1
|
Gries R, Chhen J, van Gumpel E, Theobald SJ, Sonnenkalb L, Utpatel C, Metzen F, Koch M, Dallenga T, Djaout K, Baulard A, Dal Molin M, Rybniker J. Discovery of dual-active ethionamide boosters inhibiting the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESX-1 secretion system. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:699-711.e6. [PMID: 38181799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a major public health concern requiring complementary approaches to standard anti-tuberculous regimens. Anti-virulence molecules or compounds that enhance the activity of antimicrobial prodrugs are promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Exploiting host cell-based drug discovery, we identified an oxadiazole compound (S3) that blocks the ESX-1 secretion system, a major virulence factor of Mtb. S3-treated mycobacteria showed impaired intracellular growth and a reduced ability to lyse macrophages. RNA sequencing experiments of drug-exposed bacteria revealed strong upregulation of a distinct set of genes including ethA, encoding a monooxygenase activating the anti-tuberculous prodrug ethionamide. Accordingly, we found a strong ethionamide boosting effect in S3-treated Mtb. Extensive structure-activity relationship experiments revealed that anti-virulence and ethionamide-boosting activity can be uncoupled by chemical modification of the primary hit molecule. To conclude, this series of dual-active oxadiazole compounds targets Mtb via two distinct mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gries
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jason Chhen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Edeltraud van Gumpel
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lindsay Sonnenkalb
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 23845 Borstel, Germany; Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Christian Utpatel
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 23845 Borstel, Germany; Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Fabian Metzen
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Dallenga
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 23845 Borstel, Germany; Cellular Microbiology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Kamel Djaout
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Alain Baulard
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Michael Dal Molin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Albert MC, Uranga-Murillo I, Arias M, De Miguel D, Peña N, Montinaro A, Varanda AB, Theobald SJ, Areso I, Saggau J, Koch M, Liccardi G, Peltzer N, Rybniker J, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Merino P, Monzón M, Badiola JJ, Reindl-Schwaighofer R, Sanz-Pamplona R, Cebollada-Solanas A, Megyesfalvi Z, Dome B, Secrier M, Hartmann B, Bergmann M, Pardo J, Walczak H. Identification of FasL as a crucial host factor driving COVID-19 pathology and lethality. Cell Death Differ 2024:10.1038/s41418-024-01278-6. [PMID: 38514848 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated immune response and inflammation resulting in severe COVID-19 are still incompletely understood. Having recently determined that aberrant death-ligand-induced cell death can cause lethal inflammation, we hypothesized that this process might also cause or contribute to inflammatory disease and lung failure following SARS-CoV-2 infection. To test this hypothesis, we developed a novel mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 model (MA20) that recapitulates key pathological features of COVID-19. Concomitantly with occurrence of cell death and inflammation, FasL expression was significantly increased on inflammatory monocytic macrophages and NK cells in the lungs of MA20-infected mice. Importantly, therapeutic FasL inhibition markedly increased survival of both, young and old MA20-infected mice coincident with substantially reduced cell death and inflammation in their lungs. Intriguingly, FasL was also increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of critically-ill COVID-19 patients. Together, these results identify FasL as a crucial host factor driving the immuno-pathology that underlies COVID-19 severity and lethality, and imply that patients with severe COVID-19 may significantly benefit from therapeutic inhibition of FasL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Albert
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry I, Centre for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Iratxe Uranga-Murillo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), San Juan Bosco 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Paediatrics, Radiology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Maykel Arias
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), San Juan Bosco 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Paediatrics, Radiology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Diego De Miguel
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), San Juan Bosco 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Natacha Peña
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), San Juan Bosco 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Antonella Montinaro
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Ana Beatriz Varanda
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry I, Centre for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Itziar Areso
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Julia Saggau
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry I, Centre for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Genome instability, inflammation and cell death laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry I, Centre for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institue for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Gianmaria Liccardi
- Genome instability, inflammation and cell death laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry I, Centre for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Nieves Peltzer
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
- Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain
| | - Marta Monzón
- Research Centre for Encephalopaties and Transmissible Emerging Diseases, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50013, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Juan J Badiola
- Research Centre for Encephalopaties and Transmissible Emerging Diseases, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50013, Spain
| | | | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), San Juan Bosco 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Alberto Cebollada-Solanas
- Aragon Biomedical Research Center (CIBA), Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Unidad de Biocomputación, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Deparment of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Balazs Dome
- Deparment of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Maria Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Hartmann
- Virology Group, Institute for Veterinary Disease Control at AGES, Moedling, 2340, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Div. of Visceral Surgery, Dept. of General Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Julián Pardo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), San Juan Bosco 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Paediatrics, Radiology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Henning Walczak
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany.
- Cell death, inflammation and immunity laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry I, Centre for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany.
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Suárez I, Rauschning D, Schüller C, Hagemeier A, Stecher M, Lehmann C, Schommers P, Schlabe S, Vehreschild JJ, Koll C, Schwarze-Zander C, Wasmuth JC, Klingmüller A, Rockstroh JK, Fätkenheuer G, Boesecke C, Rybniker J. Incidence and risk factors for HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Cologne-Bonn region: a retrospective cohort study. Infection 2024:10.1007/s15010-024-02215-y. [PMID: 38492196 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) is considerably increased in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). However, incidence of HIV/TB coinfection is difficult to assess as surveillance data are lacking in many countries. Here, we aimed to perform a quantitative analysis of HIV/TB coinfections within the Cologne/Bonn HIV cohort and to determine risk factors for active TB. METHODS We systematically evaluated data of patients with HIV/TB coinfection between 2006 and 2017. In this retrospective analysis, we compared HIV/TB-coinfected patients with a cohort of HIV-positive patients. The incidence density rate (IDR) was calculated for active TB cases at different time points. RESULTS During 2006-2017, 60 out of 4673 PLWH were diagnosed with active TB. Overall IDR was 0.181 cases/100 patient-years and ranged from 0.266 in 2006-2009 to 0.133 in 2014-2017. Patients originating from Sub-Saharan Africa had a significantly (p < 0.001) higher IDR (0.694/100 patient-years of observation, 95% CI [0.435-1.050]) in comparison to patients of German origin (0.053/100 patient-years of observation, 95% CI [0.028-0.091]). In terms of TB-free survival, individuals originating from countries with a TB incidence higher than 10/100,000 exhibited a markedly reduced TB-free survival compared to those originating from regions with lower incidence (p < 0.001). In 22 patients, TB and HIV infection were diagnosed simultaneously. CONCLUSION Overall, we observed a decline in the incidence density rate (IDR) of HIV/TB coinfections between 2006 and 2017. Patients originating from regions with high incidence bear a higher risk of falling ill with active TB. For PLWH born in Germany, the observed risk of active TB appears to be lower compared to other groups within the cohort. These findings should be considered when developing TB containment and screening strategies for PLWH in low-incidence countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Suárez
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominic Rauschning
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department IB of Internal Medicine, Bundeswehrzentralkrankenhaus Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Cora Schüller
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Hagemeier
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Stecher
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Schommers
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Schlabe
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg-Janne Vehreschild
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Medical Department 2 (Hematology/Oncology and Infectious Diseases), Center for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carolin Koll
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolynne Schwarze-Zander
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Gemeinschaftspraxis am Kaiserplatz, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan-Christian Wasmuth
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Angela Klingmüller
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kurt Rockstroh
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Boesecke
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne/Bonn, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Knopf JD, Steigleder SS, Korn F, Kühnle N, Badenes M, Tauber M, Theobald SJ, Rybniker J, Adrain C, Lemberg MK. RHBDL4-triggered downregulation of COPII adaptor protein TMED7 suppresses TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1528. [PMID: 38453906 PMCID: PMC10920636 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45615-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a central regulator of innate immunity that primarily recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharide cell wall constituents to trigger cytokine secretion. We identify the intramembrane protease RHBDL4 as a negative regulator of TLR4 signaling. We show that RHBDL4 triggers degradation of TLR4's trafficking factor TMED7. This counteracts TLR4 transport to the cell surface. Notably, TLR4 activation mediates transcriptional upregulation of RHBDL4 thereby inducing a negative feedback loop to reduce TLR4 trafficking to the plasma membrane. This secretory cargo tuning mechanism prevents the over-activation of TLR4-dependent signaling in an in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis macrophage infection model and consequently alleviates septic shock in a mouse model. A hypomorphic RHBDL4 mutation linked to Kawasaki syndrome, an ill-defined inflammatory disorder in children, further supports the pathophysiological relevance of our findings. In this work, we identify an RHBDL4-mediated axis that acts as a rheostat to prevent over-activation of the TLR4 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Knopf
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne S Steigleder
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Friederike Korn
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nathalie Kühnle
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Badenes
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University and Faculty of Veterinary Nursing, Polytechnic Institute of Lusofonia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marina Tauber
- Center for Biochemistry and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Colin Adrain
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Marius K Lemberg
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Center for Biochemistry and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Theobald SJ, Fiestas E, Schneider A, Ostermann B, Danisch S, von Kaisenberg C, Rybniker J, Hammerschmidt W, Zeidler R, Stripecke R. Fully Human Herpesvirus-Specific Neutralizing IgG Antibodies Generated by EBV Immortalization of Splenocytes-Derived from Immunized Humanized Mice. Cells 2023; 13:20. [PMID: 38201224 PMCID: PMC10778511 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antiviral neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are commonly derived from B cells developed in immunized or infected animals and humans. Fully human antibodies are preferred for clinical use as they are potentially less immunogenic. However, the function of B cells varies depending on their homing pattern and an additional hurdle for antibody discovery in humans is the source of human tissues with an immunological microenvironment. Here, we show an efficient method to pharm human antibodies using immortalized B cells recovered from Nod.Rag.Gamma (NRG) mice reconstituting the human immune system (HIS). Humanized HIS mice were immunized either with autologous engineered dendritic cells expressing the human cytomegalovirus gB envelope protein (HCMV-gB) or with Epstein-Barr virus-like particles (EB-VLP). Human B cells recovered from spleen of HIS mice were efficiently immortalized with EBV in vitro. We show that these immortalized B cells secreted human IgGs with neutralization capacities against prototypic HCMV-gB and EBV-gp350. Taken together, we show that HIS mice can be successfully used for the generation and pharming fully human IgGs. This technology can be further explored to generate antibodies against emerging infections for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.R.); (R.S.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.S.); (S.D.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Fiestas
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany (W.H.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.S.); (S.D.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ostermann
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.S.); (S.D.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Simon Danisch
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.S.); (S.D.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.R.); (R.S.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hammerschmidt
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany (W.H.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Reinhard Zeidler
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Munich University Hospital, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.R.); (R.S.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.S.); (S.D.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Translational Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Simonis A, Kreer C, Albus A, Rox K, Yuan B, Holzmann D, Wilms JA, Zuber S, Kottege L, Winter S, Meyer M, Schmitt K, Gruell H, Theobald SJ, Hellmann AM, Meyer C, Ercanoglu MS, Cramer N, Munder A, Hallek M, Fätkenheuer G, Koch M, Seifert H, Rietschel E, Marlovits TC, van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S, Klein F, Rybniker J. Discovery of highly neutralizing human antibodies targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cell 2023; 186:5098-5113.e19. [PMID: 37918395 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) poses an emerging threat to human health with urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Here, we deciphered the B cell and antibody response to the virulence-associated type III secretion system (T3SS) in a cohort of patients chronically infected with PA. Single-cell analytics revealed a diverse B cell receptor repertoire directed against the T3SS needle-tip protein PcrV, enabling the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) abrogating T3SS-mediated cytotoxicity. Mechanistic studies involving cryoelectron microscopy identified a surface-exposed C-terminal PcrV epitope as the target of highly neutralizing mAbs with broad activity against drug-resistant PA isolates. These anti-PcrV mAbs were as effective as treatment with conventional antibiotics in vivo. Our study reveals that chronically infected patients represent a source of neutralizing antibodies, which can be exploited as therapeutics against PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Christoph Kreer
