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Garrido-Valdes M, Díaz-Velis L, Valdes-Gonzalez M, Garrido-Suárez BB, Garrido G. Gastroprotective Role of Fruit Extracts in Gastric Damage Induced by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Systematic Review. J Med Food 2023; 26:777-798. [PMID: 37902784 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of the articles found in the past 11 years on the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts in gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this systematic review, including in vitro and in vivo models, to define the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts. Studies were selected by Rayyan using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The keywords for the search strategy were: "gastric injury," "gastric ulcer," "fruit," "indomethacin," and "aspirin." Twenty-two articles with animal models of gastric ulcers were included. The NSAIDs used were aspirin and indomethacin. To know the damage caused by these, the ulceration index and biomarkers, such as aggressive/defensive factors involved in the gastric ulceration process, were measured. Most studies have shown that fruit extracts have antiulcer activity, with the most abundant metabolites being flavonoids, followed by terpenes and alkaloids. Possible antiulcer activities such as antioxidant, cytoprotective, gastric acid antisecretory, anti-inflammatory, or angiogenesis stimulant were declared, manifested mainly as a reduction of lipid peroxidation products, an increase in antioxidant enzymes and prostaglandins, and by the formation of a protective film through protein precipitation in the ulcer area. This systematic review demonstrates the importance of fruit extracts as gastric protectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Garrido-Valdes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Leonor Díaz-Velis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | | | - Gabino Garrido
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
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Hassan HA, Ayoub IM, Ragab TIM, Afifi SM, El-Gendy AENG, Farrag ARH, Abd-ELGawad AM, Farag M, Elshamy A, Ammar NM. Metabolomics approach of Symphyotrichum squamatum ethanol extract and its nano-Ag formulation protective effect on gastric ulcer via bio-chemical and pathological analyses. Biomarkers 2023; 28:190-205. [PMID: 36484430 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2157488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ContextGastric ulcer (GU) a widely distributed ailment is associated with many causes, including alcohol consumption.Materials and MethodsChemical profiling of Symphyotrichum squamatum ethanol extract (SSEE) was established via ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-qTOF-MS) and employed in a silver nano-formulation (SSEE-N-Ag). SSEE and SSEE-N-Ag antiulcer activities were estimated against ethanol-induced rats by biochemical, histological, and metabolomics assessments. Reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity and prostaglandin E2 levels and gastric mucosa histopathological examination were analysed. The rats' metabolome changing alongside action pathways were elucidated via metabolite profile coupled to multivariate data analysis.ResultsUPLC-MS profiling of SSEE identified 75 components belonging to various classes. Compared with control, EtOH-treated rats showed decreased of tissue GSH, TAC and PGE2 by 62.32%, 51.85% and 47.03% respectively. SSEE and SSEE-N-Ag administration mitigated biochemical and histopathological alterations. Serum metabolomics analysis revealed for changes in several low molecular weight metabolites with ulcer development. These metabolites levels were restored to normal post-administration of SSEE-N-Ag. SSEE-N-Ag as mediated via modulating numerous metabolic pathways such as lipids, pyrimidine, energy metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signalling. This study provides novel insight for metabolic mechanisms underlying gastric ulcer relieving effect.ConclusionPresent results revealed potential antiulcer effect of SSEE and SSEE-N-Ag by decreasing ulcer-associated syndromes, supporting their anti-ulcerogenic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Hassan
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer I M Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed M Abd-ELGawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelsamed Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drugs Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Ajaib M, Ishtiaq S, Ishtiaq M, Maqbool M, Bhatti KH, Khan A, Afreen A, Hussain T, Sardar T, Gul A, Azeem M. Analysis of antidiabetic, antiulcer and analgesic potential of traditional ethnomedicinal plant Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. from Azad Jammu and Kashmir. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274706. [PMID: 36227949 PMCID: PMC9560475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research antidiabetic, analgesic and antiulcer potential of traditional ethnomedicinal plant: Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. (Family Polygonaceae) was evaluated by extracting its phytoconstituents using methanol (MeOH) solvent through maceration protocol. The quantitative phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed flavonoids were highest in leaf extract (15.63±0.93 mg/mL) and with (11.5±0.57 mg/mL) in stem. Alkaloids and tanins were also present in the samples in various conc. while saponins were absent. To confirm pharmaceutical potential of plant against ulcer, diabetes and analgesic infirmities, a model experimental animal wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used. In antiulcer study, using hot plate method the maximum results were observed with 250 mg/kg in the 2.5 hours of study. The leaf extract showed a 40.41±2.73 latency time and the fruit with a 36.77±2.41, and the stem with a 27.85±3.09, which was comparable to the standard drug Aspirin, i.e., 47.5±0.57. For analysis of antiulcer potential of the plants parts doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg was applied to check the reclamation of ethanol-induced acute ulcer and of Aspirin-induced chronic ulcer of stomach. In order to confirm efficacy of the drug potential of plant following parameters like microscopic evaluation, gastric volume, total acidity, mucosa weight, ulcer index, pH and histopathology of stomach were analyzed. In antidiabetic analysis, in an acute study after a single dose of 500 mg/kg extract after 2hrs the blood glucose levels were 367±51.09958NS, 416±59.79548NS, 437.5±61.96437NS mg/dL for leaf, stem and fruit, respectively. After4hrs 351.75±88.27644NS mg/dl, 448.25±25.64948NS mg/dl, 445.25±27.07205NS mg/dl and after 6hrs 354.5±92.70428NS, 442±24.60691NS, a440±33.16625NS mg/dl, respectively. The analgesic activity was explored by applying hot plate, tail flick and formalin paw licking method. In hot plate method the maximum results were observed with 250mg/kg in the 2.5 hours of study. The leaf extract showed a 40.41±2.73 latency time and the fruit with a 36.77±2.41 and the stem with a 27.85±3.09, which was comparable to the standard drug Aspirin, i.e., 47.5±0.57. The respective plant extracts at 250mg/kg showed a gradual rise in latency time when compared to the control. It was concluded that all three components of E. spinosa perform proved to be significant as potential source of herbal medicines to cure different prevalently occurring diseases. Furthermore, it was confirmed through results analysis that plant t can be used to discover novel drug using dedicated high throughput techniques and ethnopharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajaib
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan,* E-mail:
| | - Mehwish Maqbool
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | | | - Afsheen Khan
- Department of Botany, Dr. Moinuddin Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Dendrochronology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan e Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afeera Afreen
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Sardar
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur (AJK), Pakistan
| | - Alia Gul
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
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Protective Effect and Potential Mechanism of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3069089. [PMID: 35449820 PMCID: PMC9017495 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3069089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Shaoyao-Gancao decoction (SGD) is a classic prescription in traditional Chinese medicine. SGD is effective in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. However, the biological activity and possible mechanisms of SGD in the treatment of gastric ulcers have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to scientifically evaluate the protective effect and potential mechanism of SGD against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Methods A single gavage of 10 mL/kg of 75% ethanol was used to establish a rat gastric ulcer model. A histopathological examination of the gastric tissue was performed. The levels of TNF-α, EGF, PGE2, SOD, and TBARS in gastric tissue were measured by ELISA. Cellular apoptosis in gastric tissues was assessed by TUNEL assay. The expression levels of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were determined by immunohistochemistry. The potential mechanism of SGD in treating gastric ulcers was further studied using a network pharmacology research method. Results The gastric tissue of rats with ethanol-induced gastric ulcers had obvious injury throughout the mucosal layer, which was significantly weakened in rats treated with SGD. Furthermore, treatment with SGD significantly increased the levels of EGF, PGE2, SOD, and Bcl-2 and decreased the levels of TNF-α, TBARS, and caspase-3 in the gastric tissue of rats with ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. SGD reduced ethanol-induced cell apoptosis in gastric tissue from rats with gastric ulcers. A traditional Chinese medicine-based network pharmacology study revealed that SGD exerts its anti-gastric ulcer effect by acting on multiple pathways. Conclusions The above results indicate that SGD can improve gastric ulcers induced by ethanol. Moreover, this study demonstrated multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway characteristics of SGD in the treatment of gastric ulcers and provided a foundation for further drug development research.
