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Choi JB, Sim DY, Lee HJ, Park JE, Ahn CH, Park SY, Ko HJ, Khil JH, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. The microRNA-193a-5p induced ROS production and disturbed colocalization between STAT3 and androgen receptor play critical roles in cornin induced apoptosis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1059-1070. [PMID: 38158648 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Though cornin is known to induce angiogenic, cardioprotective, and apoptotic effects, the apoptotic mechanism of this iridoid monoglucoside is not fully understood in prostate cancer cells to date. To elucidate the antitumor mechanism of cornin, cytotoxicity assay, cell cycle analysis, Western blotting, RT-qPCR, RNA interference, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and inhibitor assay were applied in this work. Cornin exerted cytotoxicity, increased sub-G1 population, and cleaved PARP and caspase3 in LNCaP cells more than in DU145 cells. Consistently, cornin suppressed phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and disrupted the colocalization of STAT3 and androgen receptor (AR) in LNCaP and DU145 cells, along with suppression of AR, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and 5α-reductase in LNCaP cells. Furthermore, cornin increased ROS production and the level of miR-193a-5p, while ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine disturbed the ability of cornin to attenuate the expression of AR, p-STAT3, PSA, pro-PARP, and pro-caspase3 in LNCaP cells. Notably, miR-193a-5p mimics the enhanced apoptotic effect of cornin, while miR-193a-5p inhibitor reverses the ability of cornin to abrogate AR, PSA, and STAT3 in LNCaP cells. Our findings suggest that ROS production and the disturbed crosstalk between STAT3 and AR by microRNA-193a-5p are critically involved in the apoptotic effect of cornin in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhin-Baek Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hoon Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Joo Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Khil
- Institute of Sports Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lan T, Xu Y, Li S, Li N, Zhang S, Zhu H. Cornin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by preventing autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:82. [PMID: 36280856 PMCID: PMC9594897 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia stroke is the leading cause of disability, which is a consequence of vascular occlusion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cornin which is isolated from the fruit of Verbena officinalis L, against astrocytes autophagy induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury in vitro and in vivo and its potential mechanism. Methods Cornin at dose of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg were intravenously injected to MCAO rats at 15 min after reperfusion. The infarction volume, blood–brain barrier (BBB), neurological severity score (mNSS), and autophagy related protein were used to evaluated the protective effects and potential mechanism of cornin in autophagy with or without phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)inhibitor LY294002 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) small interfering RNA (siRNA) at 24 h after CI/R injury. The potential protective effects and mechanism of cornin at concention of 10 ~ 1000 nM were also evaluated in oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in U87 cells. Results The results suggest that cornin at dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg significantly reduce the cerebral infarction volume and blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and improve neurological recovery in MCAO rats. Cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels were significantly decreased, while B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and the apoptosis regulator ratio (Bcl-2/Bax) were markedly increased when treated with 2.5–10 mg/kg cornin. The obvious decreased expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myosin-like BCL2 interacting protein (Beclin-1) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II (LC3-II) and increased of neuronal nuclei (NeuN), sequestosome-1 (p62), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were observed in MCAO rats treated with 10 mg/kg cornin, which was counteracted by LY294002. The expression of autophagy-related proteins with or without LY294002 and mTOR siRNA presented the similar results as in vitro in OGD/R in U87 cells. Conclusions These results indicate that cornin improved neurological recovery after cerebral ischemia injury by preventing astrocytes autophagy induced by CI/R via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-022-00620-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Lan
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XDepartment of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shucui Li
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XDepartment of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XSchool of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XDepartment of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XSchool of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
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Przybylska D, Kucharska AZ, Sozański T. A Review on Bioactive Iridoids in Edible Fruits – from Garden to Food and Pharmaceutical Products. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2117375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A. Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - T. Sozański
