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Zhou ZY, Ma J, Zhao WR, Shi WT, Zhang J, Hu YY, Yue MY, Zhou WL, Yan H, Tang JY, Wang Y. Qiangxinyin formula protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155717. [PMID: 38810550 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease and characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrosis. The traditional Chinese medicine formula Qiangxinyin (QXY) is effective for the treatment of heart failure while the underlying mechanism is not clear. This study aims to identify the active ingredients of QXY and explore its mechanisms protecting against cardiac hypertrophy. We found that QXY significantly protected against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in zebrafish. Eight compounds, including benzoylmesaconine (BMA), atractylenolide I (ATL I), icariin (ICA), quercitrin (QUE), psoralen (PRN), kaempferol (KMP), ferulic acid (FA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA) were identified from QXY. PRN, KMP and icaritin (ICT), an active pharmaceutical ingredient of ICA, prevented ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in zebrafish. In H9c2 cardiomyocyte treated with ISO, QXY significantly blocked the calcium influx, reduced intracellular lipid peroxidative product MDA, stimulated ATP production and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. QXY also inhibited ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cytoskeleton reorganization. Mechanistically, QXY enhanced the phosphorylation of Smad family member 2 (SMAD2) and myosin phosphatase target subunit-1 (MYPT1), and suppressed the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC). In conclusion, PRN, KMP and ICA are the main active ingredients of QXY that protect against ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction largely via the blockage of calcium influx and inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction as well as cytoskeleton reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Yan Yue
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Long Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions of China.
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Zhou X, Li J, Quan S, Zhang X, Gu L, Hu M, Huang W, Li Q. Andrographolide Improves ApoE4-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Injury by Alleviating Inflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04088-6. [PMID: 38448724 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The pathological and physiological studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been in-depth, and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) has been proven to be highly correlated with AD, and clinical and experimental data show that ApoE4 can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, and the change of BBB permeability is an important factor affecting the development of AD. Andrographolide (Andro), as the active component of the natural plant Andrographis paniculata, has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which have potential neuroprotective effects. To verify the protective effect of Andro on BBB in a short term, our research group used atorvastatin (Atorva)-mediated zebrafish brain injury model and the ApoE4-mediated cell co-culture model of BBB injury to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of Andro on BBB injury. Studies have shown that Andro can inhibit the activation of CypA/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway and has achieved the effect of antagonizing the inhibition of ApoE4 on intercellular tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1). At the same time, Andro can inhibit the secretion of cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) in cells, thereby delaying the occurrence and progression of neuroinflammation and playing a protective role in BBB. In conclusion, Andro is a potent natural product which can protect the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Shengli Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Lili Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China.
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Gong G, Kam H, Bai Y, Cheang WS, Wu S, Cheng X, Giesy JP, Lee SMY. 6-benzylaminopurine causes endothelial dysfunctions to human umbilical vein endothelial cells and exacerbates atorvastatin-induced cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1258-1268. [PMID: 37929299 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), a multifunctional plant growth regulator, which is frequently used worldwide to improve qualities of various crops, is an important ingredient in production of "toxic bean sprouts." Although there is no direct evidence of adverse effects, its hazardous effects, as well as joint toxicity with other chemicals, have received particular attention and aroused furious debate between proponents and environmental regulators. By use of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), adverse effects of 6-BA to human-derived cells were first demonstrated in this study. A total of 25-50 mg 6-BA/L inhibited proliferation, migration, and formation of tubular-like structures by 50% in vitro. Results of Western blot analyses revealed that exposure to 6-BA differentially modulated the MAPK signal transduction pathway in HUVECs. Specifically, 6-BA decreased phosphorylation of MEK and ERK, but increased phosphorylation of JNK and P38. In addition, 6-BA exacerbated atorvastatin-induced cerebral hemorrhage via increasing hemorrhagic occurrence by 60% and areas by 4 times in zebrafish larvae. In summary, 6-BA elicited toxicity to the endothelial system of HUVECs and zebrafish. This was due, at least in part, to discoordination of MAPK signaling pathway, which should pose potential risks to the cerebral vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyi Gong
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hiotong Kam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yubin Bai
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shuilong Wu
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoning Cheng
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States
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Liang EY, Huang MH, Chen YT, Zhang PW, Shen Y, Tu XX, Chen WY, Wang Y, Yan J, Wang HY, Ke PF, Huang XZ. Tanshinone IIA modulates cancer cell morphology and movement via Rho GTPases-mediated actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116839. [PMID: 38290667 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Actin filaments form unique structures with robust actin bundles and cytoskeletal networks affixed to the extracellular matrix and interact with neighboring cells, which are crucial structures for cancer cells to acquire a motile phenotype. This study aims to investigate a novel antitumor mechanism by which Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) modulates the morphology and migration of liver cancer cells via actin cytoskeleton regulation. 97H and Huh7 exhibited numerous tentacle-like protrusions that interacted with neighboring cells. Following treatment with Tan IIA, 97H and Huh7 showed a complete absence of cytoplasmic protrusion and adherens junctions, thereby effectively impeding their migration capability. The fluorescence staining of F-actin and microtubules indicated that these tentacle-like protrusions and cell-cell networks were actin-based structures that led to morphological changes after Tan IIA treatment by retracting and reorganizing beneath the membrane. Tan IIA can reverse the actin depolymerization and cell morphology alterations induced by latrunculin A. Tan IIA down-regulated actin and Rho GTPases expression significantly, as opposed to inducing Rho signaling activation. Preventing the activity of proteasomes and lysosomes had no discernible impact on the modifications in cellular structure and protein expression induced by Tan IIA. However, as demonstrated by the puromycin labeling technique, the newly synthesized proteins were significantly inhibited by Tan IIA. In conclusion, Tan IIA can induce dramatic actin cytoskeleton remodeling by inhibiting the protein synthesis of actin and Rho GTPases, resulting in the suppression of tumor growth and migration. Targeting the actin cytoskeleton of Tan IIA is a promising strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Yu Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-He Huang
- Affiliated Guangdong Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Nanhai, China
