1
|
Boullard NG, Paris JJ, Shariat-Madar Z, Mahdi F. Increased Prolylcarboxypeptidase Expression Can Serve as a Biomarker of Senescence in Culture. Molecules 2024; 29:2219. [PMID: 38792081 PMCID: PMC11123917 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP, PCP, Lysosomal Pro-X-carboxypeptidase, Angiotensinase C) controls angiotensin- and kinin-induced cell signaling. Elevation of PRCP appears to be activated in chronic inflammatory diseases [cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes] in proportion to severity. Vascular endothelial cell senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction have consistently been shown in models of CVD in aging. Cellular senescence, a driver of age-related dysfunction, can differentially alter the expression of lysosomal enzymes due to lysosomal membrane permeability. There is a lack of data demonstrating the effect of age-related dysfunction on the expression and function of PRCP. To explore the changes in PRCP, the PRCP-dependent prekallikrein (PK) pathway was characterized in early- and late-passage human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). Detailed kinetic analysis of cells treated with high molecular weight kininogen (HK), a precursor of bradykinin (BK), and PK revealed a mechanism by which senescent HPAECs activate the generation of kallikrein upon the assembly of the HK-PK complex on HPAECs in parallel with an upregulation of PRCP and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) and NO formation. The NO production and expression of both PRCP and eNOS increased in early-passage HPAECs and decreased in late-passage HPAECs. Low activity of PRCP in late-passage HPAECs was associated with rapid decreased telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA levels. We also found that, with an increase in the passage number of HPAECs, reduced PRCP altered the respiration rate. These results indicated that aging dysregulates PRCP protein expression, and further studies will shed light into the complexity of the PRCP-dependent signaling pathway in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason J. Paris
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; (J.J.P.); (Z.S.-M.)
| | - Zia Shariat-Madar
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; (J.J.P.); (Z.S.-M.)
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; (J.J.P.); (Z.S.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nong W, Mo G, Luo C. Exploring the bidirectional causal link between household income status and genetic susceptibility to neurological diseases: findings from a Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1202747. [PMID: 37564429 PMCID: PMC10411908 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Observational studies have revealed that socioeconomic status is associated with neurological disorders and aging. However, the potential causal effect between the two remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate the causal relationship between household income status and genetic susceptibility to neurological diseases using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods An MR study was conducted on a large-sample cohort of the European population pulled from a publicly available genome-wide association study dataset, using a random-effects inverse-variance weighting model as the main standard. MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and maximum likelihood estimation were also performed concurrently as supplements. A sensitivity analysis, consisting of a heterogeneity test and horizontal pleiotropy test, was performed using Cochran's Q, MR-Egger intercept, and MR-PRESSO tests to ensure the reliability of the conclusion. Results The results suggested that higher household income tended to lower the risk of genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (odds ratio [OR]: 0.740, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.559-0.980, p-value = 0.036) and ischemic stroke (OR: 0.801, 95% CI = 0.662-0.968, p-value = 0.022). By contrast, higher household income tended to increase the risk of genetic susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (OR: 2.605, 95% CI = 1.413-4.802, p-value = 0.002). No associations were evident for intracranial hemorrhage (OR: 1.002, 95% CI = 0.607-1.653, p-value = 0.993), cerebral aneurysm (OR: 0.597, 95% CI = 0.243-1.465, p-value = 0.260), subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR: 1.474, 95% CI = 0.699-3.110, p-value = 0.308), or epilepsy (OR: 1.029, 95% CI = 0.662-1.600, p-value = 0.899). The reverse MR study suggested no reverse causal relationship between neurological disorders and household income status. A sensitivity analysis verified the reliability of the results. Conclusion Our results revealed that the populations with a superior household income exhibit an increased predisposition of genetic susceptibility to Parkinson's Disease, while demonstrating a potential decreased genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke and Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma H, Wang L, Sun H, Yu Q, Yang T, Wang Y, Niu B, Jia Y, Liu Y, Liang Z, An M, Guo J. MIR-107/HMGB1/FGF-2 axis responds to excessive mechanical stretch to promote rapid repair of vascular endothelial cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109686. [PMID: 37406794 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The increase of vascular wall tension can lead to endothelial injury during hypertension, but its potential mechanism remains to be studied. Our results of previous study showed that HUVECs could induce changes in HMGB1/RAGE to resist abnormal mechanical environments in pathological mechanical stretching. In this study, we applied two different kinds of mechanical tension to endothelial cells using the in vitro mechanical loading system FlexCell-5000T and focused on exploring the expression of miR-107 related pathways in HUVECs with excessive mechanical tension. The results showed that miR-107 negatively regulated the expression of the HMGB1/RAGE axis under excessive mechanical tension. Excessive mechanical stretching reduced the expression of miR-107 in HUVECs, and increased the expression of the HMGB1/RAGE axis. When miR-107 analog was transfected into HUVECs with lipo3000 reagent, the overexpression of miR-107 slowed down the increase of the HMGB1/RAGE axis caused by excessive mechanical stretching. At the same time, the overexpression of miR-107 inhibited the proliferation and migration of HUVECs to a certain extent. On the contrary, when miR-107 was silent, the proliferation and migration of HUVECs showed an upward trend. In addition, the study also showed that under excessive mechanical tension, miR-107 could regulate the expression of FGF-2 by HMGB1. In conclusion, these findings suggest that pathological mechanical stretching promote resistance to abnormal mechanical stimulation on HUVECs through miR-107/HMGB1/RAGE/FGF-2 pathway, thus promote vascular repair after endothelial injury. The suggest that miR-107 is a potential therapeutic target for hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Ma
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Qing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Yajing Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Bin Niu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Yaru Jia
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Ziwei Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China
| | - Meiwen An
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China.
| | - Jiqiang Guo
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, PR China; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma J, Li Y, Yang X, Liu K, Zhang X, Zuo X, Ye R, Wang Z, Shi R, Meng Q, Chen X. Signaling pathways in vascular function and hypertension: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:168. [PMID: 37080965 PMCID: PMC10119183 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a global public health issue and the leading cause of premature death in humans. Despite more than a century of research, hypertension remains difficult to cure due to its complex mechanisms involving multiple interactive factors and our limited understanding of it. Hypertension is a condition that is named after its clinical features. Vascular function is a factor that affects blood pressure directly, and it is a main strategy for clinically controlling BP to regulate constriction/relaxation function of blood vessels. Vascular elasticity, caliber, and reactivity are all characteristic indicators reflecting vascular function. Blood vessels are composed of three distinct layers, out of which the endothelial cells in intima and the smooth muscle cells in media are the main performers of vascular function. The alterations in signaling pathways in these cells are the key molecular mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunction and hypertension development. In this manuscript, we will comprehensively review the signaling pathways involved in vascular function regulation and hypertension progression, including calcium pathway, NO-NOsGC-cGMP pathway, various vascular remodeling pathways and some important upstream pathways such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress-related signaling pathway, immunity/inflammation pathway, etc. Meanwhile, we will also summarize the treatment methods of hypertension that targets vascular function regulation and discuss the possibility of these signaling pathways being applied to clinical work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghao Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Runyu Ye
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Rufeng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kampa RP, Flori L, Sęk A, Spezzini J, Brogi S, Szewczyk A, Calderone V, Bednarczyk P, Testai L. Luteolin-Induced Activation of Mitochondrial BK Ca Channels: Undisclosed Mechanism of Cytoprotection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1892. [PMID: 36290615 PMCID: PMC9598376 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (LUT) is a well-known flavonoid that exhibits a number of beneficial properties. Among these, it shows cardioprotective effects, as confirmed by numerous studies. However, its effect on mitochondrial potassium channels, the activation of which is related to cytoprotection, as well as on heart ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage prevention, has not yet been investigated. The large conductance calcium-regulated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) has been identified in both the mitochondria of the vascular endothelial cells, which plays a significant role in the functioning of the cardiovascular system under oxidative stress-related conditions, and in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes, where it is deeply involved in cardiac protection against I/R injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the role of the mitoBKCa channel in luteolin-induced cytoprotection. A number of in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo and in silico studies have confirmed that luteolin activates this channel in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, which in turn leads to the protection of the endothelium and a significant reduction in the extent of damage resulting from myocardial infarction, where this effect was partially abolished by the mitoBKCa channel blocker paxilline. In conclusion, these results suggest that luteolin has cardioprotective effects, at least in part, through the activation of the mitoBKCa channel, shedding light on a new putative mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał P. Kampa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS-SGGW), 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rotariu D, Babes EE, Tit DM, Moisi M, Bustea C, Stoicescu M, Radu AF, Vesa CM, Behl T, Bungau AF, Bungau SG. Oxidative stress - Complex pathological issues concerning the hallmark of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113238. [PMID: 35687909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a complex biological process characterized by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act as destroyers of the REDOX balance in the body and, implicitly, inducing oxidative damage. All the metabolisms are impaired in oxidative stress and even nucleic acid balance is influenced. ROS will promote structural changes of the tissues and organs due to interaction with proteins and phospholipids. The constellation of the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) will usually develop in subjects with predisposition to cardiac disorders. Oxidative stress is usually related with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) like coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiomyopathy or heart failure (HF), that can develop in subjects with the above-mentioned diseases. Elements describing the complex relationship between CVD and oxidative stress should be properly explored and described because prevention may be the optimal approach. Our paper aims to expose in detail the complex physiopathology of oxidative stress in CVD occurrence and novelties regarding the phenomenon. Biomarkers assessing oxidative stress or therapy targeting specific pathways represent a major progress that actually change the outcome of subjects with CVD. New antioxidants therapy specific for each CVD represents a captivating and interesting future perspective with tremendous benefits on subject's outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Rotariu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Emilia Elena Babes
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Madalina Moisi
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Manuela Stoicescu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India.
| | | | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lembo M, Trimarco V, Manzi MV, Mancusi C, Esposito G, Esposito S, Morisco C, Izzo R, Trimarco B. Determinants of improvement of left ventricular mechano-energetic efficiency in hypertensive patients. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:977657. [PMID: 35966525 PMCID: PMC9365966 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.977657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arterial hypertension, especially when coexisting with other cardiovascular risk factors, could determine an imbalance between myocardial energetic demand and altered efficiency, leading to an early left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, even in terms of echo-derived mechano-energetic efficiency indexed for myocardial mass (MEEi). We aim to analyse an improvement in LV MEEi, if any, in a population of hypertensive patients with a long-term follow-up and to identify clinical, metabolic and therapeutic determinants of LV MEEi amelioration. Materials and methods In total, 7,052 hypertensive patients, followed-up for 5.3 ± 4.5 years, enrolled in the Campania Salute Network, underwent echocardiographic and clinical evaluation. LV MEEi was obtained as the ratio between stroke volume and heart rate and normalized per grams of LV mass and ΔMEEi was calculated as difference between follow-up and baseline MEEi. Patients in the highest ΔMEEi quartile (≥0.0454 mL/s/g) (group 1) were compared to the merged first, second and third quartiles (<0.0454 mL/s/g) (group 2). METS-IR (Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance), an established index of insulin sensitivity, was also derived. Results Patients with MEEi improvement experienced a lower rate of major cardiovascular events (p = 0.02). After excluding patients experiencing cardiovascular events, patients in group 1 were younger (p < 0.0001), less often diabetic (p = 0.001) and obese (p = 0.035). Group 1 experienced more frequently LV mass index reduction, lower occurrence of LV ejection fraction reduction, and had a better metabolic control in terms of mean METS-IR during the follow-up (all p < 0.0001). Beta-blockers were more often used in group 1 (p < 0.0001) than group 2. A logistic regression analysis showed that younger age, lower mean METS-IR values, more frequent LV mass index reduction and therapy with beta-blockers were significantly associated with LV MEEi improvement, independently of presence of diabetes and obesity. Conclusion Metabolic control and therapy with beta-blockers could act in a synergic way, determining an improvement in LV MEEi in hypertensive patients over time, possibly confining cardiac damage and hampering progression toward heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lembo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Neurosciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Virginia Manzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Morisco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Raffaele Izzo,
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zuin M, Capatti E, Borghi C, Zuliani G. Serum Malondialdehyde Levels in Hypertensive Patients: A Non-invasive Marker of Oxidative Stress. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022; 29:263-273. [PMID: 35347636 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-022-00514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous analyses have reported a higher malondialdehyde (MDA) serum level in hypertensive patients (HTs) compared to normotensive subjects (NTs). AIM We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of these studies to offer a comprehensive information on this issue. METHODS The PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were analysed to locate English-language articles published from January 1, 2000 up to January 1 2021. Studies were identified using the following MeSH terms: "Malondialdehyde" AND "Arterial hypertension". The difference of MDA serum levels between HTs and NTs was expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI using a random-effect model. RESULTS A total of of 4102 patients (2158 HTs and 1944 NTs, mean age 52.7 and 48.0 years, respectively) were included in 17 studies. Pooled mean MDA serum levels in HTs and NTs were 4.91 [standard error (SE): 0.34, 95% CI 4.23-5.59)] and 3.43 [SE 0.15, 95% CI 3.18-3.78] nmol/L, respectively. The SMD between HTs and NTs was 3.23 nmol/L (95% CI 2.54-3.92; Z-score for overall effect: 9.17, p < 0.0001, I2 = 98.6%). Egger's test resulted significant at p = 0.009 while Begg's test was not, p = 0.11. Subsequent adjustment via the trim-and-fill method did not predict a new model (studies trimmed = 0). Meta-regression analysis found no correlations either between SMD and age (p = 0.95) or BMI (p = 0.96) but a significant one considering the latitude of the study site as moderator variable (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with HTs, serum MDA appears to have the greatest potential as non-invasive biomarkers of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction (ED).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zuin
- Section of Internal and Cardio-Respiraotry Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
- University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy.
| | - Elenonora Capatti
- Section of Internal and Cardio-Respiraotry Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Section of Internal and Cardio-Respiraotry Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kutikhin AG, Shishkova DK, Velikanova EA, Sinitsky MY, Sinitskaya AV, Markova VE. Endothelial Dysfunction in the Context of Blood–Brain Barrier Modeling. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022; 58:781-806. [PMID: 35789679 PMCID: PMC9243926 DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022030139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we discuss pathophysiological approaches to the defining
of endothelial dysfunction criteria (i.e., endothelial activation,
impaired endothelial mechanotransduction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal
transition, reduced nitric oxide release, compromised endothelial
integrity, and loss of anti-thrombogenic properties) in different
in vitro and in vivo models. The canonical definition of endothelial
dysfunction includes insufficient production of vasodilators, pro-thrombotic
and pro-inflammatory activation of endothelial cells, and pathologically
increased endothelial permeability. Among the clinical consequences
of endothelial dysfunction are arterial hypertension, macro- and
microangiopathy, and microalbuminuria. We propose to extend the definition
of endothelial dysfunction by adding altered endothelial mechanotransduction
and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition to its criteria. Albeit
interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and MCP-1/CCL2 dictate the pathogenic
paracrine effects of dysfunctional endothelial cells and are therefore
reliable endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in vitro, they are non-specific
for endothelial cells and cannot be used for the diagnostics of
endothelial dysfunction in vivo. Conceptual improvements in the
existing methods to model endothelial dysfunction, specifically,
in relation to the blood–brain barrier, include endothelial cell
culturing under pulsatile flow, collagen IV coating of flow chambers,
and endothelial lysate collection from the blood vessels of laboratory
animals in situ for the subsequent gene and protein expression profiling.
