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Lee G, Ahn H, Lee E, Lee GS. The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Trained Immunity. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:210. [PMID: 37796716 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytosolic multi-protein complexes that play an important role in the innate immune system, inducing cytokine maturation and pyroptosis. Trained immunity is the induction of memory in innate immune cells by epigenetic reprogramming due to repeated inflammatory stimuli that alter the inflammatory response and increase resistance to infection or disease. Although it is speculated that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD), leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes respond to various inflammatory stimuli and are associated with trained immunity, the exact relationship is still unclear. This paper aims to introduce data from recent research on the role of inflammasomes in trained immunity through cellular immunometabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. It also suggests a new therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases through the complementary regulation of inflammasomes and trained immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilyoung Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijeong Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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2
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Yang Z, Pan X, Wu X, Lin Q, Chen Y, Cai S, Zhang Y, Mai Z, Ahmad N, Ma D, Deng L. TREM-1 induces pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes by activating NLRP3 inflammasome through the SMC4/NEMO pathway. FEBS J 2023; 290:1549-1562. [PMID: 36181338 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis often causes cell death via pyroptosis and hence results in septic cardiomyopathy. Triggering receptors expressed in myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) may initiate cellular cascade pathways and, in turn, induce cell death and vital organ dysfunction in sepsis, but the evidence is limited. We set to investigate the role of TREM-1 on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors with pyrin domain-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in sepsis models using cardiac cell line (HL-1) and mice. In this study, TREM-1 was found to be significantly increased in HL-1 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pyroptosis was also significantly increased in the HL-1 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide and an NLRP3 inflammasome activator, nigericin. The close interaction between TREM-1 and structural maintenance of chromosome 4 (SMC4) was also identified. Furthermore, inhibition of TREM-1 or SMC4 prevented the upregulation of NLRP3 and decreased Gasdermin-D, IL-1β and caspase-1 cleavage. In mice subjected to caecal ligation and puncture, the TREM-1 inhibitor LR12 decreased the expression of NLRP3 and attenuated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, leading to improved cardiac function and prolonged survival of septic mice. Our work demonstrates that, under septic conditions, TREM-1 plays a critical role in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Targeting TREM-1 and its associated molecules may therefore lead to novel therapeutic treatments for septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Qiuyun Lin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Shuting Cai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Yuanli Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Zhenhua Mai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Niall Ahmad
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Liehua Deng
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
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Deets KA, Nichols Doyle R, Rauch I, Vance RE. Inflammasome activation leads to cDC1-independent cross-priming of CD8 T cells by epithelial cell-derived antigen. eLife 2021; 10:e72082. [PMID: 34939932 PMCID: PMC8719880 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system detects pathogens and initiates adaptive immune responses. Inflammasomes are central components of the innate immune system, but whether inflammasomes provide sufficient signals to activate adaptive immunity is unclear. In intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), inflammasomes activate a lytic form of cell death called pyroptosis, leading to epithelial cell expulsion and the release of cytokines. Here, we employed a genetic system to show that simultaneous antigen expression and inflammasome activation specifically in IECs is sufficient to activate CD8+ T cells. By genetic elimination of direct T cell priming by IECs, we found that IEC-derived antigens were cross-presented to CD8+ T cells. However, cross-presentation of IEC-derived antigen to CD8+ T cells only partially depended on IEC pyroptosis. In the absence of inflammasome activation, cross-priming of CD8+ T cells required Batf3+ dendritic cells (conventional type one dendritic cells [cDC1]), whereas cross-priming in the presence of inflammasome activation required a Zbtb46+ but Batf3-independent cDC population. These data suggest the existence of parallel inflammasome-dependent and inflammasome-independent pathways for cross-presentation of IEC-derived antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Deets
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Randilea Nichols Doyle
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Isabella Rauch
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Russell E Vance
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
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Liu L, Yang Y, Fang R, Zhu W, Wu J, Li X, Patankar JV, Li W. Giardia duodenalis and Its Secreted PPIB Trigger Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Macrophages through TLR4-Induced ROS Signaling and A20-Mediated NLRP3 Deubiquitination. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123425. [PMID: 34943932 PMCID: PMC8700504 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis is a well-known and important causative agent of diarrhea on a global scale. Macrophage pyroptosis has been recognized as an important innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular pathogens. Yet, the effects of noninvasive Giardia infection on macrophage pyroptosis and the associated molecular triggers and regulators remain poorly defined. Here we initially observed that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis was activated in Giardia-treated macrophages, and inhibition of ROS, NLRP3, or caspase-1 could block GSDMD cleavage, IL-1β, IL-18 and LDH release, and the cell viability reduction. We also confirmed that Giardia-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was involved in its K63 deubiquitination. Thus, six candidate deubiquitinases were screened, among which A20 was identified as an effective regulator. We then screened TLRs on macrophage membranes and found that upon stimulation TLR4 was tightly correlated to ROS enhancement, A20-mediated NLRP3 deubiquitination, and pyroptotic signaling. In addition, several Giardia-secreted proteins were predicted as trigger factors via secretome analysis, of which peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B (PPIB) independently induced macrophage pyroptosis. This was similar to the findings from the trophozoite treatment, and also led to the TLR4-mediated activation of NLRP3 through K63 deubiquitination by A20. Collectively, the results of this study have significant implications for expanding our understanding of host defense mechanisms after infection with G. duodenalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yongwu Yang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Rui Fang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Weining Zhu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jingxue Wu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jay V. Patankar
- Department of Medicine 1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Wei Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (R.F.); (W.Z.); (J.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: or
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Rochette L, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. GDF15: an emerging modulator of immunity and a strategy in COVID-19 in association with iron metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:875-889. [PMID: 34593305 PMCID: PMC8423996 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 encodes the structural proteins spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). The receptor-binding domain on the surface subunit S1 is responsible for attachment of the virus to angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is highly expressed in host cells. The cytokine storm observed in patients with COVID-19 contributes to the endothelial vascular dysfunction, which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiorgan failure, alteration in iron homeostasis, and death. Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which belongs to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins, has a pivotal role in the development and progression of diseases because of its role as a metabolic regulator. In COVID-19, GDF15 activity increases in response to tissue damage. GDF15 appears to be a strong predictor of poor outcomes in patients critically ill with COVID-19 and acts as an 'inflammation-induced central mediator of tissue tolerance' via its metabolic properties. In this review, we examine the potential properties of GDF15 as an emerging modulator of immunity in COVID-19 in association with iron metabolism. The virus life cycle in host cell provides potential targets for drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases Research Unit (PEC2, EA 7460), University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, 21079 Dijon, France.