| | - Ying-Ting Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Wei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ye Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Feng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Zhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhou ZY, Shi WT, Zhang J, Zhao WR, Xiao Y, Zhang KY, Ma J, Tang JY, Wang Y. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate protects against hyperhomocysteine-induced vascular endothelial injury via activation of NNMT/SIRT1-mediated NRF2/HO-1 and AKT/MAPKs signaling in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114137. [PMID: 36525817 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is one of the independent risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) is a hydrophilic derivate of tanshinone IIA which is the main active constitute of Chinese Materia Medica Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and exhibits multiple pharmacological activities. However, whether STS could prevent from Hcy-induced endothelial cell injury is unknown. We found that STS dramatically reversed Hcy-induced cell death concentration dependently in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). STS ameliorated the endothelial cell cycle progression, proliferation and cell migratory function impaired by Hcy, which might be co-related to the inhibition of intracellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. STS also elevated the phosphorylation of AKT and MAPKs and protein expression of sirtuin1 (SIRT1), NRF2 and HO-1 which were suppressed by Hcy. The protective effect of STS against Hcy-induced endothelial cell toxicity was partially attenuated by PI3K, AKT, MEK, ERK, SIRT1, NRF2 and HO-1 inhibitors. Besides, knockdown of SIRT1 by its siRNA dramatically decreased the endothelial protective effect of STS accompanied with suppression of SIRT1, NRF2, HO-1 and phosphorylated AKT. The activation of AKT or NRF2 partially reversed SIRT1-knockdown impaired cyto-protective effect of STS against Hcy-induced cell injury. Furthermore, STS prevented from Hcy-induced intracellular nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) reduction along with elevation of intracellular methylnicotinamide (MNA), and MNA enhanced STS protecting against Hcy induced endothelial death. Knockdown of NNMT reduced the protective effect of STS against Hcy induced endothelial cell injury. Collectively, STS presented potent endothelial protective effect against Hcy and the underlying molecular mechanisms were involved in the suppression of intracellular oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction by activation of AKT/MAPKs, SIRT1/NRF2/HO-1 and NNMT/MNA signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Xiao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kai-Yu Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Li Y, Jin D, Fan Y, Zhang K, Yang T, Zou C, Yin A. Preparation and performance of random- and oriented-fiber membranes with core-shell structures via coaxial electrospinning. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1114034. [PMID: 36698642 PMCID: PMC9868300 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cells and tissue in the human body are orderly and directionally arranged, and constructing an ideal biomimetic extracellular matrix is still a major problem to be solved in tissue engineering. In the field of the bioresorbable vascular grafts, the long-term functional prognosis requires that cells first migrate and grow along the physiological arrangement direction of the vessel itself. Moreover, the graft is required to promote the formation of neointima and the development of the vessel walls while ensuring that the whole repair process does not form a thrombus. In this study, poly (l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) shell layers and polyethylene oxide (PEO) core layers with different microstructures and loaded with sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) were prepared by coaxial electrospinning. The mechanical properties proved that the fiber membranes had good mechanical support, higher than that of the human aorta, as well as great suture retention strengths. The hydrophilicity of the oriented-fiber membranes was greatly improved compared with that of the random-fiber membranes. Furthermore, we investigated the biocompatibility and hemocompatibility of different functional fiber membranes, and the results showed that the oriented-fiber membranes containing sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate had an excellent antiplatelet adhesion effect compared to other fiber membranes. Cytological analysis confirmed that the functional fiber membranes were non-cytotoxic and had significant cell proliferation capacities. The oriented-fiber membranes induced cell growth along the orientation direction. Degradation tests showed that the pH variation range had little change, the material mass was gradually reduced, and the fiber morphology was slowly destroyed. Thus, results indicated the degradation rate of the oriented-fiber graft likely is suitable for the process of new tissue regeneration, while the random-fiber graft with a low degradation rate may cause the material to reside in the tissue for too long, which would impede new tissue reconstitution. In summary, the oriented-functional-fiber membranes possessing core-shell structures with sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate/polyethylene oxide loading could be used as tissue engineering materials for applications such as vascular grafts with good prospects, and their clinical application potential will be further explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhuan Li
- Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology, College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dalai Jin
- Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongyong Fan
- Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology, College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kuihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology, College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology, College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengyu Zou
- Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology, College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anlin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology, College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Anlin Yin,
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Zhang J, Zhao WR, Shi WT, Tan JJ, Zhang KY, Tang JY, Chen XL, Zhou ZY. Tribulus terrestris L. extract ameliorates atherosclerosis by inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in ApoE -/- mice and A7r5 cells via suppression of Akt/MEK/ERK signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115547. [PMID: 35870688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of major threatens of death worldwide, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is an important characteristic in the progression of AS. Tribulus terrestris L. is a well-known Chinese Materia Medica for treating skin pruritus, vertigo and cardiovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its anti-AS activity and inhibition effect on VSMC proliferation are not fully elucidated. AIMS We hypothesize that the furostanol saponins enriched extract (FSEE) of T. terrestris L. presents anti-AS effect by inhibition of VSMC proliferation. The molecular action mechanism underlying the anti-VSMC proliferation effect of FSEE is also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Apolipoprotein-E deficient (ApoE-/-) mice and rat thoracic smooth muscle cell A7r5 were employed as the in vivo and in vitro models respectively to evaluate the anti- AS and VSMC proliferation effects of FSEE. In ApoE-/- mice, the amounts of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in serum were measured by commercially available kits. The size of atherosclerotic plaque was observed by hematoxylin & eosin staining. The protein expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and osteopontin (OPN) in the plaque were examined by immunohistochemistry. In A7r5 cells, the cell viability and proliferation were tested by MTT and Real Time Cell Analysis assays. The cell migration was evaluated by wound healing assay. Propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle progression. The expression of intracellular total and phosphorylated proteins including protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), were detected by western blotting analysis. RESULTS FSEE significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaque in high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice. And FSEE increased the protein expression level of α-SMA and decreased the level of OPN in atherosclerotic plaque, which revealed the inhibition of VSMC phenotype switching and proliferation. In A7r5 cells, FSEE suppressed fetal bovine serum (FBS) or oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-triggered VSMC proliferation and migration in a concentration dependent manner. FSEE protected against the elevation of cell numbers in S phase induced by FBS or oxLDL and the reduction of cell numbers in G0/G1 phase induced by oxLDL. Moreover, the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs including MEK, ERK and JNK could be facilitated by FBS or oxLDL, while co-treatment of