1
|
Valsecchi C, Croce S, Lenta E, Acquafredda G, Comoli P, Avanzini MA. TITLE: New therapeutic approaches in pediatric diseases: Mesenchymal stromal cell and mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles as new drugs. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106796. [PMID: 37207738 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) clinical applications have been widely reported and their therapeutic potential has been documented in several diseases. MSCs can be isolated from several human tissues and easily expanded in vitro, they are able to differentiate in a variety of cell lineages, and they are known to interact with most immunological cells, showing immunosuppressive and tissue repair properties. Their therapeutic efficacy is closely associated with the release of bioactive molecules, namely Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), effective as their parental cells. EVs isolated from MSCs act by fusing with target cell membrane and releasing their content, showing a great potential for the treatment of injured tissues and organs, and for the modulation of the host immune system. EV-based therapies provide, as major advantages, the possibility to cross the epithelium and blood barrier and their activity is not influenced by the surrounding environment. In the present review, we deal with pre-clinical reports and clinical trials to provide data in support of MSC and EV clinical efficacy with particular focus on neonatal and pediatric diseases. Considering pre-clinical and clinical data so far available, it is likely that cell-based and cell-free therapies could become an important therapeutic approach for the treatment of several pediatric diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Valsecchi
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit and Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Stefania Croce
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Elisa Lenta
- Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gloria Acquafredda
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit and Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Comoli
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit and Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit and Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saadh MJ, Mikhailova MV, Rasoolzadegan S, Falaki M, Akhavanfar R, Gonzáles JLA, Rigi A, Kiasari BA. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)-based cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) therapy. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:47. [PMID: 36707899 PMCID: PMC9881387 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) therapy has become an emerging therapeutic modality for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), given their immunoregulatory and pro-survival attributes. MSCs alleviate dysregulated inflammatory responses through the secretion of a myriad of anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin 10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), etc. Indeed, MSC treatment of IBD is largely carried out through local microcirculation construction, colonization and repair, and immunomodulation, thus alleviating diseases severity. The clinical therapeutic efficacy relies on to the marked secretion of various secretory molecules from viable MSCs via paracrine mechanisms that are required for gut immuno-microbiota regulation and the proliferation and differentiation of surrounding cells like intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs). For example, MSCs can induce IECs proliferation and upregulate the expression of tight junction (TJs)-associated protein, ensuring intestinal barrier integrity. Concerning the encouraging results derived from animal studies, various clinical trials are conducted or ongoing to address the safety and efficacy of MSCs administration in IBD patients. Although the safety and short-term efficacy of MSCs administration have been evinced, the long-term efficacy of MSCs transplantation has not yet been verified. Herein, we have emphasized the illumination of the therapeutic capacity of MSCs therapy, including naïve MSCs, preconditioned MSCs, and also MSCs-derived exosomes, to alleviate IBD severity in experimental models. Also, a brief overview of published clinical trials in IBD patients has been delivered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J. Saadh
- grid.449114.d0000 0004 0457 5303Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831 Jordan
| | - Maria V. Mikhailova
- grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Soheil Rasoolzadegan
- grid.411600.2Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Falaki
- grid.411600.2Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Akhavanfar
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XSchool of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Amir Rigi
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nursing, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zahedan Branch, Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- grid.46072.370000 0004 0612 7950Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cord Blood Plasma and Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Increase Ex Vivo Expansion of Human Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells While Maintaining Their Stemness. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020250. [PMID: 36672185 PMCID: PMC9857343 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used for ex vivo expansion of umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to maintain their primitive characters and long-term reconstitution abilities during transplantation. Therapeutic effects of MSCs mainly rely on paracrine mechanisms, including secretion of exosomes (Exos). The objective of this study was to examine the effect of cord blood plasma (CBP)-derived Exos (CBP Exos) and Placental MSCs-derived Exos (MSCs Exos) on the expansion of UCB HSCs to increase their numbers and keep their primitive characteristics. METHODS CD34+ cells were isolated from UCB, cultured for 10 days, and the expanded HSCs were sub-cultured in semisolid methylcellulose media for primitive colony forming units (CFUs) assay. MSCs were cultured from placental chorionic plates. RESULTS CBP Exos and MSCs Exos compared with the control group significantly increased the number of total nucleated cells (TNCs), invitro expansion of CD34+ cells, primitive subpopulations of CD34+38+ and CD34+38-Lin- cells (p < 0.001). The expanded cells showed a significantly higher number of total CFUs in the Exos groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION CBP- and placental-derived exosomes are associated with significant ex vivo expansion of UCB HSCs, while maintaining their primitive characters and may eliminate the need for transplantation of an additional unit of UCB.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hosfield BD, Shelley WC, Mesfin FM, Brokaw JP, Manohar K, Liu J, Li H, Pecoraro AR, Singh K, Markel TA. Age disparities in intestinal stem cell quantities: a possible explanation for preterm infant susceptibility to necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2022; 38:1971-1979. [PMID: 36208323 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-022-05257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preterm infants are more susceptible to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) than term Queryinfants. This may be due to a relative paucity of Lgr5+ or Bmi1+-expressing intestinal stem cells (ISCs) which are responsible for promoting intestinal recovery after injury. We hypothesized that the cellular markers of Lgr5+ and Bmi1+, which represent the two distinct ISC populations, would be lower in younger mice compared to older mice. In addition, we hypothesized that experimental NEC would result in a greater loss of Lgr5+ expression compared to Bmi1+ expression. METHODS Transgenic mice with EGFP-labeled Lgr5 underwent euthanasia at 10 different time points from E15 to P56 (n = 8-11/group). Lgr5+-expressing ISCs were quantified by GFP ELISA and Bmi1+ was assessed by qPCR. In addition, Lgr5EGFP mice underwent experimental NEC via formula feeding and hypoxic and hypothermic stress. Additional portions of the intestine underwent immunostaining with anti-GFP or anti-Bmi1+ antibodies to confirm ELISA and PCR results. For statistical analysis, p < 0.05 was significant. RESULTS Lgr5+ and Bmi1+expression was lowest in embryonal and early postnatal mice and increased with age in all segments of the intestine. Experimental NEC was associated with loss of Lgr5+-expressing ISCs but no significant change in Bmi1+ expression. CONCLUSION Lgr5+ and Bmi1+ expression increase with age. Lgr5+-expressing ISCs are lower following experimental necrotizing enterocolitis while Bmi1+ expression remains relatively unchanged. Developing a targeted medical therapy to protect the low population of ISCs in preterm infants may promote tissue recovery and regeneration after injury from NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Hosfield
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fikir M Mesfin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John P Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hongge Li
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anthony R Pecoraro
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, 705 Riley Hospital Dr., RI 2500, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Di SJ, Wu SY, Liu TJ, Shi YY. Stem cell therapy as a promising strategy in necrotizing enterocolitis. Mol Med 2022; 28:107. [PMID: 36068527 PMCID: PMC9450300 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease that affects newborns, particularly preterm infants, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. No effective therapeutic strategies to decrease the incidence and severity of NEC have been developed to date. Stem cell therapy has been explored and even applied in various diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders. Animal studies on stem cell therapy have made great progress, and the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and intestinal barrier enhancing effects of stem cells may be protective against NEC clinically. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic mechanisms through which stem cells may function in the treatment of NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Di
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Si-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Tian-Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yong-Yan Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Managlia E, Yan X, De Plaen IG. Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function and Necrotizing Enterocolitis. NEWBORN 2022; 1:32-43. [PMID: 35846894 PMCID: PMC9286028 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. NEC is characterized by intestinal tissue inflammation and necrosis. The intestinal barrier is altered in NEC, which potentially contributes to its pathogenesis by promoting intestinal bacterial translocation and stimulating the inflammatory response. In premature infants, many components of the intestinal barrier are immature. This article reviews the different components of the intestinal barrier and how their immaturity contributes to intestinal barrier dysfunction and NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Managlia
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States; Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Xiaocai Yan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States; Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Isabelle G De Plaen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States; Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
O’Connell JS, Li B, Zito A, Ahmed A, Cadete M, Ganji N, Lau E, Alganabi M, Farhat N, Lee C, Eaton S, Mitchell R, Ray S, De Coppi P, Patel K, Pierro A. Treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis by conditioned medium derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260522. [PMID: 34855833 PMCID: PMC8638898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most distressing gastrointestinal emergencies affecting neonates. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) improve intestinal injury and survival in experimental NEC but are difficult to administer. In this study, we evaluated whether conditioned medium (CM) derived from human AFSC have protective effects. Methods Three groups of C57BL/6 mice were studied: (i) breast-fed mice as control; (ii) experimental NEC mice receiving PBS; and (iii) experimental NEC mice receiving CM. NEC was induced between post-natal days P5 through P9 via: (A) gavage feeding of hyperosmolar formula four-time a day; (B) 10 minutes hypoxia prior to feeds; and (C) lipopolysaccharide administration on P6 and P7. Intra-peritoneal injections of either PBS or CM were given on P6 and P7. All mice were sacrificed on P9 and terminal ileum were harvested for analyses. Results CM treatment increased survival and reduced intestinal damage, decreased mucosal inflammation (IL-6; TNF-α), neutrophil infiltration (MPO), and apoptosis (CC3), and also restored angiogenesis (VEGF) in the ileum. Additionally, CM treated mice had increased levels of epithelial proliferation (Ki67) and stem cell activity (Olfm4; Lgr5) compared to NEC+PBS mice, showing restored intestinal regeneration and recovery during NEC induction. CM proteomic analysis of CM content identified peptides that regulated immune and stem cell activity. Conclusions CM derived from human AFSC administered in experimental NEC exhibited various benefits including reduced intestinal injury and inflammation, increased enterocyte proliferation, and restored intestinal stem cell activity. This study provides the scientific basis for the use of CM derived from AFSC in neonates with NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. O’Connell
