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Li T, Xu B, Li W, Cheng X, Tantai W, Zheng H, Zhao L, Li N, Han C. Allosteric inhibitor of SHP2 enhances macrophage endocytosis and bacteria elimination by increasing caveolae activation and protects against bacterial sepsis. Pharmacol Res 2024; 201:107096. [PMID: 38320736 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The uncontrolled bacterial infection-induced cytokine storm and sequential immunosuppression are commonly observed in septic patients, which indicates that the activation of phagocytic cells and the efficient and timely elimination of bacteria are crucial for combating bacterial infections. However, the role of dysregulated immune cells and their disrupted function in sepsis remains unclear. Here, we found that macrophages exhibited the impaired endocytosis capabilities in sepsis by Single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing. Caveolae protein Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) of macrophages was inactivated by SHP2 rapidly during Escherichia coli (E.coli) infection. Allosteric inhibitor of SHP2 effectively maintains Cav-1 phosphorylation to enhance macrophage to endocytose and eliminate bacteria. Additionally, TLR4 endocytosis of macrophage was also enhanced upon E.coli infection by SHP099, inducing an increased and rapidly resolved inflammatory response. In vivo, pretreatment or posttreatment with inhibitor of SHP2 significantly reduced the bacterial burden in organs and mortality of mice subjected E.coli infection or CLP-induced sepsis. The cotreatment of inhibitor of SHP2 with an antibiotic conferred complete protection against mortality in mice. Our findings suggest that Cav-1-mediated endocytosis and bacterial elimination may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of sepsis, highlighting inhibitor of SHP2 as a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianliang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaotao Cheng
- Suzhou Jizhi Medical Corporation, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Wenjing Tantai
- Department of Histology and Embryology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Department of Emergency, Dongfang Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200210, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Dongfang Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200210, China.
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Chaofeng Han
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Histology and Embryology and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Mazwi KD, Kolo FB, Jaja IF, Byaruhanga C, Hassim A, van Heerden H. Polyphasic Characterization of Brucella spp. in Livestock Slaughtered from Abattoirs in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Microorganisms 2024; 12:223. [PMID: 38276208 PMCID: PMC10819803 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In livestock, brucellosis is mainly an asymptomatic disease except when abortion occurs; therefore, two serological tests are used for diagnosis as no single test is suitable. Abattoir samples enable a combination of culture, molecular, and serological tests to detect brucellosis. This study assessed Brucella-specific PCR (ITS-PCR) to detect brucellosis and to conduct a molecular characterization of Brucella spp. isolated from PCR-positive livestock (n = 565) slaughtered at abattoirs and the appropriate sample tissue(s). ITS-PCR detected Brucella DNA in 33.6% of cattle, 14.5% of sheep, and 4.7% of pig tissues. Impure Brucella cultures from PCR-positive tissues were 43.6% (44/94) of cattle, 51.7% (15/29) of sheep, and 50% (2/4) of pigs with predominantly B. abortus identification with AMOS-PCR and low isolation of mixed B. abortus and B. melitensis in all species. In cattle, 33% of isolates were from lymph nodes, while in sheep 38.0% were from the liver and kidney and only from tonsils in pigs (2/4). Brucella infections identified with AMOS-PCR were present in seropositive and mainly seronegative (75.6-100%) livestock with the potential to cause brucellosis during pregnancy or breeding. This study demonstrated the value of the polyphasic approach, especially with chronic infections and the potential risk of these asymptomatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koketso Desiree Mazwi
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Francis Babaman Kolo
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Ishmael Festus Jaja
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa
| | - Charles Byaruhanga
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- National Agricultural Research Organisation, Entebbe P.O. Box 259, Uganda
| | - Ayesha Hassim
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Henriette van Heerden
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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Wang J, Zhao S, Chen J, Liu X, Chen H, Lu T, Xu M, Guo X, Shen X, Liu C, Li C. Phage-Ce6-Manganese Dioxide Nanocomposite-Mediated Photodynamic, Photothermal, and Chemodynamic Therapies to Eliminate Biofilms and Improve Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21904-21916. [PMID: 37115597 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms have become one of the fundamental issues for chronic infections, while traditional therapies are often ineffective in removing quiescent (persister) cells from biofilms, resulting in a variety of implant-related or nosocomial infections. Recently, bacteriophage (phage) therapy has reflourished in research and clinical trials. However, phage therapy alone manifested many intrinsic defects, including poor biofilm penetration, incomplete clearance of quiescent cells, etc. In this study, a phage-Chlorin e6 (Ce6)-manganese dioxide nanocomposite (PCM) was constructed by mild biomineralization. The results demonstrated that PCM contained both the vigorous activities of host bacterial targeting and efficient delivery of Ce6 to penetrate the biofilm. Assisted with NIR irradiation, robust reactive oxygen species (ROS) was triggered within the biofilm. In the weak acidic and GSH-rich infection niche, PCM was degraded into ultra-small nanosheets, endowing PCM with moderate photothermal therapy (PTT) effects and considerable Mn2+ release, thus exerting strong chemodynamic therapy (CDT) effects in situ. In vivo application demonstrated that the combination of PCM application and NIR irradiation strikingly reduced the pathogen loading, activated innate and adaptive immunity, promoted neocollagen rearrangement, and attenuated cicatricial tissue formation. Our research may pave a new way for bacterial treatment, biofilm-related infections, and other diseases caused by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Shujing Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Hongyican Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Mingji Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Xian Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Caixia Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
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Ng QX, Lim YL, Yaow CYL, Ng WK, Thumboo J, Liew TM. Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Major Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061351. [PMID: 36986088 PMCID: PMC10052013 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence on the beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation for patients with depressive disorders. However, prior reviews on the topic have largely focused on clinical effectiveness with limited emphasis on the underlying mechanisms of action and effects of probiotics on gut microbiota. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search of Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library using combinations of the key words, (“depress*” OR “MDD” OR “suicide”), (“probiotic” OR “Lactobacillus” OR “Bifidobacterium”) AND (“gut” OR “gut micr*” OR “microbiota”), as well as grey literature was performed. We found seven clinical trials involving patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The small number of studies and heterogeneous sources of data precluded meta-analysis. Most trials (other than one open-label trial) had a low-to-moderate risk of bias, which was largely due to a lack of control for the effects of diet on gut microbiota. Probiotic supplementation yielded only modest effects on depressive symptoms and there were no consistent effects on gut microbiota diversity, and in most instances, no significant alterations in gut microbiota composition were observed after four to eight weeks of probiotic intervention. There is also a lack of systematic reporting on adverse events and no good longer-term data. Patients with MDD may require a longer time to show clinical improvement and the microbial host environment may also need longer than eight weeks to produce significant microbiota alterations. To advance this field, further larger-scale and longer-term studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang Ng
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- MOH Holdings Pte Ltd., 1 Maritime Square, Singapore 099253, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6222-3322
| | - Yu Liang Lim
- MOH Holdings Pte Ltd., 1 Maritime Square, Singapore 099253, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | | | - Wee Khoon Ng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Julian Thumboo
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Tau Ming Liew
