1
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Yang Z, Pan X, Wu X, Lin Q, Chen Y, Cai S, Zhang Y, Mai Z, Ahmad N, Ma D, Deng L. TREM-1 induces pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes by activating NLRP3 inflammasome through the SMC4/NEMO pathway. FEBS J 2023; 290:1549-1562. [PMID: 36181338 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis often causes cell death via pyroptosis and hence results in septic cardiomyopathy. Triggering receptors expressed in myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) may initiate cellular cascade pathways and, in turn, induce cell death and vital organ dysfunction in sepsis, but the evidence is limited. We set to investigate the role of TREM-1 on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors with pyrin domain-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in sepsis models using cardiac cell line (HL-1) and mice. In this study, TREM-1 was found to be significantly increased in HL-1 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pyroptosis was also significantly increased in the HL-1 cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide and an NLRP3 inflammasome activator, nigericin. The close interaction between TREM-1 and structural maintenance of chromosome 4 (SMC4) was also identified. Furthermore, inhibition of TREM-1 or SMC4 prevented the upregulation of NLRP3 and decreased Gasdermin-D, IL-1β and caspase-1 cleavage. In mice subjected to caecal ligation and puncture, the TREM-1 inhibitor LR12 decreased the expression of NLRP3 and attenuated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, leading to improved cardiac function and prolonged survival of septic mice. Our work demonstrates that, under septic conditions, TREM-1 plays a critical role in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Targeting TREM-1 and its associated molecules may therefore lead to novel therapeutic treatments for septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Qiuyun Lin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Shuting Cai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Yuanli Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Zhenhua Mai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Niall Ahmad
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Liehua Deng
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
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2
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Ajore R, Niroula A, Pertesi M, Cafaro C, Thodberg M, Went M, Bao EL, Duran-Lozano L, Lopez de Lapuente Portilla A, Olafsdottir T, Ugidos-Damboriena N, Magnusson O, Samur M, Lareau CA, Halldorsson GH, Thorleifsson G, Norddahl GL, Gunnarsdottir K, Försti A, Goldschmidt H, Hemminki K, van Rhee F, Kimber S, Sperling AS, Kaiser M, Anderson K, Jonsdottir I, Munshi N, Rafnar T, Waage A, Weinhold N, Thorsteinsdottir U, Sankaran VG, Stefansson K, Houlston R, Nilsson B. Functional dissection of inherited non-coding variation influencing multiple myeloma risk. Nat Commun 2022; 13:151. [PMID: 35013207 PMCID: PMC8748989 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thousands of non-coding variants have been associated with increased risk of human diseases, yet the causal variants and their mechanisms-of-action remain obscure. In an integrative study combining massively parallel reporter assays (MPRA), expression analyses (eQTL, meQTL, PCHiC) and chromatin accessibility analyses in primary cells (caQTL), we investigate 1,039 variants associated with multiple myeloma (MM). We demonstrate that MM susceptibility is mediated by gene-regulatory changes in plasma cells and B-cells, and identify putative causal variants at six risk loci (SMARCD3, WAC, ELL2, CDCA7L, CEP120, and PREX1). Notably, three of these variants co-localize with significant plasma cell caQTLs, signaling the presence of causal activity at these precise genomic positions in an endogenous chromosomal context in vivo. Our results provide a systematic functional dissection of risk loci for a hematologic malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Ajore
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Abhishek Niroula
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main Street, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Maroulio Pertesi
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caterina Cafaro
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malte Thodberg
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Molly Went
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Erik L Bao
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main Street, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Duran-Lozano
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Nerea Ugidos-Damboriena
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olafur Magnusson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Mehmet Samur
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caleb A Lareau
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main Street, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Asta Försti
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kari Hemminki
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, 30605, Czech Republic
| | | | - Scott Kimber
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Adam S Sperling
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Kaiser
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Anderson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nikhil Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorunn Rafnar
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anders Waage
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Box 8905, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Niels Weinhold
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main Street, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Richard Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Nilsson
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, BMC B13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 415 Main Street, Boston, MA, 02142, USA.
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3
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Rivas MA, Durmaz C, Kloetgen A, Chin CR, Chen Z, Bhinder B, Koren A, Viny AD, Scharer CD, Boss JM, Elemento O, Mason CE, Melnick AM. Cohesin Core Complex Gene Dosage Contributes to Germinal Center Derived Lymphoma Phenotypes and Outcomes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:688493. [PMID: 34621263 PMCID: PMC8490713 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.688493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cohesin complex plays critical roles in genomic stability and gene expression through effects on 3D architecture. Cohesin core subunit genes are mutated across a wide cross-section of cancers, but not in germinal center (GC) derived lymphomas. In spite of this, haploinsufficiency of cohesin ATPase subunit Smc3 was shown to contribute to malignant transformation of GC B-cells in mice. Herein we explored potential mechanisms and clinical relevance of Smc3 deficiency in GC lymphomagenesis. Transcriptional profiling of Smc3 haploinsufficient murine lymphomas revealed downregulation of genes repressed by loss of epigenetic tumor suppressors Tet2 and Kmt2d. Profiling 3D chromosomal interactions in lymphomas revealed impaired enhancer-promoter interactions affecting genes like Tet2, which was aberrantly downregulated in Smc3 deficient lymphomas. Tet2 plays important roles in B-cell exit from the GC reaction, and single cell RNA-seq profiles and phenotypic trajectory analysis in Smc3 mutant mice revealed a specific defect in commitment to the final steps of plasma cell differentiation. Although Smc3 deficiency resulted in structural abnormalities in GC B-cells, there was no increase of somatic mutations or structural variants in Smc3 haploinsufficient lymphomas, suggesting that cohesin deficiency largely induces lymphomas through disruption of enhancer-promoter interactions of terminal differentiation and tumor suppressor genes. Strikingly, the presence of the Smc3 haploinsufficient GC B-cell transcriptional signature in human patients with GC-derived diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was linked to inferior clinical outcome and low expression of cohesin core subunits. Reciprocally, reduced expression of cohesin subunits was an independent risk factor for worse survival int DLBCL patient cohorts. Collectively, the data suggest that Smc3 functions as a bona fide tumor suppressor for lymphomas through non-genetic mechanisms, and drives disease by disrupting the commitment of GC B-cells to the plasma cell fate.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/immunology
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/genetics
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/immunology
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/immunology
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Databases, Genetic
- Dioxygenases/genetics
- Dioxygenases/metabolism
- Gene Dosage
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Germinal Center/immunology
- Germinal Center/metabolism
- Haploinsufficiency
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/metabolism
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/genetics
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Plasma Cells/immunology
- Plasma Cells/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A. Rivas
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ceyda Durmaz
- Graduate Program on Physiology, Biophysics & Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- Department of Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cristopher R. Chin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bhavneet Bhinder
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amnon Koren
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Aaron D. Viny
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher D. Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Boss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher E. Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- The WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ari M. Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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4
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Mahler M, Kim G, Roup F, Bentow C, Fabien N, Goncalves D, Palterer B, Fritzler MJ, Villalta D. Evaluation of a novel particle-based multi-analyte technology for the detection of anti-fibrillarin antibodies. Immunol Res 2021; 69:239-248. [PMID: 33913080 PMCID: PMC8266783 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-021-09197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease associated with several anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), including those in the classification criteria (anti-centromere, anti-topoisomerase I (Scl-70), anti-RNA Pol III). However, the presence of less common antibodies such as anti-fibrillarin (U3-RNP) that generate a clumpy nucleolar pattern by HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA, ICAP AC-9) are considered disease specific and are with clinical subsets of SSc, therefore playing a role in diagnosis and prognosis. A specific and sensitive anti-fibrillarin assay would be an important addition to serological diagnosis and evaluation of SSc. The goal of this study was to evaluate a new particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) for the measurement of anti-fibrillarin antibodies. A total of 149 patient samples were collected including 47 samples from France (Lyon and Paris, n = 32) and Italy (Careggi Hospital, Florence, n = 15) selected based on AC-9 HEp-2 IFA staining (> 1:640, clumpy nucleolar pattern) and 102 non-SSc controls (inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) n = 20, Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) n = 20, infectious disease (ID) n = 7, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) n = 17, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) n = 17, and healthy individuals (HI) n = 21). All samples were tested on the anti-fibrillarin PMAT assay (research use only, Inova Diagnostics, USA). Additionally, the 47 anti-fibrillarin positive samples were also tested on PMAT assays for detecting other autoantibodies in ANA-associated rheumatic diseases (AARD). Anti-fibrillarin antibody data performed by fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA, Thermo Fisher, Germany) was available for 34 samples. The anti-fibrillarin PMAT assay was positive in 31/32 (96.9%, France) and 12/15 (80.0%, Italy) of samples preselected based on the AC-9 IIF pattern (difference p = 0.09). Collectively, the PMAT assay showed 91.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 80.1-96.6%) sensitivity with 100.0% (95% CI: 96.4-100.0%) specificity in non-SSc controls. Strong agreement was found between PMAT and FEIA with 100.0% positive qualitative agreement (34/34) and quantitative agreement (Spearman's rho = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.77.9-0.95%, p < 0.0001). Although most anti-fibrillarin positive samples were mono-specific (69.8%), some expressed additional antibodies (namely Scl-70, centromere, dsDNA, Ro52, Ro60, SS-B, Ribo-P, DFS70, and EJ). In conclusion, this first study on anti-fibrillarin antibodies measured using a novel PMAT assay shows promising results where the new PMAT assay had high level of agreement to FEIA for the detection of anti-fibrillarin antibodies. The availability of novel AFA assays such as PMAT might facilitate the clinical deployment, additional studies, standardization efforts, and potentially consideration of AFA for next generations of the classification criteria.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/immunology
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/isolation & purification
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/immunology
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Feasibility Studies
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/instrumentation
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/methods
- Healthy Volunteers
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
- Scleroderma, Systemic/blood
- Scleroderma, Systemic/diagnosis
- Scleroderma, Systemic/immunology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mahler
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA
| | - Grace Kim
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA
| | - Fabrece Roup
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA.
| | - Chelsea Bentow
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA
| | - Nicole Fabien
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard, Pierre-Benite, France
| | - David Goncalves
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard, Pierre-Benite, France
- University Lyon I, University of Lyon, Pierre-Benite, France
| | - Boaz Palterer
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N4N1, Canada
| | - Danilo Villalta
- Immunologia E Allergologia, Ospedale S. Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy
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5
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Zhang W, Jin J, Wang Y, Fang L, Min L, Wang X, Ding L, Weng L, Xiao T, Zhou T, Wang P. PD-L1 regulates genomic stability via interaction with cohesin-SA1 in the nucleus. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:81. [PMID: 33627620 PMCID: PMC7904913 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Jin
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjin Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Fang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Min
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinbo Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjun Weng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tan Xiao
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Yuan CW, Sun XL, Qiao LC, Xu HX, Zhu P, Chen HJ, Yang BL. Non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 and non-SMC condensin II complex subunit D3 induces inflammation via the IKK/NF-κB pathway in ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6813-6822. [PMID: 31885422 PMCID: PMC6931004 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i47.6813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease with undefined pathogenesis. Non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) and non-SMC condensin II complex subunit D3 (NCAPD3) play pivotal roles in chromosome assembly and segregation during both mitosis and meiosis. To date, there has been no relevant report about the functional role of NCAPD2 and NCAPD3 in UC.