FSEE attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt induced by oxLDL as well as the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK induced by FBS. In addition, (25R)-terrestrinin B (JL-6), which was the main ingredient of FSEE, and its potential active pharmaceutical ingredients tigogenin (Tigo) and hecogenin (Heco) also significantly attenuated FBS or oxLDL-induced VSMC proliferation in A7r5 cells. CONCLUSION FSEE presents potent anti- AS and VSMC proliferation activities and the underlying mechanism is likely to the suppression of Akt/MEK/ERK signaling. The active components of FSEE are JL-6 and its potential active pharmaceutical ingredients Tigo and Heco. So, FSEE and its active compounds may be potential therapeutic drug candidates for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun-Jie Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kai-Yu Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Han Y, Ma Y, Tong J, Zhang J, Hu C. Systems assessment of statins hazard: Integrating in silico prediction, developmental toxicity profile and transcriptomics in zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:113981. [PMID: 36029576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Statins are prescribed widely as lipid-lowering agents. However, statins are associated with an increased harmful risk on public health and the ecosystem. Little is known about statins' toxicity on biological development and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We exposed zebrafish embryos to a series of statins to evaluate their development toxicity. Statins-induced embryonic developmental defects in a concentration-dependent manner. 72 h LC50 values for lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pravastatin were 0.01 μM, 0.04 μM, 1.93 μM, 37.28 μM, 79.29 μM, and 2170 μM, respectively. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in heart contraction, calcium ion binding, transcription factors, nucleus, and G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway was altered by statins. The early growth response gene (egr4) and transcription factor genes (fosab and fosb) were screened as potential toxicity targets due to their significant upregulation based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) and drug-gene interaction network analysis. Finally, the ecotoxicity profile of statins was predicted by in silico method, and statins were high or moderate risk to aquatic organisms. We provide a systems toxicology strategy to explore the toxicity of statins and illustrate the potential mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junwei Tong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingpu Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Changqin Hu
- Institute for Chemical Drug Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.
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Targeting Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction Using Tanshinone IIA for the Treatment of Tissue Inflammation and Fibrosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2811789. [PMID: 35432718 PMCID: PMC9010204 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2811789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Burge (Danshen), a member of the Lamiaceae family, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for many centuries as a valuable medicinal herb with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic potential. Several evidence-based reports have suggested that Salvia miltiorrhiza and its components prevent vascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis. Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA), a lipophilic component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has gained attention because of its possible preventive and curative activity against cardiovascular disorders. TanIIA, which possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties, could be a key component in the therapeutic potential of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Vascular diseases are often initiated by endothelial dysfunction, which is accompanied by vascular inflammation and fibrosis. In this review, we summarize how TanIIA suppresses tissue inflammation and fibrosis through signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR/eNOS, TGF-β1/Smad2/3, NF-κB, JNK/SAPK (stress-activated protein kinase)/MAPK, and ERK/Nrf2 pathways. In brief, this review illustrates the therapeutic value of TanIIA in the alleviation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, which are critical components of cardiovascular disorders.
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Ma HH, Wan C, Zhang LD, Zhang RR, Peng D, Qiao LJ, Zhang SJ, Cai YF, Huang HQ. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate improves cognitive impairment via regulating Aβ transportation in AD transgenic mouse model. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:989-1001. [PMID: 35080687 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00911-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a most common neurodegenerative disease. Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate (STS) has been reported to ameliorate AD pathology. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, AD transgenic mouse model (APP/PS1) was used to explore the potential mechanism of STS against AD. Morris water maze and Y-maze tests showed that administration of STS improved learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 mice. STS reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, while improved the activity of superoxide dismutase in both hippocampus and cortex in APP/PS1 mice. STS inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase, while improved the activity of choline acetyltransferase in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, STS elevated the protein expressions of neurotrophic factors and synapse-related proteins in both the hippocampus and cortex in APP/PS1 mice. At last, STS improved the protein expressions of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). These results indicated that the potential mechanism of STS on AD might be related to Aβ transportation function via GLUT1/LRP1 pathway. HIGHLIGHTS: STS improves cognitive impairment of APP/PS1 mice. STS ameliorates the oxidative stress damage and improves the cholinergic system. STS protects against neuronal dysfunction and enhances the synaptic plasticity. STS mediates the Aβ transportation of BMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Han Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Wan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Di Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Peng
- College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jun Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ye-Feng Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hong-Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Duan T, Li L, Yu Y, Li T, Han R, Sun X, Cui Y, Liu T, Wang X, Wang Y, Fan X, Liu Y, Zhang H. Traditional Chinese medicine use in the pathophysiological processes of intracerebral hemorrhage and comparison with conventional therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106200. [PMID: 35367344 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) refers to hemorrhage caused by non-traumatic vascular rupture in the brain parenchyma, which is characterized by acute onset, severe illness, and high mortality and disability. The influx of blood into the brain tissue after cerebrovascular rupture causes severe brain damage, including primary injury caused by persistent hemorrhage and secondary brain injury (SBI) induced by hematoma. The mechanism of brain injury is complicated and is a significant cause of disability after ICH. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanism of brain injury after ICH to develop drugs to prevent and treat ICH. Studies have confirmed that many traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) can reduce brain injury by improving neurotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), blood-brain barrier (BBB), apoptosis, and neurological dysfunction after ICH. Starting from the pathophysiological process of brain injury after ICH, this paper summarizes the mechanisms by which TCM improves cerebral injury after ICH and its comparison with conventional western medicine, so as to provide clues and a reference for the clinical application of TCM in the prevention and treatment of hemorrhagic stroke and further research and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yajun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xingyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Wang MD, Tian J, Zhang JH, Zhao SY, Song MJ, Wang ZX. Human Galectin-7 Gene LGALS7 Promoter Sequence Polymorphisms and Risk of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Prospective Study. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:840340. [PMID: 35401111 PMCID: PMC8984465 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.840340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purposeDespite evidence for the role of genetic factors in stroke, only a small proportion of strokes have been clearly attributed to monogenic factors, due to phenotypic heterogeneity. The goal of this study was to determine whether a significant relationship exists between human galectin-7 gene LGALS7 promoter region polymorphisms and the risk of stroke due to non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).MethodsThis two-stage genetic association study included an initial exploratory stage followed by a discovery stage. During the exploratory stage, transgenic galectin-7 mice or transgenic mice with the scrambled sequence of the hairpin structure –silenced down gene LGALS7—were generated and then expressed differentially expressed proteins and galectin-7-interacting proteins were identified through proteomic analysis. During the discovery stage, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping approach was used to determine associations between 2 LGALS7 SNPs and ICH stroke risk for a cohort of 24 patients with stroke of the Chinese Han population and 70 controls.ResultsDuring the exploratory phase, LGALS7 expression was found to be decreased in TGLGALS–DOWN mice as compared to its expression in TGLGALS mice. During the discovery phase, analysis of LGALS7 sequences of 24 non-traumatic ICH cases and 70 controls led to the identification of 2 ICH susceptibility loci: a genomic region on 19q13.2 containing two LGALS7 SNPs, rs567785577 and rs138945880, whereby the A allele of rs567785577 and the T allele of rs138945880 were associated with greater risk of contracting ICH [for T and A vs. C and G, unadjusted odds ratio (OR) = 13.5; 95% CI = 2.249–146.5; p = 0.002]. This is the first study to genotype the galectin-7 promoter in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. Genotype and allele association tests and preliminary analysis of patients with stroke revealed that a single locus may be a genetic risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke.ConclusionA and T alleles of two novel SNP loci of 19q13.2, rs567785577 and rs138945880, respectively, were evaluated for associations with susceptibility to ICH. Further studies with expanded case numbers that include subjects of other ethnic populations are needed to elucidate mechanisms underlying associations between these SNPs and ICH risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, China National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Beijing, China
| | - John H. Zhang
- Physiology Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Physiology, Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Shun-Ying Zhao
- Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, China National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shun-Ying Zhao,
| | - Ming-Jing Song
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Ming-Jing Song,
| | - Zhan-Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Zhan-Xiang Wang,
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Chen C, Yu LT, Cheng BR, Xu JL, Cai Y, Jin JL, Feng RL, Xie L, Qu XY, Li D, Liu J, Li Y, Cui XY, Lu JJ, Zhou K, Lin Q, Wan J. Promising Therapeutic Candidate for Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: What Are the Possible Mechanisms and Roles of Phytochemicals? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:792592. [PMID: 35252368 PMCID: PMC8893235 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.792592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the most effective reperfusion strategies for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) despite myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, causing one of the causes of most cardiomyocyte injuries and deaths. The pathological processes of myocardial I/R injury include apoptosis, autophagy, and irreversible cell death caused by calcium overload, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Eventually, myocardial I/R injury causes a spike of further cardiomyocyte injury that contributes to final infarct size (IS) and bound with hospitalization of heart failure as well as all-cause mortality within the following 12 months. Therefore, the addition of adjuvant intervention to improve myocardial salvage and cardiac function calls for further investigation. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive bioactive secondary compounds abundantly found in Chinese herbal medicine. Great effort has been put into phytochemicals because they are often in line with the expectations to improve myocardial I/R injury without compromising the clinical efficacy or to even produce synergy. We summarized the previous efforts, briefly outlined the mechanism of myocardial I/R injury, and focused on exploring the cardioprotective effects and potential mechanisms of all phytochemical types that have been investigated under myocardial I/R injury. Phytochemicals deserve to be utilized as promising therapeutic candidates for further development and research on combating myocardial I/R injury. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to provide a better understanding of the mechanism of myocardial I/R injury treatment using phytochemicals and possible side effects associated with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-Ru Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang-Lin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lin Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Li Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Jin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Lin
| | - Jie Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Jie Wan
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Wei L, Mo W, Lan S, Yang H, Huang Z, Liang X, Li L, Xian J, Xie X, Qin Y, Lin F, Luo Z. GLP-1 RA Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Protecting the Blood-Retinal Barrier through GLP-1R-ROCK-p-MLC Signaling Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:1861940. [PMID: 36387940 PMCID: PMC9649324 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1861940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are common clinical agents that are clinically protective against diabetic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). Previous studies have shown that the RhoA/ROCK pathway plays an important role in the development of DR. However, the specific mechanism of action between GLP-1RA and DR remains unclear. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the main mechanism involved in the protective effect of GLP-1RA on DR. METHODS Type 2 diabetic mice were fed a high-sugar, high-fat diet. Changes in the retinal structure were observed via HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of retinal GLP-1R, blood-retinal barrier- (BRB-) related proteins, inflammatory factors, and related pathway proteins were studied via Western blot or immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS GLP-1RA treatment reduced the blood glucose and lipid levels as well as the body weight of the diabetic mice while also improving retinal thickness, morphology, and vascular ultrastructure. Moreover, restored GLP-1R expression, increased Occludin and ZO-1 levels, and decreased albumin expression led to reduced retinal leakage and improved the BRB by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway. CONCLUSIONS We found that the protective effect of GLP-1RA on the retina may be realized through the GLP-1R-ROCK-p-MLC signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liufeng Wei
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Weiwei Mo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
- Department of Renal Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 1 Liushi Road, Liuzhou, 545000 Guangxi, China
| | - Shanshan Lan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenxing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Xinghuan Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Xian
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Xuemei Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Yingfen Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Faquan Lin
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