- Department of Pharmacology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Khan A, Pervaiz A, Ansari B, Ullah R, Shah SMM, Khan H, Saeed Jan M, Hussain F, Ijaz Khan M, Albadrani GM, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Phytochemical Profiling, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidant and In-Silico Approach of Cornus macrophylla Bioss (Bark). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134081. [PMID: 35807324 PMCID: PMC9268425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the phytochemical and pharmacological potential of the Cornus macrophylla. C. macrophylla belongs to the family Cornaceae. It is locally known as khadang and is used for the treatment of different diseases such as analgesic, tonic, diuretic, malaria, inflammation, allergy, infections, cancer, diabetes, and lipid peroxidative. The crude extract and different fractions of C. macrophyll were evaluated by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), which identified the most potent bioactive phytochemicals. The antioxidant ability of C. macrophylla was studied by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) methods. The crude and subsequent fractions of the C. macrophylla were also tested against anti-inflammatory enzymes using COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) and 5-LOX (5-lipoxygenase) assays. The molecular docking was carried out using molecular operating environment (MOE) software. The GC-MS study of C. macrophylla confirmed forty-eight compounds in ethyl acetate (Et.AC) fraction and revealed that the Et.AC fraction was the most active fraction. The antioxidant ability of the Et.AC fraction showed an IC50 values of 09.54 μg/mL and 7.8 μg/mL against ABTS and DPPH assay respectively. Among all the fractions of C. macrophylla, Et.AC showed excellent activity against COX-2 and 5-LOX enzyme. The observed IC50 values were 93.35 μg/mL against COX-2 and 75.64 μg/mL for 5-LOX respectively. Molecular docking studies supported these in vitro results and confirmed the anti-inflammatory potential of C. macrophylla. C. macrophylla has promising potential as a source for the development of new drugs against inflammation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Ambar 94640, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.P.); (M.S.J.); (F.H.); (M.I.K.)
| | - Aini Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Ambar 94640, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.P.); (M.S.J.); (F.H.); (M.I.K.)
| | - Bushra Ansari
- Departement of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (B.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Muhammad Mukarram Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Ambar 94640, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.P.); (M.S.J.); (F.H.); (M.I.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-33-3925-6603
| | - Haroon Khan
- Departement of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (B.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Muhammad Saeed Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Ambar 94640, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.P.); (M.S.J.); (F.H.); (M.I.K.)
| | - Fida Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Ambar 94640, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.P.); (M.S.J.); (F.H.); (M.I.K.)
| | - Mohammad Ijaz Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Ambar 94640, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.P.); (M.S.J.); (F.H.); (M.I.K.)
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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5
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Tenuta MC, Deguin B, Loizzo MR, Cuyamendous C, Bonesi M, Sicari V, Trabalzini L, Mitaine-Offer AC, Xiao J, Tundis R. An Overview of Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Edible Fruits of European and Asian Cornus Species. Foods 2022; 11:1240. [PMID: 35563963 PMCID: PMC9102190 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornus species are widely distributed in central and southern Europe, east Africa, southwest Asia, and America. Several species are known for edible fruits, especially Cornus mas and Cornus officinalis. These delicious fruits, characterized by their remarkable nutritional and biological values, are widely used in traditional medicine. In contrast to the other edible Cornus species, C. mas and C. officinalis are the most studied for which little information is available on the main phytochemicals and their biological activities. Fruits are characterised by several classes of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, anthocyanins, tannins, triterpenoids, and iridoids. The available phytochemical data show that the different classes of metabolites have not been systematically studied. However, these edible species are all worthy of interest because similarities have been found. Thus, this review describes the traditional uses of Cornus species common in Europe and Asia, a detailed classification of the bioactive compounds that characterize the fruits, and their beneficial health effects. Cornus species are a rich source of phytochemicals with nutritional and functional properties that justify the growing interest in these berries, not only for applications in the food industry but also useful for their medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.C.T.); (M.R.L.); (M.B.); (R.T.)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Cité, U.M.R. n°8038-CiTCoM-(CNRS, Université de Paris Cité), F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Brigitte Deguin
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Cité, U.M.R. n°8038-CiTCoM-(CNRS, Université de Paris Cité), F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.C.T.); (M.R.L.); (M.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Claire Cuyamendous
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Cité, U.M.R. n°8038-CiTCoM-(CNRS, Université de Paris Cité), F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.C.T.); (M.R.L.); (M.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Sicari
- Department of Agraria, “Mediterranea” University of Reggio Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Lorenza Trabalzini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Anne-Claire Mitaine-Offer
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 87900, CEDEX, F-21079 Dijon, France;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain;
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.C.T.); (M.R.L.); (M.B.); (R.T.)