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases Research Unit (PEC2, EA 7460), University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Cardiology Unit, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases Research Unit (PEC2, EA 7460), University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, 21079 Dijon, France
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Qiu S, Hu Y, Dong S. Pan-cancer analysis reveals the expression, genetic alteration and prognosis of pyroptosis key gene GSDMD. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108270. [PMID: 34700129 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gasdermins (GSDMs)-mediated pyroptosis is widely involved in activating anti-tumor immunity and suppressing tumor growth. However, whether gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis affects patient prognosis in pan-cancer remains unknown. METHODS We performed analyses of the RNA expression, genetic alteration, prognosis and immune infiltration of GSDMD in pan-cancer. In order to explore the relationship between pyroptosis and tumors, we calculated the correlation between GSDMD and pyroptosis key genes in pan-cancer. We also investigated the enrichment pathway of GSDMD-related genes. RESULTS GSDMD was differentially expressed in the vast majority of cancer, and could be used as a prognostic marker in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), brain lower grade glioma (LGG), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) and rectum adenocarcinoma (READ). Strong evidence indicated the significant correlation of GSDMD with almost all immune checkpoints and immune cells. Pyroptosis-related genes strongly associated with GSDMD in ACC, KIRC, LGG, LIHC and SKCM, suggesting that GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis might play a critical role in the five cancers. CONCLUSION All the evidence supported the potential role of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in cancer. Our results provided new insights into GSDMD as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizheng Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Siqing Dong
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, China
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Eisfeld HS, Simonis A, Winter S, Chhen J, Ströh LJ, Krey T, Koch M, Theobald SJ, Rybniker J. Viral Glycoproteins Induce NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Macrophages. Viruses 2021; 13:v13102076. [PMID: 34696506 PMCID: PMC8538122 DOI: 10.3390/v13102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with viral pathogens are widespread and can cause a variety of different diseases. In-depth knowledge about viral triggers initiating an immune response is necessary to decipher viral pathogenesis. Inflammasomes, as part of the innate immune system, can be activated by viral pathogens. However, viral structural components responsible for inflammasome activation remain largely unknown. Here we analyzed glycoproteins derived from SARS-CoV-1/2, HCMV and HCV, required for viral entry and fusion, as potential triggers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in THP-1 macrophages. All tested glycoproteins were able to potently induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, indicated by ASC-SPECK formation and secretion of cleaved IL-1β. Lytic cell death via gasdermin D (GSDMD), pore formation, and pyroptosis are required for IL-1β release. As a hallmark of pyroptosis, we were able to detect cleavage of GSDMD and, correspondingly, cell death in THP-1 macrophages. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of NLRP3 and GSDMD in THP-1 macrophages confirmed and strongly support the evidence that viral glycoproteins can act as innate immunity triggers. With our study, we decipher key mechanisms of viral pathogenesis by showing that viral glycoproteins potently induce innate immune responses. These insights could be beneficial in vaccine development and provide new impulses for the investigation of vaccine-induced innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S. Eisfeld
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Jason Chhen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Luisa J. Ströh
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Thomas Krey
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.S.); (T.K.)
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2155 RESIST, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology and Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J. Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.J.T.); (J.R.)
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.J.T.); (J.R.)
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Chen P, An Q, Huang Y, Zhang M, Mao S. Prevention of endotoxin-induced cardiomyopathy using sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate: Involvement of augmented autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome suppression. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 909:174438. [PMID: 34437885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that patients or experimental animals exposure to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) exert deleterious cardiac functions that greatly contribute to morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiologic processes, including NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation and cardiac inflammatory injury, are complicated. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, is a naturally occurring compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza and has anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. In this study we examined the effect of STS on endotoxin-induced cardiomyopathy and investigated the underlying mechanisms. An endotoxemic mouse model was established by injecting LPS (10 mg/kg). Different doses of STS were administered intraperitoneally (5, 10, or 50 mg/kg) at different time points (2/12 h, 4/12 h, and 8/12 h) after LPS challenge to assess its effect on survival of mice with endotoxemia. In parallel, cardiac function, myocardial inflammatory cytokines, cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and autophagy were evaluated to determine the extent of myocardial damage due to sepsis in the presence and absence of STS at the optimal dose (10 mg/kg) and time-point (2/12 h). The results demonstrated that STS increased the survival rates, improved the compromised cardiac function and reduced myocardial inflammatory injury associated with enhanced autophagy and mitigated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, inhibiting of autophagy or blocking the AMPK pathway reversed STS-elicited prevention of cardiomyopathy and activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in endotoxemic mice. Collectively, our study demonstrates that STS attenuates endotoxemia-induced mortality and cardiomyopathy, which may be associated with promotion of autophagy and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Chen
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiyuan An
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Abstract
Tumor resistance to apoptosis and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment are two major contributors to poor therapeutic responses during cancer intervention. Pyroptosis, a lytic and inflammatory programmed cell death pathway distinct from apoptosis, has subsequently sparked notable interest among cancer researchers for its potential to be clinically harnessed and to address these problems. Recent evidence indicates that pyroptosis induction in tumor cells leads to a robust inflammatory response and marked tumor regression. Underlying its antitumor effect, pyroptosis is mediated by pore-forming gasdermin proteins that facilitate immune cell activation and infiltration through their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immunogenic material following cell rupture. Considering its inflammatory nature, however, aberrant pyroptosis may also be implicated in the formation of a tumor supportive microenvironment, as evidenced by the upregulation of gasdermin proteins in certain cancers. In this review, the molecular pathways leading to pyroptosis are introduced, followed by an overview of the seemingly entangled links between pyroptosis and cancer. We describe what is known regarding the impact of pyroptosis on anticancer immunity and give insight into the potential of harnessing pyroptosis as a tool and applying it to novel or existing anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reid Loveless
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ryan Bloomquist
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Hsu SK, Li CY, Lin IL, Syue WJ, Chen YF, Cheng KC, Teng YN, Lin YH, Yen CH, Chiu CC. Inflammation-related pyroptosis, a novel programmed cell death pathway, and its crosstalk with immune therapy in cancer treatment. Theranostics 2021; 11:8813-8835. [PMID: 34522213 PMCID: PMC8419056 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, chemotherapies targeting apoptosis have emerged and demonstrated remarkable achievements. However, emerging evidence has shown that chemoresistance is mediated by impairing or bypassing apoptotic cell death. Several novel types of programmed cell death, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, have recently been reported to play significant roles in the modulation of cancer progression and are considered a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Thus, the switch between apoptosis and pyroptosis is also discussed. Cancer immunotherapy has gained increasing attention due to breakthroughs in immune checkpoint inhibitors; moreover, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis are highly correlated with the modulation of immunity in the tumor microenvironment. Compared with necroptosis and ferroptosis, pyroptosis is the primary mechanism for host defense and is crucial for bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Furthermore, recent evidence has demonstrated that pyroptosis exerts benefits on cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T). Hence, in this review, we elucidate the role of pyroptosis in cancer progression and the modulation of immunity. We also summarize the potential small molecules and nanomaterials that target pyroptotic cell death mechanisms and their therapeutic effects on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Jyun Syue
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Fung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiaokang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ni Teng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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11
