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de Bruyn A, Montagnese F, Holm-Yildiz S, Scharff Poulsen N, Stojkovic T, Behin A, Palmio J, Jokela M, De Bleecker JL, de Visser M, van der Kooi AJ, Ten Dam L, Domínguez González C, Maggi L, Gallone A, Kostera-Pruszczyk A, Macias A, Łusakowska A, Nedkova V, Olive M, Álvarez-Velasco R, Wanschitz J, Paradas C, Mavillard F, Querin G, Fernández-Eulate G, Quinlivan R, Walter MC, Depuydt CE, Udd B, Vissing J, Schoser B, Claeys KG. Anoctamin-5 related muscle disease: clinical and genetic findings in a large European cohort. Brain 2023; 146:3800-3815. [PMID: 36913258 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin-5 related muscle disease is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the anoctamin-5 gene (ANO5) and shows variable clinical phenotypes: limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 12 (LGMD-R12), distal muscular dystrophy type 3 (MMD3), pseudometabolic myopathy or asymptomatic hyperCKaemia. In this retrospective, observational, multicentre study we gathered a large European cohort of patients with ANO5-related muscle disease to study the clinical and genetic spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations. We included 234 patients from 212 different families, contributed by 15 centres from 11 European countries. The largest subgroup was LGMD-R12 (52.6%), followed by pseudometabolic myopathy (20.5%), asymptomatic hyperCKaemia (13.7%) and MMD3 (13.2%). In all subgroups, there was a male predominance, except for pseudometabolic myopathy. Median age at symptom onset of all patients was 33 years (range 23-45 years). The most frequent symptoms at onset were myalgia (35.3%) and exercise intolerance (34.1%), while at last clinical evaluation most frequent symptoms and signs were proximal lower limb weakness (56.9%) and atrophy (38.1%), myalgia (45.1%) and atrophy of the medial gastrocnemius muscle (38.4%). Most patients remained ambulatory (79.4%). At last evaluation, 45.9% of patients with LGMD-R12 additionally had distal weakness in the lower limbs and 48.4% of patients with MMD3 also showed proximal lower limb weakness. Age at symptom onset did not differ significantly between males and females. However, males had a higher risk of using walking aids earlier (P = 0.035). No significant association was identified between sportive versus non-sportive lifestyle before symptom onset and age at symptom onset nor any of the motor outcomes. Cardiac and respiratory involvement that would require treatment occurred very rarely. Ninety-nine different pathogenic variants were identified in ANO5 of which 25 were novel. The most frequent variants were c.191dupA (p.Asn64Lysfs*15) (57.7%) and c.2272C>T (p.Arg758Cys) (11.1%). Patients with two loss-of function variants used walking aids at a significantly earlier age (P = 0.037). Patients homozygous for the c.2272C>T variant showed a later use of walking aids compared to patients with other variants (P = 0.043). We conclude that there was no correlation of the clinical phenotype with the specific genetic variants, and that LGMD-R12 and MMD3 predominantly affect males who have a significantly worse motor outcome. Our study provides useful information for clinical follow up of the patients and for the design of clinical trials with novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander de Bruyn
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Federica Montagnese
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Holm-Yildiz
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center (CNMC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Scharff Poulsen
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center (CNMC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders Nord/Est/Île-de-France, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Anthony Behin
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders Nord/Est/Île-de-France, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Johanna Palmio
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Manu Jokela
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jan L De Bleecker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Gent, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Marianne de Visser
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Neuroscience Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1107 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke J van der Kooi
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Neuroscience Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1107 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leroy Ten Dam
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Neuroscience Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1107 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Domínguez González
- Reference Center for Rare Neuromuscular Disorders, imas12 Research Institute, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Biomedical Network Research Center on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Gallone
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Anna Macias
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Łusakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Velina Nedkova
- Department of Neurology, Bellvitge Hospital, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Olive
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sat Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Álvarez-Velasco
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sat Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Wanschitz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carmen Paradas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fabiola Mavillard
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Giorgia Querin
- Institut de Myologie, I-Motion Adult ClinicalTrials Platform, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gorka Fernández-Eulate
- Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders Nord/Est/Île-de-France, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Ros Quinlivan
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Maggie C Walter
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christophe E Depuydt
- Laboratory for Muscle Diseases and Neuropathies, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - John Vissing
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center (CNMC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Kristl G Claeys
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Muscle Diseases and Neuropathies, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Sakuragi T, Nagata S. Regulation of phospholipid distribution in the lipid bilayer by flippases and scramblases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023:10.1038/s41580-023-00604-z. [PMID: 37106071 PMCID: PMC10134735 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Cellular membranes function as permeability barriers that separate cells from the external environment or partition cells into distinct compartments. These membranes are lipid bilayers composed of glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and cholesterol, in which proteins are embedded. Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids freely move laterally, whereas transverse movement between lipid bilayers is limited. Phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed between membrane leaflets but change their location in biological processes, serving as signalling molecules or enzyme activators. Designated proteins - flippases and scramblases - mediate this lipid movement between the bilayers. Flippases mediate the confined localization of specific phospholipids (phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidylethanolamine) to the cytoplasmic leaflet. Scramblases randomly scramble phospholipids between leaflets and facilitate the exposure of PtdSer on the cell surface, which serves as an important signalling molecule and as an 'eat me' signal for phagocytes. Defects in flippases and scramblases cause various human diseases. We herein review the recent research on the structure of flippases and scramblases and their physiological roles. Although still poorly understood, we address the mechanisms by which they translocate phospholipids between lipid bilayers and how defects cause human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Sakuragi
- Biochemistry & Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Nagata
- Biochemistry & Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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Savarese M, Jokela M, Udd B. Distal myopathy. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:497-519. [PMID: 37562883 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are a group of genetic, primary muscle diseases. Patients develop progressive weakness and atrophy of the muscles of forearm, hands, lower leg, or feet. Currently, over 20 different forms, presenting a variable age of onset, clinical presentation, disease progression, muscle involvement, and histological findings, are known. Some of them are dominant and some recessive. Different variants in the same gene are often associated with either dominant or recessive forms, although there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlations. This chapter provides a description of the clinicopathologic and genetic aspects of distal myopathies emphasizing known etiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manu Jokela
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.
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Younger DS. Neonatal and infantile hypotonia. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:401-423. [PMID: 37562880 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The underlying etiology of neonatal and infantile hypotonia can be divided into primary peripheral and central nervous system and acquired or genetic disorders. The approach to identifying the likeliest cause of hypotonia begins with a bedside assessment followed by a careful review of the birth history and early development and family pedigree and obtaining available genetic studies and age- and disease-appropriate laboratory investigations. Until about a decade ago, the main goal was to identify the clinical signs and a battery of basic investigations including electrophysiology to confirm or exclude a given neuromuscular disorder, however the availability of whole-exome sequencing and next generation sequencing and transcriptome sequencing has simplified the identification of specific underlying genetic defect and improved the accuracy of diagnosis in many related Mendelian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Younger
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Neurology, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, NY, United States.
