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Kumar A, Bhattacharya T, Shaikh WA, Roy A. Sustainable soil management under drought stress through biochar application: Immobilizing arsenic, ameliorating soil quality, and augmenting plant growth. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119531. [PMID: 38960358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Rise in climate change-induced drought occurrences have amplified pollution of metal(loid)s, deteriorated soil quality, and deterred growth of crops. Rice straw-derived biochars (RSB) and cow manure-enriched biochars (CEB) were used in the investigation (at doses of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%) to ameliorate the negative impacts of drought, improve soil fertility, minimize arsenic pollution, replace agro-chemical application, and maximize crop yields. Even in soils exposed to severe droughts, 3 months of RSB and CEB amendment (at 7.5% dose) revealed decreased bulk density (13.7% and 8.9%), and increased cation exchange capacity (6.0% and 6.3%), anion exchange capacity (56.3% and 28.0%), porosity (12.3% and 7.9%), water holding capacity (37.5% and 12.5%), soil respiration (17.8% and 21.8%), and nutrient contents (especially N and P). Additionally, RSB and CEB decreased mobile (30.3% and 35.7%), bio-available (54.7% and 45.3%), and leachable (55.0% and 56.5%) fractions of arsenic. Further, pot experiments with Bengal gram and coriander plants showed enhanced growth (62-188% biomass and 90-277% length) and reduced arsenic accumulation (49-54%) in above ground parts of the plants. Therefore, biochar application was found to improve physico-chemical properties of soil, minimize arsenic contamination, and augment crop growth even in drought-stressed soils. The investigation suggests utilisation of cow manure for eco-friendly fabrication of nutrient-rich CEB, which could eventually promote sustainable agriculture and circular economy. With the increasing need for sustainable agricultural practices, the use of biochar could provide a long-term solution to enhance soil quality, mitigate the effects of climate change, and ensure food security for future generations. Future research should focus on optimizing biochar application across various soil types and climatic conditions, as well as assessing its long-term effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India; Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Tanushree Bhattacharya
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
| | - Wasim Akram Shaikh
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Science and Technology, The Neotia University, Diamond Harbour Road, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
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Ahmad S, Sehrish AK, Umair M, Mirino MW, Ali S, Guo H. Effect of biochar amendment on bacterial community and their role in nutrient acquisition in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under elevated CO 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143098. [PMID: 39151577 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change is anticipated to shift the soil bacterial community structure and plant nutrient utilization. The use of biochar amendment can positively influence soil bacterial community structure, soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism and response of bacterial community structure to biochar amendment, and its role in nutrient enhancement in soil and plants under elevated CO2. Herein, the effect of biochar amendment (0, 0.5, 1.5%) on soil bacterial community structure, spinach growth, physiology, and soil and plant nutrient status were investigated under two CO2 concentrations (400 and 600 μmol mol-1). Findings showed that biochar application 1.5% (B.2.E) significantly increased the abundance of the bacterial community responsible for growth and nutrient uptake i.e. Firmicutes (42.25%) Bacteroidetes (10.46%), and Gemmatimonadetes (125.75%) as compared to respective control (CK.E) but interestingly abundance of proteobacteria decreased (9.18%) under elevated CO2. Furthermore, the soil available N, P, and K showed a significant increase in higher biochar-amended treatments under elevated CO2. Spinach plants exhibited a notable enhancement in growth and photosynthetic pigments when exposed to elevated CO2 levels and biochar, as compared to ambient CO2 conditions. However, there was variability observed in the leaf gas exchange attributes. Elevated CO2 reduced spinach roots and leaves nutrient concentration. In contrast, the biochar amendment (B2.E) enhanced root and shoot Zinc (494.99%-155.33%), magnesium (261.15%-183.37%), manganese (80.04%-152.86%), potassium (576.24%-355.17%), calcium (261.88%-165.65%), copper (325.42%-282.53%) and iron (717.63%-177.90%) concentration by influencing plant physiology and bacterial community. These findings provide insights into the interaction between plant and bacterial community under future agroecosystems in response to the addition of biochar contributing to a deeper understanding of ecological dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Adiba Khan Sehrish
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Muhammad Umair
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook A2H 5G4, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Markus W Mirino
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000 Quanzhou, China.
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Niu M, Chen X, Pan Y, Wang S, Xue L, Duan Y, Ahmad S, Zhou Y, Zhao K, Peng D. Biochar Effectively Promoted Growth of Ardisia crenata by Affecting the Soil Physicochemical Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1736. [PMID: 38999576 PMCID: PMC11243174 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is regarded as a soil improvement material possessing superior physical and chemical properties that can effectively enhance plant growth. However, there exists a paucity of research examining the efficacy of biochar in supplanting traditional materials and its subsequent impact on the growth of Ardisia crenata, which is currently domesticated as fruit ornamentals. In this study, the mechanism of biochar's effect on Ardisia crenata was analyzed by controlled experiments. For 180 days, their growth and development were meticulously assessed under different treatments through the measurement of various indices. Compared with the references, the addition of biochar led to an average increase in soil nutrient content, including a 14.1% rise in total nitrogen, a 564.1% increase in total phosphorus, and a 63.2% boost in total potassium. Furthermore, it improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil by reducing soil bulk density by 6.2%, increasing total porosity by 6.33%, and enhancing pore water by 7.35%, while decreasing aeration porosity by 1.11%. The growth and development of Ardisia crenata were better when the appending ratio of biochar was in the range of 30% to 50%, with the root parameters, such as root length, root surface area, and root volume, 48.90%, 62.00%, and 24.04% higher to reference. At the same time, the biomass accumulation of roots in the best group with adding biochar also increased significantly (55.80%). The addition of biochar resulted in a significant improvement in the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b (1.947 mg g-1) and the net photosynthetic rate (5.6003 µmol m-2 s-1). This study's findings underpinned the addition of biochar in soil improvement and plant response. Therefore, biochar can favor the cultivation and industrial application of Ardisia crenata in the future, leading to an efficient and environmentally friendly industrial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqi Niu
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiuming Chen
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shunshun Wang
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Luyu Xue
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanru Duan
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhou
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Donghui Peng
- Cross-Strait Floriculture Industry Science and Technology Innovation Hub, Fujian Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Zhao J, Qiu Y, Yi F, Li J, Wang X, Fu Q, Fu X, Yao Z, Dai Z, Qiu Y, Chen H. Biochar dose-dependent impacts on soil bacterial and fungal diversity across the globe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172509. [PMID: 38642749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Biochar, a widely used material for soil amendment, has been found to offer numerous advantages in improving soil properties and the habitats for soil microorganisms. However, there is still a lack of global perspectives on the influence of various levels of biochar addition on soil microbial diversity and primary components. Thus, in our study, we performed a global meta-analysis of studies to determine how different doses of biochar affect soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), pH, alpha- and beta-diversity, and the major phyla of both bacterial and fungal communities. Our results revealed that biochar significantly increased soil pH by 4 %, soil total C and N by 68 % and 22 %, respectively, in which the positive effects increased with biochar doses. Moreover, biochar promoted soil bacterial richness and evenness by 3-8 % at the biochar concentrations of 1-5 % (w/w), while dramatically shifting bacterial beta-diversity at the doses of >2 % (w/w). Specifically, biochar exhibited significantly positive effects on bacterial phyla of Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Proteobacteria, especially Deltaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, by 4-10 % depending on the concentrations. On the contrary, the bacterial phylum of Verrucomicrobia and fungal phylum of Basidiomycota showed significant negative responses to biochar by -8 % and -24 %, respectively. Therefore, our meta-analysis provides theoretical support for the development of optimized agricultural management practices by emphasizing biochar application dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yingbo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Fan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Qi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xianheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhongmin Dai
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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Sui F, Xue Z, Shao K, Hao Z, Ge H, Cui L, Quan G, Yan J. Iron-modified biochar inhibiting Cd uptake in rice by Cd co-deposition with Fe oxides in the rice rhizosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26099-26111. [PMID: 38492143 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32839-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Fe-enriched biochar has proven to be effective in reducing Cd uptake in rice plants by enhancing iron plaque formation. However, the effect of Fe on biochar, especially the biochar with high S content, for Cd immobilization in rice rhizosphere was not fully understood. To obtain eco-friendly Fe-loaded biochar at a low cost, garlic straw, bean straw, and rape straw were chosen as the feedstocks for Fe-enhanced biochar production by co-pyrolysis with Fe2O3. The resulting biochars and Fe-loaded biochars were GBC, BBC, BRE, GBC-Fe, BBC-Fe, and BRE-Fe, respectively. XRD and FTIR analyses showed that Fe was successfully loaded onto the biochar. The pristine and Fe-containing biochars were applied at rates of 0% (BC0) and 0.1% in pot experiments. Results suggested that BBC-Fe caused the highest reduction in Cd content of rice grain, and the reductions were 67.9% and 31.4%, compared with BC0 and BBC, respectively. Compared to BBC, BBC-Fe effectively reduced Cd uptake in rice roots by 47.5%. The exchangeable and acid-soluble fraction of Cd (F1-Cd) in soil with BBC-Fe treatment was 37.6% and 63.7% lower than that of BC0 and BBC, respectively. Compared to BC0, soil pH was increased by 0.53 units with BBC-Fe treatment. BBC-Fe significantly increased Fe oxides (free Fe oxides, amorphous Fe oxides, and complex Fe oxides) content in the soil as well. DGT study demonstrated that BBC-Fe could enhance the mobility of sulfate in the rhizosphere, which might be beneficial for Cd fixation in the rhizosphere. Moreover, BBC-Fe increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Clostridia, which might be beneficial for Cd immobilization in the rhizosphere. This work highlights the synergistic effect of loaded Fe and biochar on Cd immobilization by enhancing Cd deposited with Fe oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Sui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biomass Waste Pyrolytic Carbonization & Application, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Zhongjun Xue
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kangle Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Zikang Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Haochuan Ge
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Liqiang Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biomass Waste Pyrolytic Carbonization & Application, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Guixiang Quan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biomass Waste Pyrolytic Carbonization & Application, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Jinlong Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng, 224051, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biomass Waste Pyrolytic Carbonization & Application, Yancheng, 224051, China.
- Industrial Technology Research Institute of YCIT, Yancheng, 224051, China.