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Zito
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdalla Ahmed
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marissa Cadete
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niloofar Ganji
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ethan Lau
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mashriq Alganabi
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nassim Farhat
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol Lee
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Eaton
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, NIHR BRC Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Mitchell
- Micregen Ltd, Thames Valley Science Park, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Ray
- Micregen Ltd, Thames Valley Science Park, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, NIHR BRC Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Patel
- Micregen Ltd, Thames Valley Science Park, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Song J, He Q, Guo X, Wang L, Wang J, Cui C, Hu H, Yang M, Cui Y, Zang N, Yan F, Liu F, Sun Y, Liang K, Qin J, Zhao R, Wang C, Sun Z, Hou X, Li W, Chen L. Mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium alleviates high fat-induced hyperglucagonemia via miR-181a-5p and its target PTEN/AKT signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 537:111445. [PMID: 34464683 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-cell dysregulation gives rise to fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Administration of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or their conditioned medium can improve islet function and enhance insulin secretion. However, studies showing the direct effect of MSCs on islet α-cell dysfunction are limited. METHODS In this study, we used high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice and α-cell line exposure to palmitate (PA) to determine the effects of bone marrow-derived MSC-conditioned medium (bmMSC-CM) on glucagon secretion. Plasma and supernatant glucagon were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). To investigate the potential signaling pathways, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), AKT and phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT) were assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS In vivo, bmMSC-CM infusion improved the glucose and insulin tolerance and protected against HFD-induced hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia. Meanwhile, bmMSC-CM infusion ameliorated HFD-induced islet hypertrophy and decreased α- and β-cell area. Consistently, in vitro, glucagon secretion from α-cells or primary islets was inhibited by bmMSC-CM, accompanied by reduction of intracellular PTEN expression and restoration of AKT signaling. Previous studies and the TargetScan database indicate that miR-181a and its target PTEN play vital roles in ameliorating α-cell dysfunction. We observed that miR-181a-5p was highly expressed in BM-MSCs but prominently lower in αTC1-6 cells. Overexpression or downregulation of miR-181a-5p respectively alleviated or aggravated glucagon secretion in αTC1-6 cells via the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our observations suggest that MSC-derived miR-181a-5p mitigates glucagon secretion of α-cells by regulating PTEN/AKT signaling, which provides novel evidence demonstrating the potential for MSCs in treating T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinghong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jinbang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yixin Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ruxing Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zeng R, Wang J, Zhuo Z, Luo Y, Sha W, Chen H. Stem cells and exosomes: promising candidates for necrotizing enterocolitis therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:323. [PMID: 34090496 PMCID: PMC8180168 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease predominately affecting neonates. Despite therapeutic advances, NEC remains the leading cause of mortality due to gastrointestinal conditions in neonates. Stem cells have been exploited in various diseases, and the application of different types of stem cells in the NEC therapy is explored in the past decade. However, stem cell transplantation possesses several deficiencies, and exosomes are considered potent alternatives. Exosomes, especially those derived from stem cells and breast milk, demonstrate beneficial effects for NEC both in vivo and in vitro and emerge as promising options for clinical practice. In this review, the function and therapeutic effects of stem cells and exosomes for NEC are investigated and summarized, which provide insights for the development and application of novel therapeutic strategies in pediatric diseases. Further elucidation of mechanisms, improvement in preparation, bioengineering, and administration, as well as rigorous clinical trials are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zewei Zhuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yujun Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weihong Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Akduman H, Dilli D, Ergün E, Çakmakçı E, Çelebi SK, Çitli R, Zenciroğlu A. Successful Mesenchymal Stem Cell Application in Supraventricular Tachycardia-Related Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Case Report. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2021; 40:250-255. [PMID: 31755792 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2019.1693672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most important life- threatening diseases in neonates. Recurrent episodes of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) can lead to gut ischemia, with subsequent reperfusion injury resulting in NEC. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi-potential cells which can differentiate into multiple cell types. Case report: A 22-day old male baby delivered to 34 yr old mother at 37-weeks' gestation via cesarean section, birth weight 3550 g, developed NEC 14 hours after being treated with cardioversion for SVT. At laparotomy, there was pan-NEC, and 60 cm of necrotic and perforated bowel was resected. 1 × 107 umbilical cord origin allogeneic MSCs were given intravenously, with subsequent improvement of the remaining bowel. Conclusion: MSC may be a promising treatment for adjacent ischemic bowel in NEC helping prevent short bowel syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Akduman
- Department of Neonatology, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Dilli
- Department of Neonatology, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ergun Ergün
- Department Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emin Çakmakçı
- Department of Radyology, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serpil Kaya Çelebi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Çitli
- Department of Neonatology, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Zenciroğlu
- Department of Neonatology, Dr Sami Ulus Gynecology Obstetrics and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Weis VG, Deal AC, Mekkey G, Clouse C, Gaffley M, Whitaker E, Peeler CB, Weis JA, Schwartz MZ, Atala A. Human placental-derived stem cell therapy ameliorates experimental necrotizing enterocolitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G658-G674. [PMID: 33566727 PMCID: PMC8238163 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00369.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a life-threatening intestinal disease, is becoming a larger proportionate cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. To date, therapeutic options remain elusive. Based on recent cell therapy studies, we investigated the effect of a human placental-derived stem cell (hPSC) therapy on intestinal damage in an experimental NEC rat pup model. NEC was induced in newborn Sprague-Dawley rat pups for 4 days via formula feeding, hypoxia, and LPS. NEC pups received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of either saline or hPSC (NEC-hPSC) at 32 and 56 h into NEC induction. At 4 days, intestinal macroscopic and histological damage, epithelial cell composition, and inflammatory marker expression of the ileum were assessed. Breastfed (BF) littermates were used as controls. NEC pups developed significant bowel dilation and fragility in the ileum. Further, NEC induced loss of normal villi-crypt morphology, disruption of epithelial proliferation and apoptosis, and loss of critical progenitor/stem cell and Paneth cell populations in the crypt. hPSC treatment improved macroscopic intestinal health with reduced ileal dilation and fragility. Histologically, hPSC administration had a significant reparative effect on the villi-crypt morphology and epithelium. In addition to a trend of decreased inflammatory marker expression, hPSC-NEC pups had increased epithelial proliferation and decreased apoptosis when compared with NEC littermates. Further, the intestinal stem cell and crypt niche that include Paneth cells, SOX9+ cells, and LGR5+ stem cells were restored with hPSC therapy. Together, these data demonstrate hPSC can promote epithelial healing of NEC intestinal damage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY These studies demonstrate a human placental-derived stem cell (hPSC) therapeutic strategy for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In an experimental model of NEC, hPSC administration improved macroscopic intestinal health, ameliorated epithelial morphology, and supported the intestinal stem cell niche. Our data suggest that hPSC are a potential therapeutic approach to attenuate established intestinal NEC damage. Further, we show hPSC are a novel research tool that can be utilized to elucidate critical neonatal repair mechanisms to overcome NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria G Weis
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anna C Deal
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Gehad Mekkey
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Cara Clouse
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Michaela Gaffley
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- General Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Emily Whitaker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cole B Peeler
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Jared A Weis
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Virginia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Marshall Z Schwartz
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Administration of extracellular vesicles derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells: a new treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2021; 37:301-309. [PMID: 33566163 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-020-04826-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) improve NEC injury but human translation remains difficult. We aimed to evaluate the use of extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from human AFSC. METHODS Human AFSC (hAFSC) were cultured according to the protocol (Celprogen Inc., California, U.S.A.). Conditioned medium was obtained, ultra-centrifuged, and EV were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). C57BL/6 pups were grouped into: (1) breast-fed (Control, n = 11); (2) NEC + placebo (NEC + PBS; n = 10); and (3) NEC + treatment (NEC + EV; n = 11). NEC was induced post-natal days P5-9 by (A) gavage feeding hyperosmolar formula; (B) hypoxia for 10 min; and (C) lipopolysaccharide. Intra-peritoneal injections of PBS or hAFSC-EV were given on P6-7. All animals were sacrificed on P9 and terminal ileum harvested. RESULTS hAFSC-EV administration reduced intestinal injury (p = 0.0048), NEC incidence (score ≥ 2), and intestinal inflammation (IL-6 p < 0.0001; TNF-α p < 0.0001). Intestinal stem cell expression (Lgr5 +) and cellular proliferation (Ki67) were enhanced above control levels following hAFSC-EV administration (Lgr5 p = 0.0003; Ki67 p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION hAFSC-EV administration reduced intestinal NEC injury and inflammation while increasing stem cell expression and cellular proliferation. hAFSC-EV administration may induce similar beneficial effects to exogenous stem cells.
