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Trusinska D, Zin ST, Sandoval E, Homaira N, Shi T. Risk Factors for Poor Outcomes in Children Hospitalized With Virus-associated Acute Lower Respiratory Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:467-476. [PMID: 38285519 PMCID: PMC11003409 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) caused by respiratory viruses is among the most common causes of hospitalization and mortality in children. We aimed to identify risk factors for poor outcomes in children <5 years old hospitalized with ALRI caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS We searched Embase, Medline and Global Health databases and included observational studies reporting risk factors for poor outcomes (defined as use of supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, prolonged hospital stay and mortality) published between January 2011 and January 2023. Two authors independently extracted data on study characteristics, outcomes and risk factors. Due to limited data, meta-analyses were only conducted for RSV-ALRI poor outcome risk factors using random effects model when there were at least 3 studies. RESULTS We included 30 studies. For RSV-related ALRI, significant risk factors based on meta-analysis were: neurological disease [odds ratio (OR): 6.14; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 2.39-15.77], Down's syndrome (5.43; 3.02-9.76), chronic lung disease (3.64; 1.31-10.09), immunocompromised status (3.41; 1.85-6.29), prematurity (2.98; 1.93-4.59), congenital heart disease (2.80; 1.84-4.24), underlying disease (2.45; 1.94-3.09), age <2 months (2.29; 1.78-2.94), age <6 months (2.08; 1.81-2.39), viral coinfection (2.01; 1.27-3.19), low birth weight (1.88; 1.19-2.95) and being underweight (1.80; 1.38-2.35). For influenza-related ALRI, chronic conditions and age 6-24 months were identified as risk factors for poor outcomes. Cardiovascular disease, immunosuppression, chronic kidney disease, diabetes and high blood pressure were reported as risk factors for mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 associated ALRI. CONCLUSIONS These findings might contribute to the development of guidelines for prophylaxis and management of ALRI caused by RSV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daira Trusinska
- From the Usher Institute, Old Medical School, Teviot Place, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Si Thu Zin
- Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Sandoval
- From the Usher Institute, Old Medical School, Teviot Place, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Acute and General Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nusrat Homaira
- Discipline of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Respiratory Department, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- James P. Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Bangladesh
| | - Ting Shi
- From the Usher Institute, Old Medical School, Teviot Place, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Shi T, Zhu HH. Chemo-free treatment of adult patients with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: latest updates from the 2023 ASH annual meeting. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:18. [PMID: 38627786 PMCID: PMC11020665 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemo-free concept represents a new direction for managing adult patients with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph + ALL). The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), blinatumomab and venetoclax serve as the backbone of chemo-free regimens; several prospective studies involving these drugs have demonstrated high remission rates and promising, albeit short, survival outcomes. This review summarizes the latest updates on chemo-free regimens in the treatment of adult patients with Ph + ALL, presented at the 2023 ASH annual meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hong-Hu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
- Chinese Institutes for Medical Research, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Huang X, Gao F, Zhou P, Ma C, Tan W, Ma Y, Li M, Ni Z, Shi T, Hayat F, Li Y, Gao Z. Allelic variation of PmCBF03 contributes to the altitude and temperature adaptability in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.). Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:1379-1396. [PMID: 38221869 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Japanese apricot is an important subtropical deciduous fruit tree in China, widely distributed in different altitude areas. How does it adapt to the different temperature environments in these areas? In this study, we identified a low-temperature transcription factor PmCBF03 on chromosome 7 through adaptive analysis of populations at different altitudes, which has an early termination single nucleotide polymorphism mutation. There were two different types of variation, PmCBF03A type in high-altitude areas and PmCBF03T type in low-altitude areas. PmCBF03A gene increased the survival rate, Fv/Fm values, antioxidant enzyme activity, and expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes, and reducing electrolyte leakage and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in transgenic Arabidopsis under low temperature and freezing stress. Simultaneously, PmCBF03A gene promoted the dormancy of transgenic Arabidopsis seeds than wild-type. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that PmCBF03A directly bound to the DRE/CRT element in the promoters of the PmCOR413, PmDAM6 and PmABI5 genes, promoting their transcription and enhanced the cold resistance and dormancy of the overexpressing PmCBF03A lines. While PmCBF03T gene is unable to bind to the promoters of PmDAM6 and PmABI5 genes, leading to early release of dormancy to adapt to the problem of insufficient chilling requirement in low-altitude areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengdong Ma
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufan Ma
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minglu Li
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojun Ni
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Faisal Hayat
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongping Li
- Department of Special Fruit Tree Germplasm Resources, Yunnan Green Food Development Center, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Wang X, Li Y, Shi T, Bont LJ, Chu HY, Zar HJ, Wahi-Singh B, Ma Y, Cong B, Sharland E, Riley RD, Deng J, Figueras-Aloy J, Heikkinen T, Jones MH, Liese JG, Markić J, Mejias A, Nunes MC, Resch B, Satav A, Yeo KT, Simões EAF, Nair H. Global disease burden of and risk factors for acute lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in preterm infants and young children in 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual participant data. Lancet 2024; 403:1241-1253. [PMID: 38367641 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants and young children born prematurely are at high risk of severe acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). In this study, we aimed to assess the global disease burden of and risk factors for RSV-associated ALRI in infants and young children born before 37 weeks of gestation. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated data from studies published between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2021, identified from MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Health, and individual participant data shared by the Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network on respiratory infectious diseases. We estimated RSV-associated ALRI incidence in community, hospital admission, in-hospital mortality, and overall mortality among children younger than 2 years born prematurely. We conducted two-stage random-effects meta-regression analyses accounting for chronological age groups, gestational age bands (early preterm, <32 weeks gestational age [wGA], and late preterm, 32 to <37 wGA), and changes over 5-year intervals from 2000 to 2019. Using individual participant data, we assessed perinatal, sociodemographic, and household factors, and underlying medical conditions for RSV-associated ALRI incidence, hospital admission, and three severity outcome groups (longer hospital stay [>4 days], use of supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission) by estimating pooled odds ratios (ORs) through a two-stage meta-analysis (multivariate logistic regression and random-effects meta-analysis). This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021269742. FINDINGS We included 47 studies from the literature and 17 studies with individual participant-level data contributed by the participating investigators. We estimated that, in 2019, 1 650 