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Psychiatry, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
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5
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Sheikh BA, Bhat BA, Mir MA. Antimicrobial resistance: new insights and therapeutic implications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:6427-6440. [PMID: 36121484 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12175-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has not been a new phenomenon. Still, the number of resistant organisms, the geographic areas affected by emerging drug resistance, and the magnitude of resistance in a single organism are enormous and mounting. Disease and disease-causing agents formerly thought to be contained by antibiotics are now returning in new forms resistant to existing therapies. Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most severe and complicated health issues globally, driven by interrelated dynamics in humans, animals, and environmental health sectors. Coupled with various epidemiological factors and a limited pipeline for new antimicrobials, all these misappropriations allow the transmission of drug-resistant organisms. The problem is likely to worsen soon. Antimicrobial resistance in general and antibiotic resistance in particular is a shared global problem. Actions taken by any single country can adversely or positively affect the other country. Targeted coordination and prevention strategies are critical in stopping the spread of antibiotic-resistant organisms and hence its overall management. This article has provided in-depth knowledge about various methods that can help mitigate the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance globally. KEY POINTS: • Overview of antimicrobial resistance as a global challenge and explain various reasons for its rapid progression. • Brief about the intrinsic and acquired resistance to antimicrobials and development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. • Systematically organized information is provided on different strategies for tackling antimicrobial resistance for the welfare of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad Sheikh
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India.
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Mozaffari SA, Salehi A, Mousavi E, Zaman BA, Nassaj AE, Ebrahimzadeh F, Nasiri H, Valedkarimi Z, Adili A, Asemani G, Akbari M. SARS-CoV-2-associated gut microbiome alteration; A new contributor to colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 239:154131. [PMID: 36191449 PMCID: PMC9477615 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, in December 2019 led to a global pandemic with more than 170 million confirmed infections and more than 6 million deaths (by July 2022). Studies have shown that infection with SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients has a higher mortality rate than in people without cancer. Here, we have reviewed the evidence showing that gut microbiota plays an important role in health and is linked to colorectal cancer development. Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a change in gut microbiota, which modify intestinal inflammation and barrier permeability and affects tumor-suppressor or oncogene genes, proposing SARS-CoV-2 as a potential contributor to CRC pathogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrooz Amin Mozaffari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Salehi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elnaz Mousavi
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Burhan Abdullah Zaman
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ali Eslambol Nassaj
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hadi Nasiri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Valedkarimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Adili
- Senior Adult Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA; Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Asemani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Papanikolopoulou A, Maltezou HC, Stoupis A, Pangalis A, Kouroumpetsis C, Chronopoulou G, Kalofissoudis Y, Kostares E, Boufidou F, Karalexi M, Koumaki V, Pantazis N, Tsakris A, Kantzanou M. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, Multidrug-Resistant Bacteremia and Infection Control Interventions in an Intensive Care Unit: Analysis of Six-Year Time-Series Data. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081128. [PMID: 36009998 PMCID: PMC9405435 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs more than 48h after mechanical ventilation and is associated with a high mortality rate. The current hospital-based study aims to investigate the association between VAP rate, incidence of bacteremia from multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, and infection control interventions in a single case mix ICU from 2013 to 2018. Methods: The following monthly indices were analyzed: (1) VAP rate; (2) use of hand hygiene disinfectants; (3) isolation rate of patients with MDR bacteria; and (4) incidence of bacteremia/1000 patient-days (total cases, total carbapenem-resistant cases, and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae cases separately). Results: Time trends of infection control interventions showed increased rates in isolation of patients with MDR pathogens (p <0.001) and consumption of hand disinfectant solutions (p =0.001). The last four years of the study an annual decrease of VAP rate by 35.12% (95% CI: −53.52 to −9.41; p =0.01) was recorded, which significantly correlated not only with reduced trauma and cardiothoracic surgery patients (IRR:2.49; 95% CI: 2.09−2.96; p <0.001), but also with increased isolation rate of patients with MDR pathogens (IRR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.27−0.99; p = 0.048), and hand disinfectants use (IRR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.18−0.89; p =0.024). Conclusions: Infection control interventions significantly contributed to the decrease of VAP rate. Constant infection control stewardship has a stable time-effect and guides evidence-based decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena C. Maltezou
- Directorate of Research, Studies and Documentation, National Public Health Organization, 15123 Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Stoupis
- Clinical Infectious Diseases Department, Athens Medical Center, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Pangalis
- Biopathology Department Athens Medical Center, Marousi, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Yannis Kalofissoudis
- Quality Assurance Department, Athens Medical Center, Marousi, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kostares
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotini Boufidou
- Neurochemistry and Biological Markers Unit, 1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Karalexi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Koumaki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Pantazis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-7462011
| | - Maria Kantzanou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Delattre R, Seurat J, Haddad F, Nguyen TT, Gaborieau B, Kane R, Dufour N, Ricard JD, Guedj J, Debarbieux L. Combination of in vivo phage therapy data with in silico model highlights key parameters for pneumonia treatment efficacy. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110825. [PMID: 35584666 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical (re)development of bacteriophage (phage) therapy to treat antibiotic-resistant infections faces the challenge of understanding the dynamics of phage-bacteria interactions in the in vivo context. Here, we develop a general strategy coupling in vitro and in vivo experiments with a mathematical model to characterize the interplay between phage and bacteria during pneumonia induced by a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The model allows the estimation of several key parameters for phage therapeutic efficacy. In particular, it quantifies the impact of dose and route of phage administration as well as the synergism of phage and the innate immune response on bacterial clearance. Simulations predict a limited impact of the intrinsic phage characteristics in agreement with the current semi-empirical choices of phages for compassionate treatments. Model-based approaches will foster the deployment of future phage-therapy clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Delattre
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Jérémy Seurat
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Feyrouz Haddad
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Thu-Thuy Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Baptiste Gaborieau
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France; APHP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Colombes, France
| | - Rokhaya Kane
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
| | - Nicolas Dufour
- Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Cergy Pontoise 95503, France
| | - Jean-Damien Ricard
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France; APHP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Colombes, France
| | - Jérémie Guedj
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France.
| | - Laurent Debarbieux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France.
