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Mohammadi M, Baleghi Y, Salehiomran M, Hajiahmadi M, Poornasrollah M, Alijanpour P, Alijanpour M. Evaluation of Vitamin D Level in Children With Febrile Seizure Referred to Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol. Glob Pediatr Health 2023; 10:2333794X231198390. [PMID: 38143518 PMCID: PMC10748926 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x231198390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. This study aim to evaluate the level of vitamin D with the incidence of febrile seizure. Method. This case-control study was conducted on 90 febrile children referred to Amirkola Children's Hospital from 19 February to 21 August 2021. Febrile children with and without seizures were considered as case and control groups, respectively. Vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. Results. The mean level of vitamin D was not significant between the 2 groups (P = .62), but the mean level of alkaline phosphatase was higher in the case group, statistically (P = .04). 46.75% and 15.6% of case group, 28.9% and 26.7% of control group had deficiency and insufficiency levels of vitamin D, respectively (P = .17). Conclusion. In this study the mean level and deficiency of Vitamin D were not significant between the 2 groups. No correlation was also found between Vitamin D levels and the incidence of Febrile Seizure.
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Dogaru CB, Duță C, Muscurel C, Stoian I. "Alphabet" Selenoproteins: Implications in Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15344. [PMID: 37895024 PMCID: PMC10607139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a group of proteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine (Sec, U) as the 21st amino acid coded in the genetic code. Their synthesis depends on dietary selenium uptake and a common set of cofactors. Selenoproteins accomplish diverse roles in the body and cell processes by acting, for example, as antioxidants, modulators of the immune function, and detoxification agents for heavy metals, other xenobiotics, and key compounds in thyroid hormone metabolism. Although the functions of all this protein family are still unknown, several disorders in their structure, activity, or expression have been described by researchers. They concluded that selenium or cofactors deficiency, on the one hand, or the polymorphism in selenoproteins genes and synthesis, on the other hand, are involved in a large variety of pathological conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, muscular, oncological, hepatic, endocrine, immuno-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the specific roles of selenoproteins named after letters of the alphabet in medicine, which are less known than the rest, regarding their implications in the pathological processes of several prevalent diseases and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Corina Muscurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (I.S.)
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Çığrı E, İnan FÇ. Comparison of Serum Selenium, Homocysteine, Zinc, and Vitamin D Levels in Febrile Children with and without Febrile Seizures: A Prospective Single-Center Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10030528. [PMID: 36980086 PMCID: PMC10047637 DOI: 10.3390/children10030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Febrile seizure is a complication that makes physicians and families uneasy when detected in children with a high fevers. This study aimed to compare children with febrile seizures and children without seizures in blood selenium, zinc, homocysteine, vitamin D, vitamin B12, and magnesium levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group included sixty-one children between the ages of 1-5 who came to the pediatric emergency department with febrile seizure. The control group had 61 children with fever without seizure, who were compatible with the study group in age, sex, and elapsed time since the onset of fever. Blood samples were taken from the patients during their admission. Selenium, zinc, vitamin D, homocysteine, vitamin B12, and magnesium levels were measured, and the data of the two groups were compared. Additionally, patients in the study group had two subgroups, simple and complex febrile seizures, and their parameters were compared. RESULTS Selenium, zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.001), and there was no significant difference in homocysteine (p = 0.990) and magnesium levels (p = 0.787) between the two groups. Moreover, no significant difference was found between those with simple and complex febrile seizures in selenium, vitamin D, homocysteine, vitamin B12, and magnesium levels. CONCLUSIONS Elevated levels of selenium, zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 in the blood of children with fevers help to prevent febrile seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Çığrı
- Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey
| | - Funda Çatan İnan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey
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Bakhtiari E, Heydarian F, Khalesi M, Jafarian F, Heidarian M. A Comparison Between Serum Selenium Level in Febrile Children with or Without Seizure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3103-3106. [PMID: 34617242 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of trace elements in febrile seizure (FS) was considered recently. The present study was performed evaluating the serum level of selenium in febrile children aged 6-60 months with and without seizure. A cross-sectional study was performed in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Sixty patients aged 6-60 months including 30 children with FS and 30 febrile children without seizure were included. Blood sample was taken, and the serum level of selenium was measured. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Sixteen patients in FS group (53.3%) and 10 patients in febrile group (33.3%) were males with an average age of 25.21 ± 15.91 and 26.47 ± 17.61 months, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups in age and sex (p = 0.77 and p = 0.19, respectively). The serum level of selenium was 87.34 ± 8.23 and 89.63 ± 9.83 µg/L in FS and febrile groups, respectively. Difference was not significant (p = 0.33). In children aged less than 1 year, the serum level of selenium in FS and febrile group was 83.32 ± 6.2 µg/L and 82.55 ± 8.32 µg/L, respectively. Difference was not significant (p = 0.87). In children aged more than 1 year, the serum level of selenium in FS significantly was lower compared to febrile group (87.96 ± 8.42 µg/L and 93.17 ± 8.66 µg/L, respectively, p = 0.04). The serum level of selenium was lower in children aged more than 1 year with febrile seizure compared to febrile ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Bakhtiari
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farhad Heydarian
