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Lushchak O, Strilbytska O, Petakh P, Kamyshnyi O, Koliada O, Semaniuk U. Reproduction and preference to macronutrients have different relations to biological or chronological age in Drosophila. Biogerontology 2025; 26:116. [PMID: 40418386 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-025-10259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 05/14/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
Varied factors and interventions were shown to extend the lifespan. An understanding of the mechanisms behind the beneficial effects might extend our understanding of how interventions work. However, in most studies, groups are compared at distinct time points representing chronological age. This setup does not take into account that organisms of the same chronological age are different biologically. In other words, they have a different biological age that reflects varied physiological traits. We have compared reproduction and consumption of specific macronutrients for flies in according quartiles (Q) of chronological and biological age. Quartiles of chronological age were obtained by dividing the total lifespan of the cohort into 4 parts. Quartiles of biological age were estimated as time points of 75, 50, 25 and 0% survival of the cohort. We found that the decline in carbohydrate or protein consumption was stronger in the case of chronological rather than biological age. However, flies of biological or chronological quartile 4 consumed virtually the same amounts of macronutrients. The decline in reproduction was significantly reduced in relation to biological age. Thus, the decline was about 38-68% when within chronological quartiles 2 and 1 but only 4-31% for biological ones. The reproductive capacity was reduced by 86-93% in flies of chronological Q4 as compared to a 60-77% decrease for those of biological. Starting from quartile 2 biologically aged flies laid significantly higher number of eggs than flies of the same chronological quartile. Our results point out the significant difference in flies of the same biological and chronological quartile and raise the question about the suitability of comparison traits of organisms with different lifespans same chronological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Lushchak
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
- Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
| | - Olha Strilbytska
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Petakh
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Koliada
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, NAS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Uliana Semaniuk
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
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2
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van Galen I, Birkisdóttir MB, Ozinga RA, Brandt RMC, Barnhoorn S, Imholz S, van Oostrom CT, van der Marel RWGN, Smit K, Rijksen YMA, Reiling E, van Steeg H, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Dollé MET, Vermeij WP. High protein intake causes gene-length-dependent transcriptional decline, shortens lifespan and accelerates ageing in progeroid DNA repair-deficient mice. NPJ METABOLIC HEALTH AND DISEASE 2025; 3:20. [PMID: 40416846 PMCID: PMC12098121 DOI: 10.1038/s44324-025-00064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2025] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
Dietary composition can significantly influence health and lifespan, however, robust knowledge on which food components, at what concentration exert which long-term health effects is still incomplete. Here, we explored the effects of dietary protein intake on Ercc1 Δ/- DNA-repair-deficient mice, which are an excellent model for accelerated ageing and are hyperresponsive to the anti-ageing effect of dietary restriction. Restricting dietary protein by 50% extended lifespan in male mice, but not in females. Restricting protein levels beyond 80% improved various neurological health parameters, while a further reduction to 95% affected appetite and became distinctly detrimental. Conversely, a near doubling of protein intake and isocaloric compensatory lowering with carbohydrates significantly shortened lifespan in both sexes. Gene expression analysis of liver from mice on a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet to those on high-carbohydrate, low-protein revealed increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation, enrichment of processes associated with tissue injury, inflammation, and gene-length-dependent transcriptional decline (GLTD), recently shown to reflect DNA damage accumulation causing transcription stress, and cellular ageing. Finally, GLTD was also identified by reanalysis of publicly available data of wild-type mice, rats and humans on high-protein diets, suggesting that increased dietary protein enhances GLTD and accelerates systemic ageing. Together, our findings have implications for nutritional guidelines for progeroid DNA-repair-deficient human syndromes, warrant the use of excessive protein intake for sustaining health, and suggests GLTD as a sensitive read-out of overall health and predictor of biological ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivar van Galen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maria B. Birkisdóttir
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rutger A. Ozinga
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Renata M. C. Brandt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander Barnhoorn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Imholz
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Conny T. van Oostrom
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Kimberly Smit
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M. A. Rijksen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Erwin Reiling
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Harry van Steeg
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- CECAD forschungszentrum, Köln, Germany
| | - Martijn E. T. Dollé
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Wilbert P. Vermeij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
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3
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Park YJ, Lu TC, Jackson T, Goodman LD, Ran L, Chen J, Liang CY, Harrison E, Ko C, Chen X, Wang B, Hsu AL, Ochoa E, Bieniek KF, Yamamoto S, Zhu Y, Zheng H, Qi Y, Bellen HJ, Li H. Distinct systemic impacts of Aβ42 and Tau revealed by whole-organism snRNA-seq. Neuron 2025:S0896-6273(25)00299-5. [PMID: 40381615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2025.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 04/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Abstract
Both neuronal and peripheral tissues become disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, a comprehensive understanding of how AD impacts different tissues across the whole organism is lacking. Using Drosophila, we generated an AD Fly Cell Atlas (AD-FCA) based on whole-organism single-nucleus transcriptomes of 219 cell types from flies expressing AD-associated proteins, either human amyloid-β 42 peptide (Aβ42) or Tau, in neurons. We found that Aβ42 primarily affects the nervous system, including sensory neurons, while Tau induces accelerated aging in peripheral tissues. We identified a neuronal cluster enriched in Aβ42 flies, which has high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) expression. This LDH-high cluster is conserved in 5XFAD mouse and human AD datasets. We found a conserved defect in fat metabolism from both fly and mouse tauopathy models. The AD-FCA offers new insights into how Aβ42 or Tau systemically and differentially affects a whole organism and provides a valuable resource for understanding brain-body communication in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Jin Park
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tyler Jackson
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Cancer Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lindsey D Goodman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lindsey Ran
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiaye Chen
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chung-Yi Liang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Erin Harrison
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christina Ko
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Baiping Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ao-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 28109, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ochoa
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Kevin F Bieniek
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Hongjie Li
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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4
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Nath DK, Dhakal S, Lee Y. TRPγ regulates lipid metabolism through Dh44 neuroendocrine cells. eLife 2025; 13:RP99258. [PMID: 40243537 PMCID: PMC12005721 DOI: 10.7554/elife.99258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Understanding how the brain controls nutrient storage is pivotal. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are conserved from insects to humans. They serve in detecting environmental shifts and in acting as internal sensors. Previously, we demonstrated the role of TRPγ in nutrient-sensing behavior (Dhakal et al., 2022). Here, we found that a TRPγ mutant exhibited in Drosophila melanogaster is required for maintaining normal lipid and protein levels. In animals, lipogenesis and lipolysis control lipid levels in response to food availability. Lipids are mostly stored as triacylglycerol in the fat bodies (FBs) of D. melanogaster. Interestingly, trpγ deficient mutants exhibited elevated TAG levels and our genetic data indicated that Dh44 neurons are indispensable for normal lipid storage but not protein storage. The trpγ mutants also exhibited reduced starvation resistance, which was attributed to insufficient lipolysis in the FBs. This could be mitigated by administering lipase or metformin orally, indicating a potential treatment pathway. Gene expression analysis indicated that trpγ knockout downregulated brummer, a key lipolytic gene, resulting in chronic lipolytic deficits in the gut and other fat tissues. The study also highlighted the role of specific proteins, including neuropeptide DH44 and its receptor DH44R2 in lipid regulation. Our findings provide insight into the broader question of how the brain and gut regulate nutrient storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Nath
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Subash Dhakal
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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5
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Yang Y, Mayo A, Levy T, Raz N, Shenhar B, Jarosz DF, Alon U. Compression of morbidity by interventions that steepen the survival curve. Nat Commun 2025; 16:3340. [PMID: 40199852 PMCID: PMC11978790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2025] [Indexed: 04/10/2025] Open
Abstract
Longevity research aims to extend the healthspan while minimizing the duration of disability and morbidity, known as the sickspan. Most longevity interventions in model organisms extend healthspan, but it is not known whether they compress sickspan relative to the lifespan. Here, we present a theory that predicts which interventions compress relative sickspan, based on the shape of the survival curve. Interventions such as caloric restriction that extend mean lifespan while preserving the shape of the survival curve, are predicted to extend the sickspan proportionally, without compressing it. Conversely, a subset of interventions that extend lifespan and steepen the shape of the survival curve are predicted to compress the relative sickspan. We explain this based on the saturating-removal mathematical model of aging, and present evidence from longitudinal health data in mice, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. We apply this theory to identify potential interventions for compressing the sickspan in mice, and to combinations of longevity interventions. This approach offers potential strategies for compressing morbidity and extending healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Avi Mayo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomer Levy
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Naveh Raz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ben Shenhar
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniel F Jarosz
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Uri Alon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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6