Collapse
|
13
|
Markel TA, Drucker NA, Jensen AR, Olson KR. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Hydrogen Sulfide Production Critically Impacts the Release of Other Paracrine Mediators After Injury. J Surg Res 2020; 254:75-82. [PMID: 32417499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treatment during ischemia is novel. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important paracrine mediator that is released from MSCs to facilitate angiogenesis and vasodilation. Three enzymes, cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate-sulfurtransferase (MPST), are mainly responsible for H2S production. However, it is unclear how these enzymes impact the production of other critical growth factors and chemokines. We hypothesized that the enzymes responsible for H2S production in human MSCs would also critically regulate other growth factors and chemokines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human MSCs were transfected with CBS, MPST, CSE, or negative control small interfering RNA. Knockdown of enzymes was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Cells were plated in 12-well plates at 100,000 cells per well and stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 50 ng/mL), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 200 ng/mL), or 5% hypoxia for 24 h. Supernatants were collected, and cytokines measured by multiplex beaded assay. Data were compared with the Mann-Whitney U-test, and P < 0.05 was significant. RESULTS TNF-α, LPS, and hypoxia effectively stimulated MSCs. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, granulocyte/monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), vascular endothelial growth factor, and interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 were all significantly elevated when CSE was knocked down during TNF-α stimulation (P < 0.05). Knockdown of MPST during LPS stimulation more readily increased GCSF and epidermal growth factor but decreased GMCSF (P < 0.05). CBS knockdown decreased production of GCSF, fibroblast growth factor, GMCSF, and vascular endothelial growth factor (P < 0.05) after hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS The enzymes that produce H2S in MSCs are also responsible for the production of other stem cell paracrine mediators under stressful stimuli. Therefore, reprogramming MSCs to endogenously produce more H2S as a therapeutic intervention could also critically impact other paracrine mediators, which may alter the desired beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Troy A Markel
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana.
| | - Natalie A Drucker
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Amanda R Jensen
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Kenneth R Olson
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Paracrine Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promote Lymphangiogenesis in Irradiated Lymphatic Endothelial Cells. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:1189e-1200e. [PMID: 30907807 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no reliable treatment for secondary lymphedema caused by lymph node dissection or radiotherapy; however, stem cell-based regenerative medicine is emerging as a promising remedy for such complications. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adipose-derived stem cells on lymphangiogenesis involving human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells exposed to ionizing radiation. METHODS Proliferation, migration, and tube formation were analyzed in human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells that were co-cultured with adipose-derived stem cells or cultured in adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium. The levels of lymphangiogenic factors secreted from adipose-derived stem cells were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blotting. RESULTS Co-culturing with adipose-derived stem cells and the use of adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium both significantly promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation in nonirradiated human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. The authors also found that irradiated adipose-derived stem cells had similar alleviative effects on irradiated human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blotting analysis revealed that irradiating adipose-derived stem cells increased their secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor in a dose-dependent manner, whereas it caused no detectable change in their secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A or C, or hepatocyte growth factor. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that factors secreted by adipose-derived stem cells contribute to the promotion of lymphangiogenesis in irradiated human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. The authors' findings also suggest that radiation potentiates the paracrine effects of adipose-derived stem cells by stimulating basic fibroblast growth factor protein expression.
Collapse
|
15
|
Te Winkel J, John QE, Hosfield BD, Drucker NA, Das A, Olson KR, Markel TA. Mesenchymal stem cells promote mesenteric vasodilation through hydrogen sulfide and endothelial nitric oxide. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G441-G446. [PMID: 31343254 PMCID: PMC6842994 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00132.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mesenteric ischemia is a devastating process that can result in intestinal necrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are becoming a promising treatment modality. We hypothesized that 1) MSCs would promote vasodilation of mesenteric arterioles, 2) hydrogen sulfide (H2S) would be a critical paracrine factor of stem cell-mediated vasodilation, 3) mesenteric vasodilation would be impaired in the absence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) within the host tissue, and 4) MSCs would improve the resistin-to-adiponectin ratio in mesenteric vessels. H2S was measured with a specific fluorophore (7-azido-3-methylcoumarin) in intact MSCs and in cells with the H2S-producing enzyme cystathionine β synthase (CBS) knocked down with siRNA. Mechanical responses of isolated second- and third-order mesenteric arteries (MAs) from wild-type and eNOS knockout (eNOSKO) mice were monitored with pressure myography, after which the vessels were snap frozen and later analyzed for resistin and adiponectin via multiplex beaded assay. Addition of MSCs to the myograph bath significantly increased vasodilation of norepinephrine-precontracted MAs. Knockdown of CBS in MSCs decreased H2S production by MSCs and also decreased MSC-initiated MA dilation. MSC-initiated vasodilation was further reduced in eNOSKO vessels. The MA resistin-to-adiponectin ratio was higher in eNOSKO vessels compared with wild-type. These results show that MSC treatment promotes dilation of MAs by an H2S-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, functional eNOS within the host mesenteric bed appears to be essential for maximum stem cell therapeutic benefit, which may be attributable, in part, to modifications in the resistin-to-adiponectin ratio.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Stem cells have been shown to improve survival, mesenteric perfusion, and histological injury scores following intestinal ischemia. These benefits may be due to the paracrine release of hydrogen sulfide. In an ex vivo pressure myography model, we observed that mesenteric arterial dilation improved with stem cell treatment. Hydrogen sulfide release from stem cells and endothelial nitric oxide synthase within the vessels were critical components of optimizing stem cell-mediated mesenteric artery dilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Te Winkel
- 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Quincy E. John
- 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brian D. Hosfield
- 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Natalie A. Drucker
- 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Amitava Das
- 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,3Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ken R. Olson
- 4Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Troy A. Markel
- 1Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,2Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,5Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A hepatocyte growth factor/MET-induced antiapoptotic pathway protects against radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction. Radiother Oncol 2019; 138:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
17
|
Pisano C, Besner GE. Potential role of stem cells in disease prevention based on a murine model of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis. J Pediatr Surg 2019; 54:413-416. [PMID: 30236604 PMCID: PMC6380911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease of newborns, and despite years of research, there is no known cure. The mortality rate of infants with NEC remains as high as 20%-30%. Babies who survive NEC frequently have long term complications including short gut syndrome, developmental delays and neurological sequelae. Unfortunately, despite much research over the past years, the precise pathogenesis of the disease is still not completely understood. METHODS Our laboratory has focused on identifying novel therapies to prevent the disease, including the use of stem cells (SC), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and recently, stem cell derived-exosomes, a type of nanovesicle, to combat this illness. RESULTS We have outlined the major SC lines and data suggesting potential benefit as a curative or preventive approach for NEC as well as describing several new therapeutic strategies, including stem cell derived- exosomes and HB-EGF for decreasing the incidence and severity of this disease in rat models in our lab. CONCLUSION Overall, our lab has demonstrated that these different types of SC equivalently reduce the incidence and severity of NEC and equally preserve intestinal barrier function during NEC. We have previously demonstrated that AF-MSC can protect the intestines from intestinal injury and may therefore hold strong therapeutic potential for the prevention of NEC. Most recently, our work with stem cell derived-exosomes has shown them to be equivalent to their derived SC lines in decreasing the incidence of this disease.
Collapse
|
18
|
A comparison of clinically relevant sources of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Bone marrow and amniotic fluid. J Pediatr Surg 2019; 54:86-90. [PMID: 30361074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Exosomes may constitute a more practical alternative to live cells in select stem cell-based therapies. We sought to compare exosomes from two mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources relevant to perinatal and pediatric diseases. METHODS Exosomes were isolated by reagent-enhanced centrifugation from cell culture media of banked human bone marrow (bm) and amniotic fluid (af) MSCs after serum starvation. Characterization was by flow exometry for tetraspanin markers CD9, CD63, and CD81, transmission electron microscopy for size and morphology, and tunable resistive pulse sensing for size distribution and concentration. Statistical comparisons of count data were made by Poisson regression modeling and Student's T-test. RESULTS Exosomes of appropriate size and morphology were isolated with comparable expressions of CD9 (96% vs. 94%), CD63 (88% vs. 66%), and CD81 (71% vs. 63%) for bmMSC and afMSC, respectively. Total exosome yield (particles/mL) adjusted for number of cells was higher from afMSCs than bmMSCs by an estimated 25% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS While bone marrow and amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells are comparable sources of exosomes in size distribution, morphology, and expression of typical surface markers, yield may be higher from amniotic fluid cells. The amniotic fluid appears to be a preferable source of exosomes for clinical applications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A (bench laboratory study).