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El-shafey RS, Baloza SH, Mohammed LA, Nasr HE, Soliman MM, Ghamry HI, Elgendy SA. The ameliorative impacts of wheat germ oil against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers: involvement of anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant activities. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:325-338. [PMID: 35510233 PMCID: PMC9052321 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined if wheat germ oil (WGO) has gastroprotective impacts against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Rats were assigned into control, WGO, ethanol, omeprazole + ethanol, and WGO + ethanol. WGO prevented gastric ulceration and damage induced by ethanol, the same effect induced by omeprazole, a widely known medication used for gastric ulcer treatment. WGO reduced gastric ulcer index, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels in the stomach. WGO boosted the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bcl2, and the antioxidants. WGO showed inflammatory and anti-inflammatory impacts through the control of interleukin (IL)-1β, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-10 that were altered in ethanol-administered rats. Ethanol up-regulated caspase-3 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) expression and showed histopathological changes such as necrosis and mucosal degeneration that were mitigated by pre-administration of WGO. Moreover, WGO decreased gastric immunoreactivity of NF-kB and increased transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) that were associated with upregulation of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and antioxidant expression and production. In conclusion, WGO reduced ethanol-induced stomach toxicity by regulating genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic/antiapoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Shaban El-shafey
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Samar H Baloza
- Genetic and Genetic Engineering, Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | - Lina Abdelhady Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Hend Elsayed Nasr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I Ghamry
- Department of Home Economics, College of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha,61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa A Elgendy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
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Ahmed O, Nedi T, Yimer EM. Evaluation of anti-gastric ulcer activity of aqueous and 80% methanol leaf extracts of Urtica simensis in rats. Metabol Open 2022; 14:100172. [PMID: 35313530 PMCID: PMC8933831 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric ulcer is a major public health problem globally and associated with severe complications including hemorrhages, perforations, gastrointestinal obstruction, and malignancy. Urtica simensis is widely used for traditional management of gastric ulcer in different parts of Ethiopia. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-gastric ulcer activity of aqueous and 80% methanol extracts of U.simensis in rats. Methods The leaf extracts were prepared using decoction (aqueous) and maceration (80% methanol) techniques and in vivo anti-gastric ulcer effects of various doses of U. simensis extracts and the effect were determined using the pylorus ligation, indomethacin and ethanol induced gastric ulcer models. Results In pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer model, both aqueous and 80% methanol extracts at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg were exhibited significant reduction in total acidity, volume of gastric secretion (p < 0.001) and substansial rise in pH (p˂0.05) of the gastric secretion. In indomethacin induced ulcer model, both aqueous and methanol extracts were exhibited dose dependent increment in gastric wall mucus compared to control (p < 0.001). In ethanol induced ulcer model, all doses of extract produced significant increment in gastric wall mucus from 46.66 ± 0.96 (AQ100) to 75.87 ± 1.52 (ME 400) μg alcian blue/g wet stomach. Five days pre-treatment with 200 mg/kg of both and aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited significant (P < 0.001) ulcer inhibition in both indomethacin and ethanol-induced ulcer models. Conclusion Both extracts of U.simensis exhibited a promising anti-gastric ulcer activity in all of the three models and this findings supports for traditional claimed use of the leaf of U. simensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ousman Ahmed
- Woldia University, College of Health Sciences, Ethiopia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Teshome Nedi
- Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Ethiopia
| | - Ebrahim M. Yimer
- Wollo University, College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Ethiopia
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Ethnomedicinal Use, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8922196. [PMID: 34504541 PMCID: PMC8423563 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8922196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mangrove plants are the potential sources of foods and remedies for people living in the forests and nearby communities. Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig is traditionally used to treat various diseases including diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, fever, malaria, and viral infections, among others. To summarize critically the taxonomy, ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of X. granatum, information was collected from different databases. An up-to-date search (till June 2020) was carried out with the help of various scientific web resources from databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and various patent offices (e.g., WIPO, CIPO, and USPTO) using the keywords “Xylocarpus granatum” and then paired with ethnomedicinal use and phytochemical, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activity (in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies). Findings revealed that seeds, fruits, stem bark, leaf, and twigs of X. granatum exhibited a wide range of key phytochemicals including limonoids, phragmalin, limonoid-based alkaloids, mexicanolides, protolimonoids, flavonols, and lactones. The plant possessed potent antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antifeedant, and neuroprotective activities. No clinical studies have been reported in the databases. Ethnomedicinal assessment indicated the application of X. granatum in various fields of medical science specially to treat various human ailments, and this was attributed to the presence of enormous alkaloids as confirmed by pharmacological studies. However, to understand the mechanism of action in-depth studies are required. In view of these findings, more research is necessary to explore and characterize the chemical compounds and toxicological aspects of this medicinal mangrove plant. Overall, it can be stated that X. granatum may be one of the hopeful medicinal herbs for the treatment of various diseases in human beings.
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ÜN H, UGAN RA. Floretin ve floridzin'in farelerde indometazine bağlı gelişen mide ülserine karşı koruyucu etkileri: potansiyel moleküler mekanizmaların karakterizasyonu. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.734911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ardalani H, Hadipanah A, Sahebkar A. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:662-702. [PMID: 31880244 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191227151939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the most common disorder of the stomach and duodenum, which is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. PUD occurs due to an imbalance between offensive and defensive factors and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment. Recently, medicinal plants have emerged as efficacious, safe and widely available alternative therapies for PUD. The aim of this review was to study the medicinal plants and phytochemicals, which have been used for PUD treatment to evaluate the potential role of natural compounds to develop herbal remedies for PUD. Information was obtained using a literature search of electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys and Cochrane. Common and scientific names of the plants and keywords such as 'peptic ulcer', 'gastric ulcer', 'stomach ulcer' and 'duodenal ulcer' were used for search. Eventually, 279 plants from 89 families were identified and information on the plant families, part of the plant used, chemical constituents, extracts, ulcer model used and dosage were abstracted. The results indicated that most of the anti-PUD plants were from Asteraceae (7.1%) and Fabaceae (6.8%) families while flavonoids (49%), tannins (13%), saponins (10%) and alkaloids (9%) were the most common natural compounds in plants with anti-PUD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Ardalani
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Amin Hadipanah
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Duran Y, Karaboğa İ, Polat FR, Polat E, Erboğa ZF, Ovalı MA, Öztopuz RÖ, Çelikkol A, Yılmaz A. Royal jelly attenuates gastric mucosal injury in a rat ethanol-induced gastric injury model. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8867-8879. [PMID: 33135128 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05939-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate traditionally used Royal Jelly (RJ) for treating an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. A total of 32 Wistar albino male rats were divided into 4 groups of 8: group I = Control, group II = Ethanol, group III = RJ + Ethanol, and group IV = Lansoprazole + Ethanol. In groups II, III, and IV, animals were administered 1 ml of absolute ethanol orally after a 24-h fast to induce ulcer formation. The histopathological changes in the gastric mucosa were determined using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Immunohistochemically, inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa beta (Nf-κβ) markings were evaluated in gastric tissue. Cell death in the gastric mucosa was determined by the TUNEL method. Oxidative status markers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Expression of the interleukin - 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes in gastric tissues was determined by real-time PCR; and TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-1β levels were determined. RJ was found to inhibit iNOS and Nf-κβ activity in the gastric mucosa and prevent epithelial cell apoptosis. In particular, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased in the RJ + Ethanol group compared to the Ethanol group. In addition, a decrease in the MPO level indicated that RJ prevented tissue damage, especially by preventing inflammatory cell infiltration. The study demonstrated a possible gastroprotective effect of RJ in a rat ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Duran
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - İhsan Karaboğa
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, School of Health, Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Fatin Rüştü Polat
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Elif Polat
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Fidanol Erboğa
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Ovalı
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Rahime Özlem Öztopuz
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Aliye Çelikkol
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Ahsen Yılmaz
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Braga TM, Rocha L, Chung TY, Oliveira RF, Pinho C, Oliveira AI, Morgado J, Cruz A. Biological Activities of Gedunin-A Limonoid from the Meliaceae Family. Molecules 2020; 25:E493. [PMID: 31979346 PMCID: PMC7037920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gedunin is an important limonoid present in several genera of the Meliaceae family, mainly in seeds. Several biological activities have been attributed to gedunin, including antibacterial, insecticidal, antimalarial, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. The discovery of gedunin as a heat shock protein (Hsp) inhibitor represented a very important landmark for its application as a biological therapeutic agent. The current study is a critical literature review based on the several biological activities so far described for gedunin, its therapeutic effect on some human diseases, and future directions of research for this natural compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M. Braga
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Lídia Rocha
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Tsz Yan Chung
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Rita F. Oliveira
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Cláudia Pinho
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Ana I. Oliveira
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
| | - Joaquim Morgado
- Bio4Life4You, 4460-170 Porto, Portugal;
- World Neem Organization, Mumbai 400101, India
| | - Agostinho Cruz
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (L.R.); (T.Y.C.); (R.F.O.); (C.P.); (A.I.O.)