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Gan Y, Yuan Z, Weng J, Huang M, Li T, Wu Y, Lin K, Han J, Li X, Liu H, Wan Z, Li Z, Chen Z, Cui J, Luo Y, Huang M, Yu H, Lin J. Transcriptomic profile of RNA pseudouridine modification as a biomarker for cellular senescence associated with survival outcomes in colorectal cancer. BMC Biol 2025; 23:61. [PMID: 40016751 PMCID: PMC11866714 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-025-02170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered as an age-related disease, and cellular senescence (CS) plays a crucial role in cancer development and progression. Previous studies have shown the role of epigenetic changes in aging and cancer development, but the role of RNA pseudouridine (Ψ) modification in aging and cancer remains to be explored. RESULTS Using bulk RNA sequencing, CRC cells with low Ψ writers expression levels have higher CS levels. We developed the Psi Score for assessing the transcriptomic profile of RNA Ψ modification regulation and found that the Psi Score correlates with CS. Furthermore, Psi-related senescence may be mediated by mTOR, TGF-β, TNF-α, and inflammatory response signaling pathways. Meanwhile, Psi Score could predict the anti-cancer treatment outcomes of anti-aging interventions and could be used to predict the response to immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings reveal that RNA Ψ modification connected aging and cancer and provided novel insights into biomarker-guided cancer regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingguo Gan
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Ze Yuan
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingrong Weng
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Mingzhe Huang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Tuoyang Li
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Yuanhui Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Kaixin Lin
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Junyi Han
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Haotian Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Zixiao Wan
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziming Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghua Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Ji Cui
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yanxin Luo
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Meijin Huang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huichuan Yu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jinxin Lin
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Nan N, Liu Y, Yan Z, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang J, Qin G, Sang N. dilp2-Mediated Insulin Signaling Pathway Was Involved in O 3-Induced Multigenerational Effects of Shortened Lifespan in Drosophila melanogasters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2025; 59:2937-2947. [PMID: 39903660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
As a long-standing atmospheric pollutant, ozone (O3) exerts enduring effects on biological health. However, experimental research on its impact on organism lifespan and generational effects is limited. This study exposed three generations of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) to O3, revealing a shortened lifespan across generations. Specifically, after O3 exposure, the lifespan of the F2 generation was significantly reduced compared with F0 and F1 generations, indicating a cumulative multigenerational effect. Transcriptome analysis unveiled significant disruptions in metabolic pathways, notably the insulin signaling pathway. Subsequent qRT-PCR analysis showed elevated mRNA levels of insulin pathway-related genes (dilp2, dilp3, dilp5, InR, and TOR), alongside decreased expression levels of FOXO, 4E-BP, and Atg5 in flies exposed to O3. Notably, knocking down dilp2, rather than dilp3, dilp5, and InR, rescued the O3-induced lifespan shortening. Overall, O3 exposure triggered activation of the dilp2-mediated InR-FOXO/TOR-4E-BP-Atg5 signaling pathway, potentially contributing to shortened lifespan with cumulative effects. This study highlights the viability of employing fruit flies as a model to evaluate the multigenerational toxicity of environmental pollutants, particularly atmospheric pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Nan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yuntong Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shiya Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jianqin Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Guohua Qin
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Emerging Pollutant Identification and Risk Control, Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, PR China
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8
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Sorge S, Girard V, Lampe L, Tixier V, Weaver A, Higgins T, Gould AP. A Drosophila holidic diet optimized for growth and development. Dev Cell 2025:S1534-5807(25)00028-0. [PMID: 39909045 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2025.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 02/07/2025]
Abstract
Diets composed of chemically pure components (holidic diets) are useful for determining the metabolic roles of individual nutrients. For the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, existing holidic diets are unable to support the rapid growth characteristic of the larval stage. Here, we use a nutrient co-optimization strategy across more than 50 diet variants to design HolFast, a holidic medium tailored to fast larval growth and development. We identify dietary amino acid ratios optimal for developmental speed but show that they compromise survival unless vitamins and sterols are co-optimized. Rapid development on HolFast is not improved by adding fatty acids, but it is dependent upon their de novo synthesis in the fat body via fatty acid synthase (FASN). HolFast outperforms other holidic diets, supporting rates of growth and development close to those of yeast-based diets and, under germ-free conditions, identical. HolFast has wide applications in nutritional and metabolic studies of Drosophila development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Sorge
- Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Victor Girard
- Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Lena Lampe
- Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vanessa Tixier
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Alexandra Weaver
- Media Preparation, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Theresa Higgins
- Media Preparation, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alex P Gould
- Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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9
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Strilbytska OM, Semaniuk U, Yurkevych I, Berezovskyi V, Glovyak A, Gospodaryov DV, Bayliak MM, Lushchak O. 2,4-Dinitrophenol is toxic on a low caloric diet but extends lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster on nutrient-rich diets without an impact on metabolism. Biogerontology 2024; 26:27. [PMID: 39702849 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
Uncouplers of mitochondrial electron transport chain, such as 2,4-dinitrophehol (DNP), can mimic calorie restriction by decreasing efficiency of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. However, DNP is also a toxic substance, whose overdosage can be lethal. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster model, we have found that DNP in concentrations of 0.05-0.2 g/L, led to a drastic decrease in fruit fly survival on a low caloric diet (1% sucrose and 1% yeast; 1S-1Y). On the 5S-5Y diet, DNP decreased lifespan of flies reared only in concentration 0.2 g/L, whilst on the diet 15S-15Y DNP either did not significantly shortened fruit fly lifespan or extended it. The lifespan extension on the high caloric 15S-15Y diet with DNP was accompanied by lower activity of lactate dehydrogenase and a decrease in activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II, and V, determined by blue native electrophoresis followed by in-gel activity assays. The exposure to DNP also did not affect key glycolytic enzymes, antioxidant and related enzymes, and markers of oxidative stress, such as aconitase activity and amount protein carbonyls. Consumption of DNP-supplemented diet did not affect flies' resistance to heat stress, though made male flies slightly more resistant to starvation compared with males reared on the control food. We also did not observe substantial changes in the contents of metabolic stores, triacylglycerols and glycogen, in the DNP-treated flies. All this suggest that a nutrient-rich diets provide effective protection against DNP, providing a mild uncoupling of the respiratory chain that allows lifespan extension without considerable changes in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha M Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Uliana Semaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Ihor Yurkevych
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav Berezovskyi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Glovyak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro V Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Maria M Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
- Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
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10
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Chen J, Nouzová M, Noriega FG, Tatar M. Gut-to-brain regulation of Drosophila aging through neuropeptide F, insulin, and juvenile hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2411987121. [PMID: 39413128 PMCID: PMC11513968 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2411987121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) slows aging in many animals, while in some cases, the sensory signals from diet alone are sufficient to retard or accelerate lifespan. The digestive tract is a candidate location to sense nutrients, where neuropeptides secreted by enteroendocrine cells (EEC) produce systemic signals in response to food. Here, we measure how Drosophila neuropeptide F (NPF) is secreted into adult circulation by EEC and find that specific EEC differentially respond to dietary sugar and yeast. Female lifespan is increased when gut NPF is genetically depleted, and this manipulation is sufficient to blunt the longevity benefit conferred by DR. Depletion of NPF receptors at insulin-producing neurons of the brain also increases female lifespan, consistent with observations where loss of gut NPF decreases neuronal insulin secretion. The longevity conferred by repressing gut NPF and brain NPF receptors is reversed by treating adults with a juvenile hormone (JH) analog. JH is produced by the adult corpora allata, and inhibition of the insulin receptor at this tissue decreases JH titer and extends lifespan in both males and females, while this longevity is restored to wild type by treating adults with a JH analog. Overall, EEC of the gut modulate Drosophila aging through interorgan communication mediated by a gut-brain-corpora allata axis, and insulin produced in the brain impacts lifespan through its control of JH titer. These data suggest that we consider how human incretins and their analogs, which are used to treat obesity and diabetes, may impact aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtian Chen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI02912
| | - Marcela Nouzová
- Institute of Parasitology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Mosquitoes, Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice37005, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando G. Noriega
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199
- Department of Parasitology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice37005, Czech Republic
| | - Marc Tatar
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI02912
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11
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Damschroder D, Sun J, McDonald KO, Buttitta L. Cell cycle re-entry in the aging Drosophila brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.26.609689. [PMID: 39253469 PMCID: PMC11383271 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.26.609689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
The brain is an organ comprised mostly of long-lived, quiescent cells that perform vital functions throughout an animal's life. Due to the brain's limited regenerative ability, these long-lived cells must engage unique mechanisms to cope with accumulated damage over time. We have shown that a subset of differentiated neuronal and glial cells in the fruit fly brain become polyploid during adulthood. Cell cycle re-entry in the brain has previously been associated with neurodegeneration, but there may be a more complex relationship between polyploidy and cell fitness in the brain. Here, we examine how known lifespan modifiers influence the accumulation of polyploidy in the aging fly brain. Flies aged at a low temperature, or with a low protein diet, accumulate polyploid cells in the brain more slowly than expected if this phenotype were solely regulated by lifespan mechanisms. Despite the slower accumulation of polyploid cells, animals under conditions that extend lifespan eventually reach similar levels of polyploidy in the brain as controls. Our work suggests known lifespan modifiers can influence the timing of cell cycle re-entry in the adult brain, indicating there is a flexible window of cell cycle plasticity in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Sun
