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Li C, Gao X, Li H, Wang T, Lu F, Qin H. Growth-Coupled Evolutionary Pressure Improving Epimerases for D-Allulose Biosynthesis Using a Biosensor-Assisted In Vivo Selection Platform. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306478. [PMID: 38308132 PMCID: PMC11005681 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Fast screening strategies that enable high-throughput evaluation and identification of desired variants from diversified enzyme libraries are crucial to tailoring biocatalysts for the synthesis of D-allulose, which is currently limited by the poor catalytic performance of ketose 3-epimerases (KEases). Here, the study designs a minimally equipment-dependent, high-throughput, and growth-coupled in vivo screening platform founded on a redesigned D-allulose-dependent biosensor system. The genetic elements modulating regulator PsiR expression levels undergo systematic optimization to improve the growth-responsive dynamic range of the biosensor, which presents ≈30-fold facilitated growth optical density with a high signal-to-noise ratio (1.52 to 0.05) toward D-allulose concentrations from 0 to 100 mm. Structural analysis and evolutionary conservation analysis of Agrobacterium sp. SUL3 D-allulose 3-epimerase (ADAE) reveal a highly conserved catalytic active site and variable hydrophobic pocket, which together regulate substrate recognition. Structure-guided rational design and directed evolution are implemented using the growth-coupled in vivo screening platform to reprogram ADAE, in which a mutant M42 (P38N/V102A/Y201L/S207N/I251R) is identified with a 6.28-fold enhancement of catalytic activity and significantly improved thermostability with a 2.5-fold increase of the half-life at 60 °C. The research demonstrates that biosensor-assisted growth-coupled evolutionary pressure combined with structure-guided rational design provides a universal route for engineering KEases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial EnzymesCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P. R. China
| | - Xin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial EnzymesCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P. R. China
| | - Huimin Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial EnzymesCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial EnzymesCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P. R. China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial EnzymesCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Min Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyNational Engineering Laboratory for Industrial EnzymesCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457P. R. China
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Liu F, Chen S, Pan F, Zhao Z, Liu M, Wang L. Establishment of the Biotransformation of D-Allulose and D-Allose Systems in Full-Red Jujube Monosaccharides. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3084. [PMID: 37687330 PMCID: PMC10489948 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce sucrose content in jujube juice and prepare a jujube juice beverage rich in rare sugars, jujube juice was used as raw material for multienzyme catalysis in this study. The effects of single factors such as substrate, pH, DPE and L-RI addition ratio, enzyme treatment temperature, and metal ions on sucrose conversion and D-allulose formation in jujube juice were investigated. Changes in glucose, D-allulose, and D-allose contents in jujube juice before and after enzyme conversion were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that 'Xiangfenmuzao' was more suitable for subsequent double enzyme coupling reactions in different varieties of jujube juice at different periods. Factors such as pH, DPE and L-RI enzyme ratio, temperature, and treatment time had significant effects on sucrose conversion and D-allulose production in 'Xiangfenmuzao' juice (p < 0.05). When the ratio of DPE and L-RI was 1:10, pH was 7.5, and the temperature was 60 °C for 7 h, the fructose content in the full-red stage jujube juice of 'Xiangfenmuzao' and 'Jinsixiaozao' decreased gradually, and the final yield was about 53%. The yield of D-allulose was about 29%, and the yield of D-allulose was about 17%. In this study, DPE and L-RI were used to treat whole red jujube juice, which could effectively reduce sucrose content in jujube juice and obtain a functional jujube juice beverage that is low in calories and rich in rare sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawei Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (F.L.); (S.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Shuangjiang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (F.L.); (S.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Fuxu Pan
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (F.L.); (S.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
| | - Mengjun Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
| | - Lili Wang
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
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Tan JH, Chen A, Bi J, Lim YH, Wong FT, Ow DSW. The Engineering, Expression, and Immobilization of Epimerases for D-allulose Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12703. [PMID: 37628886 PMCID: PMC10454905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The rare sugar D-allulose is a potential replacement for sucrose with a wide range of health benefits. Conventional production involves the employment of the Izumoring strategy, which utilises D-allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase) or D-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase) to convert D-fructose into D-allulose. Additionally, the process can also utilise D-tagatose 3-epimerase (DTEase). However, the process is not efficient due to the poor thermotolerance of the enzymes and low conversion rates between the sugars. This review describes three newly identified DAEases that possess desirable properties for the industrial-scale manufacturing of D-allulose. Other methods used to enhance process efficiency include the engineering of DAEases for improved thermotolerance or acid resistance, the utilization of Bacillus subtilis for the biosynthesis of D-allulose, and the immobilization of DAEases to enhance its activity, half-life, and stability. All these research advancements improve the yield of D-allulose, hence closing the gap between the small-scale production and industrial-scale manufacturing of D-allulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hao Tan
- Microbial Cell Bioprocessing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138668, Singapore;
| | - Anqi Chen
- Chemical Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138665, Singapore; (A.C.); (F.T.W.)
| | - Jiawu Bi
- Molecular Engineering Lab, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Yee Hwee Lim
- Chemical Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138665, Singapore; (A.C.); (F.T.W.)
- Synthetic Biology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Fong Tian Wong
- Chemical Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138665, Singapore; (A.C.); (F.T.W.)