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Mundula T, Russo E, Curini L, Giudici F, Piccioni A, Franceschi F, Amedei A. Chronic systemic low-grade inflammation and modern lifestyle: the dark role of gut microbiota on related diseases with a focus on pandemic COVID-19. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5370-5396. [PMID: 35524667 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220430131018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological, beneficial and auto-limiting response of the host to alarming stimuli. Conversely, a chronic systemic low-grade inflammation (CSLGI), known as a long-time persisting condition, causes organs and host tissues' damage, representing a major risk for chronic diseases. Currently, a worldwide a high incidence of inflammatory chronic diseases is observed, often linked to the lifestyle-related changes occurred in the last decade's society. The mains lifestyle-related factors are a proinflammatory diet, psychological stress, tobacco smoking, alcohol abuse, physical inactivity, and finally indoor living and working with its related consequences such as indoor pollution, artificial light exposure and low vitamin D production. Recent scientific evidences found that gut microbiota (GM) has a main role in shaping the host's health, particularly as CSLGI mediator. As a matter of facts, based on the last discoveries regarding the remarkable GM activity, in this manuscript we focused on the elements of actual lifestyle that influence the composition and function of intestinal microbial community, in order to elicit the CSLGI and its correlated pathologies. In this scenario, we provide a broad review of the interplay between modern lifestyle, GM and CSLGI with a special focus on the COVID symptoms and emerging long-COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Mundula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lavinia Curini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Giudici
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Emergency Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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10
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Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010061. [PMID: 35053059 PMCID: PMC8773222 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence of studies associating COVID-19 survivors with increased mental health consequences. Mental health implications related to a COVID-19 infection include both acute and long-term consequences. Here we discuss COVID-19-associated psychiatric sequelae, particularly anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), drawing parallels to past coronavirus outbreaks. A literature search was completed across three databases, using keywords to search for relevant articles. The cause may directly correlate to the infection through both direct and indirect mechanisms, but the underlying etiology appears more complex and multifactorial, involving environmental, psychological, and biological factors. Although most risk factors and prevalence rates vary across various studies, being of the female gender and having a history of psychiatric disorders seem consistent. Several studies will be presented, demonstrating COVID-19 survivors presenting higher rates of mental health consequences than the general population. The possible mechanisms by which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters the brain, affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and causing these psychiatric sequelae, will be discussed, particularly concerning the SARS-CoV-2 entry via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors and the implications of the immune inflammatory signaling on neuropsychiatric disorders. Some possible therapeutic options will also be considered.
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11
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Li J, Claudi B, Fanous J, Chicherova N, Cianfanelli FR, Campbell RAA, Bumann D. Tissue compartmentalization enables Salmonella persistence during chemotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2113951118. [PMID: 34911764 PMCID: PMC8713819 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113951118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial chemotherapy can fail to eradicate the pathogen, even in the absence of antimicrobial resistance. Persisting pathogens can subsequently cause relapsing diseases. In vitro studies suggest various mechanisms of antibiotic persistence, but their in vivo relevance remains unclear because of the difficulty of studying scarce pathogen survivors in complex host tissues. Here, we localized and characterized rare surviving Salmonella in mouse spleen using high-resolution whole-organ tomography. Chemotherapy cleared >99.5% of the Salmonella but was inefficient against a small Salmonella subset in the white pulp. Previous models could not explain these findings: drug exposure was adequate, Salmonella continued to replicate, and host stresses induced only limited Salmonella drug tolerance. Instead, antimicrobial clearance required support of Salmonella-killing neutrophils and monocytes, and the density of such cells was lower in the white pulp than in other spleen compartments containing higher Salmonella loads. Neutrophil densities declined further during treatment in response to receding Salmonella loads, resulting in insufficient support for Salmonella clearance from the white pulp and eradication failure. However, adjunctive therapies sustaining inflammatory support enabled effective clearance. These results identify uneven Salmonella tissue colonization and spatiotemporal inflammation dynamics as main causes of Salmonella persistence and establish a powerful approach to investigate scarce but impactful pathogen subsets in complex host environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiagui Li
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Joseph Fanous
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Dirk Bumann
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Maitre Y, Mahalli R, Micheneau P, Delpierre A, Amador G, Denis F. Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111157. [PMID: 34769677 PMCID: PMC8583399 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to clarify the nature of the link between Alzheimer’s disease and the oral microbiome on an epidemiological and pathophysiological level, as well as to highlight new therapeutic perspectives that contribute to the management of this disease. We performed a systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews checklist, from January 2000 to July 2021. The terms “plaque,” “saliva,” and “mouth” were associated with the search term “oral diseases” and used in combination with the Boolean operator “AND”/“OR”. We included experimental or clinical studies and excluded conferences, abstracts, reviews, and editorials. A total of 27 articles were selected. Evidence for the impact of the oral microbiome on the pathophysiological and immunoinflammatory mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease is accumulating. The impact of the oral microbiome on the development of AD opens the door to complementary therapies such as phototherapy and/or the use of prebiotic compounds and probiotic strains for global or targeted modulation of the oral microbiome in order to have a favourable influence on the evolution of this pathology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Maitre
- Emergency Department, Montpellier University Hospital, 34090 Montpellier, France;
- EA 2415, Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisée, Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Rachid Mahalli
- Department of Odontology, Tours University Hospital, 37000 Tours, France; (R.M.); (P.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Pierre Micheneau
- Department of Odontology, Tours University Hospital, 37000 Tours, France; (R.M.); (P.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexis Delpierre
- Department of Odontology, Tours University Hospital, 37000 Tours, France; (R.M.); (P.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Gilles Amador
- Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Frédéric Denis
- Department of Odontology, Tours University Hospital, 37000 Tours, France; (R.M.); (P.M.); (A.D.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 44000 Nantes, France;
- EA 75-05 Education, Ethique, Santé, Faculté de Médecine, Université François-Rabelais, 37044 Tours, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-6-7715-6968
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13