Combined with the simulation of paracrine effects by using conditioned
medium from dysfunctional endothelial cells, these flow-sensitive
models have a high physiological relevance, bringing the experimental
conditions to the physiological scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. G. Kutikhin
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - D. K. Shishkova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - E. A. Velikanova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - M. Yu. Sinitsky
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - A. V. Sinitskaya
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - V. E. Markova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li B, Li H, Dai L, Liu C, Wang L, Li Q, Gu C. NIK-SIX1 signalling axis regulates high glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:86-94. [PMID: 34894925 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.2015579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are the main manifestations of diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. This paper studied the roles of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) and sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) in regulating high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. The expression of NIK and SIX1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was silenced by transfection with the specific shRNAs. HUVECs exposed to high glucose were considered as a cell model of endothelial dysfunction. Expression of NIK and SIX1 following transfection was measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis. The proliferation, migration, and inflammation of HUVECs were evaluated by EdU staining, scratch test, ELISA, and western blotting. High glucose (30 mM) significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of HUVECs. High glucose-induced the expression of adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. Moreover, high glucose increased the release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. Transfection of cells with NIK shRNA significantly reversed the toxic effects of high glucose on HUVECs. Of contrast, SIX1 shRNA accelerated the effects of high glucose on HUVECs. NIK shRNA inhibited the accumulation of RelA, RelB, and p52. Meanwhile, NIK shRNA led to SIX1 downregulation which further induced the activation of the NF-κB pathway. NIK-SIX1 signalling axis was suggested to be critical in the regulation of high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. SIX1 may function as an immunological gatekeeper to control the excessive inflammation mediated by NIK in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiming Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Longsheng Dai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changcheng Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangshan Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxiong Gu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qian W, Zheng ZQ, Nie JG, Liu LJ, Meng XZ, Sun H, Xiao FM, Kang T. LncRNA SNHG12 alleviates hypertensive vascular endothelial injury through miR-25-3p/SIRT6 pathway. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:651-661. [PMID: 33464650 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0820-501r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to find the role of LncRNA SNHG12 in the regulation of hypertensive vascular endothelial injury. LncRNA SNHG12 and miR-25-3p expression were detected by quantitative RT-PCR. Protein levels of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), endothelial cell (EC) senescence markers p16 and p21, and EC marker CD31 were measured by Western blot. The apoptosis of HUVECs was detected by flow cytometry. The binding between LncRNA SNHG12 and miR-25-3p was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull-down assay. As a result, LncRNA SNHG12 was down-regulated in aortic primary ECs isolated from Ang II-induced hypertensive mice and 1 kidney/deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertensive mice. In Ang II-treated HUVECs, the expression level of SNHG12 was reduced and the overexpression of SNHG12 inhibited EC senescence markers p16 and p21 expressions, the apoptosis of HUVECs, and caspase-3 activity. Further investigation confirmed that LncRNA SNHG12 bound to miR-25-3p, and negatively regulated miR-25-3p expression. MiR-25-3p directly targeted SIRT6 and negatively regulated SIRT6 expression. In addition, SNHG12 overexpression inhibited Ang II-induced HUVECs injury through regulating miR-25-3p. Finally, in vivo experiments showed LncRNA SNHG12 overexpression alleviated vascular endothelial injury in Ang II-induced hypertensive mice. In conclusion, LncRNA SNHG12 alleviates vascular endothelial injury induced by hypertension through miR-25-3p/SIRT6 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ze-Qi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun-Gang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiang-Zhu Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng-Ming Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Antihypertensive Effects of the Methanol Extract and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Crinum zeylanicum (Amaryllidaceae) Leaves in L-NAME-Treated Rat. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2656249. [PMID: 34285699 PMCID: PMC8275409 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2656249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension (AHT) is a leading cardiovascular disease, with a high negative impact on the quality of life. Crinum zeylanicum (C. zeylanicum) leaves extract is used in the West region of Cameroon to treat AHT and heart problems. This study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effect of C. zeylanicum extract in Nω-nitro-L‐arginine methyl ester- (L‐NAME-) induced hypertensive rats. The aqueous extract of C. zeylanicum (LAE) was obtained by lyophilizing the juice of triturated fresh leaves. The methanol extract (LME) prepared by maceration of the dried leaves was further partitioned to chloroform (LCF), ethyl acetate (LEAF), and residual (LRF) fractions. The total polyphenol, flavonoid content, and antiradical potentials of these extracts were determined. The curative antihypertensive and renal function protective effects of LME and LEAF were evaluated in vivo on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of L-NAME (30 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive weeks. Thereafter, plant extracts were administered orally at the doses of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg/day, concomitantly with L-NAME for three other weeks. Body weight, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure were measured at the end of each week throughout the experimental period. At the end of the treatment, 24-hour urine and plasma were collected to assay nitric oxide (NO), creatinine, and protein. The results revealed that LEAF has the higher content of total polyphenol and flavonoid and exhibited the best antiradical potential. Moreover, treatment of hypertensive rats with LME and LEAF significantly (p < 0.001) reduced AHT and heart rate. LME and LEAF significantly increased rat's body mass, plasmatic NO, and urinary creatinine and reduced urine NO and protein contents as compared to the L-NAME group. LME and its LEAF possess potent antihypertensive effects and further protect the renal function in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats, thus supporting the use of C. zeylanicum in the management of AHT.
Collapse
|
13
|
Neto ABL, Vasconcelos NBR, Dos Santos TR, Duarte LEC, Assunção ML, de Sales-Marques C, Ferreira HDS. Prevalence of IGFBP3, NOS3 and TCF7L2 polymorphisms and their association with hypertension: a population-based study with Brazilian women of African descent. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:186. [PMID: 34001234 PMCID: PMC8130172 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective African ancestry seems to be a risk factor for hypertension; however, few genetic studies have addressed this issue. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of polymorphisms NOS3; rs1799983, IGFBP3; rs11977526 and TCF7L2; rs7903146 in Brazilian women of African descent and their association with hypertension. Results The prevalences of the less frequent genotypes were 26.5% TT genotype of NOS3; rs1799983, 16.7% AA genotype of IGFBP3; rs11977526, and 18.3% TT genotype of TCF7L2; rs7903146. For these conditions, the prevalence of hypertension and PR (adjusted) relatively to the ancestral genotype were, respectively: 52.0% vs 24.5% (PR = 1.54; p < 0.001), 62.0% vs 24.1% (PR = 1.59; p < 0.001), and 38.9% vs 27.9% (PR = 0.86; p = 0.166). Associations with hypertension were statistically significant, except for the TCF7L2; rs7903146 polymorphism, after adjusted analysis. Brazilian Afro-descendant women with the TT genotype for the NOS3 gene and the AA genotype for the IGFBP3 gene are more susceptible to hypertension. The understanding of underlying mechanisms involving the pathogenesis of hypertension can motivate research for the development of new therapeutic targets related to nitric oxide metabolism and the management of oxidative stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05598-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Barbosa Lira Neto
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil. .,, Rua Costa Gama, 1160, Caçimbas, Arapiraca, Alagoas, 57038-430, Brazil.
| | - Nancy Borges Rodrigues Vasconcelos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Tamara Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Luisa Elvira Cavazzani Duarte
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Monica Lopes Assunção
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Carolinne de Sales-Marques
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Haroldo da Silva Ferreira
- Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Campus A.C. Simões, Highway BR 104 North, Tabuleiro Do Martins, Maceió, Alagoas, 57072-970, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar G, Dey SK, Kundu S. Functional implications of vascular endothelium in regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis to control blood pressure and cardiac functions. Life Sci 2020; 259:118377. [PMID: 32898526 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium is the innermost vascular lining performing significant roles all over the human body while maintaining the blood pressure at physiological levels. Malfunction of endothelium is thus recognized as a biomarker linked with many vascular diseases including but not limited to atherosclerosis, hypertension and thrombosis. Alternatively, prevention of endothelial malfunctioning or regulating the functions of its associated physiological partners like endothelial nitric oxide synthase can prevent the associated vascular disorders which account for the highest death toll worldwide. While many anti-hypertensive drugs are available commercially, a comprehensive description of the key physiological roles of the endothelium and its regulation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase or vice versa is the need of the hour to understand its contribution in vascular homeostasis. This, in turn, will help in designing new therapeutics targeting endothelial nitric oxide synthase or its interacting partners present in the cellular pool. This review describes the central role of vascular endothelium in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase while outlining the emerging drug targets present in the vasculature with potential to treat vascular disorders including hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Oxidative Stress and New Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Endothelial Dysfunction: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061995. [PMID: 32630452 PMCID: PMC7355625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart and pathological circulatory conditions, are the world's leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis is a trigger, or consequence, of oxidative stress and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is defined as a diminished production/availability of nitric oxide, with or without an imbalance between endothelium-derived contracting, and relaxing factors associated with a pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic status. Endothelial dysfunction-induced phenotypic changes include up-regulated expression of adhesion molecules and increased chemokine secretion, leukocyte adherence, cell permeability, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, platelet activation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Inflammation-induced oxidative stress results in an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly derived from mitochondria. Excessive ROS production causes oxidation of macromolecules inducing cell apoptosis mediated by cytochrome-c release. Oxidation of mitochondrial cardiolipin loosens cytochrome-c binding, thus, favoring its cytosolic release and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Oxidative stress increases vascular permeability, promotes leukocyte adhesion, and induces alterations in endothelial signal transduction and redox-regulated transcription factors. Identification of new endothelial dysfunction-related oxidative stress markers represents a research goal for better prevention and therapy of CVD. New-generation therapeutic approaches based on carriers, gene therapy, cardiolipin stabilizer, and enzyme inhibitors have proved useful in clinical practice to counteract endothelial dysfunction. Experimental studies are in continuous development to discover new personalized treatments. Gene regulatory mechanisms, implicated in endothelial dysfunction, represent potential new targets for developing drugs able to prevent and counteract CVD-related endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, many challenges remain to overcome before these technologies and personalized therapeutic strategies can be used in CVD management.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chiang SS, Hsu FL, Hsu CK, Liu CF, Chu CY. Role of Camellia brevistyla (Hayata) Coh. Stuart Seed Pomace Extract on Hypertension and Vascular Function in L-NAME-Treated Mice. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3555-3564. [PMID: 31721202 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Camellia brevistyla (Hayata) Coh. Stuart seeds are used to produce edible oil. The seed pomace is an agricultural waste, containing approximately 8% saponin, which has antihypertensive effects. Nω -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) can induce hypertension with no deficiency on mice. Here, we investigated the effects of ethanol extract from C. brevistyla seed pomace (CBPE) in L-NAME-induced hypertension mice. The results showed that all doses of CBPE significantly decreased systolic (117 ± 5-122 ± 5 mmHg) and diastolic (72 ± 16-77 ± 8 mmHg) blood pressure, aortic intima media thickness (48 ± 5-53 ± 5 µm), and also reduced the MDA adduct and protein carbonyl levels in the liver (101 ± 19-114 ± 17 ρmol/mL and 4.8 - 5.2 nmol/mg) compared to those observed in the L-NAME group (140 ± 3 and 95 ± 8 mmHg, 65 ± 10 µm, 145 ± 25 ρmol/mL, and 7.8 nmol/mg; P < 0.05). These results suggest that CBPE has profitable antihypertensive properties which are preventing aorta remodeling and reducing liver oxidative stress in hypertensive mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Shih Chiang