AIM To determine the level of NCAPD2/3 in intestinal mucosa and explore the mechanisms of NCAPD2/3 in UC.
METHODS Levels of NCAPD2/3 in intestinal tissue were detected in 30 UC patients and 30 healthy individuals with in situ hybridization (ISH). In vitro, NCM60 cells were divided into the NC group, model group, si-NCAPD2 group, si-NCAPD3 group and si-NCAPD2+si-NCAPD3 group. Inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA, IKK and NF-κB were evaluated by western blot, and IKK nucleation and NF-κB volume were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay.
RESULTS Compared with expression in healthy individuals, NCAPD2 and NCAPD3 expression in intestinal tissue was significantly upregulated (P < 0.001) in UC patients. Compared with levels in the model group, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the si-NCAPD2, si-NCAPD3 and si-NCAPD2+si-NCAPD3 groups were significantly downregulated (P < 0.01). IKK and NF-κB protein expression in the si-NCAPD2, si-NCAPD3 and si-NCAPD2+si-NCAPD3 groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Moreover, IKK nucleation and NF-κB volume were suppressed upon si-NCAPD2, si-NCAPD3 and si-NCAPD2+ si-NCAPD3 transfection.
CONCLUSION NCAPD2/3 is highly expressed in the intestinal mucosa of patients with active UC. Overexpression of NCAPD2/3 promotes the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by modulating the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Wen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xue-Liang Sun
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Chao Qiao
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Xia Xu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong-Jin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo-Lin Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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7
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Leruste A, Tosello J, Ramos RN, Tauziède-Espariat A, Brohard S, Han ZY, Beccaria K, Andrianteranagna M, Caudana P, Nikolic J, Chauvin C, Niborski LL, Manriquez V, Richer W, Masliah-Planchon J, Grossetête-Lalami S, Bohec M, Lameiras S, Baulande S, Pouponnot C, Coulomb A, Galmiche L, Surdez D, Servant N, Helft J, Sedlik C, Puget S, Benaroch P, Delattre O, Waterfall JJ, Piaggio E, Bourdeaut F. Clonally Expanded T Cells Reveal Immunogenicity of Rhabdoid Tumors. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:597-612.e8. [PMID: 31708437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdoid tumors (RTs) are genomically simple pediatric cancers driven by the biallelic inactivation of SMARCB1, leading to SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler complex deficiency. Comprehensive evaluation of the immune infiltrates of human and mice RTs, including immunohistochemistry, bulk RNA sequencing and DNA methylation profiling studies showed a high rate of tumors infiltrated by T and myeloid cells. Single-cell RNA (scRNA) and T cell receptor sequencing highlighted the heterogeneity of these cells and revealed therapeutically targetable exhausted effector and clonally expanded tissue resident memory CD8+ T subpopulations, likely representing tumor-specific cells. Checkpoint blockade therapy in an experimental RT model induced the regression of established tumors and durable immune responses. Finally, we show that one mechanism mediating RTs immunogenicity involves SMARCB1-dependent re-expression of endogenous retroviruses and interferon-signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Leruste
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jimena Tosello
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Rodrigo Nalio Ramos
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | | | - Solène Brohard
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Zhi-Yan Han
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Beccaria
- AP-HP, Necker Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Paris, France
| | - Mamy Andrianteranagna
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U900, Paris, France; MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Pamela Caudana
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Jovan Nikolic
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Céline Chauvin
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Leticia Laura Niborski
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Valeria Manriquez
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Wilfrid Richer
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Julien Masliah-Planchon
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Hospital, Laboratory of Somatic Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Grossetête-Lalami
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mylene Bohec
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Lameiras
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Paris, France
| | - Celio Pouponnot
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Orsay, France
| | - Aurore Coulomb
- AP-HP, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Department of Pathology, Paris, France
| | - Louise Galmiche
- AP-HP, Necker Hospital, Department of Pathology, Paris, France
| | - Didier Surdez
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Servant
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U900, Paris, France; MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Julie Helft
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Christine Sedlik
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Puget
- AP-HP, Necker Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Benaroch
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Joshua J Waterfall
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France.
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U932, Paris, France.
| | - Franck Bourdeaut
- PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, INSERM U830, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, Paris, France; SIREDO: Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
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8
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Yang W, Lee KW, Srivastava RM, Kuo F, Krishna C, Chowell D, Makarov V, Hoen D, Dalin MG, Wexler L, Ghossein R, Katabi N, Nadeem Z, Cohen MA, Tian SK, Robine N, Arora K, Geiger H, Agius P, Bouvier N, Huberman K, Vanness K, Havel JJ, Sims JS, Samstein RM, Mandal R, Tepe J, Ganly I, Ho AL, Riaz N, Wong RJ, Shukla N, Chan TA, Morris LGT. Immunogenic neoantigens derived from gene fusions stimulate T cell responses. Nat Med 2019; 25:767-775. [PMID: 31011208 PMCID: PMC6558662 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Anti-tumor immunity is driven by self versus non-self discrimination. Many immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer have taken advantage of tumor neoantigens derived from somatic mutations. Here, we demonstrate that gene fusions are a source of immunogenic neoantigens that can mediate responses to immunotherapy. We identified an exceptional responder with metastatic head and neck cancer who experienced a complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, despite a low mutational load and minimal pre-treatment immune infiltration in the tumor. Using whole-genome sequencing and RNA sequencing, we identified a novel gene fusion and demonstrated that it produces a neoantigen that can specifically elicit a host cytotoxic T cell response. In a cohort of head and neck tumors with low mutation burden, minimal immune infiltration and prevalent gene fusions, we also identified gene fusion-derived neoantigens that generate cytotoxic T cell responses. Finally, analyzing additional datasets of fusion-positive cancers, including checkpoint-inhibitor-treated tumors, we found evidence of immune surveillance resulting in negative selective pressure against gene fusion-derived neoantigens. These findings highlight an important class of tumor-specific antigens and have implications for targeting gene fusion events in cancers that would otherwise be less poised for response to immunotherapy, including cancers with low mutational load and minimal immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ken-Wing Lee
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raghvendra M Srivastava
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fengshen Kuo
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chirag Krishna
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diego Chowell
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vladimir Makarov
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas Hoen
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin G Dalin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leonard Wexler
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald Ghossein
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nora Katabi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zaineb Nadeem
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc A Cohen
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Ken Tian
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Nancy Bouvier
- Integrated Genomics Operation, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kety Huberman
- Integrated Genomics Operation, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katelynd Vanness
- Integrated Genomics Operation, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan J Havel
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer S Sims
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert M Samstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajarsi Mandal
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin Tepe
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian Ganly
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan L Ho
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard J Wong
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neerav Shukla
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Luc G T Morris
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery (Head and Neck Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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9
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Chen Z, Amro EM, Becker F, Hölzer M, Rasa SMM, Njeru SN, Han B, Di Sanzo S, Chen Y, Tang D, Tao S, Haenold R, Groth M, Romanov VS, Kirkpatrick JM, Kraus JM, Kestler HA, Marz M, Ori A, Neri F, Morita Y, Rudolph KL. Cohesin-mediated NF-κB signaling limits hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal in aging and inflammation. J Exp Med 2019; 216:152-175. [PMID: 30530755 PMCID: PMC6314529 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Organism aging is characterized by increased inflammation and decreased stem cell function, yet the relationship between these factors remains incompletely understood. This study shows that aged hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) exhibit increased ground-stage NF-κB activity, which enhances their responsiveness to undergo differentiation and loss of self-renewal in response to inflammation. The study identifies Rad21/cohesin as a critical mediator of NF-κB signaling, which increases chromatin accessibility in the vicinity of NF-κB target genes in response to inflammation. Rad21 is required for normal differentiation, but limits self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during aging and inflammation in an NF-κB-dependent manner. HSCs from aged mice fail to down-regulate Rad21/cohesin and inflammation/differentiation signals in the resolution phase of inflammation. Inhibition of cohesin/NF-κB reverts hypersensitivity of aged HSPCs to inflammation-induced differentiation and myeloid-biased HSCs with disrupted/reduced expression of Rad21/cohesin are increasingly selected during aging. Together, Rad21/cohesin-mediated NF-κB signaling limits HSPC function during aging and selects for cohesin-deficient HSCs with myeloid-skewed differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Chen
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Elias Moris Amro
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Friedrich Becker
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Hölzer
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Bing Han
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Simone Di Sanzo
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Yulin Chen
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Duozhuang Tang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Si Tao
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Ronny Haenold
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Matthias Schleiden Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Vasily S Romanov
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | | | - Johann M Kraus
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hans A Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Manja Marz
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Francesco Neri
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Yohei Morita
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - K Lenhard Rudolph
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
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10