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Wang QL, Xing W, Yu C, Gao M, Deng LT. ROCK1 regulates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via TLR2-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress/pyroptosis axis. Mol Immunol 2021; 138:99-109. [PMID: 34365196 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that ROCK1 participates in the progression of multiple diseases, including septic intestinal barrier, cardiac dysfunction and acute lung injury. However, its regulatory role and specific mechanism in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remain unclear. METHODS Cecal ligation puncture (CLP) was conducted to establish sepsis mouse model, and in vitro model was achieved by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Genes expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR, western blot or ELISA was conducted to assess the levels of proteins. Hoechst staining was performed to evaluate cell pyroptosis. LDH activity assay was detected to assess cytotoxicity. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect Ly-6G expression and neutrophils distribution in kidney tissues of mice. H&E and TUNEL staining were carried to evaluate kidney injury of mice. RESULTS Our findings illuminated that ROCK1 was highly expressed in sepsis-induced AKI, and ROCK1 knockdown inhibited NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. Moreover, ROCK1 modulated HK-2 cell pyroptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). TLR2 inhibitor could suppress ERS mediated cell pyroptosis under LPS treatment. Further, TLR2 activator partially reversed the effects of ROCK1 inhibition on ERS mediated pyroptosis in LPS-treated HK-2 cells and CLP mice. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ROCK1 may regulate sepsis-induced AKI via TLR2-mediated ERS/pyroptosis axis. Our data demonstrated the role and underlying mechanism of ROCK1 in septic AKI, providing theoretical basis for sepsis-induced AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Tian Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Chen S, Jin P, Chen H, Wu D, Li S, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Yang D. Dual function of a turbot inflammatory caspase in mediating both canonical and non-canonical inflammasome activation. Dev Comp Immunol 2021; 121:104078. [PMID: 33794278 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Host protective inflammatory caspase activity must be tightly regulated to prevent pathogens infection, however, the inflammatory caspase-engaged inflammasome activation in teleost fish remains largely unknown. In this study, we reveal a bifurcated evolutionary role of the inflammatory caspase in mediating both non-canonical and canonical inflammasome pathways in teleost fish. Through characterization of a unique inflammatory SmCaspase from the teleost Scophthalmus maximus (turbot), we found it can directly recognize cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via its N-terminal CARD domain, resulting in caspase-5-like proteolytic enzyme activity-mediated pyroptosis in Turbot Muscle Fibroblasts. Interestingly, we also found that this inflammatory caspase can be recruited to SmNLRP3-SmASC to form the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, engaging the SmIL-1β release in Head Kidney-derived Macrophages. Consequently, the SmCaspase activation can recognize and cleave the SmGSDMEb to release its N-terminal domain, mediating both pyroptosis and bactericidal activities. Furthermore, the SmCaspase-SmGSDMEb axis-gated pyroptosis governs the bacterial clearance and epithelial desquamation in fish gill filaments in vivo. To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify an inflammatory caspase acting as a central coordinator in NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as a cytosolic LPS receptor; thus uncovering a previously unrecognized function of inflammatory caspase in turbot innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Cultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Cultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Dahai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Cultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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13
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Zheng X, Chen W, Gong F, Chen Y, Chen E. The Role and Mechanism of Pyroptosis and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Sepsis: A Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711939. [PMID: 34305952 PMCID: PMC8293747 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Recently was been found that pyroptosis is a unique form of proinflammatory programmed death, that is different from apoptosis. A growing number of studies have investigated pyroptosis and its relationship with sepsis, including the mechanisms, role, and relevant targets of pyroptosis in sepsis. While moderate pyroptosis in sepsis can control pathogen infection, excessive pyroptosis can lead to a dysregulated host immune response and even organ dysfunction. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets underlying pyroptosis in sepsis identified in recent decades, looking forward to the future direction of treatment for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Erzhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Wen W, Li X, Wang H, Zhao Q, Yin M, Liu W, Chen H, Qian P. Seneca Valley Virus 3C Protease Induces Pyroptosis by Directly Cleaving Porcine Gasdermin D. J Immunol 2021; 207:189-199. [PMID: 34183365 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a newly emerging virus belonging to the Picornaviridae family, has caused vesicular disease in the swine industry. However, the molecular mechanism of viral pathogenesis remains poorly understood. This study revealed that SVV infection could induce pyroptosis in SK6 cells in a caspase-dependent and -independent manner. SVV may inhibit caspase-1 activation at late infection because of 3Cpro cleavage of NLRP3, which counteracted pyroptosis activation. Further study showed that 3Cpro targeted porcine gasdermin D (pGSDMD) for cleavage through its protease activity. 3Cpro cleaved porcine GSDMD (pGSDMD) at two sites, glutamine 193 (Q193) and glutamine 277 (Q277), and Q277 was close to the caspase-1-induced pGSDMD cleavage site. pGSDMD1-277 triggered cell death, which was similar to N-terminal fragment produced by caspase-1 cleavage of pGSDMD, and other fragments exhibited no significant inhibitory effects on cellular activity. Ectopic expression of pGSDMD converted 3Cpro-induced apoptosis to pyroptosis in 293T cells. Interestingly, 3Cpro did not cleave mouse GSDMD or human GSDMD. And, both pGSDMD and pGSDMD1-277 exhibited bactericidal activities in vivo. Nevertheless, pGSDMD cannot kill bacteria in vitro. Taken together, our results reveal a novel pyroptosis activation manner produced by viral protease cleavage of pGSDMD, which may provide an important insight into the pathogenesis of SVV and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengge Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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15
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Abstract
The genus Bandavirus consists of seven tick-borne bunyaviruses, among which four are known to infect humans. Dabie bandavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), poses serious threats to public health worldwide. SFTSV is a tick-borne virus mainly reported in China, South Korea, and Japan with a mortality rate of up to 30%. To date, most immunology-related studies focused on the antagonistic role of SFTSV non-structural protein (NSs) in sequestering RIG-I-like-receptors (RLRs)-mediated type I interferon (IFN) induction and type I IFN mediated signaling pathway. It is still elusive whether the interaction of SFTSV and other conserved innate immune responses exists. As of now, no specific vaccines or therapeutics are approved for SFTSV prevention or treatments respectively, in part due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the molecular interactions occurring between SFTSV and hosts. Hence, it is necessary to fully understand the host-virus interactions including antiviral responses and viral evasion mechanisms. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in understanding the pathogenesis of SFTS and speculate underlying novel mechanisms in response to SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Kovacs SB, Oh C, Maltez VI, McGlaughon BD, Verma A, Miao EA, Aachoui Y. Neutrophil Caspase-11 Is Essential to Defend against a Cytosol-Invasive Bacterium. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107967. [PMID: 32726630 PMCID: PMC7480168 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Either caspase-1 or caspase-11 can cleave gasdermin D to cause pyroptosis, eliminating intracellular replication niches. We previously showed that macrophages detect Burkholderia thailandensis via NLRC4, triggering the release of interleukin (IL)-18 and driving an essential interferon (IFN)-γ response that primes caspase-11. We now identify the IFN-γ-producing cells as a mixture of natural killer (NK) and T cells. Although both caspase-1 and caspase-11 can cleave gasdermin D in macrophages and neutrophils, we find that NLRC4-activated caspase-1 triggers pyroptosis in macrophages, but this pathway does not trigger pyroptosis in neutrophils. In contrast, caspase-11 triggers pyroptosis in both macrophages and neutrophils. This translates to an absolute requirement for caspase-11 in neutrophils during B. thailandensis infection in mice. We present an example of inflammasome sensors causing diverging outcomes in different cell types. Thus, cell fates are dictated not simply by the pathogen or inflammasome, but also by how the cell is wired to respond to detection events. Kovacs et al. demonstrate that natural killer and T cells produce IFN-γ to prime caspase-11 during Burkholderia thailandensis infection. They demonstrate that in neutrophils, caspase-1 and caspase-11 activation lead to gasdermin D cleavage, but only caspase-11 activation leads to pyroptosis that is necessary for clearance of this cytosol-invasive pathogen in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Kovacs
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Changhoon Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Vivien I Maltez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Benjamin D McGlaughon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ambika Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Edward A Miao
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Youssef Aachoui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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17
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Zhou B, Abbott DW. Gasdermin E permits interleukin-1 beta release in distinct sublytic and pyroptotic phases. Cell Rep 2021; 35:108998. [PMID: 33852854 PMCID: PMC8106763 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular inflammasome activation causes caspase-1 cleavage of the pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) with subsequent pyroptotic cell death and cytokine release. Here, we clarify the ambiguous role of the related family member gasdermin E (GSDME) in this process. Inflammasome stimulation in GSDMD-deficient cells led to apoptotic caspase cleavage of GSDME. Endogenous GSDME activation permitted sublytic, continuous interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release and membrane leakage, even in GSDMD-sufficient cells, whereas ectopic expression led to pyroptosis with GSDME oligomerization and complete liberation of IL-1β akin to GSDMD pyroptosis. We find that NLRP3 and NLRP1 inflammasomes ultimately rely concurrently on both gasdermins for IL-1β processing and release separately from their ability to induce cell lysis. Our study thus identifies GSDME as a conduit for IL-1β release independent of its ability to cause cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Derek W Abbott
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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18
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Zhao Z, Wang X, Zhang R, Ma B, Niu S, Di X, Ni L, Liu C. Melatonin attenuates smoking-induced atherosclerosis by activating the Nrf2 pathway via NLRP3 inflammasomes in endothelial cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11363-11380. [PMID: 33839695 PMCID: PMC8109127 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggests that the effects of smoking in atherosclerosis are associated with inflammation mediated by endothelial cells. However, the mechanisms and potential drug therapies for smoking-induced atherosclerosis remain to be clarified. Considering that melatonin exerts beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases, we examined its effects on cigarette smoke-induced vascular injury. We found that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treatment induced NLRP3-related pyroptosis in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). CSE also induced ROS generation and upregulated the Nrf2 pathway in HAECs. Furthermore, pretreatment of HAECs with Nrf2-specific siRNA and an Nrf2 activator revealed that Nrf2 can inhibit CSE-induced ROS/NLRP3 activation. Nrf2 also improved cell viability and the expression of VEGF and eNOS in CSE-treated HAECs. In balloon-induced carotid artery injury model rats exposed to cigarette smoke, melatonin treatment reduced intimal hyperplasia in the carotid artery. Mechanistic studies revealed that compared with the control group, Nrf2 activation was increased in the melatonin group, whereas ROS levels and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were inhibited. These results reveal that melatonin might effectively protect against smoking-induced vascular injury and atherosclerosis through the Nrf2/ROS/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Overall, these observations provide compelling evidence for the clinical use of melatonin to reduce smoking-related inflammatory vascular injury and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewei Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baitao Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Niu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Di