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Boutemine IM, Amri M, Amir ZC, Fitting C, Mecherara-Idjeri S, Layaida K, Sennoun N, Berkane S, Cavaillon JM, Touil-Boukoffa C. Gastro-protective, therapeutic and anti-inflammatory activities of Pistacia lentiscus L. fatty oil against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:273-282. [PMID: 29859303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) (PL) is a flowering plant that grows in the Mediterranean area. It is traditionally used in the treatment of various skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders AIM OF THE STUDY: In the present study, we investigated the anti-ulcerogenic activity of Pistacia lentiscus fatty oil (PLFO) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats MATERIAL AND METHODS: PLFO was orally administered to two experimental groups of rats before or after ethanol induction of gastric ulcer. The lesions of the gastric mucosa were evaluated by macroscopic and histopathological examination. In addition, the amount of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] in the supernatant from cultures of gastric mucosa explants were assessed. Finally, the mucus production and iNOS (inducible NO synthase) expression were determined by histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively RESULT: Our results indicated that the PLFO pretreatment or PLFO treatment significantly reduced ulcerated and hemorrhagic areas. Additionally, pretreatment or treatment with PLFO after ethanol-induced ulceration significantly reduced the plasma concentration of NO. Furthermore, a significant decrease of NO, IL-6 and TNF-α levels was observed in explant culture supernatants. iNOS expression was also reduced in the gastric mucosa. In contrast, mucus production by goblet cells was enhanced. Interestingly, histological analysis of the gastric mucosa has indicated that PLFO- pretreated and treated groups displayed normal histology CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that PLFO display significant prophylactic and therapeutic effects against gastric ulcers. Importantly, the mechanism underlying PLFO activities might implicate inhibition of inflammatory responses during gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insaf-Meriem Boutemine
- Team "Cytokines and NO Synthases", LBCM (Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology), FSB (Faculty of Biological Science), USTHB (University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene), PB 32 El-Alia, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Manel Amri
- Team "Cytokines and NO Synthases", LBCM (Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology), FSB (Faculty of Biological Science), USTHB (University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene), PB 32 El-Alia, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Zine-Charaf Amir
- Pathology department, Mustapha Pacha Hospital, Algiers, Algeria.
| | | | - Samira Mecherara-Idjeri
- LAOF (Laboratory of Systematic Functional Organic Analysis), Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB (University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene), Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Karim Layaida
- Gastroenterology department, Mustapha Pacha Hospital, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Nacira Sennoun
- Team "Cytokines and NO Synthases", LBCM (Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology), FSB (Faculty of Biological Science), USTHB (University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene), PB 32 El-Alia, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Saadi Berkane
- Gastroenterology department, Mustapha Pacha Hospital, Algiers, Algeria.
| | | | - Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
- Team "Cytokines and NO Synthases", LBCM (Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology), FSB (Faculty of Biological Science), USTHB (University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene), PB 32 El-Alia, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
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Kim JI, Park SW, Lim JJ, Sohn SI, Shin JS, Park SC, Jang YP, Chung EK, Lee HW, Lee KT. Gastroprotective effects of the isopropanol extract of Artemisia princeps and its gastroretentive floating tablets on gastric mucosal injury. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2017; 67:479-494. [PMID: 29337669 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2017-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the gastroprotective effect of an isopropanol extract from the aerial parts of Artemisia princeps (IPAP) and developed a gastroretentive floating tablet of IPAP (IPAP-FR) for maximized local gastroprotective effects. Pre-treatment with IPAP ameliorated the gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in ethanol/HCl- or indomethacin- treated rats. IPAP decreased mucosal hemorrhage of gastric ulcers induced by ethanol or indomethacin plus pyloric ligation in rats. The optimized floating tablet, IPAP-FR, floated on medium surface with more sustained eupatilin release compared to the non-floating control tablet. X-ray photographs in beagle dogs showed that IPAPFR was retained for > 2 h in the stomach. In the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer rat model, the gastric hemorrhagic lesion was improved more substantially with IPAP-FR compared to the non-floating control tablet. Based on these data, our data suggest that IPAP-FR has an improved therapeutic potential for the treatment of gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Il Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
- Central Research Institute, Daewon Pharmaceutical Company, 520 Cheonho-daero, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Central Research Institute, Daewon Pharmaceutical Company, 520 Cheonho-daero, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul , 08826 Korea Republic of
| | - Jhong-Jae Lim
- Central Research Institute, Daewon Pharmaceutical Company, 520 Cheonho-daero, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Il Sohn
- Central Research Institute, Daewon Pharmaceutical Company, 520 Cheonho-daero, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
| | - Sang Cheol Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
| | - Young Pyo Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea 5 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
| | - Eun Kyoung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
| | - Hong-Woo Lee
- Central Research Institute, Daewon Pharmaceutical Company, 520 Cheonho-daero, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul , 02447, Korea Republic of
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Acid-gastric antisecretory effect of the ethanolic extract from Arctium lappa L. root: role of H +, K +-ATPase, Ca 2+ influx and the cholinergic pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:521-530. [PMID: 28755129 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arctium lappa L., popularly known as burdock, is a medicinal plant used worldwide. The antiulcer and gastric-acid antisecretory effects of ethanolic extract from roots of Arctium lappa (EET) were already demonstrated. However, the mechanism by which the extract reduces the gastric acid secretion remains unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the antisecretory mode of action of EET. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of EET on H+, K+-ATPase activity were verified in vitro, whereas the effects of the extract on cholinergic-, histaminergic- or gastrinergic-acid gastric stimulation were assessed in vivo on stimulated pylorus ligated rats. Moreover, ex vivo contractility studies on gastric muscle strips from rats were also employed. RESULTS The incubation with EET (1000 µg/ml) partially inhibited H+, K+-ATPase activity, and the intraduodenal administration of EET (10 mg/kg) decreased the volume and acidity of gastric secretion stimulated by bethanechol, histamine, and pentagastrin. EET (100-1000 µg/ml) did not alter the gastric relaxation induced by histamine but decreased acetylcholine-induced contraction in gastric fundus strips. Interestingly, EET also reduced the increase in the gastric muscle tone induced by 40 mM KCl depolarizing solution, as well as the maximum contractile responses evoked by CaCl2 in Ca2+-free depolarizing solution, without impairing the effect of acetylcholine on fundus strips maintained in Ca2+ -free nutritive solution. CONCLUSION Our results reinforce the gastric antisecretory properties of preparations obtained from Arctium lappa, and indicate that the mechanisms involved in EET antisecretory effects include a moderate reduction of the H+, K+-ATPase activity associated with inhibitory effects on calcium influx and of cholinergic pathways in the stomach muscle.