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Albus
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Rox
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Biao Yuan
- Institute of Structural and Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Zentrum (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitriy Holzmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Joana A Wilms
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvia Zuber
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Kottege
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Meike Meyer
- CF Centre, Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, University Children's Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kristin Schmitt
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Gruell
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Hellmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Meyer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Meryem Seda Ercanoglu
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Cramer
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Antje Munder
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Harald Seifert
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ernst Rietschel
- CF Centre, Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, University Children's Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas C Marlovits
- Institute of Structural and Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Zentrum (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel
- CF Centre, Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, University Children's Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hamdorf M, Imhof T, Bailey-Elkin B, Betz J, Theobald SJ, Simonis A, Di Cristanziano V, Gieselmann L, Dewald F, Lehmann C, Augustin M, Klein F, Alcazar MAA, Rongisch R, Fabri M, Rybniker J, Goebel H, Stetefeld J, Brachvogel B, Cursiefen C, Koch M, Bock F. The unique ORF8 protein from SARS-CoV-2 binds to human dendritic cells and induces a hyper-inflammatory cytokine storm. J Mol Cell Biol 2023:mjad062. [PMID: 37891014 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus pandemic, first reported in December 2019, was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a strong immune response and activation of antigen-presenting cells, which can elicit acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) characterized by the rapid onset of widespread inflammation, the so-called cytokine storm. In response to viral infections, monocytes are recruited into the lung and subsequently differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are critical players in the development of the acute lung inflammation that causes ARDS. Here we focus on the interaction of a specific SARS-CoV-2 open reading frame protein, ORF8, with DCs. We show that ORF8 binds to DCs, causes a pre-maturation of differentiating DCs, and induces the secretion of multiple proinflammatory cytokines by these cells. In addition, we identified DC-SIGN as a possible interaction partner of ORF8 on DCs. Blockade of ORF8 leads to reduced production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, MCP-1 (also named CCL2), and IL-10 by DCs. Therefore, a neutralizing antibody blocking the ORF8-mediated cytokine and chemokine response could be an improved therapeutical strategy against severe SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hamdorf
- Cornea Lab Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Thomas Imhof
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Dentistry and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ben Bailey-Elkin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3B 2E9 Manitoba, Canada
| | - Janina Betz
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Dentistry and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lutz Gieselmann
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Dewald
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Max Augustin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Miguel A Alejandre Alcazar
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Centre, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Robert Rongisch
- Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Mario Fabri
- Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Heike Goebel
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg Stetefeld
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3B 2E9 Manitoba, Canada
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Cornea Lab Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Dentistry and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Bock
- Cornea Lab Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gries R, Dal Molin M, Chhen J, van Gumpel E, Dreyer V, Niemann S, Rybniker J. Characterization of Two Novel Inhibitors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cytochrome bc1 Complex. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0025123. [PMID: 37358461 PMCID: PMC10353358 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00251-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a global health care threat calling for novel effective treatment options. Here, we report on two novel cytochrome bc1 inhibitors (MJ-22 and B6) targeting the Mycobacterium tuberculosis respiratory chain with excellent intracellular activities in human macrophages. Both hit compounds revealed very low mutation frequencies and distinct cross-resistance patterns with other advanced cytochrome bc1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gries
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Dal Molin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jason Chhen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edeltraud van Gumpel
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Viola Dreyer
- Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
| | - Stefan Niemann
- Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Augustin M, Heyn F, Ullrich S, Sandaradura de Silva U, Albert MC, Linne V, Schlotz M, Schommers P, Pracht E, Horn C, Suarez I, Simonis A, Picard LK, Zoufaly A, Wenisch C, Fätkenheuer G, Gruell H, Klein F, Hallek M, Walczak H, Rybniker J, Theobald SJ, Lehmann C. Immunological fingerprint in coronavirus disease-19 convalescents with and without post-COVID syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1129288. [PMID: 37168268 PMCID: PMC10165999 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1129288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Symptoms lasting longer than 12 weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are called post-coronavirus disease (COVID) syndrome (PCS). The identification of new biomarkers that predict the occurrence or course of PCS in terms of a post-viral syndrome is vital. T-cell dysfunction, cytokine imbalance, and impaired autoimmunity have been reported in PCS. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of conclusive information on the underlying mechanisms due to, among other things, a lack of controlled study designs. Methods Here, we conducted a prospective, controlled study to characterize the humoral and cellular immune response in unvaccinated patients with and without PCS following SARS-CoV-2 infection over 7 months and unexposed donors. Results Patients with PCS showed as early as 6 weeks and 7 months after symptom onset significantly increased frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells secreting IFNγ, TNF, and expressing CD40L, as well as plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) with an activated phenotype. Remarkably, the immunosuppressive counterparts type 1 regulatory T-cells (TR1: CD49b/LAG-3+) and IL-4 were more abundant in PCS+. Conclusion This work describes immunological alterations between inflammation and immunosuppression in COVID-19 convalescents with and without PCS, which may provide potential directions for future epidemiological investigations and targeted treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Augustin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Heyn
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Stella Ullrich
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Sandaradura de Silva
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Albert
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Viktoria Linne
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maike Schlotz
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Schommers
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Pracht
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carola Horn
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suarez
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Lea Katharina Picard
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Zoufaly
- Department IV of Internal Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wenisch
- Department IV of Internal Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Gruell
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Walczak
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J. Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kollmorgen I, Bachmann N, Molin MD, Degenhart C, Zent E, Pareek V, Koch U, Rybniker J, Metzler-Nolte N, Stoll R, Klebl B, Bandow JE, Scherkenbeck J. A Reinvestigation of the Role of the Sorbic Acid Tail on the Antibacterial and Anti-Tuberculosis Properties of Moiramide B. ChemMedChem 2023:e202200631. [PMID: 36883965 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to worldwide increasing resistances, there is a considerable need for antibacterial compounds with modes of action not yet realized in commercial antibiotics. One such promising structure is the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibi-tor moiramide B which shows strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and weaker activities against gram-negative bacteria. However, the narrow structure-activity relationship of the pseudopeptide unit of moiramide B represents a formidable challenge for any opti-mization strategy. In contrast, the lipophilic fatty acid tail is considered an unspe-cific vehicle responsible only for the transport of moiramide into the bac-terial cell. Here we show that the sorbic acid unit, in fact, is highly relevant for ACC inhibition. A hitherto undescribed sub-pocket at the end of the sorbic acid channel binds strongly aromatic rings and allows the development of moiramide derivatives with altered antibacterial profiles including anti-tubercular activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kollmorgen
- University of Wuppertal: Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, School of Mathematics and Natural Scienes, GERMANY
| | - Nathalie Bachmann
- Ruhr University Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Michael Dal Molin
- University of Cologne: Universitat zu Koln, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, GERMANY
| | | | - Eldar Zent
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Biology, GERMANY
| | - Vikram Pareek
- Ruhr University Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Uwe Koch
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Jan Rybniker
- University of Cologne: Universitat zu Koln, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, GERMANY
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Ruhr University Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Ruhr University Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Spectroscopy and RUBiospec
- NMR, GERMANY
| | - Bert Klebl
- Lead discover Center GmbH, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Julia Elisabeth Bandow
- Ruhr University Bochum: Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, GERMANY
| | - Jürgen Scherkenbeck
- University of Wuppertal: Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, Chemistry and Biology, Gaußstraße 20, 42119, Wuppertal, GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Malin JJ, Suárez I, Biehl LM, Schommers P, Knops E, Di Cristanziano V, Heger E, Pflieger E, Wyen C, Bettin D, Rybniker J, Fätkenheuer G, Lehmann C. Immune response to mRNA-based COVID-19 booster vaccination in people living with HIV. HIV Med 2023. [PMID: 36883641 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to assess immune responses and their influencing factors in people living with HIV after messenger RNA (mRNA)-based COVID-19 booster vaccination (third dose). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of people living with HIV who received booster vaccination with BNT-162b2 or mRNA-1273 between October 2021 and January 2022. We assessed anti-spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG), virus neutralizing activity (VNA) titres reported as 100% inhibitory dilution (ID100 ), and T-cell response (using interferon-gamma-release-assay [IGRA]) at baseline and quarterly follow-up visits. Patients with reported COVID-19 during follow-up were excluded. Predictors of serological immune response were analyzed using multivariate regression models. RESULTS Of 84 people living with HIV who received an mRNA-based booster vaccination, 76 were eligible for analysis. Participants were on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) and had a median of 670 CD4+ cells/μL (interquartile range [IQR] 540-850). Following booster vaccination, median anti-spike RBD IgG increased by 705.2 binding antibody units per millilitre (BAU/mL) and median VNA titres increased by 1000 ID100 at the follow-up assessment (median 13 weeks later). Multivariate regression revealed that time since second vaccination was a predictor of stronger serological responses (p < 0.0001). No association was found for other factors, including CD4+ status, choice of mRNA vaccine, or concomitant influenza vaccination. In total, 45 patients (59%) had a reactive baseline IGRA, of whom two lost reactivity during follow-up. Of 31 patients (41%) with non-reactive baseline IGRA, 17 (55%) converted to reactive and seven (23%) remained unchanged following booster vaccination. CONCLUSIONS People living with HIV with ≥500 CD4+ cells/μL showed favourable immune responses to mRNA-based COVID-19 booster vaccination. A longer time (up to 29 weeks) since second vaccination was associated with higher serological responses, whereas choice of mRNA vaccine or concomitant influenza vaccination had no impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob J Malin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena M Biehl
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Schommers
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Knops
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Heger
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Pflieger
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Wyen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Bettin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
van Wijk RC, Lucía A, Sudhakar PK, Sonnenkalb L, Gaudin C, Hoffmann E, Dremierre B, Aguilar-Ayala DA, Dal Molin M, Rybniker J, de Giorgi S, Cioetto-Mazzabò L, Segafreddo G, Manganelli R, Degiacomi G, Recchia D, Pasca MR, Simonsson USH, Ramón-García S. Implementing best practises on data generation and reporting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro assays within the ERA4TB consortium. iScience 2023; 26:106411. [PMID: 37091238 PMCID: PMC10119593 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the historical leading cause of death by a single infectious agent. The European Regimen Accelerator for Tuberculosis (ERA4TB) is a public-private partnership of 30+ institutions with the objective to progress new anti-TB regimens into the clinic. Thus, robust and replicable results across independent laboratories are essential for reliable interpretation of treatment efficacy. A standardization workgroup unified in vitro protocols and data reporting templates. Time-kill assays provide essential input data for pharmacometric model-informed translation of single agents and regimens activity from in vitro to in vivo and the clinic. Five conditions were assessed by time-kill assays in six independent laboratories using four bacterial plating methods. Baseline bacterial burden varied between laboratories but variability was limited in net drug effect, confirming 2.5 μL equally robust as 100 μL plating. This exercise establishes the foundations of collaborative data generation, reporting, and integration within the overarching Antimicrobial Resistance Accelerator program.