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Zhang Z, Xu M, Fan Y, Zhang L, Wang H. Using microalgae to reduce the use of conventional fertilizers in hydroponics and soil-based cultivation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169424. [PMID: 38128652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of agrochemicals has led to nutrient loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and resource depletion, thus the development of sustainable agricultural solutions is required. Microalgal biomass has the potential to provide nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, along with various plant growth promoters, to enhance crop productivity and impart disease resistance. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the potential applications of microalgal extracts and biomass in the contexts of seed germination, hydroponic systems, and soil-based crop cultivation. The results revealed that the extracts from Chlorella sp. and Anabaena sp. have no significant impact on the germination of wheat seeds. High concentrations of Chlorella sp. and Anabaena sp. cell extracts in hydroponics enhanced the length of cucumber seedling stems by 81.7 % and 58.3 %, respectively. Additionally, the use of microalgal cell extracts hindered root elongation while stimulating the growth of lateral and fibrous roots. Furthermore, the study compared the performance of 5 different fertilizers: 1) inorganic fertilizer (IF), 2) organic fertilizer (OF), 3) microalgae-based biofertilizer (MF), 4) inorganic fertilizer + microalgae-based biofertilizer (IM), 5) organic fertilizer + microalgae-based biofertilizer (OM). The findings indicate that the plant growth and soil physicochemical properties in the groups supplied with different fertilizers are comparable and significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of protein, chlorophyll A, and chlorophyll B in the MF group increased significantly by 40 %, 29.2 %, and 33.5 %, respectively, compared to the control group. However, it remained notably lower compared to groups supplied with inorganic and organic fertilizers (p < 0.05). Combining microalgae with organic fertilizer can simultaneously enhance the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage, representing a promising source of crop nutrition. In conclusion, this study suggests that it is promising to use microalgae to reduce the use of conventional fertilizers in hydroponics and soil-based cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhang
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lunyu Zhang
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Research Institute, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Wang X, Riaz M, Babar S, Eldesouki Z, Liu B, Xia H, Li Y, Wang J, Xia X, Jiang C. Alterations in the composition and metabolite profiles of the saline-alkali soil microbial community through biochar application. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120033. [PMID: 38218168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Saline-alkali soil poses significant chanllenges to sustainable development of agriculture. Although biochar is commonly used as a soil organic amendment, its microbial remediation mechanism on saline-alkali soil requires further confirmation. To address this, we conducted a pot experiment using cotton seedlings to explore the potential remediation mechanism of rice straw biochar (BC) at three different levels on saline-alkaline soil. The results showed that adding of 2% biochar greatly improved the quality of saline-alkaline soil by reducing pH levels, electrical conductivity (EC), and water-soluble ions. Moreover, biochar increased the soil organic matter (SOM), nutrient availability and extracellular enzyme activity. Interestingly, it also reduced soil salinity and salt content in various cotton plant tissues. Additionally, biochar had a notable impact on the composition of the microbial community, causing changes in soil metabolic pathways. Notably, the addition of biochar promoted the growth and metabolism of dominant salt-tolerant bacteria, such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota. By enhancing the positive correlation between microorganisms and metabolites, biochar alleviated the inhibitory effect of salt ions on microorganisms. In conclusion, the incorporation of biochar significantly improves the soil microenvironment, reduces soil salinity, and shows promise in ameliorating saline-alkaline soil conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecoagriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, PR China.
| | - Saba Babar
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Zeinab Eldesouki
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430064, PR China.
| | - Hao Xia
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyang Xia
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecoagriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, PR China.
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Manzoor, Ma L, Ni K, Ruan J. Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Tea Growth and Quality and Soil Properties of Tea Orchards' Top Rhizosphere Soil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:207. [PMID: 38256759 PMCID: PMC10820999 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Organic-based fertilizers have been ratified to be effective in ameliorating tea growth and the fertility of soil. However, the effect of integrated fertilization on tea growth and quality and the chemical properties of the soil in tea gardens are unclear. To address this, from 2020 to 2021, five different treatments were carried out in the greenhouse of the Tea Research Institute, Hangzhou, CAAS, including CK (control), NPK (chemical fertilizers), RC (rapeseed cake), NPK+B (chemical fertilizer + biochar), and NPK+RC, to investigate the effects of different fertilizations on soil chemistry and tea growth and quality. The results indicated that NPK+B and NPK+RC significantly improved the different amino acid and catechin concentrations in the young shoots, stems, and roots of the tea compared to the CK. The plant growth parameters, e.g., the plant height, no. of leaves, mid-stem girth, and fresh weights of stems and leaves, were significantly increased with integrated fertilization (NPK+B and NPK+RC) compared to the CK and solo organic and inorganic fertilizers. The chlorophyll contents (Chl a, Chl b, and Chl a+b) were generally higher with NPK+RC than with the CK (37%, 35%, and 36%), RC (14%, 26%, and 18%), and NPK (9%, 13%, and 11%) treatments. Integrated fertilization buffered the acidic soil of the tea garden and decreased the soil C:N ratio. NPK+RC also significantly increased the soil's total C (31% and 16%), N (43% and 31%), P (65% and 40%), available P (31% and 58%), K (70% and 25%), nitrate (504% and 188%), and ammonium (267% and 146%) concentrations compared to the CK and RC. The soil macro- (Mg and Ca) and micronutrients (Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu) were significantly improved by the RC (100% and 72%) (49%, 161%, 112%, and 40%) and NPK+RC (88% and 48%) (47%, 75%, 45%, and 14%) compared to the CK. The chlorophyll contents and soil macro- and micronutrients were all significantly positively correlated with tea quality (amino acids and catechin contents) and growth. These results indicated that integrated fertilization improved the soil nutrient status, which is associated with the improvement of tea growth and quality. Thus, integrated nutrient management is a feasible tool for improving tea growth, quality, and low nutrient levels in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, The Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
| | - Lifeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, The Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Kang Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, The Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jianyun Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, The Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China
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Liu H, Shi B, Liu W, Wang L, Zhu L, Wang J, Kim YM, Wang J. Effects of magnesium-modified biochar on antibiotic resistance genes and microbial communities in chicken manure composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:108553-108564. [PMID: 37752398 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Abatement of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock manure by composting has attracted attention. This study investigated the effect of adding magnesium-modified biochar (MBC) on ARGs and microbial communities in chicken manure composting. Twelve genes for tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and macrolides, and mobile genetic elements were measured in the compost pile. The results showed that after 45 days of the composting, the treatment groups of MBC had longer high temperature periods, significantly higher germination indices (GI) and lower phytotoxicity. There were four major dominant phyla (Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota) in the compost. The abundance of Firmicutes decreased significantly during the compost cooling period; tetracycline resistance genes demonstrated an extremely significant positive correlation with Firmicutes, showing a trend of the same increase and decrease with composting time; tetT, tetO, tetM, tetW, ermB, and intI2 were reduced in the MBC group; the total abundance of resistance genes in the 2% MBC addition group was 0.67 times that of the control; Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were also significantly lower than the other treatment groups. Most ARGs were significantly associated with mobile genetic elements (MGEs); MBC can reduce the spread and diffusion of ARGs by reducing the abundance of MGEs and inhibiting horizontal gene transfer (HGT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Baihui Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lanjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhua Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
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Fan Y, Lv G, Chen Y, Chang Y, Li Z. Differential effects of cow dung and its biochar on Populus euphratica soil phosphorus effectiveness, bacterial community diversity and functional genes for phosphorus conversion. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1242469. [PMID: 37780507 PMCID: PMC10538999 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1242469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Continuous monoculture leading to soil nutrient depletion may cause a decline in plantation productivity. Cow dung is typically used as a cheap renewable resource to improve soil nutrient status. In this study, our purpose was to compare the effects of different cow dung return methods (direct return and carbonization return) on soil microbial communities and phosphorus availability in the root zone (rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil) of P.euphratica seedlings in forest gardens and to explore possible chemical and microbial mechanisms. Methods Field experiments were conducted. Two-year-old P.euphratica seedlings were planted in the soil together with 7.5 t hm-2 of cow dung and biochar made from the same amount of cow dung. Results Our findings indicated that the available phosphorus content in soil subjected to biochar treatment was considerably greater than that directly treated with cow dung, leading to an increase in the phosphorus level of both aboveground and underground components of P.euphratica seedlings. The content of Olsen-P in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil increased by 134% and 110%, respectively.This was primarily a result of the direct and indirect impact of biochar on soil characteristics. Biochar increased the biodiversity of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil bacteria compared with the direct return of cow dung. The Shannon diversity index of carbonized cow manure returning to field is 1.11 times and 1.10 times of that of direct cow manure returning to field and control, and the Chao1 diversity index is 1.20 times and 1.15 times of that of direct cow manure returning to field and control.Compared to the direct addition of cow dung, the addition of biochar increased the copy number of the phosphorus functional genes phoC and pqqc in the rhizosphere soil. In the biochar treatment, the abundance of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria Sphingomonas and Lactobacillus was significantly higher than that in the other treatments, it is relative abundance was 4.83% and 2.62%, respectively, which indirectly improved soil phosphorus availability. Discussion The results indicated that different cow dung return methods may exert different effects on phosphorus availability in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils via chemical and microbial pathways. These findings indicated that, compared to the direct return of cow dung, biochar return may exert a more significant impact on the availability of phosphorus in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, as well as on the growth of P.euphratica seedlings and the microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Fan
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Jinghe, China
| | - Guanghui Lv
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Jinghe, China
| | - Yudong Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Jinghe, China
| | - Yaling Chang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Jinghe, China
| | - Zhoukang Li
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Jinghe, China
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Okebalama CB, Marschner B. Reapplication of biochar, sewage waste water, and NPK fertilizers affects soil fertility, aggregate stability, and carbon and nitrogen in dry-stable aggregates of semi-arid soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161203. [PMID: 36581285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been applied to increased soil nutrients, especially C. In RCBD, control fresh water (CFW), sewage wastewater (SWW), NPK fertilizer, rice husk biochar (RHB), and NPK + RHB treatments were arranged with four replications. Soil chemical properties, dry-stable aggregate fractions [4.75-2.00 (Lma), 1.00-2.00 (Mma), 0.25-1.00 (Sma), and < 0.25 mm (Mia)], and aggregate total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were evaluated over a 4-year period with repeated treatment additions in a vegetable-based rotation system. Soils amended with RHB, NPK and NPK + RHB showed slight acidification but no significant change in exchangeable cation content. The concentration of TC increased with NPK + RHB, NPK and RHB, while TN and available P increased with NPK and NPK + RHB treatments. The SWW increased soil pH and Na+ but decreased K+ concentration. Reapplication of SWW and NPK + RHB resulted in an increase in Lma formation by 28 % and 29 %, and MWD by 19 % and 21 %, respectively. The NPK and NPK + RHB treatments increased TC and TN in all aggregate fractions, while RHB only increased TC in macro-aggregates (4.75-0.25 mm) and TN in Sma. The increase in aggregate TC concentration was approximately 1.50-2.00 folds greater with NPK + RHB than with NPK and RHB treatments. Although the TC concentration was highest in both Mma and Sma fractions with the NPK + RHB treatment, the greater association of Lma (44 %) and Mma (31 %) with soil TC content may significantly affect the soil sustainability. The TC in Mma fraction was reflected in MWD (r = 0.53*, P = 0.05). Reapplication of RHB had limited potential for C and N sequestration in soil aggregates, but its combination with NPK produced a superior response in soil nutrients retention, soil structural stability, and TC and TN sequestration potential in micro- and macro- aggregate fractions. Therefore, NPK + RHB treatment is best suited for the sustainable management of the study and similar soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinyere Blessing Okebalama
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria; Department of Soil Science/Soil Ecology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr, 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Bernd Marschner
- Department of Soil Science/Soil Ecology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr, 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Biochar Application on the Diversity of Soil Bacteria and Fungi. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030641. [PMID: 36985214 PMCID: PMC10057247 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar is increasingly being used for soil improvement, but the effects on microbial diversity in soil are still ambiguous due to contrasting results reported in the literature. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the effect of biochar addition on soil bacterial and fungal diversity with an increase in Shannon or Chao1 index as the outcome. Different experimental setups, quantitative levels of biochar addition, various biochar source materials and preparation temperatures, and the effect of natural precipitation in field experiments were the investigated variables. From a total of 95 publications identified for analysis, 384 datasets for Shannon index and 277 datasets for Chao1 index were extracted that described the bacterial diversity in the soils, of which field experiments and locations in China dominated. The application of biochar in soil significantly increased the diversity of soil bacteria but it had no significant effect on the diversity of fungi. Of the different experimental setups, the largest increase in bacterial diversity was seen for field experiments, followed by pot experiments, but laboratory and greenhouse settings did not report a significant increase. In field experiments, natural precipitation had a strong effect, and biochar increased bacterial diversity most in humid conditions (mean annual precipitation, MAP > 800 mm), followed by semi-arid conditions (MAP 200–400 mm). Biochar prepared from herbaceous materials was more effective to increase bacterial diversity than other raw materials and the optimal pyrolysis temperature was 350–550 °C. Addition of biochar at various levels produced inconclusive data for Chao1 and Shannon indices, and its effect was less strong than that of the other assessed variables.
