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Wang L, Li F, Meng L, Wang K, Li W, Fan F, Zhang X, Jiang X, Mu W, Pang X. Assessment of the Dissipation Behaviors, Residues, and Dietary Risk of Oxine-Copper in Cucumber and Watermelon by UPLC-MS/MS. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:29471-29477. [PMID: 39005790 PMCID: PMC11238219 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
During production, agricultural products are often susceptible to potential harm caused by residual traces of pesticides. Oxine-copper is a broad spectrum and efficient protective fungicide widely used in the production of fruits and vegetables. The present study was carried out to profile the dissipation behaviors and residues of oxine-copper on cucumber and watermelon using QuEChERS pretreatment and UPLC-MS/MS. Its storage stability and dietary risk assessment were also estimated. The method validation displayed good linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.9980), sensitivity (limits of quantification ≤0.01 mg/kg), and recoveries (75.5-95.8%) with relative standard deviations of 2.27-8.26%. According to first-order kinetics, the half-lives of oxine-copper in cucumber and watermelon were 1.77-2.11 and 3.57-4.68 d, respectively. The terminal residues of oxine-copper in cucumber and watermelon samples were within <0.01-0.264 and <0.01-0.0641 mg/kg, respectively. Based on dietary risk assessment, the estimated long-term dietary risk probability value of oxine-copper in cucumber and watermelon is 64.11%, indicating that long-term consumption of cucumber and watermelon contaminated with oxine-copper would not pose dietary risks to the general population. The results provide scientific guidance for the rational utilization of oxine-copper in field ecosystems of cucumber and watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Fengyu Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lingtao Meng
- Shandong Binnong Technology Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Shandong Binnong Technology Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Wenying Li
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Fangming Fan
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Shandong Weifang Rainbow Chemical Co., Ltd., Weifang 261108, China
| | - Xinyue Jiang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53703, United States
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xiuyu Pang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250021, China
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2
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Chen L, Li Z, Dou Y, Wang H, Chen C, Wang X. Ratiometric fluoroprobe based on Eu-MOF@Tb 3+ for detecting tetracycline hydrochloride in freshwater fish and its application in rapid visual detection. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134045. [PMID: 38492388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), a prevalent antibiotic in aquaculture for treating bacterial infections, poses challenges for on-site detection. This study employed the reversed-phase microemulsion method to synthesize a uniform nano metal-organic framework (MOF) material, europium-benzene-p-dicarboxylic acid (Eu-BDC), doped with Tb3+ to form a dual-emission fluorescence probe. By leveraging the combined a-photoinduced electron-transfer (a-PET) and inner filter effect (IFE) mechanisms, high-sensitivity TCH detection in Carassius auratus and Ruditapes philippinarum was achieved. The detection range for TCH is 0.380-75 μM, with a low limit of detection (LOD) at 0.115 μM. Upon TCH binding, Eu-BDC fluorescence rapidly decreased, while Tb3+ fluorescence remained constant, establishing a ratiometric fluorescence change. Investigation into the TCH quenching mechanism on Eu-BDC was conducted using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations and fluorescence quenching kinetic equations, suggesting a mixed quenching mechanism. Furthermore, a novel photoelectric conversion fluorescence detection device (FL-2) was developed and evaluated in conjunction with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD). This is the first dedicated fluorescence device for TCH detection, showcasing superior photoelectric conversion performance and stability that reduces experimental errors associated with smartphone photography methods, presenting a promising avenue for on-site rapid TCH detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longtian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Zhongjie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yuemao Dou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Huili Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chunyang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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3
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Ngin P, Haglund P, Proum S, Fick J. Pesticide screening of surface water and soil along the Mekong River in Cambodia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169312. [PMID: 38104830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of pesticides globally has led to serious concerns about environmental contamination, particularly with regard to aquatic and soil ecosystems. This work involved investigating concentrations of 64 pesticides in surface-water and soil samples collected in four provinces along the Mekong River in Cambodia during the dry and rainy seasons (276 samples in total), and conducting semi-structured interviews with local farmers about pesticide use. Furthermore, an ecological risk assessment of the detected pesticides was performed. In total, 56 pesticides were detected in surface water and 43 in soil, with individual pesticides reaching maximum concentrations of 1300 ng/L in the surface-water samples (tebufenozide) and 1100 ng/g dry weight in the soil samples (bromophos-ethyl). The semi-structured interviews made it quite evident that the instructions that farmers are provided regarding the use of pesticides are rudimentary, and that overuse is common. The perceived effect of pesticides was seen as an end-point, and there was a limited process of optimally matching pesticides to pests and crops. Several pesticides were used regularly on the same crop, and the period between application and harvest varied. Risk analysis showed that bromophos-ethyl, dichlorvos, and iprobenfos presented a very high risk to aquatic organisms in both the dry and rainy seasons, with risk quotient values of 850 for both seasons, and of 67 in the dry season and 78 in the rainy season for bromophos-ethyl, and 49 in the dry season and 16 in the rainy season for dichlorvos. Overall, this work highlights the occurrence of pesticide residues in surface water and soil along the Mekong River in Cambodia, and emphasizes the urgent need for monitoring and improving pesticide practices and regulations in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putheary Ngin
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Peter Haglund
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sorya Proum
- Department of Chemistry, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Vashistha VK, Sethi S, Mittal A, Das DK, Pullabhotla RVSR, Bala R, Yadav S. Stereoselective analysis of chiral pesticides: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:153. [PMID: 38225517 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Chiral organic pollutants, including pesticides, herbicides, medicines, flame retardants, and polycyclic musk, represent a significant threat to both the environment and human health. The presence of asymmetric centers in the structure of chiral pesticides introduces stereoisomers with distinct distributions, fates, biomagnification capacities, and cytotoxicities. In aquatic environments, pesticides, as persistent/pseudo-persistent compounds, have been detected in substantial quantities, posing severe risks to non-target species and, ultimately, public health through water supply and food exposures. In response to this environmental challenge, stereoselective analytical methods have gained prominence for the identification of pesticide/drug enantiomers in recent years. This review examines the environmental impact of chiral pesticides, emphasizing the distinct biological activities and distribution patterns of their stereoisomers. By highlighting the advancements in liquid chromatography for enantiomeric analysis, the review aims to underscore the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of these pollutants to facilitate informed remediation strategies and ensure the safer dispersal of chiral organic pollutants in the environment, thereby addressing the potential risks they pose to ecosystems and human health. Future research should focus on developing sustainable and efficient methodologies for the precise analysis of stereoisomers in complex matrices, particularly in sewage water, emphasizing the importance of sewage processing plants in ensuring water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonika Sethi