- Molecular Engineering Lab, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore;
| | - Dave Siak-Wei Ow
- Microbial Cell Bioprocessing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138668, Singapore;
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Chen Y, Chen Y, Ming D, Zhu L, Jiang L. Highly efficiency production of D-allulose from inulin using curli fiber multi-enzyme cascade catalysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124468. [PMID: 37088188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
D-Allulose is a rare sugar with numerous physiological benefits and low caloric content, which can be obtained from inulin through enzymatic catalysis. In this study, we combined D-allulose 3-epimerase, exo- and endo-inulinases (EXINU and ENINU) with the NGTag/NGCatcher/CsgA system to accelerate D-allulose accumulation from inulin. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to screen linkers of appropriate length for ENINU. In vitro, we successfully observed the assembled NGCatcher_ENINU_CsgA, NGTag_EXINU, and DAERK fibers using fluorescent labelling with GFP, YFP, and mCherry. The optimal pH and temperature of the tagged variants were comparable to those of the wild-type, and the MD simulations showed that NGCatcher_ENINU_CsgA had improved stability in the working environment of EXINU. D-Allulose accumulation rate of the assembled enzymes cascade (NGCatcher_ENINU_CsgA/NGTag_EXINU_CsgA/DAERK) reached 0.25 g/L min-1 (1.25 mgD-allulose mgDAERK-1 min-1) at an inulin concentration of 100 g/L. The assembled system greatly improves the high-valued productions of rare sugars from cheap biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yujin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dengming Ming
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Guo Y, Feng T, Wang Z, Li H, Wei X, Chen J, Niu D, Liu J. Phosphorylation-Driven Production of d-Allulose from d-Glucose by Coupling with an ATP Regeneration System. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15539-15547. [PMID: 36458726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
d-Allulose is a desirable sucrose substitute with potential applications in food and health care. d-Allulose can be synthesized using d-glucose as a substrate through coupling glucose isomerase with d-allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase); however, the product yield is typically less than 20% at reaction equilibrium and thus limits its use in industrial applications. Here, a 3R-ketose phosphorylation pathway coupled with an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regeneration system was developed for the efficient synthesis of d-allulose in Escherichia coli using d-glucose as a substrate. The l-rhamnulose kinase (RhaB) was used to break the inherent reaction equilibrium due to its substrate specificity, resulting in increases in d-allulose titer by 69.9% to 4.96 ± 0.49 g/L. By optimizing the whole cell transformation conditions and designing an ATP regeneration module, d-allulose production reached 17.62 ± 0.77 g/L from 30 g/L d-glucose with a final yield of 0.73 g/g without the addition of exogenous ATP. To evaluate the potential industrial application of this multienzyme cascade system, d-allulose was produced from cane molasses (124.16 ± 2.69 g/L glucose equivalent) with a final d-allulose titer of 62.60 ± 3.76 g/L. The present study provides a practical enzymatic approach for the economical synthesis of d-allulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Wei
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Sciences Research Institute, Longzhou, Guangxi 532415, China
| | - Debao Niu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jidong Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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Zhang W, Wei M, Sun X, Lu F, Guan L, Mao S, Qin HM. Fine-Tuning of Carbon Flux and Artificial Promoters in Bacillus subtilis Enables High-Level Biosynthesis of d-Allulose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13935-13944. [PMID: 36278912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
d-Allulose is an attractive rare sugar that can be used as a low-calorie sweetener with significant health benefits. To meet the increasing market demands, it is necessary to develop an efficient and extensive microbial fermentation platform for the synthesis of d-allulose. Here, we applied a comprehensive systematic engineering strategy in Bacillus subtilis WB600 by introducing d-allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase), combined with the deactivation of fruA, levDEFG, and gmuE, to balance the metabolic network for the efficient production of d-allulose. This resulting strain initially produced 3.24 g/L of d-allulose with a yield of 0.93 g of d-allulose/g d-fructose. We further screened and obtained a suitable dual promoter combination and performed fine-tuning of its spacer region. After 64 h of fed-batch fermentation, the optimized engineered B. subtilis produced d-allulose at titers of 74.2 g/L with a yield of 0.93 g/g and a conversion rate of 27.6%. This d-allulose production strain is a promising platform for the industrial production of rare sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Meijing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Guan
- Institute of Food Processing, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shuhong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Min Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
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7
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The Characterization of a Novel D-allulose 3-Epimerase from Blautia produca and Its Application in D-allulose Production. Foods 2022; 11:3225. [PMCID: PMC9601914 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
D-allulose is a natural rare sugar with important physiological properties that is used in food, health care items, and even the pharmaceutical industry. In the current study, a novel D-allulose 3-epimerase gene (Bp-DAE) from the probiotic strain Blautia produca was discovered for the production and characterization of an enzyme known as Bp-DAE that can epimerize D-fructose into D-allulose. Bp-DAE was strictly dependent on metals (Mn2+ and Co2+), and the addition of 1 mM of Mn2+ could enhance the half-life of Bp-DAE at 55 °C from 60 to 180 min. It exhibited optimal activity in a pH of 8 and 55 °C, and the Km values of Bp-DAE for the different substrates D-fructose and D-allulose were 235.7 and 150.7 mM, respectively. Bp-DAE was used for the transformation from 500 g/L D-fructose to 150 g/L D-allulose and exhibited a 30% of conversion yield during biotransformation. Furthermore, it was possible to employ the food-grade microbial species Bacillus subtilis for the production of D-allulose using a technique of whole-cell catalysis to circumvent the laborious process of enzyme purification and to obtain a more stable biocatalyst. This method also yields a 30% conversion yield.
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8
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Vitamin C mitigates hematological and biochemical alterations caused by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate toxicity in female albino mice, Mus musculus. COMPARATIVE CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:1005-1016. [PMID: 36247333 PMCID: PMC9540055 DOI: 10.1007/s00580-022-03400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is ubiquitous environmental contaminant and identified as endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), present in plastics as plasticizer. Due to its versatile use, human exposure level reaches to danger limit. The main focus of our study is to see the effect of vitamin C on hematological and biochemical alterations caused by Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate toxicity in female albino mice, Mus musculus. It is found to cause defects of the liver, kidney, and lungs. Its anti-androgenic nature brings the main focus on its toxicity associated with reproductive and endocrine system. In this experimental study, 18 young female Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus, were used and divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each as control (corn oil vehicle), DEHP group (100 mg/kg body weight dissolved in corn oil), and DEHP + vitamin-C group (100 mg/kg body weight each, dissolved in corn oil and double distilled water, respectively) for 90 days. In this research, serum metabolites were evaluated to study the effect of DEHP on glucose, total protein, and lipid profile along with some hematological, enzymological, and oxidative stress parameters. Simultaneously, we compared the effectiveness of vitamin-C against DEHP toxicity to mitigate the serum homeostasis disturbance. In present study, we observed, in DEHP-treated animals, glucose, triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels increased remarkably, whereas total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total RBC count, total WBC count, and hemoglobin (Hb) level significantly decreased as compared to control group. In addition, we noticed there was a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increase in levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in DEHP treatment group as compared to control group. The results indicated vitamin C had a better improving effect against DEHP toxicity on balancing metabolic abnormalities and inflammation-related comorbidities.