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Vyhnalova T, Danek Z, Gachova D, Linhartova PB. The Role of the Oral Microbiota in the Etiopathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081549. [PMID: 34442627 PMCID: PMC8400438 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis in the oral environment may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the association of oral microbiota with OSCC and to describe possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms involved in processes of OSCC development and progression. Association studies included in this review were designed as case–control/case studies, analyzing the bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome from saliva, oral rinses, oral mucosal swabs, or oral mucosal tissue samples (deep and superficial) and comparing the results in healthy individuals to those with OSCC and/or with premalignant lesions. Changes in relative abundances of specific bacteria (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus sp.) and fungi (especially Candida sp.) were associated with OSCC. Viruses can also play a role; while the results of studies investigating the role of human papillomavirus in OSCC development are controversial, Epstein–Barr virus was positively correlated with OSCC. The oral microbiota has been linked to tumorigenesis through a variety of mechanisms, including the stimulation of cell proliferation, tumor invasiveness, angiogenesis, inhibition of cell apoptosis, induction of chronic inflammation, or production of oncometabolites. We also advocate for the necessity of performing a complex analysis of the microbiome in further studies and of standardizing the sampling procedures by establishing guidelines to support future meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Vyhnalova
- Environmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (D.G.); (P.B.L.)
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Danek
- Environmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (D.G.); (P.B.L.)
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-777-550-596
| | - Daniela Gachova
- Environmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (D.G.); (P.B.L.)
| | - Petra Borilova Linhartova
- Environmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (D.G.); (P.B.L.)
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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14
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Synthesis, structural and in vitro biological evaluation of diamondoid-decorated lipophilic organotin(IV) derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Howell MC, Green R, McGill AR, Dutta R, Mohapatra S, Mohapatra SS. SARS-CoV-2-Induced Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis: Implications for Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2676. [PMID: 34071688 PMCID: PMC8198029 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), in December 2019 led to a worldwide pandemic with over 170 million confirmed infections and over 3.5 million deaths (as of May 2021). Early studies have shown higher mortality rates from SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients than individuals without cancer. Herein, we review the evidence that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in health and has been linked to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Investigations have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes changes to the gut microbiota, including an overall decline in microbial diversity, enrichment of opportunistic pathogens such as Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteremia, and depletion of beneficial commensals, such as the butyrate-producing bacteria. Further, these changes lead to increased colonic inflammation, which leads to gut barrier disruption, expression of genes governing CRC tumorigenesis, and tumor immunosuppression, thus further exacerbating CRC progression. Additionally, a long-lasting impact of SARS-CoV-2 on gut dysbiosis might result in a greater possibility of new CRC diagnosis or aggravating the condition in those already afflicted. Herein, we review the evidence relating to the current understanding of how infection with SARS-CoV-2 impacts the gut microbiota and the effects this will have on CRC carcinogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Howell
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (M.C.H.); (R.G.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ryan Green
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (M.C.H.); (R.G.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Andrew R. McGill
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (M.C.H.); (R.G.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Rinku Dutta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (M.C.H.); (R.G.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Shyam S. Mohapatra
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (M.C.H.); (R.G.); (A.R.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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16
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Troisi J, Venutolo G, Pujolassos Tanyà M, Delli Carri M, Landolfi A, Fasano A. COVID-19 and the gastrointestinal tract: Source of infection or merely a target of the inflammatory process following SARS-CoV-2 infection? World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:1406-1418. [PMID: 33911464 PMCID: PMC8047540 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i14.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms have been described in a conspicuous percentage of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. This clinical evidence is supported by the detection of viral RNA in stool, which also supports the hypothesis of a possible fecal-oral transmission route. The involvement of GI tract in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is corroborated by the theoretical assumption that angiotensin converting enzyme 2, which is a SARS-CoV-2 target receptor, is present along the GI tract. Studies have pointed out that gut dysbiosis may occur in COVID-19 patients, with a possible correlation with disease severity and with complications such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. However, the question to be addressed is whether dysbiosis is a consequence or a contributing cause of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In such a scenario, pharmacological therapies aimed at decreasing GI permeability may be beneficial for COVID-19 patients. Considering the possibility of a fecal-oral transmission route, water and environmental sanitation play a crucial role for COVID-19 containment, especially in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Troisi
- Metabolomics Section, Theoreo srl - Spin-off Company of the University of Salerno, Montecorvino Pugliano 84090, SA, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Salerno 84125, SA, Italy
| | - Giorgia Venutolo
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Salerno 84125, SA, Italy
| | - Meritxell Pujolassos Tanyà
- Metabolomics Section, Theoreo srl - Spin-off Company of the University of Salerno, Montecorvino Pugliano 84090, SA, Italy
| | - Matteo Delli Carri
- Metabolomics Section, Theoreo srl - Spin-off Company of the University of Salerno, Montecorvino Pugliano 84090, SA, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy
| | - Annamaria Landolfi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi 84081, SA, Italy
| | - Alessio Fasano
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Salerno 84125, SA, Italy
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center and Center for Celiac Research, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA 02114, United States
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17
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Andersson DI, Balaban NQ, Baquero F, Courvalin P, Glaser P, Gophna U, Kishony R, Molin S, Tønjum T. Antibiotic resistance: turning evolutionary principles into clinical reality. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2020; 44:171-188. [PMID: 31981358 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the major challenges facing modern medicine worldwide. The past few decades have witnessed rapid progress in our understanding of the multiple factors that affect the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance at the population level and the level of the individual patient. However, the process of translating this progress into health policy and clinical practice has been slow. Here, we attempt to consolidate current knowledge about the evolution and ecology of antibiotic resistance into a roadmap for future research as well as clinical and environmental control of antibiotic resistance. At the population level, we examine emergence, transmission and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, and at the patient level, we examine adaptation involving bacterial physiology and host resilience. Finally, we describe new approaches and technologies for improving diagnosis and treatment and minimizing the spread of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan I Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Uppsala, BMC, Husargatan 3, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Q Balaban