- Department of Chemistry, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Ankit Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, Shyamlal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Rajasekhar V S R Pullabhotla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Renu Bala
- Department of Chemistry, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Suman Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Gormez E, Golge O, González-Curbelo MÁ, Kabak B. Pesticide Residues in Mandarins: Three-Year Monitoring Results. Molecules 2023; 28:5611. [PMID: 37513481 PMCID: PMC10385200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand of plant production product use has increased because of the current system of citrus production, which prioritizes high agricultural yields. Therefore, the monitoring of pesticide residues in citrus fruits and other agricultural products and their impacts on human health and food security are of great concern. This study aims to determine multi-class pesticides including highly polar residues in satsuma mandarins. A total of 226 mandarin samples were collected over three consecutive harvesting years from 2019 to 2021 in the Izmir region of Turkey. Targeted compounds included pesticides and metabolites with European Union (EU) regulatory levels, plus other non-approved residues and highly polar compounds. The residues excluding highly polar substances were analyzed by applying the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) determination for 434 analytes and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) determination for 71 analytes. For six highly polar pesticides, sample preparation was based on Quick Polar Pesticides (QuPPe) extraction. The polar residues were determined by LC-MS/MS using internal standards. Forty different residues, including two highly polar substances, were recorded in mandarin samples through three harvesting years. In 8.4% of the samples, no quantifiable residues were detected, whereas 207 samples contained at least one residue. The maximum residue level (MRL) exceedances were recorded for 22.1% of the samples. The two most frequently found pesticides were phosphonic acid and spirotetramat, with an incidence rate of 48.7% and 46.5%, respectively. The concentration of phosphonic acid and spirotetramat in mandarin samples varied from 0.026 to 39.386 mg kg-1 and from 0.010 to 1.485 mg kg-1, respectively. The results will enable researchers and regulatory authorities to assess the extent of pesticide presence, identify potential risks, and take necessary measures to ensure the safety of satsuma mandarins for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Gormez
- Pia Frucht Food Control Laboratory, Alaşehir 45600, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Golge
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Tourism, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya 07425, Turkey
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Curbelo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad EAN, Calle 79 n° 11-45, Bogotá 110221, Colombia
| | - Bulent Kabak
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hitit University, Corum 19030, Turkey
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Machinery and Manufacturing Technology Application and Research Center, Hitit University, Corum 19030, Turkey
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Deveci B, Golge O, Kabak B. Quantification of 363 Pesticides in Leafy Vegetables (Dill, Rocket and Parsley) in the Turkey Market by Using QuEChERS with LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051034. [PMID: 36900550 PMCID: PMC10000932 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination of agricultural products with pesticide residues is a growing concern due to their adverse health effects and increasing worldwide usage of pesticides. In 2021 a total of 200 samples of green leafy vegetables, including 80 dill, 80 rocket and 40 parsley, purchased from greengrocer shops, markets and bazaars in Corum Province, Turkey, were monitored for pesticide residues. In green leafy vegetables, 363 pesticides were analyzed using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) sample preparation, followed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for 311 residues and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) for 52 residues. The method was in-house validated at two fortification levels, and satisfactory recoveries and precisions were achieved for all residues. No quantifiable residues were found in 35% of the samples, whereas 43 residues belonging to 24 different chemical classes were detected in 130 green leafy vegetables. Among the green leafy vegetables, the highest occurrence frequency was recorded in the rocket, followed by dill and parsley. In 46% of the green leafy vegetables, the residue levels exceeded European Union Maximum Residue Levels (EU MRLs). The most frequently detected pesticides were pendimethalin (22.5%), diuron (38.7%) and pymetrozine (52.5%) in dill, rocket and parsley, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Deveci
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hitit University, Corum 19030, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Golge
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Tourism, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya 07425, Turkey
| | - Bulent Kabak
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hitit University, Corum 19030, Turkey
- Correspondence:
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7
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Method Validation for Multi-Pesticide Residue Determination in Chrysanthemum. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031291. [PMID: 36770967 PMCID: PMC9921869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The chrysanthemum can be consumed in various forms, representing the "integration of medicine and food". Quantitative analysis of multi-pesticide residues in chrysanthemum matrices is therefore crucial for both product-safety assurance and consumer-risk evaluation. In the present study, a simple and effective method was developed for simultaneously detecting 15 pesticides frequently used in chrysanthemum cultivation in three matrices, including fresh flowers, dry chrysanthemum tea, and infusions. The calibration curves for the pesticides were linear in the 0.01-1 mg kg-1 range, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The limits of quantification (LOQs) for fresh flowers, dry chrysanthemum tea, and infusions were 0.01-0.05 mg kg-1, 0.05 mg kg-1, and 0.001-0.005 mg L-1, respectively. In all selected matrices, satisfactory accuracy and precision were achieved, with recoveries ranging from 75.7 to 118.2% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 20%. The validated method was then used to routinely monitor pesticide residues in 50 commercial chrysanthemum-tea samples. As a result, 56% of samples were detected with 5-13 pesticides. This research presents a method for the efficient analysis of multi-pesticide residues in chrysanthemum matrices.