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam Khalesi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Moravej H, Rakhshandehroo S, Ilkhanipoor H, Amirhakimi A, Rostami K, Yazdani N, Moghtaderi M, Mazlumi-abrazgah S. Role of Selenium Deficiency in Pediatrics with Acquired Hypothyroidism. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:83. [PMID: 34584649 PMCID: PMC8428320 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_432_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although selenium is one of the nutrients that has an important role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, it has been investigated in rare studies. This study aimed to evaluate role of selenium deficiency in children and adolescents with acquired hypothyroidism. METHODS This case and control study was conducted on 60 acquired hypothyroidism and 60 healthy children who had been referred to the pediatrics endocrine clinic in Shiraz, Iran, from November 2018 to April 2019. Some information such as age, gender, weight, height, duration of disease, and level of plasma selenium were recorded. Plasma selenium level was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS software 21.0. RESULTS The mean of selenium level in the case and control groups were 93.77 ± 24.90 μg/dl and 85.96 ± 25.20 μg/dl, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the mean levels of selenium. Independent t-test showed no significant difference in the mean levels of selenium in male and female samples in the case group, but this difference was significant in the control group. CONCLUSION Selenium deficiency may not have significant role as a cause of acquired hypothyroidism in pediatric and adolescent age group, in south of Iran. Thus, it does not seem necessary to routinely check the level of selenium for patients with thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moravej
- Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Rakhshandehroo
- Managing Director of Peyvand Pathobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Homa Ilkhanipoor
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anis Amirhakimi
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khashayar Rostami
- Department of Pediatric, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Yazdani
- Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Moghtaderi
- Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sharma G, Shin EJ, Sharma N, Nah SY, Mai HN, Nguyen BT, Jeong JH, Lei XG, Kim HC. Glutathione peroxidase-1 and neuromodulation: Novel potentials of an old enzyme. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 148:111945. [PMID: 33359022 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) acts in co-ordination with other signaling molecules to exert its own antioxidant role. We have demonstrated the protective effects of GPx,/GPx-1, a selenium-dependent enzyme, on various neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, and convulsive disorders). In addition, we summarized the recent findings indicating that GPx-1 might play a role as a neuromodulator in neuropsychiatric conditions, such as, stress, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and drug intoxication. In this review, we attempted to highlight the mechanistic scenarios mediated by the GPx/GPx-1 gene in impacting these neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and hope to provide new insights on the therapeutic interventions against these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Pharmacy Faculty, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Bao Trong Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Ibrahim SAZ, Kerkadi A, Agouni A. Selenium and Health: An Update on the Situation in the Middle East and North Africa. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071457. [PMID: 31252568 PMCID: PMC6682981 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important trace element that should be present in the diet of all age groups to provide an adequate intake. Se is incorporated in 25 known selenoproteins, which mediate the biological effects of Se including, immune response regulation, maintenance of thyroid function, antioxidant defense, and anti-inflammatory actions. A balanced intake of Se is critical to achieve health benefits because depending on its status, Se has been found to play physiological roles or contribute to the pathophysiology of various diseases including, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. Se status and intake are very important to be known for a specific population as the levels of Se are highly variable among different populations and regions. In the Middle East and North African (MENA) region, very little is known about the status of Se. Studies available show that Se status is widely variable with some countries being deficient, some over sufficient, and some sufficient. This variability was apparent even within the same country between regions. In this review, we summarized the key roles of Se in health and disease and discussed the available data on Se status and intake among countries of the MENA region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohayla A Z Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelhamid Kerkadi
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Sharma SK, Bansal MP, Sandhir R. Altered dietary selenium influences brain iron content and behavioural outcomes. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:112011. [PMID: 31212061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that provides antioxidant defence through selenoproteins, but at high concentrations, deleterious effects have been reported. The present study examines the antioxidant response in brain regions and behavioural functions in mice under various dietary Se paradigms; Se-deficient, Se-adequate and Se-excess. Se levels were found to be reduced in the cortex and hippocampus of Se-deficient animals, whereas no change was observed in animals on Se-excess diet. In the hippocampus, iron (Fe) levels increased in animals on Se-deficient and Se-excess diets. Moreover, in Se-deficient animals, Fe levels increased in cortex also. Interestingly, Se content in the hair positively correlated with the dietary Se intake. Total and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity decreased in the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of animals on Se-deficient diet. On the other hand, the activity of these enzymes decreased in the cortex of animals on Se-excess diet. Further, lipid peroxidation increased in the cortex of animals on Se-deficient diet and in the hippocampus of animals on Se-excess diet. Cognitive functions assessed by Morris water maze and Y-maze tests revealed deficits in Se-deficient state. However, in Se-excess state cognitive deficits were observed only in Y-maze test. These findings suggest that long-term dietary variation in Se influences oxidative stress that impacts cognitive functions. Therefore, it is suggested that maintenance of Se status during postnatal development may be crucial for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Block-II, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mohinder Pal Bansal
