, Kawata PhD K, Chapman PhD Facsm RF, Mickleborough PhD TD. Effectiveness of a combined New Zealand green-lipped mussel and Antarctic krill oil supplement on markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation in untrained men. J Diet Suppl 2020; 19:184-211. [PMID: 33292022 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1853649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Green-lipped mussel oil (PCSO-524®) has been shown to attenuate signs and symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), and krill oil has been shown to have a protective effect against cytokine-induced tissue degradation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of PCSO-524® and ESPO-572® (75% PCSO-524® and 25% krill oil) on signs and symptoms of EIMD. Fifty-one untrained men consumed 600 mg/d of PCSO-524® (n = 24) or ESPO-572® (n = 27) for 26 d prior to and 72 h following a downhill running bout. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), pressure pain threshold, limb swelling, range of motion (ROM), isometric torque, and blood markers of inflammation and muscle damage were assessed at baseline, 24, 48 and 72 h post-eccentric exercise. ESPO-572® was 'at least as good as' PCSO-524® and both blends were superior (p < 0.05) to placebo in lessening the increase in DOMS at 24, 48, 72 h. ESPO-572® and PCSO-524® were protective against joint ROM loss compared to placebo (p < 0.05) at 48 and 72 h. Notably, at 24 and 48 h, joint ROM was higher in the ESPO-572® compared to the PCSO-524® group (p < 0.05). No differences between the two blends for the other markers were found. ESPO-572® is 'at least as good' as PCSO-524® in reducing markers of muscle damage and soreness following eccentric exercise and was superior to PCSO-524® in protecting against the loss in joint ROM during recovery. Our data support the use of ESPO-572®, a combination of green-lipped mussel and krill oil, in mitigating the deleterious effects of EIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Barenie Ms Rd
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jessica A Freemas Ms
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Marissa N Baranauskas PhD
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Curtis S Goss Msk
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Kadie L Freeman Ms
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Xiwei Chen Ms
- School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie L Dickinson Ms
- School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Alyce D Fly PhD Cfs
- School of Public Health, Department of Applied Health Science, Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Keisuke Kawata PhD
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Robert F Chapman PhD Facsm
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Timothy D Mickleborough PhD
- School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Bloomington, IN, USA
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20
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Kowsar R, Mansouri A, Sadeghi N, Abadi MHA, Ghoreishi SM, Sadeghi K, Miyamoto A. A multilevel analysis identifies the different relationships between amino acids and the competence of oocytes matured individually or in groups. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16082. [PMID: 32999417 PMCID: PMC7528030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
High-protein diets contribute to an increase in urea follicular concentrations associated with decreased fertility. Urea has been shown to interfere with the epidermal growth factor (EGF)/EGFR system, which has been shown to have a beneficial effect during in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes. Of note, the number of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) in the maturation medium can change the maturation and the developmental competence of COCs. Therefore, it was hypothesized that, the presence of urea and EGF may have a differential effect on the depletion/appearance of AAs and competence of COCs matured individually (I-IVM system) or in groups (G-IVM system). In the G-IVM system, COCs increased consumption (depletion) of AAs compared with other groups in the presence of high-level urea (40 mg/dl) + EGF (10 ng/ml). In the I-IVM system, the non-cleaved COCs depleted more AAs than the cleaved COCs, in particular in the presence of urea. The combination of urea and EGF increased the depletion of AAs in the G-IVM system. However, the EGF abrogated the urea-induced depletion of AAs by the I-IVM COCs. The use of N-acetyl-L-cysteine as an EGFR inhibitor canceled urea-induced depletion of AAs. This shows the inhibiting effect of urea over the EGF/EGFR system. In the presence of urea + EGF, COCs had a lower degree of developmental competence than control in both I- and G-IVM systems. Arginine had the best predictive power to identify highly competent COCs in the G-IVM system, while glutamine was the best predictor of the cleavage in the I-IVM system. In conclusion, this multi-level study shows that COCs matured individually or in groups may have different association with AAs metabolism. These findings provide new insights into the relationships between AA metabolism and the subsequent developmental competence of COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Kowsar
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran. .,Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Nima Sadeghi
- FKA, Animal Husbandry and Agriculture Co, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heidaran Ali Abadi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Ghoreishi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khaled Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
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21
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Paton KF, Shirazi R, Vyssotski M, Kivell BM. N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (synaptamide) has antinociceptive effects in male mice. Eur J Pain 2020; 24:1990-1998. [PMID: 32852071 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (DHEA; also known as synaptamide) binds to both the cannabinoid-1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) cannabinoid receptors and has anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. However, the in vivo effects of DHEA remain unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to understand the effects of DHEA in models of pain and inflammation in mice. METHODS The intraplantar formaldehyde assay, hot water tail withdrawal assay and hotplate model were used to assess the antinociceptive properties of DHEA in mice. The mechanism of action was studied by antagonising the cannabinoid receptors, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and G-protein receptor 55 (GPR55). RESULTS N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (2-10 mg/kg) reduced the levels of nociceptive and inflammatory pain-related behaviour over 60 min in the intraplantar formaldehyde assay via both intraperitoneal and local intraplantar administration. The area under the curve analysis showed the overall antinociceptive effects of DHEA (10 mg/kg) were not modulated by pre-treatment with antagonists for the cannabinoid receptors, TRPV1ion channel, PPARα, PPARγ or GPR55. However, the time-course analysis showed that within the early inflammatory phase, antagonism of the CB2 receptor, PPARα and PPARγ led to a partial reversal of the antinociceptive effects of DHEA. In the hot water tail withdrawal and hotplate models of thermal nociception, DHEA (2-10 mg/kg) did not have any antinociceptive effects. CONCLUSIONS N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine reduced the level of formaldehyde-induced nociceptive and inflammatory pain-related behaviour; however, was not active in thermal nociceptive models. This study highlights the potential of DHEA for the treatment of acute inflammatory pain. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that both intraperitoneal and intraplantar administration of DHEA reduces the level of formaldehyde-induced nociceptive and inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly F Paton
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Bronwyn M Kivell
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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22
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Fatty acid suppression of glial activation prevents central neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Pain 2020; 160:2724-2742. [PMID: 31365471 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
About half of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) develop debilitating central neuropathic pain (CNP), with no effective treatments. Thus, effective, safe, and novel therapies are needed urgently. Previously, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was reported to confer neuroprotection in preclinical SCI models. However, its therapeutic potential on SCI-CNP remains to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that intravenous DHA administrations with 3-day intervals (250 nmol/kg; starting 30 minutes after injury and maintained for 6 weeks) effectively prevented SCI-CNP development in a clinically relevant rat contusion model. SCI-CNP was assessed by a novel sensory profiling approach combining evoked pain measures and pain-related ethologically relevant rodent behaviours (burrowing, thigmotaxis, and place/escape avoidance) to mimic those for measuring human (sensory, affective, cognitive, and spontaneous) pain. Strikingly, already established SCI-CNP could be abolished partially by similar DHA administrations, starting from the beginning of week 4 after injury and maintained for 4 weeks. At spinal (epicenter and L5 dorsal horns) and supraspinal (anterior cingulate cortex) levels, both treatment regimens potently suppressed microglial and astrocyte activation, which underpins SCI-CNP pathogenesis. Spinal microgliosis, a known hallmark associated with neuropathic pain behaviours, was reduced by DHA treatments. Finally, we revealed novel potential roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated and retinoid X receptors and docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHA's metabolite) in mediating DHA's effects on microglial activation. Our findings, coupled with the excellent long-term clinical safety of DHA even in surgical and critically ill patients, suggest that systemic DHA treatment is a translatable, effective, safe, and novel approach for preventing and managing SCI-CNP.