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Arunachalam K, Balogun SO, Pavan E, de Almeida GVB, de Oliveira RG, Wagner T, Cechinel Filho V, de Oliveira Martins DT. Chemical characterization, toxicology and mechanism of gastric antiulcer action of essential oil from Gallesia integrifolia (Spreng.) Harms in the in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:292-306. [PMID: 28763752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallesia integrifolia is a Brazilian Amazon tree whose bark decoction is popularly used to treat peptic ulcer. The essential oil from the inner stem bark of G. integrifolia (EOGi) was chemically characterized by GC/MS. The in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated in CHO-K1 cells, while the in vivo oral acute toxicity was performed in mice. The gastroprotective effect of EOGi was assessed in acidified ethanol and piroxicam and ulcer healing on acetic acid -induced ulcer models in rodents. Anti-secretory, mucus, K+-ATP channels, prostaglandins (PGs), nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and in vitro Helicobacter pylori action by EOGi were evaluated. EOGi exhibited cytotoxic effects only at 72h and no acute toxicity. EOGi showed gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects. EOGi gastroprotection was attenuated by indomethacin pre-treatment. Gastric volume and total acidity were reduced, while gastric pH was elevated. EOGi increased mucus and NO productions and CAT activity, and inhibited MPO activity, TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations and augmented IL-10. EOGi was not active against H. pylori. These results indicated that EOGi is safe and exerts preventive and curative gastric ulcer effects by multitarget actions. Twenty compounds were identified and (-)-alpha-santalene was the main compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppusamy Arunachalam
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Sikiru Olaitan Balogun
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil; Curso de Farmácia, Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso, Associação Juinense de Ensino Superior (AJES), Juína, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Pavan
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Vieira Botelho de Almeida
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Ruberlei Godinho de Oliveira
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Theodoro Wagner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas e Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas e Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Harsha C, Banik K, Bordoloi D, Kunnumakkara AB. Antiulcer properties of fruits and vegetables: A mechanism based perspective. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:104-119. [PMID: 28711545 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is the damage caused to mucosal layer of the stomach under the action of various factors like high levels of acid and pepsin, invasion by Helicobacter pylori, etc. Although most cases have been controlled and the rate of ulcer occurrence has reduced over the last few decades, gastric ulcer still holds a prime concern today. A range of palliative medicines comprising proton pump inhibitors, H2 receptor antagonists, COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs) is widely in use and patients have also been administered with acid suppression therapies. But these remedies aggravate the condition of patients causing severe side effects, or rather impart temporary relief. Therefore, it is highly imperative to develop safe and effective therapies for the treatment of gastric ulcer. Nature provides us various fruits and vegetables that can combat gastric ulcer through multiple mechanisms; predominantly via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antisecretory, antimicrobial, anticholinergic and cytoprotective activity, inhibition of small intestinal propulsion etc. Various phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and saponins play a vital role in the prevention and cure of gastric ulcer. This review is a compendium of all fruits and vegetables known for their profound antiulcer effect and their underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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17
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Zhang T, Yang D, Meng X. Baicalin protects against gastroduodenal ulcers via the modulation of Nrf2 expression: Experimental, biochemical, and histological analyses. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1154-1158. [PMID: 29128794 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine the mechanisms underlying the gastroprotective effects of baicalin using several animal models of chemically induced gastric ulcers. METHODS The gastroprotective effects of baicalin against ulcers induced by water immersion stress, alcohol-induced ligation, and indomethacin-induced pylorus ligation were assessed in the present study. Additionally, macroscopic evaluations were performed at the completion of the study and Western blot analyses of Nrf2 were conducted to determine the possible mechanisms of action underlying the effects of baicalin. RESULTS Compared to the effects of ranitidine in a confirmed model of indomethacin-induced ligation, treatment with various doses of baicalin resulted in significant (p <0.001) increases in protection against ulcers in a dose-dependent manner. Baicalin was 72% effective versus the reference drug and 80% effective against ethanol-induced ulcers. Additionally, in rat stomachs with pylorus ligatures, Western blot analyses revealed that baicalin was 82% protective and that cimetidine was 85% protective. Taken together, the present findings indicate that baicalin is an alternative medicine with the potential to be an effective gastroprotective agent. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that the protective effects of baicalin may be regulated via Nrf2-mediated anti-secretory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Shi X, Wu Y, Lv T, Wang Y, Fu Y, Sun M, Shi Q, Huo C, Wang Q, Gu Y. A chemometric-assisted LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 17 limonoids from different parts of Xylocarpus granatum fruit. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:4669-4679. [PMID: 28536790 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Yibing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Tao Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Yufang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Yan Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, 215 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Qingwen Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Changhong Huo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Jealotts Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
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Gastric toxicity involving alterations of gastritis-related protein expression in mice following long-term exposure to nano TiO 2. Food Res Int 2017; 95:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Pinkerton DM, Bernhardt PV, Savage GP, Williams CM. Towards the Total Synthesis of Gedunin: Construction of the Fully Elaborated ABC Ring System. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Pinkerton
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Paul V. Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - G. Paul Savage
- CSIRO Manufacturing Clayton South 3169 Victoria Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 Queensland Australia
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Waratchareeyakul W, Hellemann E, Gil RR, Chantrapromma K, Langat MK, Mulholland DA. Application of Residual Dipolar Couplings and Selective Quantitative NOE to Establish the Structures of Tetranortriterpenoids from Xylocarpus rumphii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:391-402. [PMID: 28121439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nine triterpenoid derivatives were isolated from the heartwood of Xylocarpus rumphii and were identified as xylorumphiins E (1), C (2), L (3), and M-R (4-9). Compounds 4-9 have a hemiacetal group in the triterpenoid side chain, making them impossible to purify. Purification was achieved after acetylation and subsequent separation of the epimeric mixtures of acetates; however differentiaition of the R and S epimers was not possible using standard NMR techniques. In one case, the relative configuration of a remotely located stereocenter with respect to the stereocenters in the main skeleton was unambiguously determined using residual dipolar couplings. Dipolar couplings were collected from the sample oriented in compressed poly(methyl methacrylate) gels swollen in CDCl3. In another case, the relative configuration was determined using 1D selective quantitative NOE experiments. Xylorumphiin K (10), xyloccensin E, taraxer-14-en-3β-ol, (22S)-hydroxytirucalla-7,24-diene-3,23-dione, and 25-hydroxy-(20S,24S)-epoxydammaran-3-one were isolated from the bark of the same plant. Compounds 3-10 are new compounds. Compounds 1-6 and xyloccensin E were tested at one concentration, 1 × 10-5 M, in the NCI59 cell one-dose screen but did not show significant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharee Waratchareeyakul
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University , Chanthaburi 22000, Thailand
| | - Erich Hellemann
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Roberto R Gil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kan Chantrapromma
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Hatyai University , Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Moses K Langat
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Dulcie A Mulholland
- Natural Products Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban 4041, South Africa
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Pinkerton DM, Vanden Berg TJ, Bernhardt PV, Williams CM. Gaining Synthetic Appreciation for the Gedunin ABC Ring System. Chemistry 2017; 23:2282-2285. [PMID: 28042894 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Gedunin, first isolated in 1960, displays a remarkable range of biological activity, but has yet to receive dedicated synthetic attention from a ground up construction perspective. Presented herein is a successfully executed approach to the fully functionalized ABC ring system of this challengingly complex natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Pinkerton
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Timothy J Vanden Berg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