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Soontrapa P, Liewluck T. Anoctamin 5 (ANO5) Muscle Disorders: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101736. [PMID: 36292621 PMCID: PMC9602132 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoctaminopathy-5 refers to a group of hereditary skeletal muscle or bone disorders due to mutations in the anoctamin 5 (ANO5)-encoding gene, ANO5. ANO5 is a 913-amino acid protein of the anoctamin family that functions predominantly in phospholipid scrambling and plays a key role in the sarcolemmal repairing process. Monoallelic mutations in ANO5 give rise to an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplastic syndrome (gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia or GDD), while its biallelic mutations underlie a continuum of four autosomal recessive muscle phenotypes: (1). limb–girdle muscular dystrophy type R12 (LGMDR12); (2). Miyoshi distal myopathy type 3 (MMD3); (3). metabolic myopathy-like (pseudometabolic) phenotype; (4). asymptomatic hyperCKemia. ANO5 muscle disorders are rare, but their prevalence is relatively high in northern European populations because of the founder mutation c.191dupA. Weakness is generally asymmetric and begins in proximal muscles in LGMDR12 and in distal muscles in MMD3. Patients with the pseudometabolic or asymptomatic hyperCKemia phenotype have no weakness, but conversion to the LGMDR12 or MMD3 phenotype may occur as the disease progresses. There is no clear genotype–phenotype correlation. Muscle biopsy displays a broad spectrum of pathology, ranging from normal to severe dystrophic changes. Intramuscular interstitial amyloid deposits are observed in approximately half of the patients. Symptomatic and supportive strategies remain the mainstay of treatment. The recent development of animal models of ANO5 muscle diseases could help achieve a better understanding of their underlying pathomechanisms and provide an invaluable resource for therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannathat Soontrapa
- Division of Neuromuscular Medicine, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Teerin Liewluck
- Division of Neuromuscular Medicine, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence:
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Katz M, Garton FC, Davis M, Henderson RD, McCombe PA. Novel Variants of ANO5 in Two Patients With Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy: Case Report. Front Neurol 2022; 13:868655. [PMID: 35463132 PMCID: PMC9033199 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.868655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report on two unrelated adult patients presenting with Limb girdle muscular dystrophy who were found to have novel variants in ANO5. Both patients had prominent weakness of their proximal lower limbs with mild weakness of elbow flexion and markedly elevated creatine kinase. Next generation sequencing using a custom-designed neuromuscular panel was performed in both patients. In one patient, 336 genes were targeted for casual variants and in the other patient (using a later panel design), 464 genes were targeted. One patient was homozygous for a novel splice variant [c.294+5G>A; p.(Ala98Ins4*)] in ANO5. Another patient was compound heterozygous for two variants in ANO5; a common frameshift variant [c.191dupA; p.(Asn64fs)] and a novel missense variant [c.952G>C; p.(Ala318Pro)]. These findings support the utility of next generation sequencing in the diagnosis of patients presenting with a Limb girdle muscular dystrophy phenotype and extends the genotypic spectrum of ANO5 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Katz
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Matthew Katz
| | - Fleur C. Garton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Davis
- Department of Diagnostic Genomics, Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert D. Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pamela A. McCombe
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Foltz S, Wu F, Ghazal N, Kwong JQ, Hartzell HC, Choo HJ. Sex differences in the involvement of skeletal and cardiac muscles in myopathic Ano5-/- mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C283-C295. [PMID: 35020501 PMCID: PMC8836717 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00350.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R12 (LGMD-R12) is caused by recessive mutations in the Anoctamin-5 gene (ANO5, TMEM16E). Although ANO5 myopathy is not X-chromosome linked, we performed a meta-analysis of the research literature and found that three-quarters of patients with LGMD-R12 are males. Females are less likely to present with moderate to severe skeletal muscle and/or cardiac pathology. Because these sex differences could be explained in several ways, we compared males and females in a mouse model of LGMD-R12. This model recapitulates the sex differences in human LGMD-R12. Only male Ano5-/- mice had elevated serum creatine kinase after exercise and exhibited defective membrane repair after laser injury. In contrast, by these measures, female Ano5-/- mice were indistinguishable from wild type. Despite these differences, both male and female Ano5-/- mice exhibited exercise intolerance. Although exercise intolerance of male mice can be explained by skeletal muscle dysfunction, echocardiography revealed that Ano5-/- female mice had features of cardiomyopathy that may be responsible for their exercise intolerance. These findings heighten concerns that mutations of ANO5 in humans may be linked to cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Foltz
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nasab Ghazal
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer Q Kwong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - H Criss Hartzell
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hyojung J Choo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Christiansen J, Güttsches AK, Schara-Schmidt U, Vorgerd M, Heute C, Preusse C, Stenzel W, Roos A. ANO5-related muscle diseases: from clinics and genetics to pathology and research strategies. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1506-1520. [PMID: 36157496 PMCID: PMC9485283 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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9
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Our aim was to develop a new module for assessing the floppy infant, to describe the application of the module in a cohort of low-risk newborns and piloting the module in a cohort of floppy infants. The module was applied to a cohort of 143 low-risk newborns and piloted in in a cohort of 24 floppy infants. The new add-on module includes a neurological section and provides a section for recording information obtained by physical examination and antenatal history. For each item, column 1 reports abnormal findings, column 3 normal findings, and column 2 intermediate signs to be followed. Consistent with previous studies, in low-risk infants, none had definitely abnormal or mildly abnormal signs, with the exception of tendon reflexes that were not easily elicitable in 17.14% of term-born infants. CONCLUSION Our study suggest that the module can be easily used in a clinical setting as an add-on to the regular neonatal neurological examination in newborns identified as hypotonic on routine examination. Larger cohorts are needed to establish the accuracy of the prognostic value of the module in the differential diagnosis of floppy infant. WHAT IS KNOWN • Hypotonia is one of the key signs in newborns with neuromuscular disorders and can be associated with a wide range of other conditions (central nervous system involvement, genetic and metabolic diseases). • Weakness or/and contractures can identify infants with a neuromuscular disorder and help in the differential diagnosis of floppy infants. WHAT IS NEW • To date, this is the first attempt to develop and apply a specific neurological module for the assessment of the floppy infant. • The module can be used in a routine clinical setting as an add-on to the regular neurological examination and has potential to differentiate the floppy infants from the low-risk infants.
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Sharma M, Mahajan S, Dhall A, Jassal B, Saluja A, Faruq M, Suri V, Rajan R, Vishnu V. Anoctamin-5 Muscular Dystrophy: Report of Two Cases with Different Phenotypes and Genotypes from the Indian Subcontinent. Neurol India 2022; 70:2169-2173. [DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.359155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Boccaccio A, Picco C, Di Zanni E, Scholz-Starke J. Phospholipid scrambling by a TMEM16 homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS J 2021; 289:2578-2592. [PMID: 34775680 PMCID: PMC9299152 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Membrane asymmetry is important for cellular physiology and established by energy‐dependent unidirectional lipid translocases, which have diverse physiological functions in plants. By contrast, the role of phospholipid scrambling (PLS), the passive bidirectional lipid transfer leading to the break‐down of membrane asymmetry, is currently still unexplored. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains a single gene (At1g73020) with homology to the eukaryotic TMEM16 family of Ca2+‐activated phospholipid scramblases. Here, we investigated the protein function of this Arabidopsis homolog. Fluorescent AtTMEM16 fusions localized to the ER both in transiently expressing Arabidopsis protoplasts and HEK293 cells. A putative scrambling domain (SCRD) was identified on the basis of sequence conservation and conferred PLS to transfected HEK293 cells, when grafted into the backbone of the non‐scrambling plasma membrane‐localized TMEM16A chloride channel. Finally, AtTMEM16 ‘gain‐of‐function’ variants gave rise to cellular phenotypes typical of aberrant scramblase activity, which were reversed by the additional introduction of a ‘loss‐of‐function’ mutation into the SCRD. In conclusion, our data suggest AtTMEM16 works as an ER‐resident lipid scramblase in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boccaccio
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Picco
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Di Zanni
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
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Gemelli C, Traverso M, Trevisan L, Fabbri S, Scarsi E, Carlini B, Prada V, Mongini T, Ruggiero L, Patrone S, Gallone S, Iodice R, Pisciotta L, Zara F, Origone P, Rota E, Minetti C, Bruno C, Schenone A, Mandich P, Fiorillo C, Grandis M. An integrated approach to the evaluation of patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic hyperCKemia. Muscle Nerve 2021; 65:96-104. [PMID: 34687219 PMCID: PMC9298868 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction/Aims Currently, there are no straightforward guidelines for the clinical and diagnostic management of hyperCKemia, a frequent and nonspecific presentation in muscle diseases. Therefore, we aimed to describe our diagnostic workflow for evaluating patients with this condition. Methods We selected 83 asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients with persistent hyperCKemia for participation in this Italian multicenter study. Patients with facial involvement and distal or congenital myopathies were excluded, as were patients with suspected inflammatory myopathies or predominant respiratory or cardiac involvement. All patients underwent a neurological examination and nerve conduction and electromyography studies. The first step of the investigation included a screening for Pompe disease. We then evaluated the patients for myotonic dystrophy type II–related CCTG expansion and excluded patients with copy number variations in the DMD gene. Subsequently, the undiagnosed patients were investigated using a target gene panel that included 20 genes associated with isolated hyperCKemia. Results Using this approach, we established a definitive diagnosis in one third of the patients. The detection rate was higher in patients with severe hyperCKemia and abnormal electromyographic findings. Discussion We have described our diagnostic workflow for isolated hyperCKemia, which is based on electrodiagnostic data, biochemical screening, and first‐line genetic investigations, followed by successive targeted sequencing panels. Both clinical signs and electromyographic abnormalities are associated with increased diagnostic yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gemelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Traverso
- Paediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisan
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Fabbri
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elena Scarsi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Carlini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Prada
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Mongini
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurosciences Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II,", Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Patrone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gallone
- Neurogenetic Service, Department of Neurosciences, AOU Città della salute e della scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Rosa Iodice
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II,", Naples, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Unit of Medical Genetics IRCCS G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Origone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Eugenia Rota
- Neurology Unit, ASL Alessandria, Novi Ligure, Italy
| | - Carlo Minetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Centre of Experimental and Translational Myology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Mandich
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Grandis
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genova, Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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13
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Thiruvengadam G, Sreetama SC, Charton K, Hogarth M, Novak JS, Suel-Petat L, Chandra G, Allard B, Richard I, Jaiswal JK. Anoctamin 5 Knockout Mouse Model Recapitulates LGMD2L Muscle Pathology and Offers Insight Into in vivo Functional Deficits. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:S243-S255. [PMID: 34633328 PMCID: PMC8673513 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the Anoctamin 5 (Ano5) gene that result in the lack of expression or function of ANO5 protein, cause Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD) 2L/R12, and Miyoshi Muscular Dystrophy (MMD3). However, the dystrophic phenotype observed in patient muscles is not uniformly recapitulated by ANO5 knockout in animal models of LGMD2L. Here we describe the generation of a mouse model of LGMD2L generated by targeted out-of-frame deletion of the Ano5 gene. This model shows progressive muscle loss, increased muscle weakness, and persistent bouts of myofiber regeneration without chronic muscle inflammation, which recapitulates the mild to moderate skeletal muscle dystrophy reported in the LGMD2L patients. We show that these features of ANO5 deficient muscle are not associated with a change in the calcium-activated sarcolemmal chloride channel activity or compromised in vivo regenerative myogenesis. Use of this mouse model allows conducting in vivo investigations into the functional role of ANO5 in muscle health and for preclinical therapeutic development for LGMD2L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girija Thiruvengadam
- Center of Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, MW Washington, DC
| | - Sen Chandra Sreetama
- Center of Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, MW Washington, DC
| | - Karine Charton
- Généthon INSERM, U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit, University Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Marshall Hogarth
- Center of Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, MW Washington, DC
| | - James S Novak
- Center of Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, MW Washington, DC.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC
| | - Laurence Suel-Petat
- Généthon INSERM, U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit, University Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Goutam Chandra
- Center of Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, MW Washington, DC
| | - Bruno Allard
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyoGene, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Richard
- Généthon INSERM, U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit, University Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center of Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, MW Washington, DC.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC
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14
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Holm-Yildiz S, Witting N, de Stricker Borch J, Kass K, Khawajazada T, Krag T, Vissing J. Muscle biopsy and MRI findings in ANO5-related myopathy. Muscle Nerve 2021; 64:743-748. [PMID: 34550615 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Mutations in the anoctamin 5 (ANO5) gene are a common cause of muscular dystrophy. We aimed to investigate whether inflammatory changes in muscle are present in patients with ANO5 myopathy when assessed by muscle biopsy and muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Adults with pathogenic variations in ANO5 known to cause muscular dystrophy were included in our study. Muscle biopsies of pelvic and lower extremity muscles were reviewed retrospectively. Muscle MR short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) images of a subset of these patients were obtained prospectively. RESULTS Muscle biopsies from 24 patients were reviewed. MR STIR images were performed in 17 of these patients. We found inflammatory changes in muscle biopsies of three patients and MRI revealed hyperintense signals on STIR images in 14 of 17 patients. DISCUSSION In this study, we found that muscle edema is very common in patients with ANO5 myopathy and that some patients have inflammatory changes in muscle biopsies. Further studies are needed to determine whether the STIR+ lesions reflect inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Holm-Yildiz
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Witting
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Josefine de Stricker Borch
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konni Kass
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tahmina Khawajazada
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Krag
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Vissing
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Diagnostic muscle biopsies in the era of genetics: the added value of myopathology in a selection of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy patients. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:1019-1033. [PMID: 33400223 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the second most common dystrophy associated with predominant pelvic and shoulder girdle muscle weakness termed Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD), genetic complexity, large phenotypic variability, and clinical overlap can result in extensive diagnostic delays in certain individuals. In view of the large strides genetics has taken in this day and age, we address the question if muscle biopsies can still provide diagnostic evidence of substance for these patients. We reviewed and reanalyzed muscle biopsy characteristics in a cohort of LGMD patient pairs in which gene variants were picked up in CAPN3, FKRP, TTN, and ANO5, using histochemical-immunohistochemical-and immunofluorescent staining, and western blotting. We found that not the nature and severity of inflammatory changes, but the changed properties of the dystrophin complex were the most valuable assets to differentiate LGMD from myositis. Proteomic evaluation brought both primary and secondary deficiencies to light, which could be equally revealing for diagnosis. Though a muscle biopsy might, at present, not always be strictly necessary anymore, it still represents an irrefutable asset when the genetic diagnosis is complicated.