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, Ctra. Colmenar Viejo Km 9,100 28034 - Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrice Courvalin
- French National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Glaser
- Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, Paris, France
| | - Uri Gophna
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 121 Jack Green building, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roy Kishony
- Faculty of Biology, The Technion, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Søren Molin
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 220 2800 Kgs.Lyngby, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tone Tønjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo, OUS HF Rikshospitalet Postboks 4950 Nydalen 0424 Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, P. O. Box 4950 Nydalen N-0424 Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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18
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Gjini E, Paupério FFS, Ganusov VV. Treatment timing shifts the benefits of short and long antibiotic treatment over infection. Evol Med Public Health 2020; 2020:249-263. [PMID: 33376597 PMCID: PMC7750949 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are the major tool for treating bacterial infections. Rising antibiotic resistance, however, calls for a better use of antibiotics. While classical recommendations favor long and aggressive treatments, more recent clinical trials advocate for moderate regimens. In this debate, two axes of 'aggression' have typically been conflated: treatment intensity (dose) and treatment duration. The third dimension of treatment timing along each individual's infection course has rarely been addressed. By using a generic mathematical model of bacterial infection controlled by immune response, we examine how the relative effectiveness of antibiotic treatment varies with its timing, duration and antibiotic kill rate. We show that short or long treatments may both be beneficial depending on treatment onset, the target criterion for success and on antibiotic efficacy. This results from the dynamic trade-off between immune response build-up and resistance risk in acute, self-limiting infections, and uncertainty relating symptoms to infection variables. We show that in our model early optimal treatments tend to be 'short and strong', while late optimal treatments tend to be 'mild and long'. This suggests a shift in the aggression axis depending on the timing of treatment. We find that any specific optimal treatment schedule may perform more poorly if evaluated by other criteria, or under different host-specific conditions. Our results suggest that major advances in antibiotic stewardship must come from a deeper empirical understanding of bacterial infection processes in individual hosts. To guide rational therapy, mathematical models need to be constrained by data, including a better quantification of personal disease trajectory in humans. Lay summary: Bacterial infections are becoming more difficult to treat worldwide because bacteria are becoming resistant to the antibiotics used. Addressing this problem requires a better understanding of how treatment along with other host factors impact antibiotic resistance. Until recently, most theoretical research has focused on the importance of antibiotic dosing on antibiotic resistance, however, duration and timing of treatment remain less explored. Here, we use a mathematical model of a generic bacterial infection to study three aspects of treatment: treatment dose/efficacy (defined by the antibiotic kill rate), duration, and timing, and their impact on several infection endpoints. We show that short and long treatment success strongly depends on when treatment begins (defined by the symptom threshold), the target criterion to optimize, and on antibiotic efficacy. We find that if administered early in an infection, "strong and short" therapy performs better, while if treatment begins at higher bacterial densities, a "mild and long" course of antibiotics is favored. In the model host immune defenses are key in preventing relapses, controlling antibiotic resistant bacteria and increasing the effectiveness of moderate intervention. In order to improve rational treatments of human infections, we call for a better quantification of individual disease trajectories in bacteria-immunity space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erida Gjini
- Mathematical Modeling of Biological Processes Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Francisco F S Paupério
- Mathematical Modeling of Biological Processes Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, Oeiras, 2780-156, Portugal
- Departamento de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Vitaly V Ganusov
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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19
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Ran B, Yuan Y, Xia W, Li M, Yao Q, Wang Z, Wang L, Li X, Xu Y, Peng X. A photo-sensitizable phage for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii therapy and biofilm ablation. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1054-1061. [PMID: 34163871 PMCID: PMC8179032 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04889e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic abuse causes the emergence of bacterial resistance. Photodynamic antibacterial chemotherapy (PACT) has great potential to solve serious bacterial resistance, but it suffers from the inefficient generation of ROS and the lack of bacterial targeting ability. Herein, a unique cationic photosensitizer (NB) and bacteriophage (ABP)-based photodynamic antimicrobial agent (APNB) is developed for precise bacterial eradication and efficient biofilm ablation. Thanks to the structural modification of the NB photosensitizer with a sulfur atom, it displays excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-production ability. Moreover, specific binding to pathogenic microorganisms can be provided by bacteriophages. The developed APNB has multiple functions, including bacteria targeting, near-infrared fluorescence imaging and combination therapy (PACT and phage therapy). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments prove that APNB can efficiently treat A. baumannii infection. Particularly, the recovery from A. baumannii infection after APNB treatment is faster than that with ampicillin and polymyxin B in vivo. Furthermore, the strategy of combining bacteriophages and photosensitizers is employed to eradicate bacterial biofilms for the first time, and it shows the excellent biofilm ablation effect as expected. Thus, APNB has huge potential in fighting against multidrug-resistant bacteria and biofilm ablation in practice. APNB for multidrug-resistant A. Baumannii therapy and biofilms ablation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yuyu Yuan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Wenxi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Mingle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Qichao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Zuokai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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20