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Dong Z, Li H, Xiao J, Sun J, Liu R, Zhang A. Soil multifunctionality of paddy field is explained by soil pH rather than microbial diversity after 8-years of repeated applications of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158620. [PMID: 36084779 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application can increase soil carbon sequestration and enhance soil nutrient cycling. However, few studies have systematically explored the effects of the long-term application of biochar and N fertilizer on soil multifunctionality and characterized its driving factors. Based on an 8-year biochar paddy-field experiment in anthropogenic alluvial alkaline soil in northwest China, we measured eleven soil functions associated with soil carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling and four potential factors (soil bacterial and fungal richness, pH, and aggregates) governing soil functions to investigate the effects of three biochar rates (C0, no biochar; C1, 4.5 t ha-1 year-1; C2, 13.5 t ha-1 year-1) and two N fertilizer rates (N0, no N fertilizer; N1, 300 kg N ha-1 year-1) on individual soil ecosystem functions and soil multifunctionality. Our results showed that biochar and N fertilizer application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) by 20-58 % and total N content by 9.3-15 % and had a varied effect (but mainly positive) on the activity of enzymes associated with soil carbon, N, and phosphorus cycling. Different application rates of biochar and N fertilizer had no influence on soil DNA concentrations, but did change soil microbial diversity, soil aggregation, and pH. The carbon storage function (SOC content) of soils is an important predictor of multifunctionality. Long-term biochar and N fertilizer application indirectly explained soil multifunctionality by altering soil pH, whereas bacterial and fungal diversity and soil aggregates did not play significant roles in explaining soil multifunctionality. These findings suggest that the application of biochar and N fertilizer can enhance soil multifunctionality by directly improving the individual functions [soil carbon sequestration (SOC content)] and decreasing soil pH in alkaline paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Dong
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiali Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruliang Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Zhang RH, Xie Y, Zhou G, Li Z, Ye A, Huang X, Xie Y, Shi L, Cao X, Zhang J, Lin C. The effects of short-term, long-term, and reapplication of biochar on the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114316. [PMID: 36423369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a cost-effective amendment, has been reported to play pivotal roles in improving soil fertility and immobilizing soil pollutants due to its well-developed porous structure and tunable functionality. However, the properties of biochar and soils can vary inconsistently after field application. This may affect the remediation of biochar on heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soil being altered. Therefore, we selected lettuce as a model crop to determine the effects of short-term, long-term, and reapplication of biochar on soil physicochemical properties, microbial community, HM bioavailability, and plant toxicity. Our investigation revealed that the long-term application of biochar remarkably improved soil fertility, increased the relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria which was highly resistant to HMs, and reduced the abundance of phylum Acidobacteria. These changes in soil properties decreased the accumulation of Cd and Pb in lettuce tissues. The short- and long-term applications of biochar had no substantial effects on biomass, quality, and photosynthesis of lettuce. Moreover, the short-term and reapplication of biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial communities but decreased the accumulation of Cd and Pb in lettuce tissues. It showed that the changes in the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil after long-term application of biochar promoted the remediation of HM-contaminated soil. Furthermore, microbial community compositions varied with metal stress and biochar application, while the relative abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria in HM-contaminated soil with long-term biochar application was markedly higher than in HM-contaminated soil without biochar application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Hua Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China.
| | - Yanlan Xie
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Guolin Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China.
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Anhua Ye
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China
| | - Xingxue Huang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China
| | - Yanfeng Xie
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China
| | - Lingfang Shi
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiupeng Cao
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chufa Lin
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430045, China
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Wang Y, Shen X, Bian R, Liu X, Zheng J, Cheng K, Xuhui Z, Li L, Pan G. Effect of pyrolysis temperature of biochar on Cd, Pb and As bioavailability and bacterial community composition in contaminated paddy soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114237. [PMID: 36306610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To further investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature on bioavailable Cd, Pb and As, as well as the bacterial community structure in multi-metal(loid) contaminated paddy soil, six types of biochar derived from wood sawdust and peanut shell at 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C were prepared and incubated with Cd, Pb and As contaminated paddy soil for 45 days. The results showed that adding biochar decreased bioavailable Cd by 31.3%- 42.9%, Pb by 0.61-56.1%, while bioavailable As changed from 9.68 mg kg-1 to 9.55-10.84 mg kg-1. We found that pyrolysis temperature of biochar had no significant effect on Cd bioavailability while Pb bioavailability decreased obviously with pyrolysis temperature raising. Biochar reduced the proportion of soluble and exchangeable Cd from 45.0% to 11.2-15.4% in comparison with the control, while no significant effect on the speciation of Pb and As. Wood sawdust biochar (WSBs) had more potential in decreasing bioavailable Cd and Pb than peanut shell biochar (PSBs). Although high-temperature biochar resulted a larger increase in bacterial species than low-and mid- temperature biochar, feedstock played a more important role in altering soil bacterial diversity and community composition than pyrolysis temperature. PSBs increased the diversity of soil bacteria through elevating soil dissolved carbon (DOC). Biochar altered soil bacterial community structure mainly by altering the level of soil electricity conductivity, DOC and bioavailable Cd. In addition, applying high-temperature PSBs increased the genus of bacteria that relevant to nitrogen cycling, such as Nitrospira, Nitrosotaleaceae and Candidatus_Nitrosotalea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xinyue Shen
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jufeng Zheng
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhang Xuhui
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, department of Soil Science, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Center of Biomass Green Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang J, Shen JL. Effects of biochar on soil microbial diversity and community structure in clay soil. ANN MICROBIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-022-01689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
We determined the microbial community diversity and structure in soil samples under different amounts of biochar added. Meanwhile, we also researched the relationships between soil microbial and soil physicochemical properties.
Method
In this study, a field experiment was set up, with a total of three experimental treatments: no biochar application, 10 t/m3 biochar application, and 20 t/m3 application. High-throughput sequencing technologies were used for soil samples of different treatment groups to understand soil microbial diversity and community structure.
Results
We found that the soil physicochemical properties after biochar addition were better than those without biochar addition, and the alpha diversity was higher in biochar addition level of 20 t/m3 than other processing groups. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla of this study. The dominant genera were Skermanella, Nostoc, Frankia, and Unclassified-p-protecbacteria. At the gate level, Actinobacteria had significant differences among the three groups with different addition amounts. The microbial community structure was mainly influenced by soil porosity, soil moisture content, nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer other than soil phosphate fertilizer and organic matter.
Conclusions
The results suggested that changes under different amounts of biochar added generate changes in soil physicochemical properties and control the soil composition of microbial communities. This provides a new basis for soil improvement.