000 (95% uncertainty range [UR] 1 350 000-1 990 000) RSV-associated ALRI episodes, 533 000 (385 000-730 000) RSV-associated hospital admissions, 3050 (1080-8620) RSV-associated in-hospital deaths, and 26 760 (11 190-46 240) RSV-attributable deaths occurred in preterm infants worldwide. Among early preterm infants, the RSV-associated ALRI incidence rate and hospitalisation rate were significantly higher (rate ratio [RR] ranging from 1·69 to 3·87 across different age groups and outcomes) than for all infants born at any gestational age. In the second year of life, early preterm infants and young children had a similar incidence rate but still a significantly higher hospitalisation rate (RR 2·26 [95% UR 1·27-3·98]) compared with all infants and young children. Although late preterm infants had RSV-associated ALRI incidence rates similar to that of all infants younger than 1 year, they had higher RSV-associated ALRI hospitalisation rate in the first 6 months (RR 1·93 [1·11-3·26]). Overall, preterm infants accounted for 25% (95% UR 16-37) of RSV-associated ALRI hospitalisations in all infants of any gestational age. RSV-associated ALRI in-hospital case fatality ratio in preterm infants was similar to all infants. The factors identified to be associated with RSV-associated ALRI incidence were mainly perinatal and sociodemographic characteristics, and factors associated with severe outcomes from infection were mainly underlying medical conditions including congenital heart disease, tracheostomy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic lung disease, or Down syndrome (with ORs ranging from 1·40 to 4·23). INTERPRETATION Preterm infants face a disproportionately high burden of RSV-associated disease, accounting for 25% of RSV hospitalisation burden. Early preterm infants have a substantial RSV hospitalisation burden persisting into the second year of life. Preventive products for RSV can have a substantial public health impact by preventing RSV-associated ALRI and severe outcomes from infection in preterm infants. FUNDING EU Innovative Medicines Initiative Respiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - You Li
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ting Shi
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Louis J Bont
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; ReSViNET Foundation, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Heather J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bhanu Wahi-Singh
- Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yiming Ma
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bingbing Cong
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Emma Sharland
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard D Riley
- Centre for Prognosis Research, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Jikui Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Terho Heikkinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marcus H Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Johannes G Liese
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joško Markić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia; School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Asuncion Mejias
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Marta C Nunes
- South African Medical Research Council, Wits Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit and Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Center of Excellence in Respiratory Pathogens, Hospices Civils de Lyon, and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bernhard Resch
- Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ashish Satav
- MAHAN Trust Mahatma Gandhi Tribal Hospital, District Amaravati, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kee Thai Yeo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eric A F Simões
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Harish Nair
- National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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5
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Huang Z, Gou X, Hang X, Shi T, Yang J, Liu Y, He X, Li J, Quan K, Bi H, Luo Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 5-(5-Iodo-2-isopropyl-4-methoxyphenoxy)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (AF-353) Derivatives as Novel DHFR Inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38466654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The high lethality of Staphylococcus aureus infections and the emergence of antibiotic resistance make the development of new antibiotics urgent. Our previous work identified a hit compound h1 (AF-353) as a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor. Herein, we analyzed the antimicrobial profile of h1 and performed a comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) assay based on h1. The representative compound j9 exhibited potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus without cross-resistance to other antimicrobial classes. Multiple genetic and biochemical approaches showed that j9 directly binds to SaDHFR, resulting in strong inhibition of its enzymatic activity (IC50 = 0.97 nM). Additionally, j9 had an acceptable in vivo safety profile and oral bioavailability (F = 40.7%) and also showed favorable efficacy in a mouse model of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) skin infection. Collectively, these findings identified j9 as a novel SaDHFR inhibitor with the potential to combat drug-resistant S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongkai Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xupeng Gou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xudong Hang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiaxing Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinlian He
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Keao Quan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hongkai Bi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Luan Q, Hu H, Ouyang X, Jiang X, Lin C, Zhu H, Shi T, Zhao YL, Wang J, Zhu J. New modifications of PBAT by a small amount of oxalic acid: Fast crystallization and enhanced degradation in all natural environments. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133475. [PMID: 38219588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics are often mistakenly thought to be capable of degrading in any environment, but their slow degradation rate in the natural environment is still unsatisfactory. We synthetized a novel series of poly(butylene oxalate-co-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBOAT) with unchanged melting point (135 °C), high elastic modulus (140 - 219 MPa) and elongation at break (478 - 769%). Fast isothermal crystallization with a semi-crystallization time < 20 s was demonstrated by the PBOAT. In N2 and air atmospheres, the PBOAT maintained the Td,5% higher than 329 °C. They also had good thermal stability at melt processing temperature for more than 20 min. PBOAT exhibited faster hydrolysis and seawater degradation, even under natural soil burial without light, but still kept stable under low humidity conditions during the storage and the shelf-life. Moreover, the hydrolysis mechanisms were clarified based on Fukui function analysis and DFT calculation, indicating that the hydrolysis of PBOAT would be more straightforward. The mechanism of soil burial is also elucidated through detailed characterization of the structure changes. The PBOAT offered a fresh approach to the development of high-performing, naturally degradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Luan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