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leng Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Ju X, Yang Z, Zhang H, Wang Q. Role of pyroptosis in cancer cells and clinical applications. Biochimie 2021; 185:78-86. [PMID: 33746064 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs usually inhibit tumor cell growth through the apoptosis pathway. However, tumor cells become resistant to chemotherapy drugs by evading apoptosis. It is necessary to find new ways to inhibit tumor growth through other types of death. Pyroptosis is a recently identified inflammatory cell death that plays an important role in a variety of diseases, including cancer. In this review, we will systematically review recent progress in the pyroptosis signaling pathway, the role of inflammasomes in cancer in the context of pyroptosis, the role of gasdermin proteins in cancer and the role of pyroptosis in tumor immunity. We will also discuss the application of the pyroptosis pathway in clinical studies. Finally, we hope to provide new strategies for pyroptosis in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Zhilong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
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20
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Abstract
Neutrophils or polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are key participants in the innate immune response for their ability to execute different effector functions. These cells express a vast array of membrane receptors that allow them to recognize and eliminate infectious agents effectively and respond appropriately to microenvironmental stimuli that regulate neutrophil functions, such as activation, migration, generation of reactive oxygen species, formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, and mediator secretion, among others. Currently, it has been realized that activated neutrophils can accomplish their effector functions and simultaneously activate mechanisms of cell death in response to different intracellular or extracellular factors. Although several studies have revealed similarities between the mechanisms of cell death of neutrophils and other cell types, neutrophils have distinctive properties, such as a high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), that are important for their effector function in infections and pathologies such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies, influencing their cell death mechanisms. The present work offers a synthesis of the conditions and molecules implicated in the regulation and activation of the processes of neutrophil death: apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis, NETosis, and necrosis. This information allows to understand the duality encountered by PMNs upon activation. The effector functions are carried out to eliminate invading pathogens, but in several instances, these functions involve activation of signaling cascades that culminate in the death of the neutrophil. This process guarantees the correct elimination of pathogenic agents, damaged or senescent cells, and the timely resolution of the inflammation that is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in the organism. In addition, they alert the organism when the immunological system is being deregulated, promoting the activation of other cells of the immune system, such as B and T lymphocytes, which produce cytokines that potentiate the microbicide functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erandi Pérez-Figueroa
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo Álvarez-Carrasco
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ortega
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Maldonado-Bernal
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
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21
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Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) derived from invading pathogens and damaged tissues, respectively. Upon activation, the inflammasome forms a complex containing a receptor protein, an adaptor, and an effector to induce the autocleavage and activation of procaspase-1 ultimately culminating in the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and pyroptosis. Inflammasome activation plays an important role in host immune responses to pathogen infections and tissue repair in response to cellular damage. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a well-characterized pattern recognition receptor and is well known for its critical role in the regulation of immunity and the development and progression of various inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize recent efforts to develop therapeutic applications targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to cure and prevent chronic inflammatory diseases. This review extensively discusses NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases and current development of small molecule inhibitors providing beneficial information on the design of therapeutic strategies for NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases. Additionally, small molecule inhibitors are classified depending on direct or indirect targeting mechanism to describe the current status of the development of pharmacological inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Seok
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- BK21 PLUS Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Abstract
The immune system has evolved multiple mechanisms to restrict microbial infections and regulate inflammatory responses. Without appropriate regulation, infection-induced inflammatory pathology can be deadly. The innate immune system recognizes the microbial molecules conserved in many pathogens and engages a rapid response by producing inflammatory mediators and activating programmed cell death pathways, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Activation of pattern recognition receptors, in combination with inflammatory cytokine-induced signaling through death domain-containing receptors, initiates a highly interconnected cell death process called PANoptosis (pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis). Broadly speaking, PANoptosis is critical for restricting a wide range of pathogens (including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites), which we describe in this review. We propose that re-examining the role of cell death and inflammatory cytokines through the lens of PANoptosis will advance our understanding of host-pathogen evolution and may reveal new treatment strategies for controlling a wide range of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Place
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - SangJoon Lee
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
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23
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Gaul S, Leszczynska A, Alegre F, Kaufmann B, Johnson CD, Adams LA, Wree A, Damm G, Seehofer D, Calvente CJ, Povero D, Kisseleva T, Eguchi A, McGeough MD, Hoffman HM, Pelegrin P, Laufs U, Feldstein AE. Hepatocyte pyroptosis and release of inflammasome particles induce stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 2021; 74:156-167. [PMID: 32763266 PMCID: PMC7749849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increased hepatocyte death contributes to the pathology of acute and chronic liver diseases. However, the role of hepatocyte pyroptosis and extracellular inflammasome release in liver disease is unknown. METHODS We used primary mouse and human hepatocytes, hepatocyte-specific leucine 351 to proline Nlrp3KICreA mice, and GsdmdKO mice to investigate pyroptotic cell death in hepatocytes and its impact on liver inflammation and damage. Extracellular NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes were isolated from mutant NLRP3-YFP HEK cells and internalisation was studied in LX2 and primary human hepatic stellate cells. We also examined a cohort of 154 adult patients with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia). RESULTS We demonstrated that primary mouse and human hepatocytes can undergo pyroptosis upon NLRP3 inflammasome activation with subsequent release of NLRP3 inflammasome proteins that amplify and perpetuate inflammasome-driven fibrogenesis. Pyroptosis was inhibited by blocking caspase-1 and gasdermin D activation. The activated form of caspase-1 was detected in the livers and in serum from patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and correlated with disease severity. Nlrp3KICreA mice showed spontaneous liver fibrosis under normal chow diet, and increased sensitivity to liver damage and inflammation after treatment with low dose lipopolysaccharide. Mechanistically, hepatic stellate cells engulfed extracellular NLRP3 inflammasome particles leading to increased IL-1β secretion and α-smooth muscle actin expression. This effect was abrogated when cells were pre-treated with the endocytosis inhibitor cytochalasin B. CONCLUSIONS These results identify hepatocyte pyroptosis and release of inflammasome components as a novel mechanism to propagate liver injury and liver fibrosis development. LAY SUMMARY Our findings identify a novel mechanism of inflammation in the liver. Experiments in cell cultures, mice, and human samples show that a specific form of cell death, called pyroptosis, leads to the release of complex inflammatory particles, the NLRP3 inflammasome, from inside hepatocytes into the extracellular space. From there they are taken up by other cells and thereby mediate inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic stress signals. The discovery of this mechanism may lead to novel treatments for chronic liver diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Gaul
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Fernando Alegre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Benedikt Kaufmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Casey D Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Leon A Adams
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Alexander Wree
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Damm
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolina J Calvente
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Davide Povero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Matthew D McGeough
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Pelegrin
