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Tshikhudo PP, Mabhaudhi T, Koorbanally NA, Mudau FN, Avendaño Caceres EO, Popa D, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Anticancer Potential of β-Carboline Alkaloids: An Updated Mechanistic Overview. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301263. [PMID: 38108650 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
his comprehensive review is designed to evaluate the anticancer properties of β-carbolines derived from medicinal plants, with the ultimate goal of assessing their suitability and potential in cancer treatment, management, and prevention. An exhaustive literature survey was conducted on a wide array of β-carbolines including, but not limited to, harmaline, harmine, harmicine, harman, harmol, harmalol, pinoline, tetrahydroharmine, tryptoline, cordysinin C, cordysinin D, norharmane, and perlolyrine. Various analytical techniques were employed to identify and screen these compounds, followed by a detailed analysis of their anticancer mechanisms. Natural β-carbolines such as harmaline and harmine have shown promising inhibitory effects on the growth of cancer cells, as evidenced by multiple in vitro and in vivo studies. Synthetically derived β-carbolines also displayed noteworthy anticancer, neuroprotective, and cognitive-enhancing effects. The current body of research emphasizes the potential of β-carbolines as a unique source of bioactive compounds for cancer treatment. The diverse range of β-carbolines derived from medicinal plants can offer valuable insights into the development of new therapeutic strategies for cancer management and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumudzo P Tshikhudo
- Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Directorate Plant Health, Division Pest Risk Analysis, Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
- Centre for Transformative Agricultural and Food Systems, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Neil A Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Fhatuwani N Mudau
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Edgardo Oscar Avendaño Caceres
- Departamento de quimica e ingenieria Quimica, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann. Avenida Miraflores s/n, Tacna, 23001, Perú
| | - Dragos Popa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
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Ali MS, Iqbal S, Lateef M, Joseph N. Preussiate, a new urease inhibitory chalcone from Dioscorea preussii Pax. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37599618 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2248350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of the aqueous methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Dioscorea preussii, led to the isolation of a new chalcone preussiate (1) along with 10 other compounds including xanthomicrol (2), cholestan-3-one (3), arjunolic acid (4), tormentic acid (5), ursolic acid (6), betulin (7), lupeol (8), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (9), isovanillin (10) and vanillic acid (11), being reported for the first time from this plant. Their structures were established by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR spectroscopy. All the isolates were subjected to the biological screening but only showed antioxidant and urease inhibitory properties. The compounds 1,8 and 11 displayed the most potent urease inhibitory properties with IC50 values, 22.4, 33.3 and 35.7 µM, respectively, while 3 was moderately active. The compound 11 showed potent antioxidant activity among all the tested isolates with an IC50 value of 45.3 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shaiq Ali
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Seerat Iqbal
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Lateef
- Multi-Disciplinary Research Lab, Bahria University, Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ngoupayo Joseph
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
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3
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Yang S, Wang T, Lu A, Wang Q. Discovery of Chiral Diamine Derivatives Containing 1,2-Diphenylethylenediamine as Novel Antiviral and Fungicidal Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37433073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Severe plant virus diseases lead to poor harvests and poor crop quality, and the lack of effective suppressive drugs makes plant disease control a huge challenge. Natural product-based structural simplification is an important strategy for finding novel pesticide candidates. According to our previous research on the antiviral activities of harmine and tetrahydroharmine derivatives, a series of chiral diamine compounds were designed and synthesized by means of structural simplification using diamines in natural products as the core structure in this work, and the antiviral and fungicidal activities were investigated. Most of these compounds displayed higher antiviral activities than those of ribavirin. Compounds 1a and 4g displayed higher antiviral activities than ningnanmycin at 500 μg/mL. The antiviral mechanism research revealed that compounds 1a and 4g could inhibit virus assembly by binding to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) CP and interfere with the assembly process of TMV CP and RNA via transmission electron microscopy and molecular docking. Further fungicidal activity tests showed that these compounds displayed broad-spectrum fungicidal activities. Compounds 3a, 3i, 5c, and 5d with excellent fungicidal activities against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum can be considered as new fungicidal candidates for further research. The current work provides a reference to the development of agricultural active ingredients in crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Tienan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Aidang Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Zamani S, Bakhshi D, Sahraroo A, Ebadi M. Improvement of phytochemical and quality characteristics of Dracocephalum kotschyi by drying methods. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4246-4262. [PMID: 37457179 PMCID: PMC10345690 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different drying methods on drying parameters and qualitative characteristics of Dracocephalum kotschyi in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included shade drying as control, sun drying, cabinet drying (CD at 50 and 60°C), refractance window drying (RWD), infrared drying (IRD) at 200 and 300 W, and combination of RWD+ IRD at 200 and 300 W. According to the results, IRD, RWD, and RWD+ IRD effectively maintained valuable secondary metabolites compared to the conventional drying methods. The maximum total phenol content (2.7 and 2.66 mg GAE/g dry weight), total flavonoid content (2.26 and 2.33 mg QE/g dry weight), antioxidant activity (79% and 78.33%), and essential oil content (0.65% and 0.76%) were obtained from plants dried by RWD and IRD. Samples dried by RWD, IRD, and RWD+ IRD had high color quality, acceptable green color, and less browning. Also, RWD and IRD methods effectively reduced microbial contamination of dried plants compared to the control and other methods. The minimum aerobic mesophiles, mold, yeast, and coliforms were observed at 3.11, 0, and 1.47 log CFU/g in IRD 300 W and 3.17, 1, and 1.30 log CFU/g in RWD. D. kotschyi dried at CD 50°C had the maximum microbial contamination. Generally, according to the obtained results, RWD and IRD methods are suggested for drying of D. kotschyi and similar herbs due to shortening the drying time, preserving and improving the quality properties of dried plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Zamani
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of GuilanRashtIran
| | - Davood Bakhshi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of GuilanRashtIran
| | - Amir Sahraroo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of GuilanRashtIran
| | - Mohammad‐Taghi Ebadi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Salamone S, Aiello N, Fusani P, Rosa A, Nieddu M, Appendino G, Pollastro F. Non-Volatile Terpenoids and Lipophilic Flavonoids from Achillea erba-rotta Subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I. Richardson. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:402. [PMID: 36679115 PMCID: PMC9866263 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Musk yarrow (Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I. Richardson) is endemic to the Central Alps, and is used to flavour alcoholic beverages. Despite its popularity as aromatizing agent and its alleged beneficial effects on digestion, the phytochemical profile of the plant is still largely unknown and undiscovered. As a consequence, its authentication in aromatized products is impossible beyond sensory analysis allowing forgery. To address these issues, we phytochemically characterized a sample of musk yarrow from the Italian Eastern Alps, identifying, in addition to widespread phytochemicals (taraxasterol, apigenin), the guaianolides 3, 8, 9; the seco-caryophyllane 6; and the polymethoxylated lipophilic flavonoids 1, 4, and 5. The flavonoid xanthomicrol 1, a major constituent of the plant, was cytotoxic to HeLa cells, but only modestly affected primary 3T3 fibroblasts. On account of their stability, detectability by UV absorption, and concentration, the oxygenated flavonoids qualify as markers to validate the supply chain of the plant growers to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Salamone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem S.r.l.s., Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nicola Aiello
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Piazza Nicolini 6, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Pietro Fusani
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Piazza Nicolini 6, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Antonella Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mariella Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem S.r.l.s., Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
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6
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Xanthomicrol Activity in Cancer HeLa Cells: Comparison with Other Natural Methoxylated Flavones. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020558. [PMID: 36677614 PMCID: PMC9864045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The methoxylated flavone xanthomicrol represents an uncommon active phenolic compound identified in herbs/plants with a long application in traditional medicine. It was isolated from a sample of Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (musk yar-row) flowering tops. Xanthomicrol promising biological properties include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This study mainly focused on the evaluation of the xanthomicrol impact on lipid metabolism in cancer HeLa cells, together with the investigation of the treatment-induced changes in cell growth, morphology, and apoptosis. At the dose range of 5-100 μM, xanthomicrol (24 h of incubation) significantly reduced viability and modulated lipid profile in cancer Hela cells. It induced marked changes in the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio, significant decreases in the levels of oleic and palmitic acids, and a marked increase of stearic acid, involving an inhibitory effect on de novo lipogenesis and desaturation in cancer cells. Moreover, marked cell morphological alterations, signs of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase were observed in cancer treated cells. The bioactivity profile of xanthomicrol was compared to that of the anticancer methoxylated flavones eupatilin and artemetin, and structure-activity relationships were underlined.