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Chen Z, Gao XD, Li Z. Recent Advances Regarding the Physiological Functions and Biosynthesis of D-Allulose. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:881037. [PMID: 35495640 PMCID: PMC9048046 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.881037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
D-Allulose, a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) sugar, is rare in nature. It is among the most promising sweeteners for future use due to its low caloric content, sucrose-like taste, and unique functions. D-Allulose has many physiological effects, such as antiobesity, antihyperglycemia, antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, D-allulose has important application value in the food, pharmaceutical, and healthcare industries. However, the high cost of D-allulose production limits its large-scale application. Currently, biotransformation is very attractive for D-allulose synthesis, with the two main methods of biosynthesis being the Izumoring strategy and the DHAP-dependent aldolase strategy. This article reviews recent advances regarding the physiological functions and biosynthesis of D-allulose. In addition, future perspectives on the production of D-allulose are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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10
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Guo Q, Zheng LJ, Luo X, Gao XQ, Liu CY, Deng L, Fan LH, Zheng HD. Engineering Escherichia coli for d-Allulose Production from d-Fructose by Fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13578-13585. [PMID: 34736320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
d-Allulose is considered an ideal alternative to sucrose and has shown tremendous application potential in many fields. Recently, most efforts on production of d-allulose have focused on in vitro enzyme-catalyzed epimerization of cheap hexoses. Here, we proposed an approach to efficiently produce d-allulose through fermentation using metabolically engineered Escherichia coli JM109 (DE3), in which a SecY (ΔP) channel and a d-allulose 3-epimerase (DPEase) were co-expressed, ensuring that d-fructose could be transported in its nonphosphorylated form and then converted into d-allulose by cells. Further deletion of fruA, manXYZ, mak, galE, and fruK and the use of Ni2+ in a medium limited the carbon flux flowing into the byproduct-generating pathways and the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway, achieving a ≈ 0.95 g/g yield of d-allulose on d-fructose using E. coli (DPEase, SecY [ΔP], ΔFruA, ΔManXYZ, ΔMak, ΔGalE, ΔFruK) and 8 μM Ni2+. In fed-batch fermentation, the titer of d-allulose reached ≈23.3 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Jie Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Luo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Quan Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hai Fan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Dong Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Fine Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, People's Republic of China
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11
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Hu M, Li M, Jiang B, Zhang T. Bioproduction of D-allulose: Properties, applications, purification, and future perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:6012-6026. [PMID: 34668314 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
D-allulose is the C-3 epimer of D-fructose, which rarely exists in nature, and can be biosynthesized from D-fructose by the catalysis of D-psicose 3-epimerase. D-allulose is safe for human consumption and was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for food applications. It is not only able be used in food and dietary supplements as a low-calorie sweetener, but also modulates a variety of physiological functions. D-allulose has gained increasing attention owing to its excellent properties. This article presents a review of recent progress on the properties, applications, and bioproduction progress of D-allulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Mengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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Biochemical synthesis of the medicinal sugar l-gulose using fungal alditol oxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 575:85-89. [PMID: 34461440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Some rare sugars can be potently medicinal, such as l-gulose. In this study, we present a novel alditol oxidase (fAldOx) from the soil fungus Penicillium sp. KU-1, and its application for the effective production of l-gulose. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a successful direct conversion of d-sorbitol to l-gulose. We further purified it to homogeneity with a ∼108-fold purification and an overall yield of 3.26%, and also determined the effectors of fAldOx. The enzyme possessed broad substrate specificity for alditols such as erythritol (kcat/KM, 355 m-1 s-1), thus implying that the effective production of multiple rare sugars for medicinal applications may be possible.
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Xia Y, Cheng Q, Mu W, Hu X, Sun Z, Qiu Y, Liu X, Wang Z. Research Advances of d-allulose: An Overview of Physiological Functions, Enzymatic Biotransformation Technologies, and Production Processes. Foods 2021; 10:2186. [PMID: 34574296 PMCID: PMC8467252 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
d-allulose has a significant application value as a sugar substitute, not only as a food ingredient and dietary supplement, but also with various physiological functions, such as improving insulin resistance, anti-obesity, and regulating glucolipid metabolism. Over the decades, the physiological functions of d-allulose and the corresponding mechanisms have been studied deeply, and this product has been applied to various foods to enhance food quality and prolong shelf life. In recent years, biotransformation technologies for the production of d-allulose using enzymatic approaches have gained more attention. However, there are few comprehensive reviews on this topic. This review focuses on the recent research advances of d-allulose, including (1) the physiological functions of d-allulose; (2) the major enzyme families used for the biotransformation of d-allulose and their microbial origins; (3) phylogenetic and structural characterization of d-allulose 3-epimerases, and the directed evolution methods for the enzymes; (4) heterologous expression of d-allulose ketose 3-epimerases and biotransformation techniques for d-allulose; and (5) production processes for biotransformation of d-allulose based on the characterized enzymes. Furthermore, the future trends on biosynthesis and applications of d-allulose in food and health industries are discussed and evaluated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.M.); (Z.W.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qianqian Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.M.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiuyu Hu
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing 100833, China;
| | - Zhen Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Yangyu Qiu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Ximing Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.M.); (Z.W.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Q.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.Q.); (X.L.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Kuroishikawa T, Yoshihara A, Furuta I, Mochizuki S, Watanabe A, Izumori K, Asada Y. Efficient production of the rare sugar l-gulose using a wheat-bran culture extract of Penicillium sp. KU-1. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1915-1918. [PMID: 34124745 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
We found that l-gulose, a rare sugar, was produced from d-sorbitol efficiently, using a wheat-bran culture extract of the fungus Penicillium sp. KU-1 isolated from soil. The culture extract showed enzyme activity for the oxidation of d-sorbitol to produce l-gulose; a high production yield of approximately 94% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kuroishikawa
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, Tarumi, Ehime, Japan
| | - Akihide Yoshihara
- Internatioal Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Itsumi Furuta
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Mochizuki
- Internatioal Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Izumori
- Internatioal Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Asada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
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Li Y, Shi T, Han P, You C. Thermodynamics-Driven Production of Value-Added d-Allulose from Inexpensive Starch by an In Vitro Enzymatic Synthetic Biosystem. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport
Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport
Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Pingping Han
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport
Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Chun You
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport
Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Wang Y, Ravikumar Y, Zhang G, Yun J, Zhang Y, Parvez A, Qi X, Sun W. Biocatalytic Synthesis of D-Allulose Using Novel D-Tagatose 3-Epimerase From Christensenella minuta. Front Chem 2020; 8:622325. [PMID: 33363120 PMCID: PMC7758420 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.622325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
D-allulose, which is one of the important rare sugars, has gained significant attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a potential alternative to sucrose and fructose. Enzymes belonging to the D-tagatose 3-epimerase (DTEase) family can reversibly catalyze the epimerization of D-fructose at the C3 position and convert it into D-allulose by a good number of naturally occurring microorganisms. However, microbial synthesis of D-allulose is still at its immature stage in the industrial arena, mostly due to the preference of slightly acidic conditions for Izumoring reactions. Discovery of novel DTEase that works at acidic conditions is highly preferred for industrial applications. In this study, a novel DTEase, DTE-CM, capable of catalyzing D-fructose into D-allulose was applications. In this study, a novel DTEase, DTE-CM, capable of catalyzing D-fructose into D-allulose was DTE-CM on D-fructose was found to be remarkably influenced and modulated by the type of metal ions (co-factors). The DTE-CM on D-fructose was found to be remarkably influenced and modulated by the type of metal ions (co-factors). The 50°C from 0.5 to 3.5 h at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The enzyme exhibited its maximum catalytic activity on D-fructose at pH 6.0 and 50°C from 0.5 to 3.5 h at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The enzyme exhibited its maximum catalytic activity on -fructose at pH 6.0 and 50°C with a K cat /K m value of 45 mM-1min-1. The 500 g/L D-fructose, which corresponded to 30% conversion rate. With these interesting catalytic properties, this enzyme could be a promising candidate for industrial biocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Amreesh Parvez