- University of Michigan, MCDB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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12
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Chen J, Nouzova M, Noriega FG, Tatar M. Gut-to-brain regulation of Drosophila aging through neuropeptide F, insulin and juvenile hormone. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.26.600832. [PMID: 38979180 PMCID: PMC11230353 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.26.600832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Dietary restriction slows aging in many animals, while in some cases the sensory signals from diet alone are sufficient to retard or accelerate lifespan. The digestive tract is a candidate location to sense nutrients, where neuropeptides secreted by enteroendocrine cells (EEC) produce systemic signals in response to food. Here we measure how Drosophila neuropeptide F (NPF) is secreted into adult circulation by enteroendocrine cells and find that specific enteroendocrine cells differentially respond to dietary sugar and yeast. Lifespan is increased when gut NPF is genetically depleted, and this manipulation is sufficient to blunt the longevity benefit conferred by dietary restriction. Depletion of NPF receptors at insulin producing neurons of the brain also increases lifespan, consistent with observations where loss of gut NPF decreases neuronal insulin secretion. The longevity conferred by repressing gut NPF and brain NPF receptors is reversed by treating adults with a juvenile hormone (JH) analog. JH is produced by the adult corpora allata, and inhibition of the insulin receptor at this tissue decreases JH titer and extends lifespan, while this longevity is restored to wild type by treating adults with a JH analog. Overall, enteroendocrine cells of the gut modulate Drosophila aging through interorgan communication mediated by a gut-brain-corpora allata axis, and insulin produced in the brain impacts lifespan through its control of JH titer. These data suggest that we should consider how human incretins and their analogs, which are used to treat obesity and diabetes, may impact aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtian Chen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Marcela Nouzova
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic, 37005
| | - Fernando G. Noriega
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
- Department of Parasitology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 37005 Czech Republic
| | - Marc Tatar
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
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13
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Jans K, Lüersen K, von Frieling J, Roeder T, Rimbach G. Dietary sucrose determines the regulatory activity of lithium on gene expression and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:9309-9333. [PMID: 38862239 PMCID: PMC11210232 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The amount of dietary sugars and the administration of lithium both impact the lifespan of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. It is noteworthy that lithium is attributed with insulin-like activity as it stimulates protein kinase B/Akt and suppresses the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). However, its interaction with dietary sugar has largely remained unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the effects of lithium supplementation on known lithium-sensitive parameters in fruit flies, such as lifespan, body composition, GSK-3 phosphorylation, and the transcriptome, while varying the dietary sugar concentration. For all these parameters, we observed that the efficacy of lithium was significantly influenced by the sucrose content in the diet. Overall, we found that lithium was most effective in enhancing longevity and altering body composition when added to a low-sucrose diet. Whole-body RNA sequencing revealed a remarkably similar transcriptional response when either increasing dietary sucrose from 1% to 10% or adding 1 mM LiCl to a 1% sucrose diet, characterized by a substantial overlap of nearly 500 differentially expressed genes. Hence, dietary sugar supply is suggested as a key factor in understanding lithium bioactivity, which could hold relevance for its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Jans
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel D-24118, Germany
| | - Kai Lüersen
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel D-24118, Germany
| | - Jakob von Frieling
- Division of Molecular Physiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Kiel, Kiel D-24118, Germany
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Division of Molecular Physiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Kiel, Kiel D-24118, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel D-24118, Germany
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14
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Austad SN, Smith JR, Hoffman JM. Amino acid restriction, aging, and longevity: an update. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1393216. [PMID: 38757144 PMCID: PMC11096585 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1393216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Various so-called dietary restriction paradigms have shown promise for extending health and life. All such paradigms rely on ad libitum (hereafter ad lib) feeding, something virtually never employed in animals whose long-term health we value, either as a control or, except for food restriction itself, for both control and treatment arms of the experiment. Even though the mechanism(s) remain only vaguely understood, compared to ad lib-fed animals a host of dietary manipulations, including calorie restriction, low protein, methionine, branched-chain amino acids, and even low isoleucine have demonstrable health benefits in laboratory species in a standard laboratory environment. The remaining challenge is to determine whether these health benefits remain in more realistic environments and how they interact with other health enhancing treatments such as exercise or emerging geroprotective drugs. Here we review the current state of the field of amino acid restriction on longevity of animal models and evaluate its translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. N. Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - J. R. Smith
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - J. M. Hoffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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15
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Strilbytska O, Yurkevych I, Semaniuk U, Gospodaryov D, Simpson SJ, Lushchak O. Life-History Trade-Offs in Drosophila: Flies Select a Diet to Maximize Reproduction at the Expense of Lifespan. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae057. [PMID: 38422395 PMCID: PMC11491752 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Macronutrient intake impacts physiology, behavior, and gene expression in a wide range of organisms. We used the response surface methodology to compare how life history traits, lifespan, and reproduction differ as a function of protein and carbohydrate intakes under choice and no-choice feeding regimens in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We found that when offered a choice of nutritionally complementary foods mated female flies regulated toward a protein to carbohydrate ratio (P:C) that was associated with shortened lifespan and maximal egg production when compared to response surfaces derived from flies fed 1 of a range of fixed diets differing in P:C (no-choice regimen). This difference in lifespan between choice and no-choice feeding was not seen in males or virgin flies, reflecting the fact that increased protein intake is triggered by mating to support egg production. However, whereas in mated females a higher P:C intake was associated with greater egg production under both choice and no-choice feeding, contrary to expectations, choice-fed mated flies laid fewer eggs than no-choice flies on equivalent macronutrient intakes, perhaps reflecting that they had to ingest twice the volume of food to attain an equivalent intake of nutrients than no-choice flies on a diet of equivalent P:C ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Ihor Yurkevych
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Uliana Semaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | | | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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16
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Demianchuk O, Lylyk M, Balatskiy V, Gospodaryov D, Bayliak M. Alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation in long-lived Drosophila melanogaster: Impact on lifespan and metabolic responses. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 116:e22116. [PMID: 38739777 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Studies on antiaging remedies in insect models sometimes show discrepancies in results. These discrepancies could be explained by different responses of short- and long-lived strains on the antiaging remedies. The purpose of the study was to test whether life-prolonging effects of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), observed in nematodes and fruit flies, would be reproduced in long-lived Drosophila melanogaster flies. Lifespan was assayed in flies kept in demographic cages. Fecundity, proportion of flies capable of negative geotaxis, starvation resistance, time of heat coma onset, levels of triacyglycerols, body glucose, glycogen, activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, lactate, and glutamate dehydrogenases were assessed. Dietary AKG did not affect fly lifespan on the diet with 5% yeast and 5% sucrose (5Y:5S) and on the diet with 9% yeast and 1% sucrose (9Y:1S), but increased lifespan on the low-protein diet (1Y:9S). Twenty-five-day-old female flies fed a 5Y:5S diet with 10 mM AKG for 3 weeks, did not differ from the control group (without AKG) in climbing activity, resistance to heat stress, and starvation. The levels of glucose and glycogen were unaffected but the levels of triacylglycerols were lower in AKG-fed female flies. No differences in activities of glycolytic enzymes, NADPH-producing enzymes, glutamate dehydrogenase, oxygen consumption, and levels of oxidative stress markers were observed between the control and AKG-fed flies. However, AKG-fed flies had lower activities of catalase and glutathione-S-transferase. These results suggest that potential antiaging remedies, such as AKG, may not extend lifespan in long-living organisms despite influencing several metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Demianchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Maria Lylyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Vitalii Balatskiy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Maria Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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17
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Brandhorst S, Longo VD. Exploring juventology: unlocking the secrets of youthspan and longevity programs. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1379289. [PMID: 38638872 PMCID: PMC11024265 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1379289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the study of biological aging has evolved from simplistic theories like the free radical theory to more complex and nuanced perspectives. In particular, the identification of evolutionary conserved genes and signaling pathways that can modulate both lifespan but also healthspan has resulted in the expanding understanding of the link between nutrients, signal transduction proteins, and aging along with substantial support for the existence of multiple "longevity programs," which are activated based on the availability of nutrients. Periodic fasting and other dietary restrictions can promote entry into a longevity program characterized by cellular protection and optimized function, and the activation of regenerative processes that lead to rejuvenation. This review discusses the idea of juventology, a novel field proposing the existence of longevity programs that can maintain organisms in a highly functional state for extended periods of time. Drawing upon research on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other model organisms, the review explores the distinctiveness of juventology from traditional aging-centered views. The focus on the "age of youth" challenges conventional thinking and opens new avenues for understanding and extending the period of peak functionality in organisms. Thus, a "juventology"-based strategy can complement the traditional gerontology approach by focusing not on aging but on the longevity program affecting the life history period in which mortality is very low and organisms remain youthful, healthy, and fully functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brandhorst