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16
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Cochran M, East K, Greve V, Kelly M, Kelley W, Moore T, Myers RM, Odom K, Schroeder MC, Bick D. A study of elective genome sequencing and pharmacogenetic testing in an unselected population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1766. [PMID: 34313030 PMCID: PMC8457704 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome sequencing (GS) of individuals without a medical indication, known as elective GS, is now available at a number of centers around the United States. Here we report the results of elective GS and pharmacogenetic panel testing in 52 individuals at a private genomics clinic in Alabama. METHODS Individuals seeking elective genomic testing and pharmacogenetic testing were recruited through a private genomics clinic in Huntsville, AL. Individuals underwent clinical genome sequencing with a separate pharmacogenetic testing panel. RESULTS Six participants (11.5%) had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants that may explain one or more aspects of their medical history. Ten participants (19%) had variants that altered the risk of disease in the future, including two individuals with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. Forty-four participants (85%) were carriers of a recessive or X-linked disorder. All individuals with pharmacogenetic testing had variants that affected current and/or future medications. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the importance of collecting detailed phenotype information to interpret results in elective GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan Cochran
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Kelly East
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Veronica Greve
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Melissa Kelly
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Whitley Kelley
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Troy Moore
- Kailos Genetics, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Katherine Odom
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Molly C Schroeder
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - David Bick
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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17
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Vázquez J, Lefeuvre C, Escobar RE, Luna Angulo AB, Miranda Duarte A, Delia Hernandez A, Brisset M, Carlier RY, Leturcq F, Durand-Canard MC, Nicolas G, Laforet P, Malfatti E. Phenotypic Spectrum of Myopathies with Recessive Anoctamin-5 Mutations. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 7:443-451. [PMID: 32925086 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic variants in Anoctamin 5 (ANO5) gene are causative of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) R12 anoctamin5-related, non-dysferlin Miyoshi-like distal myopathy (MMD3), and asymptomatic hyperCKemia. OBJECTIVE To describe clinic, histologic, genetic and imaging features, of ANO5 mutated patients. METHODS Five patients, four from France (P1, P2, P3 and P4) and one from Mexico (P5), from four families were included. P1 and P2, belonging to group 1, had normal muscle strength; Group 2, P3, P4 and P5, presented with muscular weakness. Muscle strength was measured by manual muscle testing, Medical Research Council (MRC) grades 1/5 to 5/5. Laboratory exams included serum CK levels, nerve conduction studies (NCS)/needle electromyography (EMG), pulmonary function tests, EKG and cardiac ultrasound. ANO5 molecular screening was performed with different approaches. RESULTS Group 1 patients showed myalgias with hyperCKemia or isolated hyperCKemia. Group 2 patients presented with limb-girdle or proximo-distal muscular weakness. Serum CK levels ranged from 897 to 5000 UI/L. Muscle biopsy analysis in P4 and P5 showed subsarcolemmal mitochondrial aggregates. Electron microscopy confirmed mitochondrial proliferation and revealed discontinuity of the sarcolemmal membrane. Muscle MRI showed asymmetrical fibro-fatty substitution predominant in the lower limbs.P1 and P2 were compound heterozygous for c.191dupA (p.Asn64Lysfs*15) and c.1898 + G>A; P3 was homozygous for the c.692G>T. (p.Gly231Val); P4 harbored a novel biallelic homozygous exons 1-7 ANO5 gene deletion, and P5 was homozygous for a c.172 C > T (p.(Arg 58 Trp)) ANO5 pathogenic variant. CONCLUSIONS Our cohort confirms the wide clinical variability and enlarge the genetic spectrum of ANO5-related myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Vázquez
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Rehabilitation Institute, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", México.,APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, North-East-Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center, U 1179 INSERM, University Saint Quentin en Yvelines Versailles; Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Claire Lefeuvre
- APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, North-East-Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center, U 1179 INSERM, University Saint Quentin en Yvelines Versailles; Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Rosa Elena Escobar
- Department of Electromyography and Muscle Dystrophies, National Rehabilitation Institute, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", México
| | | | - Antonio Miranda Duarte
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Rehabilitation Institute, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", México
| | - Alma Delia Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, National Rehabilitation Institute, "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", México
| | - Marion Brisset
- APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, North-East-Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center, U 1179 INSERM, University Saint Quentin en Yvelines Versailles; Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Robert-Yves Carlier
- APHP, GH U. Paris Saclay, DMU Smart Imaging, Department of Radiology, Raymond Poincaré teaching Hospital, 104 Bld R. Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France; U 1179 INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay
| | - France Leturcq
- APHP, Department of Genetics, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Durand-Canard
- APHP, Service of Physiological Explorations Raymond Poincaré Hospital, 104 Bld Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Guillaume Nicolas
- APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, North-East-Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center, U 1179 INSERM, University Saint Quentin en Yvelines Versailles; Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Pascal Laforet
- APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, North-East-Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center, U 1179 INSERM, University Saint Quentin en Yvelines Versailles; Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- APHP, Department of Neurology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, North-East-Ile-de-France Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center, U 1179 INSERM, University Saint Quentin en Yvelines Versailles; Paris-Saclay, France
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18
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Shaibani A, Khan S, Shinawi M. Autosomal Dominant ANO5-Related Disorder Associated With Myopathy and Gnathodiaphyseal Dysplasia. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2021; 7:e612. [PMID: 34291158 PMCID: PMC8290902 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the molecular basis of muscle disease and gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) in a large kindred with 11 (6 women and 5 men) affected family members. Methods We performed clinical assessment of 3 patients and collected detailed clinical and family history data on 8 additional patients. We conducted molecular genetic analyses on 5 patients using comprehensive neuromuscular disorder panels, exome sequencing (ES), and targeted testing for specific genetic variants. We analyzed the segregation of the muscle and bone phenotypes with the underlying molecular cause. Results The unique clinical presentation of recurrent episodes of rhabdomyolysis associated with muscle cramps, hyperCKemia, muscle hypertrophy, with absent or mild muscle weakness, as well as cemento-osseous lesions of the mandible, with or without bone fractures and other skeletal abnormalities, prompted us to look for the underlying molecular cause of the disorder in this kindred. Molecular testing revealed a missense variant in anoctamin 5 (ANO5) designated as c.1538C>T; p.Thr513Ile, which was previously described in a large kindred with GDD. In silico analysis, searching publicly available databases, segregation analysis, as well as functional studies performed by another group provide strong evidence for pathogenicity of the variant. ES data in the proband excluded the contribution of additional genetic factors. Conclusions This report described the coexistence of muscle and bone phenotypes in the same patients with ANO5-related disorder. Our data challenge recent results that suggested complete dichotomy of these phenotypes and the proposed loss-of-function and gain-of-function mechanisms for the skeletal and muscle phenotypes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Shaibani
- Departments of Medicine, Nerve and Muscle Center of Texas (A.S.); Baylor College of Medicine (A.S.), Houston; Department of Neurology (S.K.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine (M.S.), Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, MO
| | - Shaida Khan
- Departments of Medicine, Nerve and Muscle Center of Texas (A.S.); Baylor College of Medicine (A.S.), Houston; Department of Neurology (S.K.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine (M.S.), Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, MO
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Departments of Medicine, Nerve and Muscle Center of Texas (A.S.); Baylor College of Medicine (A.S.), Houston; Department of Neurology (S.K.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine (M.S.), Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, MO
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19
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Yubero D, Natera-de Benito D, Pijuan J, Armstrong J, Martorell L, Fernàndez G, Maynou J, Jou C, Roldan M, Ortez C, Nascimento A, Hoenicka J, Palau F. The Increasing Impact of Translational Research in the Molecular Diagnostics of Neuromuscular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4274. [PMID: 33924139 PMCID: PMC8074304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) has been progressively evolving from the grouping of clinical symptoms and signs towards the molecular definition. Optimal clinical, biochemical, electrophysiological, electrophysiological, and histopathological characterization is very helpful to achieve molecular diagnosis, which is essential for establishing prognosis, treatment and genetic counselling. Currently, the genetic approach includes both the gene-targeted analysis in specific clinically recognizable diseases, as well as genomic analysis based on next-generation sequencing, analyzing either the clinical exome/genome or the whole exome or genome. However, as of today, there are still many patients in whom the causative genetic variant cannot be definitely established and variants of uncertain significance are often found. In this review, we address these drawbacks by incorporating two additional biological omics approaches into the molecular diagnostic process of NMDs. First, functional genomics by introducing experimental cell and molecular biology to analyze and validate the variant for its biological effect in an in-house translational diagnostic program, and second, incorporating a multi-omics approach including RNA-seq, metabolomics, and proteomics in the molecular diagnosis of neuromuscular disease. Both translational diagnostics programs and omics are being implemented as part of the diagnostic process in academic centers and referral hospitals and, therefore, an increase in the proportion of neuromuscular patients with a molecular diagnosis is expected. This improvement in the process and diagnostic performance of patients will allow solving aspects of their health problems in a precise way and will allow them and their families to take a step forward in their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dèlia Yubero
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Daniel Natera-de Benito
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.N.-d.B.); (C.O.)