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17
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Liu Q, Zhong L, Hu Y, Fu L, Hu X, Gu Y, Xie Q, Liang F, Liu Q, Lu Y. Effects of modified biochars on the shifts of short-chain fatty acid profile, iron reduction, and bacterial community in paddy soil. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6823699. [PMID: 36367530 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is well known as an effective means for soil amendment, and modification on biochar with different methods could improve the benefits for environmental remediation. In this study, two modified biochars were generated with nitric acid (NBC) and hydrogen peroxide (OBC) pretreatment, and a control biochar was produced after washing with deionized water (WBC). The dynamics of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), iron concentration and bacterial community in rice paddy soil amended with different biochars or without adding biochar (CK) were studied during 70 days of anaerobic incubation. Compared to CK treatment, the accumulation of SCFAs was largely inhibited by the amendment of biochars. Besides, OBC and WBC increased the accumulation of Fe(II) at the initial stage of incubation. Via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, modified biochars caused significant response of bacterial community in comparison to WBC at Day 0-1, and three biochars favored bacterial α-diversity in the paddy soil at the end of the incubation. Interestingly, positive and negative correlations between NBC and several bacteria taxa (e.g. Geobacter, Fonticella and Clostridium) were observed. The study revealed that modified biochars had significant effects on the shifts of SCFAs, Fe(III) reduction and bacterial diversity, which provides fundamental information for future application of modified biochars in rice cropping ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Linrui Zhong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yingju Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Leiling Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Xingxin Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yujing Gu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Qingqing Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Fangyi Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
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18
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Weng ZH, Van Zwieten L, Tavakkoli E, Rose MT, Singh BP, Joseph S, Macdonald LM, Kimber S, Morris S, Rose TJ, Archanjo BS, Tang C, Franks AE, Diao H, Schweizer S, Tobin MJ, Klein AR, Vongsvivut J, Chang SLY, Kopittke PM, Cowie A. Microspectroscopic visualization of how biochar lifts the soil organic carbon ceiling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5177. [PMID: 36056025 PMCID: PMC9440262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The soil carbon (C) saturation concept suggests an upper limit to the storage of soil organic carbon (SOC). It is set by the mechanisms that protect soil organic matter from mineralization. Biochar has the capacity to protect new C, including rhizodeposits and microbial necromass. However, the decadal-scale mechanisms by which biochar influences the molecular diversity, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal changes in SOC persistence, remain unresolved. Here we show that the soil C storage ceiling of a Ferralsol under subtropical pasture was raised by a second application of Eucalyptus saligna biochar 8.2 years after the first application—the first application raised the soil C storage ceiling by 9.3 Mg new C ha−1 and the second application raised this by another 2.3 Mg new C ha−1. Linking direct visual evidence from one-, two-, and three-dimensional analyses with SOC quantification, we found high spatial heterogeneity of C functional groups that resulted in the retention of rhizodeposits and microbial necromass in microaggregates (53–250 µm) and the mineral fraction (<53 µm). Microbial C-use efficiency was concomitantly increased by lowering specific enzyme activities, contributing to the decreased mineralization of native SOC by 18%. We suggest that the SOC ceiling can be lifted using biochar in (sub)tropical grasslands globally. A decadal-scale field trial revealed 1.01 Mg of rhizodeposit and necromass C was stored in soil microaggregate and mineral fractions per Mg biochar-C applied. Microspectroscopic analyses visualize mechanisms for this elevated soil C storage ceiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Han Weng
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia.,School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.,Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.,School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lukas Van Zwieten
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia. .,Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
| | - Ehsan Tavakkoli
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agriculture Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia.,School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond SA 5064, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael T Rose
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal Singh
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lynne M Macdonald
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Waite campus, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Stephen Kimber
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia
| | - Stephen Morris
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia
| | - Terry J Rose
- Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Braulio S Archanjo
- Materials Metrology Division, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro, 25250-020, Brazil
| | - Caixian Tang
- Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Ashley E Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Hui Diao
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Steffen Schweizer
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mark J Tobin
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Annaleise R Klein
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Jitraporn Vongsvivut
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Shery L Y Chang
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre and School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peter M Kopittke
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Annette Cowie
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.,NSW Department of Primary Industries, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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19
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Zhang L, He Y, Lin D, Yao Y, Song N, Wang F. Co-application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer promotes rice performance, decreases cadmium availability, and shapes rhizosphere bacterial community in paddy soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119624. [PMID: 35718049 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil has posed a great threat to crop safety and yield as well as soil quality. Biochar blended with nitrogen fertilizer have been reported to be effective in remediating Cd-contaminated soil. However, the influence of co-application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the Cd bioavailability, rice yield and soil microbiome remains unclear. In this study, eight different treatments including control (CK), 5% biochar (B), 2.6, 3.5, 4.4 g/pot nitrogen fertilizers (N1, N2 and N3), and co-application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizers (BN1, BN2, BN3) were performed in a pot experiment with paddy soil for observations in an entire rice cycle growth period. Results showed single N increased soil available Cd content and Cd uptake in edible part of rice, while the soil available Cd content significantly decreased by 14.8% and 7.4%-11.1% under the B, BN treatments, and the Cd content in edible part of rice was significantly reduced by 35.1% and 18.5%-26.5%, respectively. Besides, B, N and BN treatments significantly increased the yield of rice by 14.3%-86.6% compared with CK, and the highest yield was gained under BN3 treatment. Soil bacterial diversity indices (Shannon, Chao1, observed species and PD whole tree index) under N2, N3 were generally improved. Cluster analysis indicated that bacterial community structures under BN treatments differed from those of CK and single N treatments. BN treatments enhanced the abundances of key bacterial phylum such as Acidobacteria, positively associated with yield, and increased the abundance of Spirochaetes, negatively correlated to soil available Cd and Cd uptake of rice. Furthermore, the regression path analysis (RPA) revealed that pH, organic matter (OM), alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen (AHN) and available Cd were the major properties influencing Cd content in edible part of rice. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that pH and available Cd played key role in shaping soil bacterial community. Thus, BN is a feasible practice for the improvements of rice growth and remediation of Cd-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fukang Road 31, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yulei He
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fukang Road 31, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Dasong Lin
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fukang Road 31, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Yanpo Yao
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fukang Road 31, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Fangli Wang
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
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20
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Song B, Almatrafi E, Sang F, Wang W, Zhang C, Shen M, Zhou C, Tang X, Zeng G, Gong J. Managing Fenton-treated sediment with biochar and sheep manure compost: Effects on the evolutionary characteristics of bacterial community. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115218. [PMID: 35580508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fenton oxidation is a widely used method for the fast and efficient treatment of contaminated sediment, but few studies have investigated the management of Fenton-treated sediment for resource utilization. In this study, the evolutionary characteristics of bacterial community composition in Fenton-treated riverine sediment were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing after the incorporation of rice straw biochar and sheep manure compost. The Fenton treatment caused a decline in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes from 39% to 8% on the 7th day, and using biochar and compost rapidly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes from 13% to 61% and 57%, respectively. Applying 1.25 wt% biochar after the Fenton treatment contributed to high Shannon diversity indices of 4.80, 4.69, and 4.76 on the 7th, 28th, and 56th day, respectively. The reduced differences of Shannon indexes on the 56th day indicated that the bacterial diversity among different treatments tended to be similar over time. The genera Flavisolibacter and Bacillus were representatively detected on the 7th day in the untreated sediment and Fenton/biochar-treated sediment, respectively. The number of feature bacteria decreased significantly from 88 on the 7th day to 29 on the 56th day. The community functions for the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles were sensitive to the Fenton-treatment and the subsequent treatment with biochar and compost. This study may provide a useful reference for follow-up work on the remediation of contaminated sediment using advanced oxidation processes, and promote the development of resource utilization of amended sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fan Sang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jilai Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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21
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Li H, Jiang Q, Li R, Zhang B, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Passivation of lead and cerium in soil facilitated by biochar-supported phosphate-doped ferrihydrite: Mechanisms and microbial community evolution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129090. [PMID: 35596987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The massive exploitation and application of heavy metals and rare earth elements (REEs) lead to their exceeding the standard in soil. Herein, a new type of biochar supported phosphorus doped ferrihydrite (P-FH@BC) has been designed and enhance passivation of Pb and Ce in soil. SEM images of P-FH@BC showed P-FH nanoparticles adhered to the natural cavity and large pore diameter on the surface of biochar, which greatly avoided the agglomeration of nanoparticles. The residual state of lead or cerium increased 161.4% or 43.9% by adding 3% P-FH@BC after 90 days of incubation in 500 mg/kg lead or cerium simulated contaminated soil. The passivation of cerium by P-FH@BC is obviously inhibited with the coexistence of lead. The results of P-FH@BC magnetically separated from the soil characterization indicate that complexation, co-precipitation and the formation of secondary minerals mainly contribute to the high efficiency passivation ability of P-FH@BC for lead and cerium. By changing the addition of P-FH@BC, the soil pH can be adjusted and the soil organic matter and P contents can be improved. Moreover, P-FH@BC is an environmentally friendly material without ecotoxicity. And bacterial richness and diversity in soil were improved after passivation of Pb and Ce by adding P-FH@BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin150030, China
| | - Qun Jiang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin150030, China
| | - Ruizhen Li
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin150030, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin150030, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin150030, China.
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22
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Chew J, Joseph S, Chen G, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Liu M, Taherymoosavi S, Munroe P, Mitchell DRG, Pan G, Li L, Bian R, Fan X. Biochar-based fertiliser enhances nutrient uptake and transport in rice seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154174. [PMID: 35231505 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-based compound fertilisers (BCF) are gaining increasing attention as they are cost-effectiveness and improve soil fertility and crop yield. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which micron-size BCF particles enhance crop growth. In the present study, Wuyunjing7 rice seedlings were exposed to micron-size particles of wheat straw-based BCF (mBCF) diffused through a 25-μm nylon mesh. The control was fertilised with urea, diammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride to ensure that both treatments received comparables level of N, P, and K. The effects of mBCF on rice seedling growth were evaluated by determining the changes in nitrogen uptake and utilisation via nitrogen content measurements, short-term 15N-NH4+ influx assays, and analyses of transcript-level nutrient transporter gene expression. The shoot biomass of rice seedling treated with mBCF at the rate of 5 mg/ g soil was 33% greater than that for the control. Root and shoot 15N accumulation rates were 44% and 14% higher, respectively, in the mBCF-treated than the control. The mBCF-treated rice seedlings had higher phosphorus, potassium, and iron content than the control. Moreover, the treatments significantly differed in terms of their nutrient transporter gene expression levels. Spectroscopy and microscopy were used to visualise nutrient distributions across transverse root sections. There were relatively higher iron oxide nanoparticle and silicon-based compound concentrations in the roots of the mBCF-treated rice seedlings than in those of the control. The foregoing difference might account for the fact that the growth of the mBCF-treated rice was superior to that of the control. We demonstrated that the mBCF treatment created a more negative electrical potential at the root epidermal cell layer (~ - 160 mV) than the root surface. This potential difference may have been the driving force for mineral nutrient absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinKiat Chew
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Stephen Joseph
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Guanhong Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuyue Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Minglong Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Paul Munroe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David R G Mitchell
- Electron Microscopy Centre, AIIM Building, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2517, Australia
| | - Genxing Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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23
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Xie Z, Shah F, Zhou C. Combining Rice Straw Biochar With Leguminous Cover Crop as Green Manure and Mineral Fertilizer Enhances Soil Microbial Biomass and Rice Yield in South China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:778738. [PMID: 35548318 PMCID: PMC9083205 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.778738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Whether combining rice-straw biochar (RSB) with leguminous cover crop (LCC) has synergistic effects in the rice production system or not, is still unknown. Two pot experiments were conducted to systematically explore the impacts of RSB on mass decomposition and nitrogen (N) release from LCC residues after incorporation into acidic paddy soil. Similarly, the effect of combining these two factors on soil nutrient status and microbial biomasses in the rice production system was also examined. Five treatments, namely, no N fertilizer (CK), 100% N fertilizer (150 kg N ha-1 as N100), 80% N fertilizer plus RSB (N80B), LCC (N80M), and a combination of RSB with LCC (N80BM), were included. The results indicated that biomass decomposition and N release pattern followed a double exponential decay model such that the addition of RSB slightly stimulated the rates of both mass decomposition and N release during the initial rapid phase of decomposition. Thereafter, it notably slowed down the rates of both these parameters during the relatively slower stage of incorporating LCC residues to paddy soil during early rice season. Compared to 100% N, applying 80% N in conjunction with RSB and/or LCC residue increased grain yield and its components (i.e., effective panicles, 1,000-grain weight, and fully filled grains) that subsequently increased N accumulation and its physiological use efficiency (PUE N ) of rice shoot. Moreover, under 20% N, applying RSB and/or LCC residue remarkably increased the soil organic matter and total N, and soil microbial populations and biomasses, while the contents of NH4 + and NO3 - were decreased in RSB-amended paddy soil (N80B and N80BM), in comparison with N100. Thus, combining RSB with LCC residue is a novel and promising management intervention for reducing mineral fertilizer use, improving soil fertility and rice production, and consequently minimizing the overall production cost in south China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Xie
- College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Innovation Center for the Integration of Industry and Education on Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural Wastes, Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-point Pollution of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Farooq Shah
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Chunhuo Zhou
- College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Innovation Center for the Integration of Industry and Education on Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural Wastes, Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-point Pollution of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
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24
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Bai SH, Omidvar N, Gallart M, Kämper W, Tahmasbian I, Farrar MB, Singh K, Zhou G, Muqadass B, Xu CY, Koech R, Li Y, Nguyen TTN, van Zwieten L. Combined effects of biochar and fertilizer applications on yield: A review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152073. [PMID: 34863750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of biochar is changing, and the combined application of biochar with fertilizer is increasingly gaining acceptance. However, the yield gains results reported in the existing literature through the co-application of fertilizer with biochar are conflicting. To resolve this, we utilized a meta-analysis of 627 paired data points extracted from 57 published articles to assess the performance of the co-application of biochar and fertilizers on crop yield compared with the corresponding controls. We also studied the impact of biochar characteristics, experimental conditions, and soil properties on crop yield. Our analysis showed that individually, biochar and inorganic fertilizer increased crop yield by 25.3% ± 3.2 (Bootstrap CI 95%) and 21.9% ± 4.4, respectively. The co-application of biochar with both inorganic and organic fertilizers increased crop yield by 179.6% ± 18.7, however, this data needs to be treated with caution due to the limited dataset. The highest yield increase was observed with amendments to very acidic soils (pH ≤5), but the benefits of biochar were not affected by the rate and the time after the application. In addition, the effects of biochar are enhanced when it is produced at 401-500 °C with a C:N ratio of 31-100. Our results suggest that the co-application of biochar with either inorganic and/or organic fertilizers in acidic soils increase crop productivity compared to amendment with either fertilizer or biochar. Our meta-analysis supports the utilization of biochar to enhance the efficiency and profitability of fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia; School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia.