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Lee D, Alishir A, Jang TS, Kim KH. Identification of Bioactive Natural Product from the Stems and Stem Barks of Cornus walteri: Benzyl Salicylate Shows Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:443. [PMID: 33805999 PMCID: PMC8064495 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornus walteri (Cornaceae), known as Walter's dogwood, has been used to treat dermatologic inflammation and diarrheal disease in traditional oriental medicine. As part of an ongoing research project to discover natural products with biological activities, the anti-inflammatory potential of compounds from C. walteri in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages were explored. Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extract of the stem and stem bark of C. walteri led to the isolation of 15 chemical constituents. These compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the production of the proinflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-stimulated macrophages, as measured by NO assays. The molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory activity were investigated using western blotting. Our results demonstrated that among 15 chemical constituents, lupeol and benzyl salicylate inhibited NO production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Benzyl salicylate was more efficient than NG-monomethyl-L-arginine mono-acetate salt (L-NMMA) in terms of its inhibitory effect. In addition, the mechanism of action of benzyl salicylate consisted of the inhibition of phosphorylation of IκB kinase alpha (IKKα), IκB kinase beta (IKKβ), inhibitor of kappa B alpha (IκBα), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, benzyl salicylate inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Taken together, these results suggest that benzyl salicylate present in the stem and stem bark of C. walteri has potential anti-inflammatory activity, supporting the potential application of this compound in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Akida Alishir
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Tae Su Jang
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
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De La Pascua DR, Smith-Winterscheidt C, Dowell JA, Goolsby EW, Mason CM. Evolutionary trade-offs in the chemical defense of floral and fruit tissues across genus Cornus. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2020; 107:1260-1273. [PMID: 32984956 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Defense investment in plant reproductive structures is relatively understudied compared to the defense of vegetative organs. Here the evolution of chemical defenses in reproductive structures is examined in light of the optimal defense, apparency, and resource availability hypotheses within the genus Cornus using a phylogenetic comparative approach in relation to phenology and native habitat environmental data. METHODS Individuals representing 25 Cornus species were tracked for reproductive phenology over a full growing season at the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. Floral, fruit, and leaf tissue was sampled to quantify defensive chemistry as well as fruit nutritional traits relevant to bird dispersal. Native habitat environmental characteristics were estimated using locality data from digitized herbarium records coupled with global soil and climate data sets. RESULTS The evolution of later flowering was correlated with increased floral tannins, and the evolution of later fruiting was correlated with increased total phenolics. Leaves were found to contain the highest tannin activity, while inflorescences contained the highest total flavonoids. Multiple aspects of fruit defensive chemistry were correlated with fruit nutritional traits. Floral and fruit defensive chemistry were evolutionarily correlated with aspects of native habitat temperature, precipitation, and soil characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Results provide tentative support for the apparency hypothesis with respect to both flower and fruit phenology, while relative concentrations of secondary metabolites across organs provide mixed support for the optimal defense hypothesis. The evolution of reproductive defense with native habitat provides, at best, mixed support for the resource availability hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jordan A Dowell
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Eric W Goolsby
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Chase M Mason
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
- Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02131, USA
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8
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Lee D, Lee SR, Kang KS, Kim KH. Benzyl salicylate from the stems and stem barks of Cornus walteri as a nephroprotective agent against cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death in LLC-PK1 cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5777-5784. [PMID: 35497438 PMCID: PMC9049590 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl salicylate from Cornus walteri can be a nephroprotective agent against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine
- Gachon University
- Seongnam 13120
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- Republic of Korea
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Fontana G, Bruno M, Notarbartolo M, Labbozzetta M, Poma P, Spinella A, Rosselli S. Cytotoxicity of oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives toward hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluation of NF-κB involvement. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103054. [PMID: 31212180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic and ursolic acids are two ubiquitous isomeric triterpene phytochemicals known for their anticancer activity. A set of derivatives of the two compounds with a modified oxidation state and lipophylicity at C-3 and C-28 positions, were prepared and tested as anticancer agents versus the lines HepG2, Hep3B and HA22T/VGH of hepatocarcinoma, a strongly aggressive tumor that is not responsive toward the standard therapies. New derivatives containing a three carbons side chain on the C-3 position were synthetized in both stereoisomeric forms by the Barbier-Grignard procedure and three of them were found to be active toward all of the three targets. The implication of the transcriptional nuclear factor NF-κB in the mechanism of action was assessed for the more active compounds in the set, as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cyto-types are known to overexpress NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Fontana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Monica Notarbartolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Manuela Labbozzetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Paola Poma