| | - Jordi Pijuan
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Judith Armstrong
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Loreto Martorell
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Guerau Fernàndez
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Joan Maynou
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Cristina Jou
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Pediatric Biobank for Research, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mònica Roldan
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Confocal Microscopy and Cellular Imaging Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Ortez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.N.-d.B.); (C.O.)
- Division of Pediatrics, Clinic Institute of Medicine & Dermatology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.N.-d.B.); (C.O.)
| | - Janet Hoenicka
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Francesc Palau
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (D.Y.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (G.F.); (J.M.); (M.R.)
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular Medicine—IPER, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Pediatric Biobank for Research, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
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20
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Foltz SJ, Cui YY, Choo HJ, Hartzell HC. ANO5 ensures trafficking of annexins in wounded myofibers. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202007059. [PMID: 33496727 PMCID: PMC7844426 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202007059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in ANO5 (TMEM16E) cause limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R12. Defective plasma membrane repair is a likely mechanism. Using myofibers from Ano5 knockout mice, we show that trafficking of several annexin proteins, which together form a cap at the site of injury, is altered upon loss of ANO5. Annexin A2 accumulates at the wound to nearly twice the level observed in WT fibers, while annexin A6 accumulation is substantially inhibited in the absence of ANO5. Appearance of annexins A1 and A5 at the cap is likewise diminished in the Ano5 knockout. These changes are correlated with an alteration in annexin repair cap fine structure and shedding of annexin-positive vesicles. We conclude that loss of annexin coordination during repair is disrupted in Ano5 knockout mice and underlies the defective repair phenotype. Although ANO5 is a phospholipid scramblase, abnormal repair is rescued by overexpression of a scramblase-defective ANO5 mutant, suggesting a novel, scramblase-independent role of ANO5 in repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyojung J. Choo
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - H. Criss Hartzell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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21
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Savarese M, Sarparanta J, Vihola A, Jonson PH, Johari M, Rusanen S, Hackman P, Udd B. Panorama of the distal myopathies. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2020; 39:245-265. [PMID: 33458580 PMCID: PMC7783427 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are genetic primary muscle disorders with a prominent weakness at onset in hands and/or feet. The age of onset (from early childhood to adulthood), the distribution of muscle weakness (upper versus lower limbs) and the histological findings (ranging from nonspecific myopathic changes to myofibrillar disarrays and rimmed vacuoles) are extremely variable. However, despite being characterized by a wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity, the distal myopathies are a category of muscular dystrophies: genetic diseases with progressive loss of muscle fibers. Myopathic congenital arthrogryposis is also a form of distal myopathy usually caused by focal amyoplasia. Massive parallel sequencing has further expanded the long list of genes associated with a distal myopathy, and contributed identifying as distal myopathy-causative rare variants in genes more often related with other skeletal or cardiac muscle diseases. Currently, almost 20 genes (ACTN2, CAV3, CRYAB, DNAJB6, DNM2, FLNC, HNRNPA1, HSPB8, KHLH9, LDB3, MATR3, MB, MYOT, PLIN4, TIA1, VCP, NOTCH2NLC, LRP12, GIPS1) have been associated with an autosomal dominant form of distal myopathy. Pathogenic changes in four genes (ADSSL, ANO5, DYSF, GNE) cause an autosomal recessive form; and disease-causing variants in five genes (DES, MYH7, NEB, RYR1 and TTN) result either in a dominant or in a recessive distal myopathy. Finally, a digenic mechanism, underlying a Welander-like form of distal myopathy, has been recently elucidated. Rare pathogenic mutations in SQSTM1, previously identified with a bone disease (Paget disease), unexpectedly cause a distal myopathy when combined with a common polymorphism in TIA1. The present review aims at describing the genetic basis of distal myopathy and at summarizing the clinical features of the different forms described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Sarparanta
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Genetics, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Per Harald Jonson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mridul Johari
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Rusanen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
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22
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Zaganas I, Mastorodemos V, Spilioti M, Mathioudakis L, Latsoudis H, Michaelidou K, Kotzamani D, Notas K, Dimitrakopoulos K, Skoula I, Ioannidis S, Klothaki E, Erimaki S, Stavropoulos G, Vassilikos V, Amoiridis G, Efthimiadis G, Evangeliou A, Mitsias P. Genetic cause of heterogeneous inherited myopathies in a cohort of Greek patients. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 25:100682. [PMID: 33304817 PMCID: PMC7711282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited muscle disorders are caused by pathogenic changes in numerous genes. Herein, we aimed to investigate the etiology of muscle disease in 24 consecutive Greek patients with myopathy suspected to be genetic in origin, based on clinical presentation and laboratory and electrophysiological findings and absence of known acquired causes of myopathy. Of these, 16 patients (8 females, median 24 years-old, range 7 to 67 years-old) were diagnosed by Whole Exome Sequencing as suffering from a specific type of inherited muscle disorder. Specifically, we have identified causative variants in 6 limb-girdle muscular dystrophy genes (6 patients; ANO5, CAPN3, DYSF, ISPD, LAMA2, SGCA), 3 metabolic myopathy genes (4 patients; CPT2, ETFDH, GAA), 1 congenital myotonia gene (1 patient; CLCN1), 1 mitochondrial myopathy gene (1 patient; MT-TE) and 3 other myopathy-associated genes (4 patients; CAV3, LMNA, MYOT). In 6 additional family members affected by myopathy, we reached genetic diagnosis following identification of a causative variant in an index patient. In our patients, genetic diagnosis ended a lengthy diagnostic process and, in the case of Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and Pompe's disease, it enabled specific treatment to be initiated. These results further expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of inherited myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Zaganas
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Martha Spilioti
- AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lambros Mathioudakis
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kleita Michaelidou
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kotzamani
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Notas
- AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Irene Skoula
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Stefanos Ioannidis
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eirini Klothaki
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sophia Erimaki
- Neurophysiology Unit, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Stavropoulos
- Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Vassilikos
- Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Amoiridis
- Neurophysiology Unit, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Efthimiadis
- AHEPA General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Evangeliou
- Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Mitsias
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Neurophysiology Unit, University Hospital of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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23
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Alcahut-Rodríguez C, Díaz-Maroto I, Fernández-Marmiesse A, García-García J. HiperCKemia paucisintomática secundaria a mutación en el gen ANO5. Neurologia 2020; 35:510-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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24
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Paucisymptomatic hyperCKaemia due to a mutation in the ANO5 gene. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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25
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The Genetic Mutation of ANO5 in Rabbits Recapitulates Human Cardiomyopathy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10144976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2L (LGMD2L) is caused by mutations of the ANO5 gene in humans which encodes a 913 amino-acid integral membrane protein. Although cardiomyopathy has been reported in patients with an ANO5 mutation, the ANO5 mutant mice did not recapitulate this phenotype in previous studies. This study demonstrated that the ANO5−/− rabbits recapitulated the typical signs of cardiomyopathy with decreased ejection fraction (EF) and fraction shortening (FS) with increased interstitial fibrosis. This ANO5−/− rabbit model would promote basic research to comprehend the pathogenesis and mechanism of ANO5-related cardiomyopathy.