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Ding S, Diep J, Feng N, Ren L, Li B, Ooi YS, Wang X, Brulois KF, Yasukawa LL, Li X, Kuo CJ, Solomon DA, Carette JE, Greenberg HB. STAG2 deficiency induces interferon responses via cGAS-STING pathway and restricts virus infection. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1485. [PMID: 29662124 PMCID: PMC5902600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cohesin is a multi-subunit nuclear protein complex that coordinates sister chromatid separation during cell division. Highly frequent somatic mutations in genes encoding core cohesin subunits have been reported in multiple cancer types. Here, using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening approach to identify host dependency factors and novel innate immune regulators of rotavirus (RV) infection, we demonstrate that the loss of STAG2, an important component of the cohesin complex, confers resistance to RV replication in cell culture and human intestinal enteroids. Mechanistically, STAG2 deficiency results in spontaneous genomic DNA damage and robust interferon (IFN) expression via the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway. The resultant activation of JAK-STAT signaling and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression broadly protects against virus infections, including RVs. Our work highlights a previously undocumented role of the cohesin complex in regulating IFN homeostasis and identifies new therapeutic avenues for manipulating the innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute of Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Jonathan Diep
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ningguo Feng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute of Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Lili Ren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute of Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaw Shin Ooi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Kevin F Brulois
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute of Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Linda L Yasukawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute of Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Xingnan Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Calvin J Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - David A Solomon
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jan E Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Harry B Greenberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute of Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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11
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Mor‐Vaknin N, Rivas M, Legendre M, Mohan S, Yuanfan Y, Mau T, Johnson A, Huang B, Zhao L, Kimura Y, Spalding SJ, Morris PW, Gottlieb BS, Onel K, Olson JC, Edelheit BS, Shishov M, Jung LK, Cassidy EA, Prahalad S, Passo MH, Beukelman T, Mehta J, Giannini EH, Adams BS, Lovell DJ, Markovitz DM. High Levels of DEK Autoantibodies in Sera of Patients With Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and With Early Disease Flares Following Cessation of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:594-605. [PMID: 29287303 PMCID: PMC5876119 DOI: 10.1002/art.40404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The nuclear oncoprotein DEK is an autoantigen associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), especially the oligoarticular subtype. DEK is a secreted chemotactic factor. Abundant levels of DEK and DEK autoantibodies are found in inflamed synovium in JIA. We undertook this study to further characterize the nature of DEK autoantibodies in screening serum samples from 2 different cohorts that consisted mostly of patients with JIA. METHODS DEK autoantibody levels were analyzed in sera from 33 JIA patients, 13 patients with other inflammatory conditions, and 11 healthy controls, as well as in 89 serum samples from JIA patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy. Recombinant His-tagged full-length DEK protein (1-375 amino acids [aa]) and the 187-375-aa and 1-350-aa His-tagged DEK fragments made in a baculovirus system were used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. The C-terminal 25-aa fragment of DEK was expressed in a glutathione S-transferase-tagged vector. ELISA results were calculated as area under the curve by the trapezoidal rule. RESULTS DEK autoantibody levels were significantly higher in patients with polyarticular JIA than in those with oligoarticular JIA, and were higher in patients with polyarticular JIA who had more active disease after cessation of anti-TNF therapy. Immunoblotting against the C-terminal 25-aa fragment of DEK confirmed that this section of the DEK molecule is the most immunogenic domain. CONCLUSION DEK autoantibody levels are higher in patients with polyarticular JIA than in those with oligoarticular JIA, and higher in patients who have disease flares after cessation of anti-TNF therapy. The C-terminal 25-aa fragment is the most immunogenic portion of DEK. These findings are significant with respect to the nature of DEK autoantibodies, their contribution to JIA pathogenesis, and their implications for JIA management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne Johnson
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhio
| | - Bin Huang
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati School of MedicineCincinnatiOhio
| | | | - Yukiko Kimura
- Joseph M. Sanzari Children's HospitalHackensack University Medical CenterHackensackNew Jersey
| | | | | | - Beth S. Gottlieb
- Cohen Children's Medical Center, Northwell HealthHofstra Norwell School of MedicineHempsteadNew York
| | - Karen Onel
- Joseph M. Sanzari Children's HospitalHackensack University Medical CenterHackensackNew Jersey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jay Mehta
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew York
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12
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Mor-Vaknin N, Saha A, Legendre M, Carmona-Rivera C, Amin MA, Rabquer BJ, Gonzales-Hernandez MJ, Jorns J, Mohan S, Yalavarthi S, Pai DA, Angevine K, Almburg SJ, Knight JS, Adams BS, Koch AE, Fox DA, Engelke DR, Kaplan MJ, Markovitz DM. DEK-targeting DNA aptamers as therapeutics for inflammatory arthritis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14252. [PMID: 28165452 PMCID: PMC5303823 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel therapeutics are required for improving the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA molecules that have recently shown utility in a clinical setting, as they can specifically neutralize biomedically relevant proteins, particularly cell surface and extracellular proteins. The nuclear chromatin protein DEK is a secreted chemoattractant that is abundant in the synovia of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Here, we show that DEK is crucial to the development of arthritis in mouse models, thus making it an appropriate target for aptamer-based therapy. Genetic depletion of DEK or treatment with DEK-targeted aptamers significantly reduces joint inflammation in vivo and greatly impairs the ability of neutrophils to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). DEK is detected in spontaneously forming NETs from JIA patient synovial neutrophils, and DEK-targeted aptamers reduce NET formation. DEK is thus key to joint inflammation, and anti-DEK aptamers hold promise for the treatment of JIA and other types of arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Juvenile/immunology
- Arthritis, Juvenile/therapy
- Chemotactic Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemotactic Factors/genetics
- Chemotactic Factors/immunology
- Chemotactic Factors/metabolism
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/immunology
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Traps/immunology
- Extracellular Traps/metabolism
- Female
- Healthy Volunteers
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/immunology
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/genetics
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/immunology
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Synovial Fluid/chemistry
- Synovial Fluid/cytology
- Synovial Fluid/immunology
- Zymosan/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirit Mor-Vaknin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Anjan Saha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Maureen Legendre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - M Asif Amin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Bradley J. Rabquer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Marta J. Gonzales-Hernandez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Julie Jorns
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Smriti Mohan
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Srilakshmi Yalavarthi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dave A. Pai
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kristine Angevine
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Shelley J. Almburg
- Microscopy & Image – Analysis Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Deceased
| | - Jason S. Knight
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Barbara S. Adams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Alisa E. Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- VA Medical Service, Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
| | - David A. Fox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - David R. Engelke
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - David M. Markovitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Programs in Immunology, Cellular & Molecular Biology, and Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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13
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Zhang J, Han B, Li X, Bies J, Jiang P, Koller RP, Wolff L. Distal regulation of c-myb expression during IL-6-induced differentiation in murine myeloid progenitor M1 cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2364. [PMID: 27607579 PMCID: PMC5059869 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The c-Myb transcription factor is a major regulator that controls differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, which is frequently deregulated in hematological diseases, such as lymphoma and leukemia. Understanding of the mechanisms regulating the transcription of c-myb gene is challenging as it lacks a typical promoter and multiple factors are involved. Our previous studies identified some distal regulatory elements in the upstream regions of c-myb gene in murine myeloid progenitor M1 cells, but the detailed mechanisms still remain unclear. In the present study, we found that a cell differentiation-related DNase1 hypersensitive site is located at a -28k region upstream of c-myb gene and that transcription factors Hoxa9, Meis1 and PU.1 bind to the -28k region. Circular chromosome conformation capture (4C) assay confirmed the interaction between the -28k region and the c-myb promoter, which is supported by the enrichment of CTCF and Cohesin. Our analysis also points to a critical role for Hoxa9 and PU.1 in distal regulation of c-myb expression in murine myeloid cells and cell differentiation. Overexpression of Hoxa9 disrupted the IL-6-induced differentiation of M1 cells and upregulated c-myb expression through binding of the -28k region. Taken together, our results provide an evidence for critical role of the -28k region in distal regulatory mechanism for c-myb gene expression during differentiation of myeloid progenitor M1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, No.999 Huchenghuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bingshe Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, No.999 Huchenghuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, No.999 Huchenghuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Juraj Bies
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Penglei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, No.999 Huchenghuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Richard P Koller
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Linda Wolff
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Hwang SS, Kim LK, Lee GR, Flavell RA. Role of OCT-1 and partner proteins in T cell differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1859:825-31. [PMID: 27126747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of CD4 T cell differentiation gives important insights into the control of immune responses against various pathogens and in autoimmune diseases. Naïve CD4 T cells become effector T cells in response to antigen stimulation in combination with various environmental cytokine stimuli. Several transcription factors and cis-regulatory regions have been identified to regulate epigenetic processes on chromatin, to allow the production of proper effector cytokines during CD4 T cell differentiation. OCT-1 (Pou2f1) is well known as a widely expressed transcription factor in most tissues and cells. Although the importance of OCT-1 has been emphasized during development and differentiation, its detailed molecular underpinning and precise role are poorly understood. Recently, a series of studies have reported that OCT-1 plays a critical role in CD4 T cells through regulating gene expression during differentiation and mediating long-range chromosomal interactions. In this review, we will describe the role of OCT-1 in CD4 T cell differentiation and discuss how this factor orchestrates the fate and function of CD4 effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Seok Hwang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lark Kyun Kim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-720, South Korea
| | - Gap Ryol Lee