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ariel E Feldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Lichtenegger S, Stiehler J, Saiger S, Zauner A, Kleinhappl B, Bernecker C, Schlenke P, Wagner GE, Krause K, Gastager M, Steinmetz I. Burkholderia pseudomallei triggers canonical inflammasome activation in a human primary macrophage-based infection model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008840. [PMID: 33137811 PMCID: PMC7605897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the current knowledge on Burkholderia pseudomallei-induced inflammasome activation and cell death in macrophages is derived from murine systems. Little is known about the involved bacterial structures and mechanisms in primary human macrophages. This is of particular relevance since murine and human macrophages as well as primary cells and cell lines differ in many aspects of inflammasome activation, including the proteins involved in the recognition of bacterial patterns. In this study, we therefore aimed (i) to establish an in vitro B. pseudomallei infection model with human monocyte-derived primary macrophages from single donors as these cells more closely resemble macrophages in the human host and (ii) to analyze B. pseudomallei-triggered cell death and bacterial elimination in those cells. Our results show that B. pseudomallei-infected primary human macrophages not only release the inflammasome-independent pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α, but are also engaged in canonical inflammasome activation as evidenced by caspase-1 and gasdermin D processing. Absence of the B. pseudomallei T3SS-3 needle protein BsaL, a potent activator of the canonical inflammasome, abolished lytic cell death, reduced IL-1β release, and caspase-1 and gasdermin D processing. IFN-γ, known to promote non-canonical inflammasome activation, did not influence pyroptosis induction or IL-1β release from infected primary human macrophages. Nevertheless, it reduced intracellular B. pseudomallei loads, an effect which was partially antagonist by the inhibition of NADPH oxidase. Overall, our data implicate T3SS-3 dependent inflammasome activation and IFN-γ induced immune mechanisms as critical defense mechanisms of human macrophages against B. pseudomallei. In addition, our infection model provides a versatile tool to study human host-pathogen interactions and has the potential to elucidate the role of human individual genetic variations in B. pseudomallei infections. Considering the constantly emerging antibiotic resistance of pathogens, comprehensive analyses of immune response mechanisms against infections are urgently needed to provide the basis for novel therapeutic strategies. Studies based on primary murine cells and cell lines of murine and human origin led to advances in the understanding of immune defense mechanisms against bacterial infections including B. pseudomallei. Nevertheless, results relying on these cell types are not always transferrable to primary human cells due to e.g. pathway alterations. We established and validated a macrophage-based model system derived from human peripheral blood monocytes, which yields high amounts of genetically identical cells more closely resembling cells found in the human host. This model system provides the basis for studying the pathogenesis of B. pseudomallei in primary human macrophages and for developing new human host directed therapies avoiding pitfalls from cell lines. Using our newly established model we demonstrate, that restriction of B. pseudomallei by primary human macrophages is mediated by T3SS-3 dependent canonical inflammasome activation and IFN-γ induced intracellular bacterial restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Lichtenegger
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Stiehler
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Saiger
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Zauner
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Kleinhappl
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Claudia Bernecker
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Schlenke
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel E. Wagner
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Krause
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Current address: Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, Berlin, Germany
| | - Magdalena Gastager
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ivo Steinmetz
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
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25
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Tang R, Xu J, Zhang B, Liu J, Liang C, Hua J, Meng Q, Yu X, Shi S. Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in anticancer immunity. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:110. [PMID: 32778143 PMCID: PMC7418434 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 634] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cancer immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has achieved considerable success in the clinic. However, ICIs are significantly limited by the fact that only one third of patients with most types of cancer respond to these agents. The induction of cell death mechanisms other than apoptosis has gradually emerged as a new cancer treatment strategy because most tumors harbor innate resistance to apoptosis. However, to date, the possibility of combining these two modalities has not been discussed systematically. Recently, a few studies revealed crosstalk between distinct cell death mechanisms and antitumor immunity. The induction of pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis combined with ICIs showed synergistically enhanced antitumor activity, even in ICI-resistant tumors. Immunotherapy-activated CD8+ T cells are traditionally believed to induce tumor cell death via the following two main pathways: (i) perforin-granzyme and (ii) Fas-FasL. However, recent studies identified a new mechanism by which CD8+ T cells suppress tumor growth by inducing ferroptosis and pyroptosis, which provoked a review of the relationship between tumor cell death mechanisms and immune system activation. Hence, in this review, we summarize knowledge of the reciprocal interaction between antitumor immunity and distinct cell death mechanisms, particularly necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, which are the three potentially novel mechanisms of immunogenic cell death. Because most evidence is derived from studies using animal and cell models, we also reviewed related bioinformatics data available for human tissues in public databases, which partially confirmed the presence of interactions between tumor cell death and the activation of antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Wandel MP, Kim BH, Park ES, Boyle KB, Nayak K, Lagrange B, Herod A, Henry T, Zilbauer M, Rohde J, MacMicking JD, Randow F. Guanylate-binding proteins convert cytosolic bacteria into caspase-4 signaling platforms. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:880-891. [PMID: 32541830 PMCID: PMC7381384 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide triggers human caspase-4 (murine caspase-11) to cleave gasdermin-D and induce pyroptotic cell death. How lipopolysaccharide sequestered in the membranes of cytosol-invading bacteria activates caspases remains unknown. Here we show that in interferon-γ-stimulated cells guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) assemble on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria into polyvalent signaling platforms required for activation of caspase-4. Caspase-4 activation is hierarchically controlled by GBPs; GBP1 initiates platform assembly, GBP2 and GBP4 control caspase-4 recruitment, and GBP3 governs caspase-4 activation. In response to cytosol-invading bacteria, activation of caspase-4 through the GBP platform is essential to induce gasdermin-D-dependent pyroptosis and processing of interleukin-18, thereby destroying the replicative niche for intracellular bacteria and alerting neighboring cells, respectively. Caspase-11 and GBPs epistatically protect mice against lethal bacterial challenge. Multiple antagonists of the pathway encoded by Shigella flexneri, a cytosol-adapted bacterium, provide compelling evolutionary evidence for the importance of the GBP-caspase-4 pathway in antibacterial defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal P Wandel
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Bae-Hoon Kim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Departments of Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eui-Soon Park
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Departments of Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Keith B Boyle
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Komal Nayak
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Brice Lagrange
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University of Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Adrian Herod
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University of Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Rohde
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - John D MacMicking
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Departments of Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Felix Randow
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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27
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Abstract
The inflammasome is a large intracellular protein complex that activates inflammatory caspase-1 and induces the maturation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Mitophagy plays an essential role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis during stress. Previous studies have indicated compelling evidence of the crosstalk between inflammasome and mitophagy. Mitophagy regulation of the inflammasome, or vice versa, is crucial for various biological functions, such as controlling inflammation and metabolism, immune and anti-tumor responses, and pyroptotic cell death. Uncontrolled regulation of the inflammasome often results in pathological inflammation and pyroptosis, and causes a variety of human diseases, including metabolic and inflammatory diseases, infection, and cancer. Here, we discuss how improved understanding of the interactions between inflammasome and mitophagy can lead to novel therapies against various disease pathologies, and how the inflammasome-mitophagy connection is currently being targeted pharmacologically by diverse agents and small molecules. A deeper understanding of the inflammasome-mitophagy connection will provide new insights into human health and disease through the balance between mitochondrial clearance and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Yuk
- Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-580-8243
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28
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Hu JJ, Liu X, Xia S, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Ruan J, Luo X, Lou X, Bai Y, Wang J, Hollingsworth LR, Magupalli VG, Zhao L, Luo HR, Kim J, Lieberman J, Wu H. FDA-approved disulfiram inhibits pyroptosis by blocking gasdermin D pore formation. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:736-745. [PMID: 32367036 PMCID: PMC7316630 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic sensing of pathogens and damage by myeloid and barrier epithelial cells assembles large complexes called inflammasomes, which activate inflammatory caspases to process cytokines (IL-1β) and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Cleaved GSDMD forms membrane pores, leading to cytokine release and inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis). Inhibiting GSDMD is an attractive strategy to curb inflammation. Here we identify disulfiram, a drug for treating alcohol addiction, as an inhibitor of pore formation by GSDMD but not other members of the GSDM family. Disulfiram blocks pyroptosis and cytokine release in cells and lipopolysaccharide-induced septic death in mice. At nanomolar concentration, disulfiram covalently modifies human/mouse Cys191/Cys192 in GSDMD to block pore formation. Disulfiram still allows IL-1β and GSDMD processing, but abrogates pore formation, thereby preventing IL-1β release and pyroptosis. The role of disulfiram in inhibiting GSDMD provides new therapeutic indications for repurposing this safe drug to counteract inflammation, which contributes to many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jacob Hu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xing Liu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shiyu Xia
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingxia Zhao
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbin Ruan
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Xuemei Luo