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Rafaela da Silva Costa F, Maria Barreto Amaral S, Vítor de Melo Freitas J, Sousa da Silva F, Luiza de Farias V, Nunes Damaceno M, de Andrade Nobre C, de Oliveira Silva R, Paulo de Andrade Silva V, Aparecida Liberato Milhome M. A short review of extraction methods associated with chromatographic analysis for the control of pesticide residues in processed fruit juices. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Cui Y, He Y, Li J, Yang Q, Lin Z, Wang C, Liang G, Jiao B. Determination, distribution and potential health risk assessment of insecticides and acaricides in citrus fruits of China. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Fu Y, Zhang R, Lv P, Chen F, Xu W. Eu-based metal-organic framework as a multi-responsive fluorescent sensor for efficient detecting Cr2O72− and tetracycline hydrochloride. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Qi P, Wang J, Liu Z, Wang Z, Xu H, Di S, Zhao H, Wang X. Integrated QuEChERS strategy for high-throughput multi-pesticide residues analysis of vegetables. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462589. [PMID: 34749183 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An integrated QuEChERS strategy was developed by combining the extraction and purification processes into a single step. All of the pretreatment procedures could be performed in one tube within 5 min with the aid of magnetic nanoparticles and careful optimization of the key parameters, including the dosages of the sorbents (magnetic nanoparticles, C18, and graphitized carbon black), dehydrating and salting out reagents. The optimal method was validated and compared with the conventional QuEChERS method, demonstrating its clear superiority in terms of operating procedure, sample pretreatment time, and reagent dosages while affording equivalent pesticide recoveries and matrix effects. Further application of this method was performed to analyze 127 pesticide residues in solanaceous vegetables (tomato, pepper, and eggplant), leafy vegetables (brassica campestris and cabbage), legumes (green beans and cowpea), melon-type vegetables (cucumber and towel gourd), and a root vegetable (water bamboo), with the mean recoveries of the pesticides in the individual vegetable samples ranging from 70.6 to 92.8%. The method LOQs for these pesticides ranged from 10 to 50 μg/kg depending on the matrix. These results fully confirmed its wide applicability and versatility for achieving robust, rapid, and high-throughput multi-pesticide residues analysis in vegetable samples. More importantly, the developed strategy provides a greener and more "QuEChERS" design concept, which could be applied to the analysis of numerous types of pesticide residues in various matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
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12
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Li Z, Su X, Dong C, Zhou J, An W, Wang C, Jiao B. Determination of five pesticides in kumquat: Dissipation behaviors, residues and their health risk assessment under field conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112958. [PMID: 34773845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to profile the dissipation patterns and residues of five pesticides (triazophos, profenofos, chlorpyrifos, etoxazole and bifenthrin) on kumquat using QuEChERS method coupled with HPLC-MS/MS. The corresponding dietary health risks were also estimated. In the method validation, satisfactory results of good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9956), sensitivity (limits of quantification ≤0.01 mg/kg), recoveries (71.0-95.7%) with relative standard deviations (0.70-9.4%) were obtained. The half-lives of the five pesticides in kumquat were 13.6-38.5 d under field conditions according to first-order kinetics. Based on the final residue experiment, dietary exposure risks of profenofos, chlorpyrifos, etoxazole and bifenthrin were all acceptably low, with RQc and RQa values of 0.00199-0.122 and 0.00145-0.200, respectively. However, exposure intake of triazophos posed unacceptable acute and chronic health risks for Chinese residents, especially for children with RQa and RQc up to 4.25 and 2.19. Forbidden use suggestion of triazophos and recommended MRLs of profenofos and bifenthrin were put forward in kumquat for safe production and consumption. This work was significant in providing guidance on appropriate application and MRL establishment of pesticides in kumquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Li
- Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China; Southwest University, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuesu Su
- Southwest University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Wenjin An
- Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Chengqiu Wang
- Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Bining Jiao
- Southwest University, Citrus Research Institute, Chongqing 400712, China.