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Longevity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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18
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Park YJ, Lu TC, Jackson T, Goodman LD, Ran L, Chen J, Liang CY, Harrison E, Ko C, Hsu AL, Yamamoto S, Qi Y, Bellen HJ, Li H. Whole organism snRNA-seq reveals systemic peripheral changes in Alzheimer's Disease fly models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.10.584317. [PMID: 38559164 PMCID: PMC10979927 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.10.584317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral tissues become disrupted in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, a comprehensive understanding of how the expression of AD-associated toxic proteins, Aβ42 and Tau, in neurons impacts the periphery is lacking. Using Drosophila, a prime model organism for studying aging and neurodegeneration, we generated the Alzheimer's Disease Fly Cell Atlas (AD-FCA): whole-organism single-nucleus transcriptomes of 219 cell types from adult flies neuronally expressing human Aβ42 or Tau. In-depth analyses and functional data reveal impacts on peripheral sensory neurons by Aβ42 and on various non-neuronal peripheral tissues by Tau, including the gut, fat body, and reproductive system. This novel AD atlas provides valuable insights into potential biomarkers and the intricate interplay between the nervous system and peripheral tissues in response to AD-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Jin Park
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tyler Jackson
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Cancer Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lindsey D Goodman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lindsey Ran
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiaye Chen
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chung-Yi Liang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Erin Harrison
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christina Ko
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ao-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 28109, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hongjie Li
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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19
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Pfefferkorn RM, Mortzfeld BM, Fink C, von Frieling J, Bossen J, Esser D, Kaleta C, Rosenstiel P, Heine H, Roeder T. Recurrent Phases of Strict Protein Limitation Inhibit Tumor Growth and Restore Lifespan in A Drosophila Intestinal Cancer Model. Aging Dis 2024; 15:226-244. [PMID: 37962464 PMCID: PMC10796089 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets that restrict caloric or protein intake offer a variety of benefits, including decreasing the incidence of cancer. However, whether such diets pose a substantial therapeutic benefit as auxiliary cancer treatments remains unclear. We determined the effects of severe protein depletion on tumorigenesis in a Drosophila melanogaster intestinal tumor model, using a human RAF gain-of-function allele. Severe and continuous protein restriction significantly reduced tumor growth but resulted in premature death. Therefore, we developed a diet in which short periods of severe protein restriction alternated cyclically with periods of complete feeding. This nutritional regime reduced tumor mass, restored gut functionality, and rescued the lifespan of oncogene-expressing flies to the levels observed in healthy flies on a continuous, fully nutritious diet. Furthermore, this diet reduced the chemotherapy-induced stem cell activity associated with tumor recurrence. Transcriptome analysis revealed long-lasting changes in the expression of key genes involved in multiple major developmental signaling pathways. Overall, the data suggest that recurrent severe protein depletion effectively mimics the health benefits of continuous protein restriction, without undesired nutritional shortcomings. This provides seminal insights into the mechanisms of the memory effect required to maintain the positive effects of protein restriction throughout the phases of a full diet. Finally, the repetitive form of strict protein restriction is an ideal strategy for adjuvant cancer therapy that is useful in many tumor contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana M. Pfefferkorn
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Benedikt M. Mortzfeld
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Christine Fink
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Jakob von Frieling
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Judith Bossen
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Daniela Esser
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Christoph Kaleta
- Department Medical Systems Biology, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Germany.
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Department Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Germany.
| | - Holger Heine
- Division of Innate Immunity, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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20
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Qian Q, Niwa R. Endocrine Regulation of Aging in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster. Zoolog Sci 2024; 41:4-13. [PMID: 38587512 DOI: 10.2108/zs230056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed increasing research clarifying the role of endocrine signaling in the regulation of aging in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Studies using the model organism fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have largely advanced our understanding of evolutionarily conserved mechanisms in the endocrinology of aging and anti-aging. Mutations in single genes involved in endocrine signaling modify lifespan, as do alterations of endocrine signaling in a tissue- or cell-specific manner, highlighting a central role of endocrine signaling in coordinating the crosstalk between tissues and cells to determine the pace of aging. Here, we review the current landscape of research in D. melanogaster that offers valuable insights into the endocrine-governed mechanisms which influence lifespan and age-related physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Qian
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Niwa
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan,
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21
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Narayan VP, Wasana N, Wilson AJ, Chenoweth SF. Misalignment of plastic and evolutionary responses of lifespan to novel carbohydrate diets. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231732. [PMID: 38234441 PMCID: PMC10791524 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Diet elicits varied effects on longevity across a wide range of animal species where dietary discordance between an organisms' evolutionary and developmental dietary history is increasingly recognized to play a critical role in shaping lifespan. However, whether such changes, predominantly assessed in a single generation, lead to evolutionary shifts in lifespan remains unclear. In this study, we used an experimental evolution approach to test whether changes in an organisms' evolutionary and developmental dietary history, specifically carbohydrate content, causes lifespan evolution in Drosophila serrata. After 30 generations, we investigated the evolutionary potential of lifespan in response to four novel diets that varied systematically in their ratio of carbohydrate-protein content. We also examined developmental plasticity effects using a set of control populations that were raised on the four novel environments allowing us to assess the extent to which plastic responses of lifespan mirrored adaptive responses observed following experimental evolution. Both high- and low-carbohydrate diets elicited plastic effects on lifespan; however, the plastic responses for lifespan to developmental diets bore little resemblance to the evolved responses on evolutionary diets. Understanding the dietary conditions regulating the match/mismatch of plastic and evolved responses will be important in determining whether a particular match/mismatch combination is adaptive for lifespan. While the differences in evolutionary diet by developmental diet interactions are only beginning to be elucidated, this study lays the foundation for future investigations of carbohydrate contributions to evolved and plastic effects on health and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram P. Narayan
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Nidarshani Wasana
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alastair J. Wilson
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Stephen F. Chenoweth
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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22
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Das SK, Silver RE, Senior A, Gilhooly CH, Bhapkar M, Le Couteur D. Diet composition, adherence to calorie restriction, and cardiometabolic disease risk modification. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14018. [PMID: 37873687 PMCID: PMC10726801 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is a promising approach for attenuating the risk of age-related disease. However, the role of diet composition on adherence to CR and the effects of CR on cardiometabolic markers of healthspan remains unknown. We used the Geometric Framework for Nutrition approach to examine the association between macronutrient composition and CR adherence during the 2-year CALERIE trial. Adult participants without obesity were randomized to a 25% CR intervention or an ad libitum intake control. Correlations of cardiometabolic risk factors with macronutrient composition and standard dietary pattern indices [Alternate Mediterranean Diet Index (aMED), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)] were also evaluated by Spearman's correlation at each time point. The mean age was 38.1 ± 7.2 years at baseline and the mean BMI was 25.1 ± 1.7. The study population was 70% female. The CR group, but not the control, consumed a higher percentage reported energy intake from protein and carbohydrate and lower fat at 12 months compared to baseline; comparable results were observed at 24 months. Protein in the background of higher carbohydrate intake was associated with greater adherence at 24 months. There was no correlation between macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in the CR group. However, statistically significant correlations were observed for the DII and HEI. These findings suggest that individual self-selected macronutrients have an interactive but not independent role in CR adherence. Additional research is required to examine the impact of varying macronutrient compositions on adherence to CR and resultant modification to cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rachel E. Silver
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alistair Senior
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Precision Data Science CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Cheryl H. Gilhooly
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Manjushri Bhapkar
- Duke Clinical Research InstituteDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - David Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Centre for Education and Research on AgeingConcord RG HospitalConcordNew South WalesAustralia
- ANZAC Research InstituteSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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23
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Yu G, Liu S, Yang K, Wu Q. Reproductive-dependent effects of B vitamin deficiency on lifespan and physiology. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1277715. [PMID: 37941770 PMCID: PMC10627837 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1277715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
B vitamins constitute essential micronutrients in animal organisms, executing crucial roles in numerous biological processes. B vitamin deficiency can result in severe health consequences, including the impairment of reproductive functions and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases. However, the understanding of how reproduction alters the requirements of each individual B vitamins for healthy aging and lifespan remains limited. Here, utilizing Drosophila as a model organism, we revealed the substantial impacts of deficiencies in specific B vitamins on lifespan and diverse physiological functions, with the effects being significantly shaped by reproductive status. Notably, the dietary absence of VB1, VB3, VB5, VB6, or VB7 significantly decreased the lifespan of wild-type females, yet demonstrated relatively little effect on ovoD1 infertile mutant females' lifespan. B vitamin deficiencies also resulted in distinct impacts on the reproduction, starvation tolerance and fat metabolism of wild-type females, though no apparent effects were observed in the infertile mutant females. Moreover, a deficiency in VB1 reshaped the impacts of macronutrient intervention on the physiology and lifespan of fertile females in a reproductive-dependent manner. Overall, our study unravels that the reproductive status of females serves as a critical modulator of the lifespan and physiological alterations elicited by B-vitamin deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Yu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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24