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing Univ., 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Lan Hsu
- Forest Chemistry Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Inst., Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, No. 53, Nanhai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, 10066, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Hsu
- Lienhuachih Research Center, Taiwan Forestry Research Inst., Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, No. 43, Hualong Ln. Yuchi Towaship, Nantou County, 55543, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Feng Liu
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing Univ., 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yeon Chu
- Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology, Feng Chia Univ., No. 100, Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan.,Inst. of Green Products, Feng Chia Univ., No. 100, Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koracevic G, Stojkovic M, Lovic D, Pavlovic M, Kostic T, Kutlesic M, Micic S, Koracevic M, Djordjevic M. Should Cushing's Syndrome be Considered as a Disease with High Cardiovascular Risk in Relevant Guidelines? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 18:12-24. [PMID: 30289080 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666181005122339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A considerable amount of data supports a 1.8-7.4-fold increased mortality associated with Cushing's syndrome (CS). This is attributed to a high occurrence of several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in CS [e.g. adiposity, arterial hypertension (AHT), dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)]. Therefore, practically all patients with CS have the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which represents a high CVD risk. Characteristically, despite a relatively young average age, numerous patients with CS display a 'high' or 'very high' CVD risk (i.e. risk of a major CVD event >20% in the following 10 years). Although T2DM is listed as a condition with a high CVD risk, CS is not, despite the fact that a considerable proportion of the CS population will develop T2DM or impaired glucose tolerance. CS is also regarded as a risk factor for aortic dissection in current guidelines. This review considers the evidence supporting listing CS among high CVD risk conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Koracevic
- Department for Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Centre, Nis, Serbia.,Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | | | - Dragan Lovic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine Intermedica, Nis, Serbia
| | - Milan Pavlovic
- Department for Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Centre, Nis, Serbia.,Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Tomislav Kostic
- Department for Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Centre, Nis, Serbia.,Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Milan Djordjevic
- Health Centre Jagodina, Emergency Medical Service, Jagodina, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Opatrilova R, Kubatka P, Caprnda M, Büsselberg D, Krasnik V, Vesely P, Saxena S, Ruia S, Mozos I, Rodrigo L, Kruzliak P, dos Santos KG. Nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of retinopathy: evidences from preclinical and clinical researches. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:222-231. [PMID: 28391624 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness and visual disability in working-aged people. The pathogenesis of retinopathy is an actual and still open query. Alterations contributing to oxidative and nitrosative stress, including elevated nitric oxide and superoxide production, changes in the expression of different isoforms of nitric oxide synthase or endogenous antioxidant system, have been implicated in the mechanisms how this ocular disease develops. In addition, it was documented that renin-angiotensin system has been implicated in the progression of retinopathy. Based on comprehensive preclinical and clinical researches in this area, the role of above-mentioned factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy and ischaemic proliferative retinopathy is reviewed in this study. Moreover, the genetic susceptibility factors involved in the development of the retinopathy and possible strategies that utilize antioxidants as additive therapy are also highlighted here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radka Opatrilova
- Department of Chemical Drugs; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; Comenius University in Bratislava; Martin Slovak Republic
- Division of Oncology; Biomedical Center Martin; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; Comenius University in Bratislava; Martin Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Pharmacy; Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | | | - Vladimir Krasnik
- Department of Ophthalmology; Faculty of Medicine; Comenius University; Bratislava Slovakia
| | | | - Sandeep Saxena
- Retina Service; Department of Ophthalmology; King George's Medical University; Lucknow India
| | - Surabhi Ruia
- Retina Service; Department of Ophthalmology; King George's Medical University; Lucknow India
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences; “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Timisoara Romania
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Oviedo; Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA); Oviedo Spain
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Chemical Drugs; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Katia Goncalves dos Santos
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics; Universidade Luterana do Brasil; Canoas Brazil
- Experimental and Molecular Cardiovascular Laboratory; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aquaporin Membrane Channels in Oxidative Stress, Cell Signaling, and Aging: Recent Advances and Research Trends. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1501847. [PMID: 29770164 PMCID: PMC5892239 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1501847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a result of aerobic metabolism and as by-products through numerous physiological and biochemical processes. While ROS-dependent modifications are fundamental in transducing intracellular signals controlling pleiotropic functions, imbalanced ROS can cause oxidative damage, eventually leading to many chronic diseases. Moreover, increased ROS and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability are main key factors in dysfunctions underlying aging, frailty, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Extensive investigation aims to elucidate the beneficial effects of ROS and NO, providing novel insights into the current medical treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases of high epidemiological impact. This review focuses on emerging topics encompassing the functional involvement of aquaporin channel proteins (AQPs) and membrane transport systems, also allowing permeation of NO and hydrogen peroxide, a major ROS, in oxidative stress physiology and pathophysiology. The most recent advances regarding the modulation exerted by food phytocompounds with antioxidant action on AQPs are also reviewed.
Collapse
|
20
|
Banday AA, Lokhandwala MF. Oxidative stress impairs cGMP-dependent protein kinase activation and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein serine-phosphorylation. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:5-13. [PMID: 29424564 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1433197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species induce vascular dysfunction and hypertension by directly interacting with nitric oxide (NO) which leads to NO inactivation. In addition to a decrease in NO bioavailability, there is evidence that oxidative stress can also modulate NO signaling during hypertension. Here, we investigated the effect of oxidative stress on NO signaling molecules cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) which are known to mediate vasodilatory actions of NO. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were provided with tap water (control), 30 mM L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, a pro-oxidant), 1 mM tempol (T, an antioxidant) and BSO + T for 3 wks. BSO-treated rats exhibited high blood pressure and oxidative stress. Incubation of mesenteric arterial rings with NO donors caused concentration-dependent relaxation in control rats. However, the response to NO donors was significantly lower in BSO-treated rats with a marked decrease in pD2. In control rats, NO donors activated mesenteric PKG, increased VASP phosphorylation and its interaction with transient receptor potential channels 4 (TRPC4) and inhibited store-operated Ca2+ influx. NO failed to activate these signaling molecules in mesenteric arteries from BSO-treated rats. Supplementation of BSO-treated rats with tempol reduced oxidative stress and blood pressure and normalized the NO signaling. These data suggest that oxidative stress can reduce NO-mediated PKG activation and VASP-TRPC4 interaction which leads to failure of NO to reduce Ca2+ influx in smooth muscle cells. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ contributes to sustained vasoconstriction and subsequent hypertension. Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative stress, normalizes NO signaling and reduces blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anees A Banday
- a Heart and Kidney Institute, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Mustafa F Lokhandwala
- a Heart and Kidney Institute, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Polverino F, Celli BR, Owen CA. COPD as an endothelial disorder: endothelial injury linking lesions in the lungs and other organs? (2017 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045894018758528. [PMID: 29468936 PMCID: PMC5826015 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018758528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic expiratory airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible. COPD patients develop varying degrees of emphysema, small and large airway disease, and various co-morbidities. It has not been clear whether these co-morbidities share common underlying pathogenic processes with the pulmonary lesions. Early research into the pathogenesis of COPD focused on the contributions of injury to the extracellular matrix and pulmonary epithelial cells. More recently, cigarette smoke-induced endothelial dysfunction/injury have been linked to the pulmonary lesions in COPD (especially emphysema) and systemic co-morbidities including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic renal injury. Herein, we review the evidence linking endothelial injury to COPD, and the pathways underlying endothelial injury and the "vascular COPD phenotype" including: (1) direct toxic effects of cigarette smoke on endothelial cells; (2) generation of auto-antibodies directed against endothelial cells; (3) vascular inflammation; (4) increased oxidative stress levels in vessels inducing increases in lipid peroxidation and increased activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE); (5) reduced activation of the anti-oxidant pathways in endothelial cells; (6) increased endothelial cell release of mediators with vasoconstrictor, pro-inflammatory, and remodeling activities (endothelin-1) and reduced endothelial cell expression of mediators that promote vasodilation and homeostasis of endothelial cells (nitric oxide synthase and prostacyclin); and (7) increased endoplasmic reticular stress and the unfolded protein response in endothelial cells. We also review the literature on studies of drugs that inhibit RAGE signaling in other diseases (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers), or vasodilators developed for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension that have been tested on cell culture systems, animal models of COPD, and/or smokers and COPD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Polverino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Bartolome R. Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Caroline A. Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Machalińska A, Pius-Sadowska E, Babiak K, Sałacka A, Safranow K, Kawa MP, Machaliński B. Correlation between Flicker-Induced Retinal Vessel Vasodilatation and Plasma Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertensive Patients. Curr Eye Res 2017; 43:128-134. [PMID: 29135307 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2017.1358372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertension (HT) strongly affects the vascular endothelium, resulting in chronic inflammatory disease. Dynamic vessel analysis (DVA) is a modern methodological approach to analyze vascular function in the retinal microcirculation. The aim of this study was to examine whether a defective retinal vessels response is associated with HT-induced endothelial dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retinal vessel reactions to flicker stimulation were examined by DVA in both eyes of 37 hypertensive and 41 healthy control subjects. Plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFɑ) were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Both arterial and vein responses to flicker stimulation were significantly decreased in patients with HT compared with the healthy controls (dilatation of the arteries was lower in the HT group by, on average, 1.31, p = 0.001 and dilatation of the veins was lower in the HT group by, on average, 1.32, p = 0.002) after independent adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and pressure values. In the hypertensive group, there was a negative correlation between the arterial response to flicker stimulation and the plasma CRP concentration (Spearman's Rank-order Coefficient (Rs) = -0.29, p = 0.07). Similarly, the plasma TNFα concentrations negatively correlated with the arterial response to flicker stimulation (Rs = -0.39, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that DVA directly reflects the actual metabolic status of the retinal endothelium. DVA might be used as an early noninvasive screening tool to detect vascular dysregulation and pan-endothelial dysfunction in patients with HT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Machalińska