Collapse
|
13
|
Hoffmann AM, Wolke M, Rybniker J, Plum G, Fuchs F. Activity of the old antimicrobial nitroxoline against Mycobacterium abscessus complex isolates. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 33:1-4. [PMID: 36842457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The old antimicrobial nitroxoline is approved to treat urinary tract infection (UTI) and is currently rediscovered for treatment of drug resistant pathogens. Mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MYABS) are rapid-growing nontuberculous mycobacteria that are associated with difficult to treat infections of the lungs in patients with pulmonary disorders such as cystic fibrosis. In this study we assessed the in vitro activity of nitroxoline against molecularly characterized drug-resistant MYABS isolates from clinical samples to address potential repurposing of nitroxoline in difficult-to-treat MYABS infection. METHODS The isolates originated from clinical samples collected between 2010 and 2019 at the University Hospital of Cologne, Germany (N=16; 10/16 M. abscessus Spp. abscessus, 4/16 M. abscessus Spp. massiliense, 2/16 M. abscessus Spp. bolletii). Nitroxoline activity was compared to standard antimicrobials recommended for treatment of MYABS infection. For drug susceptibility testing of nitroxoline and comparators broth microdilution was performed based on current Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. RESULTS Nitroxoline yielded a MIC90 of 4 mg/L (range 2-4 mg/L), which is two twofold dilutions below the current EUCAST susceptibility breakpoint of ≤ 16 mg/L (limited to uncomplicated UTI and Escherichia coli). Resistance to other antimicrobials was common in our cohort (16/16 isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin, imipenem and doxycycline; 12/16 isolates resistant to tobramycin; 9/16 isolates resistant to cefoxitin; 7/16 isolates resistant to clarithromycin; 2/16 isolates resistant to amikacin). CONCLUSION Nitroxoline has a promising in vitro activity against drug-resistant MYABS isolates. Future studies should investigate this finding with macrophage and in vivo models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada Marie Hoffmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Medical faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martina Wolke
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Medical faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Bonn Cologne
| | - Georg Plum
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Medical faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frieder Fuchs
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Medical faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tometten L, Malin JJ, Pracht E, Bröckelmann PJ, Horn C, Sprute R, Langhorst CA, Hallek M, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. [Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 infections in immunodeficiency]. Inn Med (Heidelb) 2023; 64:84-87. [PMID: 36307654 PMCID: PMC9616396 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-022-01424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A patient with immunodeficiency due to a B-cell lymphoma has repeatedly been tested positive for SARS-CoV‑2 during the ongoing SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic and has twice received in-hospital treatment. Chronic and recurrent SARS-CoV‑2 infections are a threat to the individual health of immunodeficient patients. Only few therapeutic options are available especially due to emerging virus variants with immune escape mechanisms. The medical care of immunodeficient patients with SARS-CoV‑2 infections is a great challenge to the treating physician in the ongoing pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Tometten
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - J. J. Malin
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - E. Pracht
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - P. J. Bröckelmann
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - C. Horn
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - R. Sprute
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - C. A. Langhorst
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - M. Hallek
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - G. Fätkenheuer
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| | - J. Rybniker
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Köln, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Otto-Knapp R, Häcker B, Krieger D, Stete K, Starzacher K, Maier C, Heyckendorf J, Avsar K, Suárez I, Rybniker J, Bauer T, Günther G, Lange C. Long-term multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcome by new WHO definitions in Germany. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.00765-2022. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00765-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Theobald SJ, Rybniker J. Monocyte-crosstalk drives interferon-mediated signaling following SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e11256. [PMID: 36094010 PMCID: PMC9465819 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202211256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of the innate immune system represent the first line of defense against SARS‐CoV‐2 and play an essential role in activating adaptive immunity, which mediates long‐term protection. In addition, the same cells are key drivers of tissue damage by causing the hyperinflammatory state and cytokine storm that makes COVID‐19 a deadly disease. Thus, careful dissection of the host–pathogen interaction on a cellular level is essential to understanding SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenesis and developing new treatment modalities against COVID‐19. In their recent work, Goffinet and colleagues (Kazmierski et al, 2022) investigate the cell‐intrinsic responses of human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to SARS coronaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Degenhardt F, Ellinghaus D, Juzenas S, Lerga-Jaso J, Wendorff M, Maya-Miles D, Uellendahl-Werth F, ElAbd H, Rühlemann MC, Arora J, Özer O, Lenning OB, Myhre R, Vadla MS, Wacker EM, Wienbrandt L, Blandino Ortiz A, de Salazar A, Garrido Chercoles A, Palom A, Ruiz A, Garcia-Fernandez AE, Blanco-Grau A, Mantovani A, Zanella A, Holten AR, Mayer A, Bandera A, Cherubini A, Protti A, Aghemo A, Gerussi A, Ramirez A, Braun A, Nebel A, Barreira A, Lleo A, Teles A, Kildal AB, Biondi A, Caballero-Garralda A, Ganna A, Gori A, Glück A, Lind A, Tanck A, Hinney A, Carreras Nolla A, Fracanzani AL, Peschuck A, Cavallero A, Dyrhol-Riise AM, Ruello A, Julià A, Muscatello A, Pesenti A, Voza A, Rando-Segura A, Solier A, Schmidt A, Cortes B, Mateos B, Nafria-Jimenez B, Schaefer B, Jensen B, Bellinghausen C, Maj C, Ferrando C, de la Horra C, Quereda C, Skurk C, Thibeault C, Scollo C, Herr C, Spinner CD, Gassner C, Lange C, Hu C, Paccapelo C, Lehmann C, Angelini C, Cappadona C, Azuure C, Bianco C, Cea C, Sancho C, Hoff DAL, Galimberti D, Prati D, Haschka D, Jiménez D, Pestaña D, Toapanta D, Muñiz-Diaz E, Azzolini E, Sandoval E, Binatti E, Scarpini E, Helbig ET, Casalone E, Urrechaga E, Paraboschi EM, Pontali E, Reverter E, Calderón EJ, Navas E, Solligård E, Contro E, Arana-Arri E, Aziz F, Garcia F, García Sánchez F, Ceriotti F, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Peyvandi F, Kurth F, Blasi F, Malvestiti F, Medrano FJ, Mesonero F, Rodriguez-Frias F, Hanses F, Müller F, Hemmrich-Stanisak G, Bellani G, Grasselli G, Pezzoli G, Costantino G, Albano G, Cardamone G, Bellelli G, Citerio G, Foti G, Lamorte G, Matullo G, Baselli G, Kurihara H, Neb H, My I, Kurth I, Hernández I, Pink I, de Rojas I, Galván-Femenia I, Holter JC, Afset JE, Heyckendorf J, Kässens J, Damås JK, Rybniker J, Altmüller J, Ampuero J, Martín J, Erdmann J, Banales JM, Badia JR, Dopazo J, Schneider J, Bergan J, Barretina J, Walter J, Hernández Quero J, Goikoetxea J, Delgado J, Guerrero JM, Fazaal J, Kraft J, Schröder J, Risnes K, Banasik K, Müller KE, Gaede KI, Garcia-Etxebarria K, Tonby K, Heggelund L, Izquierdo-Sanchez L, Bettini LR, Sumoy L, Sander LE, Lippert LJ, Terranova L, Nkambule L, Knopp L, Gustad LT, Garbarino L, Santoro L, Téllez L, Roade L, Ostadreza M, Intxausti M, Kogevinas M, Riveiro-Barciela M, Berger MM, Schaefer M, Niemi MEK, Gutiérrez-Stampa MA, Carrabba M, Figuera Basso ME, Valsecchi MG, Hernandez-Tejero M, Vehreschild MJGT, Manunta M, Acosta-Herrera M, D'Angiò M, Baldini M, Cazzaniga M, Grimsrud MM, Cornberg M, Nöthen MM, Marquié M, Castoldi M, Cordioli M, Cecconi M, D'Amato M, Augustin M, Tomasi M, Boada M, Dreher M, Seilmaier MJ, Joannidis M, Wittig M, Mazzocco M, Ciccarelli M, Rodríguez-Gandía M, Bocciolone M, Miozzo M, Imaz Ayo N, Blay N, Chueca N, Montano N, Braun N, Ludwig N, Marx N, Martínez N, Cornely OA, Witzke O, Palmieri O, Faverio P, Preatoni P, Bonfanti P, Omodei P, Tentorio P, Castro P, Rodrigues PM, España PP, Hoffmann P, Rosenstiel P, Schommers P, Suwalski P, de Pablo R, Ferrer R, Bals R, Gualtierotti R, Gallego-Durán R, Nieto R, Carpani R, Morilla R, Badalamenti S, Haider S, Ciesek S, May S, Bombace S, Marsal S, Pigazzini S, Klein S, Pelusi S, Wilfling S, Bosari S, Volland S, Brunak S, Raychaudhuri S, Schreiber S, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Aliberti S, Ripke S, Dudman S, Wesse T, Zheng T, Bahmer T, Eggermann T, Illig T, Brenner T, Pumarola T, Feldt T, Folseraas T, Gonzalez Cejudo T, Landmesser U, Protzer U, Hehr U, Rimoldi V, Monzani V, Skogen V, Keitel V, Kopfnagel V, Friaza V, Andrade V, Moreno V, Albrecht W, Peter W, Poller W, Farre X, Yi X, Wang X, Khodamoradi Y, Karadeniz Z, Latiano A, Goerg S, Bacher P, Koehler P, Tran F, Zoller H, Schulte EC, Heidecker B, Ludwig KU, Fernández J, Romero-Gómez M, Albillos A, Invernizzi P, Buti M, Duga S, Bujanda L, Hov JR, Lenz TL, Asselta R, de Cid R, Valenti L, Karlsen TH, Cáceres M, Franke A. Detailed stratified GWAS analysis for severe COVID-19 in four European populations. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3945-3966. [PMID: 35848942 PMCID: PMC9703941 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the highly variable clinical phenotype of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a deeper analysis of the host genetic contribution to severe COVID-19 is important to improve our understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we describe an extended genome-wide association meta-analysis of a well-characterized cohort of 3255 COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure and 12 488 population controls from Italy, Spain, Norway and Germany/Austria, including stratified analyses based on age, sex and disease severity, as well as targeted analyses of chromosome Y haplotypes, the human leukocyte antigen region and the SARS-CoV-2 peptidome. By inversion imputation, we traced a reported association at 17q21.31 to a ~0.9-Mb inversion polymorphism that creates two highly differentiated haplotypes and characterized the potential effects of the inversion in detail. Our data, together with the 5th release of summary statistics from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative including non-Caucasian individuals, also identified a new locus at 19q13.33, including NAPSA, a gene which is expressed primarily in alveolar cells responsible for gas exchange in the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Degenhardt
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. (Frauke Degenhardt) and (Andre Franke)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hesham ElAbd
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Malte C Rühlemann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany,Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jatin Arora
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Onur Özer
- Research Group for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany,Research Unit for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Bernt Lenning
- Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway,Randaberg Municipality, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ronny Myhre
- Division of Health Data and Digitalization, Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics (HDGB), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - May Sissel Vadla
- Randaberg Municipality, Stavanger, Norway,Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Eike M Wacker
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Wienbrandt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Aaron Blandino Ortiz
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Salazar
- Ibs.Granada Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain,Microbiology Unit. Hospital Universitario Clinico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Adolfo Garrido Chercoles
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Adriana Palom
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain,Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Albert Blanco-Grau
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Zanella
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Aleksander Rygh Holten
- Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alena Mayer
- Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alessandra Bandera
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Protti
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Aghemo
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Gerussi
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy,Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alice Braun
- Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Almut Nebel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ana Barreira
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Lleo
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Teles
- Research Group for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany,Research Unit for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anders Benjamin Kildal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Departement, Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM/Ospedale, San Gerardo, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ganna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrea Gori
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy,Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreas Glück
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Lind
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anja Tanck
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Carreras Nolla
- Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Peschuck
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Infectious diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Antonio Julià
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Pesenti
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Voza
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariadna Rando-Segura
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellatera, Spain
| | - Aurora Solier
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Axel Schmidt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Beatriz Cortes
- Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Nafria-Jimenez
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Benedikt Schaefer
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,Christian Doppler Laboratory of Iron and Phosphate Biology at the Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Björn Jensen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Carla Bellinghausen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlo Maj
- Institute of Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carlos Ferrando
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain,Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen de la Horra
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen Quereda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Chiara Scollo
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology Laboratory, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V—Pneumology, Allergology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christoph D Spinner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, School of Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Gassner
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany,Institute of Translational Medicine, Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein (UFL), Triesen, Liechtenstein
| | - Christoph Lange
- Respiratory Medicine and International Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany,Clinical Tuberculosis Unit, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Borstel, Germany
| | - Cinzia Hu
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Paccapelo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Claudio Cappadona
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Clinton Azuure
- Research Group for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany,Research Unit for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Cristiana Bianco
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Cea
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Sancho
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Respiratory Service, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Medicine, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Prati
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - David Haschka
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Jiménez
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Pestaña
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Toapanta
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Muñiz-Diaz
- Immunohematology Department, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Azzolini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sandoval
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eleonora Binatti
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy,Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Casalone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Eloisa Urrechaga
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao Hospital, Respiratory Service, Galdakao, Spain,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Elvezia Maria Paraboschi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pontali
- Department of Infectious Diseases, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | - Enric Reverter
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique J Calderón
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Enrique Navas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erik Solligård
- Geminicenter for Sepsis Research, Institute of Circulation and Medical Imaging (ISB), NTNU, Trondheim, Norway,Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ernesto Contro
- Accident and Emergency and Emergency Medicine Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Fátima Aziz
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Garcia
- Ibs.Granada Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain,Microbiology Unit. Hospital Universitario Clinico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix García Sánchez
- Histocompatibilidad y Biologia Molecular, Centro de Transfusion de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Florian Kurth
- Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Medicine I, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Respiratory Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francisco J Medrano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain,Internal Medicine Department, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco Mesonero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez-Frias
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain,Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellatera, Spain,Biochemistry Department, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Hanses
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany,Department for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fredrik Müller
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Giacomo Bellani
- Department Emergency, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Grasselli
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson and Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Costantino
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Cardamone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bellelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Acute Geriatric Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Citerio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Neurointensive Care Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Foti
- Department Emergency, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamorte
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Guido Baselli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Holger Neb
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilaria My
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabell Pink
- Department of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Galván-Femenia
- Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Jan Cato Holter
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Egil Afset
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Respiratory Service, Bilbao, Spain,Department of Medical Microbiology, Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Respiratory Medicine and International Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany,Clinical Tuberculosis Unit, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Borstel, Germany
| | - Jan Kässens
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Kristian Damås
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Javier Ampuero
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Digestive Diseases Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Martín
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research, Lübeck, Germany,University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Joan Ramon Badia
- Respiratory ICU, Institut Clínic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Dopazo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,Bioinformatics Area, Fundación Progreso y Salud, and Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jochen Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine V—Pneumology, Allergology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Bergan
- Department of Research, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Gralum, Norway
| | - Jordi Barretina
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics & Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jose Hernández Quero
- Ibs.Granada Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain,Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Clinico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Josune Goikoetxea
- Infectious Diseases Service, Osakidetza, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Juan Delgado
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan M Guerrero
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julia Fazaal
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Kraft
- Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Schröder
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kari Risnes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Research, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karl Erik Müller
- Medical Department, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Karoline I Gaede
- Research Center Borstel, BioMaterialBank Nord, Borstel, Germany,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany,Popgen 2.0 Network (P2N), Kiel, Germany
| | - Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kristian Tonby
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Infectious diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Heggelund
- Medical Department, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laura Izquierdo-Sanchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain,Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Laura Rachele Bettini
- Pediatric Departement, Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM/Ospedale, San Gerardo, Italy
| | - Lauro Sumoy
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Lindokuhle Nkambule
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research & Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Knopp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lise Tuset Gustad
- Geminicenter for Sepsis Research, Institute of Circulation and Medical Imaging (ISB), NTNU, Trondheim, Norway,Clinic of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trondelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | | | - Luigi Santoro
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Luis Téllez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Roade
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maider Intxausti
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Respiratory Service, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Riveiro-Barciela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellatera, Spain
| | - Marc M Berger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Mari E K Niemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - María A Gutiérrez-Stampa
- Osakidetza, OSI Donostialdea, Altza Primary Care, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maria Carrabba
- Internal Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria E Figuera Basso
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maria J G T Vehreschild
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt & Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maria Manunta
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mariella D'Angiò
- Pediatric Departement, Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM/Ospedale, San Gerardo, Italy
| | - Marina Baldini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Cazzaniga
- Phase 1 Research Centre, ASST Monza, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marit M Grimsrud
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Markus Cornberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marta Marquié
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mattia Cordioli
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro D'Amato
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain,Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE—BRTA, Derio, Spain,Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy
| | - Max Augustin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | - Melissa Tomasi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Dreher
- Department of Pneumology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael J Seilmaier
- Munich Clinic Schwabing, Academic Teaching Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Wittig
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Miguel Rodríguez-Gandía
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Monica Miozzo
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Internal Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Natale Imaz Ayo
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Natalia Blay
- Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Natalia Chueca
- Microbiology Unit. Hospital Universitario Clinico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicola Montano
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Braun
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany,University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Center of Human and Molecular Biology, University Hospital Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nilda Martínez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Oliver A Cornely
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Witzke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Orazio Palmieri
- Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Paola Faverio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Pulmonary Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bonfanti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Infectious Diseases Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Omodei
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pedro Castro
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain,Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pedro Pablo España
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao Hospital, Respiratory Service, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Schommers
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Raúl de Pablo
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Ferrer
- Intensive Care Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, SODIR-VHIR research group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V—Pneumology, Allergology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Roberta Gualtierotti
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rocío Gallego-Durán
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa Nieto
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rossana Carpani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rubén Morilla
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Sammra Haider
- Department of Medicine, Møre & Romsdal Hospital Trust, Molde, Norway
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra May
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sara Bombace
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Marsal
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Pigazzini
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sebastian Klein
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Serena Pelusi
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sibylle Wilfling
- Department for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany,Zentrum für Humangenetik Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany,Department of Neurology, Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silvano Bosari
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonja Volland
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany,Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefano Aliberti
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Susanne Dudman
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tanja Wesse
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tenghao Zheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Bahmer
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thorsten Brenner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tomas Pumarola
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain,Autonoma University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Torsten Feldt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Trine Folseraas
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway,Division for Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Section for Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ulf Landmesser
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Hehr
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Valeria Rimoldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Valter Monzani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Vegard Skogen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway,Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Verena Keitel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Verena Kopfnagel
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vicente Friaza
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Victor Andrade
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Victor Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain,Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Albrecht
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peter
- Stefan-Morsch-Stiftung, Birkenfeld, Germany,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Xavier Farre
- Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Xiaoli Yi
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yascha Khodamoradi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt & Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Anna Latiano
- Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Siegfried Goerg
- Institute of Transfusionsmedicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany,Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel and UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Koehler
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany,Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heinz Zoller
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,Christian Doppler Laboratory of Iron and Phosphate Biology at the Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva C Schulte
- Institute of Virology, Technical University Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany,Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Medical Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Javier Fernández
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF-CLIF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain,University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Digestive Diseases Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Agustín Albillos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy,Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Buti
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellatera, Spain
| | - Stefano Duga
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute—Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andre Franke
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. (Frauke Degenhardt) and (Andre Franke)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Theobald SJ, Simonis A, Mudler JM, Göbel U, Acton R, Kohlhas V, Albert MC, Hellmann AM, Malin JJ, Winter S, Hallek M, Walczak H, Nguyen PH, Koch M, Rybniker J. Spleen tyrosine kinase mediates innate and adaptive immune crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15888. [PMID: 35785445 PMCID: PMC9349614 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Durable cell‐mediated immune responses require efficient innate immune signaling and the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. How precisely mRNA vaccines trigger innate immune cells for shaping antigen specific adaptive immunity remains unknown. Here, we show that SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccination primes human monocyte‐derived macrophages for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Spike protein exposed macrophages undergo NLRP3‐driven pyroptotic cell death and subsequently secrete mature interleukin‐1β. These effects depend on activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) coupled to C‐type lectin receptors. Using autologous cocultures, we show that SYK and NLRP3 orchestrate macrophage‐driven activation of effector memory T cells. Furthermore, vaccination‐induced macrophage priming can be enhanced with repetitive antigen exposure providing a rationale for prime‐boost concepts to augment innate immune signaling in SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. Collectively, these findings identify SYK as a regulatory node capable of differentiating between primed and unprimed macrophages, which modulate spike protein‐specific T cell responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julie M Mudler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrike Göbel
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard Acton
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Viktoria Kohlhas
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Albert
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Hellmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Walczak
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Phuong-Hien Nguyen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology,Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dewald F, Suárez I, Johnen R, Grossbach J, Moran-Tovar R, Steger G, Joachim A, Rubio GH, Fries M, Behr F, Kley J, Lingnau A, Kretschmer A, Gude C, Baeza-Flores G, Del Valle DL, Roblero-Hernandez A, Magana-Cerino J, Hernandez AT, Ruiz-Quinones J, Schega K, Linne V, Junker L, Wunsch M, Heger E, Knops E, Di Cristanziano V, Meyer M, Hünseler C, Weber LT, Lüers JC, Quade G, Wisplinghoff H, Tiemann C, Zotz R, Jomaa H, Pranada A, Herzum I, Cullen P, Schmitz FJ, Philipsen P, Kirchner G, Knabbe C, Hellmich M, Buess M, Wolff A, Kossow A, Niessen J, Jeworutzki S, Schräpler JP, Lässig M, Dötsch J, Fätkenheuer G, Kaiser R, Beyer A, Rybniker J, Klein F. Effective high-throughput RT-qPCR screening for SARS-CoV-2 infections in children. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3640. [PMID: 35752615 PMCID: PMC9233713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systematic SARS-CoV-2 testing is a valuable tool for infection control and surveillance. However, broad application of high sensitive RT-qPCR testing in children is often hampered due to unpleasant sample collection, limited RT-qPCR capacities and high costs. Here, we developed a high-throughput approach (‘Lolli-Method’) for SARS-CoV-2 detection in children, combining non-invasive sample collection with an RT-qPCR-pool testing strategy. SARS-CoV-2 infections were diagnosed with sensitivities of 100% and 93.9% when viral loads were >106 copies/ml and >103 copies/ml in corresponding Naso-/Oropharyngeal-swabs, respectively. For effective application of the Lolli-Method in schools and daycare facilities, SEIR-modeling indicated a preferred frequency of two tests per week. The developed test strategy was implemented in 3,700 schools and 698 daycare facilities in Germany, screening over 800,000 individuals twice per week. In a period of 3 months, 6,364 pool-RT-qPCRs tested positive (0.64%), ranging from 0.05% to 2.61% per week. Notably, infections correlated with local SARS-CoV-2 incidences and with a school social deprivation index. Moreover, in comparison with the alpha variant, statistical modeling revealed a 36.8% increase for multiple (≥2 children) infections per class following infections with the delta variant. We conclude that the Lolli-Method is a powerful tool for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and can support infection control in schools and daycare facilities. Dewald et al. combine a non-invasive sampling approach (Lolli-Test) with an RT qPCR-pool testing strategy to screen for SARS-CoV-2 infections in children and use the method for surveillance and infection control in > 4000 school and daycare settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Dewald
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ronja Johnen
- CECAD Research center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Grossbach
- CECAD Research center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Gertrud Steger
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Joachim
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gibran Horemheb Rubio
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mira Fries
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Health department of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Behr
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Health department of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joao Kley
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Lingnau
- Ministry of Schools and Education of North Rhine-Westphalia, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alina Kretschmer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carina Gude
- CECAD Research center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Guadelupe Baeza-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Emergentes, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad, Dr. Juan Graham Casasús, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - David Laveaga Del Valle
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Emergentes, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad, Dr. Juan Graham Casasús, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Alberto Roblero-Hernandez
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Emergentes, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad, Dr. Juan Graham Casasús, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Jesus Magana-Cerino
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Emergentes, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad, Dr. Juan Graham Casasús, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | | | - Jesus Ruiz-Quinones
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Emergentes, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad, Dr. Juan Graham Casasús, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | | | - Viktoria Linne
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Junker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie Wunsch
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Heger
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Knops
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Meike Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Hünseler
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lutz T Weber
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan-Christoffer Lüers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gustav Quade
- MVZ Labor Dr. Quade & Kollegen GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Rainer Zotz
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine ZotzKlimas, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Haemostasis, Haemotherapy and Transfusion Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Centre, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Arthur Pranada
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard & Partner, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ileana Herzum
- Medizinische Laboratorien Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Paul Philipsen
- Labor Mönchengladbach MVZ Dr. Stein und Kollegen, Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Georg Kirchner
- Eurofins Laborbetriebsgesellschaft Gelsenkirchen GmbH & Eurofins MVZ Medizinisches Labor Gelsenkirchen GmbH, Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Heart- and Diabetes Center NRW, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Martin Hellmich
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Anna Wolff
- Health department of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annelene Kossow
- Health department of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Hygiene, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Jörg-Peter Schräpler
- Faculty of Social Science, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,German Socio Economic Panel Study (SOEP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Lässig
- Institute for Biological Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rolf Kaiser
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Beyer
- CECAD Research center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hoffmann AM, Wolke M, Rybniker J, Plum G, Fuchs F. In vitro Activity of Repurposed Nitroxoline Against Clinically Isolated Mycobacteria Including Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906097. [PMID: 35721137 PMCID: PMC9198898 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial treatment options for mycobacterial infections are limited due to intrinsic resistance and the emergence of acquired resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Isolates resisting first- and second line drugs are raising concerns about untreatable infections and make the development of new therapeutic strategies more pressing. Nitroxoline is an old oral antimicrobial that is currently repurposed for the treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI). In this study, we report the in vitro activity of nitroxoline against 18 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) (M. tuberculosis N = 16, M. bovis BCG N = 1, M. bovis sp. bovis N = 1). Since nitroxoline achieves high concentrations in the urinary tract, we included all MTBC-isolates from urinary samples sent to our laboratory between 2008 and 2021 (University Hospital of Cologne, Germany). Isolates from other sources (N = 7/18) were added for higher sample size and for inclusion of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates (N = 4/18). Based on our clinical routine the fluorescence-based liquid media system BACTEC MGIT 960 was used for susceptibility testing of nitroxoline and mainstay antitubercular drugs. Nitroxoline yielded a MIC90 of 4 mg/L for MTBC. In all M. tuberculosis isolates nitroxoline MICs were at least two twofold dilutions below the current EUCAST susceptibility breakpoint of ≤16 mg/L (limited to E. coli and uncomplicated UTI). In vitro activity of nitroxoline can be considered excellent, even in multidrug-resistant isolates. Future studies with in vivo models should evaluate a potential role of nitroxoline in the treatment of tuberculosis in the era of drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada Marie Hoffmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martina Wolke
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Georg Plum
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frieder Fuchs
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
- *Correspondence: Frieder Fuchs, , orcid.org/0000-0001-7075-5378
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mellinghoff SC, Vanshylla K, Dahlke C, Addo MM, Cornely OA, Klein F, Persigehl T, Rybniker J, Gruell H, Bröckelmann PJ. Case Report: Clinical Management of a Patient With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Newly Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibition During Symptomatic COVID-19. Front Immunol 2021; 12:798276. [PMID: 34987520 PMCID: PMC8721042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.798276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of initiation of programmed-death-protein 1 (PD1) blockade during active SARS-CoV-2 infection on antiviral immunity, COVID-19 course, and underlying malignancy are unclear. We report on the management of a male in his early 40s presenting with highly symptomatic metastatic lung cancer and active COVID-19 pneumonia. After treatment initiation with pembrolizumab, carboplatin, and pemetrexed, the respiratory situation initially worsened and high-dose corticosteroids were initiated due to suspected pneumonitis. After improvement and SARS-CoV-2 clearance, anti-cancer treatment was resumed without pembrolizumab. Immunological analyses with comparison to otherwise healthy SARS-CoV-2-infected ambulatory patients revealed a strong humoral immune response with higher levels of SARS-CoV-2-reactive IgG and neutralizing serum activity. Additionally, sustained increase of Tfh as well as activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was observed. Sequential CT scans showed regression of tumor lesions and marked improvement of the pulmonary situation, with no signs of pneumonitis after pembrolizumab re-challenge as maintenance. At the latest follow-up, the patient is ambulatory and in ongoing partial remission on pembrolizumab. In conclusion, anti-PD1 initiation during active COVID-19 pneumonia was feasible and cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 appeared enhanced in our hospitalized patient. However, distinguishing COVID-19-associated changes from anti-PD1-associated immune-related pneumonitis posed a considerable clinical, radiographic, and immunologic challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle C. Mellinghoff
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Disease (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kanika Vanshylla
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Dahlke
- Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases, First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marylyn M. Addo
- Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases, First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver A. Cornely
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Disease (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Persigehl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Gruell
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul J. Bröckelmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for the Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred-Scheel School of Oncology (MSSO) Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Paul J. Bröckelmann,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Theobald SJ, Gräb J, Fritsch M, Suárez I, Eisfeld HS, Winter S, Koch M, Hölscher C, Pasparakis M, Kashkar H, Rybniker J. Gasdermin D mediates host cell death but not interleukin-1β secretion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:327. [PMID: 34718331 PMCID: PMC8557205 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00716-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotic cell death represents a major pathogenic mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. It is increasingly evident that Mtb induces several types of regulated necrosis but how these are interconnected and linked to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines remains unknown. Exploiting a clinical cohort of tuberculosis patients, we show here that the number and size of necrotic lesions correlates with IL-1β plasma levels as a strong indicator of inflammasome activation. Our mechanistic studies reveal that Mtb triggers mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) and subsequently extensive macrophage necrosis, which requires activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3-driven mitochondrial damage is dependent on proteolytic activation of the pore-forming effector protein gasdermin D (GSDMD), which links two distinct cell death machineries. Intriguingly, GSDMD, but not the membranolytic mycobacterial ESX-1 secretion system, is dispensable for IL-1β secretion from Mtb-infected macrophages. Thus, our study dissects a novel mechanism of pathogen-induced regulated necrosis by identifying mitochondria as central regulatory hubs capable of delineating cytokine secretion and lytic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jessica Gräb
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Fritsch
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH), University of Cologne, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hannah S Eisfeld
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koch
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Division of Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, 23845, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Borstel, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH), University of Cologne, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Eisfeld HS, Simonis A, Winter S, Chhen J, Ströh LJ, Krey T, Koch M, Theobald SJ, Rybniker J. Viral Glycoproteins Induce NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Macrophages. Viruses 2021; 13:v13102076. [PMID: 34696506 PMCID: PMC8538122 DOI: 10.3390/v13102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with viral pathogens are widespread and can cause a variety of different diseases. In-depth knowledge about viral triggers initiating an immune response is necessary to decipher viral pathogenesis. Inflammasomes, as part of the innate immune system, can be activated by viral pathogens. However, viral structural components responsible for inflammasome activation remain largely unknown. Here we analyzed glycoproteins derived from SARS-CoV-1/2, HCMV and HCV, required for viral entry and fusion, as potential triggers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in THP-1 macrophages. All tested glycoproteins were able to potently induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, indicated by ASC-SPECK formation and secretion of cleaved IL-1β. Lytic cell death via gasdermin D (GSDMD), pore formation, and pyroptosis are required for IL-1β release. As a hallmark of pyroptosis, we were able to detect cleavage of GSDMD and, correspondingly, cell death in THP-1 macrophages. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of NLRP3 and GSDMD in THP-1 macrophages confirmed and strongly support the evidence that viral glycoproteins can act as innate immunity triggers. With our study, we decipher key mechanisms of viral pathogenesis by showing that viral glycoproteins potently induce innate immune responses. These insights could be beneficial in vaccine development and provide new impulses for the investigation of vaccine-induced innate immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S. Eisfeld
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Jason Chhen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Luisa J. Ströh
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Thomas Krey
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.S.); (T.K.)