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alberto Spinella
- Centro Grandi Apparecchiature (CGA) - ATeN Center, University of Palermo, via F. Marini 14, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Sergio Rosselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
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10
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Hwangbo H, Kwon DH, Choi EO, Kim MY, Ahn KI, Ji SY, Kim JS, Kim KI, Park NJ, Kim BH, Kim GY, Hong SH, Park C, Jeong JS, Choi YH. Corni Fructus attenuates testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia by suppressing 5α-reductase and androgen receptor expression in rats. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:378-386. [PMID: 30323905 PMCID: PMC6172175 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.5.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a major cause of abnormal overgrowth of the prostate mainly in the elderly. Corni Fructus has been reported to be effective in the prevention and treatment of various diseases because of its strong antioxidant effect, but its efficacy against BPH is not yet known. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Corni Fructus water extract (CF) in testosterone-induced BPH rats. MATERIALS/METHODS To induce BPH, rats were intraperitoneal injected with testosterone propionate (TP). Rats in the treatment group were orally administered with CF with TP injection, and finasteride, which is a selective inhibitor of 5α-reductase type 2, was used as a positive control. RESULTS Our results showed that the increased prostate weight and histopathological changes in BPH model rats were suppressed by CF treatment. CF, similar to the finasteride-treated group, decreased the levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone by TP treatment in the serum, and it also reduced 5α-reductase expression and concentration in prostate tissue and serum, respectively. In addition, CF significantly blocked the expression of the androgen receptor (AR), AR co-activators, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in BPH rats, and this blocking was associated with a decrease in prostate-specific antigen levels in serum and prostate tissue. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CF may weaken the BPH status through the inactivation of at least 5α-reductase and AR activity and may be useful for the clinical treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hwangbo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Da He Kwon
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Kyu Im Ahn
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Jong Sik Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Kyung-Il Kim
- Gurye Sansooyu Farming Association Corporation, Jeonnam 57602, Korea
| | - No-Jin Park
- Gurye-gun Agricultural Center, Jeonnam 57660, Korea
| | - Bum Hoi Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Ji-Suk Jeong
- Gurye-gun Agricultural Center, Jeonnam 57660, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.,Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, 42 San, Yangjungdong, Busan 47227, Korea
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11
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Rugină D, Hanganu D, Diaconeasa Z, Tăbăran F, Coman C, Leopold L, Bunea A, Pintea A. Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Potential of Cyanidin-Based Anthocyanins on Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050949. [PMID: 28468289 PMCID: PMC5454862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderberries are known for their high anthocyanins content, which have been shown to possess anti-proliferative and anti-cancer effects. Anthocyanins enriched extract (AEE) was obtained from elderberries and was characterized by LC/DAD/ESI-MS analysis. Five cyanidin-based anthocyanins were identified, among which Cy-3-O-samb was the major compound (51%). The total anthocyanins content of AEE was 495 mg Cy-3-O-samb/100 g FW. AEE inhibited proliferation of metastatic B16-F10 murine melanoma cells, in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 264.3 μg/mL. LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), as a marker of membrane integrity, increased 74% in B16-F10 cells treated with 250 μg/mL AEE, compared to control. It was observed that apoptosis is the mechanism of melanoma cell death after AEE treatment, confirmed morphologically by acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining and TUNEL analysis. These results indicate that elderberry-derived anthocyanins might be utilized in future applications as topical adjuvant in skin cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumitriţa Rugină
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Victor Babeș Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Zoriţa Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Flaviu Tăbăran
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Coman
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Loredana Leopold
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andrea Bunea
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adela Pintea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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12