- Department of Life-Science, Sogang University, Baekbeom-ro, Seoul 121-742, South Korea
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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15
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Perosa F, Favoino E, Favia IE, Vettori S, Prete M, Corrado A, Cantatore FP, Valentini G. Subspecificities of anticentromeric protein A antibodies identify systemic sclerosis patients at higher risk of pulmonary vascular disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3931. [PMID: 27336883 PMCID: PMC4998321 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) who express autoantibodies to centromeric proteins (CENPs) are at risk of developing pulmonary vascular disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension without fibrosis. Currently no biomarkers are available to predict these complications. We previously characterized the fine specificity of anti-CENP-A antibodies in SSc by screening a phage display library (expressing random 12-mer peptides), and identified phage clones whose peptides were differentially recognized by patients' autoantibodies. Here, we examined if subgroups of SSc patients with different anti-CENP-A antibody subspecificities also differ clinically, and if serum reactivity to phage-displayed peptides can predict pulmonary vascular disease.Clinical data and serum samples were collected from 84 anti-CENP-A-positive SSc patients. Indirect ELISAs were used to test serum reactivity. Pulmonary vascular disease was defined as high systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) and low diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO; percent of predicted values).Sera were screened for reactivity to peptides expressed by phage clones pc4.2 and pc14.1, confirming our earlier observation of differential specificities. Linear regression showed that the levels of antibodies specific for the 2 phage clones were associated with clinical features of pulmonary vascular disease, but in opposite ways: anti-pc4.2 antibodies were positively associated with sPAP and inversely associated with DLCO, whereas anti-pc14.1 antibodies were inversely associated with sPAP and positively associated with DLCO. Anti-pc4.2 and anti-pc14.1 antibody levels predicted sPAP independently of DLCO. These associations were confirmed by logistic regression using antibodies as predictors and dichotomized sPAP (cutoff, 45 mm Hg) as outcome. The ratio of the 2 antibody levels was a useful marker in predicting high sPAP.This study demonstrates that some SSc clinical features associate with subspecificities of anti-CENP-A antibodies. Moreover, it shows that a simple, inexpensive phage-based assay can predict which SSc patients have high sPAP and low DLCO, hence who are at greater risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension. The ability to identify these at-risk patients can contribute to clinical efficiency and effectiveness. Further research into the peptides expressed by the phage clones may reveal the molecular mechanisms that put some anti-CENP-A-positive patients at greater risk than others for pulmonary vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Perosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Systemic Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari
| | - Elvira Favoino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Systemic Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari
| | - Isabella Eleonora Favia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Systemic Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari
| | - Serena Vettori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine “F. Magrassi, A.Lanzara”-Rheumatology Section, Second University of Naples, Naples
| | - Marcella Prete
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Systemic Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases Unit, University of Bari Medical School, Bari
| | - Addolorata Corrado
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Valentini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine “F. Magrassi, A.Lanzara”-Rheumatology Section, Second University of Naples, Naples
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16
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Wang H, Zhao R, Zhou M, Guo C, Liu Y, Jiang S, Li X, Xiong W, Ma J, Peng S, Li X, Schmitt DC, Tan M, Li G. Preparation of polyclonal antibody highly specific for mouse BRD7 protein and its application. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:163-6. [PMID: 24323531 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heran Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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17
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Coppo P, Henry-Dessailly I, Rochette J, Lok C, Buendia B, Lassoued K. Clinical significance of autoantibodies to the pericentromeric heterochromatin protein 1a protein. Eur J Intern Med 2013; 24:868-71. [PMID: 24184038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to determine the frequency and the clinical significance of autoantibodies to the pericentromeric heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1). So far this antinuclear antibody specificity has been mainly reported in patients with the CREST syndrome. METHODS We screened the sera of 199 individuals, including patients suffering from various autoimmune disorders (Group I, n=145) and non autoimmune diseases (Group II, n=44 patients) as well as healthy individuals (Group III, n=30). The sera were systematically tested by Western blot and ELISA using a GST-HP1α fusion protein as an antigen. RESULTS Anti-HP1 antibodies were detected in 32% of patients in Group I, 11.3% in Group II and 3.3% of individuals in Group III. They could be detected in sera containing or not antinuclear antibodies detectable by indirect immunofluorescence. Anti-HP1 antibodies were mostly associated with the CREST and Sjogren's syndromes (70% and 44.4%, respectively). They could also be detected in 22.2% of patients suffering from various other autoimmune diseases. However, their negative predictive value was 94% in the CREST syndrome. CONCLUSION Anti-HP1 autoantibodies are associated with a large spectrum of disorders. However, they have a diagnostic value in the CREST syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Coppo
- Département d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre de Référence des Microangiopathies thrombotiques, France; Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France; Unité Inserm U1009, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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18
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Seitan VC, Krangel MS, Merkenschlager M. Cohesin, CTCF and lymphocyte antigen receptor locus rearrangement. Trends Immunol 2012; 33:153-9. [PMID: 22440186 PMCID: PMC3352889 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The somatic recombination of lymphocyte antigen receptor loci is integral to lymphocyte differentiation and adaptive immunity. Here we review the relation of this highly choreographed process with the zinc finger protein CTCF and with cohesin, a protein complex best known for its essential functions in post-replicative DNA repair and chromosome segregation during the cell cycle. At lymphocyte antigen receptor loci, CTCF and cohesin shape long-range interactions and contribute to V(D)J recombination by facilitating lineage- and developmental-stage-specific transcription and accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad C Seitan
- Lymphocyte Development Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Michael S Krangel
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham NC, USA
| | - Matthias Merkenschlager
- Lymphocyte Development Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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19
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Mor-Vaknin N, Kappes F, Dick AE, Legendre M, Damoc C, Teitz-Tennenbaum S, Kwok R, Ferrando-May E, Adams BS, Markovitz DM. DEK in the synovium of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: characterization of DEK antibodies and posttranslational modification of the DEK autoantigen. Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63:556-67. [PMID: 21280010 PMCID: PMC3117121 DOI: 10.1002/art.30138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DEK is a nuclear phosphoprotein and autoantigen in a subset of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Autoantibodies to DEK are also found in a broad spectrum of disorders associated with abnormal immune activation. We previously demonstrated that DEK is secreted by macrophages, is released by apoptotic T cells, and attracts leukocytes. Since DEK has been identified in the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with JIA, this study was undertaken to investigate how DEK protein and/or autoantibodies may contribute to the pathogenesis of JIA. METHODS DEK autoantibodies, immune complexes (ICs), and synovial macrophages were purified from the SF of patients with JIA. DEK autoantibodies and ICs were purified by affinity-column chromatography and analyzed by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DEK in supernatants and exosomes was purified by serial centrifugation and immunoprecipitation with magnetic beads, and posttranslational modifications of DEK were identified by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS). RESULTS DEK autoantibodies and protein were found in the SF of patients with JIA. Secretion of DEK by synovial macrophages was observed both in a free form and via exosomes. DEK autoantibodies (IgG2) may activate the complement cascade, primarily recognize the C-terminal portion of DEK protein, and exhibit higher affinity for acetylated DEK. Consistent with these observations, DEK underwent acetylation on an unprecedented number of lysine residues, as demonstrated by nano-LC-MS/MS. CONCLUSION These results indicate that DEK can contribute directly to joint inflammation in JIA by generating ICs through high-affinity interaction between DEK and DEK autoantibodies, a process enhanced by acetylation of DEK in the inflamed joint.
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20
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Aref'eva AS, Dyban PA, Krasil'shchikova MS, Dobrucki JW, Zatsepina OV. [Localization and composition of renal immunodeposits in mice developing HgCl2-induced autoimmune process]. Tsitologiia 2010; 52:477-486. [PMID: 20737906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of systemic autoimmune diseases along with appearance of autoantibodies targeting self-antigenes is deposition of immunoglobulins and components of the complement system in kidneys. However, mechanisms of the deposit formation and their cytotoxic effects still remain poorly studied. To elucidate these questions, we used SJL/J mice which are known to develop autoimmune process accompanied by the appearance of anti-fibrillarin antibodies following regular administrations of sublethal dozes of HgCl2. Using antibodies to the total murine ummunoglobulins we showed that immunodeposits were present in glomeruli of autoimmune and control (not-autoimmune) animals, but their intensity was directly correlated with the titer of anti-fibrillarin autoantibodies and was minimal in control mice. By confocal microscopy and conventional fluorescence microscopy it was defined that immunodeposits deeply penetrate glomeruli and are the most likely located within mesangial cells. In autoimmune animals, ummunoglobulins completely colocolized with the C3--component of complement, but not with the major autoantigen--the protein fibrillarin. We failed to determine the signs of cell proliferation or death in glomeruli. The most prominent difference between control and autoimmune mice was the presence if immunodeposits in renal blood vessels. These observations argue in favor of the idea that destructive and disfunctional renal lesions accompanying development of autoimmune diseases can be caused, in part, by accumulation of immunodeposits in blood vessels.
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21
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Sekimata M, Pérez-Melgosa M, Miller SA, Weinmann AS, Sabo PJ, Sandstrom R, Dorschner MO, Stamatoyannopoulos JA, Wilson CB. CCCTC-binding factor and the transcription factor T-bet orchestrate T helper 1 cell-specific structure and function at the interferon-gamma locus. Immunity 2009; 31:551-64. [PMID: 19818655 PMCID: PMC2810421 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
How cell type-specific differences in chromatin conformation are achieved and their contribution to gene expression are incompletely understood. Here we identify a cryptic upstream orchestrator of interferon-gamma (IFNG) transcription, which is embedded within the human IL26 gene, compromised of a single CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding site and retained in all mammals, even surviving near-complete evolutionary deletion of the equivalent gene encoding IL-26 in rodents. CTCF and cohesins occupy this element in vivo in a cell type-nonspecific manner. This element is juxtaposed to two other sites located within the first intron and downstream of Ifng, where CTCF, cohesins, and the transcription factor T-bet bind in a T helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific manner. These interactions, close proximity of other elements within the locus to each other and to the gene encoding interferon-gamma, and robust murine Ifng expression are dependent on CTCF and T-bet. The results demonstrate that cooperation between architectural (CTCF) and transcriptional enhancing (T-bet) factors and the elements to which they bind is required for proper Th1 cell-specific expression of Ifng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Sekimata