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Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. In Vitro Efficacy on Growth and Apoptosis Induction in Leishmania major Promastigotes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8109264. [PMID: 36277896 PMCID: PMC9586815 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8109264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. is a plant generally used in modern medicine to treat many human illnesses. It is also used to prevent tumor cell proliferation throughout the world. This study's objective was to evaluate this plant's in vitro efficacy on growth and apoptosis induction in Leishmania major promastigotes. To do this, the essential oil is extracted for the test following the collection and identification of D. kotschyi. The essential oil was analyzed using a GC-MS analyzer. Promastigotes of L. major were cultured in RPMI-1640 media, and the MTT assay and a flow cytometry analysis were carried out on promastigotes that had entered the log phase. To differentiate between viable, necrotic, and apoptotic treated or untreated promastigotes, the flow cytometry method of double staining with annexin V-FLUOS and propidium iodide (PI) was used. Given the results obtained, 11 phytochemicals were identified in the essential oil of this plant. Copaene (22.15%), methyl geranate (16.31%), geranial (13.78%), and carvone (11.34%) were the main substances. The essential oil of D. kotschyi inhibits the proliferation of L. major promastigotes at 921 μg/mL, 252 μg/mL, and 416 μg/mL, respectively, after 24 h, 48 h, and 78 h. The cells were divided into four quadrates based on cell phases using the flow cytometry approach by double staining with annexin V-FLUOS and propidium iodide (PI): necrosis (Q1), late apoptosis (Q2), early apoptosis (Q3), and viable (Q4) quadrates. Overall, it is apparent that the different concentrations induced cell apoptosis in promastigotes. Observation under the light microscope at ×100 magnification showed that the different doses of D. kotschyi essential oil caused apparent alterations in the treated promastigotes. In this work, D. kotschyi essential oils induce programmed death on L. major promastigotes. This study opens many research perspectives, such as investigating the mechanisms of action and the production of a phytomedicine based on this plant.
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8
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Tzouras NV, Scattolin T, Gobbo A, Bhandary S, Rizzolio F, Cavarzerani E, Canzonieri V, Van Hecke K, Vougioukalakis GC, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP. A Green Synthesis of Carbene-Metal-Amides (CMAs) and Carboline-Derived CMAs with Potent in vitro and ex vivo Anticancer Activity. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200135. [PMID: 35312174 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The modularity and ease of synthesis of carbene-metal-amide (CMA) complexes based on the coinage metals (Au, Ag, Cu) and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as ancillary ligands pave the way for the expansion of their applications beyond photochemistry and catalysis. Herein, we further improve the synthesis of such compounds by circumventing the use of toxic organic solvents which were previously required for their purification, and we expand their scope to include complexes incorporating carbolines as the amido fragments. The novel complexes are screened both in vitro and ex vivo, against several cancer cell lines and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) tumoroids, respectively. Excellent cytotoxicity values are obtained for most complexes, while the structural variety of the CMA library screened thus far, provides promising leads for future developments. Variations of all three components (NHC, metal, amido ligand), enable the establishment of trends regarding cytotoxicity and selectivity towards cancerous over normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos V Tzouras
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281,S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alberto Gobbo
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281,S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Subhrajyoti Bhandary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281,S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Enrico Cavarzerani
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281,S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Georgios C Vougioukalakis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Catherine S J Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281,S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281,S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Moghaddam HH, Emadi F, Esmaeil-Jamaat E, Kamalinejad M, Alijaniha F. Plants from Genus Dracocephalum in Iran: Pharmacology and Phytochemistry Overview. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2022; 19:e280422204213. [PMID: 36104857 DOI: 10.2174/1570163819666220428123059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genus Dracocephalum belongs to the Lamiaceae family, representing 11 species in Iran, containing D. ghahremanii Jamzad, D. lindbergii Rech. F, D. oligadenium Bornm. & Gauba, D. kotschyi Boiss., D.multicaule, D.Aucheri, D.Subcapitatum, D.Thymifolium, D.Moldavica, D. polychaetum Borm, and D. surmandinum Rech.f. The current study aimed to investigate the morphological and phytochemical properties of Dracocephalum species in Iran and their pharmacological effects. METHODS The search was restricted to scientific articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, SpringerLink, and Scopus. The search was limited to scientific journals, books, and book chapters focusing on the medicinal properties of Dracocephalum in Iran for the era from 1993 to 2020. RESULTS Findings show that Dracocephalum species were utilized to treat various disorders in traditional medicine. Phytochemical studies show that the main constituents isolated from the plant consist of lignans, phytosterol, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, Sesquiterpenes, and oxygenated and hydro carbonated monoterpenes. These main components are responsible for antihyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, anticancer, antispasmodic, antioxidant, and cardiovascular effects of the plant. CONCLUSION This plant has a good potential for drug discovery and curing different diseases. Therefore, more research will be done on the Iranian species of Dracocephalum based on clinical and animal studies to develop an effective drug formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Hesami Moghaddam
- Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Emadi
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Esmaeil-Jamaat
- Department of Neurosciences & Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alijaniha
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Shadakshari A, Suresha Kumara T, Sowmya H, Ismail, Harish B, Yamuna A. Recyclable Amberlite IR-120 Catalyzed domino reaction: Synthesis, anticancer activity and molecular docking studies of biscoumarins. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Sun CP, Yi J, Wei F, Lv X, Deng S, Zhang BJ, Zhao WY, Ma XC. UV-light-driven photooxidation of harmaline catalyzed by riboflavin: Product characterization and mechanisms. Fitoterapia 2021; 155:105054. [PMID: 34626737 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
β-Carboline alkaloid harmaline (HA) is a candidate drug molecule that has been proven to have broad and significant biological activity. Herein, the effects of HA on the riboflavin (RF)-sensitized photooxidation under aerobic conditions were studied for the first time. The photooxidation reaction of HA catalyzed by RF is triggered by UV light at 365 nm and shows a time-dependent stepwise reaction process. Seven transformed products, including five undescribed compounds, oxoharmalines A-E (1-4 and 7), and two known compounds, N-(2-(6-Methoxy-2-oxoindolin-3-yl)ethyl)acetamide (5) and harmine (6), were isolated and identified from the reaction system, following as the gradual oxidation mechanisms. The rare polymerization and dehydrogenation processes in radical-mediated photocatalytic reactions were involved in the process. The transformed products 2-7 exhibited significant neuroprotective activity in a model of H2O2-introduced injury in SH-SY5Y cells, which suggested that the products of the interaction between HA and vitamins may be beneficial to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Peng Sun
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fan Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xia Lv
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sa Deng
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bao-Jing Zhang
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wen-Yu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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12
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Nourozi E, Hosseini B, Maleki R, Abdollahi Mandoulakani B. Inductive effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the anticancer compounds production and expression of rosmarinic acid biosynthesis genes in Dracocephalum kotschyi transformed roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:934-945. [PMID: 34555667 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methoxylated flavonoids, mainly xanthomicrol and cirsimaritin that can be extracted from Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss, have anticancer, antispasmodic and antiplatelet effects. The production of these valuable pharmaceutical compounds is one of the major goals of biotechnology studies. In this work, induced transformed roots were influenced by various concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) at 24 or 48 h exposure time. The effects of TiO2 NPs were assessed on growth rate, activity of antioxidant enzymes, total phenol and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC) and rosmarinic acid (RA) and some flavonoids accumulation. The gene expression level of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) and rosmarinic acid synthase (ras) genes were assessed by real time PCR analysis. The transformed roots biomass was substantially increased in elicited roots in comparison with the control. The TPC, TFC and antioxidant enzymes activitywere affected by TiO2 NPs concentration and exposure time. Valuable flavonoids with anticancer characteristics along with xanthomicrol, cirsimaritin and isokaempferide exhibited an increase (70, 34.28 and 7.81-fold, respectively) versus the control. The maximum content of RA (530.5 μg g-1 FW), which was 4.30 times as great as that of control was detected in samples treated with TiO2 NPs (50 mg L-1) 24 h after elicitation. Real-time PCR analysis revealed a considerable increase in pal and ras expression rate engaged by TiO2 NPs levels and exposure time. Overall D. kotschyi transformed roots elicitation by TiO2 NPs led to a massive increment in the production of valuable anticancer flavonoids such as xanthomicrol, cirsimaritin and RA as polyphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Nourozi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran; Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), West Azarbayjan Branch, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Bahman Hosseini
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ramin Maleki
- Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), West Azarbayjan Branch, Urmia, Iran
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Doskaliyev A, Seidakhmetova R, Tutai DS, Goldaeva K, Surov V, Adekenov S. Alkaloids of Peganum harmala L. and their Pharmacological Activity. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Peganum harmala L. contains 17 alkaloids of quinazoline and indole structure types. Of these, harmaline, harmine, harmalol and L-peganin (vazicin) are pharmacologically active. It was established that of the alkaloids contained in the seeds, 50-95% is dominated by harmaline, harmine is dominated in the roots (67-74% of the total of extractive substances), and in the aerial part, the main mass is peganin (up to 78% of the total of alkaloids). Beta-carboline alkaloids of Peganum harmala L. inhibit monoamine oxidase, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect.