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences Block-II, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Block-II, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Calderón Guzmán D, Juárez Olguín H, Osnaya Brizuela N, Hernández Garcia E, Lindoro Silva M. The Use of Trace and Essential Elements in Common Clinical Disorders: Roles in Assessment of Health and Oxidative Stress Status. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:13-20. [PMID: 30663392 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1557214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the early life, the diet of infants is mainly dominated by milk. Milk is a natural food rich in trace elements focus on essential elements. These elements are very necessary for human metabolism and since they cannot be synthesized by the body, the only source available for the humans to obtain them is by ingestion of natural food. This mini-review aims at updating the knowledge on trace elements, outlining their natural food sources, and their possible implications in common clinical disorders in early and adult life. However, it was found that consumption of food with micronutrients and trace elements may release intracellular compounds and offer oxidative protection or exacerbate oxidative damage to metabolically compromised cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- a Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- a Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Hernández Garcia
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Miroslava Lindoro Silva
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
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El-Masry HMA, Sadek AA, Hassan MH, Ameen HH, Ahmed HA. Metabolic profile of oxidative stress and trace elements in febrile seizures among children. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1509-1515. [PMID: 29946956 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Febrile seizures (FS) are frequent convulsive disorders, occurring in infants and young children. The present study aims to assess and compare the serum levels of oxidative stress markers and some essential trace minerals in FS with normal or abnormal EEG and evaluate the effect of antioxidant therapy on the clinical outcome. This study has been carried out on 80 children with FS (40 with simple FS and 40 with complex FS) and 40 febrile children without seizures. Clinical and EEG findings were recorded for the included patients. Biochemical assays of serum nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), using colorimetric methods, were measured in the studied groups. The overall results showed an increased values of NO, MDA and Cu with decreased values of SOD, Zn and Se in patients with FS (simple and complex) in comparison with febrile children without seizures (p < 0.05 for all). Additionally, NO and MDA was increased in complex FS patients with EEG abnormalities in comparison with complex FS with normal EEG findings (p < 0.05); NO and MDA were also significantly decreased after valproate therapy in complex FS patients (p < 0.05 for all). In conclusions, oxidative stress, decreased Zn and Se with increased Cu may play a role in FS. Valproate improves the oxidative stress status in complex FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosny M A El-Masry
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahim A Sadek
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohammed H Hassan
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
| | - Hesham H Ameen
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hosny A Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, Egypt
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Pearson-Smith JN, Patel M. Metabolic Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112365. [PMID: 29117123 PMCID: PMC5713334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The epilepsies are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the propensity to experience spontaneous recurrent seizures. Epilepsies can be genetic or acquired, and the underlying mechanisms of seizure initiation, seizure propagation, and comorbid conditions are incompletely understood. Metabolic changes including the production of reactive species are known to result from prolonged seizures and may also contribute to epilepsy development. In this review, we focus on the evidence that metabolic and redox disruption is both cause and consequence of epileptic seizures. Additionally, we discuss the promise of targeting redox processes as a therapeutic option in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Pearson-Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Manisha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Saghazadeh A, Mahmoudi M, Meysamie A, Gharedaghi M, Zamponi GW, Rezaei N. Possible role of trace elements in epilepsy and febrile seizures: a meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:760-79. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Stoffaneller R, Morse NL. A review of dietary selenium intake and selenium status in Europe and the Middle East. Nutrients 2015; 7:1494-537. [PMID: 25734564 PMCID: PMC4377864 DOI: 10.3390/nu7031494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a systematic review of existing data on dietary selenium (Se) intake and status for various population groups in Europe (including the United Kingdom (UK)) and the Middle East. It includes English language systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, cross-sectional and case-control studies obtained through PUBMED searches from January, 2002, to November, 2014, for European data and from 1990 to November 2014, for Middle Eastern data. Reports were selected if they included data on Se intake and status. The search identified 19 European/UK studies and 15 investigations in the Middle East that reported Se intake and Se concentration in water and/or food and 48 European/UK studies and 44 investigations in the Middle East reporting Se status. Suboptimal Se status was reported to be widespread throughout Europe, the UK and the Middle East, and these results agreed with previous reports highlighting the problem. Eastern European countries had lower Se intake than Western European countries. Middle Eastern studies provided varying results, possibly due to varying food habits and imports in different regions and within differing socioeconomic groups. In conclusion, Se intake and status is suboptimal in European and Middle Eastern countries, with less consistency in the Middle East.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Stoffaneller
- Station Road, Polegate, East Sussex, BN26 6EA, UK.