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Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL. Antibiotic Resistance: Moving From Individual Health Norms to Social Norms in One Health and Global Health. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1914. [PMID: 32983000 PMCID: PMC7483582 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a problem for human health, and consequently, its study had been traditionally focused toward its impact for the success of treating human infections in individual patients (individual health). Nevertheless, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes are not confined only to the infected patients. It is now generally accepted that the problem goes beyond humans, hospitals, or long-term facility settings and that it should be considered simultaneously in human-connected animals, farms, food, water, and natural ecosystems. In this regard, the health of humans, animals, and local antibiotic-resistance-polluted environments should influence the health of the whole interconnected local ecosystem (One Health). In addition, antibiotic resistance is also a global problem; any resistant microorganism (and its antibiotic resistance genes) could be distributed worldwide. Consequently, antibiotic resistance is a pandemic that requires Global Health solutions. Social norms, imposing individual and group behavior that favor global human health and in accordance with the increasingly collective awareness of the lack of human alienation from nature, will positively influence these solutions. In this regard, the problem of antibiotic resistance should be understood within the framework of socioeconomic and ecological efforts to ensure the sustainability of human development and the associated human-natural ecosystem interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hernando-Amado
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa M. Coque
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Friberg C, Haaber JK, Vestergaard M, Fait A, Perrot V, Levin BR, Ingmer H. Human antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, induces non-inheritable reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in Staphylococcus aureus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13121. [PMID: 32753585 PMCID: PMC7403302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are central components of the innate immune system providing protection against pathogens. Yet, serum and tissue concentrations vary between individuals and with disease conditions. We demonstrate that the human AMP LL-37 lowers the susceptibility to vancomycin in the community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) strain FPR3757 (USA300). Vancomycin is used to treat serious MRSA infections, but treatment failures occur despite MRSA strains being tested susceptible according to standard susceptibility methods. Exposure to physiologically relevant concentrations of LL-37 increased the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of S. aureus towards vancomycin by 75%, and resulted in shortened lag-phase and increased colony formation at sub-inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin. Computer simulations using a mathematical antibiotic treatment model indicated that a small increase in MIC might decrease the efficacy of vancomycin in clearing a S. aureus infection. This prediction was supported in a Galleria mellonella infection model, where exposure of S. aureus to LL-37 abolished the antimicrobial effect of vancomycin. Thus, physiological relevant concentrations of LL-37 reduce susceptibility to vancomycin, indicating that tissue and host specific variations in LL-37 concentrations may influence vancomycin susceptibility in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Friberg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk, Hagedornsvej 1, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jakob Krause Haaber
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- SNIPRbiome, Lerso Parkallé 44, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Vestergaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anaëlle Fait
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Bruce R Levin
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hanne Ingmer
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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22
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Acosta MM, Bram JT, Sim D, Read AF. Effect of drug dose and timing of treatment on the emergence of drug resistance in vivo in a malaria model. Evol Med Public Health 2020; 2020:196-210. [PMID: 33209305 PMCID: PMC7652304 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is a significant interest in identifying clinically effective drug treatment regimens that minimize the de novo evolution of antimicrobial resistance in pathogen populations. However, in vivo studies that vary treatment regimens and directly measure drug resistance evolution are rare. Here, we experimentally investigate the role of drug dose and treatment timing on resistance evolution in an animal model. METHODOLOGY In a series of experiments, we measured the emergence of atovaquone-resistant mutants of Plasmodium chabaudi in laboratory mice, as a function of dose or timing of treatment (day post-infection) with the antimalarial drug atovaquone. RESULTS The likelihood of high-level resistance emergence increased with atovaquone dose. When varying the timing of treatment, treating either very early or late in infection reduced the risk of resistance. When we varied starting inoculum, resistance was more likely at intermediate inoculum sizes, which correlated with the largest population sizes at time of treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS (i) Higher doses do not always minimize resistance emergence and can promote the emergence of high-level resistance. (ii) Altering treatment timing affects the risk of resistance emergence, likely due to the size of the population at the time of treatment, although we did not test the effect of immunity whose influence may have been important in the case of late treatment. (iii) Finding the 'right' dose and 'right' time to maximize clinical gains and limit resistance emergence can vary depending on biological context and was non-trivial even in our simplified experiments. LAY SUMMARY In a mouse model of malaria, higher drug doses led to increases in drug resistance. The timing of drug treatment also impacted resistance emergence, likely due to the size of the population at the time of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica M Acosta
- Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Joshua T Bram
- Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Derek Sim
- Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Andrew F Read
- Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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23
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Zhang P, Zhao Q, Shi M, Yin C, Zhao Z, Shen K, Qiu Y, Xiao Y, Zhao Y, Yang X, Zhang Y. Fe 3O 4@TiO 2-Laden Neutrophils Activate Innate Immunity via Photosensitive Reactive Oxygen Species Release. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:261-271. [PMID: 31786926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although a variety of advanced sterilization materials and treatments have emerged, the complete elimination of bacterial infection, especially drug-resistant bacterial infection, remains an immense challenge. Here, we demonstrate the use of neutrophils loaded with photocatalytic nanoparticles to reduce bacterial infection. This method activates the immune system to achieve an anti-infection response. We prepared the photocatalytic nanoparticle-laden neutrophils in vivo through neutrophil phagocytosis. The resulting loaded cells retained the cell membrane functionality of the source cell, as well as the complete immune cell function of neutrophils, particularly the ability to recruit macrophages to the target area. Photocatalytic nanoparticle-laden neutrophils can target infection sites and release reactive oxygen species to induce the secretion of chemokines, leading to the targeted recruitment of macrophages and enhancing a powerful immune cascade. In a severe mouse infection model induced by pathogenic bacteria, small doses of photocatalytic nanoparticle-laden neutrophils showed a remarkable therapeutic effect by enhancing macrophage recruitment and the immune cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Miusi Shi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Chengcheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Zifan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Kailun Shen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Yun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Kelvin Grove , Queensland 4059 , Australia
| | - Yanbing Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430071 , China
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24
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Bumann D, Fanous J, Li J, Goormaghtigh F. Antibiotic chemotherapy against heterogeneous pathogen populations in complex host tissues. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31737252 PMCID: PMC6807158 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19441.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic chemotherapy effectively cures many infections caused by susceptible bacterial pathogens. However, in some cases, even extended treatment duration does not completely eradicate the pathogenic bacteria from host tissues. A common model for underlying mechanisms assumes the stochastic formation of bacterial persisters similar to observations in laboratory cultures. However, alternative explanations related to the complexity of infected host tissues could also be relevant. We discuss several of these aspects and emphasize the need for integrated analysis as a basis for new control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Bumann