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Mercedes Pérez-Melgosa
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Sara A. Miller
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Amy S. Weinmann
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Peter J. Sabo
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Richard Sandstrom
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Michael O. Dorschner
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - John A. Stamatoyannopoulos
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
| | - Christopher B. Wilson
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA, 98195 USA
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22
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23
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Takahashi TS, Basu A, Bermudez V, Hurwitz J, Walter JC. Cdc7-Drf1 kinase links chromosome cohesion to the initiation of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts. Genes Dev 2008; 22:1894-905. [PMID: 18628396 PMCID: PMC2492736 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1683308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To establish functional cohesion between replicated sister chromatids, cohesin is recruited to chromatin before S phase. Cohesin is loaded onto chromosomes in the G1 phase by the Scc2-Scc4 complex, but little is known about how Scc2-Scc4 itself is recruited to chromatin. Using Xenopus egg extracts as a vertebrate model system, we showed previously that the chromatin association of Scc2 and cohesin is dependent on the prior establishment of prereplication complexes (pre-RCs) at origins of replication. Here, we report that Scc2-Scc4 exists in a stable complex with the Cdc7-Drf1 protein kinase (DDK), which is known to bind pre-RCs and activate them for DNA replication. Immunodepletion of DDK from Xenopus egg extracts impairs chromatin association of Scc2-Scc4, a defect that is reversed by wild-type, but not catalytically inactive DDK. A complex of Scc4 and the N terminus of Scc2 is sufficient for chromatin loading of Scc2-Scc4, but not for cohesin recruitment. These results show that DDK is required to tether Scc2-Scc4 to pre-RCs, and they underscore the intimate link between early steps in DNA replication and cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro S. Takahashi
- Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Abhijit Basu
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Vladimir Bermudez
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jerard Hurwitz
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Johannes C. Walter
- Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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24
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Kappes F, Fahrer J, Khodadoust MS, Tabbert A, Strasser C, Mor-Vaknin N, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bürkle A, Markovitz DM, Ferrando-May E. DEK is a poly(ADP-ribose) acceptor in apoptosis and mediates resistance to genotoxic stress. Mol Cell Biol 2008; 28:3245-57. [PMID: 18332104 PMCID: PMC2423161 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01921-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
DEK is a nuclear phosphoprotein implicated in oncogenesis and autoimmunity and a major component of metazoan chromatin. The intracellular cues that control the binding of DEK to DNA and its pleiotropic functions in DNA- and RNA-dependent processes have remained mainly elusive so far. Our recent finding that the phosphorylation status of DEK is altered during death receptor-mediated apoptosis suggested a potential involvement of DEK in stress signaling. In this study, we show that in cells committed to die, a portion of the cellular DEK pool is extensively posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Through interference with DEK expression, we further show that DEK promotes the repair of DNA lesions and protects cells from genotoxic agents that typically trigger poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. The posttranslational modification of DEK during apoptosis is accompanied by the removal of the protein from chromatin and its release into the extracellular space. Released modified DEK is recognized by autoantibodies present in the synovial fluids of patients affected by juvenile rheumatoid arthritis/juvenile idiopathic arthritis. These findings point to a crucial role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in shaping DEK's autoantigenic properties and in its function as a promoter of cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kappes
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Box X911, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Akbarali Y, Matousek-Ronck J, Hunt L, Staudt L, Reichlin M, Guthridge JM, James JA. Fine specificity mapping of autoantigens targeted by anti-centromere autoantibodies. J Autoimmun 2007; 27:272-80. [PMID: 17210244 PMCID: PMC1906738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2006.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to centromeric proteins are commonly found in sera of limited scleroderma and other rheumatic disease patients. To better understand the inciting events and possible pathogenic mechanisms of these autoimmune responses, this study identified the common antigenic targets of CENP-A in scleroderma patient sera. Utilizing samples from 263 anti-centromere immunofluorescence positive patients, 93.5% were found to have anti-CENP-A reactivity and 95.4% had anti-CENP-B reactivity by ELISA. Very few patient samples exclusively targeted CENP-A (2.7%) or CENP-B (4.2%). Select patient sera were tested for reactivity with solid phase overlapping decapeptides of CENP-A. Four distinct epitopes of CENP-A were identified. Epitopes 2 and 3 were confirmed by additional testing of 263 patient sera by ELISA for reactivity with these sequences constructed as multiple antigenic peptides. Inhibition CENP-A Western blots also confirmed the specificity of these humoral peptide immune responses in a subset of patient sera. The first three arginine residues (aa 4-6) of CENP-A appear essential for antibody recognition, as replacing these arginines with glycine residues reduced antibody binding to the expressed CENP-A protein by an average of 93.2% (range 80-100%). In selected patients with serial samples spanning nearly a decade, humoral epitope binding patterns were quite stable and showed no epitope spreading over time. This epitope mapping study identifies key antigenic targets of the anti-centromere response and establishes that the majority of the responses depend on key amino-terminal residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Akbarali
- Arthritis and Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Kelly AE, Sampath SC, Maniar TA, Woo EM, Chait BT, Funabiki H. Chromosomal enrichment and activation of the aurora B pathway are coupled to spatially regulate spindle assembly. Dev Cell 2007; 12:31-43. [PMID: 17199039 PMCID: PMC1892535 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2006] [Revised: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin-induced spindle assembly depends on regulation of microtubule-depolymerizing proteins by the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), consisting of Incenp, Survivin, Dasra (Borealin), and the kinase Aurora B, but the mechanism and significance of the spatial regulation of Aurora B activity remain unclear. Here, we show that the Aurora B pathway is suppressed in the cytoplasm of Xenopus egg extract by phosphatases, but that it becomes activated by chromatin via a Ran-independent mechanism. While spindle microtubule assembly normally requires Dasra-dependent chromatin binding of the CPC, this function of Dasra can be bypassed by clustering Aurora B-Incenp by using anti-Incenp antibodies, which stimulate autoactivation among bound complexes. However, such chromatin-independent Aurora B pathway activation promotes centrosomal microtubule assembly and produces aberrant achromosomal spindle-like structures. We propose that chromosomal enrichment of the CPC results in local kinase autoactivation, a mechanism that contributes to the spatial regulation of spindle assembly and possibly to other mitotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Kelly
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Srinath C. Sampath
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Tapan A. Maniar
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Eileen M. Woo
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Gaseous Ion Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Brian T. Chait
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Gaseous Ion Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Hironori Funabiki
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 USA
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Watrin E, Schleiffer A, Tanaka K, Eisenhaber F, Nasmyth K, Peters JM. Human Scc4 is required for cohesin binding to chromatin, sister-chromatid cohesion, and mitotic progression. Curr Biol 2006; 16:863-74. [PMID: 16682347 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sister-chromatid cohesion depends on the cohesin complex whose association with chromatin is mediated by Scc2 and Scc4 in budding yeast. Both cohesin and Scc2 have been conserved from yeast to humans, but no Scc4 orthologs have been identified. Mutation of Scc2 orthologs causes defects in cohesion, transcription, and development, resulting in Cornelia de Lange syndrome in humans. RESULTS We have identified a family of tetratricopeptide repeat proteins that share weak sequence similarities with yeast Scc4. This family includes MAU-2, which is required for development of the nervous system in Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that the human member of this family is associated with Scc2, is bound to chromatin from telophase until prophase, and is required for association of cohesin with chromatin during interphase. Cells lacking Scc4 lose sister-chromatid cohesion precociously and arrest in prometaphase. Mitotic chromosomes in Scc4-depleted cells lack cohesin, even though the cohesin-protecting proteins Sgo1 and Bub1 are normally enriched at centromeres and separase does not seem to be active. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that human Scc4 is required for the association of cohesin with chromatin, which is a prerequisite for the establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion and for chromosome biorientation in mitosis. The proteinaceous machinery that is required for loading of cohesin onto chromatin is therefore conserved from yeast to humans. The finding that Caenorhabditis elegans MAU-2 is an ortholog of Scc4 further supports the notion that the Scc2-Scc4 complex is required for developmental processes in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Watrin
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (I.M.P.), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Gelber AC, Pillemer SR, Baum BJ, Wigley FM, Hummers LK, Morris S, Rosen A, Casciola-Rosen L. Distinct recognition of antibodies to centromere proteins in primary Sjogren's syndrome compared with limited scleroderma. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65:1028-32. [PMID: 16414973 PMCID: PMC1798261 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.046003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticentromere antibodies are characteristically observed in scleroderma but have recently been reported in other autoimmune rheumatic disorders, including Sjögren's syndrome. It is not known whether distinct centromere proteins (CENP) are targeted in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and scleroderma. OBJECTIVE To determine whether antibodies to CENP-B and CENP-C are present in these two disorders. METHODS Sera from 45 patients with pSS and 33 with limited scleroderma were studied. All patients met classification criteria for pSS and scleroderma, respectively. Sera were used to immunoprecipitate in vitro translated CENP-B and CENP-C. The proportions recognising CENP-B or CENP-C were compared. RESULTS 10 of 45 patients (22%) with pSS and 18 of 33 (55%) with scleroderma had antibodies recognising CENPs (p = 0.004). Seven of 10 (70%) CENP positive patients with pSS recognised CENP-C alone, compared with one of 18 (6%) CENP positive patients with scleroderma (odds ratio (OR) = 40 (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.5 to 450) (p = 0.003). In contrast, the majority (15 of 18 (83%)) of CENP positive scleroderma sera recognised both CENP-B and CENP-C, compared with none of 10 pSS sera (OR = 93 (95% CI, 4.4 to 1979) (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The pattern of CENP recognition differs markedly in pSS and limited scleroderma. While patients with pSS predominantly recognise CENP-C alone, dual recognition of CENP-B and CENP-C is most frequent in scleroderma. These findings suggest that obtaining antibodies to specific centromere antigens is useful diagnostically, and imply that distinct mechanisms underlie the unique patterns of centromere autoreactivity in pSS and scleroderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gelber
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Room 407, Baltimore MD 21224, USA.