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Dinda B, Kyriakopoulos AM, Dinda S, Zoumpourlis V, Thomaidis NS, Velegraki A, Markopoulos C, Dinda M. Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry), an important European and Asian traditional food and medicine: Ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology for its commercial utilization in drug industry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:670-690. [PMID: 27705748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry) fruits have been used for centuries as traditional cuisine and folk medicine in various countries of Europe and Asia. In folk medicines, the fruits and other parts of the plant have been used for prevention and treatment of a wide range of diseases such as diabetes, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, fevers, rheumatic pain, skin and urinary tract infections, kidney and liver diseases, sunstroke, among others. This review provides a systematic and constructive overview of ethnomedicinal uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of this plant as well as future research need for its commercial utilization as nutraceutical food supplement and medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is based on available literature on ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicity and clinical studies on Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry) fruits and other organs that was collected from electronic (SciFinder, PubMed, Science Direct and ACS among others) and library searches of books and journals. RESULTS Versatile ethnomedicinal uses of the plant in different European and Asian countries have been reported. Phytochemical investigations on different parts of this plant have resulted in the identification of 101 compounds, among which anthocyanins, flavonoids and iridoids are the predominant groups. The crude extracts of fruits and other parts of the plant and their pure isolates exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, cyto-, hepato-, neuro- and renalprotective, antiplatelet and antiglaucomic activities. Anthocyanins, flavonoids, iridoids and vitamin C are the major bioactive constituents of the fruits. Fruits are non-toxic and safe food on acute toxicity studies in rat and human models. Clinical trials in diabetic type2 and hyperlipidemic patients showed significant trends of amelioration in sugar level, insulin secretion in diabetic patients and amelioration of lipid profile, apolipoprotein status and vascular inflammation in hyperlipidemic patients. CONCLUSION Based on our review, Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry) fruits and leaves can be used mainly in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, skin diseases, gastrointestinal and rheumatic problems. Some indications from ethnomedicines have been validated by pharmacological activities of the fruits and its extracts/pure isolates. The reported data reveal that the fruits are a potential source for treatment of diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia and gastrointestinal disorders. Unfortunately, the pharmacological studies in these areas are still insufficient to substantiate these preventive effects in confirmatory trials on the mass-scale clinical settings. Future studies on mechanisms of action, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and adverse effects of the extracts and their bioactive constituents as well as their effective doses and long term toxic effects in humans are needed for commercial applications of these extracts/isolates in modern medicines. The available literature showed that most of the activities of the extracts are due to their constituents, anthocyanins, flavonoids and other phenolics, iridoids and vitamins for their antioxidant and other properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, Tripura, India.
| | | | - Subhajit Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Dasaratha Deb Memorial College, Khowai 799201, Tripura, India
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Application Unit, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, NHRF, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens, 15771 Greece
| | - Aristea Velegraki
- Mycology Laboratory, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | | | - Manikarna Dinda
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Son SY, Kim NK, Lee S, Singh D, Kim GR, Lee JS, Yang HS, Yeo J, Lee S, Lee CH. Metabolite fingerprinting, pathway analyses, and bioactivity correlations for plant species belonging to the Cornaceae, Fabaceae, and Rosaceae families. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1917-31. [PMID: 27344340 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A multi-parallel approach gauging the mass spectrometry-based metabolite fingerprinting coupled with bioactivity and pathway evaluations could serve as an efficacious tool for inferring plant taxonomic orders. Thirty-four species from three plant families, namely Cornaceae (7), Fabaceae (9), and Rosaceae (18) were subjected to metabolite profiling using gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole-ion trap-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-IT-MS/MS), followed by multivariate analyses to determine the metabolites characteristic of these families. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed the distinct clustering pattern of metabolites for each family. The pathway analysis further highlighted the relatively higher proportions of flavonols and ellagitannins in the Cornaceae family than in the other two families. Higher levels of phenolic acids and flavan-3-ols were observed among species from the Rosaceae family, while amino acids, flavones, and isoflavones were more abundant among the Fabaceae family members. The antioxidant activities of plant extracts were measured using ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays, and indicated that extracts from the Rosaceae family had the highest activity, followed by those from Cornaceae and Fabaceae. The correlation map analysis positively links the proportional concentration of metabolites with their relative antioxidant activities, particularly in Cornaceae and Rosaceae. This work highlights the pre-eminence of the multi-parallel approach involving metabolite profiling and bioactivity evaluations coupled with metabolic pathways as an efficient methodology for the evaluation of plant phylogenies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Na Kyung Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Ga Ryun Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Inchon, 22689, Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Inchon, 22689, Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Yang
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Inchon, 22689, Korea
| | - Joohong Yeo
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Inchon, 22689, Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Inchon, 22689, Korea.