| | - Xingyu Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Cambridge A level Center, Zhenhai High School of Zhejiang, No.32 Gulou East Road, Zhenhai, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Hanxu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Liu J, Jia J, Shi T, Bai Y, Huang Y, Zeng L, Bi H. Evaluating the potency of zoliflodacin against Helicobacter pylori: In vitro activity and conserved GyrB target. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13075. [PMID: 38627919 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current standard treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection, which involves a combination of two broad-spectrum antibiotics, faces significant challenges due to its detrimental impact on the gut microbiota and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This underscores the urgent requirement for the development of novel anti-H. pylori drugs. Zoliflodacin, a novel bacterial gyrase inhibitor, is currently undergoing global phase III clinical trials for treating uncomplicated Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, there is no available data regarding its activity against H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the in vitro activity of zoliflodacin against H. pylori clinical isolates (n = 123) with diverse multidrug resistance. We performed DNA gyrase supercoiling and microscale thermophoresis assays to identify the target of zoliflodacin in H. pylori. We analyzed 2262 H. pylori whole genome sequences to identify Asp424Asn and Lys445Asn mutations in DNA gyrase subunit B (GyrB) that are associated with zoliflodacin resistance. RESULTS Zoliflodacin exhibits potent activity against all tested isolates, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.008 to 1 μg/mL (MIC50: 0.125 μg/mL; MIC90: 0.25 μg/mL). Importantly, there was no evidence of cross-resistance to any of the four first-line antibiotics commonly used against H. pylori. We identified GyrB as the primary target of zoliflodacin, with Asp424Asn or Lys445Asn substitutions conferring resistance. Screening of 2262 available H. pylori genomes for the two mutations revealed only one clinical isolate carrying Asp424Asn substitution. CONCLUSION These findings support the potential of zoliflodacin as a promising candidate for H. pylori treatment, warranting further development and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuefan Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanqiang Huang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Liping Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongkai Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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8
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Amele S, McCabe R, Kibuchi E, Pearce A, Hainey K, Demou E, Irizar P, Kapadia D, Taylor H, Nazroo J, Bécares L, Buchanan D, Henery P, Jayacodi S, Woolford L, Simpson CR, Sheikh A, Jeffrey K, Shi T, Daines L, Tibble H, Almaghrabi F, Fagbamigbe AF, Kurdi A, Robertson C, Pattaro S, Katikireddi SV. Quality of ethnicity data within Scottish health records and implications of misclassification for ethnic inequalities in severe COVID-19: a national linked data study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:116-122. [PMID: 37861114 PMCID: PMC10901260 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared the quality of ethnicity coding within the Public Health Scotland Ethnicity Look-up (PHS-EL) dataset, and other National Health Service datasets, with the 2011 Scottish Census. METHODS Measures of quality included the level of missingness and misclassification. We examined the impact of misclassification using Cox proportional hazards to compare the risk of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (hospitalization & death) by ethnic group. RESULTS Misclassification within PHS-EL was higher for all minority ethnic groups [12.5 to 69.1%] compared with the White Scottish majority [5.1%] and highest in the White Gypsy/Traveller group [69.1%]. Missingness in PHS-EL was highest among the White Other British group [39%] and lowest among the Pakistani group [17%]. PHS-EL data often underestimated severe COVID-19 risk compared with Census data. e.g. in the White Gypsy/Traveller group the Hazard Ratio (HR) was 1.68 [95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.03, 2.74] compared with the White Scottish majority using Census ethnicity data and 0.73 [95% CI: 0.10, 5.15] using PHS-EL data; and HR was 2.03 [95% CI: 1.20, 3.44] in the Census for the Bangladeshi group versus 1.45 [95% CI: 0.75, 2.78] in PHS-EL. CONCLUSIONS Poor quality ethnicity coding in health records can bias estimates, thereby threatening monitoring and understanding ethnic inequalities in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Amele
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK
| | - Ronan McCabe
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK
| | - Eliud Kibuchi
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK
| | - Anna Pearce
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK
| | - Kirsten Hainey
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK
| | - Evangelia Demou
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK
| | - Patricia Irizar
- Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Dharmi Kapadia
- Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Harry Taylor
- Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - James Nazroo
- Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Laia Bécares
- Department of Global Health & Medicine, King's College London, London WC2B 4BG, UK
| | | | | | | | - Lana Woolford
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
| | - Colin R Simpson
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
| | - Karen Jeffrey
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
| | - Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
| | - Luke Daines
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
| | - Holly Tibble
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SS, UK
| | | | - Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Amanj Kurdi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurditsan Region Governorate, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa
| | - Chris Robertson
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow G2 6QE, UK
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK
| | - Serena Pattaro
- Scottish Centre for Administrative Data Research, School of Social Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow EH16 4UX, UK
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Fan C, Jiang Z, Teng C, Song X, Li L, Shen W, Jiang Q, Huang D, Lv Y, Du L, Wang G, Hu Y, Man S, Zhang Z, Gao N, Wang F, Shi T, Xin T. Efficacy and safety of intrathecal pemetrexed for TKI-failed leptomeningeal metastases from EGFR+ NSCLC: an expanded, single-arm, phase II clinical trial. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102384. [PMID: 38377785 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intrathecal pemetrexed (IP) for treating patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progressed from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in an expanded, prospective, single-arm, phase II clinical study (ChiCTR1800016615). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with confirmed NSCLC-LM who progressed from TKI received IP (50 mg, day 1/day 5 for 1 week, then every 3 weeks for four cycles, and then once monthly) until disease progression or intolerance. Objectives were to assess overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety. Measurable lesions were assessed by investigator according to RECIST version 1.1. LM were assessed according to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria. RESULTS The study included 132 patients; 68% were female and median age was 52 years (31-74 years). The median OS was 12 months (95% confidence interval 10.4-13.6 months), RANO-assessed response rate was 80.3% (106/132), and the most common adverse event was myelosuppression (n = 42; 31.8%), which reversed after symptomatic treatment. The results of subgroup analysis showed that absence of brain parenchymal metastasis, good Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score, good response to IP treatment, negative cytology after treatment, and patients without neck/back pain/difficult defecation had longer survival. Gender, age, previous intrathecal methotrexate/cytarabine, and whole-brain radiotherapy had no significant influence on OS. CONCLUSIONS This study further showed that IP is an effective and safe treatment method for the EGFR-TKI-failed NSCLC-LM, and should be recommended for these patients in clinical practice and guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fan
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - Z Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - C Teng
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - X Song
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - L Li
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - W Shen
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - Q Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - D Huang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - Y Lv
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - L Du
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - G Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - S Man
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - N Gao
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang Sengong General Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang Sengong General Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - T Shi
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang Sengong General Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - T Xin
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin.