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29
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Higashi T, Miyakawa S, Uchiyama S, Matsunaga S, Takata H, Fujimoto S, Noda M, Terauchi A, Shimizu T, Oda M, Azuma T, Fukui K. Generation of monoclonal antibodies against chromosomal antigens that have a high sequence similarity between human and mouse. J Biotechnol 2005; 120:262-72. [PMID: 16171883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Revised: 06/07/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We raised monoclonal antibodies by immunizing mice with total chromosome proteins extracted from isolated human metaphase chromosomes. The indirect immunofluorescence screening of hybridoma cell lines provided 15 monoclonal antibodies against the chromosomal antigens. The antigen proteins of the mAbs were identified by immunoblotting as core histones or by immunoprecipitation followed by a peptide mass fingerprinting method as nuclear mitotic apparatus protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1, ribosomal protein S4, linker histone and beta-actin. During mitosis, localizations of these proteins on chromosomes were clearly observed using the obtained antibodies. These results indicate that the current strategy is effective for obtaining monoclonal antibodies useful for immunoblotting and/or immunofluorescent staining of human proteins, using the antigens with high homology to mouse proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehito Higashi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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30
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Maloney MS, McDaniel WS, Locknar SA, Torlina HM. Identification and localization of a protein immunologically related to Caltractin (Centrin) in the Myonemes and Membranelles of the Heterotrich ciliate Stentor coeruleus. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2005; 52:328-38. [PMID: 16014010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00048x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The contractile properties of the myonemes of Stentor are very similar to caltractin (centrin)-containing fibers of other organisms. We investigated whether the calcium-binding protein caltractin was present in Stentor by using three different antibodies to caltractin or caltractin-related proteins, in conjunction with immunofluorescence microscopy and protein blotting. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that a protein immunologically similar to caltractin is present in the myonemes and in the bases of the membranelles of Stentor. The localization to the myonemes is observed in intact cells, osmotically lysed cells, and isolated cortices. Double-label immunofluorescence with anti-alpha-tubulin and anti-caltractin antibodies showed that the fluorescence in the myonemes was not in the overlying Km fibers. The myonemes in the posterior one-third of the cell appear as thick fibers with no cross-bridging. They become thinner as they approach the anterior end of the cell and show extensive cross-bridging here. Staining in the bases of the membranelles shows a distinct comma-like immunofluorescence pattern similar to that seen with protargol-stained cells and SEM views of the membranellar band reported by others. Western blots demonstrated that the caltractin-like protein in Stentor has an apparent molecular weight of 23 kDa compared with the 20-kDa protein from Chlamydomonas and is a calcium-binding protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Maloney
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
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31
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Bencimon C, Salles G, Moreira A, Guyomard S, Coiffier B, Bienvenu J, Fabien N. Prevalence of anticentromere F protein autoantibodies in 347 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1050:319-26. [PMID: 16014548 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1313.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An association between autoimmunity and hematological malignancies has been reported including the detection of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANAs) in patients suffering from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), with a high prevalence of ANAs directed to components of the mitotic apparatus or the mitosis-associated proteins. Previous studies have demonstrated that one of the targets of such ANAs could be the CENP-F protein, especially in some carcinomas. The prevalence and specificity of anti-CENP-F autoantibodies (aAbs) thus were analyzed in 347 patients with different histological subgroups of NHL before any treatment of NHL, along with 150 controls. The detection of these aAbs was performed using two techniques: a radioimmunological assay (RIA) and an indirect immunofluorescence technique (IIF). Twenty-five (7.2%) NHL patients and 2 (1.3%) control patients displayed anti-CENP-F aAbs using RIA. This difference between the two groups was found to be significant (P < 0.01), with a higher prevalence of aAbs in the follicular (13%) and in the marginal zone B and MALT (10.2%) lymphoma subgroups. By IIF, 10 (2.9%) patients with NHL displayed aAbs with a CENP-F or CENP-F-like pattern, whereas none of the control group did. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that a significant incidence of anti-CENP-F aAbs is observed, before any treatment, in some histological subgroups of NHL patients. In addition to the usefulness of anti-CENP-F aAbs as a marker for some NHL subgroups, prospective studies may be important to evaluate the predictive value of anti-CENP-F aAbs for the development of carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Bencimon
- Laboratoire d'Auto-Immunité, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud (Hospices Civils de Lyon), Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite cedex, France
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Yagi Y, Ip YT. Helicase89B is a Mot1p/BTAF1 homologue that mediates an antimicrobial response in Drosophila. EMBO Rep 2005; 6:1088-94. [PMID: 16200050 PMCID: PMC1371033 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Revised: 08/11/2005] [Accepted: 08/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a novel component, Helicase89B, that is required for the inducible antimicrobial response in Drosophila larvae by means of a P-element insertional genetic screen. Helicase89B belongs to the Mot1p/BTAF1 subfamily of SNF2-like ATPases. This subfamily can interact with TATA-binding proteins, but whether the interaction leads to gene activation or repression is being debated. We found that Helicase89B is required for the inducible expression of antimicrobial peptide genes but not for the inducible expression of heat-shock genes. The antimicrobial peptide genes are activated by the Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) signalling pathways. Genetic experiments show that Helicase89B acts downstream of DIF and Relish, the two nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-related transcription factors that mediate Toll- and IMD-stimulated antimicrobial response. Thus, Helicase89B positively regulates gene expression during innate immune response and may act as a link between NF-kappaB-related transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Yagi
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Y Tony Ip
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
- Tel: +1 508 856 5136; Fax: +1 508 856 4289; E-mail:
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Perry J, White SM, Nouri S, Bain SM, Hutchinson RG, La P, Northrop E, Eyre HJ, Pertile MD, Hocking TA, Thompson EM, Yu S, Choo KHA, Slater HR. Unstable Robertsonian translocations der(13;15)(q10;q10): heritable chromosome fission without phenotypic effect in two kindreds. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 136:25-30. [PMID: 15889410 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Robertsonian translocations (RTs) are amongst the most common chromosome abnormalities, but being essentially balanced are not usually associated with phenotypic abnormality. Despite being dicentric, RTs are almost always transmitted stably through cell division without chromosome breakage. We have investigated spontaneous fission of der(13;15)(q10;q10) chromosomes in eight individuals from two unrelated kindreds with a view to assessing clinical significance and to seek an explanation for the peculiar heritable instability displayed by these chromosomes. In Family 1, fission products were observed in five members in three generations. The instability was observed in cells derived from chorionic villus and lymphocytes. In Family 2, the same phenomenon was observed in amniocytes from two separate pregnancies and maternal blood lymphocytes. Detailed FISH analysis of these RTs showed them to be dicentric with an unremarkable pericentromeric structure. Notably, combined immunofluoresence and FISH analysis showed the presence of the centromere-specific proteins CENP-A and CENP-E, consistent with functional dicentricity in >75% of cells analyzed. The fission products are, therefore, presumed to be the result of sporadic, bipolar kinetochore attachment, anaphase bridging with resultant inter-centromeric breakage in a small proportion of mitoses. None of the eight carriers shows phenotypic abnormality and therefore, for prenatal counseling purposes, there appears to be no increased specific risk associated with this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Perry
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Genetic Health Services Victoria, Victoria, Australia
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Damoiseaux J, Boesten K, Giesen J, Austen J, Tervaert JWC. Evaluation of a Novel Line-Blot Immunoassay for the Detection of Antibodies to Extractable Nuclear Antigens. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1050:340-7. [PMID: 16014550 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1313.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated the performance of a novel line-blot immunoassay (LIA; Mikrogen) and compared results with those obtained by CIE (in-house), ELISA (Pharmacia Diagnostics), and FEIA (Pharmacia Diagnostics). Sera from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients (n = 123), systemic sclerosis patients (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 40) were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to RNP, Sm, SSA, SSB, CENP-B, Scl-70, and Jo-1. Reading of LIA results, as compared with a cutoff control, was performed by automatic analysis of the test strips. Because LIA enables recognition of separate subunits of RNP (68, A, and C), Sm (B and D), and SSA (52 and 60), at least two of the RNP antigens and either one of the Sm or SSA antigens should be detected for considering the test RNP, Sm, or SSA-positive, respectively. LIA had the highest sensitivity in patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases: 131 specificities (not PO, PCNA, or histones), as compared with ELISA (121), FEIA (119), and CIE (80). However, LIA revealed three positive reactions in healthy controls; other assays were completely negative. LIA is better than CIE, but similar to ELISA and FEIA, in terms of detecting systemic sclerosis-associated antibodies (CENP-B and Scl-70). Furthermore, LIA had the highest sensitivity (17.9%) for the SLE-specific anti-Sm antibodies, as compared with ELISA (11.4%), CIE (8.1%), and FEIA (5.7%). Finally, anti-SSA antibodies were far more prevalent by LIA in the systemic sclerosis samples because of anti-SSA52 reactivity. The clinical relevance of the latter finding remains to be determined. In conclusion, LIA is suitable for routine evaluation of autoantibodies to extractable nuclear antigens.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/analysis
- Antigens, Nuclear/immunology
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Case-Control Studies
- Centromere Protein B
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/immunology
- Connective Tissue Diseases/diagnosis
- Connective Tissue Diseases/immunology
- Counterimmunoelectrophoresis
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type I
- DNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Evaluation Studies as Topic
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Humans
- Immunoassay
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Nuclear Proteins/immunology
- Ribonucleoproteins/immunology
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear/immunology
- Scleroderma, Systemic/diagnosis
- Scleroderma, Systemic/immunology
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- snRNP Core Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- J Damoiseaux
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Maastricht, P. O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Abstract
Centrins are ubiquitous cytoskeletal proteins that are generally associated with the centrosome and form large cytoskeletal networks in protists. To obtain more data on the respective role of different centrin proteins, we studied their distribution and behavior in one ciliate species, Paraurostyla weissei, using specific antibodies. In this species, only two major proteins of 21 and 24 kDa corresponding to centrins, were identified by 1D and 2D electrophoresis. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that these two proteins displayed non-overlapping localization in the interphase cell and during morphogenesis. Both centrin proteins localize on the fibrous network linking the oral basal bodies in the interphase cell and in the form of marginal dots, which correspond to the proximal ends of the striated rootlets; the 21 kDa centrin was also detected within the basal bodies, whereas the 24 kDa centrin allowed identifying new structures, the frontal dashes. During morphogenesis, the 21 kDa centrin locates at the basal bodies, while the 24 kDa centrin is detected along the striated rootlets and in close association with the basal bodies pairs. These data are discussed in terms of the potential roles of the two centrins in different cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Lemullois
- Biologie Cellulaire 4, Bâtiment 444, Université Paris XI, 91 405 Orsay, France.
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Hsu TC, Chang CH, Lin MC, Liu ST, Yen TJ, Tsay GJ. Anti-CENP-H antibodies in patients with Sjogren's syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2005; 26:298-303. [PMID: 15700116 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-004-0568-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 11/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anti-centromere antibody (ACA) has been reported to be associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and the clinical significance of anti-CENP-H antibody remains unknown. To determine the clinical significance of anti-CENP-H and anti-centromere antibodies in primary SS, sera from 62 patients with primary SS and 40 normal controls were examined for anti-SS-A/SS-B antibodies, ACA and anti-CENP-H antibodies, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), respectively. Of the 62 serum samples with primary SS, 17 were positive with ACA and anti-CENP-H antibodies. Sera from SS patients with anti-CENP-H and ACA antibodies do not contain anti-SS-A/Ro and/or anti-SS-B/La antibodies. No anti-CENP-H antibody was found in sera of normal controls. An increased frequency of ACA and anti-CENP-H antibodies was found for the first time in patients with SS. Anti-CENP-H antibodies and anti-SS-A/Ro or anti-SS-B/La antibodies are present mutually exclusive. Patients with anti-CENP-H antibodies had a lower frequency of rheumatoid factor (RF). SS can be subdivided serologically into two groups; group one with anti-SS-A/Ro and/or anti-SS-B/La antibody, group two with ACA and/or anti-CENP-H antibodies. We recommend that ACA or anti-CENP-H antibodies should be considered as one of the serological markers for SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Ching Hsu
- Department of Medicine and Institute of Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, 110 Sec.1, Chien Kuo N. Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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37
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Atalay C, Atalay G, Yilmaz KB, Altinok M. The role of anti-CENP-B and anti-SS-B antibodies in breast cancer. Neoplasma 2005; 52:32-5. [PMID: 15739023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
A close relationship between autoimmunity and malignant diseases has been supposed for a long time. In clinical practice, anti-SS-B and anti-CENP-B antibodies are used as serologic markers for autoimmune diseases. In this study, anti-SS-B and anti-CENP-B autoantibodies were studied in breast cancer patients and compared to a control group surgically treated due to benign diseases. These antibodies were evaluated by enzyme linked immunoassay and serum values >10 U/ml were accepted as positive. Fifty-five patients with breast cancer and 25 patients with benign diseases were prospectively included in the study. In the breast cancer group, both anti-CENP-B (33% vs. 8%) and anti-SS-B (44% vs. 24%) autoantibodies had higher positivity compared to the control group, but this difference reached statistical significance only for anti-CENP-B antibodies (p=0.02). Besides, anti-SS-B positivity was detected more frequently in breast cancer patients with axillary involvement (63% vs. 24%) (p=0.006) and increased as the number of involved lymph nodes increased in the axilla (p=0.03). Although the clinical significance of autoantibody detection in cancer patients is still not clear, autoantibodies especially detected in individuals without proven autoimmune diseases needs to be thoroughly evaluated for early diagnosis and treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Atalay
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Oncology Teaching and Research Hospital, Demetevler, 06200 Ankara, Turkey.