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Lu D, Ma R, Xie Q, Xu Z, Yuan J, Ren M, Li J, Li Y, Wang J. Application and advantages of zebrafish model in the study of neurovascular unit. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174483. [PMID: 34481878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The concept of "Neurovascular Unit" (NVU) was put forward, so that the research goal of Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases gradually transitioned from a single neuron to the structural and functional integrity of the NVU. Zebrafish has the advantages of high homology with human genes, strong reproductive capacity and visualization of neural circuits, so it has become an emerging model organism for NVU research and has been applied to a variety of CNS diseases. Based on CNKI (https://www.cnki.net/) and PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/) databases, the author of this article sorted out the relevant literature, analyzed the construction of a zebrafish model of various CNS diseases,and the use of diagrams showed the application of zebrafish in the NVU, revealed its relationship, which would provide new methods and references for the treatment and research of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jianmei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mihong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Chen P, An Q, Huang Y, Zhang M, Mao S. Prevention of endotoxin-induced cardiomyopathy using sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate: Involvement of augmented autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome suppression. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 909:174438. [PMID: 34437885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that patients or experimental animals exposure to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) exert deleterious cardiac functions that greatly contribute to morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiologic processes, including NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation and cardiac inflammatory injury, are complicated. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, is a naturally occurring compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza and has anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. In this study we examined the effect of STS on endotoxin-induced cardiomyopathy and investigated the underlying mechanisms. An endotoxemic mouse model was established by injecting LPS (10 mg/kg). Different doses of STS were administered intraperitoneally (5, 10, or 50 mg/kg) at different time points (2/12 h, 4/12 h, and 8/12 h) after LPS challenge to assess its effect on survival of mice with endotoxemia. In parallel, cardiac function, myocardial inflammatory cytokines, cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and autophagy were evaluated to determine the extent of myocardial damage due to sepsis in the presence and absence of STS at the optimal dose (10 mg/kg) and time-point (2/12 h). The results demonstrated that STS increased the survival rates, improved the compromised cardiac function and reduced myocardial inflammatory injury associated with enhanced autophagy and mitigated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, inhibiting of autophagy or blocking the AMPK pathway reversed STS-elicited prevention of cardiomyopathy and activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in endotoxemic mice. Collectively, our study demonstrates that STS attenuates endotoxemia-induced mortality and cardiomyopathy, which may be associated with promotion of autophagy and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Chen
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiyuan An
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Xu J, Zhang P, Chen Y, Xu Y, Luan P, Zhu Y, Zhang J. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury through regulation of angiogenesis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1122. [PMID: 34504576 PMCID: PMC8383733 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling and neuroprotection are two major adaptable methods for treating ischemic stroke. Edaravone is a protective agent for the treatment of stroke and was used as a positive control in the present study. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) has demonstrated therapeutic clinical effects in cerebral infarction in China, while its mechanisms of action in ischemic stroke have remained elusive. The angiogenesis and neuroprotective effects of STS were evaluated in a rat model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion and 3 days of reperfusion. When used at the same dose, the magnitude of the therapeutic effect of STS was similar to that of edaravone in terms of decreased blood-brain barrier damage as indicated by reduced Evans blue leakage, improved neurological deficits, alleviated cerebral edema and inhibition of histopathological changes caused by ischemia/reperfusion. The TUNEL assay demonstrated that the ability of STS to inhibit neuronal apoptosis was equivalent to that of edaravone. Immunofluorescence detection of CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin indicated that the vascular density was significantly reduced in the vehicle group compared with that in the sham operation group, STS increased the microvessel density in the ischemic area. Furthermore, in the vehicle group the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR) as determined by fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry was significantly reduced compared with that in the sham group. However, STS promoted their expression compared to the vehicle group respectively, and increaed the mRNA expression of VEGF, VEGFR, CD31 and angiopoietin-1 as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, but these changes were not significant or not present for edaravone apart from Ang-1. In conclusion, STS protected against ischemic brain injury by promoting angiogenesis in ischemic areas and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. These results provide a potential treatment for stroke recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Xu
- Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yulan Xu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Pengwei Luan
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Zhu
- Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jiange Zhang
- Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Yang W, Wang W, Jing L, Chen SL. Label-free photoacoustic microscopy: a potential tool for the live imaging of blood disorders in zebrafish. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:3643-3657. [PMID: 34221685 PMCID: PMC8221952 DOI: 10.1364/boe.425994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish has emerged as a useful model for human hematological disorders. Transgenic zebrafish that express green fluorescence protein (GFP) in red blood cells (RBCs) visualized by fluorescence microscopy (FLM) is a fundamental approach in such studies to understand the cellular processes and biological functions. However, additional and cumbersome efforts are required to breed a transgenic zebrafish line with reliable GFP expression. Further, the yolk autofluorescence and finite GFP fluorescence lifetimes also have an adverse impact on the observation of target signals. Here, we investigate the identification of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and hemolytic anemia (HA) in zebrafish embryos using label-free photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) for imaging. First, ICH and HA in transgenic LCR-EGFP zebrafish are mainly studied by PAM and FLM. The results show that PAM is comparable to FLM in good identification of ICH and HA. Besides, PAM is more advantageous in circumventing the issue of autofluorescence. Secondly, ICH and HA in the transparent casper zebrafish without fluorescent labeling are imaged by PAM and bright-field microscopy (BFM). Because of the high contrast to reveal RBCs, PAM obviously outperforms BFM in the identification of both ICH and HA. Note that FLM cannot observe casper zebrafish due to its lack of fluorescent labeling. Our work proves that PAM can be a useful tool to study blood disorders in zebrafish, which has advantages: (i) Reliable results enabled by intrinsic absorption of RBCs; (ii) wide applicability to zebrafish strains (no requirement of a transgene); (iii) high sensitivity in identification of ICH and HA compared with BFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Yang
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Lili Jing
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Sung-Liang Chen