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Lin YC, Zhang M, Chang YJ, Kuo TH. Comparisons of lifespan and stress resistance between sexes in Drosophila melanogaster. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18178. [PMID: 37576293 PMCID: PMC10415617 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals exhibit different extents of sexual dimorphism in a variety of phenotypes. Sex differences in longevity, one of the most complex life history traits, have also been reported. Although lifespan regulation has been studied extensively in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, the sex differences in lifespan have not been consistent in previous studies. To explore this issue, we revisited this question by examining the lifespan and stress resistance of both sexes among 15 inbred strains. We first found positive correlations between males and females from the same strain in terms of lifespan and resistance to starvation and desiccation stress. Although the lifespan difference between male and female flies varied greatly depending on the strain, males across all strains collectively had a longer lifespan. In contrast, females showed better resistance to starvation and desiccation stress. We also observed greater variation in lifespan and resistance to starvation and desiccation stress in females. Unexpectedly, there was no notable correlation observed between lifespan and the three types of stress resistance in either males or females. Overall, our study provides new data regarding sexual dimorphism in fly lifespan and stress resistance; this information may promote the investigation of mechanisms underlying longevity in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiao Lin
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - MingYang Zhang
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Tsung-Han Kuo
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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25
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Gao Y, Cheng X, Tian Y, Yuan Z, Fan X, Yang D, Yang M. Nutritional Programming of the Lifespan of Male Drosophila by Activating FOXO on Larval Low-Nutrient Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081840. [PMID: 37111059 PMCID: PMC10142539 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition during the developmental stages has long-term effects on adult physiology, disease and lifespan, and is termed nutritional programming. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of nutritional programming are not yet well understood. In this study, we showed that developmental diets could regulate the lifespan of adult Drosophila in a way that interacts with various adult diets during development and adulthood. Importantly, we demonstrated that a developmental low-yeast diet (0.2SY) extended both the health span and lifespan of male flies under nutrient-replete conditions in adulthood through nutritional programming. Males with a low-yeast diets during developmental stages had a better resistance to starvation and lessened decline of climbing ability with age in adulthood. Critically, we revealed that the activity of the Drosophila transcription factor FOXO (dFOXO) was upregulated in adult males under developmental low-nutrient conditions. The knockdown of dFOXO, with both ubiquitous and fat-body-specific patterns, can completely abolish the lifespan-extending effect from the larval low-yeast diet. Ultimately, we identify that the developmental diet achieved the nutritional programming of the lifespan of adult males by modulating the activity of dFOXO in Drosophila. Together, these results provide molecular evidence that the nutrition in the early life of animals could program the health of their later life and their longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xingyi Cheng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhixiao Yuan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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26
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Guo S, Zhang S, Zhuang Y, Xie F, Wang R, Kong X, Zhang Q, Feng Y, Gao H, Kong X, Liu T. Muscle PARP1 inhibition extends lifespan through AMPKα PARylation and activation in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2213857120. [PMID: 36947517 PMCID: PMC10068811 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2213857120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) has been reported to play an important role in longevity. Here, we showed that the knockdown of the PARP1 extended the lifespan of Drosophila, with particular emphasis on the skeletal muscle. The muscle-specific mutant Drosophila exhibited resistance to starvation and oxidative stress, as well as an increased ability to climb, with enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and activity at an older age. Mechanistically, the inhibition of PARP1 increases the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and mitochondrial turnover. PARP1 could interact with AMPKα and then regulate it via poly(ADP ribosyl)ation (PARylation) at residues E155 and E195. Double knockdown of PARP1 and AMPKα, specifically in muscle, could counteract the effects of PARP1 inhibition in Drosophila. Finally, we showed that increasing lifespan via maintaining mitochondrial network homeostasis required intact PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1). Taken together, these data indicate that the interplay between PARP1 and AMPKα can manipulate mitochondrial turnover, and be targeted to promote longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yixiao Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Famin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Ruwen Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xingyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Qiongyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Yonghao Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, China
| | - Huanqing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Xingxing Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Tiemin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia010021, China
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27
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Lin YC, Zhang M, Wang SH, Chieh CW, Shen PY, Chen YL, Chang YC, Kuo TH. The deleterious effects of old social partners on Drosophila lifespan and stress resistance. NPJ AGING 2022; 8:1. [PMID: 35927252 PMCID: PMC9158773 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-022-00081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions play important roles in the modulation of behavior, physiology, and, potentially, lifespan. Although longevity has been studied extensively in different model organisms, due to the complexity of social environments, the social modulation of aging remains poorly investigated. The present study used the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, as a model to study lifespan and stress resistance under different social conditions. Our experiments first showed that social isolation increased fly lifespan, suggesting a potential deleterious effect of social companions. Furthermore, we exposed flies to different aged social partners and found that living with old animals significantly reduced lifespan and stress resistance in young animals. In contrast, living with young animals increased old animal lifespan, although the effects were less robust. Overall, our results suggest that while social interaction can influence fly health, specific social partners may have more pronounced effects than others. This study provides new evidence that different social environments have significant impacts on animal physiology and longevity.
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28
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Arias-Rojas A, Iatsenko I. The Role of Microbiota in Drosophila melanogaster Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:909509. [PMID: 35821860 PMCID: PMC9261426 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.909509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbial communities participate in essential aspects of host biology, including nutrient acquisition, development, immunity, and metabolism. During host aging, dramatic shifts occur in the composition, abundance, and function of the gut microbiota. Although such changes in the microbiota are conserved across species, most studies remain descriptive and at most suggest a correlation between age-related pathology and particular microbes. Therefore, the causal role of the microbiota in host aging has remained a challenging question, in part due to the complexity of the mammalian intestinal microbiota, most of which is not cultivable or genetically amenable. Here, we summarize recent studies in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster that have substantially progressed our understanding at the mechanistic level of how gut microbes can modulate host aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Iatsenko
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Gautrey SL, Simons MJP. Amino acid availability is not essential for lifespan extension by dietary restriction in the fly. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:2181-2185. [PMID: 35486979 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is one of the most potent ways to extend health- and lifespan. Key progress in understanding the mechanisms of DR, and ageing more generally, was made when dietary protein, and more specifically essential amino acids (EAA), were identified as the dietary component to restrict to obtain DR's health and lifespan benefits. This role of dietary amino acids has influenced work on ageing mechanisms, especially in nutrient sensing, e.g. Tor and insulin(-like) signalling networks. Experimental biology in Drosophila melanogaster has been instrumental in generating and confirming the hypothesis that EAA availability is important in ageing. Here, we expand on previous work testing the involvement of EAA in DR through large scale (N=6,238) supplementation experiments across four diets and two genotypes in female flies. Surprisingly, we find that EAA are not essential to DR's lifespan benefits. Importantly, we do identify the fecundity benefits of EAA supplementation suggesting the supplemented EAA were bioavailable. Furthermore, we find that the effects of amino acids on lifespan vary by diet and genetic line studied and that at our most restricted diet fecundity is constrained by other nutrients than EAA. We suggest that DR for optimal health is a concert of nutritional effects, orchestrated by genetic, dietary and other environmental interactions. Our results question the universal importance of amino acid availability in the biology of ageing and DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Gautrey
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mirre J P Simons
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
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30
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Aging-Related Variation of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Wild Type and Variant Drosophila melanogaster. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:152-164. [PMID: 35022940 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The cuticle of all insects is covered with hydrocarbons which have multiple functions. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) basically serve to protect insects against environmental harm and reduce dehydration. In many species, some CHCs also act as pheromones. CHCs have been intensively studied in Drosophila species and more especially in D. melanogaster. In this species, flies produce about 40 CHCs forming a complex sex- and species-specific bouquet. The quantitative and qualitative pattern of the CHC bouquet was characterized during the first days of adult life but remains unexplored in aging flies. Here, we characterized CHCs during the whole-or a large period of-adult life in males and females of several wild type and transgenic lines. Both types of lines included standard and variant CHC profiles. Some of the genotypes tested here showed very dramatic and unexpected aging-related variation based on their early days' profile. This study provides a concrete dataset to better understand the mechanisms underlying the establishment and maintenance of CHCs on the fly cuticle. It could be useful to determine physiological parameters, including age and response to climate variation, in insects collected in the wild.