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Sahu AK, Jain V. Screening of process variables using Plackett-Burman design in the fabrication of gedunin-loaded liposomes. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:1011-1022. [PMID: 27917681 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study is to screening the formulation and process variables that produce significant effect on the gedunin-loaded liposome formulations by using quality-by-design approach. Placket-Burman screening design was used to screen the most influencing formulation and process variables. Mean vesicle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and loading capacity were found in the range of 112-990 nm, -19.39 to -39.20 mV, 45.25-87.60%, and 3.54-10.47%, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) result suggested that Gedunin encapsulated within liposome as amorphous state. The analysis of Pareto chart represented that selected independent variables had a most significant effect on dependent variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Sahu
- a Department of Pharmacy , University Institute of Pharmacy, Affiliated by Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University , Raipur, Chhattisgarh , India
| | - Vishal Jain
- a Department of Pharmacy , University Institute of Pharmacy, Affiliated by Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University , Raipur, Chhattisgarh , India
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Zhang W, Liu K, Li L, Li Y, Sui X, Rao Y, Wu J, Wu Q. Therapeutic effect of low molecular weight chitosan containing sepia ink on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:813-820. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160120000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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25
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Gao Q, Gao Y, Song H, Li J, Wu Y, Shi X, Shi H, Ma Y. Cipadesin A, a bioactive ingredient of Xylocarpus granatum, produces antidepressant-like effects in adult mice. Neurosci Lett 2016; 633:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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SILVA DAYANEM, MARTINS JOSÉL, FLORENTINO IZIARAF, OLIVEIRA DANILLOR, FAJEMIROYE JAMESO, TRESNVENZOL LEONICEM, PAULA JOSÉR, COSTA ELSONA. The gastroprotective effect of Memora nodosa roots against experimental gastric ulcer in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 88:1819-1828. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Memora nodosa is popularly known as "caroba" and widely found in the Cerrado regions of Brazil. In traditional medicine, the leaves and stems are used for the healing of external ulcer and the roots for abdominal pain. This study investigated the effect of ethanolic roots extract of Memora nodosa (EMN) on the gastric mucosa of mice. In the indomethacin induced gastric ulcer model, the treatments of the animals with EMN at doses of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o., markedly reduced the index of lesions. In the gastric ulcer models induced by ethanol and cold restraint-stress the previous treatment with EMN at dose of 300 mg/kg showed 69% and 43% of protection, respectively. Seven days after food-restriction, the animals treated with EMN (300 mg/kg p.o.) showed reduction in the index of lesion by 65% as compared to control group. The intraduodenal administration of EMN (300 mg/kg) did not alter the gastric acid secretion parameters. The treatment with EMN (300 mg/kg p.o.) did not alter glutathione levels (GSH), but showed an increase of adhered gastric mucus as compared to the control group with lesion. These results showed that EMN has gastroprotective activity probably due with an increase of adhered gastric mucus.
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Sofidiya MO, Orisaremi CO, Sansaliyu I, Adetunde TO. Gastroprotective and antioxidant potentials of ethanolic stem bark extract of Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 171:240-246. [PMID: 26068431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Decoctions prepared from the bark of Margaritaria discoidea (Baill.) G. L. Webster (Euphorbiaceae) are used in Nigeria and other parts of West Africa in the treatment of wounds and ulcers. The study was conducted to investigate the gastric ulcer protective effect of ethanolic stem bark extract of M. discoidea in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antiulcer assays were performed using ethanol, indomethacin and pylorus ligation-induced ulcer models at the dose of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg, p.o. The antioxidant effect of the extract was evaluated in vitro and by studying its effect on antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione) and lipid peroxidation in the stomach tissue of rats in ethanol-induced model. Solvent fractions (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous) from the crude extract were investigated for antiulcerogenic effects in ethanol-induced ulcer model at the dose of 150 mg/kg. GC-MS analysis of the active hexane fraction was also carried out. RESULTS The extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced gastric lesion in ethanol and indomethacin-induced ulcer models. The extract had significant influence on in vivo antioxidant status in ethanol-induced model. In pylorus ligation-induced model, only the dose of 150 mg/kg showed significant reduction (88.89%, P<0.05) of ulcer lesions. There was no significant reduction in the gastric juice volume and total acidity. The solvent fractions showed ulcer inhibition in varying degrees but significance (P<0.01) was only observed in the hexane fraction. Ethyl esters of palmitic and linoleic acids were found as the major compounds in the GC-MS analysis of the hexane fraction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that M. discoidea possesses gastroprotective activity possibly mediated through antioxidant mechanism. The data obtained in this study provide some support to the traditional use of M. discoidea in the treatment of gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret O Sofidiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Calistus O Orisaremi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Ikeoluwa Sansaliyu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Toyin O Adetunde
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Haldar S, Mulani FA, Aarthy T, Thulasiram HV. Whole-Cell Mediated 11β-Hydroxylation on the Basic Limonoid Skeleton by Cunninghamella echinulata. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6490-5. [PMID: 25985231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Regio- and stereoselective 11β-hydroxylation was achieved on the basic limonoid skeleton through microbial transformation. Whole cells of Cunninghamella echinulata efficiently converted basic limonoids such as epoxyazadiradione, azadiradione, and gedunin to their 11β-hydroxy analogues as the sole metabolite. Fermentation conditions affecting the efficiency (96%) of biotransformation including substrate concentration, incubation period, pH, and temperature were optimized. The position and stereochemistry of hydroxyl functionality on the isolated metabolites were established through extensive spectroscopic and spectrometric studies (1D, 2D NMR, ESI-MS, and MS/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Haldar
- †Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Fayaj A Mulani
- †Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Thiagarayaselvam Aarthy
- †Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Hirekodathakallu V Thulasiram
- †Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India.,§CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi-110007, India
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Abstract
Peptic ulcers are open sores or erosions in the lining of either the duodenum (duodenal ulcers) or the stomach (gastric ulcers). Peptic ulcer, which is mainly caused by bacterial attack or excess of acid secretion, can be cured effectively by these isolated plant compounds. In this present scenario, demand for herbal medicines are increasing due to easy availability in surrounding place at low cost. This review article is all about such isolated plant compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. Various plants have been used as folk medicine by the people of rural area, which shows significant effect against peptic ulcer. Further study should be conducted upon these herbal plants because there is possibility for minimising the adverse effect caused by the present antiulcer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Jain
- a Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Koni, Bilaspur , Chhattisgarh 495009 , India
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30
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Liu YH, Zhang ZB, Zheng YF, Chen HM, Yu XT, Chen XY, Zhang X, Xie JH, Su ZQ, Feng XX, Zeng HF, Su ZR. Gastroprotective effect of andrographolide sodium bisulfite against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 26:384-91. [PMID: 25916678 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide sodium bisulfite (ASB), a water-soluble sulfonate of andrographolide has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities. However, there is no report on the gastroprotective effect of ASB against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. Here we investigated the possible anti-ulcerogenic potential of ASB and the underlying mechanism against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The ulcer area, histopathological assessment, contents of gastric mucosal glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were examined. In addition, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and immunohistochemical evaluation of HSP70, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were also investigated. Results indicated that ASB pre-treatment significantly reduced the ulcer areas induced by indomethacin compared with the vehicle group. The gastric levels of GSH, CAT and SOD were markedly increased by ASB while the level of MDA was decreased. In addition, ASB pretreatment significantly promoted the gastric PGE2 levels and up-regulated the COX-1 and COX-2 mRNA expression in comparison with the vehicle group. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed obvious up-regulation of HSP70 and Bcl-2 protein expression while suppression of Bax protein in the gastric tissue of ASB-pretreated group. Taken together, these findings indicated that the gastroprotective effect of ASB might be associated with the improvement of antioxidative status, activation of COX-mediated PGE2 synthesis, down-regulation of Bax proteins and up-regulation of Bcl-2 and HSP70 proteins. ASB might have the potential for further development as a promising alternative for antiulcer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Liu
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Biao Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi-Feng Zheng
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hai-Ming Chen
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiu-Ting Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Zu-Qing Su
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xue-Xuan Feng
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hui-Fang Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China.