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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17
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Li W, Zhu Y, Jiang X, Zhang W, Guang C, Mu W. One-pot production of d-allulose from inulin by a novel identified thermostable exoinulinase from Aspergillus piperis and Dorea sp. d-allulose 3-epimerase. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Dedania SR, Patel VK, Soni SS, Patel DH. Immobilization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens d-psicose 3-epimerase onto titanium dioxide for bioconversion of rare sugar. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 140:109605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Fu G, Dai J, Li Z, Chen F, Liu L, Yi L, Teng Z, Quan C, Zhang L, Zhou T, Donkersley P, Song S, Shi Y. The role of STAT3/p53 and PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway on DEHP-induced reproductive toxicity in pubertal male rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 404:115151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Amara I, Timoumi R, Annabi E, Salem IB, Abid-Essefi S. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate inhibits glutathione regeneration and dehydrogenases of the pentose phosphate pathway on human colon carcinoma cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:151-162. [PMID: 31848848 PMCID: PMC6985414 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates, particularly di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), are compounds widely used as plasticizers and have become serious global contaminants. Because of the bioaccumulation of such substances, the food chain is at risk. The food contamination by some phthalates has been linked to different side effects in experimental animals. That is why we have chosen the intestinal system's cells which represent the primary targets of these compounds to test their toxic effects. Human colon carcinoma cells (HCT 116) were chosen to elucidate whether DEHP triggers oxidative stress and apoptosis. Our results indicated that DEHP is cytotoxic; it induces the overexpression of Hsp70 protein and causes oxidative damage through the generation of free radicals leading to lipid peroxidation induction and the increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition, cell treatment with DEHP resulted in a glutathione (GSH) content decrease and a decrease in the glutathione reductase (GR) activity. As new evidence provided in this study, we demonstrated that the DEHP affected the two enzymes' activities of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD). This leads to a decrease in the level of NADPH used by the GR to maintain the regeneration of the reduced GSH. We also demonstrated that such effects can be responsible for DEHP-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Amara
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rim Timoumi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Emna Annabi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Intidhar Ben Salem
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Sousse, Avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
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21
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Encircling granulosa cells protects against di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-induced apoptosis in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. ZYGOTE 2019; 27:203-213. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199419000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe present study investigated if the presence of encircling granulosa cells protected against di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced oxidative stress in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. Denuded oocytes and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were treated with or without various doses of DEHP (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM) in vitro. Morphological apoptotic changes, levels of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression levels of apoptotic markers (Bcl2, Bax, cytochrome c) were analyzed. Our results showed that DEHP induced morphological apoptotic changes in a dose-dependent manner in denuded oocytes cultured in vitro. The effective dose of DEHP (400 µg) significantly (P>0.05) increased oxidative stress by elevating ROS levels and the mitochondrial membrane potential with higher mRNA expression and protein levels of apoptotic markers (Bax, cytochrome c). Encircling granulosa cells protected oocytes from DEHP-induced morphological changes, increased oxidative stress and ROS levels, as well as increased expression of apoptotic markers. Taken together our data suggested that encircling granulosa cells protected oocytes against DEHP-induced apoptosis and that the presence of granulosa cells could act positively towards the survival of oocytes under in vitro culture conditions and may be helpful during assisted reproductive technique programmes.
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22
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Genetic resistance to DEHP-induced transgenerational endocrine disruption. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208371. [PMID: 31181066 PMCID: PMC6557477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) interferes with sex hormones signaling pathways (SHP). C57BL/6J mice prenatally exposed to 300 mg/kg/day DEHP develop a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) at adulthood, but similarly-exposed FVB/N mice are not affected. Here we aim to understand the reasons behind this drastic difference that should depend on the genome of the strain. In both backgrounds, pregnant female mice received per os either DEHP or corn oil vehicle and the male filiations were examined. Computer-assisted sperm analysis showed a DEHP-induced decreased sperm count and velocities in C57BL/6J. Sperm RNA sequencing experiments resulted in the identification of the 62 most differentially expressed RNAs. These RNAs, mainly regulated by hormones, produced strain-specific transcriptional responses to prenatal exposure to DEHP; a pool of RNAs was increased in FVB, another pool of RNAs was decreased in C57BL/6J. In FVB/N, analysis of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) impacting SHP identified rs387782768 and rs29315913 respectively associated with absence of the Forkhead Box A3 (Foxa3) RNA and increased expression of estrogen receptor 1 variant 4 (NM_001302533) RNA. Analysis of the role of SNPs modifying SHP binding sites in function of strain-specific responses to DEHP revealed a DEHP-resistance allele in FVB/N containing an additional FOXA1-3 binding site at rs30973633 and four DEHP-induced beta-defensins (Defb42, Defb30, Defb47 and Defb48). A DEHP-susceptibility allele in C57BL/6J contained five SNPs (rs28279710, rs32977910, rs46648903, rs46677594 and rs48287999) affecting SHP and six genes (Svs2, Svs3b, Svs4, Svs3a, Svs6 and Svs5) epigenetically silenced by DEHP. Finally, targeted experiments confirmed increased methylation in the Svs3ab promoter with decreased SEMG2 persisting across generations, providing a molecular explanation for the transgenerational sperm velocity decrease found in C57BL/6J after DEHP exposure. We conclude that the existence of SNP-dependent mechanisms in FVB/N inbred mice may confer resistance to transgenerational endocrine disruption.
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Juneja A, Zhang G, Jin YS, Singh V. Bioprocessing and technoeconomic feasibility analysis of simultaneous production of d-psicose and ethanol using engineered yeast strain KAM-2GD. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 275:27-34. [PMID: 30576911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the processing and technoeconomic feasibility of coproduction of d-psicose and ethanol in a modified dry grind ethanol process. The yeast strain was constructed by expressing d-psicose 3-epimerases (DPE) in Sachharomyces cerevisiae. The strain was capable of converting d-fructose to d-psicose at 55 °C with a conversion efficiency of 26.6%. A comprehensive process model for modified dry grind ethanol plant with 396,000 MT/yr corn processing capacity was developed using SuperPro Designer. Predicted ethanol and d-psicose yields were 390.4 L and 75.3 kg per MT of corn, with total annual production of 154.6 million L and 29,835 MT respectively. The capital investment for the plant was estimated as 150.3 million USD with total operating cost of 85.2 million USD/yr. The unit production cost and minimum selling price of d-psicose with an internal rate of return of 15% were calculated as $0.43/kg and $1.29/kg respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Juneja
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Guochang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Vijay Singh
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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Tripathi A, Pandey V, Sahu AN, Singh A, Dubey PK. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) inhibits steroidogenesis and induces mitochondria-ROS mediated apoptosis in rat ovarian granulosa cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:381-394. [PMID: 31160972 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress (OS) due to ubiquitous exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) can affect the quality of oocytes by inducing apoptosis and hampering granulosa cell mediated steroidogenesis. This study was carried out to investigate whether DEHP induced OS affects steroidogenesis and induces apoptosis in rat ovarian granulosa cells. OS was induced by exposing granulosa cells to various concentrations of DEHP (0.0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM) for 72 h in vitro. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial membrane potential, cellular senescence, apoptosis, steroid hormones (estradiol & progesterone) and gene expression were analyzed. The results showed that an effective dose of DEHP (400 μg) significantly increased OS by elevating the ROS level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and β-galactosidase activity with higher mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes (Bax, cytochrome-c and caspase3) and a lower level of an anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl2) as compared to the control. Further, DEHP significantly (P > 0.05) decreased the level of steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in a conditioned medium and this effect was reciprocated with a lower expression (P > 0.05) of steroidogenic responsive genes (Cyp11a1, Cyp19A1, Star, ERβ1) in treated granulosa cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) rescues the effects of DEHP on OS, ROS, β-galactosidase levels and gene expression activities. Altogether, these results suggest that DEHP induces oxidative stress via ROS generation and inhibits steroid synthesis via modulating steroidogenic responsive genes, which leads to the induction of apoptosis through the activation of Bax/Bcl-2-cytochrome-c and the caspase-3-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in rat granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anima Tripathi
- Department of Zoology , MMV-BHU , Varanasi-221005 , India .