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10
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Du Z, Ma Y, Shen Y, Jiang X, Zhou Y, Shi T. Exploring the substrate stereoselectivity and catalytic mechanism of nonribosomal peptide macrocyclization in surugamides biosynthesis. iScience 2024; 27:108876. [PMID: 38313049 PMCID: PMC10835440 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
SurE, the first reported penicillin-binding protein-like thioesterase (PBP-like TE), is known as a new off-loading cyclase, which catalyzes heterochiral coupling in nonribosomal peptides (NRPs). However, the structural rationale for substrate stereoselectivity and enzymatic mechanism remains mysterious. Here, computational models, integrating MD simulations and QM/MM methods, unveiled SurE's substrate recognition and catalytic process. An oxyanion hole stabilized the C-terminal D-residue during recognition. Residue R446 anchored the substrate for macrocyclization. A vital hydrogen-bonding network (Y154, K66, N156), verified by mutation results, was responsible for the recognition of N-terminal L-residue and involvement in catalytic process with a calculated 19.4 kcal/mol energy barrier. Four novel-designed peptide precursors were effectively cyclized into cyclopeptides by SurE based on computational analysis. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of SurE's catalytic mechanism and guiding design of versatile PBP-like TEs for novel macrocyclic NRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research, Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yinhao Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yaoyao Shen
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research, Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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11
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Shi T, Millington T, Robertson C, Jeffrey K, Katikireddi SV, McCowan C, Simpson CR, Woolford L, Daines L, Kerr S, Swallow B, Fagbamigbe A, Vallejos CA, Weatherill D, Jayacodi S, Marsh K, McMenamin J, Rudan I, Ritchie LD, Mueller T, Kurdi A, Sheikh A. Risk of winter hospitalisation and death from acute respiratory infections in Scotland: national retrospective cohort study. J R Soc Med 2024:1410768231223584. [PMID: 38345538 DOI: 10.1177/01410768231223584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We undertook a national analysis to characterise and identify risk factors for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) resulting in hospitalisation during the winter period in Scotland. DESIGN A population-based retrospective cohort analysis. SETTING Scotland. PARTICIPANTS The study involved 5.4 million residents in Scotland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between risk factors and ARI hospitalisation. RESULTS Between 1 September 2022 and 31 January 2023, there were 22,284 (10.9% of 203,549 with any emergency hospitalisation) ARI hospitalisations (1759 in children and 20,525 in adults) in Scotland. Compared with the reference group of children aged 6-17 years, the risk of ARI hospitalisation was higher in children aged 3-5 years (aHR = 4.55; 95% CI: 4.11-5.04). Compared with those aged 25-29 years, the risk of ARI hospitalisation was highest among the oldest adults aged ≥80 years (aHR = 7.86; 95% CI: 7.06-8.76). Adults from more deprived areas (most deprived vs. least deprived, aHR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.57-1.72), with existing health conditions (≥5 vs. 0 health conditions, aHR = 4.84; 95% CI: 4.53-5.18) or with history of all-cause emergency admissions (≥6 vs. 0 previous emergency admissions, aHR = 7.53; 95% CI: 5.48-10.35) were at a higher risk of ARI hospitalisations. The risk increased by the number of existing health conditions and previous emergency admission. Similar associations were seen in children. CONCLUSIONS Younger children, older adults, those from more deprived backgrounds and individuals with greater numbers of pre-existing conditions and previous emergency admission were at increased risk for winter hospitalisations for ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Tristan Millington
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Chris Robertson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, Scotland, UK
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, G2 6QE, Scotland, UK
| | - Karen Jeffrey
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Colin McCowan
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Colin R Simpson
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Lana Woolford
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Luke Daines
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Steven Kerr
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Ben Swallow
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, Scotland, UK
| | - Adeniyi Fagbamigbe
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2ZD, Scotland, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria
| | - Catalina A Vallejos
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - David Weatherill
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Sandra Jayacodi
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Jim McMenamin
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, G2 6QE, Scotland, UK
| | - Igor Rudan
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Lewis Duthie Ritchie
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Tanja Mueller
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Amanj Kurdi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
- Division of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
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12
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Millington T, Morrison K, Jeffrey K, Sullivan C, Kurdi A, Fagbamigbe AF, Swallow B, Shi T, Shah SA, Kerr S, Simpson CR, Ritchie LD, Robertson C, Sheikh A, Rudan I. Caveats in reporting of national vaccine uptake. J Glob Health 2024; 14:03006. [PMID: 38330197 PMCID: PMC10852533 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.03006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Jeffrey
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Amanj Kurdi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
- School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Ben Swallow
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, UK
| | - Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Steven Kerr
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin R Simpson
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, NZ
| | - Lewis D Ritchie
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Academic Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Chris Robertson
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Igor Rudan