This article is devoted to the results of studies of the neurotropic action of harmine hydrochloride, when compared with the activity of the reference drug “Amitriptyline”. It was shown that the use of harmine hydrochloride helps to reduce the level of anxiety in animals under conditions of experimental psychoemotional chronic stress with prolonged administration. In the study of acute and chronic toxicity, it was determined that harmine hydrochloride belongs to the category of moderately toxic substances (hazard class II). According to the results of molecular docking, the presence of strong bonds in harmine hydrochloride with the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor, dopamine D2 receptor, as well as monoamine oxidase A and B was revealed, which indicates the implementation of the mechanism of neurotropic action of harmine hydrochloride at the level of synaptic neurotransmission of monoamines (dopamine, serotonin and others). It was also established that harmine hydrochloride eliminates haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats, reduces oligokinesia and rigidity in the Parkinson’s test, has antihypoxic activity in the hypobaric hypoxia test, and exhibits pronounced antidepressant activity in the Porsolt’s test. In the course of the study of pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, it was revealed that with the administration of harmine hydrochloride, the quantitative content is quickly achieved and the concentration of the active substance in the blood significantly increases. The relative bioavailability of harmine hydrochloride is 112.7%.
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Lee SE, Okhlopkova Z, Lim C, Cho S. Dracocephalum palmatum Stephan extract induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells via the caspase-8-mediated extrinsic pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 18:793-800. [PMID: 33039058 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dracocephalum palmatum Stephan is a medicinal plant traditionally used by nomadic people in Eastern Russia; however, research on this plant is currently limited. Recently, although studies have been conducted on the constituents of this plant and their antioxidant effects, data on its various pharmacological activities are still lacking. Thus, this study examined the anticancer potential of the dried leaves of D. palmatum S. (DpL) using human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. The antioxidant potential of DpL was evaluated by estimating the total flavonoid and total phenolic content (TFC and TPC, respectively). Additionally, we investigated the effects of the DpL ethyl acetate fraction (DpLE) on cell proliferation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in this cell line. The expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, SOD-2, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) ratio, phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT), cleaved caspase-8, poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP), and cleaved-PARP were evaluated by western blotting. The results indicated that DpLE causes apoptosis and exerts intracellular ROS-independent anticancer effects on prostate cancer cells, associated with increased SOD-2, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved-PARP expression and inhibited p-AKT signaling. Thus, DpLE may be a potential resource for the development of promising chemotherapeutic agents for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Eun Lee
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhanna Okhlopkova
- Department of Biology, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 677027, Russia
| | - Chiyeon Lim
- College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Cho
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Sotillo WS, Tarqui S, Huang X, Almanza G, Oredsson S. Breast cancer cell line toxicity of a flavonoid isolated from Baccharis densiflora. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:188. [PMID: 34215226 PMCID: PMC8254278 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are compounds of interest in the search for new anti-cancer therapies. We have previously isolated the methoxyflavones 5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3′-tetramethoxyflavone (8-methoxycirsilineol), 5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (xanthomicrol), and 5,4,'3′-trihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (sideritoflavone) from Baccharis densiflora. Herein, we investigate the toxicity of these methoxyflavones in human breast-derived cell line. Our main aim was to focus on the cancer stem cell (CSC) sub-population of JIMT-1 breast cancer cells. Methods Initially, dose response experiments yielding inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) values were performed using MCF-7, HCC1937, and JIMT-1 breast cancer, and the MCF-10A normal-like breast cell lines to get an understanding of toxic ranges. Due to a clear difference in the toxicity of the flavones, only sideritoflavone was selected for further studies using the JIMT-1 cell line. Effects on the CSC sub-population was investigated using flow cytometry-based methods. A wound healing assay and digital holographic microscopy were used to investigate effects on cell movement. A reporter assay was used to study effects on signal transduction pathways and Western blot for protein expression. Results The dose response data showed that 8-methoxycirsilineol was non-toxic at concentrations below 100 μM, that the IC50 of xanthomicrol was between 50 and 100 μM, while sideritoflavone was highly toxic with a single digit μM IC50 in all cell lines. Treatment of the JIMT-1 cells with 2 μM sideritoflavone did not selectively effect the CSC sub-population. Instead, sideritoflavone treatment inhibited the proliferation of both the non-CSC and the CSC sub-populations to the same extent. The inhibition of cell proliferation resulted in an accumulation of cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and the treated cells showed an increased level of γ-H2A histone family member X indicating DNA double strand breaks. Analysis of the effect of sideritoflavone treatment on signal transduction pathways showed activation of the Wnt, Myc/Max, and transforming growth factor-β pathways. The level of p65/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated Β cells was increased in sideritoflavone-treated cells. Cell movement was decreased by sideritoflavone treatment. Conclusions Altogether our data show that the methoxyflavone sideritoflavone has favourable anti-cancer effects that may be exploited for development to be used in combination with CSC specific compounds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03349-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Soria Sotillo
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Institute, University Major of San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Santiago Tarqui
- Chemical Research Institute, University Major of San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Giovanna Almanza
- Chemical Research Institute, University Major of San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
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Kahromi S, Khara J. Chitosan stimulates secondary metabolite production and nutrient uptake in medicinal plant Dracocephalum kotschyi. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3898-3907. [PMID: 33348431 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A wide variety of secondary metabolites are synthesized from primary metabolites by plants which have a vast range in pharmaceutical, food additive and industrial applications. In recent years, the use of elicitors has opened a novel approach for the production of secondary metabolite compounds. Dracocephalum kotschyi is a valuable herb due to pharmaceutical compounds like rosmarinic acid, quercetin and apigenin. In the current study, foliar application of chitosan (0, 100, 400 mg L-1 ) as an elicitor was used. RESULTS After chitosan treatment, the amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) increased and the plant was able to increase the activities of enzymatic (guaiacol peroxidase, catalase and phenylalanine ammonium lyase) and non-enzymatic (total phenols and flavonoids) defensive metabolites. Also, foliar spray of chitosan promoted nutrient absorption which led to the accumulation of macroelements in the plant. CONCLUSIONS Chitosan was found to be a very effective elicitor for improving rosmarinic acid and quercetin content (up to 13-fold). Also, the content of apigenin (anticancer flavonoid) showed 16-fold enhancement compared to the control. Therefore, the treatment of D. kotschyi leaves with chitosan caused a very large increase in the induction and production of important pharmaceutical compounds such as rosmarinic acid and quercetin. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Kahromi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jalil Khara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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17
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Jalali A, Dabaghian F, Zarshenas MM. Alkaloids of Peganum harmala: Anticancer Biomarkers with Promising Outcomes. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:185-196. [PMID: 33238864 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201125103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a serious and growing global health issue worldwide. In the cancerous cells, the normal cell cycle has been disrupted via a series of irreversible changes. Recently, the investigations on herbal medicine and clarifying the phytochemicals potential in treat cancer has been increased. The combination of phytochemicals with conventional cancer treatment approaches can improve outcomes via advancing cell death, restraining cell proliferation and invasion, sensitizing cancerous cells, and promoting the immune system. Therefore, phytochemicals can be introduced as relevant complementary medicaments in cancer therapy. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) as a valuable medicinal herb, possesses various alkaloid ingredient. OBJECTIVE Pointing to the importance of new avenues for cancer management and P. harmala convincing effect in this field, this review strived to collect a frame to epitome possible scopes to develop novel medicines in cancer treatment. METHODS Keywords "Peganum harmala" and cancer, or chemotherapy, or anti-neoplasm were searched through the "Scopus" database up to 29th of February 2020. Papers linking to agriculture, chemistry, environmental, and genetics sciences were omitted and, papers centered on cancer were selected. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the current study, 42 related papers to cancer treatment and 22 papers on alkaloid bioactive components are collected from 72 papers. The β-carboline alkaloids derived from P. harmala, especially harmine, demonstrate notable anticancer properties by targeting apoptosis, autophagy, abnormal cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cytotoxicity. Based on the collected information, P. harmala holds significant anticancer activity. Considering the mechanism of the various anticancer drugs and their acting similarity to P. harmala, the alkaloids derived from this herb, particularly harmine, can introduce as a novel anticancer medicine solely or in adjuvant cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Jalali