- a First Department of Ophthalmology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Ewa Pius-Sadowska
- b Department of General Pathology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Babiak
- b Department of General Pathology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Anna Sałacka
- c Department of Family Medicine , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- d Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Miłosz Piotr Kawa
- b Department of General Pathology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- b Department of General Pathology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stauffer BL, Dow CA, Diehl KJ, Bammert TD, Greiner JJ, DeSouza CA. Nebivolol, But Not Metoprolol, Treatment Improves Endothelial Fibrinolytic Capacity in Adults With Elevated Blood Pressure. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.007437. [PMID: 29122812 PMCID: PMC5721799 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial fibrinolytic function is impaired in adults with prehypertension and hypertension and plays a mechanistic role in the development of atherothrombotic events. The influence of β-blockers on endothelial fibrinolysis is unknown. This study compared the effects of chronic nebivolol and metoprolol treatment on endothelial tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) release in adults with elevated blood pressure (BP). METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-four middle-aged adults (36% women) with elevated BP completed a 3-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing nebivolol (5 mg/d), metoprolol succinate (100 mg/d), and placebo. Net endothelial t-PA release was determined in vivo in response to intrabrachial infusions of bradykinin and sodium nitroprusside before and after each intervention. In a subset, the dose-response curves to bradykinin and sodium nitroprusside were repeated with a coinfusion of the antioxidant vitamin C. At baseline, resting BP and endothelial t-PA release were comparable between the 3 groups. BP decreased to a similar extent (≈10 mm Hg) in the nebivolol- and metoprolol-treated groups. There was a substantial increase (≈30%; P<0.05) in the capacity of the endothelium to release t-PA following chronic treatment with nebivolol but not metoprolol or placebo. Mitigating oxidant stress with vitamin C coinfusion potentiated t-PA release (90%; P<0.05) at baseline in all groups. However, after the intervention, t-PA release was unchanged by vitamin C coinfusion in the nebivolol group only. CONCLUSIONS Nebivolol but not metoprolol improves endothelial t-PA release in adults with elevated BP. This may be an important vascular benefit of nebivolol. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01595516.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Stauffer
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO .,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO.,Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO
| | - Caitlin A Dow
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Kyle J Diehl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Tyler D Bammert
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO.,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Antihypertensive Effects of Roselle-Olive Combination in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9460653. [PMID: 29201276 PMCID: PMC5671754 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9460653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy of a new combination therapy of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Olea europaea extracts (2 : 1; Roselle-Olive), using N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester- (L-NAME-) induced hypertensive model. Rats received L-NAME (50 mg/kg/day, orally) for 4 weeks. Concurrent treatment with Roselle-Olive (500, 250, and 125 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, reversed the L-NAME-induced suppression in serum nitric oxide (NO), and improved liver and kidney markers, lipid profile, and oxidative status. Furthermore, Roselle-Olive significantly lowered the elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (ACE) and showed a marked genoprotective effect against oxidative DNA damage in hypertensive rats. Roselle-Olive ameliorated kidney and heart lesions and reduced aortic media thickness. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry showed an enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and protein expression in both heart and kidney of Roselle-Olive-treated rats. To conclude, our data revealed that Roselle-Olive is an effective combination in which H. sabdariffa and O. europaea synergistically act to control hypertension. These effects are likely to be mediated by antioxidant and genoprotective actions, ACE inhibition, and eNOS upregulation by Roselle-Olive constituents. These findings provide evidences that Roselle-Olive combination affords efficient antihypertensive effect with a broad end-organ protective influence.
Collapse
|
25
|
Figueira L, Israel A. Adrenomedullin and Angiotensin II in Rat Cerebellar Vermis: Reactive Oxygen Species Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.21859/focsci-03031409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
26
|
Kanar BG, Kanar HS, Karatay A, Tigen K, Sonmez A. Assessment of left atrium and diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertensive retinopathy: A real-time three-dimensional echocardiography-based study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:696-704. [PMID: 28758803 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1306543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The fundoscopic examination of hypertensive patients, which is established hypertension-related target organ damage (TOD), tends to be underutilized in clinical practice. We sought to investigate the relationship between retinal alterations and left atrium (LA) volumes by means of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE). Our population consisted of 88 consecutive essential hypertensive patients (age 59.2 ± 1.2 years, 35 males). All subjects underwent a fundoscopy examination and were distributed into four groups according to the Keith-Wagener-Barker (KWB) classification. The four groups (KWB grades 0-3: including 26, 20, 26, and 16 patients, respectively) did not differ with regard to age, gender, or metabolic profile. There were no significant differences between groups with regard to parameters reflecting LV systolic function and diastolic dysfunction (DD) in two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE). Nevertheless, patients in the higher KWB category had higher values of LA volumes (LA maximal volume index, LA minimal volume index, preatrial contraction volume index, LA total stroke volume index, LA active stroke volume index, p < 0.001) regarding RT3DE. There is also a significant relationship between LA active stroke volume index (ASVI) and duration of hypertension (HT) (r: 0.68, p < 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, ASVI was independent predictors of LV DD in patients with arterial hypertension (HT). Patients with arterial HT were found to have increased LA volumes and impaired diastolic functions. Assessment of the arterial HT patient by using RT3DE atrial volume analysis may facilitate early recognition of TOD, which is such a crucial determinant of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batur Gonenc Kanar
- a Saglik Bakanligi Istanbul Sureyyapasa Gogus Hastaliklari ve Gogus Cerrahisi EA Hastanesi , Cardiology , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Hatice Selen Kanar
- b Fatih Sultan Mehmet Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi , Ophthalmology , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Aysu Karatay
- c Lufti Kirdar Kartal Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi , Ophthalmology , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Kursat Tigen
- d Marmara University Faculty of Medicine , Cardiology , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Ayse Sonmez
- e Fatih Sultan Mehmet Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi , Ophthalmology , Istanbul , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Young CN. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:869-884. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin N. Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences; The George Washington University; Washington DC USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yuliandra Y, Armenia A, Arifin H. Antihypertensive and antioxidant activity of Cassytha filiformis L.: A correlative study. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
29
|
McGowan CL, Proctor DN, Swaine I, Brook RD, Jackson EA, Levy PD. Isometric Handgrip as an Adjunct for Blood Pressure Control: a Primer for Clinicians. Curr Hypertens Rep 2017; 19:51. [PMID: 28528376 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-017-0748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Considered a global health crisis by the World Health Organization, hypertension (HTN) is the leading risk factor for death and disability. The majority of treated patients do not attain evidence-based clinical targets, which increases the risk of potentially fatal complications. HTN is the most common chronic condition seen in primary care; thus, implementing therapies that lower and maintain BP to within-target ranges is of tremendous public health importance. Isometric handgrip (IHG) training is a simple intervention endorsed by the American Heart Association as a potential adjuvant BP-lowering treatment. With larger reductions noted in HTN patients, IHG training may be especially beneficial for those who (a) have difficulties continuing or increasing drug-based treatment; (b) are unable to attain BP control despite optimal treatment; (c) have pre-HTN or low-risk stage I mild HTN; and (d) wish to avoid medications or have less pill burden. IHG training is not routinely prescribed in clinical practice. To shift this paradigm, we focus on (1) the challenges of current HTN management strategies; (2) the effect of IHG training; (3) IHG prescription; (4) characterizing the population for whom it works best; (5) clinical relevance; and (6) important next steps to foster broader implementation by clinical practitioners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheri L McGowan
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - David N Proctor
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ian Swaine
- Department of Life & Sport Sciences, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, London, UK
| | - Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Jackson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Phillip D Levy
- School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Adrenomedullin and angiotensin II signaling pathways involved in the effects on cerebellar antioxidant enzymes activity. Brain Res Bull 2016; 128:83-91. [PMID: 27919636 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human adrenomedullin (AM) is a 52-amino acid peptide involved in cardiovascular control. AM has two specific receptors formed by the calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 2 or 3, known as AM1 and AM2 receptors, respectively. In addition, AM has appreciable affinity for the calcitonin gene-1 related peptide receptor (CGRP1), composed of CRLR/RAMP1. In brain, AM and their receptors are expressed in several localized areas, including the cerebellum. AM has been reported as an antioxidant. Little is known about the role of AM in the regulation of cerebellar reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. We assessed the effect of AM on three antioxidant enzymes activity: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production in rat cerebellar vermis, as well the receptor subtypes involved in AM actions. Additionally, we evaluated the role of angiotensin II (ANG II), protein kinase A (PKA) activity, and protein kinase C/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (PKC/NAD(P)H) (oxidase) pathway. Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed by decapitation and cerebellar vermis was microdissected under stereomicroscopic control. CAT, GPx, SOD activity and TBARS production was determined spectrophotometrically. Our findings demonstrated that in cerebellar vermis, AM decreased and ANG II increased CAT, GPx and SOD activity and TBARS production. Likewise, AM antagonized ANG II-induced increase antioxidant enzyme activity. AM(22-50) and CGRP(8-37) blunted AM-induced decrease of antioxidant enzymes activity and TBARS production indicating that these actions are mediated through AM and CGRP1 receptors. Further, PKA inhibitor (PKAi) blunted AM action and apocynin and chelerythrine reverted ANG II action, suggesting that AM antioxidant action is mediated through stimulation of PKA activity, while ANG II-induced stimulation through PKC/NAD(P)H oxidase pathway. Our results support the role of AM in the regulation of cerebellar antioxidant enzymes activity and suggest a physiological role for AM in cerebellum.