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Significance of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Prophylaxis and Treatment after Spinal Cord Injury in Rodent Models. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3164260. [PMID: 32801994 PMCID: PMC7411484 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3164260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 acids, PUFAs) are essential components of cell membranes in all mammals. A multifactorial beneficial influence of ω-3 fatty acids on the health of humans and other mammals has been observed for many years. Therefore, ω-3 fatty acids and their function in the prophylaxis and treatment of various pathologies have been subjected to numerous studies. Regarding the documented therapeutic influence of ω-3 fatty acids on the nervous and immune systems, the aim of this paper is to present the current state of knowledge and the critical assessment of the role of ω-3 fatty acids in the prophylaxis and treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) in rodent models. The prophylactic properties (pre-SCI) include the stabilization of neuron cell membranes, the reduction of the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and KC/GRO/CINC), the improvement of local blood flow, reduced eicosanoid production, activation of protective intracellular transcription pathways (dependent on RXR, PPAR-α, Akt, and CREB), and increased concentration of lipids, glycogen, and oligosaccharides by neurons. On the other hand, the therapeutic properties (post-SCI) include the increased production of endogenous antioxidants such as carnosine and homocarnosine, the maintenance of elevated GSH concentrations at the site of injury, reduced concentrations of oxidative stress marker (MDA), autophagy improvement (via increasing the expression of LC3-II), and p38 MAPK expression reduction in the superficial dorsal horns (limiting the sensation of neuropathic pain). Paradoxically, despite the well-documented protective activity of ω-3 acids in rodents with SCI, the research does not offer an answer to the principal question of the optimal dose and treatment duration. Therefore, it is worth emphasizing the role of multicenter rodent studies with the implementation of standards which initially may even be based on arbitrary criteria. Additionally, basing on available research data, the authors of this paper make a careful attempt at referring some of the conclusions to the human population.
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Montero ML, Liu JW, Orozco J, Casiano CA, De Leon M. Docosahexaenoic acid protection against palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells involves enhancement of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis and necroptosis. J Neurochem 2020; 155:559-576. [PMID: 32379343 PMCID: PMC7754135 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity (LTx) leads to cellular dysfunction and cell death and has been proposed to be an underlying process during traumatic and hypoxic injuries and neurodegenerative conditions in the nervous system. This study examines cellular mechanisms responsible for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6 n‐3) protection in nerve growth factor‐differentiated pheochromocytoma (NGFDPC12) cells from palmitic acid (PAM)‐mediated lipotoxicity (PAM‐LTx). NGFDPC12 cells exposed to PAM show a significant lipotoxicity demonstrated by a robust loss of cell viability, apoptosis, and increased HIF‐1α and BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein‐interacting protein 3 gene expression. Treatment of NGFDPC12 cells undergoing PAM‐LTx with the pan‐caspase inhibitor ZVAD did not protect, but shifted the process from apoptosis to necroptosis. This shift in cell death mechanism was evident by the appearance of the signature necroptotic Topo I protein cleavage fragments, phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain‐like, and inhibition with necrostatin‐1. Cultures exposed to PAM and co‐treated with necrostatin‐1 (necroptosis inhibitor) and rapamycin (autophagy promoter), showed a significant protection against PAM‐LTx compared to necrostatin‐1 alone. In addition, co‐treatment with DHA, as well as 20:5 n‐3, 20:4 n‐6, and 22:5 n‐3, in the presence of PAM protected NGFDPC12 cells against LTx. DHA‐induced neuroprotection includes restoring normal levels of HIF‐1α and BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein‐interacting protein 3 transcripts and caspase 8 and caspase 3 activity, phosphorylation of beclin‐1, de‐phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain‐like, increase in LC3‐II, and up‐regulation of Atg7 and Atg12 genes, suggesting activation of autophagy and inhibition of necroptosis. Furthermore, DHA‐induced protection was suppressed by the lysosomotropic agent chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy. We conclude that DHA elicits neuroprotection by regulating multiple cell death pathways including enhancement of autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis and necroptosis. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel L Montero
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jo-Wen Liu
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - José Orozco
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Carlos A Casiano
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Marino De Leon
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Acute antinociceptive effect of fish oil or its major compounds, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on diabetic neuropathic pain depends on opioid system activation. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:111992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zhang Q, Liu X, Yan L, Zhao R, An J, Liu C, Yang H. Danshen extract (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) attenuate spinal cord injury in a rat model: A metabolomic approach for the mechanism study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152966. [PMID: 31132751 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disorder caused by trauma. To date, SCI treatment is still a significant challenge in clinic and research around the world. Danshen (dried roots and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza), a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb, has been attracting attention in SCI treatment. PURPOSE Aim of this study was to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of danshen extract in a SCI rat model, as well as investigate possible mechanism of action and potential biomarkers. METHODS Here, a rat SCI model was established with weight-drop method, and danshen extract was administered by oral gavage (12.5 g/kg). Recovery of motor function and histomorphological changes were evaluated by Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score and hematoxylin-eosin staining, respectively. In addition, neurofilament 200 (NF-H), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and CD11b expressions were assayed by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. Furthermore, a metabolomics analysis based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach was conducted. RESULTS The results demonstrated that danshen extract could significantly ameliorated histopathology changes and improved recovery of motor function after SCI. Moreover, NF-H, BDNF and CD11b expression were progressively increased until 4 weeks post-injury after administrated danshen extract. Furthermore, a good separation was observed among different groups using OPLS-DA. Trajectory analysis showed the gradual shift from position of model group toward normal group with increasing time after administration of danshen extract. Meanwhile, 51 significantly altered metabolites were identified, while metabolic pathway analysis suggested that 6 metabolic pathways were disturbed by the altered metabolites. CONCLUSION In summary, this study provides an overview of neuroprotective effects and investigates possible mechanism of danshen extract in SCI treatment. However, further research is needed to uncover its regulatory mechanisms more clearly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
| | - Xifang Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Orthopaedic, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China; College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jing An