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Dabaghian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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18
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Minaiyan M, Sadraei H, Yousefi I, Sajjadi SE, Talebi A. Evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic and flavonoid-enriched extracts of Dracocephalum kotschyi on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:141-152. [PMID: 34084201 PMCID: PMC8102923 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.310521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Dracocephalum kotschyi (Zaringiah) is a fragrant wild medicinal plant found in Iran. Traditionally, it is used for the treatment of rheumatism, asthma, and gastrointestinal ailments. So far no investigation has been done on the beneficial or side effects of D. kotschyi on peptic ulcer. Therefore, this research was performed to find out whether D. kotschyi extract would induce peptic ulcer or could alleviate existing peptic ulcer. Experimental approach: Effect of hydroalcoholic (DKHE) and flavonoid extracts (DKFE) of D. kotschyi were determined in normal or indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rats (n = 6) and compared with the vehicle and ranitidine treated controls. All the treatments were carried out orally and 24 h later the stomach mucus was visually examined for peptic ulcers. A section of the stomach was taken for microscopic histopathological examinations while another section of the stomach was used for measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities. Findings/Results: Oral administration of the DKHE and DKFE alone, did not cause any sign of gastric ulcer induction. The D. kotschyi extracts not only didn’t aggravate the induced ulcer but also significantly prevented the severity of gastric ulcer induction by indomethacin. In addition, DKHE and DKFE inhibited MPO (up to 58.2%) and MDA (up to 44.2%) activities indicating their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential action on the stomach-induced ulcer. Conclusion and implication: Usage of D. kotschyi extracts is not associated with gastric ulcer induction and its co-administration with NSAIDs would be beneficial for controlling both the inflammation and preventing gastric ulcer in diseases such as rheumatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Minaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Hassan Sadraei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Iman Yousefi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Sayed-Ebrahim Sajjadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ardeshir Talebi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Chahardoli A, Qalekhani F, Shokoohinia Y, Fattahi A. Biological and Catalytic Activities of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Infusion of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2021; 5:2000018. [PMID: 33552550 PMCID: PMC7857125 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and development of active compounds to eliminate drug resistance and side effects is a crucial process. In this study, the leaf infusion of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss as a novel green alternative is used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Drac-AgNPs). Antibacterial, cytotoxicity effects, hemocompatibility, and the catalytic properties of these nanoparticles are evaluated. The synthesis of Drac-AgNPs is confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, where Drac-AgNPs are spherical, with a size range of 5-63 nm. Their IC50 values against H1299 and MCF-7 cell lines are above 50 and 100 μg mL-1, respectively. Drac-AgNPs are effective against an inclusive range of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, that is, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a low hemolytic effect makes them an exceptional AgNP with a great hemocompatibility. They show a moderate catalytic-effect in terms of removing methylene blue, with 67% degradation. Altogether, Drac-AgNP, as a multi-tasker material, shows potential for the prevention and treatment of infections and photothermal/chemotherapy of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Chahardoli
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterHealth InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Medical Biology Research CenterHealth Technology InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshah6715847141Iran
| | - Farshad Qalekhani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterHealth InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Yalda Shokoohinia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterHealth InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Ali Fattahi
- Medical Biology Research CenterHealth Technology InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshah6715847141Iran
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Hosseini-Sharifabad A, Sadraei H, Hashemnia M, Sajjadi SE, Mirdamadi Z. Effect of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of Dracocephalum kotschyi on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2021.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
Dracocephalum kotschyi is an Iranian traditional medicine with anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory properties. The objective of this research was to investigate the preventive effect of D. kotschyi extract in bleomycin induced fibrosis. Methods: Fibrosis was induced by intratracheal administration of a single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg) in rat. One group received daily administration of normal saline. Other groups were treated daily with oral administration of either hydroalcoholic or aqueous extract of D. kotschyi (20, 40, & 80 mg/kg). Another group was treated with pirfenidone (100 mg/kg). After 4 weeks daily treatments, the animals were sacrificed and the whole lungs were dissected out for biochemical and histopathological examinations. The biochemical examination included assessment of hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde levels. Results: The lung tissues in bleomycin treated groups showed severe tissue injuries. However, lung tissues in the groups that received hydroalcoholic or aqueous extracts of D. kotschyi showed mild to moderate tissue injuries. Intratracheal instillation of bleomycin significantly increased hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde biomarker levels compared with the sham group. In the positive control group treated with pirfenidone, there was a marked reduction in both hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde levels. Both hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of D. kotschyi significantly prevented the elevation of hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde levels at the above oral doses in comparison to the vehicle treated control group. Conclusion: Prevention of hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde elevation levels in this experiment indicates that D. kotschyi extract might be a suitable remedy for the treatment of respiratory fibrosis induced by drugs such as bleomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hosseini-Sharifabad
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Hassan Sadraei
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemnia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, I.R. Iran
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Sajjadi
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zahra Mirdamadi
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Xanthomicrol Exerts Antiangiogenic and Antitumor Effects in a Mouse Melanoma (B16F10) Allograft Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8543872. [PMID: 33424993 PMCID: PMC7772032 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8543872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomicrol, a trimethoxylated hydroxyflavone, is the main active component of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss leaf extract. Preliminary in vitro studies identified this compound as a potential antiangiogenic and anticancer agent. This study aimed to evaluate in vivo anticancer effect of xanthomicrol and investigate its molecular mechanism of action in a mouse melanoma (B16F10) model. Effect of xanthomicrol on B16F10 melanoma cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. For in vivo experiments, C57BL/6 mice were inoculated subcutaneously with B16F10 cells. After five days, once daily administration of xanthomicrol, thalidomide, or vehicle was commenced and continued for 21 consecutive days. On the 26th day, blood samples and tumor biopsies were taken for subsequent molecular analysis. Xanthomicrol showed inhibitory effect on viability of B16F10 melanoma cells (IC50 value: 3.433 μg/ml). Initial tumor growth, tumor volume and weight, and angiogenesis were significantly decreased in xanthomicrol-treated animals compared with those in vehicle group. Protein expression of phosphorylated Akt, mRNA expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in tumor tissues, and serum VEGF were significantly decreased in xanthomicrol-treated animals compared with vehicle-treated animals. Thus, xanthomicrol inhibited cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. This effect, at least in part, was exerted by interfering with PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibiting VEGF secretion by tumor cells. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact molecular mechanisms of antitumor activity of xanthomicrol.