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
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31
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Nebo L, Varela RM, Molinillo JMG, Severino VGP, Sarria ALF, Cazal CM, Fernandes MFDG, Fernandes JB, Macías FA. Phytotoxicity of Triterpenes and Limonoids from the Rutaceae and Meliaceae. 5α,6β,8α,12α-Tetrahydro-28-norisotoonafolin – a Potent Phytotoxin from Toona ciliata. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limonoids and triterpenes are the largest groups of secondary metabolites and have notable biological activities. Meliaceae and Rutaceae are known for their high diversity of metabolites, including limonoids, and are distinguished from other families due to the frequent occurrence of such compounds. The increased interest in crop protection associated with the diverse bioactivity of these compounds has made these families attractive in the search for new allelopathic compounds. In the study reported here we evaluated the bioactivity profiles of four triterpenes (1–4) and six limonoids (5–10) from Meliaceae and Rutaceae. The compounds were assessed in a wheat coleoptile bioassay and those that had the highest activities were tested on the standard target species Lepidium sativum (cress), Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) and Allium cepa (onion). Limonoids showed phytotoxic activity and 5 α,6 β,8 α,12 α-tetrahydro-28-norisotoonafolin (10) and gedunin (5) were the most active, with bioactivity levels similar to, and in some cases better than, those of the commercial herbicide Logran. The results indicate that these products could also be allelochemicals involved in the ecological interactions of these plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Nebo
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, (Cádiz), Spain
| | - José M. G. Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Vanessa G. P. Severino
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - André L. F. Sarria
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Cristiane M. Cazal
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - João B. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, (Cádiz), Spain
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32
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Moghadamtousi SZ, Rouhollahi E, Karimian H, Fadaeinasab M, Abdulla MA, Kadir HA. Gastroprotective activity of Annona muricata leaves against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats via Hsp70/Bax involvement. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:2099-110. [PMID: 25378912 PMCID: PMC4218895 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s70096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The popular fruit tree of Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae), known as soursop and graviola, is a widely distributed plant in Central and South America and tropical countries. Leaves of A. muricata have been reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the gastroprotective effects of ethyl acetate extract of A. muricata leaves (EEAM) were investigated against ethanol-induced gastric injury models in rats. The acute toxicity test of EEAM in rats, carried out in two doses of 1 g/kg and 2 g/kg, showed the safety of this plant, even at the highest dose of 2 g/kg. The antiulcer study in rats (five groups, n=6) was performed with two doses of EEAM (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) and with omeprazole (20 mg/kg), as a standard antiulcer drug. Gross and histological features showed the antiulcerogenic characterizations of EEAM. There was significant suppression on the ulcer lesion index of rats pretreated with EEAM, which was comparable to the omeprazole effect in the omeprazole control group. Oral administration of EEAM to rats caused a significant increase in the level of nitric oxide and antioxidant activities, including catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase associated with attenuation in gastric acidity, and compensatory effect on the loss of gastric wall mucus. In addition, pretreatment of rats with EEAM caused significant reduction in the level of malondialdehyde, as a marker for oxidative stress, associated with an increase in prostaglandin E2 activity. Immunohistochemical staining also demonstrated that EEAM induced the downregulation of Bax and upregulation of Hsp70 proteins after pretreatment. Collectively, the present results suggest that EEAM has a promising antiulcer potential, which could be attributed to its suppressive effect against oxidative damage and preservative effect toward gastric wall mucus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mehran Fadaeinasab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Habsah Abdul Kadir
- Biomolecular Research Group, Biochemistry Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Sashidhara KV, Avula SR, Mishra V, Palnati GR, Singh LR, Singh N, Chhonker YS, Swami P, Bhatta RS, Palit G. Identification of quinoline-chalcone hybrids as potential antiulcer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 89:638-53. [PMID: 25462272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antiulcer activity of novel quinoline-chalcone hybrids (13-37) was investigated. Among them, eight compounds (14, 16, 17, 23, 29, 31, 32 and 35) were found to be active in various ulcer models in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. To understand the mechanism of action of these hybrids, the effects of the compounds on antisecretory and cytoprotective activities were studied. All these active hybrids improved the depleted levels of mucin and consequently inhibited the formation of erosions in a pyloric ligated ulcer model. In addition, they also significantly increased the gastric PGE2 content in an aspirin induced ulcer model. The additional experiments including the in vitro metabolic stability and in vivo pharmacokinetics led to the identification of compound 17 as an orally active and safe candidate that is worthy of further investigation to be developed as an antiulcer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India.
| | - Srinivasa Rao Avula
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Vaibhav Mishra
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Gopal Reddy Palnati
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - L Ravithej Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Priyanka Swami
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli 229 010, India
| | - R S Bhatta
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Gautam Palit
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
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Zhang SL, Li H, He X, Zhang RQ, Sun YH, Zhang CF, Wang CZ, Yuan CS. Alkaloids from Mahonia bealei posses anti-H⁺/K⁺-ATPase and anti-gastrin effects on pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:1356-1363. [PMID: 25172799 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of the total alkaloids (TA) from Mahonia bealei in treating pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Animals were sacrificed after 19 h of the ligation. Gastric acid, peptic activities, mucin levels, H(+)/K(+)-ATPase activities and the gastrin level were analyzed. To improve the accuracy of the observations, IPP 6.0 software was introduced to measure the area of ulcer. TA (18.56 mg/kg/day, i.g.) showed an antiulcer effect by significantly decreasing the gastric ulcer areas (11.28 mm(2)) compared with model group (26.36 mm(2)). The TA ulcer inhibition ratio was 57.2%, compared with the effect of the positive control, omeprazole (62.96%). The results also showed that TA had a significant effect in inhibiting the release of H(+)/K(+)-ATPase, reducing the content of gastrin and decreasing gastric acidity on experimental animals. However, the TA had no significant effects on gastric mucus secretion and pepsin activity. Data indicated that TA had gastric ulcer protective effects by modulating the H(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity and gastrin level. TA has a potential to be developed as a pharmacological agent for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, China
| | - Xin He
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, JS 210000, China
| | - Run-Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, China
| | - Yu-He Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, JS 210009, China; Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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35
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Lakshmi V, Mishra V, Palit G. In vivogastroprotective effect of xyloccensin-E and xyloccensin-I fromXylocarpus molluccensisin rats. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:469-73. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.950959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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36
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Oliveira FDA, Andrade LN, de Sousa EBV, de Sousa DP. Anti-ulcer activity of essential oil constituents. Molecules 2014; 19:5717-47. [PMID: 24802985 PMCID: PMC6290561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19055717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. These natural products have wide-ranging pharmacological activities and biotechnological applications. Faced with the need to find new anti-ulcer agents and the great effort on the development of drugs for the treatment of ulcers, in this review, the anti-ulcer activities of 21 bioactive compounds found in essential oils are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Nalone Andrade
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Farmácia, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil
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37
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Berté PE, da Silva Lopes J, Comandulli NG, Rangel DW, Monache FD, Filho VC, Niero R, de Andrade SF. Evaluation of the gastroprotective activity of the extracts, fractions, and pure compounds obtained from aerial parts of Rubus imperialis in different experimental models. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 387:313-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Santin JR, Daufenback Machado I, Rodrigues SFP, Teixeira S, Muscará MN, Lins Galdino S, da Rocha Pitta I, Farsky SHP. Role of an indole-thiazolidine molecule PPAR pan-agonist and COX inhibitor on inflammation and microcirculatory damage in acute gastric lesions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76894. [PMID: 24124600 PMCID: PMC3790743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to show the in vivo mechanisms of action of an indole-thiazolidine molecule peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor pan-agonist (PPAR pan) and cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, LYSO-7, in an ethanol/HCl-induced (Et/HCl) gastric lesion model. Swiss male mice were treated with vehicle, LYSO-7 or Bezafibrate (p.o.) 1 hour before oral administration of Et/HCl (60%/0.03M). In another set of assays, animals were injected i.p. with an anti-granulocyte antibody, GW9962 or L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) before treatment. One hour after Et/HCl administration, neutrophils were quantified in the blood and bone marrow and the gastric microcirculatory network was studied in situ. The gastric tissue was used to quantify the percentage of damaged area, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein and PPARγ protein and gene expression. Acid secretion was evaluated by the pylorus ligation model. LYSO-7 or Bezafibrate treatment reduced the necrotic area. LYSO-7 treatment enhanced PPARγ gene and protein expression in the stomach, and impaired local neutrophil influx and stasis of the microcirculatory network caused by Et/HCl administration. The effect seemed to be due to PPARγ agonist activity, as the LYSO-7 effect was abolished in GW9962 pre-treated mice. The reversal of microcirculatory stasis, but not neutrophil influx, was mediated by nitric oxide (NO), as L-NAME pre-treatment abolished the LYSO-7-mediated reestablishment of microcirculatory blood flow. This effect may depend on enhanced eNOS protein expression in injured gastric tissue. The pH and concentration of H+ in the stomach were not modified by LYSO-7 treatment. In addition, LYSO-7 may induce less toxicity, as 28 days of oral treatment did not induce weight loss, as detected in pioglitazone treated mice. Thus, we show that LYSO-7 may be an effective treatment for gastric lesions by controlling neutrophil influx and microcirculatory blood flow mediated by NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Santin