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ciucui Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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Metabolic Changes in Serum in the Rat Model of Cauda Equina Injury. World Neurosurg 2019; 130:e1051-e1060. [PMID: 31323400 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the potent metabolic biomarkers of cauda equina injury (CEI). METHODS A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish the CEI model in this study. The serum was collected at 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, and 7 days after surgery. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was performed to analyze metabolic changes in the serum of the CEI rats from different groups. The differences between the metabolic profiles of the rats in 5 groups were analyzed using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). RESULTS Metabolic profiling revealed significant differences between the sham operated and other groups. A total of 57 potential CEI metabolite biomarkers were identified between the sham operated group and the model groups at the different time points. Principal component analysis and PLS-DA analyses revealed clear segregation between CEI versus sham operation group. These potential biomarkers appear in 15 metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS Using metabolomic analysis, we were able to identify the novel serum biomarkers of CEI that may be relevant to the diagnosis and prognosis of CEI. In addition, our pathway analysis provides important insights into the etiology of CEI and a basis for clinical diagnosis, locating biomarkers in the early stages of the pathological process.
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Durán AM, Salto LM, Câmara J, Basu A, Paquien I, Beeson WL, Firek A, Cordero-MacIntyre Z, De León M. Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid supplementation on neuropathic pain symptoms and sphingosine levels in Mexican-Americans with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:109-120. [PMID: 30662277 PMCID: PMC6329345 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s187268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces neuropathic pain symptoms in Mexican-Americans with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Forty volunteers with type 2 diabetes enrolled in the "En Balance-PLUS" program, which provided weekly nutrition-diabetes education and daily supplementation with 1,000 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-200 mg eicosapentaenoic acid over 3 months. The study assessed self-reported neuropathic pain symptoms pre/postintervention using the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), monitored clinical laboratory values at baseline and 3 months, and performed baseline and 3-month metabolomic analysis of plasma samples. RESULTS A total of 26 participants self-reported neuropathic pain symptoms at baseline. After 3 months of omega-3 PUFA supplementation, participants reported significant improvement in SF-MPQ scores (sensory, affective, and visual analogue scale; P<0.001, P=0.012, and P<0.001, respectively). Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that participants in the moderate-high SF-MPQ group had the highest relative plasma sphingosine levels at baseline compared to the low SF-MPQ group (P=0.0127) and the nonpain group (P=0.0444). Omega-3 PUFA supplementation increased plasma DHA and reduced plasma sphingosine levels in participants reporting neuropathic pain symptoms (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Increased plasma DHA levels significantly correlated with improved SF-MPQ sensory scores (r=0.425, P=0.030). Improved SF-MPQ scores, however, did not correlate with clinical/laboratory parameters. CONCLUSION The data suggest that omega-3 PUFAs dietary supplementation may reduce neuropathic pain symptoms in individuals with type 2 diabetes and correlates with sphingosine levels in the plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso M Durán
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
| | - Lorena M Salto
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
| | - Justin Câmara
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
| | - Anamika Basu
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
| | - Ivette Paquien
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
| | - W Lawrence Beeson
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Firek
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA
| | - Zaida Cordero-MacIntyre
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Marino De León
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA,
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Nasehi M, Mosavi-Nezhad SM, Khakpai F, Zarrindast MR. The role of omega-3 on modulation of cognitive deficiency induced by REM sleep deprivation in rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 351:152-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Lin L, Metherel AH, Kitson AP, Alashmali SM, Hopperton KE, Trépanier MO, Jones PJ, Bazinet RP. Dietary fatty acids augment tissue levels of n-acylethanolamines in n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) knockout mice. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 62:134-142. [PMID: 30290332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are lipid signaling mediators, which can be synthesized from dietary fatty acids via n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) and in turn influence physiological outcomes; however, the roles of NAPE-PLD upon dietary fatty acid modulation are not fully understood. Presently, we examine if NAPE-PLD is necessary to increase NAEs in response to dietary fatty acid manipulation. Post-weaning male wild-type (C57Bl/6), NAPE-PLD (-/+) and NAPE-PLD (-/-) mice received isocaloric fat diets containing either beef tallow, corn oil, canola oil or fish oil (10% wt/wt from fat) for 9 weeks. Brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels were higher (P<.01) in NAPE-PLD (-/+) (10.01±0.31 μmol/g) and NAPE-PLD (-/-) (10.89±0.61 μmol/g) than wild-type (7.72±0.61 μmol/g) consuming fish oil. In NAPE-PLD (-/-) mice, brain docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA) levels were higher (P<.01) after fish oil feeding suggesting that NAPE-PLD was not necessary for DHEA synthesis. Liver and jejunum arachidonoylethanolamide, 1,2-arachidonoylglycerol and DHEA levels reflected their corresponding fatty acid precursors suggesting that alternate pathways are involved in NAE synthesis. NAPE-PLD (-/-) mice had lower oleoylethanolamide levels in the jejunum and a leaner phenotype compared to wild-type mice. Overall, these results demonstrate that dietary fatty acid can augment tissue NAEs in the absence of NAPE-PLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adam H Metherel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex P Kitson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shoug M Alashmali
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Peter J Jones
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Sanders AE, Shaikh SR, Slade GD. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and headache in the U.S. population. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 135:47-53. [PMID: 30103932 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of this study was to assess whether dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is associated with lower prevalence of headache in the U.S. POPULATION This cross-sectional study used data for a nationally representative sample of 12,317 men and women aged ≥ 20 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 1999-2004. Interviewers recorded self-report of severe headache or migraine in the past three months. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were quantified from 24-hour dietary recall using the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database. Serum concentration of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation and potential mediator of PUFA's analgesic properties, was quantified by latex-enhanced nephelometry. Multivariable generalized linear models estimated prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence limits (CL) for severe headache or migraine adjusting for NHANES cycle, sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index and total energy intake. The unadjusted prevalence of severe headache or migraine was 22.0% (females 28.2%, males 15.5%). In multivariable analysis, greater intake of omega-3 PUFAs was associated with lower prevalence of severe headache or migraine: PR 0.94 (95% CL: 0.88, 0.99, p = 0.035) per log unit increase in EPA, and PR 0.94 (95% CL: 0.90, 0.99, p = 0.023) per log unit increase in DHA. The strength of association was greater for non-Mexican Hispanics than for other racial/ethnic groups but was not attenuated after adjustment for C-reactive protein. In conclusion, higher dietary intakes of EPA and DHA were associated with lower prevalence of headache supporting the hypothesis that omega-3 PUFAs may prevent or reduce headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Sanders
- Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA..