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Attari F, Keighobadi F, Abdollahi M, Arefian E, Lotfizadeh R, Sepehri H, Moridi Farimani M. Inhibitory effect of flavonoid xanthomicrol on triple-negative breast tumor via regulation of cancer-associated microRNAs. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1967-1982. [PMID: 33217075 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Due to the side effects of current chemo-reagents on healthy tissues, it is essential to search for alternative compounds with less toxicity and better efficacy. In the present study, we have investigated the anticancer effects of flavonoid xanthomicrol on the mice breast cancer model using MTT assay, cell cycle and Annexin/PI analysis, colony formation assay, H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, and miRNA analysis. Our results demonstrated that xanthomicrol decreased the cell viability and clonogenic capability, induced G1-arrest and apoptosis in the breast cancer cells in vitro, and caused a significant reduction in the volume and weight of mice tumors in vivo. In addition, xanthomicrol reduced the expression of TNFα, VEGF, MMP9, and Ki67, while upregulating the expression of apoptotic markers such as Bax, caspase3, and caspase9. Finally, the expression of miR21, miR27, and miR125, known as oncomirs, decreased significantly after xanthomicrol administration, while the expression of miR29 and miR34, functioning as tumor suppressors, increased significantly (p < .001). Our data demonstrated that xanthomicrol can induce apoptosis and suppress angiogenesis in breast cancer cells due to its inhibitory effect on oncomirs and its stimulatory effect on tumor suppressor miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Attari
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Keighobadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Molecular Virology Lab, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Lotfizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Houri Sepehri
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Moridi Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Miao X, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Gao J, Kang N, Liu X, Wu J, Liu Y, Tan P. The toxicity assessment of extract of Peganum harmala L. seeds in Caenorhabditis elegans. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:256. [PMID: 32807143 PMCID: PMC7433056 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peganum harmala L. is a medicinal herb extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). So far, relevant reports on the toxicity of Peganum harmala L. seeds (PHS) are hardly available. Especially, we still know little about the in vivo mechanism for PHS toxicity. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity effects of PHS in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), investigate the possible mechanism of the toxicity effects of PHS, and provide reference for the pharmacological research of PHS. METHODS In the present study, the C. elegans was exposed to 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 mg/mL of PHS in nematode growth medium (NGM) at 22 °C in the presence of food. Lethality, lifespan, growth, reproduction, and locomotion behavior assays were performed to evaluate the toxicity effects of PHS in C. elegans. We then determined the mechanism of the toxicity effect of PHS by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity assay, and oxidative stress resistance assays. The main components of PHS were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Compared with the control group, the lethality of C. elegans was significantly increased when they were exposed to the ethanol extract of PHS at 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mg/mL (P < 0.01), and the mean lifespan was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). We also observed that PHS exposure could induce the toxicity on body length, brood size, and locomotion behavior. CONCLUSION Our study shows that the ethanol extract of PHS exerts obvious toxic effects on C. elegans, which would provide new ideas and methods for the biological evaluation of the toxicity of Chinese medicinal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhen Miao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanyan Yuan
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Nianxin Kang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinkui Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peng Tan
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Nguyen NH, Ta QTH, Pham QT, Luong TNH, Phung VT, Duong TH, Vo VG. Anticancer Activity of Novel Plant Extracts and Compounds from Adenosma bracteosum (Bonati) in Human Lung and Liver Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122912. [PMID: 32599892 PMCID: PMC7356985 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, and despite the advances in drug development, it is still necessary to develop new plant-derived medicines. Compared with using conventional chemical drugs to decrease the side effects induced by chemotherapy, natural herbal medicines have many advantages. The present study aimed to discover the potential cytotoxicity of ethanol extract and its derived fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and aqueous) of Adenosma bracteosum Bonati. (A. bracteosum) on human large cell lung carcinoma (NCI-H460) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). Among these fractions, the chloroform showed significant activity in the inhibition of proliferation of both cancerous cells because of the presence of bioactive compounds including xanthomicrol, 5,4’-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3’-tetramethoxyflavone, and ursolic acid which were clearly revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Coherence, and Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence Spectroscopy) analyses. According to the radical scavenging capacity, the 5,4’-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3’-tetramethoxyflavone compound (AB2) exhibited the highest anticancer activity on both NCI-H460 and HepG2 with IC50 values of 4.57 ± 0.32 and 5.67 ± 0.09 µg/mL respectively, followed by the ursolic acid with the lower percent inhibition at 13.05 ± 0.55 and 10.00 ± 0.16 µg/mL, respectively (p < 0.05). Remarkably, the AB2 compound induced to significant increase in the production of reactive oxygen species accompanied by attenuation of mitochondrial membrane potential, thus inducing the activation of caspase-3 activity in both human lung and liver cancer cells. These results suggest that A. bracteosum is a promising source of useful natural products and AB2 offers opportunities to develop the novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Hong Nguyen
- CirTech Institute, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Qui Thanh Hoai Ta
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Quang Thang Pham
- Institute of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (Q.T.P.); (T.N.H.L.)
| | - Thi Ngoc Han Luong
- Institute of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (Q.T.P.); (T.N.H.L.)
| | - Van Trung Phung
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Van Giau Vo
- Bionanotechnology Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Correspondence:
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Sadraei H, Sajjadi SE, Tarafdar A. Antispasmodic effect of hydroalcoholic and flavonoids extracts of Dracocephalum kotschyi on rabbit bladder. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2020.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dracocephalum kotschyi extract has antispasmodic activities on smooth muscle including ileum, uterus and trachea. The objective of this research was to investigate antispasmodic activity of hydroalcoholic and flavonoids extracts of D. kotschyi on rabbit bladder contractions. Methods: Rabbits were euthanized by carbon dioxide asphyxiation and the whole bladder was dissected out and immersed in the Tyrode’s solution. Longitudinal bladder strips were mounted vertically in an organ bath at 37°C and gassed continuously with O2 . Bladder strips were contracted with acetylcholine (ACh), KCl, or electrical field stimulation (EFS). Isotonic tension of the tissue was recorded before and after addition of hydroalcoholic or flavonoids rich extracts of D. kotschyi. Nifedipine and propantheline were used as standard drugs. Results: Standard drug propantheline, prevented bladder phasic contraction induced by ACh (1µM) without affecting KCl response. On the other hand, cumulative addition of nifedipine attenuated the tonic contractions induced by KCl (20mM) on bladder smooth muscle. Hydroalcoholic and flavonoids extracts of D. kotschyiat concentration ranges of 10-320 µg/ mL in a concentration dependent way inhibited bladder tonic contraction induced by KCl (n=6). Both extracts also in a concentration-dependent manner relaxed EFS and ACh-induced contractions (range, 20–1280 µg/mL) of bladder smooth muscle in vitro. Complete inhibition was achieved with the highest used concentrations of the extracts. The inhibitory effect of the extract was reversible following washing the tissues with fresh Tyrode’s solution. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated that D. kotschyi extracts were able to prevent contractions induced by ACh, KCl or EFS in isolated rabbit bladder. This means that people consuming this medicinal plant may face urinary retention which could be a problem for patients with prostate hypertrophy. On the other hand, this plant might be useful in patients with urinary incontinence. However, its usefulness must be assessed in the controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sadraei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Sajjadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arefe Tarafdar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Moradi H, Ghavam M, Tavili A. Study of antioxidant activity and some herbal compounds of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. in different ages of growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 25:e00408. [PMID: 32140440 PMCID: PMC7044509 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss belongs to Lamiaceae and one of the eight species of the genus Dracocephalum, is an endemic species of Iran and is grown in areas such as Isfahan, Yasuj, Mazandaran, and Tabriz. D kotschyi (Zarringiah) using the IUCN grouping criteria is one of the vulnerable species in Iran. The lowest concentration of plant sample (15.8489 ± 0.001 μg/ml) was related to flower organs in the second year of cultivation, an increase can be observed in the antioxidant activity of this plant compared to the synthetic antioxidant (19.95 μg/ml). The six-year-old plant with the highest antioxidant capacity, phenolic, and flavonoid compounds to produce the best age vegetative antioxidant and is mainly based on flower organs are preferred.