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wang D, Hu G, Wang J, Yan D, Wang M, Yang L, Serikuly N, Alpyshov E, Demin KA, Galstyan DS, Amstislavskaya TG, de Abreu MS, Kalueff AV. Studying CNS effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine using zebrafish models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113383. [PMID: 32918992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Although Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a millennia-long history of treating human brain disorders, its complex multi-target mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Animal models are currently widely used to probe the effects of various TCMs on brain and behavior. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has recently emerged as a novel vertebrate model organism for neuroscience research, and is increasingly applied for CNS drug screening and development. AIM OF THE STUDY As zebrafish models are only beginning to be applied to studying TCM, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the TCM effects on brain and behavior in this fish model species. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of published literature was conducted using biomedical databases (Web of Science, Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Internet, CNKI), with key search words zebrafish, brain, Traditional Chinese Medicine, herbs, CNS, behavior. RESULTS We recognize the developing utility of zebrafish for studying TCM, as well as outline the existing model limitations, problems and challenges, as well as future directions of research in this field. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the growing value of zebrafish models for studying TCM, aiming to improve our understanding of TCM' therapeutic mechanisms and potential in treating brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guojun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongni Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - LongEn Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nazar Serikuly
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Erik Alpyshov
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - David S Galstyan
- Granov Russian Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia; Zelman Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Tribulus terrestris L. Extract Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophage and Zebrafish via Inhibition of Akt/MAPKs and NF- κB/iNOS-NO Signaling Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6628561. [PMID: 33628304 PMCID: PMC7895590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6628561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation response is a regulated cellular process and excessive inflammation has been recognized in numerous diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Tribulus terrestris L. (TT), also known as Bai Jili in Chinese, has been applied in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years while its anti-inflammatory activity and underlying mechanism are not fully elucidated. Here, we hypothesize Tribulus terrestris L. extract (BJL) which presents anti-inflammatory effect, and the action mechanism was also investigated. We employed the transgenic zebrafish line Tg(MPO:GFP), which expresses green fluorescence protein (GFP) in neutrophils, and mice macrophage RAW 264.7 cells as the in vivo and in vitro model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of BJL, respectively. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by Griess reagent. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured by real-time PCR, and the intracellular total or phosphorylated protein levels of NF-κB, Akt, and MAPKs including MEK, ERK, p38, and JNK were detected by western blot. We found that BJL significantly inhibited fin transection or lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced neutrophil migration and aggregation in zebrafish in vivo. In mice macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, BJL ameliorated LPS-triggered excessive release of NO and transcription of inflammatory cytokine genes including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). BJL also reduced the LPS-induced elevations of intracellular iNOS and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) which mediate the cellular NO and inflammatory cytokine productions, respectively. Moreover, LPS dramatically increased the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs including MEK, ERK, p38, and JNK in RAW 264.7 cells, while cotreatment BJL with LPS suppressed their phosphorylation. Taken together, our data suggested that BJL presented potent anti-inflammatory effect and the underlying mechanism was closely related to the inhibition of Akt/MAPKs and NF-κB/iNOS-NO signaling pathways.
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21
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Feng J, Liu L, Yao F, Zhou D, He Y, Wang J. The protective effect of tanshinone IIa on endothelial cells: a generalist among clinical therapeutics. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:239-248. [PMID: 33463381 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1878877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tanshinone IIa (TSA) has been approved to treat cardiovascular diseases by the China State Food and Drug Administration. TSA has exhibited a variety of pharmacological effects, including vasodilator, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Endothelial cells play an important physiological role in vascular homeostasis and control inflammation, coagulation, and thrombosis. Accumulating studies have shown that TSA can improve endothelial function through various pathways. AREAS COVERED The PubMed database was reviewed for relevant papers published up to 2020. This review summarizes the current clinical and pharmaceutical studies to provide a systemic overview of the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of TSA on endothelial cells. EXPERT OPINION TSA is a representative monomeric compound extracted from Danshen and it exhibits significant pharmacological and therapeutic properties to improve endothelial cell function, including alleviating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory injury, modulating ion channels and so on. TSA represents a spectrum of agents that are extracted from plants and can restore the endothelial function to establish the beneficial and harmless molecular therapeutics. This also suggests the possible detection of endothelial cells for very early diagnosis of diseases. In future, precise therapeutic methods will be developed to repair endothelial cells injury and recover endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfang Yao
- Department of Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Daixing Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junshuai Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Intracisternal administration of tanshinone IIA-loaded nanoparticles leads to reduced tissue injury and functional deficits in a porcine model of ischemic stroke. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:18-30. [PMID: 33842909 PMCID: PMC8019951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The absolute number of new stroke patients is annually increasing and there still remains only a few Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatments with significant limitations available to patients. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a promising potential therapeutic for ischemic stroke that has shown success in pre-clinical rodent studies but lead to inconsistent efficacy results in human patients. The physical properties of Tan-IIA, including short half-life and low solubility, suggests that Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle-assisted delivery may lead to improve bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. The objective of this study was to develop Tan IIA-loaded nanoparticles (Tan IIA-NPs) and to evaluate their therapeutic effects on cerebral pathological changes and consequent motor function deficits in a pig ischemic stroke model. Results Tan IIA-NP treated neural stem cells showed a reduction in SOD activity in in vitro assays demonstrating antioxidative effects. Ischemic stroke pigs treated with Tan IIA-NPs showed reduced hemispheric swelling when compared to vehicle only treated pigs (7.85 ± 1.41 vs. 16.83 ± 0.62%), consequent midline shift (MLS) (1.72 ± 0.07 vs. 2.91 ± 0.36 mm), and ischemic lesion volumes (9.54 ± 5.06 vs. 12.01 ± 0.17 cm3) when compared to vehicle-only treated pigs. Treatment also lead to lower reductions in diffusivity (-37.30 ± 3.67 vs. -46.33 ± 0.73%) and white matter integrity (-19.66 ± 5.58 vs. -30.11 ± 1.19%) as well as reduced hemorrhage (0.85 ± 0.15 vs 2.91 ± 0.84 cm3) 24 h post-ischemic stroke. In addition, Tan IIA-NPs led to a reduced percentage of circulating band neutrophils at 12 (7.75 ± 1.93 vs. 14.00 ± 1.73%) and 24 (4.25 ± 0.48 vs 5.75 ± 0.85%) hours post-stroke suggesting a mitigated inflammatory response. Moreover, spatiotemporal gait deficits including cadence, cycle time, step time, swing percent of cycle, stride length, and changes in relative mean pressure were less severe post-stroke in Tan IIA-NP treated pigs relative to control pigs. Conclusion The findings of this proof of concept study strongly suggest that administration of Tan IIA-NPs in the acute phase post-stroke mitigates neural injury likely through limiting free radical formation, thus leading to less severe gait deficits in a translational pig ischemic stroke model. With stroke as one of the leading causes of functional disability in the United States, and gait deficits being a major component, these promising results suggest that acute Tan IIA-NP administration may improve functional outcomes and the quality of life of many future stroke patients.