Collapse
|
19
|
Drucker NA, McCulloh CJ, Li B, Pierro A, Besner GE, Markel TA. Stem cell therapy in necrotizing enterocolitis: Current state and future directions. Semin Pediatr Surg 2018; 27:57-64. [PMID: 29275819 PMCID: PMC5745058 DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment modality for necrotizing enterocolitis. Among the many promising stem cells identified to date, it is likely that mesenchymal stem cells will be the most useful and practical cell-based therapies for this condition. Using acellular components such as exosomes or other paracrine mediators are promising as well. Multiple mechanisms are likely at play in the positive effects provided by these cells, and further research is underway to further elucidate these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A. Drucker
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Christopher J. McCulloh
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gail E. Besner
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Troy A. Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu X, Li D, Li X, Shi Q, Ju X. Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium alleviates oxidative stress injury induced by hydrogen peroxide via regulating miR143 and its target protein in hepatocytes. BMC Immunol 2017; 18:51. [PMID: 29258429 PMCID: PMC5735881 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the impact of miRNA (microRNA) on hepatic oxidative stress damage under the human mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (MSC-CM) and explore the roles of the beta-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRB1) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) in this process. METHODS Hydrogen peroxide was used to induce oxidative stress injury in the human normal liver cell line L02. MSC-CM was separately prepared. After treatment with MSC-CM, the protective effects of MSC-CM on oxidative stress injury were assessed by changes in apoptosis, cell viability, cell cycle, and mitochondrial membrane potential. According to the microarray analysis, 19 disparately expressed miRNAs were selected for RT-PCR and miR143 identified as having significant differential expression in MSC-CM against oxidative stress injury. Subsequently, the predicted target proteins of miR143 were selected by bioinformatics software, and verified by western blot. In addition, down-regulation and up-regulation of miR143 expression and hydrogen peroxide induced hypoxia injury were carried out on L02 cells to study the role of miR143. RESULTS MSC-CM significantly attenuated H2O2 induced oxidative stress injury. The expression of miR143 was increased following oxidative stress injury whereas it decreased after MSC-CM treatment. The expression levels of HK2 and ADRB1 regulated by miR143 and Bcl-2 decreased under H2O2 treatment but were restored following MSC-CM treatment. However the expression levels of Bax and BMF increased after H2O2 injury and decreased after MSC-CM treatment. Moreover over-expression or down-regulation of miR143 aggravated or alleviated hepatocyte apoptosis respectively. CONCLUSIONS MSC-CM may alleviate H2O2 induced oxidative stress injury by inhibiting apoptosis and adjusting miRNA expression. Moreover down-regulation of miR143 protects L02 cells from apoptosis and initiates an adaptive process by adjusting the expression of HK2 ADRB1 and apoptosis-related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Xu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiuli Ju
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518057, China. .,Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hany E, Sobh MA, ElKhier MTA, ElSabaa HM, Zaher AR. The Effect of Different Routes of Injection of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Parotid Glands of Rats Receiving Cisplatin: A Comparative Study. Int J Stem Cells 2017; 10:169-178. [PMID: 28844126 PMCID: PMC5741198 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc17022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Cisplatin is a powerful antitumor chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used in the treatment of many cancers but it has many side effects on many organs including salivary glands. Bone marrow is considered to be a rich environment that comprises many types of stem cells of which BMSCs (Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) are the most studied with potentiality to differentiate into many cell types. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different routes of injection of BMSCs on parotid glands of rats receiving cisplatin. Methods and Results Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: a negative control group receiving phosphate buffered saline, a positive control group receiving cisplatin, and an experimental group where rats received cisplatin and then received iron oxide-labeled BMSCs by either intravenous or intraparotid routes or both. Animals were sacrificed at periods of 3,6,10 and 15 days after cisplatin injection, then histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies were done. The experimental stem cell treated group showed better histological features and increased PCNA proliferation index when compared to the control. The systemic and combination groups showed better results than the local group. Iron oxide-labeled cells were detected with Prussian blue stain. Conclusions This study proved that BMSCs can improve cisplatin induced cytotoxicity in parotid glands. Systemic administration showed to have a better effect than local intraparotid administration and comparable effect to combined administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Hany
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Sobh
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mazen T Abou ElKhier
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba M ElSabaa
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Badr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Zaher
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
McCulloh CJ, Olson JK, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Besner GE. Stem cells and necrotizing enterocolitis: A direct comparison of the efficacy of multiple types of stem cells. J Pediatr Surg 2017; 52:999-1005. [PMID: 28366560 PMCID: PMC5467690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of gastrointestinal morbidity and mortality in premature infants. While studies have shown potential for stem cell (SC) therapy in experimental NEC, no study has compared different SC side-by-side. Our purpose was to determine whether one type of SC may more effectively treat NEC than others. METHODS Four SC were compared: (1) amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal SC (AF-MSC); (2) amniotic fluid-derived neural SC (AF-NSC); (3) bone marrow-derived mesenchymal SC (BM-MSC); and (4) neonatal enteric neural SC (E-NSC). Using an established rat model of NEC, pups delivered prematurely received an intraperitoneal injection of SC. Control pups were injected with PBS. Additional controls were breast-fed by surrogates and not subjected to experimental NEC. Intestinal tissue was graded histologically. RESULTS NEC incidence was: PBS, 61.3%; breast-fed unstressed, 0%; AF-MSC, 19.1%; BM-MSC, 22.9%; AF-NSC, 18.9%; E-NSC 22.2%. All groups demonstrated statistical significance (p<0.05) compared to controls, and there was no difference between SC groups. CONCLUSION All four SC groups reduced the incidence and severity of experimental NEC equivalently. AF-MSC may be preferable because of availability of AF at delivery and ease of expansion, increasing potential for clinical translation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V (Animal study).
Collapse
|
23
|
Ong HT, Redmond SL, Marano RJ, Atlas MD, von Unge M, Aabel P, Dilley RJ. Paracrine Activity from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on In Vitro Wound Healing in Human Tympanic Membrane Keratinocytes. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:405-418. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ting Ong
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Sharon L. Redmond
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Ear Sciences Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert J. Marano
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Ear Sciences Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marcus D. Atlas
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Ear Sciences Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Magnus von Unge
- Division of Surgery, Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Clinical Research Västerås, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peder Aabel
- Division of Surgery, Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rodney J. Dilley
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Ear Sciences Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Möller T, Amoroso M, Hägg D, Brantsing C, Rotter N, Apelgren P, Lindahl A, Kölby L, Gatenholm P. In Vivo Chondrogenesis in 3D Bioprinted Human Cell-laden Hydrogel Constructs. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2017; 5:e1227. [PMID: 28280669 PMCID: PMC5340484 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology allows creation of 3D constructs in a layer-by-layer fashion utilizing biologically relevant materials such as biopolymers and cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of 3D bioprinting in a clinically relevant setting to evaluate the potential of this technique for in vivo chondrogenesis. METHODS Thirty-six nude mice (Balb-C, female) received a 5- × 5- × 1-mm piece of bioprinted cell-laden nanofibrillated cellulose/alginate construct in a subcutaneous pocket. Four groups of printed constructs were used: (1) human (male) nasal chondrocytes (hNCs), (2) human (female) bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), (3) coculture of hNCs and hBMSCs in a 20/80 ratio, and (4) Cell-free scaffolds (blank). After 14, 30, and 60 days, the scaffolds were harvested for histological, immunohistochemical, and mechanical analysis. RESULTS The constructs had good mechanical properties and keep their structural integrity after 60 days of implantation. For both the hNC constructs and the cocultured constructs, a gradual increase of glycosaminoglycan production and hNC proliferation was observed. However, the cocultured group showed a more pronounced cell proliferation and enhanced deposition of human collagen II demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis. CONCLUSIONS In vivo chondrogenesis in a 3D bioprinted human cell-laden hydrogel construct has been demonstrated. The trophic role of the hBMSCs in stimulating hNC proliferation and matrix deposition in the coculture group suggests the potential of 3D bioprinting of human cartilage for future application in reconstructive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Möller
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Matteo Amoroso
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Hägg
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Camilla Brantsing
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Apelgren
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anders Lindahl
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lars Kölby
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Gatenholm