Objective Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss is one of eight species of Dracocephalum, an endemic species of Iran, and grows in areas such as Isfahan, Yasuj, Mazandaran, and Tabriz. The present study was designed to analyze the antioxidant, phenol and flavonoids contents of this plant under different conditions of cultivation in a completely randomized, factorial design. Materials and methods Shrubs of different ages (two, three, and six) in cultivated rangeland collected from three randomly plant at the end of May 2018 simultaneously with the flowering time. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of plant samples were evaluated with DPPH method. Total phenolic compounds and the total content of flavonoids were measured using the Folin Sioukhlu and aluminum chloride methods respectively. Results The result showed that there was a significant effect of planting time, plant organs and interaction of time and organ on the total antioxidant capacity and total phenol and flavonoids contents. The highest antioxidant activity, total phenol, and total flavonoid have belonged to the flower of six age plants. The highest antioxidant activity, total phenol, and total flavonoid have belonged to the flower of six age. The highest level of antioxidant activity with IC50 15.8489 ± 0.001 μg/ml belonged to the flower of the two-year-old plant, which has a stronger antioxidant activity than the BHT standard with 19.95 μg/ml. Conclusion But in general, it can be said that the six-year-old plant with the highest antioxidant capacity, phenolic, and flavonoid compounds is the best age and mainly flower organ is preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moradi
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mansureh Ghavam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ali Tavili
- Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Mountainous, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Nourozi E, Hosseini B, Maleki R, Abdollahi Mandoulakani B. Iron oxide nanoparticles: a novel elicitor to enhance anticancer flavonoid production and gene expression in Dracocephalum kotschyi hairy-root cultures. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:6418-6430. [PMID: 31294466 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. is a valuable source of rosmarinic acid (RA) and methoxylated hydroxyflavones (such as xanthomicrol and cirsimaritin) with antioxidative and antiplatelet effects and with antiproliferative potential against various cancer cells. The extensive application of nanotechnology in hairy root cultures is a new sustainable production platform for producing these active constituents. In the present study, hairy roots derived from 4-week-old leaves and Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC15834 were used to investigate the impact of various concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe NPs) in two elicitation time exposures (24 and 48 h) on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC), and some polyphenols. Gene expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) and rosmarinic acid synthase (ras) were also analyzed. RESULTS Iron nanoparticles enhanced biomass accumulation in hairy roots. The treatment time and Fe NP dosage largely improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes, TPC and TFC. The highest RA (1194 μg g-1 FW) content (9.7-fold), compared to controls, was detected with 24 h of exposure to 75 mg L-1 Fe NP, which was consistent with the expression of pal and ras genes under the influence of elicitation. The xanthomicrol, cirsimaritin, and isokaempferide content was increased 11.87, 3.85, and 2.27-fold, respectively. CONCLUSION Stimulation of D. kotschyi hairy roots by Fe NPs led to a significant increase in the induction and production of important pharmaceutical compounds such as rosmarinic acid and xanthomicrol. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Nourozi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Hosseini
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ramin Maleki
- Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Urmia Branch, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Heydari P, Yavari M, Adibi P, Asghari G, Ghanadian SM, Dida GO, Khamesipour F. Medicinal Properties and Active Constituents of Dracocephalum kotschyi and Its Significance in Iran: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:9465309. [PMID: 31198431 PMCID: PMC6526565 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9465309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dracocephalum has over 60 species and is found mainly in the temperate regions of Asia and Europe. One of these species, i.e., Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss, is known to have a number of medicinal properties and active ingredients in many parts of the world. Despite being an endemic wild-flowering plant of great importance, the plant is currently considered endangered in Iran. Besides, there is paucity of information on the significance of the medicinal properties and active constituents of D. kotschyi among the Iranian people. On that account a systematic review of studies reporting on the medicinal properties and active ingredients and its significance to human and animal health was conducted and the existing knowledge gaps were identified. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used in the search for published articles on medicinal properties and active ingredients of D. kotschyi and its significance on humans and animals in Iran. The search was confined to scientific articles from repositories of popular data bases and search engines among them PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, SpringerLink, and Scopus. The search narrowed down on scientific journals, books, and book chapters focusing on the medicinal properties of D. kotschyi in Iran for the period between 1970 and 2018. RESULTS A total of 1158 scientific articles were sourced from the various databases, out of which 38 met the search criteria and qualified for this review. The studies were conducted in only 9 of the 31 provinces of Iran, with a large proportion in Isfahan province, central Iran. The studies showed that all plant parts (roots, aerial parts, flowers, and leaves) had active constituents. Essential oils and aerial plant parts were the main components studied. Nevertheless, the most frequently reported constituents were xanthomicrol, limonene, luteolin, geranial, apigenin, and calycopterin. A number of medicinal properties were reported among them antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancerous, antinociceptive, antihyperlipidemic, antispasmodic, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory effects. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for inflammatory pain, headaches, congestion, liver disorders, ulcer, fever, renal pain, dyspepsia, stomach ache, abdominal pain, joints pains, muscle spasm, congestion, bloating, and wound healing effects, among others. CONCLUSION This review has shown that D. kotschyi is an important medicinal plant with a large number of active constituents and great potential to safeguard human and animal health in Iran. However, over utilization of the D. kotschyi plant is already endangering its existence. Nevertheless, more studies need be conducted across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Heydari
- 1Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- 2Department of Traditional Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Yavari
- 1Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- 2Department of Traditional Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- 3Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asghari
- 4Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Syed-Mustafa Ghanadian
- 5Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gabriel O. Dida
- 6School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Kenya
- 7Department of Community and Public Health, Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Faham Khamesipour
- 8Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
- 9Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chahardoli A, Karimi N, Fattahi A, Salimikia I. Biological applications of phytosynthesized gold nanoparticles using leaf extract of Dracocephalum kotschyi. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:621-630. [PMID: 30411481 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, biosynthesis potentials of Dracocephalum kotschyi leaf extract for the production of gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) were studied, and the biological (catalytic, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer) activities of studied AuNPs were evaluated. Different analytical techniques including UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the characterization of AuNPs. Moreover, Different testing methods were used for evaluating biological activities of biosynthesized AuNPs. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed by color change and UV-visible spectroscopic analysis. Field emission (FE)-SEM and TEM images were used to characterize phytosynthesized AuNPs which were predominantly spherical in shape with size in the range of 5-21 nm. These spherical NPs were found to be 39.79 ± 5 nm in size as determined by dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer. XRD pattern confirms the crystalline nature of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. The phytoconstituents involved in the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles have been identified using FTIR spectra. The phytosynthesized AuNPs showed effective antioxidant, antibacterial and catalytic reduction activities. Furthermore, they have inhibited H1229 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. These results have supported that D. kotschyi leaf extract was very efficient for the synthesis of AuNPs, and synthesized NPs showed enhanced biological activities which make them suitable for biomedical applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 621-630, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Chahardoli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Fattahi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Iraj Salimikia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Samadi L, Larijani K, Naghdi Badi H, Mehrafarin A. Qualitative and quantitative variations of the essential oils of Dracocephalum kotschyi
Boiss. as affected by different drying methods. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Samadi
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Kambiz Larijani
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Ali Mehrafarin
- Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Institute of Medicinal Plants; ACECR; Karaj Iran
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Uhl KL, Schultz CR, Geerts D, Bachmann AS. Harmine, a dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) inhibitor induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:82. [PMID: 29977157 PMCID: PMC5992763 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is an early childhood malignancy that arises from the developing sympathetic nervous system. Harmine is a tricyclic β-carboline alkaloid isolated from the harmal plant that exhibits both cytostatic and cytotoxic effects. Harmine is capable of blocking the activities of dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase. These kinases promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. Methods Four human NB cell lines were used to study the effects of harmine treatment: SKNBE and KELLY (MYCN-amplified) as well as SKNAS and SKNFI (MYCN non-amplified). The anti-cancer properties of harmine were examined by RealTime-Glo MT cell viability assays, caspase activity assays, PARP cleavage using Western blot analysis, and flow cytometry-based Annexin V detection. A molecular interaction model of harmine bound to the DYRK2 family kinase was generated by computational docking using X-ray structures. NB tumors from human patients were profiled for DYRK mRNA expression patterns and clinical correlations using the R2 platform. Results The IC50 values for harmine after 72 h treatment were 169.6, 170.8, and 791.7 μM for SKNBE, KELLY, and SKNFI, respectively. Exposure of these NB cell lines to 100 μM of harmine resulted in caspase-3/7 and caspase-9 activation as well as caspase-mediated PARP cleavage and Annexin V-positive stained cells, as early as 24 h after treatment, clearly suggesting apoptosis induction, especially in MYCN-amplified cell lines. Elevated DYRK2 mRNA levels correlated with poor prognosis in a large cohort of NB tumors. Conclusion Harmine is a known inhibitor of DYRK family kinases. It can induce apoptosis in NB cell lines, which led us to investigate the clinical correlations of DYRK family gene expression in NB tumors. The patient results support our hypothesis that DYRK inhibition by harmine and the subsequent triggering of caspase-mediated apoptosis might present a novel approach to NB therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0574-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Uhl
- 1Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 400 Monroe Avenue NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 USA
| | - Chad R Schultz
- 1Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 400 Monroe Avenue NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 USA
| | - Dirk Geerts
- 2Department of Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André S Bachmann
- 1Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 400 Monroe Avenue NW, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 USA
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Panahi Y, Saadat A, Seifi M, Rajaee M, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Effects of Spinal-Z in Patients with Gastroesophageal Cancer. J Pharmacopuncture 2018; 21:26-34. [PMID: 30151302 PMCID: PMC6054077 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2018.21.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of spinal-Z, derived from Peganum harmala seeds and Dracocephalum Kotschyi Boiss leaves, in patients with esophageal and stomach adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Methods Sixty-one patients with malignancies of the upper gastrointestinal tract were randomly assigned to one of two groups (treatment or control) in a double-blind fashion. Six capsules of Spinal-Z were prescribed to the patients with the regimen of 600 mg/m2/day, and placebo to the control group, for six months. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, sex, duration of cancer, type of cancer and family history of cancer. There were significant differences in abdominal pain, heartburn, constipation and vomiting between the two groups, following spinal-Z therapy. Evaluation of drug side effects showed no difference in cough or other respiratory symptoms, itching, headache or dizziness between the two groups, both before and after treatment. Conclusion This study indicates that Spinal-Z is safe and efficacious in the management of patients with upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Pharmacotherapy Department, School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Saadat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran
| | - Maghsoud Seifi
- Pharmacotherapy Department, School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rajaee
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Life Sciences Research Division, Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Cytotoxic Terpenoids from the Roots of Dracocephalum taliense. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010057. [PMID: 29280951 PMCID: PMC6017833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A chemical investigation of methanol extract from the roots of Dracocephalum taliense led to the isolation of a new aromatic abietane diterpenoid, 12-methoxy-18-hydroxy-sugiol (1), and one highly-oxygenated ursane triterpenoid, 2α,3α-dihydroxy-11α,12α-epoxy-urs-28,13β-olide (2), together with 15 known natural products (3–17). Among these, compounds 1–13 and 15–17 were detected for the first time in the genus of Dracocephalum. The structures of all of these isolates were determined by extensively spectroscopic analyses. In the anti-inflammatory assay, compounds 1 and 2 had no obvious inhibitory activity on the release of cytokine IL-2 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. However, compound 2 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against cell lines HepG2 (IC50 = 6.58 ± 0.14 μM) and NCI-H1975 (IC50 = 7.17 ± 0.26 μM).