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Key Words
- ADC, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AU, arbitrary units
- BBB, blood brain barrier
- Baic, Baicalin
- CNS, central nervous system
- CSF, cerebral spinal fluid
- DAMPS, damaged-associated molecular patterns
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- DTI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging
- DWI, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
- Edar, Edaravone
- FA, fractional anisotropy
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid
- GM, gray matter
- IC, inhibitory concentration
- ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IM, intramuscular
- Ischemic stroke
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MCA, middle cerebral artery
- MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion
- MLS, midline shift
- NP, nanoparticle
- NSCs, neural stem cells
- Nanomedicine
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PEG–PLGA, polyethyleneglycol–polylactic-co-glycolic acid
- PLGA nanoparticle
- PLGA, Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PLGA-b-PEG-OH, poly (lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly (ethylene glycol)-maleimide
- Pig stroke model
- Piog, Pioglitazone
- Puer, Puerarin
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Resv, Resveratrol
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- STAIR, Stroke Therapy Academic and Industry Roundtable
- T2*, T2Star
- T2FLAIR, T2 Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery
- T2W, T2Weighted
- TD, transdermal
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α
- Tan IIA, Tanshinone IIA
- Tan IIA-NPs, Tan IIA PLGA NPs
- Tan IIA-NPs, Tan IIA-loaded nanoparticles
- Tanshinone IIA
- UGA, University of Georgia
- WM, white matter
- ddH2O, double-distilled water
- tPA, Tissue plasminogen activator
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Wang AK, Geng T, Jiang W, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Chen PD, Shan MQ, Zhang M, Tang YP, Ding AW, Zhang L. Simultaneous determination of twelve quinones from Rubiae radix et Rhizoma before and after carbonization processing by UPLC-MS/MS and their antithrombotic effect on zebrafish. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhou ZY, Zhao WR, Xiao Y, Zhang J, Tang JY, Lee SMY. Mechanism Study of the Protective Effects of Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Against Atorvastatin-Induced Cerebral Hemorrhage in Zebrafish: Transcriptome Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:551745. [PMID: 33123006 PMCID: PMC7567336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.551745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhage stroke is a severe vascular disease of the brain with a high mortality rate in humans. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) is a well-known Chinese Materia Medica for treating cerebral vascular and cardiovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) is a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, which is the main active ingredient of Danshen. In our previous study, we established a zebrafish model of cerebral hemorrhage and found that STS dramatically decreased both the hemorrhage rate and hemorrhage area, although the underlying mechanism was not fully elucidated. We conducted a transcriptome analysis of the protective effect of STS against atorvastatin (Ator)-induced cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish using RNA-seq technology. RNA-seq revealed 207 DEGs between the Ator-treated group and control group; the expression levels of 53 DEGs between the Ator-treated group and control group were reversed between the STS + Ator-treated group and Ator-treated group. GO enrichment analysis indicated that these 53 DEGs encode proteins with roles in hemoglobin complexes, oxygen carrier activity and oxygen binding, etc. KEGG analysis suggested that these 53 DEGs were most enriched in three items, namely, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, ferroptosis, and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. The PPI network analysis identified 12 hub genes, and we further verified that Ator elevated the mRNA expression levels of hemoglobin (hbae1.3, hbae3, hbae5, hbbe2, and hbbe3), carbonic anhydrase (cahz), HIF-1 (hif1al2) and Na+/H+ exchanger (slc4a1a and slc9a1) genes, while STS significantly suppressed these genes. In addition, we found that pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/Akt, MAPKs, and mTOR signaling pathways by specific inhibitors partially attenuated the protective effect of STS against Ator-induced cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish, regardless of mTOR inhibition. We concluded that hemoglobin, carbonic anhydrase, Na+/H+ exchanger and HIF-1 genes might be potential biomarkers of Ator-induced cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish, as well as pharmacological targets of STS. Moreover, HIF-1 and its regulators, i.e., the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, were involved in the protective effect of STS against Ator-induced cerebral hemorrhage. This study also provided evidence of biomarkers involved in hemorrhage stroke and improved understanding of the effects of HMG-COA reductase inhibition on vascular permeability and cerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Fan J, Zhao XH, Li TJ. Heat treatment of galangin and kaempferol inhibits their benefits to improve barrier function in rat intestinal epithelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 87:108517. [PMID: 33011286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonols are bioactive substances in plant foods. In this study, two flavonols galangin and kaempferol were heated at 100°C for 30 min prior to assessing their effects on barrier function of rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells. Both heated and unheated flavonols (2.5-20 µmol/L dosages) were nontoxic to the cells up to 48 h post-treatment, and could promote cell viability values to 102.2-141.2% of control. By treatment with 5 µmol/L flavonols for 24 and 48 h, the treated cells time-dependently showed better improved physical and biological barrier functions than the control cells without any flavonol treatment, including higher transepithelial electrical resistance and antibacterial effect but reduced paracellular permeability and bacterial translocation. The results from real-time PCR and western-blot assays indicated that the cells treated with heated and unheated flavonols of 5 µmol/L dosage had up-regulated mRNA (1.13-1.81 folds) and protein (1.15-5.11 folds) expression for zonula occluden-1, occludin, and claudin-1 that are vital to the tight junctions of the cells. Moreover, protein expression of RhoA and ROCK were down-regulated into 0.41-0.98 and 0.40-0.92 folds, respectively, demonstrating a Rho inactivation that led to enhanced cell barrier integrity via the RhoA/ROCK pathway. Overall, galangin was more active than kaempferol to perform three biofunctions like improving cell barrier function, up-regulating tight junctions protein expression, and down-regulating RhoA/ROCK expression. Moreover, the heated flavonols were less effective than the unheated counterparts to perform these biofunctions. It is concluded that this heat treatment of galangin and kaempferol could inhibit their benefits to improve barrier function of IEC-6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, PR China.
| | - Tie-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, PR China.