- From the 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden; and University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Frauensteige 12, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Doster DL, Jensen AR, Khaneki S, Markel TA. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for the treatment of intestinal ischemia: Defining the optimal cell isolate for maximum therapeutic benefit. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:1457-1470. [PMID: 27745788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia is a devastating intraabdominal emergency that often necessitates surgical intervention. Mortality rates can be high, and patients who survive often have significant long-term morbidity. The implementation of traditional medical therapies to prevent or treat intestinal ischemia have been sparse over the last decade, and therefore, the use of novel therapies are becoming more prevalent. Cellular therapy using mesenchymal stromal cells is one such treatment modality that is attracting noteworthy attention in the scientific community. Several groups have seen benefit with cellular therapy, but the optimal cell line has not been identified. The purpose of this review is to: 1) Review the mechanism of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury, 2) Identify the mechanisms of how cellular therapy may be therapeutic for this disease, and 3) Compare various MSC tissue sources to maximize potential therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of intestinal I/R diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique L Doster
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amanda R Jensen
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sina Khaneki
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA; The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cahill EF, Kennelly H, Carty F, Mahon BP, English K. Hepatocyte Growth Factor Is Required for Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Protection Against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1307-1318. [PMID: 27388243 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: The incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is on the rise and existing treatments have failed to halt or reverse disease progression. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potent cytoprotective effects, can promote tissue repair, and have demonstrated efficacy in a range of fibrotic lung diseases; however, the exact mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. Chemical antagonists and short hairpin RNA knockdown were used to identify the mechanisms of action used by MSCs in promoting wound healing, proliferation, and inhibiting apoptosis. Using the bleomycin induced fibrosis model, the protective effects of early or late MSC administration were examined. The role for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in MSC protection against bleomycin lung injury was examined using HGF knockdown MSC. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling assay was performed on ex vivo lung sections to examine the effects of MSC on apoptosis. MSC conditioned media (CM) enhanced wound closure and inhibited apoptosis of pulmonary cells in vitro. HGF was required for MSC CM enhancement of epithelial cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. In contrast, MSC required COX-2 for CM to inhibit fibroblast proliferation. In a murine model, early administration of MSC protected against bleomycin induced lung fibrosis and correlated with reduced levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β, reduced levels of apoptosis, and significantly increased levels of HGF. These protective effects were in part mediated by MSC derived HGF as HGF knockdown MSC were unable to protect against fibrosis in vivo. These findings delineate the mechanisms of MSC protection in a preclinical model of fibrotic lung disease. SIGNIFICANCE The mechanisms used by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in mediating protective effects in chronic models of lung disease are not understood and remain to be elucidated. These findings from in vitro studies highlight an important role for the MSC-derived soluble factors hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and prostaglandin E2 in promoting wound healing and inhibiting apoptosis. Furthermore, this study translates these findings demonstrating an important role for HGF in the protective effects mediated by MSC in vivo in the bleomycin model. These findings support a targeted approach to enhancing MSC therapy for fibrotic disease and highlight the importance of timing of MSC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emer F Cahill
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Helen Kennelly
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Fiona Carty
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Bernard P Mahon
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Karen English
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rager TM, Olson JK, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Besner GE. Exosomes secreted from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect the intestines from experimental necrotizing enterocolitis. J Pediatr Surg 2016; 51:942-7. [PMID: 27015901 PMCID: PMC4921266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment options for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remain inadequate. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can protect the intestines from NEC. Exosomes are nanoparticle-sized vesicles with important cell signaling capabilities. The objective of this study was to determine whether BM-MSC-derived exosomes can prevent NEC. METHODS Rat pups were either breast fed (Group 1) or subjected to experimental NEC and randomized to receive either no treatment (Group 2) or an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of PBS (Group 3), BM-MSC (Group 4), or BM-MSC-derived exosomes (Group 5). Histologic injury grade and intestinal permeability were determined. The effect of BM-MSC-derived exosomes on IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells in an in vitro scrape model of wound healing was also determined. RESULTS Animals exposed to NEC that were either untreated or received PBS alone had an NEC incidence of 46% and 41%, respectively (p=0.61). Compared to untreated pups, the incidence of NEC was significantly lower in pups treated with either BM-MSC (9%, p=0.0003) or MB-MSC-derived exosomes (13%, p=0.0008). Similar results were found for intestinal permeability. Wound healing in IEC-6 cells was significantly increased by BM-MSC-derived exosomes. CONCLUSION BM-MSC-derived exosomes protect the intestines from NEC and may represent a novel, cell-free, preventative therapy for NEC in the future.
Collapse
|
28
|
Al-Saikan B, Ding J, Tredget E, Metcalfe P. Benefits of mesenchymal stem cells after partial bladder outlet obstruction. Can Urol Assoc J 2016; 10:E1-6. [PMID: 26858780 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) results in significant morbidity and mortality in the pediatric and adult populations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been widely studied in many organ systems for the treatment and prevention of fibrotic and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, we hypothesize that systemic administration of MSC will demonstrate short-term biochemical, histological, and urodynamic benefits in an animal model for pBOO. METHODS After University ethics approval, 5 × 106 green fluorescent protein GFP-labeled MSC were intravenously injected concurrently with pBOO in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Five groups (n=3/group) were analyzed: a) unobstructed controls; b) pBOO for seven days with intravenous MSC (7d+MSC); c) pBOO for seven days without intravenous MSC (7d-MSC); d) pBOO for 14 days with intravenous MSC (14d+MSC), e) pBOO for 14 days without MSC (14d-MSC). Urodynamics were performed at the end of the experimental period and bladders were weighed. Immunohistochemistry was performed for GFP detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect mRNA of: TGF-B, HIF-1a, RhoA, GRP-78, lumican, and decorin. RESULTS All animals remained healthy. GFP was detected in all treatment groups. MSC treatment resulted in a significant decrease in bladder capacity (0.91 cc vs. 2.15 cc, p=0.04). Treatment also resulted in significant decreases in mRNA levels of: TGF-B, HIF-1a, Rho-A, and GRP-78. CONCLUSIONS Systemic treatment with MSC was well tolerated and resulted in MSC accumulation after pBOO. Despite our low numbers, we were able to successfully demonstrate short-term urodynamic improvements and widespread, significant decreases in inflammatory mediators. We believe that this decreased inflammatory cascade will help prevent long-term detrusor deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bader Al-Saikan
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edward Tredget
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Peter Metcalfe
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Okay E, Simsek T, Subasi C, Gunes A, Duruksu G, Gurbuz Y, Gacar G, Karaoz E. Cross effects of resveratrol and mesenchymal stem cells on liver regeneration and homing in partially hepatectomized rats. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:322-31. [PMID: 25416627 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effect of preoperatively administered resveratrol (RV) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on regeneration of partially hepatectomized rat liver. We also evaluated the effect of RV on homing of MSCs. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured in vitro. Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. In groups, rats received (1) no treatment, (2) single dose RV, (3) MSCs and (4) RV plus MSCs before partial hepatectomy (PH). Injected MSCs were traced by labeling them with green fluorescent protein, and liver regeneration was determined by comparison of liver weight gain, histological examination and immunohistochemical staining with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for mitotic cells. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor -alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were also determined in the parafin sections of liver specimens with immunohistochemical staining. Administration of RV and MSCs separately or together enhanced liver regeneration despite decreasing the TNF-α and IL-6 expression. This positive contribution was probably due to direct raising effect on HGF for RV and HGF expression for MSCs that we demonstrated with immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, RV increased the homing of MSCs in liver probably related to life prolonging effect on MSCs. These results indicate that preoperative RV as well as MSCs application enhances liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats. Paying attention to RV about the effect on liver regeneration and homing of MSCs might be the goal of further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Okay
- Department of General Surgery, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