Collapse
|
31
|
Litty FA, Gudd J, Girreser U, Clement B, Schade D. Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivation of O-Glycosylated Prodrugs of the Natural Nitric Oxide Precursor Nω-Hydroxy-l-arginine. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8030-41. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix-A. Litty
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Gudd
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Girreser
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernd Clement
- Department of Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Andrews AM, Muzorewa TT, Zaccheo KA, Buerk DG, Jaron D, Barbee KA. Cholesterol Enrichment Impairs Capacitative Calcium Entry, eNOS Phosphorylation & Shear Stress-Induced NO Production. Cell Mol Bioeng 2016; 10:30-40. [PMID: 28138348 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-016-0456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by decreased production or availability of nitric oxide (NO), is widely believed to be the hallmark of early-stage atherosclerosis. In addition, hypercholesterolemia is considered a major risk factor for development of atherosclerosis and is associated with impaired flow-induced dilation. However, the mechanism by which elevated cholesterol levels leads to decreased production of NO is unclear. NO is released in response to shear stress and agonist-evoked changes in intracellular calcium. Although calcium signaling is complex, we have previously shown that NO production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is preferentially activated by calcium influx via store-operated channels. We hypothesized that cholesterol enrichment altered this signaling pathway (known as capacitive calcium entry; CCE) ultimately leading to decreased NO. Our results show that cholesterol enrichment abolished ATP-induced eNOS phosphorylation and attenuated the calcium response by the preferential inhibition of CCE. Furthermore, cholesterol enrichment also inhibited shear stress-induced NO production and eNOS phosporylation, consistent with our previous results showing a significant role for ATP autocrine stimulation and subsequent activation of CCE in the endothelial flow response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Andrews
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Tenderano T Muzorewa
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kelly A Zaccheo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Donald G Buerk
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dov Jaron
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kenneth A Barbee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lin HF, Tung K, Chou CC, Lin CC, Lin JG, Tanaka H. Panax ginseng and salvia miltiorrhiza supplementation abolishes eccentric exercise-induced vascular stiffening: a double-blind randomized control trial. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:168. [PMID: 27266702 PMCID: PMC4895816 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Muscle damage induced by unaccustomed or eccentric exercise results in delayed onset vascular stiffening. We tested the hypothesis that a 7-day supplementation of panax ginseng and salvia miltiorrhiza prior to an acute eccentric exercise could attenuate arterial stiffening. Methods By using a double-blind study placebo-controlled randomized design, subjects were randomly assigned to either the Chinese herb (N = 12) or the placebo group (N = 11) and performed a downhill running (eccentric exercise) trial and a control (seated rest) trial. Results Muscle soreness increased 1–2 days after exercise similarly in both groups, whereas the herb group demonstrated a faster recovery on active range of motion. Plasma creatine kinase concentration increased significantly at 24 h in both groups but the magnitude of increase was attenuated in the herb group. Arterial stiffness as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity increased significantly at 24 h in the placebo group but such increase was absent in the herb group. Flow-mediated dilation did not change in either group. Plasma concentrations of CRP and IL-6 increased in the placebo group but no such increases were observed in the herb group. Changes in arterial stiffness induced by eccentric exercise were associated with the corresponding changes in IL-6 (r = 0.46, P < 0.05). Conclusions A short-term Chinese herb supplementation of panax ginseng and salvia miltiorrhiza ameliorated the delayed onset vascular stiffening induced by acute downhill running exercise. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02007304. Registered Dec. 5, 2013)
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu Q, Han L, Du Q, Zhang M, Zhou S, Shen X. The association between oxidative stress, activator protein-1, inflammatory, total antioxidant status and artery stiffness and the efficacy of olmesartan in elderly patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2016; 38:365-9. [PMID: 27159403 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1131285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Civil Aviation General Hospital Affiliated to BeiJing University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Limin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Civil Aviation General Hospital Affiliated to BeiJing University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qiufan Du
- Department of Cardiology, Civil Aviation General Hospital Affiliated to BeiJing University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, An Zhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shenghua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiangqian Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ergan E, Ozturk F, Beyazyildiz E, Elgin U, Sen E, Cankaya AB, Celik T. Oxidant/antioxidant balance in the aqueous humor of patients with glaucoma. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:249-52. [PMID: 26949644 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.02.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and the oxidative stress index (OSI) of the aqueous humor (AH) in patients with glaucoma. METHODS The prospective study was composed of a study group (n=31) and a control group (n=31). Fifteen patients in the study group were diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and 16 patients were diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG). The control group was composed of non-glaucomatous patients with cataracts. AH samples were collected and analyzed for TAS, TOS, and OSI levels. RESULTS Mean AH TAS level was significantly higher in patients with glaucoma than that in the control group (P<0.01). Mean TOS and OSI levels tended to increase in patients with glaucoma. No significant differences in TAS, TOS, or OSI levels were observed between patients with POAG and PEG. CONCLUSION High levels of TAS were observed in patients with glaucoma, which was likely a response to the increased oxidative stress observed in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ergan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amasya University, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Research and Training Hospital, Amasya 05200, Turkey
| | - Faruk Ozturk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Emrullah Beyazyildiz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsun Research and Training Hospital, Samsun 55100, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Elgin
- Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Research Hospital, Ankara 06240, Turkey
| | - Emine Sen
- Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Research Hospital, Ankara 06240, Turkey
| | - Ali Bulent Cankaya
- Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Research Hospital, Ankara 06240, Turkey
| | - Tugrul Celik
- Department of Biochemistry, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara 06010, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Konukoglu D, Uzun H. Endothelial Dysfunction and Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 956:511-540. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
37
|
Huguenin GV, Moreira AS, Siant'Pierre TD, Gonçalves RA, Rosa G, Oliveira GM, Luiz RR, Tibirica E. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Brazil Nuts on Microvascular Endothelial Function in Hypertensive and Dyslipidemic Patients: A Randomized Crossover Placebo-Controlled Trial. Microcirculation 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grazielle V.B. Huguenin
- Institute of the Heart Edson Saad; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Annie S.B. Moreira
- Department of Clinical Research; National Institute of Cardiology (INC); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Tatiana D. Siant'Pierre
- Chemistry Department; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. Gonçalves
- Chemistry Department; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Glorimar Rosa
- Institute of the Heart Edson Saad; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Glaucia M.M. Oliveira
- Institute of the Heart Edson Saad; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ronir R. Luiz
- Institute of the Heart Edson Saad; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibirica
- Department of Clinical Research; National Institute of Cardiology (INC); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation; Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Santilli F, D'Ardes D, Davì G. Oxidative stress in chronic vascular disease: From prediction to prevention. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 74:23-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
39
|
Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Pannangpetch P, Donpunha W, Sripui J, Sae-Eaw A, Boonla O. Mamao Pomace Extract Alleviates Hypertension and Oxidative Stress in Nitric Oxide Deficient Rats. Nutrients 2015. [PMID: 26225998 PMCID: PMC4555114 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of hypertension. Antidesma thwaitesianum (local name: Mamao) is a tropical plant distributed in the tropical/subtropical areas of the world, including Thailand. Mamao pomace (MP), a by-product generated from Mamao fruits, contains large amounts of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive and antioxidative effects of MP using hypertensive rats. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), in drinking water (50 mg/kg) for three weeks. MP extract was orally administered daily at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg. L-NAME administration induced marked increase in blood pressure, peripheral vascular resistance, and oxidative stress. MP treatment significantly prevented the increase in blood pressure, hindlimb blood flow and hindlimb vascular resistance of L-NAME treated hypertensive rats (p < 0.05). The antihypertensive effect of MP treatment was associated with suppression of superoxide production from carotid strips and also with an increase in eNOS protein expression and nitric oxide bioavailability. The present results provide evidence for the antihypertensive effect of MP and suggest that MP might be useful as a dietary supplement against hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +66-4336-3263 (ext. 24); Fax: +66-4334-8394
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; E-Mails: (V.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Patchareewan Pannangpetch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; E-Mails: (V.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Wanida Donpunha
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; E-Mail:
| | - Jintana Sripui
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; E-Mails: (J.S.); (A.S.-E.)