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Fan S, Lin C, Wei Y, Yeh S, Tsai Y, Lee AC, Lin W, Wang P. Dietary citrate supplementation enhances longevity, metabolic health, and memory performance through promoting ketogenesis. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13510. [PMID: 34719871 PMCID: PMC8672782 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrate is an essential substrate for energy metabolism that plays critical roles in regulating cell growth and survival. However, the action of citrate in regulating metabolism, cognition, and aging at the organismal level remains poorly understood. Here, we report that dietary supplementation with citrate significantly reduces energy status and extends lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster. Our genetic studies in fruit flies implicate a molecular mechanism associated with AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), target of rapamycin (TOR), and ketogenesis. Mice fed a high‐fat diet that supplemented with citrate or the ketone body β‐hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) also display improved metabolic health and memory. These results suggest that dietary citrate supplementation may prove to be a useful intervention in the future treatment of age‐related dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou‐Zen Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology National Taiwan University Hospital National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Sheng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Wen Wei
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Rong Yeh
- Department of Anesthesiology National Taiwan University Hospital National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsuan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Andrew Chengyu Lee
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Sheng Lin
- Department of Pediatrics Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
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Maslov DL, Zemskaya NV, Trifonova OP, Lichtenberg S, Balashova EE, Lisitsa AV, Moskalev AA, Lokhov PG. Comparative Metabolomic Study of Drosophila Species with Different Lifespans. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312873. [PMID: 34884677 PMCID: PMC8657752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy, leading to a rise in the proportion of older people, is accompanied by a prevalence of age-related disorders among the world population, the fight against which today is one of the leading biomedical challenges. Exploring the biological insights concerning the lifespan is one of the ways to provide a background for designing an effective treatment for the increase in healthy years of life. Untargeted direct injection mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling of 12 species of Drosophila with significant variations in natural lifespans was conducted in this research. A cross-comparison study of metabolomic profiles revealed lifespan signatures of flies. These signatures indicate that lifespan extension is associated with the upregulation of amino acids, phospholipids, and carbohydrate metabolism. Such information provides a metabolome-level view on longevity and may provide a molecular measure of organism age in age-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry L. Maslov
- Analytical Branch, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.T.); (S.L.); (E.E.B.); (A.V.L.); (P.G.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-246-6980
| | - Nadezhda V. Zemskaya
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Komi Science Center, Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (N.V.Z.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Oxana P. Trifonova
- Analytical Branch, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.T.); (S.L.); (E.E.B.); (A.V.L.); (P.G.L.)
| | - Steven Lichtenberg
- Analytical Branch, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.T.); (S.L.); (E.E.B.); (A.V.L.); (P.G.L.)
- Metabometrics Inc., 651 N Broad Street, Suite 205 #1370, Middletown, DE 19709, USA
| | - Elena E. Balashova
- Analytical Branch, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.T.); (S.L.); (E.E.B.); (A.V.L.); (P.G.L.)
| | - Andrey V. Lisitsa
- Analytical Branch, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.T.); (S.L.); (E.E.B.); (A.V.L.); (P.G.L.)
| | - Alexey A. Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Komi Science Center, Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (N.V.Z.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Petr G. Lokhov
- Analytical Branch, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.T.); (S.L.); (E.E.B.); (A.V.L.); (P.G.L.)
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Drosophila melanogaster as a Model Organism to Study Lithium and Boron Bioactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111710. [PMID: 34769143 PMCID: PMC8584156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has become a valuable model organism in nutritional science, which can be applied to elucidate the physiology and the biological function of nutrients, including trace elements. Importantly, the application of chemically defined diets enables the supply of trace elements for nutritional studies under highly standardized dietary conditions. Thus, the bioavailability and bioactivity of trace elements can be systematically monitored in D. melanogaster. Numerous studies have already revealed that central aspects of trace element homeostasis are evolutionary conserved among the fruit fly and mammalian species. While there is sufficient evidence of vital functions of boron (B) in plants, there is also evidence regarding its bioactivity in animals and humans. Lithium (Li) is well known for its role in the therapy of bipolar disorder. Furthermore, recent findings suggest beneficial effects of Li regarding neuroprotection as well as healthy ageing and longevity in D. melanogaster. However, no specific essential function in the animal kingdom has been found for either of the two elements so far. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of Li and B bioactivity in D. melanogaster in the context of health and disease prevention.
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Abstract
Aging has provided fruitful challenges for evolutionary theory, and evolutionary theory has deepened our understanding of aging. A great deal of genetic and molecular data now exists concerning mortality regulation and there is a growing body of knowledge concerning the life histories of diverse species. Assimilating all relevant data into a framework for the evolution of aging promises to significantly advance the field. We propose extensions of some key concepts to provide greater precision when applying these concepts to age-structured contexts. Secondary or byproduct effects of mutations are proposed as an important factor affecting survival patterns, including effects that may operate in small populations subject to genetic drift, widening the possibilities for mutation accumulation and pleiotropy. Molecular and genetic studies have indicated a diverse array of mechanisms that can modify aging and mortality rates, while transcriptome data indicate a high level of tissue and species specificity for genes affected by aging. The diversity of mechanisms and gene effects that can contribute to the pattern of aging in different organisms may mirror the complex evolutionary processes behind aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Frankel
- Biology Department, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Blanka Rogina
- Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
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Hoffman JM, Dudeck SK, Patterson HK, Austad SN. Sex, mating and repeatability of Drosophila melanogaster longevity. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210273. [PMID: 34457337 PMCID: PMC8371361 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Costs of reproduction are seemingly ubiquitous across the animal kingdom, and these reproductive costs are generally defined by increased reproduction leading to decreases in other fitness components, often longevity. However, some recent reports question whether reproductive costs exist in every species or population. To provide insight on this issue, we sought to determine the extent to which genetic variation might play a role in one type of reproductive cost-survival-using Drosophila melanogaster. We found, surprisingly, no costs of reproduction nor sex differences in longevity across all 15 genetic backgrounds in two cohorts. We did find significant variation within some genotypes, though these were much smaller than expected. We also observed that small laboratory changes lead to significant changes in longevity within genotypes, suggesting that longevity repeatability in flies may be difficult. We finally compared our results to previously published longevities and found that reproducibility is similar to what we saw in our own laboratory, further suggesting that stochasticity is a strong component of fruit fly lifespan. Overall, our results suggest that there are still large gaps in our knowledge about the effects of sex and mating, as well as genetic background and laboratory conditions on lifespan reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Hoffman
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Steven N. Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Austad SN, Hoffman JM. Beyond calorie restriction: aging as a biological target for nutrient therapies. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 70:56-60. [PMID: 33360494 PMCID: PMC8219814 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Arguably, the most important discovery in the biology of aging to date was that simply reducing food intake extended life and improved many aspects of health in a diversity of animal species. The conventional wisdom that emerged from first 50 years of rodent food restriction studies included (1) that the longevity impact of restriction was greater the longer restriction was imposed, and (2) that restricting calories rather than any specific macronutrient was critical to its health and longevity benefits. However these assumptions began to crumble as more and more restriction research was performed on other species besides laboratory rodents. Recent investigations of flies, rodents, monkeys, and increasingly humans, has begun to parse how calorie restriction, protein restriction, intermittent fasting, and the temporal pattern of eating all impact the health benefits of food restriction. Fly research continues to inform, as it has repeatedly shown that genotype, age, sex, duration, and tempo restriction all affect the health impact. Ultimately, optimizing human diets will require a personalized approach using omics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven N Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Jessica M Hoffman
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Drosophila Corazonin Neurons as a Hub for Regulating Growth, Stress Responses, Ethanol-Related Behaviors, Copulation Persistence and Sexually Dimorphic Reward Pathways. J Dev Biol 2021; 9:jdb9030026. [PMID: 34287347 PMCID: PMC8293205 DOI: 10.3390/jdb9030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal mechanisms by which complex behaviors are coordinated and timed often involve neuropeptidergic regulation of stress and reward pathways. Recent studies of the neuropeptide Corazonin (Crz), a homolog of the mammalian Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH), have suggested its crucial role in the regulation of growth, internal states and behavioral decision making. We focus this review on Crz neurons with the goal to (1) highlight the diverse roles of Crz neuron function, including mechanisms that may be independent of the Crz peptide, (2) emphasize current gaps in knowledge about Crz neuron functions, and (3) propose exciting ideas of novel research directions involving the use of Crz neurons. We describe the different developmental fates of distinct subsets of Crz neurons, including recent findings elucidating the molecular regulation of apoptosis. Crz regulates systemic growth, food intake, stress responses and homeostasis by interacting with the short Neuropeptide F (sNPF) and the steroid hormone ecdysone. Additionally, activation of Crz neurons is shown to be pleasurable by interacting with the Neuropeptide F (NPF) and regulates reward processes such as ejaculation and ethanol-related behaviors in a sexually dimorphic manner. Crz neurons are proposed to be a motivational switch regulating copulation duration using a CaMKII-dependent mechanism described as the first neuronal interval timer lasting longer than a few seconds. Lastly, we propose ideas to use Crz neuron-induced ejaculation to study the effects of fictive mating and sex addiction in flies, as well as to elucidate dimorphic molecular mechanisms underlying reward behaviors and feeding disorders.