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26
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Panadés-de Oliveira L, Bermejo-Guerrero L, de Fuenmayor-Fernández de la Hoz CP, Cantero Montenegro D, Hernández Lain A, Martí P, Muelas N, Vilchez JJ, Domínguez-González C. Persistent asymptomatic or mild symptomatic hyperCKemia due to mutations in ANO5: the mildest end of the anoctaminopathies spectrum. J Neurol 2020; 267:2546-2555. [PMID: 32367299 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-09872-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ANO5 gene encodes for anoctamin-5, a chloride channel involved in muscle cell membrane repair. Recessive mutations in ANO5 are associated with muscular diseases termed anoctaminopathies, which are characterized by proximal or distal weakness, or isolated hyperCKemia. We present the largest series of patients with asymptomatic/paucisymptomatic anoctaminopathy reported so far, highlighting their clinical and radiological characteristics. METHODS Twenty subjects were recruited retrospectively from the Neuromuscular Disorders Units database of two national reference centers. All had a confirmed genetic diagnosis (mean age of diagnosis was 48 years) established between 2015 and 2019. Clinical and complementary data were evaluated through clinical records. RESULTS None of the patients complained about weakness or showed abnormal muscular balance. Among paucisymptomatic patients, the main complaints or findings were generalized myalgia, exercise intolerance and calf hypertrophy, occasionally associated with calf pain. All patients showed persistent hyperCKemia, ranging from mild-moderate to severe. Muscle biopsy revealed inflammatory changes in three cases. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging revealed typical signs (preferential involvement of adductor and gastrocnemius muscles) in all but one patient. In two cases, abnormal findings were detectable only in STIR sequences (not in T1). Three patients showed radiological progression despite remaining asymptomatic. Twelve different mutations in ANO5 were detected, of which seven are novel. CONCLUSIONS Recessive mutations in ANO5 are a frequent cause of undiagnosed asymptomatic/paucisymptomatic hyperCKemia. Patients with an apparent indolent phenotype may show muscle involvement in complementary tests (muscle biopsy and imaging), which may progress over time. Awareness of anoctaminopathy as the cause of nonspecific muscular complaints or of isolated hyperCKemia is essential to correctly diagnose affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Panadés-de Oliveira
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Bermejo-Guerrero
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Pablo de Fuenmayor-Fernández de la Hoz
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Pilar Martí
- Department of Neurology and IIS La Fe, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Neuromuscular Reference Center ERN-EURO-NMD, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Muelas
- Department of Neurology and IIS La Fe, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Neuromuscular Reference Center ERN-EURO-NMD, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J Vilchez
- Department of Neurology and IIS La Fe, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Neuromuscular Reference Center ERN-EURO-NMD, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Domínguez-González
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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27
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Di Zanni E, Gradogna A, Picco C, Scholz-Starke J, Boccaccio A. TMEM16E/ANO5 mutations related to bone dysplasia or muscular dystrophy cause opposite effects on lipid scrambling. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1157-1170. [PMID: 32112655 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human TMEM16E/ANO5 gene are causative for gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD), a rare bone malformation and fragility disorder, and for two types of muscular dystrophy (MD). Previous studies have demonstrated that TMEM16E/ANO5 is a Ca2+ -activated phospholipid scramblase and that the mutation c.1538C>T (p.Thr513Ile) causing GDD leads to a gain-of-function phenotype. Here, using established HEK293-based functional assays, we investigated the effects of MD-related and further GDD-related amino acid exchanges on TMEM16E/ANO5 function in the same expression system. These experiments also revealed that the gradual changes in HEK293 cell morphology observed upon expression of TMEM16E/ANO5GDD mutants are a consequence of aberrant protein activity. Our results collectively demonstrate that, on the level of protein function, MD mutations are associated to loss-of-function and GDD mutations to gain-of-function phenotypes, confirming conjectures made on the basis of inheritance modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Di Zanni
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonella Gradogna
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Picco
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Anna Boccaccio
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
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28
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Mercuri E, Bönnemann CG, Muntoni F. Muscular dystrophies. Lancet 2019; 394:2025-2038. [PMID: 31789220 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are primary diseases of muscle due to mutations in more than 40 genes, which result in dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy. Now that most of the genes responsible for these conditions have been identified, it is possible to accurately diagnose them and implement subtype-specific anticipatory care, as complications such as cardiac and respiratory muscle involvement vary greatly. This development and advances in the field of supportive medicine have changed the standard of care, with an overall improvement in the clinical course, survival, and quality of life of affected individuals. The improved understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases is being used for the development of novel therapies. In the most common form, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a few personalised therapies have recently achieved conditional approval and many more are at advanced stages of clinical development. In this Seminar, we concentrate on clinical manifestations, molecular pathogenesis, diagnostic strategy, and therapeutic developments for this group of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Roma, Rome, Italy; Nemo Clinical Centre, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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29
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Rubegni A, Malandrini A, Dosi C, Astrea G, Baldacci J, Battisti C, Bertocci G, Donati MA, Dotti MT, Federico A, Giannini F, Grosso S, Guerrini R, Lenzi S, Maioli MA, Melani F, Mercuri E, Sacchini M, Salvatore S, Siciliano G, Tolomeo D, Tonin P, Volpi N, Santorelli FM, Cassandrini D. Next-generation sequencing approach to hyperCKemia: A 2-year cohort study. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2019; 5:e352. [PMID: 31517061 PMCID: PMC6705647 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied in molecularly undiagnosed asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic hyperCKemia to investigate whether this technique might allow detection of the genetic basis of the condition. Methods Sixty-six patients with undiagnosed asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic hyperCKemia, referred to tertiary neuromuscular centers over an approximately 2-year period, were analyzed using a customized, targeted sequencing panel able to investigate the coding exons and flanking intronic regions of 78 genes associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophies, rhabdomyolysis, and metabolic and distal myopathies. Results A molecular diagnosis was reached in 33 cases, corresponding to a positive diagnostic yield of 50%. Variants of unknown significance were found in 17 patients (26%), whereas 16 cases (24%) remained molecularly undefined. The major features of the diagnosed cases were mild proximal muscle weakness (found in 27%) and myalgia (in 24%). Fourteen patients with a molecular diagnosis and mild myopathic features on muscle biopsy remained asymptomatic at a 24-month follow-up. Conclusions This study of patients with undiagnosed hyperCKemia, highlighting the advantages of NGS used as a first-tier diagnostic approach in genetically heterogeneous conditions, illustrates the ongoing evolution of molecular diagnosis in the field of clinical neurology. Isolated hyperCKemia can be the sole feature alerting to a progressive muscular disorder requiring careful surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rubegni
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Malandrini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Dosi
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Guja Astrea
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Jacopo Baldacci
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Carla Battisti
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertocci
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - M Alice Donati
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - M Teresa Dotti
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Federico
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Giannini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grosso
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Lenzi
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Maria A Maioli
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Melani
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Sacchini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Salvatore
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Deborah Tolomeo
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Tonin
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Nila Volpi
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo M Santorelli
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Denise Cassandrini
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris (A.R., G.A., J.B., G.B., S.L., F.M.S., D.C.), Pisa, Italy; Department of Medicine (A.M., C.B., M.T.D., A.F., F.G., S.S., N.V.), Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (C.D., G.S., D.T.), University of Pisa; Metabolic Disease Unit (M.A.D., M.S.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (S.G.), University of Siena, Siena; Pediatric Neurology (R.G., F.M.), AOU Meyer Children Hospital, Florence; Neurophysiopathology Multiple Sclerosis Center Hospital Binaghi (M.A.M.), Cagliari; Pediatric Neurology and Nemo Clinical Centre (E.M.), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli IRCSS", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome; and Department of Neurosciences (P.T.), Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
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ANO5 mutations in the Polish limb girdle muscular dystrophy patients: Effects on the protein structure. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11533. [PMID: 31395899 PMCID: PMC6687736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47849-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LGMD2L is a subtype of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), caused by recessive mutations in ANO5, encoding anoctamin-5 (ANO5). We present the analysis of five patients with skeletal muscle weakness for whom heterozygous mutations within ANO5 were identified by whole exome sequencing (WES). Patients varied in the age of the disease onset (from 22 to 38 years) and severity of the morphological and clinical phenotypes. Out of the nine detected mutations one was novel (missense p.Lys132Met, accompanied by p.His841Asp) and one was not yet characterized in the literature (nonsense, p.Trp401Ter, accompanied by p.Asp81Gly). The p.Asp81Gly mutation was also identified in another patient carrying a p.Arg758Cys mutation as well. Also, a c.191dupA frameshift (p.Asn64LysfsTer15), the first described and common mutation was identified. Mutations were predicted by in silico tools to have damaging effects and are likely pathogenic according to criteria of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Indeed, molecular modeling of mutations revealed substantial changes in ANO5 conformation that could affect the protein structure and function. In addition, variants in other genes associated with muscle pathology were identified, possibly affecting the disease progress. The presented data indicate that the identified ANO5 mutations contribute to the observed muscle pathology and broaden the genetic spectrum of LGMD myopathies.