An HY, Shin HS, Choi JS, Kim HJ, Lim JY, Kim YM. Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Modulated in Hypoxia for Remodeling of Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Damage. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141862. [PMID: 26529411 PMCID: PMC4631328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose This study was conducted to determine whether a secretome from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) modulated by hypoxic conditions to contain therapeutic factors contributes to salivary gland (SG) tissue remodeling and has the potential to improve irradiation (IR)-induced salivary hypofunction in a mouse model. Materials and Methods Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSC) were isolated, expanded, and exposed to hypoxic conditions (O2 < 5%). The hypoxia-conditioned medium was then filtered to a high molecular weight fraction and prepared as a hAdMSC secretome. The hAdMSC secretome was subsequently infused into the tail vein of C3H mice immediately after local IR once a day for seven consecutive days. The control group received equal volume (500 μL) of vehicle (PBS) only. SG function and structural tissue remodeling by the hAdMSC secretome were investigated. Human parotid epithelial cells (HPEC) were obtained, expanded in vitro, and then irradiated and treated with either the hypoxia-conditioned medium or a normoxic control medium. Cell proliferation and IR-induced cell death were examined to determine the mechanism by which the hAdMSC secretome exerted its effects. Results The conditioned hAdMSC secretome contained high levels of GM-CSF, VEGF, IL-6, and IGF-1. Repeated systemic infusion with the hAdMSC secretome resulted in improved salivation capacity and increased levels of salivary proteins, including amylase and EGF, relative to the PBS group. The microscopic structural integrity of SG was maintained and salivary epithelial (AQP-5), endothelial (CD31), myoepithelial (α-SMA) and SG progenitor cells (c-Kit) were successfully protected from radiation damage and remodeled. The hAdMSC secretome strongly induced proliferation of HPEC and led to a significant decrease in cell death in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the anti-apoptotic effects of the hAdMSC secretome were found to be promoted after hypoxia-preconditioning relative to normoxia-cultured hAdMSC secretome. Conclusion These results show that the hAdMSC secretome from hypoxic-conditioned medium may provide radioprotection and tissue remodeling via release of paracrine mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Translational Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Translational Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Translational Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Jung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yol Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Translational Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JL); (YK)
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Translational Research Center, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JL); (YK)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Markel TA, Crafts TD, Jensen AR, Hunsberger EB, Yoder MC. Human mesenchymal stromal cells decrease mortality after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2015. [PMID: 26219205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular therapy is a novel treatment option for intestinal ischemia. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) have previously been shown to abate the damage caused by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We therefore hypothesized that (1) human BMSCs (hBMSCs) would produce more beneficial growth factors and lower levels of proinflammatory mediators compared to differentiated cells, (2) direct application of hBMSCs to ischemic intestine would decrease mortality after injury, and (3) decreased mortality would be associated with an altered intestinal and hepatic inflammatory response. METHODS Adult hBMSCs and keratinocytes were cultured on polystyrene flasks. For in vitro experiments, cells were exposed to tumor necrosis factor, lipopolysaccharides, or 2% oxygen for 24 h. Supernatants were then analyzed for growth factors and chemokines by multiplex assay. For in vivo experiments, 8- to 12-wk-old male C57Bl6J mice were anesthetized and underwent a midline laparotomy. Experimental groups were exposed to temporary superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 60 min. Immediately after ischemia, 2 × 10(6) hBMSCs or keratinocytes in phosphate-buffered saline were placed into the peritoneal cavity. Animals were then closed and allowed to recover for 6 h (molecular/histologic analysis) or 7 d (survival analysis). After 6-h reperfusion, animals were euthanized. Intestines and livers were harvested and analyzed for inflammatory chemokines, growth factors, and histologic changes. RESULTS hBMSCs expressed higher levels of human interleukin (IL) 6, IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor and lower levels of IL-1, IL-3, IL-7, and granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor after stimulation. In vivo, I/R resulted in significant mortality (70% mortality), whereas application of hBMSCs after ischemia decreased mortality to 10% in a dose-dependent fashion (P = 0.004). Keratinocyte therapy offered no improvements in mortality above I/R. Histologic profiles were equivalent between ischemic groups, regardless of the application of hBMSCs or keratinocytes. Cellular therapy yielded significantly decreased murine intestinal levels of soluble activin receptor-like kinase 1, betacellulin, and endothelin, whereas increasing levels of eotaxin, monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, IL-6, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) from ischemia were appreciated. hBMSC therapy yielded significantly higher expression of murine intestinal VEGF and lower levels of intestinal MIG compared to keratinocyte therapy. Application of hBMSCs after ischemia yielded significantly lower murine levels of hepatic MIG, IP-10, and G-CSF compared to keratinocyte therapy. CONCLUSIONS Human BMSCs produce multiple beneficial growth factors. Direct application of hBMSCs to the peritoneal cavity after intestinal I/R decreased mortality by 60%. Improved outcomes with hBMSC therapy were not associated with improved histologic profiles in this model. hBMSC therapy was associated with higher VEGF in intestines and lower levels of proinflammtory MIG, IP-10, and G-CSF in liver tissue after ischemia, suggesting that reperfusion with hBMSC therapy may alter survival by modulating the systemic inflammatory response to ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Troy A Markel
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| | - Trevor D Crafts
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Amanda R Jensen
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Erin Bailey Hunsberger
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shabbir A, Cox A, Rodriguez-Menocal L, Salgado M, Van Badiavas E. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Induce Proliferation and Migration of Normal and Chronic Wound Fibroblasts, and Enhance Angiogenesis In Vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1635-47. [PMID: 25867197 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chronic wounds are common and continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, treatments for these conditions are lacking and often ineffective. A large body of evidence exists demonstrating the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for repair and regeneration of damaged tissue, including acceleration of cutaneous wound healing. However, the exact mechanisms of wound healing mediated by MSCs are unclear. In this study, we examined the role of MSC exosomes in wound healing. We found that MSC exosomes ranged from 30 to 100-nm in diameter and internalization of MSC exosomes resulted in a dose-dependent enhancement of proliferation and migration of fibroblasts derived from normal donors and chronic wound patients. Uptake of MSC exosomes by human umbilical vein endothelial cells also resulted in dose-dependent increases of tube formation by endothelial cells. MSC exosomes were found to activate several signaling pathways important in wound healing (Akt, ERK, and STAT3) and induce the expression of a number of growth factors [hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), nerve growth factor (NGF), and stromal-derived growth factor-1 (SDF1)]. These findings represent a promising opportunity to gain insight into how MSCs may mediate wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Shabbir
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Audrey Cox
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Luis Rodriguez-Menocal
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Marcela Salgado
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Evangelos Van Badiavas
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ciccocioppo R, Cangemi GC, Roselli EA, Kruzliak P. Are stem cells a potential therapeutic tool in coeliac disease? Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1317-29. [PMID: 25511197 PMCID: PMC11113911 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing understanding of its pathogenesis, the treatment of coeliac disease is still based on a lifelong gluten-free diet that, although efficacious, is troublesome for affected patients, and a definitive cure is still an unmet need. In this regard, the development of new chemical- and biological-derived agents has often resulted in unsatisfactory effects when tested in vivo, probably because of their ability to target only a single pathway, whilst the immunological cascade responsible for tissue injury is complex and redundant. The advent of cellular therapies, mainly based on the use of stem cells, is an emerging area of interest since it has the advantage of a multi-target strategy. Both haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells have been employed in the treatment of refractory patients suffering from autoimmune diseases, with promising results. However, the lack of immunogenicity makes mesenchymal stem cells more suitable than their haematopoietic counterpart, since their transplantation may be performed in the absence of a myeloablative conditioning regimen. In addition, mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to harbour strong modulatory effects on almost all cells involved in immune response, together with a potent regenerative action. It is therefore conceivable that over the next few years their therapeutic use will increase as their biological interactions with injured tissues become clearer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Center for the Study and Cure of Coeliac Disease, Clinica Medica I, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cristina Cangemi
- Center for the Study and Cure of Coeliac Disease, Clinica Medica I, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Anna Roselli
- Center for the Study and Cure of Coeliac Disease, Clinica Medica I, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital and Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Tissue Injury via Secretion of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Stimulated Protein/Gene 6. Stem Cells Int 2014; 2014:761091. [PMID: 25580135 PMCID: PMC4279254 DOI: 10.1155/2014/761091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports have described therapeutic benefits in various disease models after administration of the adult stem/progenitor cells from bone marrow or other tissues referred to as mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). They all showed that one of the important effects of MSCs is to act against excessive inflammatory responses and repair the damaged tissues. The therapeutic benefits of MSCs were initially interpreted by their migration, engraftment, and differentiation into target tissues. However, remarkable anatomical structural repairs and functional improvements were increasingly observed with a small number of or even no MSCs in the injured tissues. This suggests that most beneficial effects are largely due to paracrine secretions or cell-to-cell contacts that have multiple effects involving modulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Currently, the therapeutic benefits of MSCs are in part explained by the cells being activated by signals from injured tissues to express an anti-inflammatory protein, tumor-necrosis-factor-α-induced protein 6. This important mechanism of action has attracted increasing attention, and therefore we conducted this review to summarize the latest research.