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Bedston S, Almaghrabi F, Patterson L, Agrawal U, Woolford L, Anand SN, Joy M, Crawford A, Goudie R, Byford R, Abbasizanjani H, Smith D, Laidlaw L, Akbari A, Sullivan C, Bradley DT, Lyons RA, de Lusignan S, Hobbs FR, Robertson C, Sheikh SA, Shi T. Risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes after autumn 2022 COVID-19 booster vaccinations: a pooled analysis of national prospective cohort studies involving 7.4 million adults in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 37:100816. [PMID: 38162515 PMCID: PMC10757260 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Background UK COVID-19 vaccination policy has evolved to offering COVID-19 booster doses to individuals at increased risk of severe Illness from COVID-19. Building on our analyses of vaccine effectiveness of first, second and initial booster doses, we aimed to identify individuals at increased risk of severe outcomes (i.e., COVID-19 related hospitalisation or death) post the autumn 2022 booster dose. Methods We undertook a national population-based cohort analysis across all four UK nations through linked primary care, vaccination, hospitalisation and mortality data. We included individuals who received autumn 2022 booster doses of BNT162b2 (Comirnaty) or mRNA-1273 (Spikevax) during the period September 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 to investigate the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between demographic and clinical factors and severe COVID-19 outcomes after the autumn booster dose. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), deprivation, urban/rural areas and comorbidities. Stratified analyses were conducted by vaccine type. We then conducted a fixed-effect meta-analysis to combine results across the four UK nations. Findings Between September 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022, 7,451,890 individuals ≥18 years received an autumn booster dose. 3500 had severe COVID-19 outcomes (2.9 events per 1000 person-years). Being male (male vs female, aHR 1.41 (1.32-1.51)), older adults (≥80 years vs 18-49 years; 10.43 (8.06-13.50)), underweight (BMI <18.5 vs BMI 25.0-29.9; 2.94 (2.51-3.44)), those with comorbidities (≥5 comorbidities vs none; 9.45 (8.15-10.96)) had a higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation or death after the autumn booster dose. Those with a larger household size (≥11 people within household vs 2 people; 1.56 (1.23-1.98)) and from more deprived areas (most deprived vs least deprived quintile; 1.35 (1.21-1.51)) had modestly higher risks. We also observed at least a two-fold increase in risk for those with various chronic neurological conditions, including Down's syndrome, immunodeficiency, chronic kidney disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, or cardiovascular disease. Interpretation Males, older individuals, underweight individuals, those with an increasing number of comorbidities, from a larger household or more deprived areas, and those with specific underlying health conditions remained at increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation and death after the autumn 2022 vaccine booster dose. There is now a need to focus on these risk groups for investigating immunogenicity and efficacy of further booster doses or therapeutics. Funding National Core Studies-Immunity, UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council and Economic and Social Research Council), Health Data Research UK, the Scottish Government, and the University of Edinburgh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Bedston
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Fatima Almaghrabi
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Lynsey Patterson
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Public Health Agency, Belfast, UK
| | - Utkarsh Agrawal
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lana Woolford
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Sneha N. Anand
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Joy
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Crawford
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Rosalind Goudie
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel Byford
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hoda Abbasizanjani
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Deb Smith
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Lynn Laidlaw
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Ashley Akbari
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Declan T. Bradley
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Public Health Agency, Belfast, UK
| | - Ronan A. Lyons
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Simon de Lusignan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - F.D. Richard Hobbs
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chris Robertson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Sir Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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Li Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Shi T, Wang B. The Genus Cladosporium: A Prospective Producer of Natural Products. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1652. [PMID: 38338931 PMCID: PMC10855219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cladosporium, a genus of ascomycete fungi in the Dematiaceae family, is primarily recognized as a widespread environmental saprotrophic fungus or plant endophyte. Further research has shown that the genus is distributed in various environments, particularly in marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs, mangroves and the polar region. Cladosporium, especially the marine-derived Cladosporium, is a highly resourceful group of fungi whose natural products have garnered attention due to their diverse chemical structures and biological activities, as well as their potential as sources of novel leads to compounds for drug production. This review covers the sources, distribution, bioactivities, biosynthesis and structural characteristics of compounds isolated from Cladosporium in the period between January 2000 and December 2022, and conducts a comparative analysis of the Cladosporium isolated compounds derived from marine and terrestrial sources. Our results reveal that 34% of Cladosporium-derived natural products are reported for the first time. And 71.79% of the first reported compounds were isolated from marine-derived Cladosporium. Cladosporium-derived compounds exhibit diverse skeletal chemical structures, concentrating in the categories of polyketides (48.47%), alkaloids (19.21%), steroids and terpenoids (17.03%). Over half of the natural products isolated from Cladosporium have been found to have various biological activities, including cytotoxic, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and enzyme-inhibitory activities. These findings testify to the tremendous potential of Cladosporium, especially the marine-derived Cladosporium, to yield novel bioactive natural products, providing a structural foundation for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Han Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Ting Shi
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (H.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (H.W.)