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Buglia GL, Ferraro M. Germline cyst development and imprinting in male mealybug Planococcus citri. Chromosoma 2004; 113:284-94. [PMID: 15503092 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-004-0317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Revised: 08/27/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the epigenetic modifications involved in the phenomenon of imprinting, which is thought to take place during gametogenesis, one of the primary roles is exerted by histone tail modifications acting on chromatin structure. What is more, in insects like mealybugs, with a lecanoid chromosome system, imprinting is strictly related to sex determination. In many diverse species gametes originate in specific, highly evolutionarily conserved structures called germline cysts. The use of staining techniques specific for fusomal components like F-actin has allowed us to describe for the first time the morphogenesis of male germline cysts in the mealybug Planococcus citri. Antibodies to anti-methylated lysine 9 of histone H3 (MeLy9-H3) and anti-heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) were used during cyst formation to investigate the involvement of these epigenetic modifications in the phenomenon of imprinting and their possible concerted action in sex determination in P. citri. These observations indicate: (i) a specific role for F-actin in the segregation, typical of the lecanoid chromosome system, of genomes of paternal origin; (ii) that the two vital gametes originating from a given meiosis, although carrying the same genome, differ in the levels of both MeLy9-H3 and HP1, one of them being more heavily labelled by both antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luigi Buglia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Rome La Sapienza, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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García JH, Osuna MD, Castrejon FM, Enriquez LG, Reyes PA, Hermosillo JJC. Methods to detect antifibrillarin antibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc): a comparison. J Clin Lab Anal 2004; 18:19-26. [PMID: 14730553 PMCID: PMC6808019 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against nucleolar antigens are common in systemic sclerosis (SSc). They include autoantibodies against fibrillarin (Fb), which are serological markers for SSc. Fb is associated with the evolutionally-conserved box C/D of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). We compared indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), Western blot (WB), and immunoprecipitation (IPP) of total small RNAs assays to determine which of these techniques is most specific for the detection of snoRNPs. We also examined the frequency and specificity of autoantibodies from SSc patients to snoRNAs, snRNAs, and scRNAs, and concluded that 1) IIF can not determine autoantibody specificity against Fb, 2) 36% of SSc sera were false-negative by WB, and 3) by IPP, anti-Fb autoantibodies from SSc patients can bind U3, U8, U13, U15, and U22 snoRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Huerta García
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Centro de Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Guadalupe, Mexico
| | - Monica Delgado Osuna
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Centro de Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Guadalupe, Mexico
| | - Filiberto Martinez Castrejon
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Centro de Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Guadalupe, Mexico
| | - Laura Guzman Enriquez
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Centro de Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Guadalupe, Mexico
| | - Pedro A. Reyes
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico, D.F
| | - J. Jesus Cortes Hermosillo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Centro de Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Guadalupe, Mexico
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Hickman HD, Luis AD, Buchli R, Few SR, Sathiamurthy M, VanGundy RS, Giberson CF, Hildebrand WH. Toward a definition of self: proteomic evaluation of the class I peptide repertoire. J Immunol 2004; 172:2944-52. [PMID: 14978097 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.5.2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MHC class I molecules present host- and pathogen-derived peptides for immune surveillance. Much attention is given to the search for viral and tumor nonself peptide epitopes, yet the question remains, "What is self?" Analyses of Edman motifs and of small sets of individual peptides suggest that the class I self repertoire consists of thousands of different peptides. However, there exists no systematic characterization of this self-peptide backdrop, causing the definition of class I-presented self to remain largely hypothetical. To better understand the breadth and nature of self proteins sampled by class I HLA, we sequenced >200 endogenously loaded HLA-B*1801 peptides from a human B cell line. Peptide-source proteins, ranging from actin-related protein 6 to zinc finger protein 147, possessed an assortment of biological and molecular functions. Major categories included binding proteins, catalytic proteins, and proteins involved in cell metabolism, growth, and maintenance. Genetically, peptides encoded by all chromosomes were presented. Statistical comparison of proteins presented by class I vs the human proteome provides empiric evidence that the range of proteins sampled by class I is relatively unbiased, with the exception of RNA-binding proteins that are over-represented in the class I peptide repertoire. These data show that, in this cell line, class I-presented self peptides represent a comprehensive and balanced summary of the proteomic content of the cell. Importantly, virus- and tumor-induced changes in virtually any cellular compartment or to any chromosome can be expected to be presented by class I molecules for immune recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D Hickman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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41
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Pillemer SR, Casciola-Rosen L, Baum BJ, Rosen A, Gelber AC. Centromere protein C is a target of autoantibodies in Sjögren's syndrome and is uniformly associated with antibodies to Ro and La. J Rheumatol 2004; 31:1121-5. [PMID: 15170924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine which centromere proteins are recognized in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and whether antibodies recognizing centromere proteins (CENP) B and CENP C identify a specific serologic subset. METHODS Sera from 47 patients with SS, 12 xerostomic controls without SS, and 12 healthy controls were studied. All 47 patients met San Diego criteria for SS. Of these, 45 patients had primary SS and 2 had secondary SS with CREST. Sera were analyzed by immunoprecipitation of [35S] methionine-labeled Ro 52, La, and CENP B and C generated by coupled in vitro transcription/translation. Human salivary gland cells were also lysed and immunoprecipitated to determine antibody status against Ro 60. Serological and clinical profiles of patients recognizing CENP were defined. Proportions of sera recognizing CENP B, CENP C, Ro, or La across the 3 groups were compared using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Twenty-eight of 45 primary SS patients (62%) recognized Ro 52, and 24 patients (53%) recognized La. Ten of these 45 (22%) sera recognized CENP B or C. Furthermore, 7 of these 10 recognized exclusively CENP C; these 7 (100%) all tested positive for antibodies to both Ro 52 and La. This was in contrast to the group of SS patients that did not recognize CENP C alone, in whom anti-Ro 52 antibodies were found in 21 of 38 (55%; p = 0.034), and antibodies to La in 17 (45%; p = 0.01). Five of 7 CENP C positive sera were also positive for Ro 60. One of 3 patients with antibodies to CENP B also had antibodies to Ro 52, while none of these 3 had antibodies to La. Only patients with antibodies to CENP B showed a centromere pattern on immunofluorescence staining. CONCLUSION Antibodies to both CENP B and CENP C occur in SS. In a subset representing 15% of SS patients studied, these anticentromere antibodies recognize exclusively CENP C, and were uniformly associated with antibodies to Ro 52 and La.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley R Pillemer
- National Institute of Health, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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McLaughlin NB, Buhse HE. Localization by indirect immunofluorescence of tetrin, actin, and centrin to the oral apparatus and buccal cavity of the macrostomal form of Tetrahymena vorax. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2004; 51:253-7. [PMID: 15134263 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2004.tb00556.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have taken advantage of the size of the macrostomal oral apparatus of Tetrahymena vorax to investigate the immunofluorescent localization of three cytoskeletal proteins--tetrin, actin, and centrin. Tetrin and actin antibodies co-localize to cross-connectives that anchor the membranelles. These antibodies also recognize the coarse filamentous reticulum, a filament associated with the undulating membrane. Actin-specific localization extends beyond the coarse filamentous reticulum-undulating membrane complex into a region called the specialized cytoplasm. A centrin antibody localizes to the fine filamentous reticulum which, along with microtubules of the oral ribs, circumscribes the cytostomal opening. Models of phagocytic contraction based on these data are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil B McLaughlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7060, USA.