| | - S R Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - G D Slade
- Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Kang S, Liu S, Li H, Wang D, Qi X. Baicalin effects on rats with spinal cord injury by anti-inflammatory and regulating the serum metabolic disorder. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7767-7779. [PMID: 29904952 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin had neuroprotective effects on inhibiting neuronal cell apoptosis induced by spinal cord ischemic injury. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of Baicalin on rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) and its mechanism of action. The recovery of spinal cord nerve function in rats was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score and the combine behavioral score (CBS). The expressions of cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Expressions of inflammation-related proteins were detected by Western blot. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed for serum metabolites. The BBB and CBS score results showed that Baicalin had a certain improvement on rats with SCI. SCI symptoms were significantly improved in low-dose and high-dose groups. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the SCI group were significantly increased. The expressions of NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, p-IκBα, and IKKα in the SCI group showed the opposite trend compared with the low-dose and high-dose groups. Compared with the sham group, glutamine, levels of 3-OH-butyrate, N-acetylaspartate, and glutathione were significantly reduced, and the levels of glutamate and betaine were significantly increased in the SCI group. When Baicalin was administered, the contents of glutamine synthase (GS) and glutaminase (GLS) were significantly reduced, indicating that Baicalin had the effect of improving GS and GLS. Baicalin has protective effects on improving SCI and lower extremity motor function, has a significant anti-inflammatory effect, and regulates the serum metabolic disorder caused by SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangjiang Branch of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shizhao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangjiang Branch of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongzhu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangjiang Branch of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangjiang Branch of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangbei Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangjiang Branch of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Cordero K, Coronel GG, Serrano-Illán M, Cruz-Bracero J, Figueroa JD, De León M. Effects of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation in Bladder Function and Spasticity during Spinal Cord Injury. Brain Sci 2018; 8:E38. [PMID: 29495419 PMCID: PMC5870356 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in debilitating autonomic dysfunctions, paralysis and significant sensorimotor impairments. A key component of SCI is the generation of free radicals that contributes to the high levels of oxidative stress observed. This study investigates whether dietary supplementation with the antioxidant vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) improves functional recovery after SCI. Female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either with a normal diet or a dietary regiment supplemented with vitamin E (51 IU/g) for eight weeks. The rats were subsequently exposed either to a contusive SCI or sham operation, and evaluated using standard functional behavior analysis. We report that the rats that consumed the vitamin E-enriched diet showed an accelerated bladder recovery and significant improvements in locomotor function relative to controls, as determined by residual volumes and Basso, Beatie, and Bresnaham BBB scores, respectively. Interestingly, the prophylactic dietary intervention did not preserve neurons in the ventral horn of injured rats, but it significantly increased the numbers of oligodendrocytes. Vitamin E supplementation attenuated the depression of the H-reflex (a typical functional consequence of SCI) while increasing the levels of supraspinal serotonin immunoreactivity. Our findings support the potential complementary use of vitamin E to ameliorate sensory and autonomic dysfunctions associated with spinal cord injury, and identified promising new cellular and functional targets of its neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathia Cordero
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Gemma G Coronel
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Miguel Serrano-Illán
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Jennifer Cruz-Bracero
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Johnny D Figueroa
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Marino De León
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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Fatty acids and related lipid mediators in the regulation of cutaneous inflammation. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:119-129. [PMID: 29330355 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human skin has a distinct profile of fatty acids and related bioactive lipid mediators that regulate many aspects of epidermal and dermal homeostasis, including immune and inflammatory reactions. Sebum lipids act as effective antimicrobial agents, shape immune cell communications and contribute to the epidermal lipidome. The essential fatty acid linoleic acid is crucial for the structure of the epidermal barrier, while polyunsaturated fatty acids act as precursors to eicosanoids, octadecanoids and docosanoids through cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-mediated reactions, and endocannabinoids and N-acyl ethanolamines. Cross-communication between these families of bioactive lipids suggests that their cutaneous activities should be considered as part of a wider metabolic network that can be targeted to maintain skin health, control inflammation and improve skin pathologies.