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2155 RESIST, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology and Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian J. Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.J.T.); (J.R.)
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (H.S.E.); (A.S.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.J.T.); (J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Heyckendorf J, Marwitz S, Reimann M, Avsar K, DiNardo AR, Günther G, Hoelscher M, Ibraim E, Kalsdorf B, Kaufmann SHE, Kontsevaya I, van Leth F, Mandalakas AM, Maurer FP, Müller M, Nitschkowski D, Olaru ID, Popa C, Rachow A, Rolling T, Rybniker J, Salzer HJF, Sanchez-Carballo P, Schuhmann M, Schaub D, Spinu V, Suárez I, Terhalle E, Unnewehr M, Weiner J, Goldmann T, Lange C. Prediction of anti-tuberculosis treatment duration based on a 22-gene transcriptomic model. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.03492-2020. [PMID: 33574078 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03492-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends standardised treatment durations for patients with tuberculosis (TB). We identified and validated a host-RNA signature as a biomarker for individualised therapy durations for patients with drug-susceptible (DS)- and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB. METHODS Adult patients with pulmonary TB were prospectively enrolled into five independent cohorts in Germany and Romania. Clinical and microbiological data and whole blood for RNA transcriptomic analysis were collected at pre-defined time points throughout therapy. Treatment outcomes were ascertained by TBnet criteria (6-month culture status/1-year follow-up). A whole-blood RNA therapy-end model was developed in a multistep process involving a machine-learning algorithm to identify hypothetical individual end-of-treatment time points. RESULTS 50 patients with DS-TB and 30 patients with MDR-TB were recruited in the German identification cohorts (DS-GIC and MDR-GIC, respectively); 28 patients with DS-TB and 32 patients with MDR-TB in the German validation cohorts (DS-GVC and MDR-GVC, respectively); and 52 patients with MDR-TB in the Romanian validation cohort (MDR-RVC). A 22-gene RNA model (TB22) that defined cure-associated end-of-therapy time points was derived from the DS- and MDR-GIC data. The TB22 model was superior to other published signatures to accurately predict clinical outcomes for patients in the DS-GVC (area under the curve 0.94, 95% CI 0.9-0.98) and suggests that cure may be achieved with shorter treatment durations for TB patients in the MDR-GIC (mean reduction 218.0 days, 34.2%; p<0.001), the MDR-GVC (mean reduction 211.0 days, 32.9%; p<0.001) and the MDR-RVC (mean reduction of 161.0 days, 23.4%; p=0.001). CONCLUSION Biomarker-guided management may substantially shorten the duration of therapy for many patients with MDR-TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Heyckendorf
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Sebastian Marwitz
- Pathology of the Universal Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) and the Research Center Borstel, Campus Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Maja Reimann
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Korkut Avsar
- Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew R DiNardo
- The Global TB Program, Dept of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gunar Günther
- Dept of Medicine, University of Namibia School of Medicine, Windhoek, Namibia.,Inselspital Bern, Dept of Pulmonology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hoelscher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elmira Ibraim
- Institutul de Pneumoftiziologie "Marius Nasta", MDR-TB Research Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Barbara Kalsdorf
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan H E Kaufmann
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Irina Kontsevaya
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank van Leth
- Dept of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M Mandalakas
- The Global TB Program, Dept of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Florian P Maurer
- National and WHO Supranational Reference Laboratory for Mycobacteria, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Dörte Nitschkowski
- Pathology of the Universal Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) and the Research Center Borstel, Campus Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Ioana D Olaru
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Cristina Popa
- Institutul de Pneumoftiziologie "Marius Nasta", MDR-TB Research Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrea Rachow
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thierry Rolling
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Dept of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Dept of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Dept I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Patricia Sanchez-Carballo
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Dagmar Schaub
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Victor Spinu
- Institutul de Pneumoftiziologie "Marius Nasta", MDR-TB Research Department, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- Dept I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Terhalle
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Unnewehr
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. Barbara-Klinik, Hamm, Germany.,University of Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - January Weiner
- Berlin Institute of HealthCUBI (Core Unit Bioinformatics), Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Pathology of the Universal Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) and the Research Center Borstel, Campus Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Christoph Lange
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Dept of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Authors contributed equally
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Joachim A, Dewald F, Suárez I, Zemlin M, Lang I, Stutz R, Marthaler A, Bosse HM, Lübke N, Münch J, Bernard MA, Jeltsch K, Tönshoff B, Weidner N, Kräusslich HG, Birzele L, Hübner J, Schmied P, Meyer-Bühn M, Horemheb-Rubio G, Cornely OA, Haverkamp H, Wiesmüller G, Fätkenheuer G, Hero B, Kaiser R, Dötsch J, Rybniker J. Pooled RT-qPCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in schools - a cluster randomised trial. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 39:101082. [PMID: 34458708 PMCID: PMC8384501 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent to which children and adolescents contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission remains not fully understood. Novel high-capacity testing methods may provide real-time epidemiological data in educational settings helping to establish a rational approach to prevent and minimize SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We investigated whether pooling of samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR is a sensitive and feasible high-capacity diagnostic strategy for surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in schools. METHODS In this study, students and school staff of 14 educational facilities in Germany were tested sequentially between November 9 and December 23, 2020, two or three times per week for at least three consecutive weeks. Participants were randomized for evaluation of two different age adjusted swab sampling methods (oropharyngeal swabs or buccal swabs compared to saliva swabs using a 'lolli method'). Swabs were collected and pooled for SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR. Individuals of positive pooled tests were retested by RT-qPCR the same or the following day. Positive individuals were quarantined while the SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals remained in class with continued pooled RT-qPCR surveillance. The study is registered with the German Clinical Trials register (registration number: DRKS00023911). FINDINGS 5,537 individuals were eligible and 3970 participants were enroled and included in the analysis. In students, a total of 21,978 swabs were taken and combined in 2218 pooled RT-qPCR tests. We detected 41 positive pooled tests (1·8%) leading to 36 SARS-CoV-2 cases among students which could be identified by individual re-testing. The cumulative 3-week incidence for primary schools was 564/100,000 (6/1064, additionally 1 infection detected in week 4) and 1249/100,000 (29/2322) for secondary schools. In secondary schools, there was no difference in the number of SARS-CoV-2 positive students identified from pooled oropharyngeal swabs compared to those identified from pooled saliva samples (lolli method) (14 vs. 15 cases; 1·3% vs. 1·3%; OR 1.1; 95%-CI 0·5-2·5). A single secondary school accounted for 17 of 36 cases (47%) indicating a high burden of asymptomatic prevalent SARS-CoV-2 cases in the respective school and community. INTERPRETATION In educational settings, SARS-CoV-2 screening by RT-qPCR-based pooled testing with easily obtainable saliva samples is a feasible method to detect incident cases and observe transmission dynamics. FUNDING Federal Ministry of education and research (BMBF; Project B-FAST in "NaFoUniMedCovid19"; registration number: 01KX2021).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Joachim
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Dewald
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Lang
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Regine Stutz
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anna Marthaler
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hans Martin Bosse
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children´s Hospital, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nadine Lübke
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Juliane Münch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children´s Hospital, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marie-Annett Bernard
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jeltsch
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tönshoff
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niklas Weidner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kräusslich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Birzele
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Hübner
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia Schmied
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Meyer-Bühn
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Gibran Horemheb-Rubio
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heinz Haverkamp
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wiesmüller
- Public Health Department Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Uniclinic RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Hero
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rolf Kaiser
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Theobald SJ, Simonis A, Georgomanolis T, Kreer C, Zehner M, Eisfeld HS, Albert M, Chhen J, Motameny S, Erger F, Fischer J, Malin JJ, Gräb J, Winter S, Pouikli A, David F, Böll B, Koehler P, Vanshylla K, Gruell H, Suárez I, Hallek M, Fätkenheuer G, Jung N, Cornely OA, Lehmann C, Tessarz P, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Kashkar H, Klein F, Koch M, Rybniker J. Long-lived macrophage reprogramming drives spike protein-mediated inflammasome activation in COVID-19. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14150. [PMID: 34133077 PMCID: PMC8350892 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity triggers responsible for viral control or hyperinflammation in COVID-19 are largely unknown. Here we show that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein) primes inflammasome formation and release of mature interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in macrophages derived from COVID-19 patients but not in macrophages from healthy SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals. Furthermore, longitudinal analyses reveal robust S-protein-driven inflammasome activation in macrophages isolated from convalescent COVID-19 patients, which correlates with distinct epigenetic and gene expression signatures suggesting innate immune memory after recovery from COVID-19. Importantly, we show that S-protein-driven IL-1β secretion from patient-derived macrophages requires non-specific monocyte pre-activation in vivo to trigger NLRP3-inflammasome signaling. Our findings reveal that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes profound and long-lived reprogramming of macrophages resulting in augmented immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein, a major vaccine antigen and potent driver of adaptive and innate immune signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Theodoros Georgomanolis
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCologne Center for Genomics (CCG)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Christoph Kreer
- Laboratory of Experimental ImmunologyInstitute of VirologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Matthias Zehner
- Laboratory of Experimental ImmunologyInstitute of VirologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Hannah S Eisfeld
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Marie‐Christine Albert
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Jason Chhen
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Susanne Motameny
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCologne Center for Genomics (CCG)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Florian Erger
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCologne Center for Genomics (CCG)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital CologneCologneGermany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Jessica Gräb
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Andromachi Pouikli
- Max Planck Research Group “Chromatin and Ageing”Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | - Friederike David
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCologne Center for Genomics (CCG)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Boris Böll
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Philipp Koehler
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Kanika Vanshylla
- Laboratory of Experimental ImmunologyInstitute of VirologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Henning Gruell
- Laboratory of Experimental ImmunologyInstitute of VirologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Norma Jung
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Peter Tessarz
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Max Planck Research Group “Chromatin and Ageing”Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingCologneGermany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCologne Center for Genomics (CCG)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCologne Center for Genomics (CCG)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Florian Klein
- Laboratory of Experimental ImmunologyInstitute of VirologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Medical FacultyInstitute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal BiologyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Medical FacultyCenter for BiochemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of CologneCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schmidt-Hellerau K, Meyer-Schwickerath C, Paul G, Augustin M, Priesner V, Rybniker J, Suárez I, Hallek M, Burst V, Kolibay F, Fätkenheuer G, Lehmann C, Jung N. Providing care in isolation while awaiting SARS-CoV-2 test results: Considering differential diagnoses and avoiding anchoring bias. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26720. [PMID: 34397706 PMCID: PMC8322513 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolation of confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases is essential but, as symptoms of COVID-19 are non-specific and test results not immediately available, case identification at admission remains challenging. To inform optimization of triage algorithms, patient flow and patient care, we analyzed characteristics of patients admitted to an isolation ward, both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) positive patients and patients in which initial suspicion was not confirmed after appropriate testing.Data from patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 treated in an isolation unit were analyzed retrospectively. Symptoms, comorbidities and clinical findings were analyzed descriptively and associations between patient characteristics and final SARS-CoV-2 status were assessed using univariate regression.Eighty three patients (49 SARS-CoV-2 negative and 34 positive) were included in the final analysis. Of initially suspected COVID-19 cases, 59% proved to be SARS-CoV-2-negative. These patients had more comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index median 5(interquartile range [IQR] 2.5, 7) vs 2.7(IQR 1, 4)), and higher proportion of active malignancy than patients with confirmed COVID-19 (47% vs 15%; P = .004), while immunosuppression was frequent in both patient groups (20% vs 21%; P = .984). Of SARS-CoV-2 negative patients, 31% were diagnosed with non-infectious diseases.A high proportion of patients (59%) triaged to the isolation unit were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, many suffered from active malignancy (47%) and were immunosuppressed (20%). Non-infectious diseases were diagnosed in 31%, highlighting the need for appropriate patient flow, timely expert medical care including evaluation for differential diagnostics while providing isolation and ruling out of COVID-19 in these patients with complex underlying diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Schmidt-Hellerau
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Charlotte Meyer-Schwickerath
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gregor Paul
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Katharinenhospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pneumology and Infectious Diseases, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Max Augustin
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Priesner
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Burst
- University of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and Univeristy Hospital Cologne, Department II of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Emergency Department, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Kolibay