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders , Institute of Science , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi-221005 , India . ; Tel: +91 9451890938
| | - Alakh N Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Eng. & Tech. IIT-BHU , Varanasi-221005 , India
| | - Alok Singh
- Department of Medicine , IMS-BHU , Varanasi-221005 , India
| | - Pawan K Dubey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders , Institute of Science , Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi-221005 , India . ; Tel: +91 9451890938
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25
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Karabulut G, Barlas N. Genotoxic, histologic, immunohistochemical, morphometric and hormonal effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) on reproductive systems in pre-pubertal male rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:859-873. [PMID: 30310663 PMCID: PMC6116808 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00045j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer and people are exposed to various amounts on a daily basis. This study was designed to evaluate the genotoxic, histologic, immunohistochemical, morphometric and hormonal effects of DEHP (100, 200 and 400 mg kg-1 per day DEHP) administered daily to rats by oral gavage for 28 days. The rats were divided into five groups including oil control, positive control (MMS) and treatment groups (100, 200 and 400 mg kg-1 per day DEHP). They were euthanized at the end of the experiment, organ and body weights were recorded and serum was collected for biochemical and hormone analysis. The genotoxic effect was measured in blood and sperm using the Comet assay. The testes, epididymis, prostate gland and seminal vesicle were collected and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathologic analysis. Epithelial height, luminal and tubular diameters (μM) in seminiferous tubules were also measured. Moreover, the study revealed an increase in the DNA damage level in both blood lymphocytes and sperm. At the end of the experiment, the tail intensity showed a significant increase in the 100 mg kg-1 per day (p = 0.032), 200 mg kg-1 per day (p = 0.019) and 400 mg kg-1 per day (p = 0.012) dose groups compared to the control group in blood. Furthermore, testosterone was decreased in all treatment groups compared to the control group. Besides, DEHP caused a significant decrease in the leukocyte levels (p = 0.017) and hemoglobin content, as well as an increased mean cell volume (MCV) count (p = 0.029) in the 400 mg kg-1 per day group when compared to the control values. It is important to indicate that there were apoptotic cells seen in the lumen of testes in the 200 and 400 mg kg-1 per day dose groups using the Tunel method. Therefore, with this study, it has been illustrated that DEHP caused DNA damage in blood and sperm and concrete negative effects on the reproductive system in rats from the pre-pubertal period to the pubertal period. This is a unique study since there has not been any other study that presents the indicated level of DNA damage while considering the genotoxic, histologic, immunohistochemical, morphometric and hormonal effects of DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Karabulut
- Dumlupınar University , Faculty of Science , Department of Biology , Kütahya , Turkey
| | - Nurhayat Barlas
- Hacettepe University , Science Faculty , Department of Biology , 06800 , Beytepe Campus , Ankara , Turkey
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26
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Lycopene abrogates di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induced testicular injury by modulating oxidative, endocrine and inflammatory changes in mice. Life Sci 2018; 207:265-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Huang J, Chen Z, Zhang T, Guang C, Mu W. Thermostability Improvement of the d-Allulose 3-Epimerase from Dorea sp. CAG317 by Site-Directed Mutagenesis at the Interface Regions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5593-5601. [PMID: 29762031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
d-Allulose is a low-calorie sweetener and has broad applications in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, most studies focus on d-allulose production from d-fructose by d-allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase). However, the major blocker of industrial production of d-allulose is the poor thermostability. In this study, site-directed mutagenesis at the interface regions of Dorea sp. DAEase was carried out, and the F154Y/E191D/I193F mutation was obtained. The mutant protein displayed much higher thermostability, with a t1/2 value of 20.47 h (50 °C) and a Tm value of 74.18 °C. Compared with the wild-type DAEase, the t1/2 value at 50 °C increased by 5.4-fold, and the Tm value increased by 17.54 °C. In the d-allulose production from 500 g/L d-fructose, 148.2 g/L d-allulose could be obtained by F154Y/E191D/I193F mutant protein. The results suggest that site-directed mutagenesis at the interface regions is an efficient approach for improving the thermostability of DAEase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Science , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Avenue , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
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Choi SM, Lim DS, Kim MK, Yoon S, Kacew S, Kim HS, Lee BM. Inhibition of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced endocrine disruption by co-treatment of vitamins C and E and their mechanism of action. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:748-760. [PMID: 29842840 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1473262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The endocrine disrupting actions of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on testicular functions are postulated to involve excess free radical generation. Thus the aim of this study was to examine the ability of antioxidant vitamins C and E to prevent DEHP-induced testicular disruption in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. SD male rats were administered DEHP alone or DEHP with vitamin C and/or vitamin E for 30 days. DEHP alone increased the levels of testosterone (T) and reduced estradiol (E2) concentrations. Supplementation with antioxidant vitamins diminished or restored serum T levels noted in DEHP-treated rats to control values. In contrast vitamins C and E increased E2 levels to control in rats administered DEHP. Antioxidants significantly improved the decreased testicular levels of reduced glutathione and activity of superoxide dismutase compared to DEHP-treatment alone. Co-treatment of vitamins C and E also markedly improved the reduced epididymal sperm head counts and elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) or 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) induced by DEHP treatment. These results support the concept that the adverse actions of DEHP may be related to increased free radical generation while co-treatment with vitamins C and E significantly blocked the actions of DEHP on male testicular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Min Choi
- a Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Duck Soo Lim
- a Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Min Kook Kim
- a Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Sungpil Yoon
- a Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Sam Kacew
- b McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- a Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Byung-Mu Lee
- a Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
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Narayan Patel S, Singh V, Sharma M, Sangwan RS, Singhal NK, Singh SP. Development of a thermo-stable and recyclable magnetic nanobiocatalyst for bioprocessing of fruit processing residues and D-allulose synthesis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:633-639. [PMID: 28988049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to covalently immobilize Smt3-D-psicose 3-epimerase onto functionalized iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. After immobilization, Km of the immobilized enzyme increased, however, Vmax was nearly the same as that of its free form, indicating that immobilization has no detrimental effects on its catalytic output. The covalent immobilization caused a reduction in the deactivation rate constant (kd) values leading to 4-5 fold enhancement in its half-life at 50-65°C, indicating significant thermal stability of the iron-enzyme nanobioconjugate. The immobilized enzyme showed excellent storage stability by losing only 20% activity even after 60days of storage at 4°C. The immobilized enzyme retained up to 90% of its initial activity even after 10 consecutive cycles of catalyzing D-fructose epimerization reactions. Thus, after immobilization the enzyme exhibited remarkable improvements in thermal tolerance, storage stability and recycling efficiency, useful for development of industrially exploitable process for D-allulose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Narayan Patel
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Rajender S Sangwan
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Nitin K Singhal
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Sudhir P Singh
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India.