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Xu LL, Xu JJ, Zhong KR, Shang ZP, Wang F, Wang RF, Zhang L, Zhang JY, Liu B. Analysis of Non-Volatile Chemical Constituents of Menthae Haplocalycis Herba by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2017; 22:E1756. [PMID: 29048378 PMCID: PMC6151415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Menthae Haplocalycis herba, one kind of Chinese edible herbs, has been widely utilized for the clinical use in China for thousands of years. Over the last decades, studies on chemical constituents of Menthae Haplocalycis herba have been widely performed. However, less attention has been paid to non-volatile components which are also responsible for its medical efficacy than the volatile constituents. Therefore, a rapid and sensitive method was developed for the comprehensive identification of the non-volatile constituents in Menthae Haplocalycis herba using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap). Separation was performed with Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with 0.2% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase under gradient conditions. Based on the accurate mass measurement (<5 ppm), MS/MS fragmentation patterns and different chromatographic behaviors, a total of 64 compounds were unambiguously or tentatively characterized, including 30 flavonoids, 20 phenolic acids, 12 terpenoids and two phenylpropanoids. Finally, target isolation of three compounds named Acacetin, Rosmarinic acid and Clemastanin A (first isolated from Menthae Haplocalycis herba) were performed based on the obtained results, which further confirmed the deduction of fragmentation patterns and identified the compounds profile in Menthae Haplocalycis herba. Our research firstly systematically elucidated the non-volatile components of Menthae Haplocalycis herba, which laid the foundation for further pharmacological and metabolic studies. Meanwhile, our established method was useful and efficient to screen and identify targeted constituents from traditional Chinese medicine extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Kun-Rui Zhong
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhan-Peng Shang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Ru-Feng Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Le Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Aidi Wannes W, Saidani Tounsi M, Marzouk B. A review of Tunisian medicinal plants with anticancer activity. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 15:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0052/jcim-2017-0052.xml. [PMID: 28915116 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health problem in the world. The use of the medicinal plants in cancer prevention and management is frequent in Africa, especially in Tunisia, and it is transmitted from generation to generation within cultures. Many previous studies showed that a wide range of Tunisian medicinal plants exerted cytotoxic and anticancer activity. A comprehensive review was conducted to collect information from scientific journal articles, including indigenous knowledge researches, about Tunisian medicinal plants used for the prevention and management of cancer. The aim of this review article is to provide the reader with information concerning the importance of Tunisian medicinal plants in the prevention and management of cancer and to open the door for the health professionals and scientists working in the field of pharmacology and therapeutics to produce new drug formulations to treat different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissem Aidi Wannes
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Saidani Tounsi
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Brahim Marzouk
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Mamedov NA, Pasdaran A, Mamadalieva NZM. Pharmacological studies of Syrian rue (Peganum harmala L., Zygophyllaceae). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2017. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.335539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Evaluation of Treatment Response and Side Effects of Spinal-Z in Patients with Metastatic Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjcdc.57870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gudisela MR, Srinivasu N, Mulakayala C, Bommu P, Rao MVB, Mulakayala N. Design, synthesis and anticancer activity of N-(1-(4-(dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4140-4145. [PMID: 28756024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Novel N-(1-(4-(dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl derivatives were designed, synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectra. The anticancer activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro against three human cancer cell lines including K562, Colo-205 and MDA-MB 231 by MTT assay. The screening results showed that five compounds (16b, 16d, 16i, 16p and 16q) exhibited potent cytotoxic activities with IC50 values between 20 and 40μM. Further in vitro studies revealed that inhibition of sirtuins could be the possible mechanism of action of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Srinivasu
- Department of Chemistry, VFSTR, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, India
| | - Chaitanya Mulakayala
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Satya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapuram 515001, India
| | | | | | - Naveen Mulakayala
- Clearsynth Labs Ltd, IDA Mallapur, Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India.
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Moridi Farimani M, Mirzania F, Sonboli A, Moghaddam FM. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Dracocephalum kotschyi essential oil obtained by microwave extraction and hydrodistillation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1295987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Moridi Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foroogh Mirzania
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sonboli
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Li S, Cheng X, Wang C. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of the genus Peganum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:127-162. [PMID: 28359849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The plants of the genus Peganum have a long history as a Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of cough, hypertension, diabetes, asthma, jaundice, colic, lumbago, and many other human ailments. Additionally, the plants can be used as an amulet against evil-eye, dye and so on, which have become increasingly popular in Asia, Iran, Northwest India, and North Africa. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present paper reviewed the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, analytical methods, biological activities, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and drug interaction of the genus Peganum in order to assess the ethnopharmacological use and to explore therapeutic potentials and future opportunities for research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on studies of the genus Peganum was gathered via the Internet (using Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Pudmed, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE) and libraries. Additionally, information was also obtained from some local books, PhD and MS's dissertations. RESULTS The genus Peganum has played an important role in traditional Chinese medicine. The main bioactive metabolites of the genus include alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, etc. Scientific studies on extracts and formulations revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities, antitumor, anti-hypertension, anticoagulant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiparasidal, anti-leishmaniasis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. CONCLUSIONS Based on this review, there is some evidence for extracts' pharmacological effects on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, cancer, diabetes, hypertension. Some indications from ethnomedicine have been confirmed by pharmacological effects, such as the cholinesterase, monoamine oxidase and DNA topoisomerase inhibitory activities, hypoglycemic and vasodilation effects of this genus. The available literature showed that most of the activities of the genus Peganum can be attributed to the active alkaloids. Data regarding many aspects of the genus such as mechanisms of actions, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, potential drug interactions with standard-of-care medications is still limited which call for additional studies particularly in humans. Further assessments and clinical trials should be performed before it can be integrated into medicinal practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201210, China; The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201210, China; The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201210, China; The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 199 Guoshoujing Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Sadeghi Z, Akaberi M, Sobhkhizi A, Sahebkar A, Emami SA. Evaluation the ethno‐pharmacological studies in Iran during 2004–2016: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:914-923. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadeghi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research InstituteShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Maryam Akaberi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Traditional PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Alireza Sobhkhizi
- Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Department of Production and Utilization of Medicinal PlantsHigher Educational Complex of SaravanSaravanIran
| | | | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Traditional PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Ayoob I, Hazari YM, Lone SH, Shakeel-u-Rehman, Khuroo MA, Fazili KM, Bhat KA. Phytochemical and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Peganum Harmala: Structure Activity Relationship Studies of Harmine. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Ayoob
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kashmir; Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Younis M. Hazari
- Department of Biotechnology; University of Kashmir; Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Shabir H. Lone
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR); Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Shakeel-u-Rehman
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR); Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Mohammad A. Khuroo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Kashmir; Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Khalid M. Fazili
- Department of Biotechnology; University of Kashmir; Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Khursheed A. Bhat
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR); Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir India