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department for Clinical Affairs, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Departement I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Warnat-Herresthal S, Schultze H, Shastry KL, Manamohan S, Mukherjee S, Garg V, Sarveswara R, Händler K, Pickkers P, Aziz NA, Ktena S, Tran F, Bitzer M, Ossowski S, Casadei N, Herr C, Petersheim D, Behrends U, Kern F, Fehlmann T, Schommers P, Lehmann C, Augustin M, Rybniker J, Altmüller J, Mishra N, Bernardes JP, Krämer B, Bonaguro L, Schulte-Schrepping J, De Domenico E, Siever C, Kraut M, Desai M, Monnet B, Saridaki M, Siegel CM, Drews A, Nuesch-Germano M, Theis H, Heyckendorf J, Schreiber S, Kim-Hellmuth S, Nattermann J, Skowasch D, Kurth I, Keller A, Bals R, Nürnberg P, Rieß O, Rosenstiel P, Netea MG, Theis F, Mukherjee S, Backes M, Aschenbrenner AC, Ulas T, Breteler MMB, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Kox M, Becker M, Cheran S, Woodacre MS, Goh EL, Schultze JL. Swarm Learning for decentralized and confidential clinical machine learning. Nature 2021; 594:265-270. [PMID: 34040261 PMCID: PMC8189907 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fast and reliable detection of patients with severe and heterogeneous illnesses is a major goal of precision medicine1,2. Patients with leukaemia can be identified using machine learning on the basis of their blood transcriptomes3. However, there is an increasing divide between what is technically possible and what is allowed, because of privacy legislation4,5. Here, to facilitate the integration of any medical data from any data owner worldwide without violating privacy laws, we introduce Swarm Learning—a decentralized machine-learning approach that unites edge computing, blockchain-based peer-to-peer networking and coordination while maintaining confidentiality without the need for a central coordinator, thereby going beyond federated learning. To illustrate the feasibility of using Swarm Learning to develop disease classifiers using distributed data, we chose four use cases of heterogeneous diseases (COVID-19, tuberculosis, leukaemia and lung pathologies). With more than 16,400 blood transcriptomes derived from 127 clinical studies with non-uniform distributions of cases and controls and substantial study biases, as well as more than 95,000 chest X-ray images, we show that Swarm Learning classifiers outperform those developed at individual sites. In addition, Swarm Learning completely fulfils local confidentiality regulations by design. We believe that this approach will notably accelerate the introduction of precision medicine. Swarm Learning is a decentralized machine learning approach that outperforms classifiers developed at individual sites for COVID-19 and other diseases while preserving confidentiality and privacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Warnat-Herresthal
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Vishesh Garg
- Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Houston, TX, USA.,Mesh Dynamics, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Kristian Händler
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N Ahmad Aziz
- Population Health Sciences, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sofia Ktena
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Florian Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Ossowski
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Petersheim
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uta Behrends
- Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Kern
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tobias Fehlmann
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Philipp Schommers
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Max Augustin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, West German Genome Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Neha Mishra
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joana P Bernardes
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Benjamin Krämer
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonas Schulte-Schrepping
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elena De Domenico
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michael Kraut
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Maria Saridaki
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anna Drews
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melanie Nuesch-Germano
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heidi Theis
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sarah Kim-Hellmuth
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Skowasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II - Cardiology/Pneumology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, West German Genome Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Olaf Rieß
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Immunology & Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sach Mukherjee
- Statistics and Machine Learning, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Backes
- CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anna C Aschenbrenner
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Monique M B Breteler
- Population Health Sciences, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Matthijs Kox
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Becker
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Eng Lim Goh
- Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany. .,Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. .,PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sörgel F, Malin JJ, Hagmann H, Kinzig M, Bilal M, Eichenauer DA, Scherf-Clavel O, Simonis A, El Tabei L, Fuhr U, Rybniker J. Pharmacokinetics of remdesivir in a COVID-19 patient with end-stage renal disease on intermittent haemodialysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:825-827. [PMID: 33251541 PMCID: PMC7799013 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Sörgel
- IBMP – Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 19, D-90562, Nürnberg-Heroldsberg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Hagmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martina Kinzig
- IBMP – Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 19, D-90562, Nürnberg-Heroldsberg, Germany
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis A Eichenauer
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Dusseldorf, Intensive Care Program, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Scherf-Clavel
- IBMP – Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 19, D-90562, Nürnberg-Heroldsberg, Germany
- University of Wuerzburg, Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lobna El Tabei
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Fuhr
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Watson A, Li H, Ma B, Weiss R, Bendayan D, Abramovitz L, Ben-Shalom N, Mor M, Pinko E, Bar Oz M, Wang Z, Du F, Lu Y, Rybniker J, Dahan R, Huang H, Barkan D, Xiang Y, Javid B, Freund NT. Human antibodies targeting a Mycobacterium transporter protein mediate protection against tuberculosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:602. [PMID: 33504803 PMCID: PMC7840946 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exposure drives antibody responses, but whether patients with active tuberculosis elicit protective antibodies, and against which antigens, is still unclear. Here we generate monoclonal antibodies from memory B cells of one patient to investigate the B cell responses during active infection. The antibodies, members of four distinct B cell clones, are directed against the Mtb phosphate transporter subunit PstS1. Antibodies p4-36 and p4-163 reduce Mycobacterium bovis-BCG and Mtb levels in an ex vivo human whole blood growth inhibition assay in an FcR-dependent manner; meanwhile, germline versions of p4-36 and p4-163 do not bind Mtb. Crystal structures of p4-36 and p4-170, complexed to PstS1, are determined at 2.1 Å and 2.4 Å resolution, respectively, to reveal two distinctive PstS1 epitopes. Lastly, a prophylactic p4-36 and p4-163 treatment in Mtb-infected Balb/c mice reduces bacterial lung burden by 50%. Our study shows that inhibitory anti-PstS1 B cell responses arise during active tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avia Watson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Hao Li
- Centre for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingting Ma
- Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ronen Weiss
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Daniele Bendayan
- Pulmonary and Tuberculosis Department, Shmuel Harofe Hospital, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
| | - Lilach Abramovitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Noam Ben-Shalom
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Michael Mor
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Erica Pinko
- Pulmonary and Tuberculosis Department, Shmuel Harofe Hospital, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
| | - Michal Bar Oz
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Zhenqi Wang
- Centre for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjiao Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Rony Dahan
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hairong Huang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel Barkan
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ye Xiang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Babak Javid
- Centre for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Natalia T Freund
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Simonis A, Theobald SJ, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J, Malin JJ. A comparative analysis of remdesivir and other repurposed antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13105. [PMID: 33015938 PMCID: PMC7646058 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic stresses the need for effective antiviral drugs that can quickly be applied in order to reduce morbidity, mortality, and ideally viral transmission. By repurposing of broadly active antiviral drugs and compounds that are known to inhibit viral replication of related viruses, several advances could be made in the development of treatment strategies against COVID-19. The nucleoside analog remdesivir, which is known for its potent in vitro activity against Ebolavirus and other RNA viruses, was recently shown to reduce the time to recovery in patients with severe COVID-19. It is to date the only approved antiviral for treating COVID-19. Here, we provide a mechanism and evidence-based comparative review of remdesivir and other repurposed drugs with proven in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of MedicineCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of MedicineCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of MedicineCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Bonn‐CologneCologneGermany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- Department I of Internal MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Faculty of MedicineCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Horn C, Augustin M, Ercanoglu MS, Heger E, Knops E, Bondet V, Duffy D, Chon SH, Nierhoff D, Oette M, Schäfer H, Vivaldi C, Held K, Anderson J, Geldmacher C, Suárez I, Rybniker J, Klein F, Fätkenheuer G, Müller-Trutwin M, Lehmann C. HIV DNA reservoir and elevated PD-1 expression of CD4 T-cell subsets particularly persist in the terminal ileum of HIV-positive patients despite cART. HIV Med 2021; 22:397-408. [PMID: 33421299 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite its importance as an HIV anatomic sanctuary, little is known about the characteristics of the HIV reservoir in the terminal ileum (TI). In blood, the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed-death-1 (PD-1) has been linked to the HIV reservoir and T-cell immune dysfunction. We thus evaluated PD-1 expression and cell-associated HIV DNA in memory CD4 T-cell subsets from TI, peripheral blood (PB) and rectum (RE) of untreated and treated HIV-positive patients to identify associations between PD-1 and HIV reservoir in other sites. METHODS Using mononuclear cells from PB, TI and RE of untreated HIV-positive (N = 6), treated (n = 18) HIV-positive and uninfected individuals (n = 16), we identified and sorted distinct memory CD4 T-cell subsets by flow cytometry, quantified their cell-associated HIV DNA using quantitative PCR and assessed PD-1 expression levels using geometric mean fluorescence intensity. Combined HIV-1 RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry was performed on ileal biopsy sections. RESULTS Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated patients with undetectable HIV RNA and significantly lower levels of HIV DNA in PB showed particularly high PD-1 expression in PB and TI, and high HIV DNA levels in TI, irrespective of clinical characteristics. By contrast, in treatment-naïve patients HIV DNA levels in memory CD4 T-cell subsets were high in PB and TI. CONCLUSION Elevated PD-1 expression on memory CD4 T-cells in PB and TI despite treatment points to continuous immune dysfunction and underlines the importance of evaluating immunotherapy in reversing HIV latency and T-cell reconstitution. As HIV DNA particularly persists in TI despite cART, investigating samples from TI is crucial in understanding HIV immunopathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Horn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | - M Augustin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | - M S Ercanoglu
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Heger
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Knops
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - V Bondet
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells Unit, Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - D Duffy
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells Unit, Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - S-H Chon
- Department of General, Visceral Surgery and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - D Nierhoff
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Oette
- Clinic for Coloproctology, PanKlinik, Cologne, Germany
| | - H Schäfer
- Clinic for Coloproctology, PanKlinik, Cologne, Germany
| | - C Vivaldi
- Clinic for Coloproctology, PanKlinik, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Held
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C Geldmacher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - I Suárez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Rybniker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | - F Klein
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - G Fätkenheuer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| | - M Müller-Trutwin
- Unité HIV, Inflammation & Persistence, Institut Pasteur, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - C Lehmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bacher P, Rosati E, Esser D, Martini GR, Saggau C, Schiminsky E, Dargvainiene J, Schröder I, Wieters I, Khodamoradi Y, Eberhardt F, Vehreschild MJGT, Neb H, Sonntagbauer M, Conrad C, Tran F, Rosenstiel P, Markewitz R, Wandinger KP, Augustin M, Rybniker J, Kochanek M, Leypoldt F, Cornely OA, Koehler P, Franke A, Scheffold A. Low-Avidity CD4 + T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Unexposed Individuals and Humans with Severe COVID-19. Immunity 2020; 53:1258-1271.e5. [PMID: 33296686 PMCID: PMC7689350 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells reactive against SARS-CoV-2 can be found in unexposed individuals, and these are suggested to arise in response to common cold coronavirus (CCCoV) infection. Here, we utilized SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ T cell enrichment to examine the antigen avidity and clonality of these cells, as well as the relative contribution of CCCoV cross-reactivity. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ memory T cells were present in virtually all unexposed individuals examined, displaying low functional avidity and multiple, highly variable cross-reactivities that were not restricted to CCCoVs. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ T cells from COVID-19 patients lacked cross-reactivity to CCCoVs, irrespective of strong memory T cell responses against CCCoV in all donors analyzed. In severe but not mild COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells displayed low functional avidity and clonality, despite increased frequencies. Our findings identify low-avidity CD4+ T cell responses as a hallmark of severe COVID-19 and argue against a protective role for CCCoV-reactive T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Low avidity and broad cross-reactivities of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 memory T cells Strong CCCoV-specific memory CD4+ T cell responses in all analyzed individuals SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells in COVID-19 patients lack cross-reactivity to CCCoVs Low avidity and clonality of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in severe COVID-19
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel & UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Elisa Rosati
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Esser
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/ Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gabriela Rios Martini
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel & UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Saggau
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel & UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Esther Schiminsky
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel & UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Justina Dargvainiene
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/ Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ina Schröder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/ Lübeck, Germany
| | - Imke Wieters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt & Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yascha Khodamoradi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt & Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fabian Eberhardt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt & Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maria J G T Vehreschild
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt & Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Holger Neb
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Sonntagbauer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Claudio Conrad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Preetz, Preetz, Germany
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, UKSH Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Markewitz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/ Lübeck, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Wandinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/ Lübeck, Germany
| | - Max Augustin
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Kochanek
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Leypoldt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/ Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Clinical Trials Centre Cologne, ZKS Köln, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Koehler