| | - Negar Omidvar
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Marta Gallart
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Wiebke Kämper
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Iman Tahmasbian
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Michael B Farrar
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Kanika Singh
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bushra Muqadass
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia; School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xu
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Richard Koech
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Yujuan Li
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Thi Thu Nhan Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Lukas van Zwieten
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia
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25
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Xie Y, Zhou G, Huang X, Cao X, Ye A, Deng Y, Zhang J, Lin C, Zhang R. Study on the physicochemical properties changes of field aging biochar and its effects on the immobilization mechanism for Cd 2+ and Pb 2. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113107. [PMID: 34959014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been widely reported that biochar can be used as a cost-effective amendment to immobilize of heavy metal contaminants in soil. While less research has been conducted on effect of biochar long-term field aging on its properties and the adsorption capability. In this study, the characteristics of aged biochar were investigated by comprehensive characterization to elucidate its mechanism transformation for heavy metal immobilization. Our results showed that, compared to fresh biochar, the relative content of C of aged biochar was reduced by 34.12%, while O was increased by 8.79%. Additionally, the specific surface area, pore volume, pore size and oxygen-containing functional groups of aged biochar were significantly increased compared to the fresh biochar. Batch adsorption experiment indicated that the maximum adsorption for Cd2+ (Qm = 32.157 mg/g) and Pb2+ (Qm = 39.216 mg/g) on aged biochar surface was much larger than that of Cd2+ (Qm = 7.573 mg/g) and Pb2+ (Qm = 8.134 mg/g) on fresh biochar. The underlying adsorption mechanisms for Cd2+ and Pb2+ on fresh biochar were dominated by coprecipitation, cation exchange and cation-π interaction, whereas surface complexation and cation exchange appeared to be more vital for aged biochar, as more active adsorption sites and Oxygen-containing functional groups were formed on its surface during aging, which was well explained by BET, XPS, FTIR and Elemental Analysis. Our study found that the physicochemical properties of biochar changed significantly during field aging. Although these changes increased the adsorption of heavy metals by biochar, the reduced stability of biochar to passivated heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Xie
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Guolin Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China
| | - Xingxue Huang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China
| | - Xiupeng Cao
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Anhua Ye
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China
| | - Yaohua Deng
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei, China
| | - Chufa Lin
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China
| | - Runhua Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
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26
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Soothar MK, Hamani AKM, Sardar MF, Sootahar MK, Fu Y, Rahim R, Soothar JK, Bhatti SM, Abubakar SA, Gao Y, Sun J. Maize ( Zea mays L.) Seedlings Rhizosphere Microbial Community as Responded to Acidic Biochar Amendment Under Saline Conditions. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:789235. [PMID: 34970245 PMCID: PMC8712691 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.789235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar has extensively been used for multiple purposes in agriculture, including improving soil microbial biomass. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of acidic biochar on maize seedlings’ rhizosphere bacterial abundance under salinity. There were seven treatments and three replicates in a controlled greenhouse coded as B0S1, B1S1, and B2S1 and B0S2, B1S2, and B2S2. CK is control (free of biochar and salt); B0, B1, and B2 are 0, 15, and 30 g biochar (kg soil)–1; and S1 and S2 are 2.5 and 5 g salt pot–1 that were amended, respectively. After harvesting the maize seedlings, the soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil microbial biomass, bacterial abundance, and diversity. The results revealed that relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi increased on phylum level, whereas Actinomarinales, Alphaproteobacteria, and Streptomyces enhanced on genus level, respectively, in B2S1 and B2S2, when compared with CK and non-biochar amended soil under saline conditions. The relative abundance of Actinomarinales was positively correlated with total potassium (TK) and Gematimonadetes negatively correlated with total phosphorus (TP). Biochar addition slightly altered the Ace1, Chao1, and alpha diversity. Principal component analysis corresponded to the changes in soil bacterial community that were closely associated with biochar when compared with CK and salt-treated soils. In conclusion, acidic biochar showed an improved soil microbial community under salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Soothar
- Key Laboratory for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Pakistan
| | - Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani
- Key Laboratory for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China
| | - Muhammad Fahad Sardar
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mahendar Kumar Sootahar
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | | | - Jay Kumar Soothar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Pakistan
| | | | - Sunusi Amin Abubakar
- Key Laboratory for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jingsheng Sun
- Key Laboratory for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China
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Ndoung OCN, Figueiredo CCD, Ramos MLG. A scoping review on biochar-based fertilizers: enrichment techniques and agro-environmental application. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08473. [PMID: 34917792 PMCID: PMC8646155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a carbonized biomass that can be used as a soil amendment. However, the exclusive use of biochar may present some limitations, such as the lack of nutrients. Thus, biochar enrichment techniques have made it possible to obtain biochar-based fertilizers (BCFs), with great potential to improve soil fertility. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of information about the description, advantages, and limitations of the methods used for biochar enrichment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the production methods of enriched biochar and its performance in agriculture as a soil amendment. Studies demonstrate that the application of BCF is more effective in improving soil properties and crop yields than the exclusive application of pure biochar or other fertilizers. The post-pyrolysis method is the most used technique for enriching biochar. Future studies should focus on understanding the mechanisms of the long-term application of BCFs.
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28
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Wei Q, Gou J. Biochar enhances the retention capacity of nitrogen fertilizer and affects the diversity of nitrifying functional microbial communities in karst soil of southwest China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112819. [PMID: 34592524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is usually used as an agricultural soil amendment to improve soil nutrition availability and soil microbial environment. However, the effects of Moutai lees biochar on the migration and retention characteristics of nitrogen fertilizer and the changes of nitrifying microorganisms on yellow soil of southwest China are still not distinct. In this study, the migration distribution characteristics of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen retention capacity and microbial community structure were evaluated by a soil column leaching simulated experiment. Five application rates of biochar: 0%(BC0), 0.5%(BC0.5), 1.0%(BC1.0), 2.0%(BC2.0) and 4.0%(BC4.0) were respectively tried. The results showed that the application of Moutai lees biochar has significantly increased the total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate (NN) contents in yellow soil, but it has also significantly decreased the microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) content. When compared with the BC0 treatment, it was found that the application of biochar increased nitrogen fertilizer retention rate (NF) to 49.84%-95.23%. Moreover, high biochar application rates (2.0% and 4.0%) were also able to improve the NF ratio, while low biochar application rates (0.5% and 1.0%) still had the risk of nitrogen leaching losses. Additionally, the application of biochar changed the bacterial community structure and the relative abundance of nitrogen-related microorganisms in yellow soil. Also, it was determined that Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) played a major factor in affecting soil nitrogen, instead of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Overall, research finally concluded that Moutai lees biochar decreased nitrite oxidation effect and changed ammoxidation to affect nitrogen nutrients availability in yellow soil and the biochar application rate of 4% has increased nitrogen fertilizer retention rate and decreased the risk of nitrogen leaching losses in yellow soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, PR China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, PR China
| | - Quanquan Wei
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, PR China
| | - Jiulan Gou
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, PR China.