- Biomolecular Resource Facility, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xiwen Lou
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Bai
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhong Wang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - L Robert Hollingsworth
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Venkat Giri Magupalli
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Kim
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judy Lieberman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hao Wu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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29
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Liu S, Du J, Li D, Yang P, Kou Y, Li C, Zhou Q, Lu Y, Hasegawa T, Li M. Oxidative stress induced pyroptosis leads to osteogenic dysfunction of MG63 cells. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:221-232. [PMID: 32356234 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09874-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is characterized by alveolar bone destruction and is one of the most common chronic oral diseases. Inflammatory cytokines released by pyroptosis, which can be triggered by oxidative stress, are critical in the development of periodontitis. This study aims to clarify whether oxidative stress causes osteoblast dysfunction by inducing pyroptosis in the process of periodontitis. We found that treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) led to NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis of MG63 cells as well as decreased cell migration. Of note, LPS stimulation increased LDH release in a time- and dose-dependent manner. However, inhibition of reactive oxygen species with N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuated oxidative stress-mediated pyroptosis and improved migration injury in osteoblasts treated with LPS. Further, inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome with MCC950 improved osteoblast migration and restored the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins such as COL 1, RUNX 2 and ALP. In conclusion, oxidative stress caused by LPS induces pyroptosis in osteoblasts, leading to osteogenic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yuying Kou
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Congshan Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yupu Lu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Minqi Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Zheng M, Karki R, Vogel P, Kanneganti TD. Caspase-6 Is a Key Regulator of Innate Immunity, Inflammasome Activation, and Host Defense. Cell 2020; 181:674-687.e13. [PMID: 32298652 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Caspases regulate cell death, immune responses, and homeostasis. Caspase-6 is categorized as an executioner caspase but shows key differences from the other executioners. Overall, little is known about the functions of caspase-6 in biological processes apart from apoptosis. Here, we show that caspase-6 mediates innate immunity and inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that caspase-6 promotes the activation of programmed cell death pathways including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis (PANoptosis) and plays an essential role in host defense against influenza A virus (IAV) infection. In addition, caspase-6 promoted the differentiation of alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs). Caspase-6 facilitated the RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM)-dependent binding of RIPK3 to ZBP1 via its interaction with RIPK3. Altogether, our findings reveal a vital role for caspase-6 in facilitating ZBP1-mediated inflammasome activation, cell death, and host defense during IAV infection, opening additional avenues for treatment of infectious and autoinflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Peter Vogel
- Animal Resources Center and the Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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31
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Abstract
Inflammasomes are multi-component signaling complexes critical to the initiation of pyroptotic cell death in response to invading pathogens and cellular damage. A number of innate immune receptors have been reported to serve as inflammasome sensors. Activation of these sensors leads to the proteolytic activation of caspase-1, a proinflammatory caspase responsible for the cleavage of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 and the effector of pyroptotic cell death, gasdermin D. Though crucial to the innate immune response to infection, dysregulation of inflammasome activation can lead to the development of inflammatory diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Therefore, clinical interest in the modulation of inflammasome activation is swiftly growing. As such, it is imperative to develop a mechanistic understanding of the regulation of these complexes. In this review, we divide the regulation of inflammasome activation into three parts. We discuss the transcriptional regulation of inflammasome components and related proteins, the post-translational mechanisms of inflammasome activation, and advances in the understanding of the structural basis of inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelbi Christgen
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - David E Place
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
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Erkes DA, Cai W, Sanchez IM, Purwin TJ, Rogers C, Field CO, Berger AC, Hartsough EJ, Rodeck U, Alnemri ES, Aplin AE. Mutant BRAF and MEK Inhibitors Regulate the Tumor Immune Microenvironment via Pyroptosis. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:254-269. [PMID: 31796433 PMCID: PMC7007378 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Combinations of BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi + MEKi) are FDA-approved to treat BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma. Efficacy of BRAFi + MEKi associates with cancer cell death and alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment; however, the links are poorly understood. We show that BRAFi + MEKi caused durable melanoma regression in an immune-mediated manner. BRAFi + MEKi treatment promoted cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME) and release of HMGB1, markers of pyroptotic cell death. GSDME-deficient melanoma showed defective HMGB1 release, reduced tumor-associated T cell and activated dendritic cell infiltrates in response to BRAFi + MEKi, and more frequent tumor regrowth after drug removal. Importantly, BRAFi + MEKi-resistant disease lacked pyroptosis markers and showed decreased intratumoral T-cell infiltration but was sensitive to pyroptosis-inducing chemotherapy. These data implicate BRAFi + MEKi-induced pyroptosis in antitumor immune responses and highlight new therapeutic strategies for resistant melanoma. SIGNIFICANCE: Targeted inhibitors and immune checkpoint agents have advanced the care of patients with melanoma; however, detailed knowledge of the intersection between these two research areas is lacking. We describe a molecular mechanism of targeted inhibitor regulation of an immune-stimulatory form of cell death and provide a proof-of-principle salvage therapy concept for inhibitor-resistant melanoma.See related commentary by Smalley, p. 176.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 161.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A Erkes
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Weijia Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ileine M Sanchez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy J Purwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Corey Rogers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Conroy O Field
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam C Berger
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward J Hartsough
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ulrich Rodeck
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emad S Alnemri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Watson JL, Sanchez-Garrido J, Goddard PJ, Torraca V, Mostowy S, Shenoy AR, Clements A. Shigella sonnei O-Antigen Inhibits Internalization, Vacuole Escape, and Inflammasome Activation. mBio 2019; 10:e02654-19. [PMID: 31848280 PMCID: PMC6918081 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02654-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Shigella species, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, cause approximately 90% of bacterial dysentery worldwide. While S. flexneri is the dominant species in low-income countries, S. sonnei causes the majority of infections in middle- and high-income countries. S. flexneri is a prototypic cytosolic bacterium; once intracellular, it rapidly escapes the phagocytic vacuole and causes pyroptosis of macrophages, which is important for pathogenesis and bacterial spread. In contrast, little is known about the invasion, vacuole escape, and induction of pyroptosis during S. sonnei infection of macrophages. We demonstrate here that S. sonnei causes substantially less pyroptosis in human primary monocyte-derived macrophages and THP1 cells. This is due to reduced bacterial uptake and lower relative vacuole escape, which results in fewer cytosolic S. sonnei and hence reduced activation of caspase-1 inflammasomes. Mechanistically, the O-antigen (O-Ag), which in S. sonnei is contained in both the lipopolysaccharide and the capsule, was responsible for reduced uptake and the type 3 secretion system (T3SS) was required for vacuole escape. Our findings suggest that S. sonnei has adapted to an extracellular lifestyle by incorporating multiple layers of O-Ag onto its surface compared to other Shigella species.IMPORTANCE Diarrheal disease remains the second leading cause of death in children under five. Shigella remains a significant cause of diarrheal disease with two species, S. flexneri and S. sonnei, causing the majority of infections. S. flexneri are well known to cause cell death in macrophages, which contributes to the inflammatory nature of Shigella diarrhea. Here, we demonstrate that S. sonnei causes less cell death than S. flexneri due to a reduced number of bacteria present in the cell cytosol. We identify the O-Ag polysaccharide which, uniquely among Shigella spp., is present in two forms on the bacterial cell surface as the bacterial factor responsible. Our data indicate that S. sonnei differs from S. flexneri in key aspects of infection and that more attention should be given to characterization of S. sonnei infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne L Watson
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Sanchez-Garrido
- Department of Infectious Disease, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa J Goddard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Torraca
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serge Mostowy
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Avinash R Shenoy
- Department of Infectious Disease, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Clements
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li H, Zhao XK, Cheng YJ, Zhang Q, Wu J, Lu S, Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhou MY, Wang Y, Yang J, Cheng ML. Gasdermin D-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis expands inflammatory responses that aggravate acute liver failure by upregulating monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CC chemokine receptor-2 to recruit macrophages. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6527-6540. [PMID: 31802832 PMCID: PMC6886019 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i44.6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Massive hepatocyte death is the core event in acute liver failure (ALF). Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis is a type of highly inflammatory cell death. However, the role of hepatocyte pyroptosis and its mechanisms of expanding inflammatory responses in ALF are unclear.