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38
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Liao S, Amcoff M, Nässel DR. Impact of high-fat diet on lifespan, metabolism, fecundity and behavioral senescence in Drosophila. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103495. [PMID: 33171202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Excess consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is likely to result in obesity and increases the predisposition to associated health disorders. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an important model to study the effects of HFD on metabolism, gut function, behavior, and ageing. In this study, we investigated the effects of HFD on physiology and behavior of female flies at different time-points over several weeks. We found that HFD decreases lifespan, and also with age leads to accelerated decline of climbing ability in both virgins and mated flies. In virgins HFD also increased sleep fragmentation with age. Furthermore, long-term exposure to HFD results in elevated adipokinetic hormone (AKH) transcript levels and an enlarged crop with increased lipid stores. We detected no long-term effects of HFD on body mass, or levels of triacylglycerides (TAG), glycogen or glucose, although fecundity was diminished. However, one week of HFD resulted in decreased body mass and elevated TAG levels in mated flies. Finally, we investigated the role of AKH in regulating effects of HFD during aging. Both with normal diet (ND) and HFD, Akh mutant flies displayed increased longevity compared to control flies. However, both mutants and controls showed shortened lifespan on HFD compared to ND. In flies exposed to ND, fecundity is decreased in Akh mutants compared to controls after one week, but increased after three weeks. However, HFD leads to a similar decrease in fecundity in both genotypes after both exposure times. Thus, long-term exposure to HFD increases AKH signaling, impairs lifespan and fecundity and augments age-related behavioral senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifang Liao
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mirjam Amcoff
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dick R Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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39
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Gaddy MA, Kuang S, Alfhili MA, Lee MH. The soma-germline communication: implications for somatic and reproductive aging. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33407997 PMCID: PMC8167245 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.5.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a functional decline in most physiological processes, including alterations in cellular metabolism and defense mechanisms. Increasing evidence suggests that caloric restriction extends longevity and retards age-related diseases at least in part by reducing metabolic rate and oxidative stress in a variety of species, including yeast, worms, flies, and mice. Moreover, recent studies in invertebrates – worms and flies, highlight the intricate interrelation between reproductive longevity and somatic aging (known as disposable soma theory of aging), which appears to be conserved in vertebrates. This review is specifically focused on how the reproductive system modulates somatic aging and vice versa in genetic model systems. Since many signaling pathways governing the aging process are evolutionarily conserved, similar mechanisms may be involved in controlling soma and reproductive aging in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Gaddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Swana Kuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Mohammad A. Alfhili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Myon Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
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40
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Mahishi D, Triphan T, Hesse R, Huetteroth W. The Panopticon-Assessing the Effect of Starvation on Prolonged Fly Activity and Place Preference. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:640146. [PMID: 33841109 PMCID: PMC8026880 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.640146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal behaviours are demonstrably governed by sensory stimulation, previous experience and internal states like hunger. With increasing hunger, priorities shift towards foraging and feeding. During foraging, flies are known to employ efficient path integration strategies. However, general long-term activity patterns for both hungry and satiated flies in conditions of foraging remain to be better understood. Similarly, little is known about how permanent contact chemosensory stimulation affects locomotion. To address these questions, we have developed a novel, simplistic fly activity tracking setup—the Panopticon. Using a 3D-printed Petri dish inset, our assay allows recording of walking behaviour, of several flies in parallel, with all arena surfaces covered by a uniform substrate layer. We tested two constellations of providing food: (i) in single patches and (ii) omnipresent within the substrate layer. Fly tracking is done with FIJI, further assessment, analysis and presentation is done with a custom-built MATLAB analysis framework. We find that starvation history leads to a long-lasting reduction in locomotion, as well as a delayed place preference for food patches which seems to be not driven by immediate hunger motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Mahishi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tilman Triphan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ricarda Hesse
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolf Huetteroth
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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41
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Zandawala M, Nguyen T, Balanyà Segura M, Johard HAD, Amcoff M, Wegener C, Paluzzi JP, Nässel DR. A neuroendocrine pathway modulating osmotic stress in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009425. [PMID: 33684132 PMCID: PMC7971876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors challenge the physiological homeostasis in animals, thereby evoking stress responses. Various mechanisms have evolved to counter stress at the organism level, including regulation by neuropeptides. In recent years, much progress has been made on the mechanisms and neuropeptides that regulate responses to metabolic/nutritional stress, as well as those involved in countering osmotic and ionic stresses. Here, we identified a peptidergic pathway that links these types of regulatory functions. We uncover the neuropeptide Corazonin (Crz), previously implicated in responses to metabolic stress, as a neuroendocrine factor that inhibits the release of a diuretic hormone, CAPA, and thereby modulates the tolerance to osmotic and ionic stress. Both knockdown of Crz and acute injections of Crz peptide impact desiccation tolerance and recovery from chill-coma. Mapping of the Crz receptor (CrzR) expression identified three pairs of Capa-expressing neurons (Va neurons) in the ventral nerve cord that mediate these effects of Crz. We show that Crz acts to restore water/ion homeostasis by inhibiting release of CAPA neuropeptides via inhibition of cAMP production in Va neurons. Knockdown of CrzR in Va neurons affects CAPA signaling, and consequently increases tolerance for desiccation, ionic stress and starvation, but delays chill-coma recovery. Optogenetic activation of Va neurons stimulates excretion and simultaneous activation of Crz and CAPA-expressing neurons reduces this response, supporting the inhibitory action of Crz. Thus, Crz inhibits Va neurons to maintain osmotic and ionic homeostasis, which in turn affects stress tolerance. Earlier work demonstrated that systemic Crz signaling restores nutrient levels by promoting food search and feeding. Here we additionally propose that Crz signaling also ensures osmotic homeostasis by inhibiting release of CAPA neuropeptides and suppressing diuresis. Thus, Crz ameliorates stress-associated physiology through systemic modulation of both peptidergic neurosecretory cells and the fat body in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meet Zandawala
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nguyen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marta Balanyà Segura
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Würzburg Insect Research (WIR), Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Mirjam Amcoff
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Wegener
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Würzburg Insect Research (WIR), Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Dick R Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lyu Y, Weaver KJ, Shaukat HA, Plumoff ML, Tjilos M, Promislow DE, Pletcher SD. Drosophila serotonin 2A receptor signaling coordinates central metabolic processes to modulate aging in response to nutrient choice. eLife 2021; 10:59399. [PMID: 33463526 PMCID: PMC7909950 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recognized for nearly a century that diet modulates aging. Despite early experiments suggesting that reduced caloric intake augmented lifespan, accumulating evidence indicates that other characteristics of the diet may be equally or more influential in modulating aging. We demonstrate that behavior, metabolism, and lifespan in Drosophila are affected by whether flies are provided a choice of different nutrients or a single, complete medium, largely independent of the amount of nutrients that are consumed. Meal choice elicits a rapid metabolic reprogramming that indicates a potentiation of TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism, which requires serotonin 2A receptor. Knockdown of glutamate dehydrogenase, a key TCA pathway component, abrogates the effect of dietary choice on lifespan. Our results reveal a mechanism of aging that applies in natural conditions, including our own, in which organisms continuously perceive and evaluate nutrient availability to promote fitness and well-being. The foods we eat can affect our lifespan, but it is also possible that thinking about food may have effects on our health. Choosing what to eat is one of the main ways we think about food, and most animals, including the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, choose their foods. The effects of these choices can affect health via a chemical in the brain called serotonin. This chemical interacts with proteins called serotonin 2A receptors in the brain, which then likely primes the body to process nutrients. To understand how serotonin affected the lifespan and health of fruit flies, Lyu et al. compared flies that were offered a single food to those that could choose between several foods. The flies that had a choice of foods lived shorter lives and produced more serotonin, but these effects were reversed when Lyu et al. limited the amount of a protein called glutamate dehydrogenase, which helps cells process nutrients. These results suggest that choosing what we eat can impact lifespan, ageing and health. Human and fly brains share many similarities, but human brain chemistry is more complex, as is our experience of food. This work demonstrates that food choices can affect lifespan. More research into this phenomenon may shed further light onto how our thoughts and decision-making impact our health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lyu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Geriatrics Center, Biomedical Sciences and Research Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Kristina J Weaver
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Geriatrics Center, Biomedical Sciences and Research Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Humza A Shaukat
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Marta L Plumoff
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Maria Tjilos
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Daniel El Promislow
- Department of Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Scott D Pletcher
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Geriatrics Center, Biomedical Sciences and Research Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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43
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Targeting metabolic pathways for extension of lifespan and healthspan across multiple species. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101188. [PMID: 33031925 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism plays a significant role in the regulation of aging at different levels, and metabolic reprogramming represents a major driving force in aging. Metabolic reprogramming leads to impaired organismal fitness, an age-dependent increase in susceptibility to diseases, decreased ability to mount a stress response, and increased frailty. The complexity of age-dependent metabolic reprogramming comes from the multitude of levels on which metabolic changes can be connected to aging and regulation of lifespan. This is further complicated by the different metabolic requirements of various tissues, cross-organ communication via metabolite secretion, and direct effects of metabolites on epigenetic state and redox regulation; however, not all of these changes are causative to aging. Studies in yeast, flies, worms, and mice have played a crucial role in identifying mechanistic links between observed changes in various metabolic traits and their effects on lifespan. Here, we review how changes in the organismal and organ-specific metabolome are associated with aging and how targeting of any one of over a hundred different targets in specific metabolic pathways can extend lifespan. An important corollary is that restriction or supplementation of different metabolites can change activity of these metabolic pathways in ways that improve healthspan and extend lifespan in different organisms. Due to the high levels of conservation of metabolism in general, translating findings from model systems to human beings will allow for the development of effective strategies for human health- and lifespan extension.