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Determination of Pesticide Residues in Strawberries by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Rahman MM, Lee DJ, Jo A, Yun SH, Eun JB, Im MH, Shim JH, Abd El-Aty AM. Onsite/on-field analysis of pesticide and veterinary drug residues by a state-of-art technology: A review. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2310-2327. [PMID: 33773036 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides and veterinary drugs are generally employed to control pests and insects in crop and livestock farming. However, remaining residues are considered potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. Therefore, regular monitoring is required for assessing and legislation of pesticides and veterinary drugs. Various approaches to determining residues in various agricultural and animal food products have been reported. Most analytical methods involve sample extraction, purification (cleanup), and detection. Traditional sample preparation is time-consuming labor-intensive, expensive, and requires a large amount of toxic organic solvent, along with high probability for the decomposition of a compound before the analysis. Thus, modern sample preparation techniques, such as the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method, have been widely accepted in the scientific community for its versatile application; however, it still requires a laboratory setup for the extraction and purification processes, which also involves the utilization of a toxic solvent. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate recent technologies that are simple, portable, green, quick, and cost-effective for onsite and infield residue detections. Several technologies, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, quantum dots, biosensing, and miniaturized gas chromatography, are now available. Further, several onsite techniques, such as ion mobility-mass spectrometry, are now being upgraded; some of them, although unable to analyze field sample directly, can analyze a large number of compounds within very short time (such as time-of-flight and Orbitrap mass spectrometry). Thus, to stay updated with scientific advances and analyze organic contaminants effectively and safely, it is necessary to study all of the state-of-art technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Lee
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Jo
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yun
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Food Science and Technology and BK 21 plus Program, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Hyeog Im
- Department of Food Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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15
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Wang L, Qi C, Wang L, Wang T, Lei Y, Zeng X, Liu J, Liang X, Huang L, Wu Y. Rapid Screening and Quantification of Multi-Class Multi-Residue Veterinary Drugs in Pork by a Modified Quechers Protocol Coupled to UPLC-QOrbitrap HRMS. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666190926123512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
A rapid and simple analytical method for the screening and quantification of
multi-residues was established by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) approach
coupled to ultra-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization quadrupole
orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). A total number of 59 veterinary
drugs were investigated, which belonged to 12 classes, such as β-agonist, quinolones, sulfonamides,
tetracyclines, lincomycin series, triphenylmethane, nitroimidazoles, macrolides, amide alcohols,
quinoxalines, steroid hormone and sedatives.
Methods:
The factors which influence the determination of veterinary drugs residues, such as mobile
phase, extract solvent, clean up sorbent, and re-dissolved solvent, were optimized by the single factor
experiment. The method was sufficiently validated by using the parameters of linearity, sensitivity,
accuracy, and repeatability.
Results:
The response of the detector was linear for 59 veterinary drug residues in extensive range
(two to three orders of magnitude) with a high coefficient of determination (R2) (0.9995-0.9998).
The limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.1μg/kg to 2.0μg/kg for 59 veterinary drug residues
in pork samples. The repeatability was in the range of 1.0%-9.5%. Average recoveries of 59 veterinary
drugs at three spiked levels ranged from 53.7%-117.8% with relative standard deviation (RSD)
of 1.9%-13.9%. The full MS scan coupled with data-dependent MS/MS mode was applied for
screening the target compounds to simultaneously obtain the accurate mass of parent ion and the
mass spectrum of fragments. Elemental composition, accurate mass, and retention time and characteristic
fragment ions were used to establish a homemade database.
Conclusion:
The ability of the homemade database was verified by analyzing the real pork samples,
and the result was satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyan Qi
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Lidan Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingcai Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Lei
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefang Zeng
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiafei Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuxia Liang
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection (Guangdong Inspection Center of Wine and Spirits), 510410, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixin Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, 10022, Beijing, China
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16
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Romeh AA. Synergistic effect of Ficus-zero valent iron supported on adsorbents and Plantago major for chlorpyrifos phytoremediation from water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:151-161. [PMID: 32772548 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1803201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos and the metabolite 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) are widespread contamination of aquatic environments especially freshwater fish. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the contribution of using Ficus zero-valent iron nanoparticles supported on adsorbents (F-Fe0 ad) as green nanotechnology and Plantago major as phytoremediation for removing chlorpyrifos and degradation product TCP polluted water. The shapes of F-Fe0 were circular, with sizes from 2.46 nm to 11.49 nm. Wheat bran (WB) showed the highest extent of removal of chlorpyrifos, while Rice straw ash (RSA) showed the lowest extent of removal. F-Fe0 supported on adsorbents has demonstrated faster removal toward chlorpyrifos compared with tested adsorbents or F-Fe0. Chlorpyrifos was removed more quickly and effectively by P. major L. plus F-Fe0 supported on different adsorbents (nearly 100%) than that by P. major (43.76%) or F-Fe0 (81.69%). The degradation product TCP was more greatly accumulated in water treated with F-Fe0 than that P. major alone or F-Fe0 supported with adsorbents and combined with P. major. Furthermore, TCP significantly accumulated in P. major roots and leaves in the water treated with F-Fe0 supported with adsorbents plus P. major more than that in the P. major roots and leaves alone, this is attributed to the role of F-Fe0 adsorbents for the degradation of chlorpyrifos to TCP, Which strongly accumulated in the P. major roots and leaves. It can be concluded that the contribution of using F-Fe0 supported on adsorbents, especially WB as green nanotechnology and P. major as phytoremediation would be a major role for the complete removal of chlorpyrifos from the water with a significant reduction in the toxic degradation product TCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Romeh
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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17