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Orofacial antinociceptive effect of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1575-1585. [PMID: 29793320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret, popularly known in Brazil as "jurema-preta" is widely used against bronchitis, fever, headache and inflammation. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential has already been reported. To assess the orofacial antinociceptive effect of M. tenuiflora, ethanolic extracts of M. tenuiflora (leaves, twigs, barks and roots) were submitted to in vitro tests of antioxidant activity. The extract with the highest antioxidant potential was partitioned and subjected to preliminary chemical prospecting, GC-MS, measurement of phenolic content and cytotoxicity tests of the fraction with the highest antioxidant activity. The nontoxic fraction with the highest antioxidant activity (FATEM) was subjected to tests of acute and chronic orofacial nociception and locomotor activity. The possible mechanisms of neuromodulation were also assessed. The EtOAc fraction, obtained from the ethanolic extract of M. tenuiflora barks, was the one with the highest antioxidant potential and nontoxic (FATEM), and Benzyloxyamine was the major constituent (34.27%). FATEM did not alter the locomotor system of mice and reduced significantly the orofacial nociceptive behavior induced by formalin, glutamate, capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde or acidic saline compared to the control group. FATEM also inhibited formalin- or mustard oil-induced temporomandibular nociception. In addition, it also reduced mustard oil-induced orofacial muscle nociception. However, FATEM did not alter hypertonic saline-induced corneal nociception. Neuropathic nociception was reversed by treatment with FATEM. The antinociceptive effect of FATEM was inhibited by naloxone, L-NAME and glibenclamide. FATEM has pharmacological potential for the treatment of acute and neuropathic orofacial pain and this effect is modulated by the opioid system, nitric oxide and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. These results lead us to studies of isolation and characterization of bioactive principles.
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Arroyo-Lira AG, Rodríguez-Ramos F, Ortiz MI, Castañeda-Hernández G, Chávez-Piña AE. Supra-Additive Interaction of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Naproxen and Gastric Safety on the Formalin Test in Rats. Drug Dev Res 2017; 78:332-339. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arlette Guadalupe Arroyo-Lira
- Doctorado en Biotecnología; Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Ciudad de México México
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Ramos
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, DCNI; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa; Ciudad de México México
| | - Mario I. Ortiz
- Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo; Pachuca Hidalgo México
| | - Gilberto Castañeda-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Ciudad de México México
| | - Aracely Evangelina Chávez-Piña
- Doctorado en Biotecnología; Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Ciudad de México México
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Programa Institucional en Biomedicina Molecular; Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía del Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Ciudad de México México
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Galán-Arriero I, Serrano-Muñoz D, Gómez-Soriano J, Goicoechea C, Taylor J, Velasco A, Ávila-Martín G. The role of Omega-3 and Omega-9 fatty acids for the treatment of neuropathic pain after neurotrauma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1629-1635. [PMID: 28495596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as docosaexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), mediate neuroactive effects in experimental models of traumatic peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury. Cellular mechanisms of PUFAs include reduced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, enhanced neurotrophic support, and activation of cell survival pathways. Bioactive Omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (OA) and 2-hydroxy oleic acid (2-OHOA), also show therapeutic effects in neurotrauma models. These FAs reduces noxious hyperreflexia and pain-related anxiety behavior following peripheral nerve injury and improves sensorimotor function following spinal cord injury (SCI), including facilitation of descending inhibitory antinociception. The relative safe profile of neuroactive fatty acids (FAs) holds promise for the future clinical development of these molecules as analgesic agents. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iriana Galán-Arriero
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Diego Serrano-Muñoz
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Julio Gómez-Soriano
- GIFTO, Nursing and Physiotherapy Faculty, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 45072 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Carlos Goicoechea
- Pharmacology and Nutrition Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julian Taylor
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Stoke Mandeville Spinal Research, National Spinal Injuries Centre, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, HP21 8AL Aylesbury, UK; Harris Manchester College, OX1 3TD University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Ana Velasco
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Gerardo Ávila-Martín
- Sensorimotor Function Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
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Metabolomic Changes in Rat Model of Cauda Equina Injury. World Neurosurg 2017; 102:449-458. [PMID: 28347895 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To show the differences of metabolomic changes in a rat model of cauda equina injury (CEI) and find potent metabolic biomarkers of CEI. METHODS A total of 28 Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. After the rats were given anesthesia and fixed in a prone position, a piece of silicone block was placed into the epidural space below the lamina. Behavior tests including the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan open field locomotor scale and an inclined plane test were conducted 1 day and 2 days after surgery. The cauda equina tissue was collected 12 hours, 1 day, and 2 days after surgery. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for a quantitative analysis of cauda equine metabolic changes in rats from different groups. The differences between the metabolic profiles of the rats in 4 groups were analyzed using partial least squares discriminant analysis. RESULTS In behavior tests and histologic analyses given 2 days after surgery, the animals showed remarkable organ dysfunction and pathologic damage. Metabolic profiles showed remarkable differences between the control and model groups. Thirty-four potential CEI metabolite biomarkers were identified between the control group and different time-point model groups. These potential biomarkers appeared in 15 metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our results may improve the cause of CEI and provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and locating biomarkers in the early stages of the pathologic process of CEI.
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Zhang Z, Ma Z. Saturated fatty acids recognition by the CD14-TLR4-MD2 complex may engage in the presurgical anxiety-induced persistent postsurgical pain. Med Hypotheses 2017; 103:105-107. [PMID: 28571793 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been proved that presurgical anxiety can induce the development and progression of persistent postsurgical pain through elevating circulating corticosterone levels and activating the glucocorticoids receptor. Under stressful circumstances, the concentration of blood saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increases rapidly to provide enough ATP for individuals' survival owing to stress hormones such as glucocorticoid, catecholamine and glucagon. It is reported that SFAs can trigger an inflammatory response through CD14-TLR4-MD2 complex. The role of TLR4 and its downstream signaling pathway has been confirmed in the pathogenesis of cancer pain and inflammatory pain. Furthermore, a newly clinical research uncovers that the children with recurrent abdominal pain, which is triggered by early psychosomatic stress, have higher levels of SFAs than healthy individuals. We therefore put forward the hypothesis that the elevated level of SFAs induced by stress hormones may be engaged in the presurgical anxiety-induced persistent postsurgical pain. If established, it's of important clinical significance, which will make great contributions to the prevention and treatment of the presurgical anxiety-induced persistent postsurgical pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoxia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China.