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Zhang W, Li H, Jiang B, Zhang T, Mu W. Production of d-allulose from d-glucose by Escherichia coli transformant cells co-expressing d-glucose isomerase and d-psicose 3-epimerase genes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3420-3426. [PMID: 28009059 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND d-Allulose is a novel and low-calorie rare monosaccharide that is a C-3 epimer of d-fructose. Because of its excellent physiological properties and commercial potential, d-allulose has attracted researchers' interests. Based on the Izumoring strategy, d-allulose is converted from d-fructose by d-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase), while d-fructose is converted from d-glucose by d-glucose isomerase (GIase). In this study, we created a cellular system capable of converting d-glucose to d-allulose in a one-step process that co-expressed the GIase from Acidothermus cellulolyticus and the DPEase from Dorea sp. CAG. RESULTS The co-expression plasmid pETDuet-Dosp-DPE/Acce-GI was generated and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. The recombinant co-expression cells exhibited maximum catalytic activity at pH 6.5 and 75 °C. These cells were thermostable at less than 60 °C. The addition of Co2+ significantly increased the catalytic activity by 10.8-fold. When the reaction equilibrium was reached, the ratio of d-glucose, d-fructose and d-allulose was approximately 6.5:7:3, respectively. CONCLUSION A recombinant co-expression strain that catalysed the bioconversion of d-allulose from d-glucose in a one-step process was created and characterised. When adding 500 g L-1 d-glucose as a substrate, 204.3 g L-1 d-fructose and 89.1 g L-1 d-allulose were produced. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Wang Y, Chen B, Lin T, Wu S, Wei G. Protective effects of vitamin E against reproductive toxicity induced by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate via PPAR-dependent mechanisms. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:551-559. [PMID: 28532275 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1333556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangcai Wang
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Bailin Chen
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengde Wu
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
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Tang X, Tong K, Zhu L, Fu G, Chang W, Zhou T, Zhang Z, Tong L, Zhang L, Shi Y. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate induced oxidative damage involving FasL-associated apoptotic pathway in mouse spermatogenic GC-2spd cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-016-0042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhang W, Yu S, Zhang T, Jiang B, Mu W. Recent advances in d -allulose: Physiological functionalities, applications, and biological production. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abd-Ellah MF, Aly HAA, Mokhlis HAM, Abdel-Aziz AH. Quercetin attenuates di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced testicular toxicity in adult rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:232-243. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327115580602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential oxidative damage of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the rat testis and to further elucidate the potential modulatory effect of quercetin. DEHP was diluted in corn oil and given to rats by oral gavage at doses 0, 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg/day (groups I, III, IV, or V, respectively) for 15 consecutive days. Group VI was pretreated with quercetin (90 mg/kg), 24 h before starting the experiment and then treated with DEHP (900 mg/kg/day) for 15 consecutive days. Group II was treated with quercetin (90 mg/kg/day). The relative testes weight and sperm motility were significantly decreased by treatment with 900 mg/kg of DEHP. Both sperm count and daily sperm production were significantly decreased by DEHP treatment at doses of 600 and 900 mg/kg. Serum testosterone level and prostatic acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and testicular lactate dehydrogenase-X (LDH-X) activity were significantly decreased in animals treated with 900 mg/kg. Serum total ACP activity was significantly increased in animals treated with 600 and 900 mg/kg of DEHP. DEHP treatment induced oxidative stress and histopathological abnormality. These abnormalities were effectively normalized by pretreatment with quercetin except for LDH-X near normalcy. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate that DEHP impairs testicular function at least, in part, by inducing oxidative stress and quercetin has a potent protective effect against DEHP-induced testicular toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- MF Abd-Ellah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - HAA Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - HAM Mokhlis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - AH Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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35
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Zhang W, Li H, Zhang T, Jiang B, Zhou L, Mu W. Characterization of a d-psicose 3-epimerase from Dorea sp. CAG317 with an acidic pH optimum and a high specific activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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36
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Mu W, Yu L, Zhang W, Zhang T, Jiang B. Isomerases for biotransformation of D-hexoses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6571-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Wagner N, Håkansson E, Wahler S, Panke S, Bechtold M. Multi-objective optimization for the economic production of d-psicose using simulated moving bed chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1398:47-56. [PMID: 25943832 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The biocatalytic production of rare carbohydrates from available sugar sources rapidly gains interest as a route to acquire industrial amounts of rare sugars for food and fine chemical applications. Here we present a multi-objective optimization procedure for a simulated moving bed (SMB) process for the production of the rare sugar d-psicose from enzymatically produced mixtures with its epimer d-fructose. First, model parameters were determined using the inverse method and experimentally validated on a 2-2-2-2 lab-scale SMB plant. The obtained experimental purities (PUs) were in excellent agreement with the simulated data derived from a transport-dispersive true-moving bed model demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed design. In the second part the performance of the separation was investigated in a multi-objective optimization study addressing the cost-contributing performance parameters productivity (PR) and desorbent requirement (DR) as a function of temperature. While rare sugar SMB operation under conditions of low desorbent consumption was found to be widely unaffected by temperature, SMB operation focusing on increased PR significantly benefited from high temperatures, with possible productivities increasing from 3.4kg(Lday)(-1) at 20°C to 5kg(Lday)(-1) at 70°C, indicating that decreased selectivity at higher temperatures could be fully compensated for by the higher mass transfer rates, as they translate into reduced switch times and hence higher PR. A DR/PR Pareto optimization suggested a similar but even more pronounced trend also under relaxed PU requirements, with the PR increasing from 4.3kg(Lday)(-1) to a maximum of 7.8kg(Lday)(-1) for SMB operation at 50°C when the PU of the non-product stream was reduced from 99.5% to 90%. Based on the in silico optimization results experimental SMB runs were performed yielding considerable PRs of 1.9 (30°C), 2.4 (50°C) and 2.6kg(Lday)(-1) (70°C) with rather low DR (27L per kg of rare sugar produced) on a lab-scale SMB installation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wagner
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Håkansson
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Wahler
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Panke
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Bechtold
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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Asghari MH, Saeidnia S, Abdollahi M. A Review on the Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Phthalate-Induced Toxicity in Various Organs with a Focus on the Reproductive System. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.95.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hossain A, Yamaguchi F, Hirose K, Matsunaga T, Sui L, Hirata Y, Noguchi C, Katagi A, Kamitori K, Dong Y, Tsukamoto I, Tokuda M. Rare sugar D-psicose prevents progression and development of diabetes in T2DM model Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:525-35. [PMID: 25632221 PMCID: PMC4304484 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s71289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fundamental cause of overweight and obesity is consumption of calorie-dense foods. We have introduced a zero-calorie sweet sugar, d-psicose (d-allulose), a rare sugar that has been proven to have strong antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects, and could be used as a replacement of natural sugar for the obese and diabetic subjects. AIM Above mentioned efficacy of d-psicose (d-allulose) has been confirmed in our previous studies on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with short-term treatment. In this study we investigated the long-term effect of d-psicose in preventing the commencement and progression of T2DM with the mechanism of preservation of pancreatic β-cells in OLETF rats. METHODS Treated OLETF rats were fed 5% d-psicose dissolved in water and control rats only water. Nondiabetic control rats, Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), were taken as healthy control and fed water. To follow the progression of diabetes, periodic measurements of blood glucose, plasma insulin, and body weight changes were continued till sacrifice at 60 weeks. Periodic in vivo body fat mass was measured. On sacrifice, pancreas, liver, and abdominal adipose tissues were collected for various staining tests. RESULTS d-Psicose prevented the commencement and progression of T2DM till 60 weeks through the maintenance of blood glucose levels, decrease in body weight gain, and the control of postprandial hyperglycemia, with decreased levels of HbA1c in comparison to nontreated control rats. This improvement in glycemic control was accompanied by the maintenance of plasma insulin levels and the preservation of pancreatic β-cells with the significant reduction in inflammatory markers. Body fat accumulation was significantly lower in the treatment group, with decreased infiltration of macrophages in the abdominal adipose tissue. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the rare sugar d-psicose could be beneficial for the prevention and control of obesity and hyperglycemia with the preservation of β-cells in the progression of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hossain