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Development of an analytical method for determination of total ethofumesate residues in foods by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 313:126132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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dos Santos EO, Gonzales JO, Ores JC, Marube LC, Caldas SS, Furlong EB, Primel EG. Sand as a solid support in ultrasound-assisted MSPD: A simple, green and low-cost method for multiresidue pesticide determination in fruits and vegetables. Food Chem 2019; 297:124926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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19
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Zhu B, Xu X, Luo J, Jin S, Chen W, Liu Z, Tian C. Simultaneous determination of 131 pesticides in tea by on-line GPC-GC–MS/MS using graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as dispersive solid phase extraction sorbent. Food Chem 2019; 276:202-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Hoff R, Furtado R, Dos Santos JM, Vogelmann ES, Hoff GD, Kneip RC, Jank L, Gonçalves FF. Removal of epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin from highly contaminated effluent (grams per liter level): Comparison between ozone and solar still decontamination using real field conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:597-604. [PMID: 30414588 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brazilian environmental legislation obliges the aeroagriculture operators to treat the effluents generated after aircraft washing. This effluent commonly contains high levels of pesticides (g L-1) with potential to produce point source pollution. In the present study, we evaluated the efficiency of two systems on the removal of the fungicides epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin from these effluents. The first system is based on ozonation and is currently suggested by regulatory authority. The second system is based on a pyramid-shaped solar still. The pesticides removal was monitored using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to determine the mass quantity of both molecules throughout the treatment. After treatment with ozone treatment, the total mass of epoxiconazole decreased by 73% and pyraclostrobin decreased by 90.8%. The solar distillation system removed epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin by >99.995 and 99.99%, respectively. The both systems proved to be efficient in the treatment of effluent containing residues of the fungicide Opera®, a formulation containing epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin. The solar distillation system showed a higher degree of removal and presents the advantage of operating without energy sources, reagents or consumables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Hoff
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário - LANAGRO/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Brasil, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Furtado
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Brasil, DPDAG, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliane Marques Dos Santos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Marechal Floriano Peixoto, 2236, São Lourenço do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Saldanha Vogelmann
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Marechal Floriano Peixoto, 2236, São Lourenço do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Duarte Hoff
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Faculdade de Química, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Av. Eliseu Maciel - Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Cunha Kneip
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Sul-rio-grandense, IFSul, Praça 20 de Setembro, 455, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Louíse Jank
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário - LANAGRO/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Brasil, Estrada da Ponta Grossa 3036, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ferreira Gonçalves
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande - FURG, Rua Barão do Caí, 125, Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Brazil
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21
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Analysis of pesticide residues in commercially available chenpi using a modified QuEChERS method and GC-MS/MS determination. J Pharm Anal 2019; 10:60-69. [PMID: 32123600 PMCID: PMC7037570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To ensure the safety of the commercially available chenpi, a convenient and fast analytical method was developed for the determination of 133 pesticide residues in chenpi using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). In this study, different extraction solvents, redissolution solvents and adsorbents were tested according to the recovery and purification effect to obtain a modified QuEChERS method. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile. During the clean-up step, octadecyl-modified silica (C18) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) were selected, and aminopropyl (NH2) was used instead of primary secondary amine (PSA) because of its weaker ion exchange capacity which had little effect on the recovery of ditalimfos. Samples were quantified by matrix-matched calibration with internal standards. All pesticides showed good linearity in the respective range, both with values of r2 > 0.99. The average recoveries of the pesticides spiked samples ranged from 70.0% to 112.2% with the RSDs of 0.2%–14.4%. The modified QuEChERS method was validated and applied to twenty real samples. Five pesticides were found in eight batches, but no pesticide exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRL, MRL reference to European commission).
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22
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Chawla P, Kaushik R, Shiva Swaraj V, Kumar N. Organophosphorus pesticides residues in food and their colorimetric detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Mijangos L, Ziarrusta H, Zabaleta I, Usobiaga A, Olivares M, Zuloaga O, Etxebarria N, Prieto A. Multiresidue analytical method for the determination of 41 multiclass organic pollutants in mussel and fish tissues and biofluids by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 411:493-506. [PMID: 30478518 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the full optimisation and validation procedure to analyse a wide set of emerging organic contaminants in biotissues (mussel and fish muscle, liver, gills and brain) and biofluids (fish plasma and bile) is described. The target families include artificial sweeteners, industrial products, hormones, pharmaceutical and personal care products, pesticides and phytoestrogens. Different clean-up strategies (hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced (HLB) solid-phase extraction, Florisil solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction followed by HLB solid-phase extraction and microextraction based on polyethersulfone polymer) were evaluated for the clean-up of focused ultrasonic solid-liquid extraction (FUSLE) extracts before the analysis by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS/MS). The methods afforded satisfactory apparent recovery values (71-126%) using isotopically labelled analytes and matrix-matched calibration approach, regardless of the matrix. Method detection limits in the range of 4-48 ng/g and 0.3-111 ng/L were obtained for biotissues and biofluids, respectively. The developed method was applied to determine the uptake and tissue distribution in juvenile gilt-head bream (Sparus aurata) during 7 days in seawater, and unexpectedly, perfluoro-1-butanesulfonate tended to accumulate in liver and, to a lesser extent, in muscle and gills. Furthermore, real mussel samples collected in the Basque coast were also analysed and the presence of the highly consumed valsartan (7 ng/g) and telmisartan (6.8 ng/g) compounds in bivalves is reported for the first time here. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Mijangos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain. .,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain.