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel & UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bernardes JP, Mishra N, Tran F, Bahmer T, Best L, Blase JI, Bordoni D, Franzenburg J, Geisen U, Josephs-Spaulding J, Köhler P, Künstner A, Rosati E, Aschenbrenner AC, Bacher P, Baran N, Boysen T, Brandt B, Bruse N, Dörr J, Dräger A, Elke G, Ellinghaus D, Fischer J, Forster M, Franke A, Franzenburg S, Frey N, Friedrichs A, Fuß J, Glück A, Hamm J, Hinrichsen F, Hoeppner MP, Imm S, Junker R, Kaiser S, Kan YH, Knoll R, Lange C, Laue G, Lier C, Lindner M, Marinos G, Markewitz R, Nattermann J, Noth R, Pickkers P, Rabe KF, Renz A, Röcken C, Rupp J, Schaffarzyk A, Scheffold A, Schulte-Schrepping J, Schunk D, Skowasch D, Ulas T, Wandinger KP, Wittig M, Zimmermann J, Busch H, Hoyer BF, Kaleta C, Heyckendorf J, Kox M, Rybniker J, Schreiber S, Schultze JL, Rosenstiel P. Longitudinal Multi-omics Analyses Identify Responses of Megakaryocytes, Erythroid Cells, and Plasmablasts as Hallmarks of Severe COVID-19. Immunity 2020; 53:1296-1314.e9. [PMID: 33296687 PMCID: PMC7689306 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Temporal resolution of cellular features associated with a severe COVID-19 disease trajectory is needed for understanding skewed immune responses and defining predictors of outcome. Here, we performed a longitudinal multi-omics study using a two-center cohort of 14 patients. We analyzed the bulk transcriptome, bulk DNA methylome, and single-cell transcriptome (>358,000 cells, including BCR profiles) of peripheral blood samples harvested from up to 5 time points. Validation was performed in two independent cohorts of COVID-19 patients. Severe COVID-19 was characterized by an increase of proliferating, metabolically hyperactive plasmablasts. Coinciding with critical illness, we also identified an expansion of interferon-activated circulating megakaryocytes and increased erythropoiesis with features of hypoxic signaling. Megakaryocyte- and erythroid-cell-derived co-expression modules were predictive of fatal disease outcome. The study demonstrates broad cellular effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond adaptive immune cells and provides an entry point toward developing biomarkers and targeted treatments of patients with COVID-19. SARS-CoV2 infection elicits dynamic changes of circulating cells in the blood Severe COVID-19 is characterized by increased metabolically active plasmablasts Elevation of IFN-activated megakaryocytes and erythroid cells in severe COVID-19 Cell-type-specific expression signatures are associated with a fatal COVID-19 outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana P Bernardes
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Neha Mishra
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Bahmer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lena Best
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Johanna I Blase
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dora Bordoni
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel and 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulf Geisen
- Section for Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonathan Josephs-Spaulding
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Köhler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Elisa Rosati
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna C Aschenbrenner
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Departments of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nathan Baran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Teide Boysen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Burkhard Brandt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel and 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Niklas Bruse
- Departments of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Dörr
- Section for Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Dräger
- Department of Computer Science, Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), University of Tübingen and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Elke
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Michael Forster
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anette Friedrichs
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Janina Fuß
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Glück
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jacob Hamm
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Finn Hinrichsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marc P Hoeppner
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Imm
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Junker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel and 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sina Kaiser
- Section for Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ying H Kan
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Knoll
- Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Lange
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), TTU-TB, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Georg Laue
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Clemens Lier
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel and 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Lindner
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Georgios Marinos
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Markewitz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel and 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Bonn, 53217 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Noth
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Departments of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Klaus F Rabe
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany; LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Centre North, German Centre for Lung Research, 22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Alina Renz
- Department of Computer Science, Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), University of Tübingen and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annika Schaffarzyk
- Section for Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Schulte-Schrepping
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Domagoj Schunk
- Department for Emergency Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dirk Skowasch
- Section of Pneumology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, , 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Wandinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel and 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Wittig
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bimba F Hoyer
- Section for Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Kaleta
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthijs Kox
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Suárez I, Rohr S, Stecher M, Lehmann C, Winter S, Jung N, Priesner V, Berger M, Wyen C, Augustin M, Malin JJ, Fischer J, Horn C, Neuhann F, Püsken M, Plum G, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. Plasma interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) levels correlate with disease severity and paradoxical reactions in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Infection 2020; 49:437-445. [PMID: 33140838 PMCID: PMC7605464 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-020-01541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With 1.5 million deaths worldwide in 2018, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem. While pulmonary TB (PTB) is the most common manifestation, the proportion of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) is increasing in low-burden countries. EPTB is a heterogeneous disease entity posing diagnostic and management challenges due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. In this study, we prospectively evaluated clinical data and treatment response which were correlated with different biomarkers. METHODS The study was conducted at the University Hospital of Cologne. 20 patients with EPTB were enrolled. We analyzed plasma interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) levels in plasma by ELISA for up to 12 months of treatment. In addition, the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus (QFT® Plus) test was performed during the course of treatment. Clinical data were assessed prospectively and correlated with QFT® Plus and IP-10 levels. RESULTS Plasma IP-10 levels were found to be significantly increased (p < 0.001) in patients with extensive disease compared to patients with limited disease (cervical lymph node TB) or healthy controls. In patients with clinically confirmed paradoxical reaction (PR), a further increase of IP-10 was noted. IFN-γ measured by the QFT® Plus test did not decrease significantly during the course of treatment. Of note, in four EPTB patients (20%) without radiographic pulmonary involvement, sputum culture was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that IP-10 may be a valuable biomarker for estimation of disease severity in EPTB and monitoring of the disease course in extensive forms. However, IP-10 may be less suitable for diagnosis and monitoring of EPTB patients with limited disease. The QFT® Plus test does not appear to be a suitable marker for therapy monitoring. Sputum should be examined in EPTB patients even in case of normal diagnostic imaging of the chest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Suárez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Samuel Rohr
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Stecher
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Winter
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Priesner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Berger
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Cologne-Merheim Hospital, Kliniken Der Stadt Köln GmbH, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Ostmerheimer Strasse 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Wyen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Praxis Am Ebertplatz, Cologne, Germany
| | - Max Augustin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carola Horn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Neuhann
- Levy Mwanawasa Medical University (LMMU), Lusaka, Zambia.,Institute of Global Health, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Municipal Health Authority Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Püsken
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Georg Plum
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Paul G, Michels G, Hohmann C, Pfister R, Mader N, Blanke L, Ohler M, Piepenbrock E, Rybniker J, Lehmann C, Fätkenheuer G, Jaspers N, Jung N. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Detection of Abdominal Complications in Infective Endocarditis: First Experience From a Prospective Cohort. Ultrasound Med Biol 2020; 46:2965-2971. [PMID: 32861503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Embolic events are associated with increased mortality in patients with infective endocarditis (IE). The goal of this study was to gain experience with the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in IE to detect abdominal complications. CEUS was performed in 40 patients from a prospective register of IE. CEUS was able to detect abdominal embolic events or metastatic infection in 12 patients (30%). Most commonly seen were splenic infarctions (n = 10), followed by renal infarction (n = 2), liver abscess (n = 1) and mycotic aneurysm (n = 1). Six out of 14 lesions were only detected by CEUS and not by conventional ultrasound. Abdominal complications revealed by CEUS were associated with a detectable valve vegetation (p = 0.04) and larger vegetation size (p = 0.01). In three patients, a non-IE related abdominal lesion (two hepatocellular carcinomas, one psoas hematoma) was detected. CEUS is a feasible diagnostic method in detection of abdominal complications of IE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Paul
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pneumology and Infectious Diseases, Katharinenhospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Guido Michels
- University of Cologne, Department III of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher Hohmann
- University of Cologne, Department III of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman Pfister
- University of Cologne, Department III of Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Navid Mader
- University of Cologne, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lara Blanke
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Myriam Ohler
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ellen Piepenbrock
- University of Cologne, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalie Jaspers
- University of Cologne, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Di Cristanziano V, Meyer-Schwickerath C, Eberhardt KA, Rybniker J, Heger E, Knops E, Hallek M, Klein F, Holtick U, Jung N. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 viremia before onset of COVID-19 symptoms in an allo-transplanted patient with acute leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 2020; 56:716-719. [PMID: 32943755 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-020-01059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Charlotte Meyer-Schwickerath
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Heger
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Knops
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center of Integrated Oncology ABCD, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Udo Holtick
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center of Integrated Oncology ABCD, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hos NJ, Fischer J, Hos D, Hejazi Z, Calabrese C, Ganesan R, Murthy AMV, Rybniker J, Kumar S, Krönke M, Robinson N. TRIM21 Is Targeted for Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy during Salmonella Typhimurium Infection. J Immunol 2020; 205:2456-2467. [PMID: 32948684 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S Typhimurium) is a Gram-negative bacterium that induces cell death of macrophages as a key virulence strategy. We have previously demonstrated that the induction of macrophage death is dependent on the host's type I IFN (IFN-I) response. IFN-I signaling has been shown to induce tripartite motif (TRIM) 21, an E3 ubiquitin ligase with critical functions in autoimmune disease and antiviral immunity. However, the importance and regulation of TRIM21 during bacterial infection remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TRIM21 upon S Typhimurium infection of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. Although Trim21 expression was induced in an IFN-I-dependent manner, we found that TRIM21 levels were mainly regulated posttranscriptionally. Following TLR4 activation, TRIM21 was transiently degraded via the lysosomal pathway by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). However, S Typhimurium-induced mTORC2 signaling led to phosphorylation of Akt at S473, which subsequently impaired TRIM21 degradation by attenuating CMA. Elevated TRIM21 levels promoted macrophage death associated with reduced transcription of NF erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-dependent antioxidative genes. Collectively, our results identify IFN-I-inducible TRIM21 as a negative regulator of innate immune responses to S Typhimurium and a previously unrecognized substrate of CMA. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting that a member of the TRIM family is degraded by the lysosomal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Judith Hos
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany; .,Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Fischer
- Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Hos
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Zahra Hejazi
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Chiara Calabrese
- Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; and
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Ambika M V Murthy
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Jan Rybniker
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Martin Krönke
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nirmal Robinson
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany; .,Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rybniker J, Fätkenheuer G. Importance of precise data on SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics control. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20:877-879. [PMID: 32422198 PMCID: PMC7228738 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
von Ambüren J, Schreiber F, Fischer J, Winter S, van Gumpel E, Simonis A, Rybniker J. Comprehensive Host Cell-Based Screening Assays for Identification of Anti-Virulence Drugs Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella Typhimurium. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081096. [PMID: 32707871 PMCID: PMC7463580 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of bacterial pathogens being resistant to antibiotic treatment is increasing worldwide, leading to a severe global health challenge. Simultaneously, the development and approval of new antibiotics stagnated in the past decades, leading to an urgent need for novel approaches to avoid the spread of untreatable bacterial infections in the future. We developed a highly comprehensive screening platform based on quantification of pathogen driven host-cell death to detect new anti-virulence drugs targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST), both known for their emerging antibiotic resistance. By screening over 10,000 small molecules we could identify several substances showing promising effects on Pa and ST pathogenicity in our in vitro infection model. Importantly, we could detect compounds potently inhibiting bacteria induced killing of host cells and one novel comipound with impact on the function of the type 3 secretion system (T3SS) of ST. Thus, we provide proof of concept data of rapid and feasible medium- to high-throughput drug screening assays targeting virulence mechanisms of two major Gram-negative pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia von Ambüren
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.v.A.); (F.S.); (J.F.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
| | - Fynn Schreiber
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.v.A.); (F.S.); (J.F.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
| | - Julia Fischer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.v.A.); (F.S.); (J.F.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
| | - Sandra Winter
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
| | - Edeltraud van Gumpel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.v.A.); (F.S.); (J.F.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (J.v.A.); (F.S.); (J.F.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.); (E.v.G.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Langerbeins P, Fürstenau M, Gruell H, Klein F, Persigehl T, Rybniker J, Seeger-Nukpezah T, Kochanek M, Hallek M, Eichhorst B, Koehler P, Böll B. COVID-19 complicated by parainfluenza co-infection in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2020; 105:508-511. [PMID: 32575156 PMCID: PMC7361362 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The number of people suffering from the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 continues to rise. In SARS-CoV-2, superinfection with bacteria or fungi seems to be associated with increased mortality. The role of co-infections with respiratory viral pathogens has not yet been clarified. Here, we report the course of COVID-19 in a CLL patient with secondary immunodeficiency and viral co-infection with parainfluenza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Langerbeins
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Moritz Fürstenau
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Gruell
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tamina Seeger-Nukpezah
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Kochanek
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Eichhorst
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Koehler
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris Böll