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Daufenback Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephen F. P. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N. Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suely Lins Galdino
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernabumbuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ivan da Rocha Pitta
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernabumbuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Sandra H. P. Farsky
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Farzaei MH, Khazaei M, Abbasabadei Z, Feyzmahdavi M, Mohseni GR. Protective Effect of Tragopogon Graminifolius DC Against Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulcer. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 15:813-6. [PMID: 24616792 PMCID: PMC3929817 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.7845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric ulcer is a serious digestive system problem and affects 5% to 10% of people during their life. Chemical antigastric ulcer drugs have side effect, cannot prevent recurrence of ulcer and also show drug interaction with many other medicaments. Tragopogon graminifolius DC.(TG) is a herb which is widely used in the west of Iran and traditionally consumed for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. TG was introduced as one of the most beneficial plants for digestive ulcer in Iranian traditional medicine. Objectives The aim of the present study was to determine the acute toxicity and protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of TG (HeTG) against ethanol induced gastric ulcer. Materials and Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 7). HeTG at the doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg were administered orally for 15 days and gastric ulcer was induced by pure ethanol (1 ml/200gr body weight). Ulcer index and protective rate were calculated and histological changes were determined. Results HeTG was nontoxic up to 2000 mg/Kg. Ulcer index decreased in extract groups significantly. Protective rates of HeTG were 48.94%, 46.39%, and 43.99% in 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg extract, respectively. 50 mg/kg HeTG group had higher protective effect. There was relatively normal cellular arrangement in HeTG groups. Conclusions TG showed protective effect against ethanol induced gastric ulcer. This study confirmed traditional medicine claims of TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Hosein Farzaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mozafar Khazaei, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran, Tel: +98-8314276417-21, Fax: +98-8314281563, E-mail:
| | - Zahra Abbasabadei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Feyzmahdavi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Mohseni
- Akhtar Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Can scientific evidence support using Bangladeshi traditional medicinal plants in the treatment of diarrhoea? A review on seven plants. Nutrients 2013; 5:1757-800. [PMID: 23698166 PMCID: PMC3708348 DOI: 10.3390/nu5051757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhoea is a common disease which causes pain and may be deadly, especially in developing countries. In Bangladesh, diarrhoeal diseases affect thousands of people every year, and children are especially vulnerable. Bacterial toxins or viral infections are the most common cause of the disease. The diarrhoea outbreaks are often associated with flood affected areas with contaminated drinking water and an increased risk of spreading the water-borne disease. Not surprisingly, plants found in the near surroundings have been taken into use by the local community as medicine to treat diarrhoeal symptoms. These plants are cheaper and more easily available than conventional medicine. Our question is: What is the level of documentation supporting the use of these plants against diarrhoea and is their consumption safe? Do any of these plants have potential for further exploration? In this review, we have choosen seven plant species that are used in the treatment of diarrhoea; Diospyros peregrina, Heritiera littoralis, Ixora coccinea, Pongamia pinnata, Rhizophora mucronata, Xylocarpus granatum, and Xylocarpus moluccensis. Appearance and geographical distribution, traditional uses, chemical composition, and biological studies related to antidiarrhoeal activity will be presented. This review reveals that there is limited scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of these plants. Most promising are the barks from D. peregrina, X. granatum and X. moluccensis which contain tannins and have shown promising results in antidiarrhoeal mice models. The leaves of P. pinnata also show potential. We suggest these plants should be exploited further as possible traditional herbal remedies against diarrhoea including studies on efficacy, optimal dosage and safety.
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Ribeiro ARS, Diniz PBF, Estevam CS, Pinheiro MS, Albuquerque-Júnior RLC, Thomazzi SM. Gastroprotective activity of the ethanol extract from the inner bark of Caesalpinia pyramidalis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:383-388. [PMID: 23506986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul. (Fabaceae), known as "catingueira", has been used in folk medicine in the treatment of various disorders such as gastritis, heartburn, indigestion, and stomach ache. However, the gastroprotective properties of this species have not yet been studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanol extract of Caesalpinia pyramidalis inner bark was used in rats via oral route, at the doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg. The antiulcer assays were performed using the ethanol- and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcer models. Gastric secretion parameters (volume, pH, and total acidity) were also evaluated by the pylorus ligated model, and the mucus in the gastric content was determined. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia pyramidalis was performed using the agar-well diffusion and broth microdilution methods. RESULTS The ethanol extract (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) produced dose dependent inhibition (P<0.01) on the ulcer lesion index, the total lesion area, and the percentage of lesion area in the ethanol-induced ulcer model. The ethanol extract (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) also reduced (P<0.001) the ulcer index in the indomethacin-induced ulcer model. In the model ligature pylorus, the treatment with Caesalpinia pyramidalis ethanol extract failed to significantly change the gastric secretion parameters. However, after treatment with the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia pyramidalis (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in mucus production. The ethanol extract showed anti-Helicobacter pylori activity, with inhibition halos of 12.0 ± 1.7 mm at 10,000 μg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the ethanol extract were of 625 and 10,000 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the present results suggest that the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia pyramidalis displays gastroprotective actions, supporting the folkloric usage of the plant to treat various gastrointestinal disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Roseli S Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universitária, CEP 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Sakat SS, Tupe P, Juvekar A. Gastroprotective Effect of Oxalis corniculata (Whole Plant) on Experimentally Induced Gastric Ulceration in Wistar Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci 2012. [PMID: 23204622 PMCID: PMC3507345 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.102543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the antiulcer activity of methanol extract of Oxalis corniculata (whole plant) using pylorus ligation and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in Wistar rats. The extract was preliminary evaluated for acute oral toxicity test using Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines 423. Further, it was studied for antiulcer potential at the dose levels of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg. Ranitidine was used as a standard drug (100 mg/kg). Acid secretory parameters like gastric volume, pH, total acidity and free acidity were measured in pylorus ligation model, whereas numbers of ulcers, ulcers score and ulcer index was measured in pylorus ligated and indomethacin treated rats. Pretreatment of test extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased the gastric volume, total acidity, free acidity and increase in the pH of the gastric fluid in pylorus-ligated rats. It also showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in number of ulcers, ulcers score and ulcer index in pylorus ligated and indomethacin treated rats. Results of the study suggest that, the methanol extract of Oxalis corniculata possesses significant antisecretory and antiulcer effects and justify the traditional usage of this herb to treat peptic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sakat
- Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), NP Marg, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019, India
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Antiulcerogenic activity of chlorogenic acid in different models of gastric ulcer. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 386:5-14. [PMID: 23128853 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is found in many foods, including coffee, berries, potatoes, carrots, wine, apples, and various herbs, and has anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antitumoral actions. The CGA is well absorbed orally, and its effects on gastric ulcer have not been previously reported. The present manuscript evaluated the effect of oral administration of CGA on ethanol/HCl (Et/HCl) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcer model in male Swiss mice. Animals were pretreated with 0.2 % carboxymethylcellulose (vehicle, p.o.), omeprazole (positive control, 30 mg/kg, p.o.), carbenoxolone (antioxidant positive control, 100 mg/kg, p.o.), or CGA (5, 25, or 50 mg/kg, p.o.). One hour later, the gastric ulcer was induced by injecting Et/HCl solution (100 μL/10 g body weight; Et 60 % + HCl 0.03 M) or piroxicam (100 mg/kg, p.o). After another hour or 4 h later, gastric tissues were collected from Et/HCl or piroxicam-treated animals, respectively, to evaluate the size of the lesion, histological alterations, secretion of gastric acid, neutrophil migration, oxidative/antioxidative enzymes, markers of lipid peroxidation, or concentrations of inflammatory mediators. CGA treatment had a gastroprotective effect in both models, reducing the percentage of lesioned area. CGA treatment did not alter the secretion of gastric action but inhibited neutrophil migration and restored the levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in mice treated with Et/HCl. Additionally, CGA treatment blocked the increase of tumor necrosis factor alpha and leukotriene B4 but did not restore the reduced prostaglandin levels in the NSAID-induced ulcer. Together, the data presented herein show that CGA may be a suitable natural compound for the prevention and treatment of gastric lesions caused by a different etiology.