| | - Haizea Ziarrusta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Itsaso Zabaleta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aresatz Usobiaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Maitane Olivares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Olatz Zuloaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Ailette Prieto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
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24
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Wrobel MH. Do chlorinated insecticides (aldrin and DDT) or products of their transformations (dieldrin and DDE) impair signal transfer from regulators (oxytocin and relaxin) of bovine myometrium motility in vitro? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:234-239. [PMID: 30059857 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aldrin, dieldrin, and DDT are chlorinated insecticides that are unintentionally widespread in the environment. It was previously shown that all of the aforementioned compounds increased secretion of ovarian oxytocin (OT), which is a potent uterotonic agent. However, only DDT and its metabolite (DDE) promoted, while aldrin and dieldrin inhibited basal and OT-stimulated myometrial contractions in cows. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of these treatments on the reception and further transmission of the OT-signal for myometrial contractions and on the levels of contractile-associated integral proteins (caveolin; CAV) and gap junction proteins (GAPs). Moreover, their effect on reception of signal for the relaxation of myometrium was also studied. Myometrial strips or cells from non-pregnant (8-12 days of oestrous cycle) or late pregnant (5-8 months) cows were incubated with the studied compounds at environmentally relevant dose (10 ng/ml), which was chosen according to the previous studies. DDT and DDE increased the CAV protein level, while dieldrin decreased the GAPs level. None of the studied compounds affected mRNA expression of the OT receptor and expression of the second messengers (DAG, IP3, PKC, MLCK). Oppositely, DDE and dieldrin decreased mRNA expression of the relaxin (RLX) receptor. Changes in the amount of contractile-associated integral proteins may be involved in the molecular mechanism underlying the adverse effects of the studied insecticides on myometrial motility. Admittedly, none of the studied compounds impaired the reception or further intracellular transmission of the OT signal to promote contractions during the oestrous cycle, while they showed potential to impair the transmission the signal between cells as well as to diminish the effects of one of the primary inhibitor (RLX) of myometrial contractions during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hubert Wrobel
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Street 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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25
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Golge O, Hepsag F, Kabak B. Health risk assessment of selected pesticide residues in green pepper and cucumber. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:51-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Wang X, Qi P, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Xu X, Xu H, Zhang H, Wang Q. An efficient cleanup method coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for multi-pesticides residue analysis in complex plant matrices. J Sep Sci 2018; 40:2438-2450. [PMID: 28426177 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to develop an efficient cleanup method for multi-pesticides residue analysis in complex plant matrices, shallot, ginger, garlic, onion, leek, and celery. Column chromatography was used as the cleanup method and fabricated with florisil and graphitized carbon black as the adsorbents. The amount of the graphitized carbon black adsorbent and the choice of the elution solvent were systematically investigated for exploring the best combination. The target pesticides covered organochlorine, pyrethroid, and organophosphorus pesticides, and were 38 in total. The method validation and comparison were performed to verify its feasibility and advantages in operation convenience and purification efficiency. The method limit of quantitation varied from 0.01 to 0.03 mg/kg, which depends on the pesticides and the sample matrices. The recoveries of the pesticides ranged from 60.5 to 128% (RSD ≤ 19.0%) at the spiked concentration level of 0.01 (or 0.03) mg/kg and 62.9 to 130% (RSD ≤ 13.0%) at 0.1 mg/kg. Compared with the commercial cleanup solid-phase extraction cartridges, the present adsorbent combination displayed better purification effect and shorter sample pretreatment time, demonstrating potential application prospect in the complex matrix sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Qi
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiahong Xu
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Wrobel MH. Glyphosate affects the secretion of regulators of uterine contractions in cows while it does not directly impair the motoric function of myometrium in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 349:55-61. [PMID: 29705296 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pure glyphosate and its most popular product (brand name: Roundup) on the secretion of hormones involved in the regulation of myometrial contractions as well as their direct effects on myometrial contractions were examined. Myometrial strips as well as uterine and ovarian cells were taken from cows during the oestrous cycle and they were treated with both compounds at concentrations from their environmental range. Glyphosate stimulated the secretion of oestradiol from granulosa cells while both herbicides increased and decreased oxytocin (OT) and progesterone secretion from luteal cells respectively. However only Roundup stimulated mRNA expression of the precursor of OT. Both compounds decreased the secretion of prostaglandins from endometrial cells while they exerted no effect on the basal and OT-stimulated force of myometrial contractions. The studied herbicides did not directly impair the motoric function of the myometrium. However our data indicate the potential of these compounds to disturb the secretory functions of the ovaries and uterus which can lead to the deregulation of uterine contractions and to the impairment of fertilisation or to difficulties in the maintenance of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hubert Wrobel