- Research Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Fanous
- Research Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Jiagui Li
- Research Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Goormaghtigh
- Research Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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25
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Scire J, Hozé N, Uecker H. Aggressive or moderate drug therapy for infectious diseases? Trade-offs between different treatment goals at the individual and population levels. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1007223. [PMID: 31404059 PMCID: PMC6742410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major public health threats of the 21st century. There is a pressing need to adopt more efficient treatment strategies in order to prevent the emergence and spread of resistant strains. The common approach is to treat patients with high drug doses, both to clear the infection quickly and to reduce the risk of de novo resistance. Recently, several studies have argued that, at least in some cases, low-dose treatments could be more suitable to reduce the within-host emergence of antimicrobial resistance. However, the choice of a drug dose may have consequences at the population level, which has received little attention so far. Here, we study the influence of the drug dose on resistance and disease management at the host and population levels. We develop a nested two-strain model and unravel trade-offs in treatment benefits between an individual and the community. We use several measures to evaluate the benefits of any dose choice. Two measures focus on the emergence of resistance, at the host level and at the population level. The other two focus on the overall treatment success: the outbreak probability and the disease burden. We find that different measures can suggest different dosing strategies. In particular, we identify situations where low doses minimize the risk of emergence of resistance at the individual level, while high or intermediate doses prove most beneficial to improve the treatment efficiency or even to reduce the risk of resistance in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Scire
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathanaël Hozé
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (NH); (HU)
| | - Hildegard Uecker
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Research group Stochastic Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Evolutionary Theory, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- * E-mail: (NH); (HU)
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26
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Antibiotic Killing of Diversely Generated Populations of Nonreplicating Bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.02360-18. [PMID: 31036690 PMCID: PMC6591645 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02360-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonreplicating bacteria are known to be (or at least commonly thought to be) refractory to antibiotics to which they are genetically susceptible. Here, we explore the sensitivity to killing by bactericidal antibiotics of three classes of nonreplicating populations of planktonic bacteria: (i) stationary phase, when the concentration of resources and/or nutrients are too low to allow for population growth; (ii) persisters, minority subpopulations of susceptible bacteria surviving exposure to bactericidal antibiotics; and (iii) antibiotic-static cells, bacteria exposed to antibiotics that prevent their replication but kill them slowly if at all, the so-called bacteriostatic drugs. Using experimental populations of Staphylococcus aureus Newman and Escherichia coli K-12 (MG1655) and, respectively, nine and seven different bactericidal antibiotics, we estimated the rates at which these drugs kill these different types of nonreplicating bacteria. In contrast to the common belief that bacteria that are nonreplicating are refractory to antibiotic-mediated killing, all three types of nonreplicating populations of these Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are consistently killed by aminoglycosides and the peptide antibiotics daptomycin and colistin, respectively. This result indicates that nonreplicating cells, irrespectively of why they do not replicate, have an almost identical response to bactericidal antibiotics. We discuss the implications of these results to our understanding of the mechanisms of action of antibiotics and the possibility of adding a short-course of aminoglycosides or peptide antibiotics to conventional therapy of bacterial infections.
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27
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Computational Health Engineering Applied to Model Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance Spread. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9122486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are the primary cause of mortality worldwide. The dangers of infectious disease are compounded with antimicrobial resistance, which remains the greatest concern for human health. Although novel approaches are under investigation, the World Health Organization predicts that by 2050, septicaemia caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria could result in 10 million deaths per year. One of the main challenges in medical microbiology is to develop novel experimental approaches, which enable a better understanding of bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance. After the introduction of whole genome sequencing, there was a great improvement in bacterial detection and identification, which also enabled the characterization of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes. Today, the use of in silico experiments jointly with computational and machine learning offer an in depth understanding of systems biology, allowing us to use this knowledge for the prevention, prediction, and control of infectious disease. Herein, the aim of this review is to discuss the latest advances in human health engineering and their applicability in the control of infectious diseases. An in-depth knowledge of host–pathogen–protein interactions, combined with a better understanding of a host’s immune response and bacterial fitness, are key determinants for halting infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance dissemination.
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28
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The high prevalence of antibiotic heteroresistance in pathogenic bacteria is mainly caused by gene amplification. Nat Microbiol 2019; 4:504-514. [PMID: 30742072 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-018-0342-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
When choosing antibiotics to treat bacterial infections, it is assumed that the susceptibility of the target bacteria to an antibiotic is reflected by laboratory estimates of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) needed to prevent bacterial growth. A caveat of using MIC data for this purpose is heteroresistance, the presence of a resistant subpopulation in a main population of susceptible cells. We investigated the prevalence and mechanisms of heteroresistance in 41 clinical isolates of the pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii against 28 different antibiotics. For the 766 bacteria-antibiotic combinations tested, as much as 27.4% of the total was heteroresistant. Genetic analysis demonstrated that a majority of heteroresistance cases were unstable, with an increased resistance of the subpopulations resulting from spontaneous tandem amplifications, typically including known resistance genes. Using mathematical modelling, we show how heteroresistance in the parameter range estimated in this study can result in the failure of antibiotic treatment of infections with bacteria that are classified as antibiotic susceptible. The high prevalence of heteroresistance with the potential for treatment failure highlights the limitations of MIC as the sole criterion for susceptibility determinations. These results call for the development of facile and rapid protocols to identify heteroresistance in pathogens.