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Funk MC, Zhou J, Boutros M. Ageing, metabolism and the intestine. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50047. [PMID: 32567155 PMCID: PMC7332987 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium serves as a dynamic barrier to the environment and integrates a variety of signals, including those from metabolites, commensal microbiota, immune responses and stressors upon ageing. The intestine is constantly challenged and requires a high renewal rate to replace damaged cells in order to maintain its barrier function. Essential for its renewal capacity are intestinal stem cells, which constantly give rise to progenitor cells that differentiate into the multiple cell types present in the epithelium. Here, we review the current state of research of how metabolism and ageing control intestinal stem cell function and epithelial homeostasis. We focus on recent insights gained from model organisms that indicate how changes in metabolic signalling during ageing are a major driver for the loss of stem cell plasticity and epithelial homeostasis, ultimately affecting the resilience of an organism and limiting its lifespan. We compare findings made in mouse and Drosophila and discuss differences and commonalities in the underlying signalling pathways and mechanisms in the context of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja C Funk
- Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jun Zhou
- Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Kazemi A, Speakman JR, Soltani S, Djafarian K. Effect of calorie restriction or protein intake on circulating levels of insulin like growth factor I in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:1705-1716. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Gaitanidis A, Dimitriadou A, Dowse H, Sanyal S, Duch C, Consoulas C. Longitudinal assessment of health-span and pre-death morbidity in wild type Drosophila. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1850-1873. [PMID: 30923256 PMCID: PMC6461171 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The increase in human life expectancy is accompanied by age-related cognitive and motor disability, thus raising the demand for strategies toward healthy aging. This requires understanding the biology of normal aging and late-life functional phenotypes. Genetic model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster, can help identifying evolutionary conserved mechanisms underlying aging. Longitudinal assessment of motor performance of more than 1000 individual flies revealed age-related motor performance decline and specific late-life motor disabilities. This allows defining heath- and ill-span and scoring late-life quality of individual flies. As in mammals, including humans, onset, duration, severity, and progression dynamics of decline are heterogenic and characterized by both, progressive worsening and sudden late-life events. Flies either become increasingly incapacitated by accumulating disability over multiple days prior to death, or they escape disability until few hours prior to death. Both late-life trajectories converge into a terminal stage characterized by stereotypical signs of functional collapse and death within 3 hours. Drosophila can now be used to evaluate life prolonging manipulations in the context of late-life quality. High sugar diet increases lifespan and late-life quality, whereas lifespan prolonging antioxidant supplementation has either no, or negative effects on late-life quality, depending on base diet and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Gaitanidis
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Agapi Dimitriadou
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harold Dowse
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Subhabrata Sanyal
- Cell Biology Department, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carsten Duch
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christos Consoulas
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Strilbytska O, Velianyk V, Burdyliuk N, Yurkevych IS, Vaiserman A, Storey KB, Pospisilik A, Lushchak O. Parental dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratio affects offspring lifespan and metabolism in drosophila. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 241:110622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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48
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Wu Q, Yu G, Cheng X, Gao Y, Fan X, Yang D, Xie M, Wang T, Piper MDW, Yang M. Sexual dimorphism in the nutritional requirement for adult lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13120. [PMID: 32069521 PMCID: PMC7059147 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutritional requirements of Drosophila have mostly been studied for development and reproduction, but the minimal requirements for adult male and female flies for lifespan have not been established. Following development on a complete diet, we find substantial sex difference in the basic nutritional requirement of adult flies for full length of life. Relative to females, males require less of each nutrient, and for some nutrients that are essential for development, adult males have no requirement at all for lifespan. The most extreme (and surprising) sex differences were that chronic cholesterol and vitamin deficiencies had no effect on the lifespan of adult males, but they greatly decreased lifespan in females. Female oogenesis rather than chromosomal karyotype and mating status is the key cause of this gender difference in life‐sustaining nutritional requirements. These data are important to the way we understand the mechanisms by which diet modifies lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Guixiang Yu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Xingyi Cheng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Yue Gao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Meng Xie
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | | | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
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González-Tokman D, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Dáttilo W, Lira-Noriega A, Sánchez-Guillén RA, Villalobos F. Insect responses to heat: physiological mechanisms, evolution and ecological implications in a warming world. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:802-821. [PMID: 32035015 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surviving changing climate conditions is particularly difficult for organisms such as insects that depend on environmental temperature to regulate their physiological functions. Insects are extremely threatened by global warming, since many do not have enough physiological tolerance even to survive continuous exposure to the current maximum temperatures experienced in their habitats. Here, we review literature on the physiological mechanisms that regulate responses to heat and provide heat tolerance in insects: (i) neuronal mechanisms to detect and respond to heat; (ii) metabolic responses to heat; (iii) thermoregulation; (iv) stress responses to tolerate heat; and (v) hormones that coordinate developmental and behavioural responses at warm temperatures. Our review shows that, apart from the stress response mediated by heat shock proteins, the physiological mechanisms of heat tolerance in insects remain poorly studied. Based on life-history theory, we discuss the costs of heat tolerance and the potential evolutionary mechanisms driving insect adaptations to high temperatures. Some insects may deal with ongoing global warming by the joint action of phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation. Plastic responses are limited and may not be by themselves enough to withstand ongoing warming trends. Although the evidence is still scarce and deserves further research in different insect taxa, genetic adaptation to high temperatures may result from rapid evolution. Finally, we emphasize the importance of incorporating physiological information for modelling species distributions and ecological interactions under global warming scenarios. This review identifies several open questions to improve our understanding of how insects respond physiologically to heat and the evolutionary and ecological consequences of those responses. Further lines of research are suggested at the species, order and class levels, with experimental and analytical approaches such as artificial selection, quantitative genetics and comparative analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Tokman
- CONACYT, CDMX, 03940, Mexico.,Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| | - Andrés Lira-Noriega
- CONACYT, CDMX, 03940, Mexico.,Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
| | | | - Fabricio Villalobos
- Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Xalapa, 91073, Mexico
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Ng'oma E, Williams-Simon PA, Rahman A, King EG. Diverse biological processes coordinate the transcriptional response to nutritional changes in a Drosophila melanogaster multiparent population. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:84. [PMID: 31992183 PMCID: PMC6988245 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental variation in the amount of resources available to populations challenge individuals to optimize the allocation of those resources to key fitness functions. This coordination of resource allocation relative to resource availability is commonly attributed to key nutrient sensing gene pathways in laboratory model organisms, chiefly the insulin/TOR signaling pathway. However, the genetic basis of diet-induced variation in gene expression is less clear. Results To describe the natural genetic variation underlying nutrient-dependent differences, we used an outbred panel derived from a multiparental population, the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource. We analyzed RNA sequence data from multiple female tissue samples dissected from flies reared in three nutritional conditions: high sugar (HS), dietary restriction (DR), and control (C) diets. A large proportion of genes in the experiment (19.6% or 2471 genes) were significantly differentially expressed for the effect of diet, and 7.8% (978 genes) for the effect of the interaction between diet and tissue type (LRT, Padj. < 0.05). Interestingly, we observed similar patterns of gene expression relative to the C diet, in the DR and HS treated flies, a response likely reflecting diet component ratios. Hierarchical clustering identified 21 robust gene modules showing intra-modularly similar patterns of expression across diets, all of which were highly significant for diet or diet-tissue interaction effects (FDR Padj. < 0.05). Gene set enrichment analysis for different diet-tissue combinations revealed a diverse set of pathways and gene ontology (GO) terms (two-sample t-test, FDR < 0.05). GO analysis on individual co-expressed modules likewise showed a large number of terms encompassing many cellular and nuclear processes (Fisher exact test, Padj. < 0.01). Although a handful of genes in the IIS/TOR pathway including Ilp5, Rheb, and Sirt2 showed significant elevation in expression, many key genes such as InR, chico, most insulin peptide genes, and the nutrient-sensing pathways were not observed. Conclusions Our results suggest that a more diverse network of pathways and gene networks mediate the diet response in our population. These results have important implications for future studies focusing on diet responses in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ng'oma
- University of Missouri, 401 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | | | - A Rahman
- University of Missouri, 401 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - E G King
- University of Missouri, 401 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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