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Suárez I, Fünger SM, Kröger S, Rademacher J, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. The Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2020; 116:729-735. [PMID: 31755407 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around 10 million people worldwide contract tuberculosis every year. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately one-quarter of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In Ger- many, the incidence of tuberculosis was in decline over several decades but rose in 2015 to 7.3 new cases per 100 000 persons. In 2018, a total of 5429 new cases were documented, corresponding to 6.5 new cases per 100 000 persons. METHODS This article is based on literature retrieved by a selective search in PubMed and on the authors' clinical experience. RESULTS Tuberculosis involves the lungs in almost 75% of patients but can generally involve any organ. In Germany, the majority of patients come from high-incidence countries. If a patient's differential diagnosis includes tuberculosis, the main tests for the detection of the pathogen in sputum and tissue samples are culture (the gold standard), microscopy, and nucleic acid amplification tests. Imaging studies are also used for diagnosis and follow-up. The standard treatment consists of a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, followed by a combination of isoniazid and rifampicin only. Liver damage is one of the more common adverse effects of this treatment, arising in 2.4% of patients. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, which is rare in Germany (around 100 cases per year), should be treated in special- ized centers. CONCLUSION Rapid diagnosis and targeted treatment are essential to prevent an unfavorable course of the disease as well as its transmission to other individuals. In patients presenting with unclear symptoms, tuberculosis should always be considered as a differential diagnosis. The diagnosis of latent tuberculosis and decision-making regarding its treatment are difficult because of the lack of specific biomarkers and of relevant data from clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Suárez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne; German Center for Infection Research, Cologne-Bonn, Partner Site Cologne; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin; Department of Pneumonology, Hanover Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Augustin M, Schommers P, Suárez I, Koehler P, Gruell H, Klein F, Maurer C, Langerbeins P, Priesner V, Schmidt-Hellerau K, Malin JJ, Stecher M, Jung N, Wiesmüller G, Meissner A, Zweigner J, Langebartels G, Kolibay F, Suárez V, Burst V, Valentin P, Schedler D, Cornely OA, Hallek M, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J, Lehmann C. Rapid response infrastructure for pandemic preparedness in a tertiary care hospital: lessons learned from the COVID-19 outbreak in Cologne, Germany, February to March 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25. [PMID: 32489176 PMCID: PMC7268272 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.21.2000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused tremendous pressure on hospital infrastructures such as emergency rooms (ER) and outpatient departments. To avoid malfunctioning of critical services because of large numbers of potentially infected patients seeking consultation, we established a COVID-19 rapid response infrastructure (CRRI), which instantly restored ER functionality. The CRRI was also used for testing of hospital personnel, provided epidemiological data and was a highly effective response to increasing numbers of suspected COVID-19 cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Augustin
- These authors contributed equally to this article.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Schommers
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,These authors contributed equally to this article.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suárez
- These authors contributed equally to this article.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Koehler
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department I of Internal Medicine, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Gruell
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Maurer
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Köln, Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Langerbeins
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Köln, Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Priesner
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kirsten Schmidt-Hellerau
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Stecher
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Arne Meissner
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Zweigner
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Felix Kolibay
- Department for Clinical Affairs, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Victor Suárez
- Department II of Internal Medicine (Nephrology, Rheumatology, Diabetes, and General Internal Medicine) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Burst
- Department II of Internal Medicine (Nephrology, Rheumatology, Diabetes, and General Internal Medicine) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philippe Valentin
- Department II of Internal Medicine (Nephrology, Rheumatology, Diabetes, and General Internal Medicine) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Schedler
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department I of Internal Medicine, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Köln, Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- These authors contributed equally to this article.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- These authors contributed equally to this article.,University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Koehler P, Cornely OA, Böttiger BW, Dusse F, Eichenauer DA, Fuchs F, Hallek M, Jung N, Klein F, Persigehl T, Rybniker J, Kochanek M, Böll B, Shimabukuro-Vornhagen A. COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis. Mycoses 2020; 63:528-534. [PMID: 32339350 PMCID: PMC7267243 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to viral infection are at risk for secondary complications like invasive aspergillosis. Our study evaluates coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) associated invasive aspergillosis at a single centre in Cologne, Germany. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all patients with COVID-19 associated ARDS admitted to the medical or surgical intensive care unit at the University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. RESULTS COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was found in five of 19 consecutive critically ill patients with moderate to severe ARDS. CONCLUSION Clinicians caring for patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 should consider invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and subject respiratory samples to comprehensive analysis to detect co-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Koehler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,ZKS Köln, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd W Böttiger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabian Dusse
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis A Eichenauer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frieder Fuchs
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Persigehl
- Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Kochanek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris Böll
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Suárez I, Gruell H, Heyckendorf J, Fünger S, Lichtenstein T, Jung N, Lehmann C, Unnewehr M, Fätkenheuer G, Lange C, Rybniker J. Intensified adjunctive corticosteroid therapy for CNS tuberculomas. Infection 2020; 48:289-293. [PMID: 31900872 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-019-01378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculomas are a challenging manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis often leading to neurological complications and post-treatment sequelae. The role of adjunctive corticosteroid treatment is not fully understood. Most guidelines on management of tuberculosis do not distinguish between tuberculous meningitis and CNS tuberculomas in terms of corticosteroid therapy. METHODS We describe five patients with CNS tuberculomas who required intensified dexamethasone treatment for several months, in two cases up to 18 months. RESULTS These patients were initially treated with the standard four-drug tuberculosis regimen and adjuvant dexamethasone. Neurological symptoms improved rapidly. However, multiple attempts to reduce or discontinue corticosteroids according to guideline recommendations led to clinical deterioration with generalized seizures or new CNS lesions. Thus, duration of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy was extended eventually leading to clinical cure and resolution of lesions. CONCLUSION In contrast to tuberculous meningitis, the treatment for CNS tuberculomas appears to require a prolonged administration of corticosteroids. These findings need to be verified in controlled clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Suárez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Gruell
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Research Center Borstel, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Borstel, Germany.,Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Borstel, Germany.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sarah Fünger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lichtenstein
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Unnewehr
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. Barbara-Klinik, Hamm, Germany.,University of Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Lange
- Research Center Borstel, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Borstel, Germany.,Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Borstel, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gräb J, Rybniker J. The Expanding Role of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Programmed Host Cell Death. Microbiol Insights 2019; 12:1178636119864594. [PMID: 31384128 PMCID: PMC6657118 DOI: 10.1177/1178636119864594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved in a multitude of
essential cellular processes. The kinase is activated in response to
environmental stresses, including bacterial infections and inflammation, to
regulate the immune response of the host. However, recent studies have
demonstrated that pathogens can manipulate p38 MAPK signaling for their own
benefit to either prevent or induce host cell apoptosis. In addition, there is
evidence demonstrating that p38 MAPK is a potent trigger of pathogen-induced
necrosis driven by mitochondrial membrane disruption. Given the large number of
p38 MAPK inhibitors that have been tested in clinical trials, these findings
provide an opportunity to repurpose these drugs for improved control of
infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gräb
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Suárez I, Maria Fünger S, Jung N, Lehmann C, Reimer RP, Mehrkens D, Bunte A, Plum G, Jaspers N, Schmidt M, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. Severe disseminated tuberculosis in HIV-negative refugees. Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19:e352-e359. [PMID: 31182290 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In high-income countries, the presentation of tuberculosis is changing, primarily because of migration, and understanding the specific health needs of susceptible populations is becoming increasingly important. Although disseminated tuberculosis is well documented in HIV-positive patients, the disease is poorly described and less expected in HIV-negative individuals. In this Grand Round, we report eight HIV-negative refugees, who presented with extensively disseminated tuberculosis. We discuss the multifactorial causes, such as deprivations during long journeys, precarious living conditions, and the experience of violence, which might add to nutritional factors and chronic disorders, eventually resulting in a state of predisposition to immune deficiency. We also show that disseminated tuberculosis is often difficult to diagnose when pulmonary symptoms are absent. Communication difficulties between refugees and health-care workers are another major hurdle, and every effort should be made to get a valid patient history. This medical history is crucial to guide imaging and other diagnostic procedures to establish a definite diagnosis, which should be confirmed by a positive tuberculosis culture. Because many of these patients are at risk for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, drug susceptibility testing is imperative to guide therapy. In the absence of treatment guidelines for this entity, clinicians can determine treatment duration according to recommendations provided for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and affected organs. Paradoxical expansion of tuberculous lesions during therapy should be treated with corticosteroids. In many cases, treatment duration must be individualised and might even exceed 12 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Suárez
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Maria Fünger
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norma Jung
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Peter Reimer
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Mehrkens
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Bunte
- Public Health Department Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Georg Plum
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalie Jaspers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Department for Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerd Fätkenheuer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kiefer A, Bader CD, Held J, Esser A, Rybniker J, Empting M, Müller R, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of New Cyclomarin Derivatives and Their Biological Evaluation towards
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
and
Plasmodium Falciparum. Chemistry 2019; 25:8894-8902. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kiefer
- Organic ChemistrySaarland University Campus C4.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Chantal D. Bader
- Department Microbial Natural Products (MINS)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jana Held
- Department of Tropical MedicineUniversity of Tübingen Wilhelmstraße 27 72074 Tübingen Germany
| | - Anna Esser
- Center for Molecular Medicine CologneUniversity of Cologne Robert Koch Str. 21 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal MedicineUniversity of Cologne 50937 Cologne (Germany) and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products (MINS)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of PharmacySaarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organic ChemistrySaarland University Campus C4.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Steinbach A, Cornely OA, Wisplinghoff H, Schauss AC, Vehreschild JJ, Rybniker J, Hamprecht A, Richter A, Bacher P, Scheffold A, Koehler P. Mould-reactive T cells for the diagnosis of invasive mould infection-A prospective study. Mycoses 2019; 62:562-569. [PMID: 31034691 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Invasive mould infections (IMI) in immunocompromised patients are difficult to diagnose. Early and targeted treatment is paramount, but minimally invasive tests reliably identifying pathogens are lacking. We previously showed that monitoring pathogen-specific CD4+T cells in peripheral blood using upregulation of induced CD154 positive lymphocytes can be used to diagnose acute IMI. Here, we validate our findings in an independent patient cohort. We stimulated peripheral blood cells from at-risk patients with Aspergillus spp. and Mucorales lysates and quantitated mould-reactive CD4/CD69/CD154 positive lymphocytes via flow cytometry. Mould-reactive lymphocytes were quantitated in 115 at-risk patients. In 38 (33%) patients, the test was not evaluable, mainly due to low T cell counts or non-reactive positive control. Test results were evaluable in 77 (67%) patients. Of these, four patients (5%) had proven IMI and elevated mould-reactive T cell signals. Of 73 (95%) patients without proven IMI, 59 (81%) had mould-reactive T cell signals within normal range. Fourteen (19%) patients without confirmed IMI showed elevated T cell signals and 11 of those received antifungal treatment. The mould-reactive lymphocyte assay identified presence of IMI with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 81%. The mould-reactive lymphocyte assay correctly identified all patients with proven IMI. Assay applicability is limited by low T cell counts during bone marrow suppression. The assay has the potential to support diagnosis of invasive mould infection to facilitate tailored treatment even when biopsies are contraindicated or cultures remain negative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Steinbach
- Faculty of Medicine, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- Faculty of Medicine, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinical Trials Center Cologne, University of Cologne, ZKS Koeln, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hilmar Wisplinghoff
- Wisplinghoff Laboratories, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Virology and Clinical Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Astrid C Schauss
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joerg J Vehreschild
- Faculty of Medicine, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Medical Department 2, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Faculty of Medicine, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Axel Hamprecht
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Richter
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel & UKSH Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel & UKSH Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Koehler
- Faculty of Medicine, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Augustin M, Horn C, Koch J, Sandaradura de Silva U, Platten M, Nierhoff D, Suarez I, Chon SH, Rybniker J, Lehmann C. Short Communication: Tracking Tregs: Translocation of CD49b/LAG-3 + Type 1 T Regulatory Cells to the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of HIV + Patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:247-250. [PMID: 30019612 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2018.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal mucosa [gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)] represents the largest site of chronic immune activation and HIV replication. Important cellular agents in the immunopathogenesis of an HIV infection are, in particular, CD49b/LAG-3+ type 1 T regulatory cells (Tr1), which secrete large amounts of IL-10 (interleukin-10), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, the main producers of IFN-α (interferon-alpha). However, the distribution of CD49b/LAG-3+ Tr1 cells along the GALT is unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Augustin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Carola Horn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Julian Koch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Martin Platten
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Nierhoff
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Suarez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Seung-Hun Chon
- Department of General, Visceral Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Clara Lehmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|