| | - Amporn Sae-Eaw
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; E-Mails: (J.S.); (A.S.-E.)
| | - Orachorn Boonla
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Huang C, Ogawa R. The link between hypertension and pathological scarring: does hypertension cause or promote keloid and hypertrophic scar pathogenesis? Wound Repair Regen 2015; 22:462-6. [PMID: 24899409 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pathological scars, namely, keloids and hypertrophic scars (HSs), are caused by excessive cutaneous wound healing that is characterized by histological extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, clinically relevant irritating symptoms, and frequent recurrence after surgical excision. To date, there are few effective and specific treatments. This partly reflects the poor understanding of the etiology of these scars and the lack of a suitable animal model. Systemic hypertension has been suggested to participate in pathological scarring. The evidence that supports this hypothesis is reviewed here. Thus, hypertension associates with changes that resemble the aberrant cutaneous wound-healing phases that characterize pathological scar development. It also associates with profibrotic functional changes in the cells that constitute keloids and HSs (endothelial cells, pericytes/myofibroblasts, dermal fibroblasts, and mast cells) and profibrotic ECM remodeling. These hypertension-associated changes are mediated to some extent by inflammation, hypoxia, and the angiotensin/renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Thus, hypertension may be an aggravating/risk factor for keloids and HSs. This will help to identify patients who are prone to heavy scars after surgery or postsurgical recurrence. Moreover, pharmacological agents for the prophylaxis and treatment of hypertension-induced fibrosis in other organs may also be useful for keloids/HSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Huang
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Plastic Surgery, Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
El Hassar C, Merzouk H, Merzouk SA, Malti N, Meziane A, Narce M. Long-term use of angiotensin II receptor antagonists and calcium-channel antagonists in Algerian hypertensive patients: effects on metabolic and oxidative parameters. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 79:147-53. [PMID: 25499852 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of calcium antagonists (amlodipine) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (telmisartan) on lipid profile and oxidative markers were investigated in Algerian hypertensive patients. At the beginning and after 1 year of antihypertensive therapy, blood samples are collected for determination of biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine) and oxidative markers (malondialdehyde, carbonyl proteins, nitric oxide, superoxide anion, vitamin C, glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase). The results of this study indicate that telmisartan and amlodipine are effective antihypertensive agents in the treatment of hypertension because a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed in all hypertensive patients after 1 year of treatment. Our results show also that telmisartan and amlodipine treatments counteracted hypertension-dependent lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress. Telmisartan treatment appears to be more efficient than amlodipine treatment. In addition, telmisartan, which reversed all lipid and redox changes associated with hypertension, should be prescribed, especially in hypertensive patients with hypertriglyceridemia and with severe oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chafika El Hassar
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology, and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe
| | - Hafida Merzouk
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology, and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe.
| | - Sid Ahmed Merzouk
- Department of Technical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Nassima Malti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology, and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe
| | - Abderrahim Meziane
- Cardiology Department, Tlemcen University Hospital Center, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Michel Narce
- INSERM UMR 866, "Lipids Nutrition Cancer," Faculty of Life, Earth, and Environment Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon 21000, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tommasi S, Zanato C, Lewis BC, Nair PC, Dall'Angelo S, Zanda M, Mangoni AA. Arginine analogues incorporating carboxylate bioisosteric functions are micromolar inhibitors of human recombinant DDAH-1. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:11315-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01843a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Arginine analogues incorporating carboxylate bioisosteric functional groups exhibit low micromolar inhibitory potential against human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), a key enzyme in the nitric oxide pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tommasi
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- School of Medical Sciences
- University of Aberdeen
- Aberdeen AB25 2ZD
| | - Chiara Zanato
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- School of Medical Sciences
- University of Aberdeen
- Aberdeen AB25 2ZD
| | - Benjamin C. Lewis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- School of Medicine
- Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre
- Australia
| | - Pramod C. Nair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- School of Medicine
- Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre
- Australia
| | - Sergio Dall'Angelo
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- School of Medical Sciences
- University of Aberdeen
- Aberdeen AB25 2ZD
| | - Matteo Zanda
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- School of Medical Sciences
- University of Aberdeen
- Aberdeen AB25 2ZD
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- School of Medicine
- Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Skrzypkowska M, Myśliwska J, Słomiński B, Siebert J, Gutknecht P, Ryba-Stanisławowska M. Quantitative and functional characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 2014; 29:324-30. [PMID: 25296717 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2014.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Populations of peripheral blood CD34(+) cells comprise precursors of endothelial cells. These precursors are crucial to cardiovascular homeostasis. Hypertension, as one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, is associated with the loss of endothelium structural integrity and its functional impairment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the subsets of endothelial precursor cells in patients with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension. Twenty-four newly diagnosed, previously untreated hypertensive patients aged 59.5 ± 12.5 years, were enrolled into the study group, whereas the control group comprised 45 healthy subjects, 55.5±10.0 years old. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were analysed by flow cytometry. The results showed that hypertensive patients were characterized by a significantly higher percentage and number of the CD34(+) cells and simultaneously less differentiated CD34(+)CD45(dim/neg)CD133(+) progenitors. The percentage and number of CD34(+)CD45(neg)VEGFR2(+) and CD34(+)CD45(neg)CD133(+)VEGFR2(+) cells were not different from the control group. Moreover, patients had a significantly lower percentage and number of the CD34(+)CD45(neg)VEGFR2(+)CXCR4(+) and CD34(+)CD45(neg)VEGFR2(+)ICAM-1(+) cells than healthy individuals. These changes were paralleled by early symptoms of nephropathy, that is, lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values and borderline micro albuminuria. Our results indicate that an elevation in the number of less differentiated progenitors may be a mechanism compensating for defects of migration and adhesion, present in a more differentiated subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Skrzypkowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - J Myśliwska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - B Słomiński
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - J Siebert
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - P Gutknecht
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - M Ryba-Stanisławowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Larson MC, Hillery CA, Hogg N. Circulating membrane-derived microvesicles in redox biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:214-28. [PMID: 24751526 PMCID: PMC4465756 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microparticles or microvesicles (MVs) are subcellular membrane blebs shed from all cells in response to various stimuli. MVs carry a battery of signaling molecules, many of them related to redox-regulated processes. The role of MVs, either as a cause or as a result of cellular redox signaling, has been increasingly recognized over the past decade. This is in part due to advances in flow cytometry and its detection of MVs. Notably, recent studies have shown that circulating MVs from platelets and endothelial cells drive reactive species-dependent angiogenesis; circulating MVs in cancer alter the microenvironment and enhance invasion through horizontal transfer of mutated proteins and nucleic acids and harbor redox-regulated matrix metalloproteinases and procoagulative surface molecules; and circulating MVs from red blood cells and other cells modulate cell-cell interactions through scavenging or production of nitric oxide and other free radicals. Although our recognition of MVs in redox-related processes is growing, especially in the vascular biology field, much remains unknown regarding the various biologic and pathologic functions of MVs. Like reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, MVs were originally believed to have a solely pathological role in biology. And like our understanding of reactive species, it is now clear that MVs also play an important role in normal growth, development, and homeostasis. We are just beginning to understand how MVs are involved in various biological processes-developmental, homeostatic, and pathological-and the role of MVs in redox signaling is a rich and exciting area of investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Craig Larson
- Department of Biophysics and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Cheryl A Hillery
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Neil Hogg
- Department of Biophysics and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