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Active Nerve Regeneration with Failed Target Reinnervation Drives Persistent Neuropathic Pain. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0008-17. [PMID: 28197545 PMCID: PMC5290455 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0008-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerves can regenerate and, when injured, may cause neuropathic pain. We propose that the active regeneration process plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of neuropathic pain. In one commonly used rodent neuropathic pain model, pronounced pain behaviors follow ligation and cutting of the L5 spinal nerve. We found that the injured nerve regenerates into the sciatic nerve and functionally reinnervates target tissues: the regenerated nerve conducts electrical signals, mechanical responses, and tracers between the leg/hindpaw and axotomized sensory ganglion. The regenerating nerve is the primary source of abnormal spontaneous activity detected in vivo. Disrupting the regeneration inhibited pain. First, semaphorin 3A, an inhibitory axonal guidance molecule, reduced functional regeneration, spontaneous activity, and pain behaviors when applied to the injury site in vivo. Second, knockdown of the upregulated growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) with siRNA injected into the axotomized sensory ganglion reduced pain behaviors. We next examined the spared nerve injury model, in which pain behaviors are essentially permanent. The regeneration resulted in tangled GAP43-positive neuromas at the nerve injury site without target reinnervation. Perfusing the nerve stump with semaphorin 3A, but not removing the tangled fibers, prevented or reversed pain behaviors. This effect far outlasted the semaphorin 3A perfusion. Hence, in this model the long-lasting chronic pain may reflect the anatomical inability of regenerating nerves to successfully reinnervate target tissues, resulting in an ongoing futile regeneration process. We propose that specifically targeting the regeneration process may provide effective long-lasting pain relief in patients when functional reinnervation becomes impossible.
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Liu Y, Chen H, Lu J, Jiang Y, Yang R, Gao S, Dong X, Chen W. Urinary metabolomics of complete Freund's adjuvant-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28058725 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the differences of metabolomics changes in a hyperalgesia model and find potent biomarkers of hyperalgesia. Seven rats were placed in metabolic cages. An emulsion containing 500 μg of Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was used to induce hyperalgesia. Urine samples were collected prior to the injection of CFA and on post-injection days 1, 3 and 7. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography, coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS), was used for a quantitative analysis of urinary metabolic changes in the CFA-induced hyperalgesia model. Differences between the metabolic profiles of the rats in the four groups were analyzed using partial least squares discriminant analysis. Thirty-four potential urine metabolite biomarkers were identified, which changed in a trend similar to the pain threshold. These potential biomarkers were involved in 11 metabolic pathways, as follows: alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; ascorbate and aldarate metabolism; glycerolipid metabolism; glycerophospholipid metabolism; histidine metabolism; phenylalanine metabolism; sphingolipid metabolism; tryptophan metabolism; tyrosine metabolism; valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; and vitamin B6 metabolism. These results may improve our understanding of hyperalgesia and provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis of hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Student Brigade, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Youshui Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Student Brigade, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Songyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Wu Y, Streijger F, Wang Y, Lin G, Christie S, Mac-Thiong JM, Parent S, Bailey CS, Paquette S, Boyd MC, Ailon T, Street J, Fisher CG, Dvorak MF, Kwon BK, Li L. Parallel Metabolomic Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum for Identifying Biomarkers of Injury Severity after Acute Human Spinal Cord Injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38718. [PMID: 27966539 PMCID: PMC5155264 DOI: 10.1038/srep38718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Suffering an acute spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in catastrophic physical and emotional loss. Efforts to translate novel therapies in acute clinical trials are impeded by the SCI community's singular dependence upon functional outcome measures. Therefore, a compelling rationale exists to establish neurochemical biomarkers for the objective classification of injury severity. In this study, CSF and serum samples were obtained at 3 time points (~24, 48, and 72 hours post-injury) from 30 acute SCI patients (10 AIS A, 12 AIS B, and 8 AIS C). A differential chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (CIL LC-MS) with a universal metabolome standard (UMS) was applied to the metabolomic profiling of these samples. This method provided enhanced detection of the amine- and phenol-containing submetabolome. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed dysregulations in arginine-proline metabolism following SCI. Six CSF metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers of baseline injury severity, and good classification performance (AUC > 0.869) was achieved by using combinations of these metabolites in pair-wise comparisons of AIS A, B and C patients. Using the UMS strategy, the current data set can be expanded to a larger cohort for biomarker validation, as well as discovering biomarkers for predicting neurologic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2G2, Canada
| | - Femke Streijger
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Yining Wang
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6T 2E8, Canada
| | - Guohui Lin
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6T 2E8, Canada
| | - Sean Christie
- Division of Neurosurgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax Infirmary, 1796 Summer Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3A7, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boul Gouin O, Montréal, QC, H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Stefan Parent
- Chu Sainte-Justine, Dept. of Surgery, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Christopher S Bailey
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Schulich Medicine &Dentistry, Victoria Hospital 800 Commissioners Road East, Room E4 120, London, ON, N6C 5W9, Canada
| | - Scott Paquette
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Michael C Boyd
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Tamir Ailon
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - John Street
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Charles G Fisher
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Marcel F Dvorak
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Brian K Kwon
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2G2, Canada
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Poland M, Ten Klooster JP, Wang Z, Pieters R, Boekschoten M, Witkamp R, Meijerink J. Docosahexaenoyl serotonin, an endogenously formed n-3 fatty acid-serotonin conjugate has anti-inflammatory properties by attenuating IL-23-IL-17 signaling in macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1861:2020-2028. [PMID: 27663185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Conjugates of fatty acids and amines, including endocannabinoids, are known to play important roles as endogenous signaling molecules. Among these, the ethanolamine conjugate of the n-3 poly unsaturated long chain fatty acid (PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) (DHA) was shown to possess strong anti-inflammatory properties. Previously, we identified the serotonin conjugate of DHA, docosahexaenoyl serotonin (DHA-5-HT), in intestinal tissues and showed that its levels are markedly influenced by intake of n-3 PUFAs. However, its biological roles remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that DHA-5-HT possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties by attenuating the IL-23-IL-17 signaling cascade in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Transcriptome analysis revealed that DHA-5-HT down-regulates LPS-induced genes, particularly those involved in generating a CD4+ Th17 response. Hence, levels of PGE2, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-23, all pivotal macrophage-produced mediators driving the activation of pathogenic Th17 cells in a concerted way, were found to be significantly suppressed by concentrations as low as 100-500nM DHA-5-HT. Furthermore, DHA-5-HT inhibited the ability of RAW264.7 cells to migrate and downregulated chemokines like MCP-1, CCL-20, and gene-expression of CCL-22 and of several metalloproteinases. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested negative overlap with gene sets linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and positive overlap with gene sets related to the Nrf2 pathway. The specific formation of DHA-5-HT in the gut, combined with increasing data underlining the importance of the IL-23-IL-17 signaling pathway in the etiology of many chronic inflammatory diseases merits further investigation into its potential as therapeutic compound in e.g. IBD or intestinal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Poland
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jean Paul Ten Klooster
- Institute for Life Sciences & Chemistry, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Raymond Pieters
- Institute for Life Sciences & Chemistry, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Mark Boekschoten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Renger Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jocelijn Meijerink
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Food-Derived Natural Compounds for Pain Relief in Neuropathic Pain. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7917528. [PMID: 27891521 PMCID: PMC5116524 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7917528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, defined as pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system, is characterized by dysesthesia, hyperalgesia, and allodynia. The number of patients with this type of pain has increased rapidly in recent years. Yet, available neuropathic pain medicines have undesired side effects, such as tolerance and physical dependence, and do not fully alleviate the pain. The mechanisms of neuropathic pain are still not fully understood. Injury causes inflammation and immune responses and changed expression and activity of receptors and ion channels in peripheral nerve terminals. Additionally, neuroinflammation is a known factor in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. During neuropathic pain development, the C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) acts as an important signaling mediator. Traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for treating diseases. We and others have identified food-derived compounds that alleviate neuropathic pain. Here, we review the natural compounds for neuropathic pain relief, their mechanisms of action, and the potential benefits of natural compounds with antagonistic effects on GPCRs, especially those containing CCR2, for neuropathic pain treatment.