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Ward IL, Robertson C, Agrawal U, Patterson L, Bradley DT, Shi T, de Lusignan S, Hobbs FDR, Sheikh A, Nafilyan V. Risk of COVID-19 death in adults who received booster COVID-19 vaccinations in England. Nat Commun 2024; 15:398. [PMID: 38228613 PMCID: PMC10791661 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44276-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the COVID-19 vaccination has been critical in changing the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure protection remains high in vulnerable groups booster vaccinations in the UK have been targeted based on age and clinical vulnerabilities. We undertook a national retrospective cohort study using data from the 2021 Census linked to electronic health records. We fitted cause-specific Cox models to examine the association between health conditions and the risk of COVID-19 death and all-other-cause death for adults aged 50-100-years in England vaccinated with a booster in autumn 2022. Here we show, having learning disabilities or Down Syndrome (hazard ratio=5.07;95% confidence interval=3.69-6.98), pulmonary hypertension or fibrosis (2.88;2.43-3.40), motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia or Huntington's disease (2.94, 1.82-4.74), cancer of blood and bone marrow (3.11;2.72-3.56), Parkinson's disease (2.74;2.34-3.20), lung or oral cancer (2.57;2.04 to 3.24), dementia (2.64;2.46 to 2.83) or liver cirrhosis (2.65;1.95 to 3.59) was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 death. Individuals with cancer of the blood or bone marrow, chronic kidney disease, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypotension or fibrosis, or rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus had a significantly higher risk of COVID-19 death relative to other causes of death compared with individuals who did not have diagnoses. Policy makers should continue to priorities vulnerable groups for subsequent COVID-19 booster doses to minimise the risk of COVID-19 death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Robertson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, Scotland
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Utkarsh Agrawal
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lynsey Patterson
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Public Health Agency, Belfast, UK
| | - Declan T Bradley
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Public Health Agency, Belfast, UK
| | - Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon de Lusignan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - F D Richard Hobbs
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration, Oxford Thames Valley, Oxford, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Wang YT, Wu QH, Chen L, Giesy JP, Xu LL, Xu WL, He J, Shi T, Liu YQ, Xiao SM, Wang YK, Chen F, Chen Y, Xu NH, Ge YL, Chu L, Yan YZ, Chen J, Xie P. Effects of sub-chronic exposure to microcystin-LR on the endocrine system of male rats. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:166839. [PMID: 37690761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) can cause reproductive and developmental toxicity and disrupt endocrine homeostasis in mammals. In the present study, male, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were administrated 3 or 30 μg MC-LR/kg, body mass (bm) per day via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections for 6 weeks. Effects of MC-LR on histology, hormone concentrations, gene transcriptional profiles and protein expressions along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), -gonad (HPG) and -thyroid (HPT) axes were assessed. Sub-chronic administration with MC-LR caused histological damage to hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal, testes and thyroid and affected relative masses of pituitary, adrenal and testes. The HPA axis was activated and serum concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) were significantly augmented. Along the HPG axis, serum concentrations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were diminished, while concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were augmented. For the HPT axis, only concentrations of free tetra-iodothyronine (fT4) were significantly diminished, while concentrations of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or free tri-iodothyronine (fT3) were not significantly changed. Also, several genes and proteins related to synthesis of steroid hormones were significantly altered. Findings of the present study illustrate that MC-LR can cause endocrine-disrupting effects through the disruption of synthesis and secretion of hormones along the HPA, HPG and HPT axes and negative feedback regulation. Also, there could be crosstalk among HPA, HPG and HPT axes. These findings elucidate mechanisms of endocrine-disrupting effects of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qian-Hui Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Integrative Biology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane Road, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Lin-Lin Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen-Li Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Qing Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shi-Man Xiao
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ye-Ke Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning-Hui Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ya-Li Ge
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ling Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
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Shi T, Bian Y, Wu J, Li X, Deng J, Feng T, Huang L, Kong X, Tian J. Decreased NK cell count is a high-risk factor for convulsion in children with COVID-19. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:856. [PMID: 38057734 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neurological symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are of increasing concern. Convulsions are among the main neurological manifestations reported in children with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), and cause serious harm to physical and mental health. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for convulsion in children with COVID-19. METHODS This prospective study was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University. In total, 102 COVID-19 patients with convulsion, 172 COVID-19 patients without convulsion, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The children's clinical and laboratory data were analyzed to assess the risk factors for convulsion in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Convulsions occurred in 37.2% of children, mostly those aged 1-3 years, who were hospitalized with the Omicron variant. The neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio (MPR) were significantly higher in the convulsion group than those in the non-convulsion and control groups (P < 0.01). However, the counts of lymphocytes, eosinophils, platelets, lymphocyte subsets, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells were lower in the convulsion group than those in the non-convulsion and control groups (P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that NK cell count (OR = 0.081, 95% CI: 0.010-0.652) and a history of febrile seizure (OR = 10.359, 95% CI: 2.115-50.746) were independent risk factors for the appearance of convulsions in COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS History of febrile seizure and decreased NK cell count were high-risk factors for convulsions in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanxi Bian
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Kong
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianmei Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