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Sofidiya MO, Agufobi L, Akindele AJ, Olowe JA, Familoni OB. Effect of Flabellaria paniculata Cav. extracts on gastric ulcer in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:168. [PMID: 23031805 PMCID: PMC3519613 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The leaves and root of Flabellaria paniculata (Malpighiaceae) are frequently used in the treatment of wounds and ulcers in Nigerian folk medicine. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of ethanolic extracts from the leaves (FPL) and root (FPR) of F. paniculata on gastric ulcers in rats. Methods The effect of FPL and FPR (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated in ethanol and indomethacin gastric ulcer models. Control groups for FPL and FPR were orally treated with 3% Tween 20 and distilled water respectively. FPL was further investigated in pylorus ligation model. Misoprostol and cimetidine were used as reference. Results FPL significantly (P < 0.05) reduced gastric lesions by 82.22% and 67.32% in ethanol and indomethacin induced ulcer models at 100 mg/kg respectively while FPR (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) did not exert significant effect in the two models. In pylorus ligation model, FPL exerted a significant preventive antiulcer effect as indicated by reduction in gastric volume at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses. Only 400 mg/kg of the extract exerted a significant reduction in ulcer index when compared with the control group. The oral route LD50 of FPL was estimated to be 4570 mg/kg while that of FPR was 2754 mg/kg. The LD50 in intraperitoneal injection was estimated to be 1202.26 and 1380.38 mg/kg for FPL and FPR respectively. The phytochemical investigation showed that both extracts possess triterpenoids and saponin, while the presence of flavonoid was detected only in FPL. Conclusions The results of this study indicated that FPL and not FPR is effective against experimentally induced gastric ulcers. The presence of varied phytochemical constituents probably influenced the pharmacological differences between the two extracts.
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de Morais Lima GR, de Albuquerque Montenegro C, de Sousa Falcão H, de Jesus NZT, Cabral AGS, Gomes IF, Agra MDF, Tavares JF, Batista LM. Gastroprotective activity of the ethanolic extract and hexane phase of Combretum duarteanum Cambess. (Combretaceae). J Nat Med 2012; 67:492-502. [PMID: 22983657 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Combretum duarteanum Cambess. is found in South America, particularly in Bolivia, Paraguay, and Brazil. In Paraiba state (Brazil), the species usually occurs in the Caatinga biome. It is popularly known as mofumbo, cipiúba, or cipaúba. This work aims to evaluate the gastroprotective activity and the cytoprotective mechanisms of the ethanolic extract (Cd-EtOHE) and hexane phase (Cd-HexP) obtained from the leaves of C. duarteanum. Doses at 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of Cd-EtOHE and Cd-HexP were tested in models of gastric ulcers induced by HCl/ethanol, absolute ethanol, stress, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and pylorus ligation in male rats or mice. Cd-EtOHE and Cd-HexP significantly reduced gastric injuries induced in all models. Cd-EtOHE and Cd-HexP did not alter gastric juice parameters such as pH, [H(+)], or volume after pylorus ligation. Cytoprotective mechanisms of Cd-EtOHE and Cd-HexP in relation to mucus, nitric oxide (NO), and sulfhydryl (SH) groups were evaluated. Neither product increased the mucus, and they both showed dependence on NO and SH groups to prevent gastric ulcer. Both Cd-EtOHE and Cd-HexP demonstrated gastroprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gedson Rodrigues de Morais Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil
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Gastroprotective effects of extracts and guttiferone A isolated from Garcinia achachairu Rusby (Clusiaceae) against experimentally induced gastric lesions in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 385:1103-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sharma S, Dwivedi J, Agrawal M, Paliwal S. Cytoprotection mediated antiulcer effect of aqueous fruit pulp extract of Cucumis sativus. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhao H, Michaelis ML, Blagg BS. Hsp90 Modulation for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. CURRENT STATE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS 2012; 64:1-25. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394816-8.00001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Gang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, P.R.China
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, P.R.China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, P.R.China
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Paula de Oliveira A, Santin JR, Lemos M, Klein Júnior LC, Couto AG, Meyre da Silva Bittencourt C, Filho VC, Faloni de Andrade S. Gastroprotective activity of methanol extract and marrubiin obtained from leaves of Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae). J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:1230-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01321.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to assess the gastroprotective properties of the methanol extract and the diterpene marrubiin obtained from the leaves of M. vulgare.
Methods
Assays were performed using different protocols in mice. Studies focusing on mechanisms of gastroprotection were also undertaken.
Key findings
In the model of ethanol-induced ulcers, we observed a significant reduction in all the parameters analysed; the curative ratios obtained were 49.31 ± 0.57, 74.31 ± 0.91 and 79.86 ± 0.59 for the groups treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg of extract of M. vulgare and omeprazole (30 mg/kg), respectively. For indomethacin-induced ulcers, the percentages of ulcer inhibition were 50.32 ± 5.60, 66.24 ± 4.30, 82.17 ± 04.09 and 67.52 ± 4.38, for the groups treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg M. vulgare and positive control (cimetidine), respectively. In both models, the marrubiin (25 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in all the parameters when compared with the control group (P < 0.01). There was also a significant increase in pH and mucus production in the groups treated with M. vulgare extract and marubiin. The results also demonstrated that the gastroprotection induced by the extract and marubiin is related to the activity of nitric oxide and endogenous sulfhydryls, which are important gastroprotective factors.
Conclusions
The results of this study show that the extract of M. vulgare and marrubiin displays antiulcer activity and that this effect can be partly attributed to the isolated diterpene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula de Oliveira
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marivane Lemos
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Klein Júnior
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Angélica Garcia Couto
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Christiane Meyre da Silva Bittencourt
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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