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Steensgaard P, Garrè M, Muradore I, Transidico P, Nigg EA, Kitagawa K, Earnshaw WC, Faretta M, Musacchio A. Sgt1 is required for human kinetochore assembly. EMBO Rep 2004; 5:626-31. [PMID: 15133482 PMCID: PMC1299074 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2004] [Revised: 03/11/2004] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Budding yeast Sgt1 is required for kinetochore assembly, and its homologues have a role in cAMP signalling in fungi and pathogen resistance in plants. The function of mammalian Sgt1 is unknown. We report that RNA interference-mediated depletion of Sgt1 from HeLa cells causes dramatic alterations of the mitotic spindle and problems in chromosome alignment. Cells lacking Sgt1 undergo a mitotic delay due to activation of the spindle checkpoint. The checkpoint response, however, is significantly weakened in Sgt1-depleted cells, and this correlates with a dramatic reduction in kinetochore levels of Mad1, Mad2 and BubR1. These effects are explained by a problem in kinetochore assembly that prevents the localization of Hec1, CENP-E, CENP-F, CENP-I, but not CENP-C, to mitotic kinetochores. Our studies implicate Sgt1 as an essential protein and a critical assembly factor for the mammalian kinetochore, and lend credit to the hypothesis of a kinetochore assembly pathway that is conserved from yeast to man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Steensgaard
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Garrè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Muradore
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Transidico
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Erich A Nigg
- Department of Cell Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Katsumi Kitagawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N Lauderdale Street, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794, USA
| | - William C Earnshaw
- Wellcome Trust Center for Cell Biology, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
| | - Mario Faretta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Musacchio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Tel: +39 02 574 89829; Fax: +39 02 574 89851; E-mail:
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Mellergård J, Havarinasab S, Hultman P. Short- and long-term effects of T-cell modulating agents in experimental autoimmunity. Toxicology 2004; 196:197-209. [PMID: 15036746 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2003.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2003] [Accepted: 10/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the easy and reliable induction of a disease condition with many of the features present in human autoimmunity, mercury-induced autoimmunity (mHgAI) in rodents is a favourable autoimmune model. Genetically susceptible (H-2(s)) mice develop in response to mercury (Hg) a systemic autoimmune condition with antinucleolar antibodies (ANoA) targeting the protein fibrillarin, transient polyclonal B-cell activation, hyperimmunoglobulinemia, and systemic immune-complex (IC) deposits. In order to study the short- and long-term effects of treatment with immunomodulating agents on the disease parameters in HgAI, groups of B10.S (H-2(s)) mice were given 6 mg HgCl(2)/l drinking water for 22 weeks. Three weeks initial treatment with cyclosporin A (CyA), a high dose of tacrolimus (HD tacrolimus), or anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (a-CD4) inhibited induction of ANoA and IC deposit by Hg. This effect persisted for the subsequent 19 weeks when the mice were only treated with Hg. Initial treatment with anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody (a-IL-4) for 3 weeks inhibited induction of IgE and IC deposits by Hg, but not ANoA. However, subsequent treatment with Hg without a-IL-4 for 19 weeks induced IC deposits. The T-cell modulating agents aggravated some of the HgAI disease parameters: a-CD4 stimulated the polyclonal B-cell activation, a-IL-4 increased the IgG antichromatin antibody response, and a low dose of tacrolimus (LD tacrolimus) enhanced the ANoA, the polyclonal B-cell activation, and the IC deposits. We conclude that a short initial treatment with a-CD4 or CyA efficiently protects against induction of systemic autoimmunity for an extended period of time. However, some of the T-cell modulating agents, especially a low dose of tacrolimus, aggravate autoimmune manifestations not only during ongoing treatment, but also after treatment with these agents has ceased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Mellergård
- Division of Molecular and Immunological Pathology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Prieto I, Tease C, Pezzi N, Buesa JM, Ortega S, Kremer L, Martínez A, Martínez-A C, Hultén MA, Barbero JL. Cohesin component dynamics during meiotic prophase I in mammalian oocytes. Chromosome Res 2004; 12:197-213. [PMID: 15125634 DOI: 10.1023/b:chro.0000021945.83198.0e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cohesins are chromosomal proteins that form complexes involved in the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion during division of somatic and germ cells. Three meiosis-specific cohesin subunits have been reported in mammals, REC8, STAG3 and SMC1 beta; their expression in mouse spermatocytes has also been described. Here we studied the localization of different meiotic and mitotic cohesin components during prophase I in human and murine female germ cells. In normal and atretic human fetal oocytes, from leptotene to diplotene stages, REC8 and STAG3 colocalize in fibers. In murine oocytes, SMC1beta, SMC3 and STAG3 are localized along fibers that correspond first to the chromosome axis and then to the synaptonemal complex in pachytene. Mitotic cohesin subunit RAD21 is also found in fibers that decorate the SC during prophase I in mouse oocytes, suggesting a role for this cohesin in mammalian sister chromatid cohesion in female meiosis. We observed that, unlike human oocytes, murine synaptonemal complex protein SYCP3 localizes to nucleoli throughout prophase I stages, and centromeres cluster in discrete locations from leptotene to dictyate. At difference from meiosis in male mice, the cohesin axis is progressively lost during the first week after birth in females with a parallel destruction of the axial elements at dictyate arrest, demonstrating sexual dimorphism in sister chromatid cohesion in meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Prieto
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Ma W, Hou Y, Sun QY, Sun XF, Wang WH. Localization of centromere proteins and their association with chromosomes and microtubules during meiotic maturation in pig oocytes. Reproduction 2003; 126:731-8. [PMID: 14748692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Centromere proteins (CENPs) are required for the attachment of microtubules to chromosomes. However, their structure and mechanism of action are not well understood, especially in mammalian meiosis. The present study was conducted to examine (i). whether a human nuclear centromere autoantibody can be used to localize the CENPs in pig oocytes and (ii). the dynamics of CENPs and their association with microtubules and chromosomes during meiosis in pigs. Oocytes at various stages were double-labelled for CENPs, chromosomes or microtubules and examined by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Quantification of tubulin and CENPs in the oocytes was determined by immunoblotting. CENPs were detected in all oocytes from germinal vesicle (GV) to metaphase II (MII) stages. The changes in the location were associated with chromosome movement and spindle formation. Tubulin was detected in the oocytes from GV to MII stages and no differences in content were observed. Two major CENPs at 80 kDa (CENP-B) and 50 kDa (CENP-D) were also found in the oocytes by the autoantibody and its content was significantly lower in the oocytes at GV stage compared with oocytes at other stages. These results indicate that the autoantibody used in this study can be used to detect CENPs in the kinetochores, and the proteins are expressed in pig oocytes at all stages during meiosis. As the localization of CENPs is associated with spindle formation and chromosome movement, CENPs may participate in cell cycle changes during meiosis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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Metzler-Guillemain C, Luciani J, Depetris D, Guichaoua MR, Mattei MG. HP1beta and HP1gamma, but not HP1alpha, decorate the entire XY body during human male meiosis. Chromosome Res 2003; 11:73-81. [PMID: 12675308 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022014217196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During meiosis in male mammals, the X and Y chromosomes become heterochromatic and transcriptionally silent, and form the XY body. Although the HP1 proteins are known to be involved in the packaging of chromosomal DNA into repressive heterochromatin domains, their involvement in facultative heterochromatinization has not been precisely determined. Here, we analyse, for the first time in humans, the subcellular distribution of the heterochromatin protein HP1alpha, HP1beta and HP1gamma isoforms, in male pachytene spermatocytes, and the XY body facultative heterochromatin in particular. Our results demonstrate that HP1beta and HP1gamma, but not the HP1alpha isoforms, decorate the entire XY body in half the pachytene nuclei observed. In some nuclei, the XY body appears to be only partially labelled. In these cases, the HP1beta and HP1gamma signals are adjacent to the Yq12 constitutive heterochromatin and signal appears to originate in this region before spreading over the entire XY body. This distribution suggests that HP1beta and HP1gamma proteins, which are components of the constitutive heterochromatin, may also be involved in the facultative heterochromatinization of the XY body. Nevertheless, their absence from the early pachytene substage, even though the XY body is already condensed, suggests that these proteins are not involved in the initiation of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Metzler-Guillemain
- Inserm U491, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
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Sobol' MA. [Effect of changes in gravity on the quantity and localization of fibrillarin in the nucleolus of cress root meristem]. Tsitol Genet 2003; 37:40-5. [PMID: 14569622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, in altered gravity, with antifibrillarin antibodies and immunogold microscopy fibrillarin that is one of the most important proteins of rRNA processing was localized. The quantitative study of the density of gold particles in the nuclelous, under clinorotation both the transition zone FC-DFC and the dense fibrillar component were less labeled as compared to the control. Obtained data allow us to suppose the lowering of the rRNA processing level in the nucleoli under the influence of altered gravity.
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Wei T, Baiqu H, Chunxiang L, Zhonghe Z. In situ visualization of rDNA arrangement and its relationship with subnucleolar structural regions in Allium sativum cell nucleolus. J Cell Sci 2003; 116:1117-25. [PMID: 12584254 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We used a DNA-specific staining technique to show the two states of DNA component distributed in the nucleolar region of Allium sativum cells. One state is the extended DNA fiber, and the other is the condensed DNA clump. In situ hybridization demonstrated that the extended DNA fiber was an rRNA gene. Anti-fibrillarin antibody immunolabeling revealed that these rRNA genes were located in the dense fibrillar component near the fibrillar center, including at the periphery of the fibrillar center. None was in the dense fibrillar component far away from the fibrillar center. The condensed DNA clump was located in the fibrillar center. Further observations showed that the rRNA genes in the nucleolus were all arranged around the fibrillar center and associated with the DNA clumps in the fibrillar center. Results of statistical analysis showed that the distribution region of rRNA genes occupied about one-third of the total dense fibrillar component region. Ag-NOR protein showed a similar distribution pattern to that of rDNA. Immunolabeling of an anti-RNA/DNA hybrid antibody demonstrated that the transcription sites of rRNA were located at the periphery of the fibrillar center and in the dense fibrillar component near the fibrillar center, and these sites were consistent with the location and arrangement of rDNA shown in situ. These results demonstrated that transcription of rRNA takes place around the fibrillar center and at the periphery, whereas the dense fibrillar component that was far away from fibrillar center was the non-transcription region. The DNA clumps within the fibrillar center were probably the anchoring sites for rDNA arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, China.
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Yang JM, Hildebrandt B, Luderschmidt C, Pollard KM. Human scleroderma sera contain autoantibodies to protein components specific to the U3 small nucleolar RNP complex. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48:210-7. [PMID: 12528121 DOI: 10.1002/art.10729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether antifibrillarin autoantibodies in scleroderma patients are associated with autoantibodies to protein components specific for U3 small nucleolar RNP (U3 snoRNP). METHODS Sera from 220 scleroderma patients were examined for antinucleolar autoantibodies (ANoA) and for antibodies to fibrillarin and the U3 snoRNP-specific proteins Mpp10 and hU3-55K. Clinical correlates were determined for the different autoantibody specificities. RESULTS Fifty-nine of the 220 patients were positive for ANoA, and 31 of these patients were antifibrillarin positive. Anti-hU3-55K was found in 10 patients, all of whom were antifibrillarin positive. Twenty-nine patients had anti-Mpp10 antibodies; 23 of these were antifibrillarin positive and 6 were antifibrillarin negative. ANoA, including antifibrillarin, anti-hU3-55K, and anti-Mpp10, were associated with diffuse, rather than limited, systemic or localized scleroderma. Esophageal and lung involvement were more common in patients with antifibrillarin and anti-Mpp10 antibodies, and the highest frequency was in patients with anti-Mpp10 alone. CONCLUSION Antifibrillarin autoantibodies are associated with autoantibodies to protein components specific to U3 snoRNP, particularly Mpp10. The prevalence of anti-Mpp10 antibodies in antifibrillarin-positive patients suggests that the U3 snoRNP particle is a source of immunogenic/antigenic material for the anti-snoRNP response in scleroderma. Autoantibodies to snoRNP components were more frequent in patients with diffuse scleroderma than in those with either the limited systemic or localized forms. The increased expression of these antibodies in patients with the more severe form of scleroderma, coupled with the observations that fibrillarin expression is positively linked to collagen expression in fibroblasts and that fibrillarin is overexpressed in scleroderma fibroblasts, suggests a source of snoRNP to initiate and maintain these autoantibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Yang
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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