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Shi T, Xie L. Distribution and antimicrobial resistance analysis of gram-negative bacilli isolated from a tertiary hospital in Central China: a 10-year retrospective study from 2012 to 2021. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1297528. [PMID: 38111644 PMCID: PMC10726009 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1297528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gram-negative bacilli are one of the most common causes of various infections in clinical. The emergence and global spread of multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacilli has become a major challenge in the global public health field. Methods A total of 51,189 non-repetitive strains of gram-negative bacilli were isolated in clinical settings. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by using the automated VITEK 2 compact system and the matched AST susceptibility test card, complemented by the disk diffusion method. The antimicrobial susceptibility results were interpreted by CLSI. Rates of MDR and XDR in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated. Used the chi-square test to determine whether the antimicrobial resistance rates of four major gram-negative bacilli isolated from ICU and non-ICU department have statistical differences. Results Escherichia coli (31.4%), Klebsiella spp. (21.2%), Acinetobacter spp. (13.8%), and P. aeruginosa (11.0%) were the most frequently isolated gram-negative bacilli. Escherichia coli was the top one organism isolated from urinary tract (68.4%), bloodstream (39.9%), body fluid (33.2%), wound and pus (37%), except for respiratory tract (8.8%). Whereas Acinetobacter baumannii and K. pneumoniae were the major isolated organisms from respiratory tract. Acinetobacter baumannii showed high resistance to fluoroquinolones, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations class, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, and meropenem, the resistance rates reached more than 70%. Ceftazidime showed a lower resistance rate to E. coli than ceftriaxone. For E. coli, fluoroquinolones showed a high resistance rate (ciprofloxacin 61.36% and levofloxacin 53.97%), whereas amikacin, carbapenems exhibited a lower resistance rate fluctuating at 2%. Acinetobacter baumannii and K. pneumoniae showed rapid increases in carbapenem resistance whereas E. coli had the lowest resistance rate and remain stable at 2%. Acinetobacter baumannii exhibited the highest rate of MDR and XDR, reaching 60-80 and 45-55%, respectively. Compared to non-ICU departments, the resistance rates of four major gram-negative bacilli in the ICU department were much higher and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion Amikacin, carbapenems, and piperacillin/tazobactam exhibited relatively high sensitivity, whereas fluoroquinolones showed high resistance rate whether they can be the first-line antimicrobials for empirical treatment of UTI should take more consideration. The gram-negative bacilli in ICU were more resistance than that in non-ICU. These findings are helpful for clinicians using antimicrobials reasonably.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liangyi Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
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Shi T, Li P, Yang W, Qi A, Qiao J. Application of TCN-biGRU neural network in [Formula: see text] concentration prediction. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:119506-119517. [PMID: 37930575 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter ([Formula: see text]) poses a significant threat to human life and health, and therefore, accurately predicting [Formula: see text] concentration is critical for controlling air pollution. Two improved types of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), the long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU), have been widely used in time series data prediction due to their ability to capture temporal features. However, both degrade into random guessing as the time length increases. In order to enhance the accuracy of [Formula: see text] concentration prediction and address the issue of random guessing in RNNs neural networks, this study introduces a TCN-biGRU neural network model. This model is a hybrid prediction approach based on combining temporal convolutional networks (TCN) and bidirectional gated recurrent units (bi-GRU). TCN extracts higher-level feature information from longer time series data of [Formula: see text] concentrations, while bi-GRU captures features from past and future data to achieve more accurate predictive outcomes. This case study utilizes data from monitoring stations in Beijing in 2021 for conducting [Formula: see text] prediction experiments. The TCN-biGRU model achieves an average absolute error, root mean square error, and [Formula: see text] of 4.20, 7.71, and 0.961 in its predictive outcomes. When compared to the predictive outcomes of individual LSTM, GRU, and bi-GRU models, it is evident that the TCN-biGRU model exhibits smaller errors and superior predictive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Nanmofang, 100124, Beijing, China.
| | - Pengyu Li
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Nanmofang, 100124, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Nanmofang, 100124, Beijing, China
| | - Ailin Qi
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Nanmofang, 100124, Beijing, China
| | - Junfei Qiao
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Nanmofang, 100124, Beijing, China
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Chen S, Gao X, Shi T, Zuo X, Hong C, Zhang Y, You B, Li F, Jackson T, He Y. Promising Subjective and Objective Benefits of Modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training for Chinese Adults with Chronic Pain: A Pilot Randomized Control Study. Pain Ther 2023; 12:1397-1414. [PMID: 37713159 PMCID: PMC10615992 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-023-00551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing pain-related stress in adults with chronic pain. However, the implementation of MBSR needs modifications across cultures. This pilot study reports the findings of a randomized controlled trial that investigated the effects of a culturally adaptive MBSR program on self-report and neuroimaging outcomes for chronic pain adults in China. METHODS Sixty-seven participants were randomly assigned to the treatment group (n = 40) or the treatment-as-usual group (n = 27) group at a ratio of 1.5:1. Participants completed self-report measures of pain severity, pain interference, depression, perceived stress, pain catastrophizing, mindfulness, and resilience at baseline assessment (T1), post-treatment (T2), and 3-month follow-up (T3) assessments. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning was also performed at T1 and T3 assessments. RESULTS For the intention-to-treat sample, the results of the mixed-effect model indicated that Group × Time interaction was significant for pain catastrophizing only (F (2, 130) = 3.51, p = 0.033). Compared with the control group, those in the MBSR group reported greater reductions in pain catastrophizing at T2 (d = - 0.60), though this effect was not maintained at T3 (d = - 0.05). Additionally, the results of completer analyses found significant Group × Time interactions for pain interference (F (2, 88) = 4.40, p = 0.015) and perceived stress (F (2, 88) = 3.13, p = 0.048), but not for other measures. Finally, both groups exhibited decreased regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the frontal lobe, while increased ReHo in the cerebellum anterior lobe was unique to the MBSR group. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that the minor modified MBSR program improves certain pain-related outcomes for Chinese adults with chronic pain. Future studies with larger samples of Chinese chronic pain patients are needed to detect the small-to-moderate benefit of MBSR on fMRI and/or other objective methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghong Chen