Collapse
|
35
|
Watkins DJ, Zhou Y, Matthews MAB, Chen L, Besner GE. HB-EGF augments the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to attenuate intestinal injury. J Pediatr Surg 2014; 49:938-44; discussion 944. [PMID: 24888839 PMCID: PMC4044538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration protect the intestines from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo, with amniotic fluid-derived MSC (AF-MSC) being more efficacious than bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC). The goal of the current study was to determine whether the protective effects of HB-EGF were from direct effects on MSC or via alternative mechanisms. METHODS Murine MSC were transfected with an HB-EGF plasmid or control plasmid by electroporation. Mice were subjected to segmental intestinal I/R injury and received either BM-MSC or AF-MSC either with or without exogenous HB-EGF, or BM-MSC or AF-MSC that endogenously over-expressed HB-EGF. MSC engraftment, intestinal histologic injury, and intestinal permeability were quantified. RESULTS There was increased MSC engraftment into injured compared to uninjured intestine. HB-EGF increased AF-MSC engraftment into injured intestine. Administration of HB-EGF and MSC improved intestinal histology and intestinal permeability after I/R injury, with AF-MSC being most efficacious. The effect of HB-EGF on MSC was similar when the growth factor was administered exogenously, or when it was overexpressed endogenously. CONCLUSIONS The effect of HB-EGF on AF-MSC was similar with both exogenous administration and endogenous overexpression of the growth factor, implying that HB-EGF has a direct effect on AF-MSC. This information may assist in guiding potential future AF-MSC-based therapies for patients at risk of intestinal ischemic injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Watkins
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yu Zhou
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mika A B Matthews
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Li Chen
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gail E Besner
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lam J, Lu S, Meretoja VV, Tabata Y, Mikos AG, Kasper FK. Generation of osteochondral tissue constructs with chondrogenically and osteogenically predifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in bilayered hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1112-23. [PMID: 24300948 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the ability of chondrogenic and osteogenic predifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to play a role in the development of osteochondral tissue constructs using injectable bilayered oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) hydrogel composites. We hypothesized that the combinatorial approach of encapsulating cell populations of both chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages in a spatially controlled manner within bilayered constructs would enable these cells to maintain their respective phenotypes via the exchange of biochemical factors even without the influence of external growth factors. During monolayer expansion prior to hydrogel encapsulation, it was found that 7 (CG7) and 14 (CG14) days of MSC exposure to TGF-β3 allowed for the generation of distinct cell populations with corresponding chondrogenic maturities as indicated by increasing aggrecan and type II collagen/type I collagen expression. Chondrogenic and osteogenic cells were then encapsulated within their respective (chondral/subchondral) layers in bilayered hydrogel composites to include four experimental groups. Encapsulated CG7 cells within the chondral layer exhibited enhanced chondrogenic phenotype when compared to other cell populations based on stronger type II collagen and aggrecan gene expression and higher glycosaminoglycan-to-hydroxyproline ratios. Osteogenic cells that were co-cultured with chondrogenic cells (in the chondral layer) showed higher cellularity over time, suggesting that chondrogenic cells stimulated the proliferation of osteogenic cells. Groups with osteogenic cells displayed mineralization in the subchondral layer, confirming the effect of osteogenic predifferentiation. In summary, it was found that MSCs that underwent 7 days, but not 14 days, of chondrogenic predifferentiation most closely resembled the phenotype of native hyaline cartilage when combined with osteogenic cells in a bilayered OPF hydrogel composite, indicating that the duration of chondrogenic preconditioning is an important factor to control. Furthermore, the respective chondrogenic and osteogenic phenotypes were maintained for 28 days in vitro without the need for external growth factors, demonstrating the exciting potential of this novel strategy for the generation of osteochondral tissue constructs for cartilage engineering applications.
Collapse
|
37
|
Lu Z, Wang G, Roohani-Esfahani I, Dunstan CR, Zreiqat H. Baghdadite Ceramics Modulate the Cross Talk Between Human Adipose Stem Cells and Osteoblasts for Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:992-1002. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- ZuFu Lu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - GuoCheng Wang
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Iman Roohani-Esfahani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colin R. Dunstan
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic non-specific inflammatory disease with unknown etiology; it is associated with genetic factors, immune factors, intestinal flora, infection, and other factors. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted more and more attention in the treatment of IBD, and the therapeutic effects may be associated with their antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects as well as intestinal epithelium reconstruction. In this article, we will review the causes of IBD and possible mechanisms of MSCs in treating IBD.
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang J, Su Y, Zhou Y, Besner GE. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) therapy for intestinal injury: Application and future prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 21:95-104. [PMID: 24345808 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the past 20 years, we have been investigating the potential therapeutic roles of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the epidermal growth factor family, in various models of intestinal injury including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HS/R). Our studies have demonstrated that HB-EGF acts as an effective mitogen, a restitution-inducing reagent, a cellular trophic factor, an anti-apoptotic protein and a vasodilator, via its effects on various cell types in the intestine. In the current paper, we have reviewed the application and therapeutic effects of HB-EGF in three classic animal models of intestinal injury, with particular emphasis on its protection of the intestines from NEC. Additionally, we have summarized the protective functions of HB-EGF on various target cells in the intestine. Lastly, we have provided a brief discussion focusing on the future development of HB-EGF clinical applications for the treatment of various forms of intestinal injury including NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Yang
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Yanwei Su
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Yu Zhou
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Gail E Besner
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dietary GD3 ganglioside reduces the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis by sustaining regulatory immune responses. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013; 57:550-6. [PMID: 23783008 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0b013e3182a027e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids, rich in colostrum and in membrane microdomains, which promote enterocyte growth and differentiation, and modulate TH1/TH2 responses. In an in vitro intestinal explant model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), gangliosides have been shown to ameliorate intestinal injury; however, possible immunomodulatory mechanisms associated with this observation, as well as potential in vivo protective effects of gangliosides, remain unknown. The present study evaluates the effects of dietary GD3, the predominant ganglioside in neonatal rat intestine, both on the clinicopathologic expression of disease and on ileal Foxp3+ T regulatory cell immune responses in an experimental NEC model. METHODS Newborn rat pups were fed gavage formula (NEC) or formula supplemented with 15 μg/mL GD3 (GD3-NEC). Dam-fed (DF) littermates served as controls. NEC was induced by asphyxia and cold stress. At 96 hours, ileal gross and histologic changes were evaluated, and ileal cytokine profiles, Foxp3 expression, and Foxp3+ cell numbers were determined. RESULTS GD3 decreased the incidence and gross and histopathologic severity of NEC. Ileal Foxp3 expression and Foxp3+ cell numbers were significantly decreased in the NEC group compared with DF. GD3 increased ileal Foxp3 expression and Foxp3+ cell numbers, in association with upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 and chemokines, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and suppressed proinflammatory mediators. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that dietary GD3 protects newborn rats from NEC, in part, by augmenting mucosal Foxp3+ T regulatory immune responses.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yamada S, Shimada M, Utsunomiya T, Ikemoto T, Saito Y, Morine Y, Imura S, Mori H, Arakawa Y, Kanamoto M, Iwahashi S. Trophic effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cells on porcine islet cells. J Surg Res 2013; 187:667-72. [PMID: 24238974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which are widely known as multipotent progenitor cells, release several cytokines that support cell survival and repair. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ADSC-secreted molecules could induce a trophic effect in pancreatic islet culture conditions in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS We cocultured porcine islet cells with ADSCs using a transwell system for 48 h and evaluated the viability of islet cells. We also determined the concentration levels of cytokines and insulin in the supernatant of the culture medium. We used anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antibodies to investigate the effect of VEGF and IL-6 on islet cells. RESULTS ADSCs improved the viability of islet cells in the absence of cell-cell contact (P < 0.05). VEGF and IL-6 levels in the culture medium increased when islet cells were cocultured with ADSCs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, inhibition of VEGF decreased the viability of islet cells (P < 0.05); however, inhibition of IL-6 did not affect islet cell viability. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that trophic factors, particularly VEGF, secreted by human ADSCs enhanced the survival and function of porcine islet cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Tohru Utsunomiya
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Satoru Imura
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mori
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Arakawa
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mami Kanamoto
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shuichi Iwahashi
- Department of Digestive and Transplant Surgery, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima City, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shen ZY, Zhang J, Song HL, Zheng WP. Bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells reduce rat intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, ZO-1 downregulation and tight junction disruption via a TNF-α-regulated mechanism. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:3583-3595. [PMID: 23801859 PMCID: PMC3691049 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i23.3583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs) on the intestinal mucosa barrier in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
METHODS: BM MSCs were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats by density gradient centrifugation, cultured, and analyzed by flow cytometry. I/R injury was induced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min. Rats were treated with saline, BM MSCs (via intramucosal injection) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α blocking antibodies (via the tail vein). I/R injury was assessed using transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: Intestinal permeability increased, tight junctions (TJs) were disrupted, and zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) was downregulated after I/R injury. BM MSCs reduced intestinal mucosal barrier destruction, ZO-1 downregulation, and TJ disruption. The morphological abnormalities after intestinal I/R injury positively correlated with serum TNF-α levels. Administration of anti-TNF-α IgG or anti-TNF-α receptor 1 antibodies attenuated the intestinal ultrastructural changes, ZO-1 downregulation, and TJ disruption.
CONCLUSION: Altered serum TNF-α levels play an important role in the ability of BM MSCs to protect against intestinal I/R injury.