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45
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Wagner K, Lee KSS, Yang J, Hammock BD. Epoxy fatty acids mediate analgesia in murine diabetic neuropathy. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:456-465. [PMID: 27634339 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition with no adequate therapy. The health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids are established, however, the role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in limiting pain has only recently been described and the mechanisms of this action remain unknown. DHA is metabolized into epoxydocosapentanoic acids (EDPs) via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes which are substrates for the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme. Here, we tested several hypotheses; first, that the antinociceptive action of DHA is mediated by the EDPs. Second, based on evidence that DHA and CYP450 metabolites elicit analgesia through opioid signalling, we investigated this as a possible mechanism of action. Third, we tested whether the analgesia mediated by epoxy fatty acids had similar rewarding effects as opioid analgesics. METHODS We tested diabetic neuropathic wild-type and sEH null mice in a conditioned place preference assay for their response to EDPs, sEHI and antagonism of these treatments with naloxone, a mu-opioid receptor antagonist. RESULTS The EDPs and sEH inhibitors were efficacious against chronic pain, and naloxone antagonized the action of both EDPs and sEH inhibitors. Despite this antagonism, the sEH inhibitors lacked reward side effects differing from opioids. CONCLUSIONS The EpFA are analgesic against chronic pain differing from opioids which have limited efficacy in chronic conditions. SIGNIFICANCE EDPs and sEHI mediate analgesia in modelled chronic pain and this analgesia is blocked by naloxone. However, unlike opioids, sEHI are highly effective in neuropathic pain models and importantly lack rewarding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - K S S Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
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Kramer JLK, Minhas NK, Jutzeler CR, Erskine ELKS, Liu LJW, Ramer MS. Neuropathic pain following traumatic spinal cord injury: Models, measurement, and mechanisms. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:1295-1306. [PMID: 27617844 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) is notoriously difficult to treat and is a high priority for many in the SCI population. Resolving this issue requires animal models fidelic to the clinical situation in terms of injury mechanism and pain phenotype. This Review discusses the means by which neuropathic pain has been induced and measured in experimental SCI and compares these with human outcomes, showing that there is a substantial disconnection between experimental investigations and clinical findings in a number of features. Clinical injury level is predominantly cervical, whereas injury in the laboratory is modeled mainly at the thoracic cord. Neuropathic pain is primarily spontaneous or tonic in people with SCI (with a relatively smaller incidence of allodynia), but measures of evoked responses (to thermal and mechanical stimuli) are almost exclusively used in animals. There is even the question of whether pain per se has been under investigation in most experimental SCI studies rather than simply enhanced reflex activity with no affective component. This Review also summarizes some of the problems related to clinical assessment of neuropathic pain and how advanced imaging techniques may circumvent a lack of patient/clinician objectivity and discusses possible etiologies of neuropathic pain following SCI based on evidence from both clinical studies and animal models, with examples of cellular and molecular changes drawn from the entire neuraxis from primary afferent terminals to cortical sensory and affective centers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L K Kramer
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nikita K Minhas
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Catherine R Jutzeler
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Erin L K S Erskine
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa J W Liu
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matt S Ramer
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Martini AC, Berta T, Forner S, Chen G, Bento AF, Ji RR, Rae GA. Lipoxin A4 inhibits microglial activation and reduces neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain after spinal cord hemisection. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:75. [PMID: 27059991 PMCID: PMC4826542 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disorder with many disabling consequences, including persistent neuropathic pain, which develops in about 40 % of SCI patients and is induced and sustained by excessive and uncontrolled spinal neuroinflammation. Here, we have evaluated the effects of lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a member of a unique class of endogenous lipid mediators with both anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, on spinal neuroinflammation and chronic pain in an experimental model of SCI. METHODS Spinal hemisection at T10 was carried out in adult male CD1 mice and Wistar rats. To test if LXA4 can reduce neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain, each animal received two intrathecal injections of LXA4 (300 pmol) or vehicle at 4 and 24 h after SCI. Sensitivity to mechanical stimulation of the hind paws was evaluated using von Frey monofilaments, and neuroinflammation was tested by measuring the mRNA and/or protein expression levels of glial markers and cytokines in the spinal cord samples after SCI. Also, microglia cultures prepared from murine cortical tissue were used to assess the direct effects of LXA4 on microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory TNF-α. RESULTS LXA4 treatment caused significant reductions in the intensity of mechanical pain hypersensitivity and spinal expression levels of microglial markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by SCI, when compared to rodents receiving control vehicle injections. Notably, the increased expressions of the microglial marker IBA-1 and of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α were the most affected by the LXA4 treatment. Furthermore, cortical microglial cultures expressed ALX/FPR2 receptors for LXA4 and displayed potentially anti-inflammatory responses upon challenge with LXA4. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggest that LXA4 can effectively modulate microglial activation and TNF-α release through ALX/FPR2 receptors, ultimately reducing neuropathic pain in rodents after spinal cord hemisection. The dual anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of LXA4, allied to its endogenous nature and safety profile, may render this lipid mediator as new therapeutic approach for treating various neuroinflammatory disorders and chronic pain with only limited side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cadete Martini
- />Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-970 Brazil
- />Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- />Present address: Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4545 USA
| | - Temugin Berta
- />Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- />Present address: Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Stefânia Forner
- />Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-970 Brazil
- />Present address: Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4545 USA
| | - Gang Chen
- />Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Allisson Freire Bento
- />Centro de Inovação e Ensaios Pré-Clínicos-CIEnP, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88056-000 Brazil
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- />Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Giles Alexander Rae