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Naqvi AA, Shehzad A, Al-Ghamdi MS. Role of traditional Islamic and Arabic plants in cancer therapy. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:195-204. [PMID: 28417090 PMCID: PMC5388086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This review article underlines individual Traditional Islamic and Arabic plant (TAI) and their role in treating cancer. The aim of the study is to specifically evaluate the progress of herbs, Arabic and Islamic traditional herbs in particular, applied in cancer treatment, so far. MATERIALS AND METHODS Islamic and Arabic plants were selected and identified through different literature survey using "Google scholar", "Web of science", "Scopus" and "PubMed". Each plant, from identified Arabic and Islamic plants list, was search individually for the most cited articles in the aforementioned databases using the keywords, "Anticancer", "Uses in cancer treatment", "Ethno pharmacological importance in cancer" etc. RESULTS The current review about Islamic and Arabic plants illuminates the importance of Islamic and Arabic plants and their impact in treating cancer. There is a long list of Islamic and Arabic plants used in cancer as mentioned in review with enormous amount of literature. Each plant has been investigated for its anticancer potential. The literature survey as mentioned in table shows; these plants are widely utilized in cancer as a whole, a part thereof or in the form of isolated chemical constituent. CONCLUSIONS This review strongly supports the fact; Arabic and Islamic traditional plants have emerged as a good source of complementary and alternative medicine in treating cancer. Traditional Arab-Islamic herbal-based medicines might be promising for new cancer therapeutics with low toxicity and minimal side effects. The plants used are mostly in crude form and still needs advance research for the isolation of phytochemicals and establishing its cellular and molecular role in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mastour Safer Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Ismail, Kuthati B, Thalari G, Bommarapu V, Mulakayala C, Chitta SK, Mulakayala N. Synthesis of novel spiro[pyrazolo[4,3- d ]pyrimidinones and spiro[benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3- d ]pyrimidine-2,3′-indoline]-2′,4(3H)-diones and their evaluation for anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1446-1450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sodeifian G, Sajadian SA, Saadati Ardestani N. Supercritical fluid extraction of omega-3 from Dracocephalum kotschyi seed oil: Process optimization and oil properties. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Zamani SS, Hossieni M, Etebari M, Salehian P, Ebrahimi SA. Pharmacokinetics of calycopterin and xanthmicrol, two polymethoxylated hydroxyflavones with anti-angiogenic activities from Dracocephalum kotschyi Bioss. Daru 2016; 24:22. [PMID: 27716340 PMCID: PMC5051066 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-016-0161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently flavonoids have attracted the attention of researchers in the fight against cancer. Calycopterin and xanthomicrol, are two polymethoxylated flavonoids found in the aerial parts of Dracocephalum kotschyi Bioss.. We have recently shown that these compounds possess antiangiogenic activity and may be of value as potential anticancer agents. In order to demonstrate putative in vivo antitumor effect of these compounds we needed preliminary information on both pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties of these two agents. METHOD A new online SPE HPLC method for measurement of calycopterin and xanthomicrol in rat plasma was developed. Pharmacokinetic parameters of calycopterin and xanthomicrol, after i.v. administration in rats, were determined. RESULTS The plasma half-life for both agents was around 4 h, however, the volume of distribution of calycopterin appeared to be about 8 times greater than xanthomicrol. This was probably due the greater hydrophobicity of the former which had other consequences such as much smaller maximum plasma concentration of calycopterin compared to its less methoxylated congener. Preliminary toxicological study of xanthomicrol failed to show any behavioral, histological and biochemical adverse effects after repeated administrations of high doses. Pharmacokinetics of xanthomicrol in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh-Somayeh Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hossieni
- Department of Pharmaology, School of Medicine, Tehran University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Etebari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pirooz Salehian
- Sarem Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Sarem Hospital, P.O. Box 1396956111, Shahrak-e-Ekbatan, Tehran, Iran
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Sadraei H, Asghari G, Alinejad M. Comparison of antispasmodic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. in rat uterus and ileum. Res Pharm Sci 2016; 11:284-92. [PMID: 27651808 PMCID: PMC5022376 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.189295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. is a traditional medicine with antispasmodic activities. The objective of this research was to study antispasmodic activities of hydroalcoholic extract of D. kotschyi on rat isolated uterus contractions for comparison with isolated ileum. Hydroalcoholic extract was obtained from aerial part of D. kotschyi using percolation method. A portion of rat ileum or uterus was suspended in Tyrode's solution at 37°C and gassed with O2. Effect of D. kotschyi extract was assessed on ileum or uterus contractions induced by KCl (80 mM), acetylcholine (ACh, 500 nM), electrical field stimulation (EFS) or oxytocin (0.0005 IU/mL). The extract of D. kotschyi concentration-dependently inhibited ileum responses to KCl (IC50 = 65 ± 18 μg/mL), ACh (IC50 = 102 ± 18 μg/mL) and EFS (IC50 = 117 ± 29 μg/mL). The extract of D. kotschyi also concentration-dependently inhibited uterus responses to KCl (IC50 = 453 ± 64μg/mL), ACh (IC50 = 58 ± 9 μg/mL), EFS (IC50 = 22 ± 3 μg/mL) as well as oxytocin (IC50 = 70 ± 11 μg/mL). From this experiment it was concluded that D. kotschyi extract possesses antispasmodic activities on both smooth muscle of ileum and uterus. In comparison, the extract was more effective inhibitor of ACh and EFS responses in rat uterus than on the ileum. On the other hand, the extract was a more potent inhibitor of KCl response on rat ileum. However, the extract was found to be a potent inhibitor of oxytocin-induced contraction of rat uterus. These results indicate that D. kotschyi extract may contain components that might be useful lead compounds for prevention of uterus spasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sadraei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asghari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahla Alinejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran; Department of Pharmacognosy and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Sharma S, Yadav M, Gupta SP, Pandav K, Kumar S. Spectroscopic and structural studies on the interaction of an anticancer β-carboline alkaloid, harmine with GC and AT specific DNA oligonucleotides. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:256-262. [PMID: 27590873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Harmine, a tricyclic β-carboline alkaloid possesses anticancer properties. Thus, its binding studies with DNA are considerably important because mechanism of action of anticancer drug involves DNA binding. On the other hand, the DNA binding study is also useful in drug designing and synthesis of new compounds with enhanced biological properties. Hence, the binding of harmine with sequence specific DNA oligonucleotides has been studied using various biophysical techniques i.e. absorption, fluorescence and molecular docking techniques. UV absorption study, Fluorescence quenching and Iodide quenching experiments revealed intercalation type of binding of harmine with short sequence specific DNA oligonucleotides. Fluorescence and absorption studies also concluded binding constants of harmine with GC rich DNA sequence in the order of 105 M-1 while with AT rich sequences it was in the order of 103 M-1 which clearly indicated that harmine showed greater intercalation with GC rich sequences as compared to AT rich sequences. From thermodynamic studies, it was concluded that harmine-DNA complex formation was spontaneous, exothermic and energetically favorable process. Molecular docking studies confirmed that harmine intercalates between the base pairs of DNA structure but energetically prefers intercalation between GC base pairs. Molecular docking studies and the calculated thermodynamic parameters, i.e. Gibbs free energy (ΔG), Enthalpy change (ΔH) and Entropy change (ΔS) indicated that H-bonds, van der Waals interactions and hydrophobic interactions play a major role in the binding of harmine to DNA oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Monika Yadav
- Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Surendra P Gupta
- Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Kumud Pandav
- Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Surat Kumar
- Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, 282005, India.
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Dorosti N, Jamshidi F. Plant-mediated gold nanoparticles by Dracocephalum kotschyi as anticholinesterase agent: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of anticancer and antibacterial activity. J Appl Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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García-Muñoz MJ, Foubelo F, Yus M. Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-(2-Aminoalkyl)- and 1,3-Disubstituted Tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]- Benzofuran and Indole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10214-10226. [PMID: 27332863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The addition of an allenyl indium intermediate to chiral N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines 7 proceeds with high levels of diastereocontrol. The resulting homopropargylic amine derivatives 10 were transformed into 2-(2-aminoalkyl)benzofuran and indole derivatives 13 and 19, after Sonogashira coupling with o-iodophenol or o-iodoaniline, followed by formation of the heteroaromatic ring through an intramolecular cyclization. Enantioenriched tetrahydropyrido-benzofuran and indole derivatives 16 and 21 were prepared through a Pictet-Spengler condensation of the free amines derived from compounds 15 and 20, involving the nucleophilic 3-position of the benzofuran or indole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús García-Muñoz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.,Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Foubelo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.,Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Miguel Yus
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.,Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante , Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
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