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29
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Campos M, Capilla R, Naya F, Futami R, Coque T, Moya A, Fernandez-Lanza V, Cantón R, Sempere JM, Llorens C, Baquero F. Simulating Multilevel Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance in a Membrane Computing Model. mBio 2019; 10:mBio.02460-18. [PMID: 30696743 PMCID: PMC6355984 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02460-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane computing is a bio-inspired computing paradigm whose devices are the so-called membrane systems or P systems. The P system designed in this work reproduces complex biological landscapes in the computer world. It uses nested "membrane-surrounded entities" able to divide, propagate, and die; to be transferred into other membranes; to exchange informative material according to flexible rules; and to mutate and be selected by external agents. This allows the exploration of hierarchical interactive dynamics resulting from the probabilistic interaction of genes (phenotypes), clones, species, hosts, environments, and antibiotic challenges. Our model facilitates analysis of several aspects of the rules that govern the multilevel evolutionary biology of antibiotic resistance. We examined a number of selected landscapes where we predict the effects of different rates of patient flow from hospital to the community and vice versa, the cross-transmission rates between patients with bacterial propagules of different sizes, the proportion of patients treated with antibiotics, and the antibiotics and dosing found in the opening spaces in the microbiota where resistant phenotypes multiply. We also evaluated the selective strengths of some drugs and the influence of the time 0 resistance composition of the species and bacterial clones in the evolution of resistance phenotypes. In summary, we provide case studies analyzing the hierarchical dynamics of antibiotic resistance using a novel computing model with reciprocity within and between levels of biological organization, a type of approach that may be expanded in the multilevel analysis of complex microbial landscapes.IMPORTANCE The work that we present here represents the culmination of many years of investigation in looking for a suitable methodology to simulate the multihierarchical processes involved in antibiotic resistance. Everything started with our early appreciation of the different independent but embedded biological units that shape the biology, ecology, and evolution of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Genes, plasmids carrying these genes, cells hosting plasmids, populations of cells, microbial communities, and host's populations constitute a complex system where changes in one component might influence the other ones. How would it be possible to simulate such a complexity of antibiotic resistance as it occurs in the real world? Can the process be predicted, at least at the local level? A few years ago, and because of their structural resemblance to biological systems, we realized that membrane computing procedures could provide a suitable frame to approach these questions. Our manuscript describes the first application of this modeling methodology to the field of antibiotic resistance and offers a bunch of examples-just a limited number of them in comparison with the possible ones to illustrate its unprecedented explanatory power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Information Systems and Computation (DSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Network Research Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Teresa Coque
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Antibiotic Resistance and Bacterial Virulence Unit (HRYC-CSIC), Superior Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Network Research Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Integrative Systems Biology Institute, University of Valencia and Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Val Fernandez-Lanza
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Cantón
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Antibiotic Resistance and Bacterial Virulence Unit (HRYC-CSIC), Superior Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Network Research Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Sempere
- Department of Information Systems and Computation (DSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Baquero
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Antibiotic Resistance and Bacterial Virulence Unit (HRYC-CSIC), Superior Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Network Research Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain
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30
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Windels EM, Michiels JE, Fauvart M, Wenseleers T, Van den Bergh B, Michiels J. Bacterial persistence promotes the evolution of antibiotic resistance by increasing survival and mutation rates. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:1239-1251. [PMID: 30647458 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Persisters are transiently antibiotic-tolerant cells that complicate the treatment of bacterial infections. Both theory and experiments have suggested that persisters facilitate genetic resistance by constituting an evolutionary reservoir of viable cells. Here, we provide evidence for a strong positive correlation between persistence and the likelihood to become genetically resistant in natural and lab strains of E. coli. This correlation can be partly attributed to the increased availability of viable cells associated with persistence. However, our data additionally show that persistence is pleiotropically linked with mutation rates. Our theoretical model further demonstrates that increased survival and mutation rates jointly affect the likelihood of evolving clinical resistance. Overall, these results suggest that the battle against antibiotic resistance will benefit from incorporating anti-persister therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etthel Martha Windels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joran Elie Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Fauvart
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Wenseleers
- Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van den Bergh
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Leuven, Belgium.,Douglas lab, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Leuven, Belgium.
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31
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Efimenko TA, Efremenkova OV, Demkina EV, Petrova MA, Sumarukova IG, Vasilyeva BF, El’-Registan GI. Bacteria Isolated from Antarctic Permafrost are Efficient Antibiotic Producers. Microbiology (Reading) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261718050089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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32
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Pienaar E, Linderman JJ, Kirschner DE. Emergence and selection of isoniazid and rifampin resistance in tuberculosis granulomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196322. [PMID: 29746491 PMCID: PMC5944939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistant tuberculosis is increasing world-wide. Resistance against isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), or both (multi-drug resistant TB, MDR-TB) is of particular concern, since INH and RIF form part of the standard regimen for TB disease. While it is known that suboptimal treatment can lead to resistance, it remains unclear how host immune responses and antibiotic dynamics within granulomas (sites of infection) affect emergence and selection of drug-resistant bacteria. We take a systems pharmacology approach to explore resistance dynamics within granulomas. We integrate spatio-temporal host immunity, INH and RIF dynamics, and bacterial dynamics (including fitness costs and compensatory mutations) in a computational framework. We simulate resistance emergence in the absence of treatment, as well as resistance selection during INH and/or RIF treatment. There are four main findings. First, in the absence of treatment, the percentage of granulomas containing resistant bacteria mirrors the non-monotonic bacterial dynamics within granulomas. Second, drug-resistant bacteria are less frequently found in non-replicating states in caseum, compared to drug-sensitive bacteria. Third, due to a steeper dose response curve and faster plasma clearance of INH compared to RIF, INH-resistant bacteria have a stronger influence on treatment outcomes than RIF-resistant bacteria. Finally, under combination therapy with INH and RIF, few MDR bacteria are able to significantly affect treatment outcomes. Overall, our approach allows drug-specific prediction of drug resistance emergence and selection in the complex granuloma context. Since our predictions are based on pre-clinical data, our approach can be implemented relatively early in the treatment development process, thereby enabling pro-active rather than reactive responses to emerging drug resistance for new drugs. Furthermore, this quantitative and drug-specific approach can help identify drug-specific properties that influence resistance and use this information to design treatment regimens that minimize resistance selection and expand the useful life-span of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsje Pienaar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Linderman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Denise E. Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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Wollein Waldetoft K, Brown SP. Alternative therapeutics for self-limiting infections-An indirect approach to the antibiotic resistance challenge. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2003533. [PMID: 29283999 PMCID: PMC5746204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2003533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative therapeutics for infectious diseases is a top priority, but what infections should be the primary targets? At present there is a focus on therapies for severe infections, for which effective treatment is most needed, but these infections are hard to manage, and progress has been limited. Here, we explore a different approach. Applying an evolutionary perspective to a review of antibiotic prescription studies, we identify infections that likely make a large contribution to resistance evolution across multiple taxa but are clinically mild and thus present easier targets for therapeutics development. Alternative therapeutics for these infections, we argue, would save lives indirectly by preserving the high efficacy of existing antibiotics for the patients who need them the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristofer Wollein Waldetoft
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Sam P. Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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