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Gong Y, Liu YC, Ding XL, Fu Y, Cui LJ, Yan YP. Tanshinone IIA Ameliorates CNS Autoimmunity by Promoting the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:690-703. [PMID: 31845175 PMCID: PMC7283442 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TSA), an important natural lipophilic diterpene compound from the traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has long been widely used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases because of its anti-inflammatory activities; however, the anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unknown. In the present work, we examined the effects of TSA on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of autoreactive T/B cell-mediated central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity. The data showed that TSA significantly attenuates the severity of EAE when administered at the pre-onset and peak of clinical disease. In vivo, the protective effects of TSA on EAE mice are correlated with diminished inflammatory infiltration, demyelination, and GM-CSF-producing CD4+ T cells in the spinal cord and selectively increased regulatory T (Treg) cell frequencies in both the spinal cord and spleen. We further confirm that TSA can promote the polarization of naïve CD4+ T cells into Treg cells both by targeting dendritic cells (DCs) to drive transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) upregulation and by directly targeting naïve CD4+ T cells in vitro. Most importantly, we showed that TSA-induced Treg cells display an effective suppressive activity at a level comparable to TGF-β1-polarized Treg Cells in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our data provide evidence that TSA can promote Treg cell differentiation, and TSA may have a promising application as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yuan-Chu Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ding
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Lang-Jun Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
- , Xi'an, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
- , Xi'an, China.
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Cen J, Feng L, Ke H, Bao L, Li LZ, Tanaka Y, Weng J, Su L. Exosomal Thrombospondin-1 Disrupts the Integrity of Endothelial Intercellular Junctions to Facilitate Breast Cancer Cell Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121946. [PMID: 31817450 PMCID: PMC6966578 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transendothelial migration of malignant cells plays an essential role in tumor progression and metastasis. The present study revealed that treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with exosomes derived from metastatic breast cancer cells increased the number of cancer cells migrating through the endothelial cell layer and impaired the tube formation of HUVECs. Furthermore, the expression of intercellular junction proteins, including vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and zona occluden-1 (ZO-1), was reduced significantly in HUVECs treated with carcinoma-derived exosomes. Proteomic analyses revealed that thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) was highly expressed in breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231-derived exosomes. Treating HUVECs with TSP1-enriched exosomes similarly promoted the transendothelial migration of malignant cells and decreased the expression of intercellular junction proteins. TSP1-down regulation abolished the effects of exosomes on HUVECs. The migration of breast cancer cells was markedly increased in a zebrafish in vivo model injected with TSP1-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Taken together, these results suggest that carcinoma-derived exosomal TSP1 facilitated the transendothelial migration of breast cancer cells via disrupting the intercellular integrity of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Cen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.C.); (L.F.); (H.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Lingyun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.C.); (L.F.); (H.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Huichuan Ke
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.C.); (L.F.); (H.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Lifeng Bao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.C.); (L.F.); (H.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Lin Z. Li
- Department of Radiology and Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan;
| | - Jun Weng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.C.); (L.F.); (H.K.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (L.S.); Tel.: +86-2787792072 (J.W. & L.S.)
| | - Li Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.C.); (L.F.); (H.K.); (L.B.)
- Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518063, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (L.S.); Tel.: +86-2787792072 (J.W. & L.S.)
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Zhou ZY, Zhao WR, Zhang J, Chen XL, Tang JY. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate: A review of pharmacological activity and pharmacokinetics. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109362. [PMID: 31545252 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) is a water-soluble derivate of tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) which is an active lipophilic constitute of Chinese Materia Medica Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen). STS presents multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis, and has been approved for treatment of cardiovascular diseases by China State Food and Drug Administration (CFDA). In this review, we comprehensively summarized the pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetics of STS, which could support the further application and development of STS. In the recent decades, numerous experimental and clinical studies have been conducted to investigate the potential treatment effects of STS in various diseases, such as heart diseases, brain diseases, pulmonary diseases, cancers, sepsis and so on. The underlying mechanisms were most related to anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of STS via regulating various transcription factors, such as NF-κB, Nrf2, Stat1/3, Smad2/3, Hif-1α and β-catenin. Iron channels, including Ca2+, K+ and Cl- channels, were also the important targets of STS. Additionally, we emphasized the differences between STS and Tan IIA despite the interchangeable use of Tan IIA and STS in many previous studies. It is promising to improve the efficacy and reduce side effects of chemotherapeutic drug by the combination use of STS in canner treatment. The application of STS in pregnancy needs to be seriously considered. Moreover, the drug-drug interactions between STS and other drugs needs to be further studied as well as the complications of STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Wang Z, Li J, Zhang J, Xie X. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:370-378. [PMID: 31132732 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to determine the effects of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) on proliferation, migration, invasion, and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-HFLSs). Firstly, results demonstrated STS reduced proliferation, migration, invasion in HFLSs. Also, we found that STS could alleviate the reorganizations of F-actin cytoskeleton in TNF-α-treated HFLSs. In addition, STS decreased the production of IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-1, and MMP-3 in TNF-α-treated RA-HFLSs. Further study showed that STS blocked MAPK/NF-κB activations in TNF-α-stimulated RA-HFLSs. Moreover, we illustrated that STS could alleviate rheumatoid arthritis progression and prevent inflammation damage in joint tissues of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Taken together, this study suggested that STS inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and inflammation of RA-HFLSs by blocking MAPK/NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the People's Republic of China.
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Methamphetamine reduces expressions of tight junction proteins, rearranges F-actin cytoskeleton and increases the blood brain barrier permeability via the RhoA/ROCK-dependent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 509:395-401. [PMID: 30594393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant with severe neurotoxicity, which is related to an increase of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. However, the exact mechanisms have not been fully illuminated. In the present study, male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with METH or saline with 8 injections (i.p.) at 12-h intervals and sacrificed 24 h after the last METH injection. To evaluate BBB permeability, 6 rats were administered with Evans blue (EB) by tail vein injection 1 h prior to sacrifice. EB levels significantly increased in both left and right frontal lobes in METH-treated rats, suggesting increase of BBB permeability, which was proved by the rearrangement of F-actin cytoskeleton and decreased expressions of tight junction (TJ) proteins in hippocampus. Over-expressions of RhoA, ROCK, myosin light chain (MLC), cofilin, phosphorylation (p)-MLC, p-cofilin and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were observed, indicating activated RhoA/ROCK pathway. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMECs) were isolated and treated with inhibitors of RhoA and ROCK followed by METH. Pretreatments of the inhibitors significantly decreased expressions of RhoA, ROCK, MLC, cofilin, p-MLC and p-cofilin, increased expressions of TJ proteins, suppressed F-actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and reduced the permeability of RBMECs. These results suggested that METH increased BBB permeability through activating the RhoA/ROCK pathway, which resulted in F-actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and down-regulation of TJ proteins.
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