- Research consultant to Wassen International Ltd. Cedar Court Office Park, Denby Dale Road, Wakefield WF4 3DB, UK.
| | - Nancy L Morse
- Research consultant to Wassen International Ltd. Cedar Court Office Park, Denby Dale Road, Wakefield WF4 3DB, UK.
- Horsburgh Dr., Berwick, N.S., B0P 1E0, Canada.
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Pillai R, Uyehara-Lock JH, Bellinger FP. Selenium and selenoprotein function in brain disorders. IUBMB Life 2014; 66:229-39. [PMID: 24668686 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Selenoproteins are important for normal brain function, and decreased function of selenoproteins can lead to impaired cognitive function and neurological disorders. This review examines the possible roles of selenoproteins in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and epilepsy. Selenium deficiency is associated with cognitive decline, and selenoproteins may be helpful in preventing neurodegeneration in AD. PD is associated with impaired function of glutathione peroxidase selenoenzymes. In HD, selenium deters lipid peroxidation by increasing specific glutathione peroxidases. Selenium deficiency increases risk of seizures in epilepsy, whereas supplementation may help to alleviate seizures. Further studies on the mechanisms of selenoprotein function will increase our understanding of how selenium and selenoproteins can be used in treatment and prevention of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Pillai
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Salah ON, Abdelraouf ER, Abdelhameed MH, Dawood AA, Hashish AF, Kilany A, Helal SI. Assessment of the Level of GABA and Some Trace Elements in Blood in Children who Suffer from Familial Febrile Convulsions. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2014.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Febrile seizure is one of the most common neurological problems during childhood. The etiology and pathogenesis of febrile seizure remain unknown. However, several factors such as vitamin B6 deficiency, electrolyte disturbances, and reduction in serum zinc, selenium, magnesium levels, and low gamma - aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizure. The present study included twenty children from 10 families, 11 were male and 9 were female. Each family has at least 2 members with a history of febrile convulsion. All cases were subjected to the following: Determination of serum levels of copper, zinc, magnesium, selenium level in serum, and plasma level of γ-aminobytaric acid (GABA). Serum levels of selenium and GABA were statistically significantly low in comparison with controls. Serum copper was statistically significantly higher in cases than controls, while serum zinc showed no significant changes in the cases of febrile convulsion compared with the control group. The mean Zn level in the serum of febrile convulsion was found to be at lower level than in the control group. The serum magnesium was significantly low in cases than controls. The logistic regression model in our study shows that Selenium and Magnesium have protective effects, while Copper has causative effect.