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Street 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Wrobel MH, Mlynarczuk J. Chlorinated insecticides (toxaphene and endrin) affect oxytocin, testosterone, oestradiol and prostaglandin secretion from ovarian and uterine cells as well as myometrial contractions in cow in vitro. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 198:432-441. [PMID: 29425943 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We examined the direct effects of toxaphene and endrin, chlorinated insecticides that are widespread in the environment, on myometrial contractions and on the secretion of hormones involved in regulating these contractions. Granulosa, luteal, endometrial and myometrial cells, and myometrial strips from non-pregnant cows were incubated with both insecticides at environmentally relevant doses. Toxaphene inhibited and endrin stimulated the secretion of testosterone and oestradiol from granulosa cells. Toxaphene also inhibited and endrin stimulated the expression of the mRNA encoding the precursor of oxytocin (OT), as well OT secretion in luteal cell cultures. Moreover, endrin increased OT secretion from granulosa cells. Neither insecticide exerted an effect on progesterone secretion from luteal cells. Only toxaphene decreased the secretion of prostaglandins (PGF2 and PGE2) from endometrial cells. Meanwhile, only endrin decreased basal myometrial contractions, which was accompanied by inhibition of PGF2 secretion from the myometrium. Both endrin and toxaphene also decreased the force of the OT-stimulated myometrial contractions, whereas only toxaphene inhibited the stimulatory effect of OT on the force of myometrial contractions. In contrast to endrin, toxaphene decreased synthesis and secretion of one of the primary stimulators of myometrial contractions (OT) and indirectly inhibited OT signal reception in the myometrium by reducing E2 secretion. Both insecticides decreased OT-stimulated myometrial contractions; therefore, they may inhibit further transmission of the OT signal. Moreover, endrin inhibited basal myometrial contractions, potentially resulting from reduced PGF2 secretion from the myometrium. Our data indicate the potential of these insecticides to disturb the course of the oestrous cycle or fertilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hubert Wrobel
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Street 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jaroslaw Mlynarczuk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Street 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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Golge O, Kabak B. Pesticide Residues in Table Grapes and Exposure Assessment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1701-1713. [PMID: 29364655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This report describes levels of 172 pesticide residues in table grapes in Turkey. A total of 280 samples of table grapes were collected from supermarkets, bazaar, and greengrocer shops located in four provinces of Turkey from August to October 2016. The samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification ranged from 0.002 to 0.010 mg kg-1. The validation data revealed good recoveries and good repeatability and reproducibility and fulfilled the other requirements of the European SANTE/11945/2015 Guideline. One or more pesticide residues were detected in 59.6% of the table grapes. The residues above the EU maximum residue levels were 20.4% of the samples. The most prevalent pesticide residues were azoxystrobin, chlorpyrifos, boscalid, and cyprodinil. Left-censored results (40.4% of the results) were substituted by lower bound , middle bound, and upper bound values. In the worst-case scenario, the hazard index (HI) was 3.37% for adults and 9.42% for children. Chlorpyrifos was the major contributor (65%) to HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Golge
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, ALTSO Tourism College , Alanya, Antalya 07450, Turkey
| | - Bulent Kabak
- Hitit University , Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Corum 19030, Turkey
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Zhao P, Lei S, Xing M, Xiong S, Guo X. Simultaneous enantioselective determination of six pesticides in aqueous environmental samples by chiral liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1287-1297. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Shuo Lei
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Mingming Xing
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Shihang Xiong
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
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31
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Validation of a Modified QuEChERS Method for the Determination of 167 Pesticides in Milk and Milk Products by LC-MS/MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Rutkowska E, Łozowicka B, Kaczyński P. Modification of Multiresidue QuEChERS Protocol to Minimize Matrix Effect and Improve Recoveries for Determination of Pesticide Residues in Dried Herbs Followed by GC-MS/MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Chen H, Gao G, Chai Y, Ma G, Hao Z, Wang C, Liu X, Lu C. Multiresidue Method for the Rapid Determination of Pesticide Residues in Tea Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and In-Syringe Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:5917-5927. [PMID: 30023756 PMCID: PMC6044959 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A method based on in-syringe dispersive solid phase extraction (IS-D-SPE) and ultra performance liquid chromatography Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry for the multiresidue analysis of 117 pesticides in tea was developed. Full scan mode was acquired over an m/z range of 100-800 with Orbitrap resolution at 70000, followed by full scan/dd-MS2 mode for confirmation. The identification criteria of retention time and mass accuracy tolerance was ±0.20 min and ±5.0 ppm, respectively. MS/MS fragment ions obtained dd-MS2 were necessary to identify the pesticides with the same molecular mass weight. The IS-D-SPE technique involved a mixture of 200 mg PSA, 100 mg C18, and 15 mg multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the cleanup of tea matrix. Good linearity (R2 > 0.99) for 117 pesticides was obtained. Satisfactory recoveries in the range of 70-120% were obtained for 105 pesticides, while intraday and interday precisions were below 20%. Limits of quantification were generally 10 μg kg-1. Finally, this method was employed to analyze 117 pesticides in 70 tea samples.