González-Guardia L, Yubero-Serrano EM, Rangel-Zuñiga O, Marin C, Camargo A, Pérez-Martínez P, Delgado-Lista J, Gómez-Delgado F, Garcia-Rios A, Tinahones FJ, Roche HM, Pérez-Jiménez F, López-Miranda J. Influence of endothelial dysfunction on telomere length in subjects with metabolic syndrome: LIPGENE study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9681. [PMID: 25012274 PMCID: PMC4150903 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9681-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous evidences support that increased oxidative stress (OxS) may play an important role in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and both are closely linked to vascular dysfunction. This study determined whether there is a relationship between endothelial function and relative telomere length (RTL) in MetS subjects. In this cross-sectional study from the LIPGENE cohort, a total of 88 subjects (36 men and 52 women) were divided into four groups by quartiles of telomere length. We measured ischemic reactive hyperemia (IRH), total nitrite (NO) and protein carbonyl (PC) plasma levels, F2-isoprostanes urinary levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) plasma activities. IRH and NO plasma levels were higher in subjects with longer RTL (quartiles 3 and 4), while PC plasma levels, F2-isoprostanes urinary levels, and GPx and SOD plasma activities were lower in quartile 4 subjects (longest RTL). Additionally, MetS subjects with longer RTL had greater homeostatic model assessment-β level and lower triglycerides plasma levels. Our results suggest that endothelial dysfunction, associated with high levels of OxS, could be entailed in an increment of telomere attrition. Thus, further support of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in vascular dysfunction may contribute to the development of strategies to decelerate vascular aging or prevent cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena González-Guardia
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena María Yubero-Serrano
- />Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Oriol Rangel-Zuñiga
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Marin
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Camargo
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Gómez-Delgado
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- />Biomedical Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Department, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain
| | - Helen M. Roche
- />Nutrigenomics Research Group, School of Public Health and Population Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francisco Pérez-Jiménez
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n., 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- />CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dong X, Li D, Liu H, Zhao Y. SOD3 and eNOS genotypes are associated with SOD activity and NO x.. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:328-334. [PMID: 24944642 PMCID: PMC4061193 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, characterized by increased reactive oxygen species production and/or decreased antioxidant enzyme activity, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The identification of molecular markers corresponding to the oxidative stress status of hypertension may assist in the antioxidant therapy of hypertension. In the present study, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were analyzed as markers of hypertension responding to oxidative stress. The plasma SOD activity and mononitrogen oxides (NOx) concentration were measured, and the SOD3 Ala58Thr and eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphisms were genotyped in hypertensive patients and normotensive controls. Further association experiments were replicated in an extended population, including 343 hypertensive patients and 290 controls. The results demonstrated that no statistically significant differences in the total SOD activity and NOx concentration were identified between the hypertensive patients and controls. However, the plasma SOD activity levels in the SOD3 Ala/Ala homozygote carriers (80.51±27.68 U/ml) were significantly lower compared with the Thr allele carriers (92.18±16.37 U/ml; P=0.031). In addition, the plasma NOx concentration in the eNOS Glu/Glu homozygote carriers (129.66±59.15 μmol/l) was significantly lower compared with the Asp allele carriers (169.84± 55.18 μmol/l; P=0.010). Notably, the altered SOD activity levels and NOx concentration were in concordance in 56.3% of the 80 participants. Therefore, the concordance of decreased SOD activity and NOx concentration, combined with genotypes of SOD3 Ala/Ala and/or eNOS Glu/Glu in hypertensive patients, may be useful in directing the antioxidant therapy of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Dong
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Dejun Li
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China ; Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mohamed IN, Hafez SS, Fairaq A, Ergul A, Imig JD, El-Remessy AB. Thioredoxin-interacting protein is required for endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell death in a rat model of high-fat diet. Diabetologia 2014; 57:413-23. [PMID: 24201577 PMCID: PMC3947289 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Obesity and hypertension, known pro-inflammatory states, are identified determinants for increased retinal microvascular abnormalities. However, the molecular link between inflammation and microvascular degeneration remains elusive. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is recognised as an activator of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. This study aims to examine TXNIP expression and elucidate its role in endothelial inflammasome activation and retinal lesions. METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and control Wistar (W) rats were compared with groups fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (W+F and SHR+F) for 8-10 weeks. RESULTS Compared with W controls, HFD alone or in combination with hypertension significantly induced formation of acellular capillaries, a hallmark of retinal ischaemic lesions. These effects were accompanied by significant increases in lipid peroxidation, nitrotyrosine and expression of TXNIP, nuclear factor κB, TNF-α and IL-1β. HFD significantly increased interaction of TXNIP-NLRP3 and expression of cleaved caspase-1 and cleaved IL-1β. Immunolocalisation studies identified TXNIP expression within astrocytes and Müller cells surrounding retinal endothelial cells. To model HFD in vitro, human retinal endothelial (HRE) cells were stimulated with 400 μmol/l palmitate coupled to BSA (Pal-BSA). Pal-BSA triggered expression of TXNIP and its interaction with NLRP3, resulting in activation of caspase-1 and IL-1β in HRE cells. Silencing Txnip expression in HRE cells abolished Pal-BSA-mediated cleaved IL-1β release into medium and cell death, evident by decreases in cleaved caspase-3 expression and the proportion of live to dead cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings provide the first evidence for enhanced TXNIP expression in hypertension and HFD-induced retinal oxidative/inflammatory response and suggest that TXNIP is required for HFD-mediated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of IL-1β in endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam N Mohamed
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, 1120 15th Street, HM-1200, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Qian LB, Fu JY, Cai X, Xia ML. Betulinic acid inhibits superoxide anion-mediated impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aortas. Indian J Pharmacol 2013; 44:588-92. [PMID: 23112419 PMCID: PMC3480790 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the protective effect of betulinic acid (BA) on endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in rat aortas exposed to pyrogallol-produced superoxide anion and its underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: The thoracic aorta of male Sprague-Dawley rats was isolated to mount in the organ bath system and the effect of BA on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced EDR, nitric oxide (NO) level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of aortic rings exposed to pyrogallol (500 μM) for 15 min were measured. Results: BA evoked a concentration-dependent EDR in aortas, and pretreatment with EC50 (2.0 μM) concentration of BA markedly enhanced ACh-induced EDR of aortas exposed to pyrogallol-produced superoxide anion (Emax rose from 23.91 ± 5.41% to 42.45 ± 9.99%), which was markedly reversed by both Nw -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and methylene blue, but not by indomethacin. Moreover, BA significantly inhibited the increase of ROS level, as well as the decrease of NO level, the endothelial NOS (eNOS) activity, and the SOD activity in aortas induced by pyrogallol-derived superoxide anion. Conclusion: These results indicate that BA reduces the impairment of EDR in rat aortas exposed to exogenous superoxide anion, which may closely relate to the reduction of oxidative stress and activation of eNOS–NO pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Bo Qian
- Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Palma Sánchez D, Rubio Velazquez E, Soro Marín S, Reyes García R. Toxicidad retiniana por antipalúdicos: frecuencia y factores de riesgo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 9:259-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
50
|
Sesamin ameliorates arterial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats via downregulation of NADPH oxidase subunits and upregulation of eNOS expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:912-20. [PMID: 23624755 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Sesamin is one of the major lignans in sesame seeds with antihyperlipidemic, antioxidative and antihypertensive activities. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sesamin on arterial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS SHRs were orally administered sesamin (40, 80 and 160 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) for 16 weeks. After the rats were killed, thoracic aortas were dissected out. The vasorelaxation responses of aortic rings to ACh and nitroprusside were measured. The expression of eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p22(phox) in aortas were detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Aortic nitrotyrosine was measured with ELISA. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and MDA levels in aortas were also determined. RESULTS The aortic rings of SHRs showed significantly smaller ACh-induced and nitroprusside-induced relaxation than those of control rats. Treatment of SHRs with sesamin increased both the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation of aortic rings in a dose-dependent manner. In aortas of SHRs, the level of T-AOC and the expression of nitrotyrosine, p22(phox) and p47(phox) proteins were markedly increased, while the level of MDA and the expression of eNOS protein were significantly decreased. Treatment of SHRs with sesamin dose-dependently reversed these biochemical and molecular abnormalities in aortas. CONCLUSION Long-term treatment with sesamin improves arterial function in SHR through the upregulation of eNOS expression and downregulation of p22(phox) and p47(phox) expression.
Collapse
|