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29
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Wei Q, Gou J. Effects of short-term application of Moutai lees biochar on nutrients and fungal community structure in yellow soil of Guizhou. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:67404-67413. [PMID: 34254242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to realize the utilization of Moutai lees and the improvement of soil fertility of yellow soil in Guizhou, a field experiment was carried out to study the effects of short-term application of Moutai lees biochar on nutrients and fungal community structure diversity of yellow soil. The results showed that the application of Moutai lees biochar increased the pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK), while the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were reduced. The application of biochar significantly reduced the number of fungal OTU and community diversity. The application of biochar increased the relative abundances of Chytridiomycota and Mortierellomycota, while the relative abundance of Ascomycota was significantly reduced. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested that SOM, NH4+-N and NO3--N were the key factors correlated with changes in microbial community structure. Overall, the short-term application of lees biochar can not only improve the nutrient content of yellow soil, but also change the structure and diversity of soil fungal communities. More importantly, Moutai lees biochar can reduce the relative abundance of some pathogenic fungi and play the role of inhibiting the growth and reproduction of harmful plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanquan Wei
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiulan Gou
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Soil bacterial community composition and diversity response to land conversion is depth-dependent. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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31
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He X, Xie H, Gao D, Khashi U Rahman M, Zhou X, Wu F. Biochar and Intercropping With Potato-Onion Enhanced the Growth and Yield Advantages of Tomato by Regulating the Soil Properties, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Microbial Community. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:695447. [PMID: 34512573 PMCID: PMC8429823 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.695447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of biochar stimulates the activities of microorganisms that affect soil quality and plant growth. However, studies on the impacts of biochar mainly focus on a monoculture, its effects on interspecific interactions are rarely reported. Here, we investigated the impacts of biochar on tomato/potato-onion intercropped (TO) in a pot experiment. Tomato monoculture (T) and TO were treated with no, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2% biochar concentrations in a pot experiment. Microbial communities from tomato rhizosphere soil were analyzed by quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq. The results showed that compared with the tomato monoculture, 0.6%TO and 1.2%TO significantly increased tomato yield in 2018. TO and 1.2%TO significantly increased plant height and dry weight in 2018 and 2019. Biochar treatments increased soil pH, decreased NO 3 - -N and bulk density, and increased the absorption of N, P, and K by tomato. Bacterial and fungal abundances increased with an increase in biochar concentration, while Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. abundances showed an "increase-decrease-increase" trend. Biochar had a little effect on bacterial diversities but significantly lowered fungal diversities. TO, 0.6%TO, and 1.2%TO increased the potentially beneficial organisms (e.g., Pseudeurotium and Solirubrobacter) and lowered the potentially pathogenic organisms (e.g., Kribbella and Ilyonectria). Different concentrations of biochar affected the bacterial and fungal community structures. Redundancy analysis indicated that the bacterial community was strongly correlated with soil pH, NO 3 - -N, and EC, while the fungal community was closely related to soil NO 3 - -N and moisture. The network analysis showed that biochar and intercropping affected the symbiosis pattern of the microorganisms and increased the proportion of positive interactions and nitrifying microorganisms (Nitrospirae) in the microbial community. Overall, our results indicated that monoculture and intercropping with biochar improved soil physicochemical states and plant nutrient absorption, and regulated soil microbial communities, these were the main factors to promote tomato growth and increase tomato productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjia He
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Danmei Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - M Khashi U Rahman
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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32
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Lebrun M, Miard F, Bucci A, Fougère L, Nandillon R, Naclerio G, Scippa GS, Destandeau E, Morabito D, Bourgerie S. The rhizosphere of Salix viminalis plants after a phytostabilization process assisted by biochar, compost, and iron grit: chemical and (micro)-biological analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47447-47462. [PMID: 33895948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amendments, such as biochar, compost, and iron grit, used in phytostabilization studies, showed positive effects on soil physico-chemical properties, plant growth, and the microbial community. However, assisted phytostabilization studies do not always focus on the rhizosphere area where soil, plants, and microorganisms are affected by the amendments and plants and microorganisms can also interact with each other. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of amendment application on the exudation of organic acids by Salix viminalis plant roots, as well as the effects of amendments and plant development on the soil CHNS contents and the microbial community activity and diversity, assessed by measuring enzyme activities and using Biolog EcoPlatesTM tests and next-generation sequencing analyses. The results of the mesocosm experiment showed that soil C, H, and N contents were increased by amendment application, especially biochar and compost, while the one of S decreased. Enzyme activities, microbial activity, and diversity were also increased by the addition of amendments, except iron grit alone. Finally, the quantity of organic acids exuded by roots were little affected by amendments, which could in part explain the reduced effect of plant development on soil chemical and microbiological parameters. In conclusion, this study showed in particular that biochar and compost were beneficial for the soil CHN contents and the microbial community while affecting poorly Salix viminalis root exudates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhattan Lebrun
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Florie Miard
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Antonio Bucci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Laetitia Fougère
- CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, University of Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Romain Nandillon
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
- French Geological Survey (BRGM), Orléans, France
- Environmental Consulting Engineering, IDDEA, Olivet, France
- ISTO, UMR 7327, CNRS/Orleans University, Orléans, France
| | - Gino Naclerio
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Gabriella S Scippa
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Morabito
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Sylvain Bourgerie
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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33
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Effects of Loblolly Pine Biochar and Wood Vinegar on Poultry Litter Nutrients and Microbial Abundance. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082209. [PMID: 34438667 PMCID: PMC8388362 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar, wood vinegar, and poultry litter are waste streams that can be utilized as soil amendments and fertilizers. However, poultry litter releases several pollutants through nutrient leaching and carries heavy microbial loads, including potential human pathogens. Improving nutrient retention and reducing microbial load in poultry litter may help protect environmental and human health and improve its value as a soil amendment. The objectives of this study were to determine how blending varying proportions of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) biochar, wood vinegar, and poultry litter affected nutrient profiles and microbial abundance over time. Biochar inclusion rates were 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%, and wood vinegar was applied at 2% w/w. Samples were taken at Day 0, 57, and 112 to measure nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, total fungi, and total bacteria. Nutrient levels generally decreased with increasing biochar level; however, biochar inclusion rates of 10% and 20% retained nitrogen and phosphorus and exhibited improved physical properties. Overall, adding wood vinegar decreased nutrient concentrations and showed a biocidal effect for bacteria and fungi. Bacteria and fungi showed different relationships with biochar inclusion rates, with fungi preferring higher biochar inclusion rates and bacteria flourishing at lower biochar inclusion rates.
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34
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He M, Xiong X, Wang L, Hou D, Bolan NS, Ok YS, Rinklebe J, Tsang DCW. A critical review on performance indicators for evaluating soil biota and soil health of biochar-amended soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125378. [PMID: 33652215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Amendment of soil with biochar has been widely investigated for soil quality improvement in terms of biotic and abiotic functionalities. The performance of biochar-based amendment varies according to the site characteristics, biochar properties, and soil management targets. There is no existing review that summarizes a broad range of performance indicators to evaluate the health of biochar-amended soil. Based on the latest studies on soil amendment with biochar, this review critically analyzes the soil health indicators that reveal the potential impact of biochar amendment with respect to physicochemical properties, biological properties, and overall soil quality. It is found that soil pH, soil aggregate stability, and soil organic matter are the basic indicators that could influence most of the soil functions, which should be prioritized for measurement. Relevant functional indicators (e.g., erosion rate, crop productivity, and ecotoxicity) should be selected based on the soil management targets of biochar application in agricultural soils. With this review, it is expected that target-oriented performance indicators can be selected in future studies for field-relevant evaluation of soil amendment by biochar under different situations. Therefore, a more cost-effective and purpose-driven assessment protocol for biochar-amended soils can be devised by using relevant measurable attributes suggested in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinni Xiong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, Enginnering and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soils (Soil CRC), Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste, Management, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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35
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Synthesis, Characterization and Ecotoxicity Evaluation of Biochar-Derived Carbon Dots from Spruce Tree, Purple Moor-Grass and African Oil Palm. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar-derived C-Dots from Picea, Molinia caerulea and Elaeis guineensis were synthesized through a hydrothermal process, and their physicochemical and optical characteristics and environmental effects were compared. These C-Dots were characterized by techniques such as Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Z potential, and High-Resolution Transmission Electronical Microscopy (HR-TEM). The ecotoxicity tests were performed using the Microtox™ test, making this study one of the few that use this method. The C-Dots from Molinia caerulea showed the best quantum yield (QY) of 8.39% and moderate ecotoxicity, while Elaeis guineensis has the lowest QY (2.31%) but with zero toxicity. Furthermore, the C-Dots from Picea presents good optical properties but showed high toxicity and limits its use. Finally, all C-Dots showed functional groups that could be biofunctionalized with biomolecules, especially C-Dots from Molinia caerulea and Elaeis guineensis show potential for use in the development of optical biosensors.
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36
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Xu Z, Yang Z, Zhu T, Shu W, Geng L. Ecological improvement of antimony and cadmium contaminated soil by earthworm Eisenia fetida: Soil enzyme and microorganism diversity. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:129496. [PMID: 33524758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Vermiremediation on improvement of antimony (Sb) and cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil was less reported. In this study, earthworm Eisenia fetida was exposed into soil spiked with Sb and Cd and their mixture for 30 days, and then we measured multiple soil enzyme activities and bacteria communities via enzymatic reaction and high-throughput sequencing of 16 S rRNA genes. The results showed that Sb and Cd at high treatment levels inhibited the activities of urease, neutral phosphatase and protease significantly, but earthworm could promote the activities of urease and neutral phosphatase by 17.75%-121.91% and 1.46%-118.97%, respectively. However, earthworms inhibited catalase and had no effect on protease. The Geometric Mean Index suggested that earthworms led to a higher soil biochemistry function. According to a taxonomic analysis, bacterial community structure predominantly consisted of phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, etc. and class Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, etc.; furthermore, Pielou index and Shannon index (Alpha diversity in the habitat) indicated that bacteria diversity and evenness increased in the presence of earthworms. The heating map revealed that earthworms made genus Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium, etc. and species Sphingomonas jaspsi, Conexibacter, etc. dominate. Overall, earthworm is a suitable remediation species to improve the ecological function of heavy metal polluted soil. However, the specific mechanism and causal relationship of how earthworm to control enzyme activity and bacteria community remained to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaifu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Shu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisha Geng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Hannet G, Singh K, Fidelis C, Farrar MB, Muqaddas B, Bai SH. Effects of biochar, compost, and biochar-compost on soil total nitrogen and available phosphorus concentrations in a corn field in Papua New Guinea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27411-27419. [PMID: 33507513 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12477-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Replenishing soil nutrient particularly total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (P) is important to sustain soil health for food production. Organic amendments such as compost and biochar are commonly applied to improve soil nutrient retention especially N and P. In farms, biochar is usually applied once followed by applying other organic amendment applied in their full rates. Both form and rate of organic amendments can affect soil nutrient concentrations particularly in short term. This study aimed to examine the effects of compost and mixture of compost with biochar (both at full rates) on soil nutrient concentrations in short term. A randomised complete block filed experiment with eight replicates was used for this study. The effects of biochar (5 t/ha) only, compost (at the rates of 10 t/ha, 25 t/ha and 35 t/ha) and biochar mixed with compost (5 t/ha and 10 t/ha, respectively) on soil nutrient concentrations compared with control were explored in a corn field. Compost treatment at the rate of 35 t/ha had significantly higher TN, available P, calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) compared with other treatments and control. Soil potassium (K) levels remained unchanged among all treatments. Biochar only treatment had significantly higher available P and Ca concentrations compared with biochar mixed with compost treatment. Compost application at higher rate (35 t/ha) proved best practice to significantly increase TN and available P concentrations in short term. Significantly higher available P concentration in biochar only treatment compared with the biochar mixed with compost treatment could have been associated with stimulation of P immobilisation when biochar was mixed with compost. Our results indicated that the form and rate of organic amendments in short term cropping systems are important to be considered while applying to a volcanic soil to ensure N and P availability for plants are not compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Hannet
- National Agricultural Research Institute, Islands Regional Centre , Keravat, Post Office Box 204, Kokopo, East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea
| | - Kanika Singh
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Chris Fidelis
- Cocoa Board of Papua New Guinea, Head Office, P.O. Box 532, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea
| | - Michael B Farrar
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, ML 40, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Bushra Muqaddas
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, Queensland, 4670, Australia
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, ML 40, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, Queensland, 4670, Australia.