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
- Research and Development, Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Kitaitami, Itami-Shi, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Fuminori Yamaguchi
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kayoko Hirose
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Matsunaga
- Division of Hospital Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Li Sui
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Hirata
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Chisato Noguchi
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ayako Katagi
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Kamitori
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Youyi Dong
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ikuko Tsukamoto
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tokuda
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
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Zeng Y, Dou D, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Sun Y. Rare Sugars and Antioxidants inItea virginica, Itea oblonga Hand.-Mazz.,andItea yunnanensis FranchLeaves. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2014.917099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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41
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Tsukamoto I, Hossain A, Yamaguchi F, Hirata Y, Dong Y, Kamitori K, Sui L, Nonaka M, Ueno M, Nishimoto K, Suda H, Morimoto K, Shimonishi T, Saito M, Song T, Konishi R, Tokuda M. Intestinal absorption, organ distribution, and urinary excretion of the rare sugar D-psicose. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1955-64. [PMID: 25378908 PMCID: PMC4207542 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s60247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate intestinal absorption, organ distribution, and urinary elimination of the rare sugar D-psicose, a 3-carbon stereoisomer of D-fructose that is currently being investigated and which has been found to be strongly effective against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Methods This study was performed using radioactive D-psicose, which was synthesized enzymatically from radioactive D-allose. Concentrations in whole blood, urine, and organs were measured at different time points until 2 hours after both oral and intravenous administrations and 7 days after a single oral administration (100 mg/kg body weight) to Wistar rats. Autoradiography was also performed by injecting 100 mg/kg body weight of 14C-labeled D-psicose or glucose intravenously to C3H mice. Results Following oral administration, D-psicose easily moved to blood. The maximum blood concentration (48.5±15.6 μg/g) was observed at 1 hour. Excretion to urine was 20% within 1 hour and 33% within 2 hours. Accumulation to organs was detected only in the liver. Following intravenous administration, blood concentration was decreased with the half-life=57 minutes, and the excretion to urine was up to almost 50% within 1 hour. Similarly to the results obtained with oral administration, accumulation to organs was detected only in the liver. Seven days after the single-dose oral administration, the remaining amounts in the whole body were less than 1%. Autoradiography of mice showed results similar to those in rats. High signals of 14C-labeled D-psicose were observed in liver, kidney, and bladder. Interestingly, no accumulation of D-psicose was observed in the brain. Conclusion D-psicose was absorbed well after oral administration and eliminated rapidly after both oral and intravenous administrations, with short duration of action. The study provides valuable pharmacokinetic data for further drug development of D-psicose. Because the findings were mainly based on animal study, it is necessary to implement human trials to study the metabolism pathway, which would give an important guide for human intake and food application of D-psicose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Tsukamoto
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akram Hossain
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan ; Matsutani Chemical Industry Co, Ltd, Itami, Japan
| | - Fuminori Yamaguchi
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Hirata
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Youyi Dong
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Kamitori
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Li Sui
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Machiko Nonaka
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Inflammation Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nishimoto
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Life Science Research Center, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Suda
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Life Science Research Center, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Morimoto
- Rare Sugar Research Center, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | | | - Madoka Saito
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tao Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ryoji Konishi
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tokuda
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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42
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Tseng CW, Liao CY, Sun Y, Peng CC, Tzen JTC, Guo RT, Liu JR. Immobilization of Clostridium cellulolyticum D-psicose 3-epimerase on artificial oil bodies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6771-6776. [PMID: 24980476 DOI: 10.1021/jf502022w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The rare sugar D-psicose possesses several fundamental biological functions. D-Psicose 3-epimerase from Clostridium cellulolyticum (CC-DPEase) has considerable potential for use in D-psicose production. In this study, CC-DPEase was fused to the N terminus of oleosin, a unique structural protein of seed oil bodies and was overexpressed in Escherichia coli as a CC-DPEase-oleosin fusion protein. After reconstitution into artificial oil bodies (AOBs), refolding, purification, and immobilization of the active CC-DPEase were simultaneously accomplished. Immobilization of CC-DPEase on AOB increased the optimal temperature but decreased the optimal pH of the enzyme activity. Furthermore, the AOB-immobilized CC-DPEase had a thermal stability and a bioconversion rate similar to those of the free-form enzyme and retained >50% of its initial activity after five cycles of enzyme use. Thus, AOB-immobilized CC-DPEase has potential application in the production of d-psicose at a lower cost than the free-form enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wen Tseng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
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43
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Shono T, Taguchi T. Short-time exposure to mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP)-induced oxidative stress associated with DNA damage and the atrophy of the testis in pubertal rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:3187-3190. [PMID: 24310901 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are widely used as plasticizer in various consumer domestic products and are known to disturb the male reproductive function in rodents. This study investigated the involvement of oxidative stress and the atrophy of the testes in pubertal rats exposed to mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP). Four-week-old pubertal male rats were separated into three groups. In group I, 21 rats were fed rat chow containing 2 % MBP for 3 days. In group II, 21 rats were fed rat chow containing 2 % MBP for 3 days and antioxidant vitamins C (250 mg/kg/day) and E (50 mg/kg/day) were injected daily. In group III, 21 rats were fed standard rat chow and used as controls. After 3 days, each testis was weighed and the germ cell development was evaluated using the Johnsen score. The urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were measured as a biological marker of oxidative DNA damage. The mean testis weight was significantly lower for group I than groups II or III (p < 0.05). The mean Johnsen score was significantly lower for group I than for groups II or III (p < 0.05). Urinary 8-OHdG concentrations were higher in group I than in groups II or III. Short-time exposure to MBP may therefore induce oxidative DNA damage in rat testes, while antioxidant vitamins administered during exposure may protect against this stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Shono