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Winckler PB, da Silva AMS, Coimbra-Neto AR, Carvalho E, Cavalcanti EBU, Sobreira CFR, Marrone CD, Machado-Costa MC, Carvalho AAS, Feio RHF, Rodrigues CL, Gonçalves MVM, Tenório RB, Mendonça RH, Cotta A, Paim JFO, Costa E Silva C, de Aquino Cruz C, Bená MI, Betancur DFA, El Husny AS, de Souza ICN, Duarte RCB, Reed UC, Chaves MLF, Zanoteli E, França MC, Saute JA. Clinicogenetic lessons from 370 patients with autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Clin Genet 2019; 96:341-353. [PMID: 31268554 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by predominantly proximal muscle weakness. We aimed to characterize epidemiological, clinical and molecular data of patients with autosomal recessive LGMD2/LGMD-R in Brazil. A multicenter historical cohort study was performed at 13 centers, in which index cases and their affected relatives' data from consecutive families with genetic or pathological diagnosis of LGMD2/LGMD-R were reviewed from July 2017 to August 2018. Survival curves to major handicap for LGMD2A/LGMD-R1-calpain3-related, LGMD2B/LGMD-R2-dysferlin-related and sarcoglycanopathies were built and progressions according to sex and genotype were estimated. In 370 patients (305 families) with LGMD2/LGMD-R, most frequent subtypes were LGMD2A/LGMD-R1-calpain3-related and LGMD2B/LGMD-R2-dysferlin-related, each representing around 30% of families. Sarcoglycanopathies were the most frequent childhood-onset subtype, representing 21% of families. Five percent of families had LGMD2G/LGMD-R7-telethonin-related, an ultra-rare subtype worldwide. Females with LGMD2B/LGMD-R2-dysferlin-related had less severe progression to handicap than males and LGMD2A/LGMD-R1-calpain3-related patients with truncating variants had earlier disease onset and more severe progression to handicap than patients without truncating variants. We have provided paramount epidemiological data of LGMD2/LGMD-R in Brazil that might help on differential diagnosis, better patient care and guiding future collaborative clinical trials and natural history studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo B Winckler
- Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André M S da Silva
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio R Coimbra-Neto
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Physiopathology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Elmano Carvalho
- Rede SARAH de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia F R Sobreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Neurosciences, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlo D Marrone
- Physiatry Division, Hospital São Lucas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Clinica Marrone, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raimunda H F Feio
- Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rodrigo H Mendonça
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cotta
- Rede SARAH de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Júlia F O Paim
- Rede SARAH de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Camila de Aquino Cruz
- Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Neurosciences, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marjory I Bená
- Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Neurosciences, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel F A Betancur
- Physiatry Division, Hospital São Lucas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Antonette S El Husny
- Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Isabel C N de Souza
- Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Regina C B Duarte
- Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Umbertina C Reed
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia L F Chaves
- Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcondes C França
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Physiopathology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jonas A Saute
- Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Division, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Silva AMS, Coimbra-Neto AR, Souza PVS, Winckler PB, Gonçalves MVM, Cavalcanti EBU, Carvalho AADS, Sobreira CFDR, Camelo CG, Mendonça RDH, Estephan EDP, Reed UC, Machado-Costa MC, Dourado-Junior MET, Pereira VC, Cruzeiro MM, Helito PVP, Aivazoglou LU, Camargo LVD, Gomes HH, Camargo AJSD, Pinto WBVDR, Badia BML, Libardi LH, Yanagiura MT, Oliveira ASB, Nucci A, Saute JAM, França-Junior MC, Zanoteli E. Clinical and molecular findings in a cohort of ANO5-related myopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:1225-1238. [PMID: 31353849 PMCID: PMC6649425 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ANO5-related myopathy is an important cause of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and hyperCKemia. The main descriptions have emerged from European cohorts, and the burden of the disease worldwide is unclear. We provide a detailed characterization of a large Brazilian cohort of ANO5 patients. METHODS A national cross-sectional study was conducted to describe clinical, histopathological, radiological, and molecular features of patients carrying recessive variants in ANO5. Correlation of clinical and genetic characteristics with different phenotypes was studied. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients from 34 nonrelated families with recessive mutations of ANO5 were identified. The most common phenotype was LGMD, observed in 25 (67.5%) patients, followed by pseudometabolic presentation in 7 (18.9%) patients, isolated asymptomatic hyperCKemia in 4 (10.8%) patients, and distal myopathy in a single patient. Nine patients presented axial involvement, including one patient with isolated axial weakness. The most affected muscles according to MRI were the semimembranosus and gastrocnemius, but paraspinal and abdominal muscles, when studied, were involved in most patients. Fourteen variants in ANO5 were identified, and the c.191dupA was present in 19 (56%) families. Sex, years of disease, and the presence of loss-of-function variants were not associated with specific phenotypes. INTERPRETATION We present the largest series of anoctaminopathy outside Europe. The most common European founder mutation c.191dupA was very frequent in our population. Gender, disease duration, and genotype did not determine the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M S Silva
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio R Coimbra-Neto
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor S Souza
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pablo B Winckler
- Neurology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Cláudia F D R Sobreira
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamentom, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Clara G Camelo
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo D H Mendonça
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo D P Estephan
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Umbertina C Reed
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mario E T Dourado-Junior
- Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Botucatu School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio Mesquita (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Cruzeiro
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo V P Helito
- Department of Radiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís U Aivazoglou
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Hudson H Gomes
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Amaro J S D Camargo
- Orthopedic Institute, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wladimir B V D R Pinto
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno M L Badia
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz H Libardi
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario T Yanagiura
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Acary S B Oliveira
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anamarli Nucci
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas A M Saute
- Neurology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcondes C França-Junior
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Kim JH, Kim K, Kim I, Seong S, Kim SW, Kim N. Role of anoctamin 5, a gene associated with gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia, in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Bone 2019; 120:432-438. [PMID: 30557634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Anoctamin 5 (Ano5) mutations are responsible for gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia, a rare skeletal syndrome. Despite the close linkage of Ano5 to bone remodeling, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of Ano5 in bone remodeling remain unknown. In this study, we investigated whether Ano5 regulates osteoblast or osteoclast differentiation to maintain normal bone remodeling. Downregulation of Ano5 expression did not affect osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, while ectopic expression of Ano5 significantly enhanced receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, Ano5-mediated Akt phosphorylation resulted in nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1 (NFATc1) activation, indicating that Ano5 regulates osteoclast differentiation through activation of the Akt-NFATc1 signaling pathway. Thus, our results suggest a possibility that Ano5 is involved in bone remodeling through regulating the function of osteoclasts rather than that of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ha Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Kabsun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Semun Seong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Nacksung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
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Mercuri E, Pera MC, Brogna C. Neonatal hypotonia and neuromuscular conditions. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2019; 162:435-448. [PMID: 31324324 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64029-1.00021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The differential diagnosis of neonatal hypotonia is a complex task, as in newborns hypotonia can be the presenting sign of different underlying causes, including peripheral and central nervous system involvement and genetic and metabolic diseases. This chapter describes how a combined approach, based on the combination of clinical signs and new genetic techniques, can help not only to establish when the hypotonia is related to peripheral involvement but also to achieve an accurate and early diagnosis of the specific neuromuscular diseases with neonatal onset. The early identification of such disorders is important, as this allows early intervention with disease-specific standards of care and, more importantly, because of the possibility to treat some of them, such as spinal muscular atrophy, with therapeutic approaches that have recently become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Mercuri
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Claudia Brogna
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Taghizadeh E, Rezaee M, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Prevalence, pathological mechanisms, and genetic basis of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies: A review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7874-7884. [PMID: 30536378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a highly heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders that are associated with weakness and wasting of muscles in legs and arms. Signs and symptoms may begin at any age and usually worsen by time. LGMDs are autosomal disorders with different types and their prevalence is not the same in different areas. New technologies such as next-generation sequencing can accelerate their diagnosis. Several important pathological mechanisms that are involved in the pathology of the LGMD include abnormalities in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, the sarcomere, glycosylation of dystroglycan, vesicle and molecular trafficking, signal transduction pathways, and nuclear functions. Here, we provide a comprehensive review that integrates LGMD clinical manifestations, prevalence, and some pathological mechanisms involved in LGMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Taghizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculity of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