AIM To investigate the role and mechanisms of GSDMD-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
METHODS The expression of pyroptosis pathway-associated proteins in liver tissues from ALF patients and a hepatocyte injury model was examined by Western blot. GSDMD short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to investigate the effects of downregulation of GSDMD on monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1) and its receptor CC chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2) in vitro. For in vivo experiments, we used GSDMD knockout mice to investigate the role and mechanism of GSDMD in a D-galactose/lipopolysaccharide (D-Galn/LPS)-induced ALF mouse model.
RESULTS The levels of pyroptosis pathway-associated proteins in liver tissue from ALF patients and a hepatocyte injury model increased significantly. The level of GSDMD-N protein increased most obviously (P < 0.001). In vitro, downregulation of GSDMD by shRNA decreased the cell inhibition rate and the levels of MCP1/CCR2 proteins (P < 0.01). In vivo, GSDMD knockout dramatically eliminated inflammatory damage in the liver and improved the survival of D-Galn/LPS-induced ALF mice (P < 0.001). Unlike the mechanism of immune cell pyroptosis that involves releasing interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, GSDMD-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis recruited macrophages via MCP1/CCR2 to aggravate hepatocyte death. However, this pathological process was inhibited after knocking down GSDMD.
CONCLUSION GSDMD-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ALF, recruiting macrophages to release inflammatory mediators by upregulating MCP1/CCR2 and leading to expansion of the inflammatory responses. GSDMD knockout can reduce hepatocyte death and inflammatory responses, thus alleviating ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xue-Ke Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yi-Ju Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center of the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ming-Yu Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ming-Liang Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
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Abstract
The efficacy of cancer chemotherapy is enhanced by induction of sustainable anti-tumor immune responses. Such responses involve accumulation of immunogenic mediators, such as extracellular ATP and ATP metabolites, within the tumor microenvironment. Recent studies have identified nucleotide-permeable plasma membrane channels or pores that are activated as early downstream consequences of different regulated cell death pathways: pannexin-1 channels in apoptosis, MLKL pores in necroptosis, and gasdermin-family pores in pyroptosis. This chapter describes the use of highly quantitative and semi-high-throughput methods based on the ATP sensor luciferase to measure dynamic changes in extracellular ATP, ADP, and AMP in tissue/cell culture models of cancer cells during various modes of regulated cell death in response to chemotherapeutic drugs, death receptors, or metabolic perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Dubyak
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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36
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Legrand AJ, Konstantinou M, Goode EF, Meier P. The Diversification of Cell Death and Immunity: Memento Mori. Mol Cell 2019; 76:232-242. [PMID: 31586546 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Why do cells have so many ways to die? Why does "cellular suicide" exist at all? In the war against pathogens and rogue cells, organisms developed cellular suicide as a last resort. Fighting an evolutionary arms race, cell death pathways have adapted and multiplied to cover the complexity of the foes the immune system faces. In this review, we discuss the different types of cell death, the underlying signaling events, and their unequal ability to trigger an immune response. We also comment on how to use our knowledge of cell death signaling to improve the efficacy of cancer treatment. We argue that cell death is integral to the immune response and acts as a beacon, a second messenger, that guides both immune system and tissue micro-environment to ensure tissue repair and homeostasis. Memento mori-"remember you must die"-as failure to do so opens the way to chronic infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud J Legrand
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Maria Konstantinou
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Emily F Goode
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Pascal Meier
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK.
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37
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Fink SL, Cookson BT. Pillars Article: Caspase-1-dependent pore formation during pyroptosis leads to osmotic lysis of infected host macrophages. Cell Microbiol. 2006. 8: 1812-1825. J Immunol 2019; 202:1913-1926. [PMID: 30885987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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38
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Gu L, Meng R, Tang Y, Zhao K, Liang F, Zhang R, Xue Q, Chen F, Xiao X, Wang H, Wang H, Billiar TR, Lu B. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Licenses the Cytosolic Transport of Lipopolysaccharide From Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Shock 2019; 51:256-265. [PMID: 29462003 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), released by variety of bacteria, are membrane-enclosed entities enriched in microbial components, toxins, and virulent factors. OMVs could deliver lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the cytosol of host cells and subsequently activate caspase-11, which critically orchestrates immune responses and mediates septic shock. Although it is known that caspase-11 is activated by intracellular LPS, how OMVs deliver LPS into the cytosol remains largely unknown. Here we show that the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a LPS receptor on the cytoplasmic membrane, licenses macrophages to transport LPS from OMVs into the cytosol through TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (TRIF). TRIF-mediated cytosolic delivery of LPS from OMVs depends on the production of type 1 interferon and the expression of guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs). Deletion of TRIF or GBPs prevents pyroptosis and lethality induced by OMVs or OMVs-releasing Escherichia coli. Together, these findings provide novel insight into how host coordinates extracellular and intracellular LPS sensing to orchestrate immune responses during gram-negative bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Gu
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yiting Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Fangping Chen
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Sepsis and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ben Lu
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-Resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Sepsis and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
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Frank D, Vince JE. Pyroptosis versus necroptosis: similarities, differences, and crosstalk. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:99-114. [PMID: 30341423 PMCID: PMC6294779 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 609] [Impact Index Per Article: 121.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis and necroptosis represent two pathways of genetically encoded necrotic cell death. Although these cell death programmes can protect the host against microbial pathogens, their dysregulation has been implicated in a variety of autoimmune and auto-inflammatory conditions. The disease-promoting potential of necroptosis and pyroptosis is likely a consequence of their ability to induce a lytic cell death. This cell suicide mechanism, distinct from apoptosis, allows the release of immunogenic cellular content, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), to trigger inflammation. In this Review, we discuss recent discoveries that have advanced our understanding on the primary functions of pyroptosis and necroptosis, including evidence for the specific cytokines and DAMPs responsible for driving inflammation. We compare the similar and unique aspects of pyroptotic- and necroptotic-induced membrane damage, and explore how these may functionally impact distinct intracellular organelles and signalling pathways. We also examine studies highlighting the crosstalk that can occur between necroptosis and pyroptosis signalling, and evidence supporting the physiological significance of this convergence. Ultimately, a better understanding of the similarities, unique aspects and crosstalk of pyroptosis and necroptosis will inform as to how these cell death pathways might be manipulated for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Frank
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia
| | - James E Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.