Collapse
|
43
|
Xu L, Wang Q, Xu F, Ye Z, Zhou Y, Tan WS. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Downregulate Articular Chondrocyte Differentiation in Noncontact Coculture Systems: Implications in Cartilage Tissue Regeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1657-69. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Watkins DJ, Yang J, Matthews MAB, Besner GE. Synergistic effects of HB-EGF and mesenchymal stem cells in a murine model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Pediatr Surg 2013; 48:1323-9. [PMID: 23845626 PMCID: PMC3710437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) administration protects the intestines from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo. We have also shown that HB-EGF promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and migration in vitro. The goals of the current study were to examine the effects of HB-EGF and both bone marrow (BM)- and amniotic fluid (AF)-derived MSC on intestinal I/R injury in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSC were isolated from pan-EGFP mice, expanded, and purified. Pluripotency was confirmed by induced differentiation. Mice were subjected to terminal ileum I/R and received either: (1) no therapy; (2) HB-EGF; (3) BM-MSC; (4) HB-EGF+BM-MSC; (5) AF-MSC; or (6) HB-EGF+AF-MSC. MSC engraftment, histologic injury, and intestinal permeability were quantified. RESULTS There was increased MSC engraftment into injured compared to uninjured intestine for all experimental groups, with significantly increased engraftment for AF-MSC+HB-EGF compared to AF-MSC alone. Administration of HB-EGF and MSC improved intestinal histology and intestinal permeability after I/R injury. The greatest improvement was with combined administration of HB-EGF+AF-MSC. CONCLUSIONS Both HB-EGF alone and MSC alone can protect the intestines from I/R injury, with synergistic efficacy occurring when HB-EGF and AF-MSC are administered together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Watkins
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rowland KJ, Choi PM, Warner BW. The role of growth factors in intestinal regeneration and repair in necrotizing enterocolitis. Semin Pediatr Surg 2013; 22:101-11. [PMID: 23611614 PMCID: PMC3635039 DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease resulting in major neonatal morbidity and mortality. The pathology is poorly understood, and the means of preventing and treating NEC are limited. Several endogenous growth factors have been identified as having important roles in intestinal growth as well as aiding intestinal repair from injury or inflammation. In this review, we will discuss several growth factors as mediators of intestinal regeneration and repair as well as potential therapeutic agents for NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brad W. Warner
- Correspondence: Brad W. Warner, M.D. St. Louis Children's Hospital One Children's Place; Suite 5S40 St. Louis MO 63110 (314) 454-6022 - Phone (314) 454-2442 – Fax
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li Q, Zhou X, Shi Y, Li J, Zheng L, Cui L, Zhang J, Wang L, Han Z, Han Y, Fan D. In vivo tracking and comparison of the therapeutic effects of MSCs and HSCs for liver injury. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62363. [PMID: 23638052 PMCID: PMC3640058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been studied for damaged liver repair; however, the conclusions drawn regarding their homing capacity to the injured liver are conflicting. Besides, the relative utility and synergistic effects of these two cell types on the injured liver remain unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings MSCs, HSCs and the combination of both cells were obtained from the bone marrow of male mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)and injected into the female mice with or without liver fibrosis. The distribution of the stem cells, survival rates, liver function, hepatocyte regeneration, growth factors and cytokines of the recipient mice were analyzed. We found that the liver content of the EGFP-donor cells was significantly higher in the MSCs group than in the HSCs or MSCs+HSCs group. The survival rate for the MSCs group was significantly higher than that of the HSCs or MSCs+HSCs group; all surpassed the control group. After MSC-transplantation, the injured livers were maximally restored, with less collagen than the controls. The fibrotic areas had decreased to a lesser extent in the mice transplanted with HSCs or MSCs+HSCs. Compared with mice in the HSCs group, the mice that received MSCs had better improved liver function. MSCs exhibited more remarkable paracrine effects and immunomodulatory properties on hepatic stellate cells and native hepatocytes in the treatment of the liver pathology. Synergistic actions of MSCs and HSCs were most likely not observed because the stem cells in liver were detected mostly as single cells, and single MSCs are insufficient to provide a beneficial niche for HSCs. Conclusions/Significance MSCs exhibited a greater homing capability for the injured liver and modulated fibrosis and inflammation more effectively than did HSCs. Synergistic effects of MSCs and HSCs were not observed in liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xinmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinge Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Linhua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lina Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zheyi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu L, Gao J, Yuan Y, Chang Q, Liao Y, Lu F. Hypoxia preconditioned human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance angiogenic potential via secretion of increased VEGF and bFGF. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:551-60. [PMID: 23505143 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent cells found in bone marrow, adipose tissue, and other adult tissues. MSCs improve regeneration of injured tissues in vivo, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Typically, MSCs are cultured under ambient or normoxic conditions (21% O2 ). However, the physiological niches of MSCs have much lower oxygen tension. When used as a therapeutic tool to repair tissue injuries, MSCs cultured in standard conditions must adapt from 21% O2 in culture to <1% O2 in ischemic tissue. We have examined the effects of hypoxia preconditioning (1% O2 ) in human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) to discover the conditions that best enhance their tissue regenerative potential. We demonstrate that AD-MSCs respond positively to hypoxia compared with normoxia preconditioning, show decreased apoptosis even in severe microenvironmental conditions (such as a low-serum medium), and an increased expression of the angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells have higher vitality and lower apoptosis when cultured in medium taken from hypoxia-preconditioned AD-MSCs, as well as significantly increased capillary-like structures with this medium on Matrigel. The data suggest that hypoxia preconditioned AD-MSCs can improve tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gijsbers L, van Eekelen HD, Nguyen TH, de Haan LH, van der Burg B, Aarts JM, Rietjens IM, Bovy AG. Induction of electrophile-responsive element (EpRE)-mediated gene expression by tomato extracts in vitro. Food Chem 2012; 135:1166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
49
|
The protective effect of adipose-derived stem cells against liver injury by trophic molecules. J Surg Res 2012; 180:162-8. [PMID: 23117122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we investigated whether adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) had any beneficial protective effects on liver injury and regeneration in vivo. Moreover, we examined whether ADSCs protect hepatocytes via trophic molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS We transplanted ADSCs into mice after 70% hepatectomy and ischemia-reperfusion, and observed liver injury and regeneration after reperfusion. We co-cultured hepatocytes with ADSCs using a Transwell system for 7 d and evaluated the viabilities of hepatocytes and the cytokine levels in the culture medium. Bevacizumab was used to confirm the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on hepatocytes. RESULTS ADSCs improved serum liver function at 6 h after reperfusion in a nonlethal model and stimulated liver regeneration at 24 h after reperfusion in a lethal model. VEGF levels in the culture medium were increased by co-culture ADSCs with hepatocytes. ADSCs improved the viabilities of hepatocytes. The inhibited production of VEGF by bevacizumab did not affect the viability of hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS ADSCs were able to ameliorate liver injury and stimulate liver regeneration in subsequent hepatectomy and ischemia-reperfusion-injured model mice. Furthermore, hepatocytes were protected by the trophic molecules of the ADSCs. However, such protective effects might be provided by mechanisms other than VEGF signaling.
Collapse
|
50
|
Hannoush EJ, Elhassan I, Sifri ZC, Mohr AA, Alzate WD, Livingston DH. Role of bone marrow and mesenchymal stem cells in healing after traumatic injury. Surgery 2012; 153:44-51. [PMID: 22862904 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in healing of traumatic-induced injury remains poorly understood. Mesenteric lymph duct ligation (LDL) results in decreased BMDC mobilization and impaired healing. We hypothesized that LDL-mediated impaired healing would be abrogated by reinjection of BMDC or MSC. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to LDL + lung contusion (LC+LDL) with or without injection of BMDCs or MSCs. Unmanipulated control (UC) and lung contusion alone (LC) served as controls. BMDC and MSC homing was assessed by hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC [granulocyte-, erythrocyte-, monocyte-, and megakaryocyte colony-forming units; erythroid burst-forming units; and erythroid colony-forming units]) colony growth and immunofluorescent microscopic tracking of tagged MSC, respectively. Histologic lung injury score (LIS) was used to grade injury. Data are mean ± SD. *P < .05/Student t test. RESULTS Lung HPC growth was decreased in LC+LDL versus LC alone (HPC colonies: 2 ± 2, 4 ± 3, 4 ± 2 vs. 11 ± 2, 20 ± 6, 22 ± 9. *P < .05). LC+LDL had greater degree of lung injury on days 5 and 7 LC alone (LIS: 5 ± 1, 4 ± 1 vs. 3 ± 1, 1 ± 0.4. *P < .05). BMDC injection into rats with LC + LDL increased lung HPC growth to LC level (HPC colonies: 12 ± 2, 19 ± 5, 17 ± 4 vs 11 ± 2, 20 ± 6, 22 ± 9. P > .05). Injected MSCs into LC+LDL rats homed preferentially to contused versus noncontused lung (MSC/high-powered field: 6 ± 4 vs. 2 ± 2 *P < .05). Either BMDC or MSC injection into LC+LDL rats returned lung injury to LC level on day 7 (LIS: 1 ± 0.4 and 1 ± 1 vs. 1 ± 0.4. P > .05). CONCLUSION LDL-mediated impaired tissue healing is abrogated by either whole BMDC or MSC injection. This highlights the critical role of BMDC and MSC on healing of trauma-induced injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Hannoush
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, 150 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|