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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14
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BARLIANA MELISAI, SURADJI EKAW, ABDULAH RIZKY, DIANTINI AJENG, HATABU TOSHIMITSU, NAKAJIMA-SHIMADA JUNKO, SUBARNAS ANAS, KOYAMA HIROSHI. Antiplasmodial properties of kaempferol-3- O-rhamnoside isolated from the leaves of Schima wallichii against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum.. Biomed Rep 2014; 2:579-583. [PMID: 24944812 PMCID: PMC4051491 DOI: 10.3892/br.2014.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous intervention studies have shown that the most effective agents used in the treatment of malaria were isolated from natural sources. Plants consumed by non-human primates serve as potential drug sources for human disease management due to the similarities in anatomy, physiology and disease characteristics. The present study investigated the antiplasmodial properties of the primate-consumed plant, Schima wallichii (S. wallichii) Korth. (family Theaceae), which has already been reported to have several biological activities. The ethanol extract of S. wallichii was fractionated based on polarity using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The antiplasmodial activity was tested in vitro against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) at 100 μg/ml for 72 h. The major compound of the most active ethyl acetate fraction was subsequently isolated using column chromatography and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance. The characterized compound was also tested against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum in culture to evaluate its antiplasmodial activity. The ethanol extract of S. wallichii at 100 μg/ml exhibited a significant parasite shrinkage after 24 h of treatment. The ethyl acetate fraction at 100 μg/ml was the most active fraction against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum. Based on the structural characterization, the major compound isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction was kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, which showed promising antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum with an IC50 of 106 μM after 24 h of treatment. The present study has provided a basis for the further investigation of kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside as an active compound for potential antimalarial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- MELISA I. BARLIANA
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - EKA W. SURADJI
- Department of Health, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua 98364, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - RIZKY ABDULAH
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - AJENG DIANTINI
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - TOSHIMITSU HATABU
- Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | | | - ANAS SUBARNAS
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - HIROSHI KOYAMA
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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15
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A Comprehensive Study on Antioxidant Properties of Crude Extracts from Fruits of Berberis vulgaris L., Cornus mas L. and Mahonia aquifolimum Nutt. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/v10222-012-0097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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Kim YS, Hwang JW, Kang SH, Kim HR, Je JY, Kim EH, Jeon YJ, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Protective effects of Cornus walteri W. extracts on t-BHP-induced cell damage through antioxidant activity. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0623-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Kang Z, Jiang W, Luan H, Zhao F, Zhang S. Cornin induces angiogenesis through PI3K–Akt–eNOS–VEGF signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:340-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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18
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Diantini A, Subarnas A, Lestari K, Halimah E, Susilawati Y, Supriyatna, Julaeha E, Achmad TH, Suradji EW, Yamazaki C, Kobayashi K, Koyama H, Abdulah R. Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside isolated from the leaves of Schima wallichii Korth. inhibits MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation through activation of the caspase cascade pathway. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:1069-1072. [PMID: 22783393 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants consumed by non-human primates represent potential drug sources for human disease management. In this study, we isolated kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside as an active compound from the leaves of Schima wallichii Korth., a plant commonly consumed by non-human primates. Its anti-cancer activities, including its ability to induce apoptotic mechanisms, were investigated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Results showed that in MCF-7 cells, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and promotes apoptosis via the activation of the caspase signaling cascade, which includes caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP. Our results provide a basis for further exploration of kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside as an active compound for potential anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeng Diantini
- Division of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
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19