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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38
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Asadyar L, Xu CY, Wallace HM, Xu Z, Reverchon F, Bai SH. Soil-plant nitrogen isotope composition and nitrogen cycling after biochar applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6684-6690. [PMID: 33009613 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has strong potential to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency in both agricultural and horticultural systems. Biochar is usually co-applied with full rates of fertiliser. However, the extent to which N cycling can be affected after biochar application to meet plant N requirement remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore N cycling up to 2 years after biochar application. We applied pine woodchip biochar at 0, 10 and 30 t ha-1 (B0, B10, B30, respectively) in a macadamia orchard and evaluated the N isotope composition (δ15N) of soil, microbial biomass and macadamia leaves. Soil total N (TN) and inorganic N pools were also measured up to 2 years after biochar application. Biochar did not alter soil TN but soil NO3--N increased at months 12 and 24 after biochar application. Soil NO3--N concentrations were always over ideal levels of 15 μg g-1 in B30 throughout the study. Stepwise regression indicated that foliar δ15N decreases after biochar application were explained by increased NO3--N concentrations in B30. Foliar TN and photosynthesis were not affected by biochar application. The soil in the high rate biochar plots had excess NO3--N concentrations (over 30 μg g-1) from month 20 onwards. Therefore, N fertiliser applications could be adjusted to prevent excessive N inputs and increase farm profitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Asadyar
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xu
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, 4760, Australia
| | - Helen M Wallace
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Frédérique Reverchon
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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Gujre N, Soni A, Rangan L, Tsang DCW, Mitra S. Sustainable improvement of soil health utilizing biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115549. [PMID: 33246313 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conservation of soil health and crop productivity is the central theme for sustainable agriculture practices. It is unrealistic to expect that the burgeoning crop production demands will be met by a soil ecosystem that is increasingly unhealthy and constrained. Therefore, the present review is focused on soil amendment techniques, using biochar in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which is an indispensable biotic component that maintains plant-soil continuum. Globally significant progress has been made in elucidating the physical and chemical properties of biochar; along with its role in carbon sequestration. Similarly, research advances on AMF include its evolutionary background, functions, and vital roles in the soil ecosystem. The present review deliberates on the premise that biochar and AMF have the potential to become cardinal to management of agro-ecosystems. The wider perspectives of various agronomical and environmental backgrounds are discussed. The present state of knowledge, different aspects and limitations of combined biochar and AMF applications (BC + AMF), mechanisms of interaction between biochar and AMF, effects on plant growth, challenges and future opportunities of BC + AMF applications are critically reviewed. Given the severely constrained nature of soil health, the roles of BC + AMF in agriculture, bioremediation and ecology have also been examined. In spite of the potential benefits, the functionality and dynamics of BC + AMF in soil are far from being fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Gujre
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ankit Soni
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Latha Rangan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sudip Mitra
- Agro-ecotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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40
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Adams JMM, Turner LB, Toop TA, Kirby ME, Rolin C, Judd E, Inkster R, McEvoy L, Mirza WM, Theodorou MK, Gallagher J. Evaluation of pyrolysis chars derived from marine macroalgae silage as soil amendments. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY. BIOENERGY 2020; 12:706-727. [PMID: 32999688 PMCID: PMC7508059 DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis char residues from ensiled macroalgae were examined to determine their potential as growth promoters on germinating and transplanted seedlings. Macroalgae was harvested in May, July and August from beach collections, containing predominantly Laminaria digitata and Laminaria hyperborea; naturally seeded mussel lines dominated by Saccharina latissima; and lines seeded with cultivated L. digitata. Material was ensiled, pressed to pellets and underwent pyrolysis using a thermo-catalytic reforming (TCR) process, with and without additional steam. The chars generated were then assessed through proximate and ultimate analysis. Seasonal changes had the prevalent impact on char composition, though using mixed beach-harvested material gave a greater variability in elements than when using the offshore collections. Applying the char at 5% (v/v)/2% (w/w) into germination or seedling soils was universally negative for the plants, inhibiting or delaying all parameters assessed with no clear advantage in harvesting date, species or TCR processing methodology. In germinating lettuce seeds, soil containing the pyrolysis chars caused a longer germination time, poorer germination, fewer true leaves to be produced, a lower average plant health score and a lower final biomass yield. For transplanted ryegrass seedlings, there were lower plant survival rates, with surviving plants producing fewer leaves and tillers, lower biomass yields when cut and less regrowth after cutting. As water from the char-contained plant pots inhibited the lettuce char control, one further observation was that run-off water from the pyrolysis char released compounds which detrimentally affected cultivated plant growth. This study clearly shows that pyrolysed macroalgae char does not fit the standard assumption that chars can be used as soil amendments at 2% (w/w) addition levels. As the bioeconomy expands in the future, the end use of residues and wastes from bioprocessing will become a genuine global issue, requiring consideration and demonstration rather than hypothesized use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. M. Adams
- Biorefining GroupInstitute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | - Lesley B. Turner
- Biorefining GroupInstitute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | - Trisha A. Toop
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy SystemsDepartment of Agriculture and the EnvironmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportUK
| | - Marie E. Kirby
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy SystemsDepartment of Agriculture and the EnvironmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportUK
| | | | - Emma Judd
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy SystemsDepartment of Agriculture and the EnvironmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportUK
| | | | | | - Waseem M. Mirza
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy SystemsDepartment of Agriculture and the EnvironmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportUK
| | - Michael K. Theodorou
- Agricultural Centre for Sustainable Energy SystemsDepartment of Agriculture and the EnvironmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportUK
| | - Joseph Gallagher
- Biorefining GroupInstitute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
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Effect of Biochar Application and Re-Application on Soil Bulk Density, Porosity, Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity, Water Content and Soil Water Availability in a Silty Loam Haplic Luvisol. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10071005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to climate change the productive agricultural sectors have started to face various challenges, such as soil drought. Biochar is studied as a promising soil amendment. We studied the effect of a former biochar application (in 2014) and re-application (in 2018) on bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water content and selected soil water constants at the experimental site in Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) in 2019. Biochar was applied and re-applied at the rates of 0, 10 and 20 t ha−1. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied annually at application levels N0, N1 and N2. In 2019, these levels were represented by the doses of 0, 108 and 162 kg N ha−1, respectively. We found that biochar applied at 20 t ha−1 without fertilizer significantly reduced bulk density by 12% and increased porosity by 12%. During the dry period, a relative increase in soil water content was observed at all biochar treatments—the largest after re-application of biochar at a dose of 20 t ha−1 at all fertilization levels. The biochar application also significantly increased plant available water. We suppose that change in the soil structure following a biochar amendment was one of the main reasons of our observations.
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Abstract
The sustainable production of food faces formidable challenges. Foremost is the availability of arable soils, which have been ravaged by the overuse of fertilizers and detrimental soil management techniques. The maintenance of soil quality and reclamation of marginal soils are urgent priorities. The use of biochar, a carbon-rich, porous material thought to improve various soil properties, is gaining interest. Biochar (BC) is produced through the thermochemical decomposition of organic matter in a process known as pyrolysis. Importantly, the source of organic material, or ‘feedstock’, used in this process and different parameters of pyrolysis determine the chemical and physical properties of biochar. The incorporation of BC impacts soil–water relations and soil health, and it has been shown to have an overall positive impact on crop yield; however, pre-existing physical, chemical, and biological soil properties influence the outcome. The effects of long-term field application of BC and how it influences the soil microcosm also need to be understood. This literature review, including a focused meta-analysis, summarizes the key outcomes of BC studies and identifies critical research areas for future investigations. This knowledge will facilitate the predictable enhancement of crop productivity and meaningful carbon sequestration.