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40
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Yokoyama S, Cai Y, Murata M, Tomita T, Yoneda M, Xu L, Pilon AL, Cachau RE, Kimura S. A novel pathway of LPS uptake through syndecan-1 leading to pyroptotic cell death. eLife 2018; 7:e37854. [PMID: 30526845 PMCID: PMC6286126 DOI: 10.7554/elife.37854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers the non-canonical inflammasome pathway, resulting in pyroptosis of innate immune cells. In addition to its well-known proinflammatory role, LPS can directly cause regression of some tumors, although the underlying mechanism has remained unknown. Here we show that secretoglobin(SCGB)3A2, a small protein predominantly secreted in airways, chaperones LPS to the cytosol through the cell surface receptor syndecan-1; this leads to pyroptotic cell death driven by caspase-11. SCGB3A2 and LPS co-treatment significantly induced pyroptosis of macrophage RAW264.7 cells and decreased cancer cell proliferation in vitro, while SCGB3A2 treatment resulted in reduced progression of xenograft tumors in mice. These data suggest a conserved function for SCGB3A2 in the innate immune system and cancer cells. These findings demonstrate a critical role for SCGB3A2 as an LPS delivery vehicle; they reveal one mechanism whereby LPS enters innate immune cells leading to pyroptosis, and they clarify the direct effect of LPS on cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biological Transport
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/mortality
- Caspases/genetics
- Caspases/immunology
- Caspases, Initiator
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/mortality
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Protein Array Analysis
- Pyroptosis/drug effects
- Pyroptosis/genetics
- Pyroptosis/immunology
- RAW 264.7 Cells
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/immunology
- Secretoglobins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Secretoglobins/genetics
- Secretoglobins/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Analysis
- Syndecan-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Syndecan-1/genetics
- Syndecan-1/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/immunology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetoshi Yokoyama
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Yan Cai
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Miyuki Murata
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Takeshi Tomita
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoneda
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Lei Xu
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | | | - Raul E Cachau
- Advanced Biomedical Computing CenterFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Inc.FrederickUnited States
| | - Shioko Kimura
- Laboratory of MetabolismNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
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41
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Deng M, Tang Y, Li W, Wang X, Zhang R, Zhang X, Zhao X, Liu J, Tang C, Liu Z, Huang Y, Peng H, Xiao L, Tang D, Scott MJ, Wang Q, Liu J, Xiao X, Watkins S, Li J, Yang H, Wang H, Chen F, Tracey KJ, Billiar TR, Lu B. The Endotoxin Delivery Protein HMGB1 Mediates Caspase-11-Dependent Lethality in Sepsis. Immunity 2018; 49:740-753.e7. [PMID: 30314759 PMCID: PMC6300139 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Caspase-11, a cytosolic endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide: LPS) receptor, mediates pyroptosis, a lytic form of cell death. Caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis mediates lethality in endotoxemia, but it is unclear how LPS is delivered into the cytosol for the activation of caspase-11. Here we discovered that hepatocyte-released high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was required for caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis and lethality in endotoxemia and bacterial sepsis. Mechanistically, hepatocyte-released HMGB1 bound LPS and targeted its internalization into the lysosomes of macrophages and endothelial cells via the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE). Subsequently, HMGB1 permeabilized the phospholipid bilayer in the acidic environment of lysosomes. This resulted in LPS leakage into the cytosol and caspase-11 activation. Depletion of hepatocyte HMGB1, inhibition of hepatocyte HMGB1 release, neutralizing extracellular HMGB1, or RAGE deficiency prevented caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis and death in endotoxemia and bacterial sepsis. These findings indicate that HMGB1 interacts with LPS to mediate caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in lethal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihong Deng
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yiting Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xianying Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Hai-ke Rd, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Huige Peng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Hai-ke Rd, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Lehui Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300073, P.R. China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Melanie J Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China
| | - Simon Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jianhua Li
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Huan Yang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Haichao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Fangping Chen
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Ben Lu
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer of Hunan Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P.R. China.
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42
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Ghimire L, Paudel S, Jin L, Baral P, Cai S, Jeyaseelan S. NLRP6 negatively regulates pulmonary host defense in Gram-positive bacterial infection through modulating neutrophil recruitment and function. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007308. [PMID: 30248149 PMCID: PMC6171945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus are endemic in the U.S., which cause life-threatening necrotizing pneumonia. Neutrophils are known to be critical for clearance of S. aureus infection from the lungs and extrapulmonary organs. Therefore, we investigated whether the NLRP6 inflammasome regulates neutrophil-dependent host immunity during pulmonary S. aureus infection. Unlike their wild-type (WT) counterparts, NLRP6 knockout (KO) mice were protected against pulmonary S. aureus infection as evidenced by their higher survival rate and lower bacterial burden in the lungs and extrapulmonary organs. In addition, NLRP6 KO mice displayed increased neutrophil recruitment following infection, and when neutrophils were depleted the protective effect was lost. Furthermore, neutrophils from the KO mice demonstrated enhanced intracellular bacterial killing and increased NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production. Intriguingly, we found higher NK cell-mediated IFN-γ production in KO mouse lungs, and treatment with IFN-γ was found to enhance the bactericidal ability of WT and KO neutrophils. The NLRP6 KO mice also displayed decreased pyroptosis and necroptosis in the lungs following infection. Blocking of pyroptosis and necroptosis in WT mice resulted in increased survival, reduced bacterial burden in the lungs, and attenuated cytokine production. Taken together, these novel findings show that NLRP6 serves as a negative regulator of neutrophil-mediated host defense during Gram-positive bacterial infection in the lungs through regulating both neutrophil influx and function. These results also suggest that blocking NLRP6 to augment neutrophil-associated bacterial clearance should be considered as a potential therapeutic intervention strategy for treatment of S. aureus pneumonia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Female
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
- Humans
- Inflammasomes/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/microbiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neutrophil Infiltration/immunology
- Pneumonia, Necrotizing/immunology
- Pneumonia, Necrotizing/microbiology
- Pneumonia, Staphylococcal/immunology
- Pneumonia, Staphylococcal/microbiology
- Pyroptosis/immunology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Staphylococcus aureus/immunology
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Ghimire
- Lung Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Sagar Paudel
- Lung Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Liliang Jin
- Lung Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Pankaj Baral
- Lung Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Shanshan Cai
- Lung Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Samithamby Jeyaseelan
- Lung Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
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43
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Eichholz K, Bru T, Tran TTP, Fernandes P, Welles H, Mennechet FJD, Manel N, Alves P, Perreau M, Kremer EJ. Immune-Complexed Adenovirus Induce AIM2-Mediated Pyroptosis in Human Dendritic Cells. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005871. [PMID: 27636895 PMCID: PMC5026364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are nonenveloped proteinaceous particles containing a linear double-stranded DNA genome. HAdVs cause a spectrum of pathologies in all populations regardless of health standards. Following repeat exposure to multiple HAdV types, we develop robust and long-lived humoral and cellular immune responses that provide life-long protection from de novo infections and persistent HAdV. How HAdVs, anti-HAdV antibodies and antigen presenting cells (APCs) interact to influence infection is still incompletely understood. In our study, we used physical, pharmacological, biochemical, fluorescence and electron microscopy, molecular and cell biology approaches to dissect the impact of immune-complexed HAdV (IC-HAdV) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). We show that IC-HAdV generate stabilized complexes of ~200 nm that are efficiently internalized by, and aggregate in, MoDCs. By comparing IC-HAdV, IC-empty capsid, IC-Ad2ts1 (a HAdV-C2 impaired in endosomal escape due to a mutation that impacts protease encapsidation) and IC-AdL40Q (a HAdV-C5 impaired in endosomal escape due to a mutation in protein VI), we demonstrate that protein VI-dependent endosomal escape is required for the HAdV genome to engage the DNA pattern recognition receptor AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2). AIM2 engagement induces pyroptotic MoDC death via ASC (apoptosis-associated speck protein containing a caspase activation/recruitment domain) aggregation, inflammasome formation, caspase 1 activation, and IL-1β and gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage. Our study provides mechanistic insight into how humoral immunity initiates an innate immune response to HAdV-C5 in human professional APCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Eichholz
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Bru
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thi Thu Phuong Tran
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Paulo Fernandes
- iBET- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Hugh Welles
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Franck J. D. Mennechet
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Paula Alves
- iBET- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric J. Kremer
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS 5535, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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