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Kim KH, Choi SU, Kim YC, Lee KR. Tirucallane triterpenoids from Cornus walteri. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:54-59. [PMID: 21182258 DOI: 10.1021/np100660v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Twelve new tirucallane triterpenoids, named cornusalterins A-L (1-12), and two known tirucallane triterpenoids, deoxyflindissone (13) and (-)-leucophyllone (14), were isolated from a MeOH extract of stems and stem bark of Cornus walteri. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR analyses. Compounds 12 and 13, possessing a tetrahydrofuran ring in the side chain, exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against the A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and XF498 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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20
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Kim D, Park KK, Lee SK, Lee SE, Hwang JK. Cornus kousa F.Buerger ex Miquel increases glucose uptake through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and insulin sensitization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:803-809. [PMID: 21070843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Cornus kousa F.Buerger ex Miquel, an oriental medicinal plant, has been traditionally used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, but its molecular mechanism remains unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand-binding activity of Cornus kousa and to determine the effects of Cornus kousa on insulin sensitization in 3T3-L1 cells for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS PPARγ luciferase transactivation assay was used to evaluate the PPARγ ligand-binding activity of Cornus kousa leaf extract. Western blot analysis, oil Red O staining, and glucose uptake assay were performed to evaluate PPARγ agonistic activity and insulin sensitizing effects of Cornus kousa leaf extract (CKE) in 3T3-L1 cells. RESULTS CKE increased PPARγ ligand-binding activity in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, CKE enhanced adipogenesis and the expression of PPARγ target proteins, including glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and adiponectin, as well as proteins involved in adipogenesis, including PPARγ and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, CKE led to significant induction of glucose uptake and stimulated insulin signaling, but not to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The enhanced glucose uptake by CKE were abolished by treatment with bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (BADGE), a PPARγ antagonist, or LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), but not by compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. CONCLUSION Consistent with the high PPARγ ligand-binding activity, CKE increased glucose uptake through PPARγ activation and insulin signaling. These results suggest that CKE could have pharmacological effects for the treatment of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeyoung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Jiang WL, Zhang SP, Zhu HB, Tian JW. Cornin ameliorates cerebral infarction in rats by antioxidant action and stabilization of mitochondrial function. Phytother Res 2010; 24:547-52. [PMID: 20041427 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of cornin, an iridoid glycoside, in an experimental cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion (I/R), and to elucidate the potential mechanism. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to MCAO for 1 h, then reperfusion for 23 h. Behavioral tests were used to evaluate the damage to central nervous system. The cerebral infarct volume and histopathological damage were assessed to evaluate the brain pathophysiological changes. Spectrophotometric assay methods were used to determine the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx). Contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as respiratory control ratio and respiratory enzymes of the brain mitochondria were also determined. The results showed that cornin significantly decreased neurological deficit scores, and reduced cerebral infarct volume and degenerative neurons. Meanwhile, cornin significantly increased the brain ATP content, improved mitochondrial energy metabolism, inhibited the elevation of MDA content and ROS generation, and attenuated the decrease of SOD and GPx activities in brain mitochondria. These findings indicate that cornin has protective potential against cerebral ischemia injury and its protective effects may be due to amelioration of cerebral mitochondrial function and its antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Lin Jiang
- Pharmacy Department, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
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Frontela C, Canali R, Virgili F. Empleo de compuestos fenólicos en la dieta para modular la respuesta inflamatoria intestinal. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2010; 33:307-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Bowen-Forbes CS, Mulabagal V, Liu Y, Nair MG. Ursolic acid analogues: non-phenolic functional food components in Jamaican raspberry fruits. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Characterization and quantification of health beneficial anthocyanins in leaf chicory (Cichorium intybus) varieties. Eur Food Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-009-1144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mulabagal V, Subbaraju GV, Rao CV, Sivaramakrishna C, DeWitt DL, Holmes D, Sung B, Aggarwal BB, Tsay HS, Nair MG. Withanolide sulfoxide from Aswagandha roots inhibits nuclear transcription factor-kappa-B, cyclooxygenase and tumor cell proliferation. Phytother Res 2009; 23:987-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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