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saga Medical Center Koseikan, 400, Nakahara, Kasemachi, Saga, 840-8571, Japan,
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44
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Zhang W, Fang D, Zhang T, Zhou L, Jiang B, Mu W. Characterization of a metal-dependent D-psicose 3-epimerase from a novel strain, Desmospora sp. 8437. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:11468-11476. [PMID: 24199681 DOI: 10.1021/jf4035817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The rare sugar d-psicose is an ideal sucrose substitute for food products, due to having 70% of the relative sweetness but 0.3% of the energy of sucrose. It also shows important physiological functions. d-Tagatose 3-epimerase (DTEase) family enzymes can produce d-psicose from d-fructose. In this paper, a new member of the DTEase family of enzymes was characterized from Desmospora sp. 8437 (GenBank accession no. WP_009711885 ) and was named Desmospora sp. d-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase) due to its highest substrate specificity toward d-psicose. Desmospora sp. DPEase was strictly metal-dependent and displayed maximum activity in the presence of Co(2+). The optimum pH and temperature were 7.5 and 60 °C, respectively. The enzyme was relatively thermostable below 50 °C, but easily lost initial activity when preincubated at 60 °C. The thermostability property was almost not affected by the addition of Co(2+). Desmospora sp. DPEase had relatively high catalysis efficiency for the substrates d-psicose and d-fructose, which were measured to be 327 and 116 mM(-1) min(-1), respectively. The equilibrium ratio between d-psicose and d-fructose of Desmospora sp. DPEase was 30:70. The enzyme could produce 142.5 g/L d-psicose from 500 g/L of d-fructose, suggesting that the enzyme is a potential d-psicose producer for industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 214122 Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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45
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Suna S, Tokuda M, Hirao T, Yamaguchi F, Miyatake N, Suzue T, Asakawa F, Jitsunari F, Izumori K. Protective effect of D-psicose against testicular atrophy induced by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00207233.2013.810854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Mu W, Zhang W, Fang D, Zhou L, Jiang B, Zhang T. Characterization of a D-psicose-producing enzyme, D-psicose 3-epimerase, from Clostridium sp. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:1481-6. [PMID: 23660703 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The gene coding for D-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase) from Clostridium sp. BNL1100 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme was purified by Ni-affinity chromatography. It was a metal-dependent enzyme and required Co(2+) as optimum cofactor. It displayed catalytic activity maximally at pH 8.0 and 65 °C (as measured over 5 min). The optimum substrate was D-psicose, and the K m, turnover number (k cat), and catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m) for D-psicose were 227 mM, 32,185 min(-1), and 141 min(-1 )mM(-1), respectively. At pH 8.0 and 55 °C, 120 g D-psicose l(-1) was produced from 500 g D-fructose l(-1) after 5 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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47
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Zhang W, Fang D, Xing Q, Zhou L, Jiang B, Mu W. Characterization of a novel metal-dependent D-psicose 3-epimerase from Clostridium scindens 35704. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62987. [PMID: 23646168 PMCID: PMC3639893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The noncharacterized protein CLOSCI_02528 from Clostridium scindens ATCC 35704 was characterized as D-psicose 3-epimerase. The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 7.5 and 60°C. The half-life of the enzyme at 50°C was 108 min, suggesting the enzyme was relatively thermostable. It was strictly metal-dependent and required Mn2+ as optimum cofactor for activity. In addition, Mn2+ improved the structural stability during both heat- and urea-induced unfolding. Using circular dichroism measurements, the apparent melting temperature (Tm) and the urea midtransition concentration (Cm) of metal-free enzyme were 64.4°C and 2.68 M. By comparison, the Mn2+-bound enzyme showed higher Tm and Cm with 67.3°C and 5.09 M. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km), turnover number (kcat), and catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) values for substrate D-psicose were estimated to be 28.3 mM, 1826.8 s−1, and 64.5 mM−1 s−1, respectively. The enzyme could effectively produce D-psicose from D-fructose with the turnover ratio of 28%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leon Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- Roquette America, Keokuk, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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48
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Tetz LM, Cheng AA, Korte CS, Giese RW, Wang P, Harris C, Meeker JD, Loch-Caruso R. Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate induces oxidative stress responses in human placental cells in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 268:47-54. [PMID: 23360888 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is an environmental contaminant commonly used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride products. Exposure to DEHP has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes in humans including preterm birth, low birth-weight, and pregnancy loss. Although oxidative stress is linked to the pathology of adverse pregnancy outcomes, effects of DEHP metabolites, including the active metabolite, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), on oxidative stress responses in placental cells have not been previously evaluated. The objective of the current study is to identify MEHP-stimulated oxidative stress responses in human placental cells. We treated a human placental cell line, HTR-8/SVneo, with MEHP and then measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation using the dichlorofluorescein assay, oxidized thymine with mass-spectrometry, redox-sensitive gene expression with qRT-PCR, and apoptosis using a luminescence assay for caspase 3/7 activity. Treatment of HTR-8 cells with 180μM MEHP increased ROS generation, oxidative DNA damage, and caspase 3/7 activity, and resulted in differential expression of redox-sensitive genes. Notably, 90 and 180μM MEHP significantly induced mRNA expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), an enzyme important for synthesis of prostaglandins implicated in initiation of labor. The results from the present study are the first to demonstrate that MEHP stimulates oxidative stress responses in placental cells. Furthermore, the MEHP concentrations used were within an order of magnitude of the highest concentrations measured previously in human umbilical cord or maternal serum. The findings from the current study warrant future mechanistic studies of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and prostaglandins as molecular mediators of DEHP/MEHP-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Tetz
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
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49
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SHINTANI T, OHKUMA K, SAKOGUCHI H, SATO M. Rare Sugars D-Psicose and D-Allose as Calorie Restriction Mimetic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.6013/jbrewsocjapan.108.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hirofumi SAKOGUCHI
- Kagawa Prefectural Research Institute for Environmental Sciences and Public Health
| | - Masashi SATO
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University
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50
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Hossain A, Yamaguchi F, Matsunaga T, Hirata Y, Kamitori K, Dong Y, Sui L, Tsukamoto I, Ueno M, Tokuda M. Rare sugar D-psicose protects pancreas β-islets and thus improves insulin resistance in OLETF rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 425:717-23. [PMID: 22877751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rare sugar D-psicose has cropped up as a non-toxic and effective compound to protect and preserve pancreatic β-islets in the growing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats through the regulation of glucose and fat metabolism. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of rare sugar D-psicose on the protection of pancreatic β-islets using Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a T2DM model. Treated rats were fed with 5% D-psicose or 5% D-glucose supplemented drinking water, and only water in the control for 13 weeks. A non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), fed with water served as a counter control of OLETF. D-Psicose significantly attenuated progressive β-islet fibrosis and preserved islets, evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining and immunostainings of insulin and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). D-Psicose significantly reduced increase in body weight and abdominal fat deposition. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed reduced blood glucose levels suggesting the improvement of insulin resistance. All these data suggests that D-psicose protected and preserved pancreatic β-islets through the maintenance of hyperglycemia and by the prevention of fat accumulation in OLETF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hossain
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kita, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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