- />Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-970 Brazil
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Figueroa JD, Serrano-Illan M, Licero J, Cordero K, Miranda JD, De Leon M. Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 Modulates Docosahexaenoic Acid-Induced Recovery in Rats Undergoing Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2016; 33:1436-49. [PMID: 26715431 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) promote functional recovery in rats undergoing spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the precise molecular mechanism coupling n-3 PUFAs to neurorestorative responses is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the spatiotemporal expression of fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) after contusive SCI and to investigate whether this protein plays a role in n-3 PUFA-mediated functional recovery post-SCI. We found that SCI resulted in a robust spinal cord up-regulation in FABP5 mRNA levels (556 ± 187%) and protein expression (518 ± 195%), when compared to sham-operated rats, at 7 days post-injury (dpi). This upregulation coincided with significant alterations in the metabolism of fatty acids in the injured spinal cord, as revealed by metabolomics-based lipid analyses. In particular, we found increased levels of the n-3 series PUFAs, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6 n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5 n-3) at 7 dpi. Animals consuming a diet rich in DHA and EPA exhibited a significant upregulation in FABP5 mRNA levels at 7 dpi. Immunofluorescence showed low basal FABP5 immunoreactivity in spinal cord ventral gray matter NeuN(+) neurons of sham-operated rats. SCI resulted in a robust induction of FABP5 in glial (GFAP(+), APC(+), and NG2(+)) and precursor cells (DCX(+), nestin(+)). We found that continuous intrathecal administration of FABP5 silencing with small interfering RNA (2 μg) impaired spontaneous open-field locomotion post-SCI. Further, FABP5 siRNA administration hindered the beneficial effects of DHA to ameliorate functional recovery at 7 dpi. Altogether, our findings suggest that FABP5 may be an important player in the promotion of cellular uptake, transport, and/or metabolism of DHA post-SCI. Given the beneficial roles of n-3 PUFAs in ameliorating functional recovery, we propose that FABP5 is an important contributor to basic repair mechanisms in the injured spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny D Figueroa
- 1 Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine , Loma Linda, California
| | - Miguel Serrano-Illan
- 1 Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine , Loma Linda, California
| | - Jenniffer Licero
- 1 Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine , Loma Linda, California
| | - Kathia Cordero
- 1 Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine , Loma Linda, California
| | - Jorge D Miranda
- 2 Physiology Department, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus , San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Marino De Leon
- 1 Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine , Loma Linda, California
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Finco G, Locci E, Mura P, Massa R, Noto A, Musu M, Landoni G, d’Aloja E, De-Giorgio F, Scano P, Evangelista M. Can Urine Metabolomics Be Helpful in Differentiating Neuropathic and Nociceptive Pain? A Proof-of-Concept Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150476. [PMID: 26934501 PMCID: PMC4775074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of pain nature is a troublesome task and a wrong attribution often leads to an increase of costs and to avoidable pharmaceutical adverse reactions. An objective and specific approach to achieve this diagnosis is highly desirable. The aim of this work was to investigate urine samples collected from patients suffering from pain of different nature by a metabolomics approach based on 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis. We performed a prospective study on 74 subjects: 37 suffering from pain (12 with nociceptive and 25 with neuropathic pain), and 37 controls not suffering from any kind of chronic pain. The application of discriminant analysis on the urine spectral profiles allowed us to classify these two types of pain with high sensibility and specificity. Although the classification relies on the global urine metabolic profile, the individual contribution in discriminating neuropathic pain patients of metabolites such as choline and phosphocholine, taurine and alanine, suggests potential lesions to the nervous system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a urine metabolomics profile is used to classify these two kinds of pain. This methodology, although based on a limited sample, may constitute the basis for a new helpful tool in the clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Finco
- Department of Medical Sciences “M. Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Locci
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Mura
- Department of Medical Sciences “M. Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Roberta Massa
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Noto
- Department of Surgery, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Musu
- Department of Medical Sciences “M. Aresu”, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ernesto d’Aloja
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio De-Giorgio
- Public Health Institute, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Scano
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Huang CT, Tsai YJ. Docosahexaenoic acid confers analgesic effects after median nerve injury via inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation in microglia. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 29:97-106. [PMID: 26895670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the central nervous system plays a critical role in the processing of neuropathic pain. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a predominant omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the central nervous system, has a neuroprotective efficacy. In this study, we examined the relationships between JNK activation in the cuneate nucleus (CN) and behavioral hypersensitivity after chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the median nerve. We further investigated the effects of DHA administration on JNK activation and development of hypersensitivity. Using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, low levels of phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) were detected in the CN of sham-operated rats. As early as 1 day after CCI, p-JNK levels in the ipsilateral CN were significantly increased and peaked at 7 days. Double-immunofluorescence labeling with cell-specific markers showed that p-JNK immunoreactive cells coexpressed OX-42, a microglia activation marker, suggesting the expression of p-JNK in the microglia. Microinjection of SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, into the CN 1 day after CCI attenuated injury-induced behavioral hypersensitivity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, animals received intravenous injection of DHA at doses of 100, 250 or 500 nmol/kg 30 min after median nerve CCI. DHA treatment decreased p-JNK and OX-42 levels, diminished the release of proinflammatory cytokines and improved behavioral hypersensitivity following CCI. In conclusion, median nerve injury-induced microglial JNK activation in the CN modulated development of behavioral hypersensitivity. DHA has analgesic effects on neuropathic pain, at least in part, by means of suppressing a microglia-mediated inflammatory response through the inhibition of JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ta Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Traumatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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