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43
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Chew J, Zhu L, Nielsen S, Graber E, Mitchell DRG, Horvat J, Mohammed M, Liu M, van Zwieten L, Donne S, Munroe P, Taherymoosavi S, Pace B, Rawal A, Hook J, Marjo C, Thomas DS, Pan G, Li L, Bian R, McBeath A, Bird M, Thomas T, Husson O, Solaiman Z, Joseph S, Fan X. Biochar-based fertilizer: Supercharging root membrane potential and biomass yield of rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136431. [PMID: 31958720 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-based compound fertilizers (BCF) and amendments have proven to enhance crop yields and modify soil properties (pH, nutrients, organic matter, structure etc.) and are now in commercial production in China. While there is a good understanding of the changes in soil properties following biochar addition, the interactions within the rhizosphere remain largely unstudied, with benefits to yield observed beyond the changes in soil properties alone. We investigated the rhizosphere interactions following the addition of an activated wheat straw BCF at an application rates of 0.25% (g·g-1 soil), which could potentially explain the increase of plant biomass (by 67%), herbage N (by 40%) and P (by 46%) uptake in the rice plants grown in the BCF-treated soil, compared to the rice plants grown in the soil with conventional fertilizer alone. Examination of the roots revealed that micron and submicron-sized biochar were embedded in the plaque layer. BCF increased soil Eh by 85 mV and increased the potential difference between the rhizosphere soil and the root membrane by 65 mV. This increased potential difference lowered the free energy required for root nutrient accumulation, potentially explaining greater plant nutrient content and biomass. We also demonstrate an increased abundance of plant-growth promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere. We suggest that the redox properties of the biochar cause major changes in electron status of rhizosphere soils that drive the observed agronomic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkiat Chew
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaun Nielsen
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ellen Graber
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Centre, Agricultural Research Organization, POB 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - David R G Mitchell
- Electron Microscopy Centre, AIIM Building, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2517, Australia
| | - Joseph Horvat
- ISEM and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Mohanad Mohammed
- ISEM and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Minglong Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lukas van Zwieten
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia
| | - Scott Donne
- Discipline of Chemistry, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Paul Munroe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sarasadat Taherymoosavi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ben Pace
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Aditya Rawal
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - James Hook
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chris Marjo
- Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Donald S Thomas
- Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Genxing Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Anna McBeath
- College of Science, Technology and Engineering and Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, Australia
| | - Michael Bird
- College of Science, Technology and Engineering and Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Olivier Husson
- CIRAD, UPR AIDA, F-34398 Montpellier, France; AIDA, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; Africa Rice Centre, 01 BP 2551, Bouaké 01, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Zakaria Solaiman
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Stephen Joseph
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Discipline of Chemistry, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Bottrill D, Ogbourne SM, Citerne N, Smith T, Farrar MB, Hu HW, Omidvar N, Wang J, Burton J, Kämper W, Bai SH. Short-term application of mulch, roundup and organic herbicides did not affect soil microbial biomass or bacterial and fungal diversity. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125436. [PMID: 31809934 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Application of synthetic herbicides is currently the most widely used and cost-effective methods to assist with revegetation programs. However, the effects of short-term application of herbicides such as Roundup®, acetic acid, BioWeed™ and Slasher® as compared with mulch, on soil microbial biomass and microbial diversity remain unknown. This study examined the effects of short-term herbicide application on soil microbial biomass, C:N ratio, and fungal and bacterial communities at months 2 and 8 following initiation of treatment application. No effects of treatments on soil pH, C:N and microbial biomass were found. No segregation among treatments in the community structure of bacteria and fungi was observed. However, the fungal phylum Basiodiomycota had one unidentified class, which was only found in the mulch treatment, suggesting the C quality in the mulch treatment may differ compared with the other treatments. The dry and hot conditions experienced throughout the study period may have resulted in fast degradation of the herbicides and may have minimised the impacts of the herbicides on microbial diversity and community structure. Given that the research was undertaken at a single site and over only a short time frame, the results should be extrapolated with caution. Herbicides may have greater impact with long-term use. Future research will need to assess the revegetation success of each treatment and determine if the observed change in Basidiomycota profile and C quality identified in this study becomes significant over the long-term. We hypothesise that mulching may be a preferred treatment to facilitate weed control in riparian zone revegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donnaleigh Bottrill
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Steven M Ogbourne
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Nadine Citerne
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Tanzi Smith
- Mary River Catchment Coordinating Committee, PO Box 1027, Gympie, QLD, 4570, Australia
| | - Michael B Farrar
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Negar Omidvar
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Juntao Wang
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Joanne Burton
- Landscape Sciences, Department of Environment and Science, PO Box 5078, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Wiebke Kämper
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, QLD, 4558, Australia; School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, 4760, Australia.
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45
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Mandal S, Donner E, Smith E, Sarkar B, Lombi E. Biochar with near-neutral pH reduces ammonia volatilization and improves plant growth in a soil-plant system: A closed chamber experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134114. [PMID: 31487592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is considered as one of the major mechanisms responsible for the loss of nitrogen (N) from soil-plant systems worldwide. This study investigated the effect of biochar amendment to a calcareous soil (pH 7.8) on NH3 volatilization and plant N uptake. In particular, the effect of biochar's feedstock and application rate on both NH3 volatilization and plant growth were quantified using a specially designed closed chamber system. Two well-characterized biochars prepared from poultry manure (PM-BC) and green waste compost (GW-BC) were applied to the soil (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% w/w equivalent to 0, 7.5, 15, 22 and 30 t ha-1) and wheat (Triticum aestivum, variety: Calingiri) was grown for 30 days. Both PM-BC and GW-BC decreased NH3 volatilization to a similar degree (by 47 and 38%, respectively), in the soil-plant system compared to the unamended control. Higher plant biomass production of up to 70% was obtained in the closed chamber systems with the addition of biochar. The increase in plant biomass was due to the reduction in N loss as NH3 gas, thereby increasing the N supply to the plants. Plant N uptake was improved by as much as 58% with biochar addition when additional NPK nutrients were supplied to the soil. This study demonstrates that the application of biochars can mitigate NH3 emission from calcareous agricultural cropping soil and that the retained N is plant-available and can improve wheat biomass yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Mandal
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
| | - Erica Donner
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Euan Smith
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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Wu Z, Song Y, Shen H, Jiang X, Li B, Xiong Z. Biochar can mitigate methane emissions by improving methanotrophs for prolonged period in fertilized paddy soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:1038-1046. [PMID: 31434181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application to fertilized paddy soils has been recommended as an effective countermeasure to mitigate methane (CH4) emissions, but its mechanism and effective duration has not yet been adequately elucidated. A laboratory incubation experiment was performed to gain insight into the combined effects of fresh and six-year aged biochar on potential methane oxidation (PMO) in paddy soils with ammonium or nitrate-amendment. Results showed that both ammonium and nitrate were essential for CH4 oxidation though high ammonium (4 mM) inhibited PMO as compared to low ammonium (1 mM and 2 mM), and that nitrate was better in promoting PMO than ammonium. Moreover, ammonium-amendment promoted type I pmoA, and nitrate-amendment enhanced type II pmoA abundance. Both fresh and aged biochar increased PMO as well as nitrification by enhancing the total, type I and type II methanotrophs as compared to the control. Increased soil PMO with mineral N input in both six-year aged biochar and fresh biochar amendment, indicating that biochar mitigated CH4 by promoting PMO for prolonged period in fertilized paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanfeng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haojie Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xueyang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhengqin Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Moradi S, Rasouli-Sadaghiani MH, Sepehr E, Khodaverdiloo H, Barin M. Soil nutrients status affected by simple and enriched biochar application under salinity conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:257. [PMID: 30929074 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the effect of biochar application as simple and enriched, on the soil nutrients status in the salinity conditions, a research was conducted as a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The biochar (grape pruning residues) was applied in three levels (0, 2% biochar, and 2% enriched biochar by rock phosphate and cow manure). Also, the salinity treatment was considered in three levels (2, 4.5, and 9 dSm-1). After treating the soil, it was incubated in polyethylene containers for a 70-day period at 25 °C and 70% field capacity moisture regime. The results showed that salinity significantly affected the soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), calcium, magnesium, sodium, basal respiration, and nitrifying bacteria frequency (P < 0.001) and chloride concentration (P < 0.01). Also, the biochar significantly affected the pH, organic carbon, concentration of total nitrogen, phosphorous, solution potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, copper, basal respiration, and nitrifying bacteria frequency (P < 0.001) of the soil. The interaction effect of biochar and salinity levels was significant on soil sodium concentration (P < 0.01) and pH (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control treatment, the enriched biochar, decreased soil pH (about 1.4%) and increased the phosphorous, iron, and zinc up to 36%, 29%, and 36%, respectively and simple biochar increased the Nitrogen and Potassium up to 46% and 48%, respectively. In general, it was concluded that both types of the biochars lowered the sodium concentration of the soil in different salinity levels due to high potential of biochar for sodium absorption which this ability may be considered in saline soils remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salahedin Moradi
- Soil Science, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran.
- Agriculture Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
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Chang R, Yao Y, Cao W, Wang J, Wang X, Chen Q. Effects of composting and carbon based materials on carbon and nitrogen loss in the arable land utilization of cow manure and corn stalks. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 233:283-290. [PMID: 30583102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Recycling organic wastes to arable land as fertilizers has been recognized as a sustainable utilization to reduce environmental pollution. Techniques used for the treatment of organic wastes determine their nutrient contents and thus fertilizer efficiency for agricultural applications. The current study investigated the influences of composting and carbon based materials (biochar and woody peat), on carbon and nitrogen loss in the process of agricultural wastes utilization in the soil batch experiments. The results indicated composting process significantly strengthened the organic matter mineralization, increased the carbon loss rates from 33.46-38.96% to 60.54-86.15% and the nitrogen loss rates from 5.01-22.22% to 48.64-58.16%, dominant lost as carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) emissions. Addition of carbon based materials could effectively reduce the carbon and nitrogen loss during both composting and soil incubation process. When the composted organic wastes were used in the soil batch experiments, woody peat was more effective to reduce nitrogen loss, while biochar was more effective to control carbon loss. When organic wastes were directly fertilized to soil, biochar could effectively reduce nitrogen loss. These results suggested that fertilizing raw agricultural wastes to with carbon based materials could reduce carbon and nitrogen losses, and increased the nutrient bioavailability in soil in comparison with their farmland application after composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenchao Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, Linyi, Shandong 276700, China.
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Yao L, Yu X, Huang L, Zhang X, Wang D, Zhao X, Li Y, He Z, Kang L, Li X, Liu D, Xiao Q, Guo Y. Responses of Phaseolus calcaltus to lime and biochar application in an acid soil. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6346. [PMID: 30775171 PMCID: PMC6376937 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rice bean (Phaseolus calcaltus), as an annual summer legume, is always subjected to acid soils in tropical to subtropical regions, limiting its growth and nodulation. However, little is known about its responses to lime and biochar addition, the two in improving soil fertility in acid soils. Materials and Methods In the current study, a pot experiment was conducted using rice bean on a sandy yellow soil (Orthic Acrisol) with a pH of 5.5. The experiment included three lime rates (0, 0.75 and 1.5 g kg−1) and three biochar rates (0, 5 and 10 g kg−1). The biochar was produced from aboveground parts of Solanum tuberosum using a home-made device with temperature of pyrolysis about 500 °C. Results and Discussion The results indicated that both lime and biochar could reduce soil exchange Al concentration, increase soil pH and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen, and enhance urease and dehydrogenase activities, benefiting P. calcaltus growth and nodulation in acid soils. Lime application did decrease the concentrations of soil available phosphorus (AP) and alkali dispelled nitrogen (AN), whereas biochar application increased the concentrations of soil AP, AN and available potassium (AK). However, sole biochar application could not achieve as much yield increase as lime application did. High lime rate (1.5 g lime kg−1) incorporated with low biochar rate (5 g biochar kg−1) could obtain higher shoot biomass, nutrient uptake, and nodule number when compared with high lime rate and high biochar rate. Conclusion Lime incorporated with biochar application could achieve optimum improvement for P. calcaltus growing in acid soils when compared with sole lime or biochar addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhua Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Yu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengke Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhibin He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Kang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianlin Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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