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Yürekli VA, Nazıroğlu M. Selenium and topiramate attenuates blood oxidative toxicity in patients with epilepsy: a clinical pilot study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 152:180-6. [PMID: 23389846 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of epilepsy. We investigated effects of selenium (Se) and topiramate (TPM) combination supplementation on antioxidant and oxidant values in control and patients with epilepsy and refractory epilepsy. For the aim, we used control (n = 19), epilepsy + TPM (n = 19), epilepsy + TPM + Se (n = 15) groups. We also used control (n = 15), refractory epilepsy (n = 15), and refractory epilepsy + Se (n = 8) groups. TPM (0.2 mg/daily) and Se, as sodium selenite (twice daily with 0.1 mg doses), were orally supplemented to the patients for 45 days. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation levels were higher in refractory epilepsy groups than in control although its level and seizure numbers were decreased in TPM and TPM + Se supplemented groups of the patients. The erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), and vitamin E concentration in refractory epilepsy group were lower than in control. However, the erythrocyte and plasma TAS, erythrocyte GSH and GSH-Px, and plasma vitamins A and C values were increased either by Se or Se + TPM in epilepsy and refractory epilepsy groups. There were no effects of TPM and Se on plasma β-carotene values in the groups. In conclusion, TPM and selenium caused protective effects on the epilepsy and refractory epilepsy-induced oxidative injury by inhibiting free radical production and supporting antioxidant redox system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedat Ali Yürekli
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Antioxidant and Oxidant Molecular Pathways: Focus on Trace Elements. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33:589-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khoshdel A, Parvin N, Abbasi M. Selenium and leptin levels in febrile seizure: a case-control study in children. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2013; 56:80-5. [PMID: 23482826 PMCID: PMC3589595 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2013.56.2.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Febrile seizures (FS) are seizures that occur between the age of 6 and 60 months, but its pathophysiology still is not fully understood. There is limited information about the correlation between levels of selenium and leptin with FS. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum levels of selenium and leptin in children with FS. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in a University Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran, in 2011. The serum levels of selenium and leptin of 25 children with simple febrile seizure (case group) were compared with 25 febrile children without seizure (control group) in acute phase and after three months. The levels of serum selenium and leptin were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, respectively. RESULTS In acute phase, the mean serum level of selenium in case and control groups were 95.88±42.55 and 113.25±54.43 µg/dL, respectively, and difference was not significant (P=0.415), but after three months, this level had a significant increase in both groups (P<0.001). In acute phase, the mean serum leptin level in case and control groups were 0.94±0.5 and 0.98±0.84 ng/mL, respectively, but difference was not significant (P=0.405). After three months, serum leptin level had no significant change in both groups (P=0.882). CONCLUSION These observations suggest that serum levels of selenium and leptin have not specific relation with FS but overllay is lower, however, further study is recommended. Also selenium level in stress and acute phase was significantly lower than recovery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Khoshdel
- Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Abstract
Selenium is incorporated into selenoproteins that have a wide range of pleiotropic effects, ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to the production of active thyroid hormone. In the past 10 years, the discovery of disease-associated polymorphisms in selenoprotein genes has drawn attention to the relevance of selenoproteins to health. Low selenium status has been associated with increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, and cognitive decline. Higher selenium status or selenium supplementation has antiviral effects, is essential for successful male and female reproduction, and reduces the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease. Prospective studies have generally shown some benefit of higher selenium status on the risk of prostate, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers, but findings from trials have been mixed, which probably emphasises the fact that supplementation will confer benefit only if intake of a nutrient is inadequate. Supplementation of people who already have adequate intake with additional selenium might increase their risk of type-2 diabetes. The crucial factor that needs to be emphasised with regard to the health effects of selenium is the inextricable U-shaped link with status; whereas additional selenium intake may benefit people with low status, those with adequate-to-high status might be affected adversely and should not take selenium supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret P Rayman
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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Wilhelm EA, Souza ACG, Gai BM, Chagas PM, Roehrs JA, Nogueira CW. Hyperthermic seizures enhance responsiveness to pentylenetetrazole and induce cognitive dysfunction: protective effect of 3-alkynyl selenophene. Life Sci 2012; 90:666-72. [PMID: 22483695 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In this study we investigated the effect of pre-treatment with 3-alkynyl selenophene (3-ASP) against the increase in responsiveness to pentylenetetrazole [PTZ seizure threshold] and cognitive dysfunction induced by experimental febrile seizures (FS). The effects of 3-ASP were compared to those of diazepam (DZP). MAIN METHODS Young rats, at postnatal day 21, developed seizures after exposure to a stream of heated air to approximately 41°C. A non-spatial long-term memory and PTZ seizure threshold were determined 30 days after FS. The behavioural seizures were stereotyped followed by facial automatisms, often followed by body flexion. Young rats were pre-treated with 3-ASP (50 and 100mg/kg; per oral route), DZP (1 and 5mg/kg; intraperitoneally) or vehicle. KEY FINDINGS 3-ASP and DZP pre-treatments were not effective in protecting against seizures induced by FS. 3-ASP pre-treatment protected against the increase in responsiveness to PTZ and cognitive dysfunction induced by FS. DZP pre-treatment was effective in protecting against the increase in responsiveness to PTZ, but not, against the impaired memory induced by FS. SIGNIFICANCE 3-ASP pre-treatment protected against impairment of memory performance in the step-down passive avoidance task and the increase in the susceptibility to seizures caused by FS early in life of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel Antunes Wilhelm
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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