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Nallamilli BRR, Chakravorty S, Kesari A, Tanner A, Ankala A, Schneider T, da Silva C, Beadling R, Alexander JJ, Askree SH, Whitt Z, Bean L, Collins C, Khadilkar S, Gaitonde P, Dastur R, Wicklund M, Mozaffar T, Harms M, Rufibach L, Mittal P, Hegde M. Genetic landscape and novel disease mechanisms from a large LGMD cohort of 4656 patients. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:1574-1587. [PMID: 30564623 PMCID: PMC6292381 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Limb‐girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs), one of the most heterogeneous neuromuscular disorders (NMDs), involves predominantly proximal‐muscle weakness with >30 genes associated with different subtypes. The clinical‐genetic overlap among subtypes and with other NMDs complicate disease‐subtype identification lengthening diagnostic process, increases overall costs hindering treatment/clinical‐trial recruitment. Currently seven LGMD clinical trials are active but still no gene‐therapy‐related treatment is available. Till‐date no nation‐wide large‐scale LGMD sequencing program was performed. Our objectives were to understand LGMD genetic basis, different subtypes’ relative prevalence across US and investigate underlying disease mechanisms. Methods A total of 4656 patients with clinically suspected‐LGMD across US were recruited to conduct next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based gene‐panel testing during June‐2015 to June‐2017 in CLIA‐CAP‐certified Emory‐Genetics‐Laboratory. Thirty‐five LGMD‐subtypes‐associated or LGMD‐like other NMD‐associated genes were investigated. Main outcomes were diagnostic yield, gene‐variant spectrum, and LGMD subtypes’ prevalence in a large US LGMD‐suspected population. Results Molecular diagnosis was established in 27% (1259 cases; 95% CI, 26–29%) of the patients with major contributing genes to LGMD phenotypes being: CAPN3(17%), DYSF(16%), FKRP(9%) and ANO5(7%). We observed an increased prevalence of genetically confirmed late‐onset Pompe disease, DNAJB6‐associated LGMD subtype1E and CAPN3‐associated autosomal‐dominant LGMDs. Interestingly, we identified a high prevalence of patients with pathogenic variants in more than one LGMD gene suggesting possible synergistic heterozygosity/digenic/multigenic contribution to disease presentation/progression that needs consideration as a part of diagnostic modality. Interpretation Overall, this study has improved our understanding of the relative prevalence of different LGMD subtypes, their respective genetic etiology, and the changing paradigm of their inheritance modes and novel mechanisms that will allow for improved timely treatment, management, and enrolment of molecularly diagnosed individuals in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akanchha Kesari
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,EGL Genetics-Eurofins Tucker Atlanta Georgia 30084
| | - Alice Tanner
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,EGL Genetics-Eurofins Tucker Atlanta Georgia 30084
| | - Arunkanth Ankala
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,EGL Genetics-Eurofins Tucker Atlanta Georgia 30084
| | | | | | | | - John J Alexander
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,EGL Genetics-Eurofins Tucker Atlanta Georgia 30084
| | - Syed Hussain Askree
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,EGL Genetics-Eurofins Tucker Atlanta Georgia 30084
| | - Zachary Whitt
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,Augusta University Augusta Georgia 30912
| | - Lora Bean
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322.,EGL Genetics-Eurofins Tucker Atlanta Georgia 30084
| | - Christin Collins
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322
| | - Satish Khadilkar
- Department of Neurology Bombay Hospital Mumbai Maharashtra India.,Department of Neurology Sir J J Group of Hospitals Grant Medical College Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Pradnya Gaitonde
- Centre for Advanced Molecular Diagnostics in Neuromuscular Disorders (CAMDND) 400022 Mumbai India
| | - Rashna Dastur
- Centre for Advanced Molecular Diagnostics in Neuromuscular Disorders (CAMDND) 400022 Mumbai India
| | - Matthew Wicklund
- Neurology The University of Colorado at Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado 80045
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Neurology University of California, Irvine Orange California 92868
| | - Matthew Harms
- Department of Neurology Columbia University New York New York 10032
| | | | | | - Madhuri Hegde
- Emory University Department of Human Genetics Atlanta Georgia 30322
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Anandan C, Milone M, Liewluck T. Intramuscular interstitial amyloid deposition does not impact anoctaminopathy-5 phenotype. Muscle Nerve 2018; 59:133-137. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charenya Anandan
- Department of Neurology; Mayo Clinic; 200 First Street SW, Rochester Minnesota 55905 USA
| | - Margherita Milone
- Department of Neurology; Mayo Clinic; 200 First Street SW, Rochester Minnesota 55905 USA
| | - Teerin Liewluck
- Department of Neurology; Mayo Clinic; 200 First Street SW, Rochester Minnesota 55905 USA
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38
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Muscle pain syndromes and fibromyalgia: the role of muscle biopsy. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2018; 12:382-387. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hu B, Xiong L, Zhou Y, Lu X, Xiong Q, Liu Q, Qi X, Ding W. First familial limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2L in China: Clinical, imaging, pathological, and genetic features. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12506. [PMID: 30235762 PMCID: PMC6160217 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2L (LGMD2L) is mainly characterized by late adult onset, atrophy of proximal muscles, chronic progressive and asymmetric weakness, accompanied by increased creatine kinase (CK) levels, dystrophic pathological changes and electromyography showing myogenic damage. To date, familial LGMD2L was reported in European countries and had not been reported in China.A careful investigation of the clinical manifestations, muscle performance imaging, biopsy, and target next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology was utilized to identify pathogenic genetic variants in a 4-generation pedigree that includes 6 affected individuals.The results revealed mild-to-moderate hypertrophy of bilateral gastrocnemii and slight weakness and atrophy in the proximal muscles of the lower limbs, with obviously increased serum creatine kinase levels. The symptoms were more serious in the male proband but were also observed in females. Obvious and symmetric atrophy and fat infiltration of posterior segments of the thigh was evident in muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The pathological changes included a small amount of atrophic and hypertrophic fibers, scattered necrotizing fibers, a small number of increased nuclei, inward migration, mild proliferation of interstitial connective tissue, and no inflammatory cell infiltration. The pathogenic allele was a c.220C > T mutation in the anoctamin 5 (ANO5) gene.The LGMD2L family was characterized by mild chronic myopathy and bilateral gastrocnemius hypertrophy with obviously increased CK levels. Pathological changes included atrophy of fibers with interstitial connective tissues hyperplasia. The pathogenic allele was a c.220C> T mutation in the ANO5 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Qianqian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Xueliang Qi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Weijiang Ding
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
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40
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Angelini C, Giaretta L, Marozzo R. An update on diagnostic options and considerations in limb-girdle dystrophies. Expert Rev Neurother 2018; 18:693-703. [PMID: 30084281 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1508997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) encompass a clinically heterogeneous group of rare, genetic progressive muscle disorders presenting with weakness and atrophy of predominant pelvic and shoulder muscles. The spectrum of disease severity ranges from severe childhood-onset muscular dystrophy to adult-onset dystrophy. Areas covered: The review presents an update of the clinical phenotypes and diagnostic options for LGMD including both dominant and recessive LGMD and consider their differential clinical and histopathological features. An overview of most common phenotypes and of possible complications is given. The management of the main clinical respiratory, cardiac, and central nervous system complications are covered. The instrumental, muscle imaging, and laboratory exams to assess and reach diagnosis are described. The use of recent genetic techniques such as next generation sequencing (NGS), whole-exome sequencing compared to other techniques (e.g. DNA sequencing, protein analysis) is covered. Currently available drugs or gene therapy and rehabilitation management are focused on. Expert commentary: Many LGMD cases, which for a long time previously remained without a molecular diagnosis, can now be investigated by NGS. Gene mutation analysis is always required to obtain a certain molecular diagnosis, fundamental to select homogeneous group of patients for future pharmaceutical and gene trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Angelini
- a Neuromuscular Center , San Camillo Hospital IRCCS , Venice , Italy
| | - Laura Giaretta
- a Neuromuscular Center , San Camillo Hospital IRCCS , Venice , Italy
| | - Roberta Marozzo
- a Neuromuscular Center , San Camillo Hospital IRCCS , Venice , Italy
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Zenagui R, Lacourt D, Pegeot H, Yauy K, Juntas Morales R, Theze C, Rivier F, Cances C, Sole G, Renard D, Walther-Louvier U, Ferrer-Monasterio X, Espil C, Arné-Bes MC, Cintas P, Uro-Coste E, Martin Negrier ML, Rigau V, Bieth E, Goizet C, Claustres M, Koenig M, Cossée M. A Reliable Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Strategy for Diagnosis of Myopathies and Muscular Dystrophies, Especially for the Giant Titin and Nebulin Genes. J Mol Diagn 2018; 20:533-549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Savarese M, Torella A, Musumeci O, Angelini C, Astrea G, Bello L, Bruno C, Comi GP, Di Fruscio G, Piluso G, Di Iorio G, Ergoli M, Esposito G, Fanin M, Farina O, Fiorillo C, Garofalo A, Giugliano T, Magri F, Minetti C, Moggio M, Passamano L, Pegoraro E, Picillo E, Sampaolo S, Santorelli FM, Semplicini C, Udd B, Toscano A, Politano L, Nigro V. Targeted gene panel screening is an effective tool to identify undiagnosed late onset Pompe disease. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:586-591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
We report a 49-year-old man who presented with a history of asymmetric weakness. His neurological examination and electromyogram testing suggested the presence of a myopathy. A muscle biopsy confirmed the presence of a myopathy with several lobulated, whorled and ring fibers, and it showed no evidence of inflammation. Genetic testing of more than 50 genes known to cause myopathy was performed and demonstrates the presence of the common founder mutation in ANO5 gene c.191dupA, which he inherited from his unaffected father. In addition, he inherited a novel mutation, c.1063C>T (p.L355F) in exon 11 of ANO5 gene from his unaffected mother. The founder mutation is a known pathogenic variant and, based on our protein modeling analysis, the novel c.1063C>T (p.L355F) variant is likely pathogenic. This indicates that he is a compound heterozygote, providing strong support for the diagnosis of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2L.
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44
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Development of muscular dystrophy in a CRISPR-engineered mutant rabbit model with frame-disrupting ANO5 mutations. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:609. [PMID: 29789544 PMCID: PMC5964072 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2L (LGMD2L) and Miyoshi myopathy type 3 (MMD3) are autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the gene encoding anoctamin-5 (ANO5), which belongs to the anoctamin protein family. Two independent lines of mice with complete disruption of ANO5 transcripts did not exhibit overt muscular dystrophy phenotypes; instead, one of these mice was observed to present with some abnormality in sperm motility. In contrast, a third line of ANO5-knockout (KO) mice with residual expression of truncated ANO5 expression was reported to display defective membrane repair and very mild muscle pathology. Many of the ANO5-related patients carry point mutations or small insertions/deletions (indels) in the ANO5 gene. To more closely mimic the human ANO5 mutations, we engineered mutant ANO5 rabbits via co-injection of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA into the zygotes. CRISPR-mediated small indels in the exon 12 and/or 13 in the mutant rabbits lead to the development of typical signs of muscular dystrophy with increased serum creatine kinase (CK), muscle necrosis, regeneration, fatty replacement and fibrosis. This novel ANO5 mutant rabbit model would be useful in studying the disease pathogenesis and therapeutic treatments for ANO5-deficient muscular dystrophy.