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Clean-up and matrix effect in LC-MS/MS analysis of food of plant origin for high polar herbicides. Food Chem 2017; 230:524-531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kaczynski P, Hrynko I, Lozowicka B. Evolution of novel sorbents for effective clean-up of honeybee matrix in highly toxic insecticide LC/MS/MS analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:124-131. [PMID: 28126629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Highly toxic insecticides (HTIs) belonging to different chemical groups are dangerous to pollinating organisms, even in sublethal doses. An important objective of this study was to develop a method to determine over fifty HTIs at very low concentrations in the bee matrix. The novelty of this research involved obtaining extract completely free from beewaxes, lipids and proteins using EMR-lipid (enhanced matrix removal-lipid), chitin and Z-Sep+ (zirconium oxide and C18 dual-bonded to silica) as clean-up sorbents. Different parameters, such as weight of bees, extraction solvent, and freezing time were evaluated. Determinations were made using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). EMR-lipid allows for removing most of the fatty co-extracts and increases the overall performance of the method by reducing the matrix effects (ME) without significant analyte loss. The established modified QuEChERS method based on 1% acetic acid in acetonitrile extraction followed by EMR-lipid clean-up was validated at three different spiking levels (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1mgkg-1). Precision, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD), was below 20%. The proposed method was used to determine sublethal doses of these insecticides in real samples of dead honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kaczynski
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Izabela Hrynko
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bozena Lozowicka
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland
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Kaczyński P, Łozowicka B, Perkowski M, Szabuńko J. Multiclass pesticide residue analysis in fish muscle and liver on one-step extraction-cleanup strategy coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 138:179-189. [PMID: 28056418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of pesticide residues in fish samples is challenging due to the low concentrations and large number of analytes that need to be monitored and quantified in a complex matrix. This is the first report providing a novel one-step extraction-cleanup strategy for simultaneous analysis of over 340 pesticides in a fatty fish and liver matrix, coupled with liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The samples of fish muscle and liver were prepared according to the modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) procedure, wherein the extraction and cleanup protocol were integrated into one step. Among the tested cleanup dispersive solid phase extraction sorbents (C18, primary-secondary amine, Z-Sep), chitin yielded the best results. Spike-in experiments were carried out at three different spiking levels in fish and liver to determine the recovery, precision and limits of detection of the method as well as the matrix effect. The method's detection limits ranged from 0.05 to 1.2μgkg-1, while recoveries of most pesticides were in the range of 70-120% with associated precision - relative standard deviations below 20%. A linear relationship was observed within the range of 0.005-1mgkg-1, and the correlation coefficient was R2>0.997. Expanded measurement uncertainty was estimated to be between 7% and 52%, on average. Matrix effects were evaluated and were not significant for the vast majority of pesticides. The validated method was employed in the analysis of 54 real fish and liver samples in which 10 different pesticides with concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 0.047mgkg-1 were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kaczyński
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Perkowski
- University of Białystok, Faculty of Law, Department of International Law, Mickiewicza 1, 15-213 Białystok, Poland
| | - Julia Szabuńko
- Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland
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37
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Łozowicka B, Rutkowska E, Jankowska M. Influence of QuEChERS modifications on recovery and matrix effect during the multi-residue pesticide analysis in soil by GC/MS/MS and GC/ECD/NPD. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:7124-7138. [PMID: 28093672 PMCID: PMC5383684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A QuEChERS extraction followed by GC/MS/MS and GC-μECD/NPD for 216 pesticide and metabolites determination in soil simultaneously were developed and compared. Volume of water, volume and polarity of solvent, and cleanup sorbents (C18, GCB, PSA) were optimized. The QuEChERS with and without purification step were applied to estimate effectiveness of the method. The recovery and matrix effect (ME) were critical parameters within each tested procedure. The optimal method without cleanup was validated. Accuracy (expressed as recovery), precision (expressed as RSD), linearity, LOQ, and uncertainty were determined. The recoveries at the three spiking levels using matrix-matched standards ranged between 65 and 116% with RSD ≤17 and 60-112% with RSD ≤18% for MS/MS and μEC/NP, respectively. The LOQ ranged from 0.005-0.01 mg/kg for MS/MS to 0.05 mg/kg for μEC/NP. The ME for most of pesticides resulted in enhancement of the signal and depended on the analyte and detection system: MS/MS showed ME from -25 to 74%, while μEC/NP from -45 to 96%. A principal component analysis was performed to explain the relationships between physicochemical parameters and ME of 216 pesticides. The QuEChERS protocol without the cleanup step is a promising option to make the method less expensive and faster. This methodology was applied in routine analysis of 263 soil samples in which p,p' DDT was the most frequently detected (23.5% of samples) and pendimethalin with the highest concentration (1.63 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Łozowicka
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Chelmonskiego 22, Postal code: 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Rutkowska
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Chelmonskiego 22, Postal code: 15-195, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Jankowska
- Plant Protection Institute - National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Chelmonskiego 22, Postal code: 15-195, Bialystok, Poland
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38
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Recent Advances and Developments in the QuEChERS Method. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Masiá A, Suarez-Varela MM, Llopis-Gonzalez A, Picó Y. Determination of pesticides and veterinary drug residues in food by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 936:40-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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