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45
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Xu J, Xu L, Lau YS, Gao Y, Moore SA, Han R. A novel ANO5 splicing variant in a LGMD2L patient leads to production of a truncated aggregation-prone Ano5 peptide. J Pathol Clin Res 2018; 4:135-145. [PMID: 29665321 PMCID: PMC5903698 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in ANO5 cause several human diseases including gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia 1 (GDD1), limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2L (LGMD2L), and Miyoshi myopathy 3 (MMD3). Previous work showed that complete genetic disruption of Ano5 in mice did not recapitulate human muscular dystrophy, while residual expression of mutant Ano5 in a gene trapped mouse developed muscular dystrophy with defective membrane repair. This suggests that truncated Ano5 expression may be pathogenic. Here, we screened a panel of commercial anti-Ano5 antibodies using a recombinant adenovirus expressing human Ano5 with FLAG and YFP at the N- and C-terminus, respectively. The monoclonal antibody (mAb) N421A/85 was found to specifically detect human Ano5 by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining. The antigen epitope was mapped to a region of 28 residues within the N-terminus. Immunofluorescence staining of muscle cryosections from healthy control subjects showed that Ano5 is localized at the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The muscle biopsy from a LGMD2L patient homozygous for the c.191dupA mutation showed no Ano5 signal, confirming the specificity of the N421A/85 antibody. Surprisingly, strong Ano5 signal was detected in a patient with compound heterozygous mutations (c.191dupA and a novel splice donor site variant c.363 + 4A > G at the exon 6-intron 6 junction). Interestingly, insertion of the mutant intron 6, but not the wild-type intron 6, into human ANO5 cDNA resulted in a major transcript that carried the first 158-bp of intron 6. Transfection of the construct encoding the first 121 amino acids into C2C12 cells resulted in protein aggregate formation, suggesting that aggregate-forming Ano5 peptide may contribute to the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA
| | - Li Xu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA
| | - Yeh S Lau
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA
| | - Yandi Gao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA
| | - Steven A Moore
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Renzhi Han
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA
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46
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Medrano-Soto A, Moreno-Hagelsieb G, McLaughlin D, Ye ZS, Hendargo KJ, Saier MH. Bioinformatic characterization of the Anoctamin Superfamily of Ca2+-activated ion channels and lipid scramblases. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192851. [PMID: 29579047 PMCID: PMC5868767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory has developed bioinformatic strategies for identifying distant phylogenetic relationships and characterizing families and superfamilies of transport proteins. Results using these tools suggest that the Anoctamin Superfamily of cation and anion channels, as well as lipid scramblases, includes three functionally characterized families: the Anoctamin (ANO), Transmembrane Channel (TMC) and Ca2+-permeable Stress-gated Cation Channel (CSC) families; as well as four families of functionally uncharacterized proteins, which we refer to as the Anoctamin-like (ANO-L), Transmembrane Channel-like (TMC-L), and CSC-like (CSC-L1 and CSC-L2) families. We have constructed protein clusters and trees showing the relative relationships among the seven families. Topological analyses suggest that the members of these families have essentially the same topologies. Comparative examination of these homologous families provides insight into possible mechanisms of action, indicates the currently recognized organismal distributions of these proteins, and suggests drug design potential for the disease-related channel proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Medrano-Soto
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | - Daniel McLaughlin
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Zachary S. Ye
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin J. Hendargo
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Milton H. Saier
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Rudolf G, Suominen T, Penttilä S, Hackman P, Evilä A, Lannes B, Echaniz-Laguna A, Bierry G, Tranchant C, Udd B. Homozygosity of the Dominant Myotilin c.179C>T (p.Ser60Phe) Mutation Causes a More Severe and Proximal Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2018; 3:275-281. [PMID: 27854214 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-150143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most myotilinopathy patients present with a dominant late onset distal phenotype and myofibrillar pathology, although the first MYOT mutation in a family reported to have LGMD phenotype. We report here a French family affected with a late onset proximal and distal muscle weakness and myofibrillar myopathy on muscle pathology, in which the siblings known to be clinically affected were homozygous for the c.179C>T (p.Ser60Phe) myotilin gene mutation. One subjectively asymptomatic member of the family was heterozygous for this mutation. This is the first report of a family with patients being homozygous for a known dominant MYOT mutation. Dominant negative mutations are generally considered not to cause a more severe disease in homozygosity, but our data clearly demonstrate the existence of dominant MYOT mutations with a possible dose effect causing a more severe disease phenotype in homozygosity in the spectrum of myofibrillar myopathies (MFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Rudolf
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Strasbourg University, France.,Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tiina Suominen
- Neuromuscular Research Unit, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sini Penttilä
- Neuromuscular Research Unit, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Evilä
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Béatrice Lannes
- Département d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Guillaume Bierry
- Département de Radiologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christine Tranchant
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Strasbourg University, France.,Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, Universitdé Strasbourg, INSERM, Illkirch, France
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Département d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
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48
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Next-Generation Sequencing to Diagnose Muscular Dystrophy, Rhabdomyolysis, and HyperCKemia. Can J Neurol Sci 2018; 45:262-268. [DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2017.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Neuromuscular disorders are a phenotypically and genotypically diverse group of diseases that can be difficult to diagnose accurately because of overlapping clinical features and nonspecific muscle pathology. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a high-throughput technology that can be used as a more time- and cost-effective tool for identifying molecular diagnoses for complex genetic conditions, such as neuromuscular disorders.Methods:One hundred and sixty-nine patients referred to a Canadian neuromuscular clinic for evaluation of possible muscle disease were screened with an NGS panel of muscular dystrophy–associated genes. Patients were categorized by the reason of referral (1) muscle weakness (n=135), (2) recurrent episodes of rhabdomyolysis (n=18), or (3) idiopathic hyperCKemia (n=16).Results:Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were identified in 36.09% of patients (61/169). The detection rate was 37.04% (50/135) in patients with muscle weakness, 33.33% (6/18) with rhabdomyolysis, and 31.25% (5/16) in those with idiopathic hyperCKemia.Conclusions:This study shows that NGS can be a useful tool in the molecular workup of patients seen in a neuromuscular clinic. Evaluating the utility of large panels of a muscle disease-specific NGS panel to investigate the genetic susceptibilities of rhabdomyolysis and/or idiopathic hyperCKemia is a relatively new field. Twenty-eight of the pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants reported here are novel and have not previously been associated with disease.
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49
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies is transforming the practice of medical genetics and revolutionizing the approach to heterogeneous hereditary conditions, including skeletal muscle disorders. Here, we review the different NGS approaches described in the literature so far for the characterization of myopathic patients and the results obtained from the implementation of such approaches in a clinical setting. RECENT FINDINGS The overall diagnostic rate of NGS strategies for patients affected by skeletal muscle disorders is higher than the success rate obtained using the traditional gene-by-gene approach. Moreover, many recent articles have been expanding the clinical phenotypes associated with already known disease genes. SUMMARY NGS applications will soon be the first-tier test for skeletal muscle disorders. They will improve the diagnosis in myopathic patients, promoting their inclusion into novel therapeutic trials. At the same time, they will improve our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms causing skeletal muscle disorders, favoring the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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50
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Vihola A, Luque H, Savarese M, Penttilä S, Lindfors M, Leturcq F, Eymard B, Tasca G, Brais B, Conte T, Charton K, Richard I, Udd B. Diagnostic anoctamin-5 protein defect in patients with ANO5-mutated muscular dystrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2017; 44:441-448. [PMID: 28489263 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previously, detection of ANO5 protein has been complicated by unspecific antibodies, most of which have not identified the correct protein. The aims of the study were to specify ANO5 protein expression in human skeletal muscle, and to investigate if the ANO5 protein levels are affected by different ANO5 mutations in anoctaminopathy patients. METHODS Four different antibodies were tested for ANO5 specificity. A sample preparation method compatible with membrane proteins, combined with tissue fractionation was used to determine ANO5 expression in cell cultures expressing ANO5, in normal muscles and eight patient biopsies with six different ANO5 mutations in homozygous or compound heterozygous states, and in other dystrophies. RESULTS Only one specific monoclonal N-terminal ANO5 antibody was efficient in detecting the protein, showing that ANO5 is expressed as a single 107 kD polypeptide in human skeletal muscle. The truncating mutations c.191dupA and c.1261C>T were found to abolish ANO5 expression, whereas the studied point mutations had variable effects; however, all the ANO5 mutations resulted in clearly reduced ANO5 expression in the patient muscle membrane fraction. Attempts to detect ANO5 using immunohistochemistry were not yet successful. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here indicate that the ANO5 protein expression is decreased in ANO5-mutated muscular dystrophy and that most of the non-truncating pathogenic ANO5 mutations likely destabilize the protein and cause its degradation. The method described here allows direct analysis of human ANO5 protein, which can be used in diagnostics, for evaluating the pathogenicity of the potentially harmful ANO5 variants of uncertain significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vihola
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - H Luque
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - M Savarese
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - S Penttilä
- Neuromuscular Research Center, University and University Hospital of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Lindfors
- Neuromuscular Research Center, University and University Hospital of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - F Leturcq
- Laboratoire de génétique et biologie moléculaire, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - B Eymard
- Institute of Myology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - G Tasca
- Istituto di Neurologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - B Brais
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - T Conte
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - K Charton
- INSERM U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit and Généthon, Evry, France
| | - I Richard
- INSERM U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit and Généthon, Evry, France
| | - B Udd
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Neuromuscular Research Center, University and University Hospital of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
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