- Department of Medical Psychology, Neurological Medical Center, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xubin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xibo Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chengjin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Beibei You
- School of Nursing, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- School of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR
| | - Ying He
- Department of Medical Psychology, Neurological Medical Center, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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Chen P, Wang T, He D, Shi T, Chen M, Fang K, Lin H, Wang J, Wang C, Pang H. Delocalized Isoelectronic Heterostructured FeCoO x S y Catalysts with Tunable Electron Density for Accelerated Sulfur Redox Kinetics in Li-S batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311693. [PMID: 37672488 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
High interconversion energy barriers, depressive reaction kinetics of sulfur species, and sluggish Li+ transport inhibit the wide development of high-energy-density lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, differing from random mixture of selected catalysts, the composite catalyst with outer delocalized isoelectronic heterostructure (DIHC) is proposed and optimized, enhancing the catalytic efficiency for decreasing related energy barriers. As a proof-of-content, the FeCoOx Sy composites with different degrees of sulfurization are fabricated by regulating atoms ratio between O and S. The relationship of catalytic efficiency and principal mechanism in DIHCs are deeply understood from electrochemical experiments to in situ/operando spectral spectroscopies i.e., Raman, XRD and UV/Vis. Consequently, the polysulfide conversion and Li2 S precipitation/dissolution experiments strongly demonstrate the volcano-like catalytic efficiency of various DIHCs. Furthermore, the FeCoOx Sy -decorated cell delivers the high performance (1413 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 ). Under the low electrolyte/sulfur ratio, the high loading cell stabilizes the areal capacity of 6.67 mAh cm-2 at 0.2 A g-1 . Impressively, even resting for about 17 days for possible polysulfide shuttling, the high-mass-loading FeCoOx Sy -decorated cell stabilizes the same capacity, showing the practical application of the DIHCs in improving catalytic efficiency and reaching high electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Di He
- Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Manfang Chen
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Kan Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongzhen Lin
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian Wang
- i-Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Ulm, D-89081, Germany
| | - Chengyin Wang
- Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Huan Pang
- Institute for Innovative Materials and Energy, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
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Shi T, Li M, Yu Y. Machine learning-enhanced insights into sphingolipid-based prognostication: revealing the immunological landscape and predictive proficiency for immunomotherapy and chemotherapy responses in pancreatic carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1284623. [PMID: 38028544 PMCID: PMC10643633 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1284623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: With a poor prognosis for affected individuals, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is known as a complicated and diverse illness. Immunocytes have become essential elements in the development of PAAD. Notably, sphingolipid metabolism has a dual function in the development of tumors and the invasion of the immune system. Despite these implications, research on the predictive ability of sphingolipid variables for PAAD prognosis is strikingly lacking, and it is yet unclear how they can affect PAAD immunotherapy and targeted pharmacotherapy. Methods: The investigation process included SPG detection while also being pertinent to the prognosis for PAAD. Both the analytical capability of CIBERSORT and the prognostic capability of the pRRophetic R package were used to evaluate the immunological environments of the various HCC subtypes. In addition, CCK-8 experiments on PAAD cell lines were carried out to confirm the accuracy of drug sensitivity estimates. The results of these trials, which also evaluated cell survival and migratory patterns, confirmed the usefulness of sphingolipid-associated genes (SPGs). Results: As a result of this thorough investigation, 32 SPGs were identified, each of which had a measurable influence on the dynamics of overall survival. This collection of genes served as the conceptual framework for the development of a prognostic model, which was carefully assembled from 10 chosen genes. It should be noted that this grouping of patients into cohorts with high and low risk was a sign of different immune profiles and therapy responses. The increased abundance of SPGs was identified as a possible sign of inadequate responses to immune-based treatment approaches. The careful CCK-8 testing carried out on PAAD cell lines was of the highest importance for providing clear confirmation of drug sensitivity estimates. Conclusion: The significance of Sphingolipid metabolism in the complex web of PAAD development is brought home by this study. The novel risk model, built on the complexity of sphingolipid-associated genes, advances our understanding of PAAD and offers doctors a powerful tool for developing personalised treatment plans that are specifically suited to the unique characteristics of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yabin Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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Atkins N, Harikar M, Duggan K, Zawiejska A, Vardhan V, Vokey L, Dozier M, de los Godos EF, Mcswiggan E, Mcquillan R, Theodoratou E, Shi T. What are the characteristics of participatory surveillance systems for influenza-like-illness? J Glob Health 2023; 13:04130. [PMID: 37856769 PMCID: PMC10587643 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Seasonal influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 9.4 million hospitalisations and 290 000-650 000 respiratory related-deaths globally each year. Influenza can also cause mild illness, which is why not all symptomatic persons might necessarily be tested for influenza. To monitor influenza activity, healthcare facility-based syndromic surveillance for influenza-like illness is often implemented. Participatory surveillance systems for influenza-like illness (ILI) play an important role in influenza surveillance and can complement traditional facility-based surveillance systems to provide real-time estimates of influenza-like illness activity. However, such systems differ in designs between countries and contexts, making it necessary to identify their characteristics to better understand how they fit traditional surveillance systems. Consequently, we aimed to investigate the performance of participatory surveillance systems for ILI worldwide. Methods We systematically searched four databases for relevant articles on influenza participatory surveillance systems for ILI. We extracted data from the included, eligible studies and assessed their quality using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tools. We then synthesised the findings using narrative synthesis. Results We included 39 out of 3797 retrieved articles for analysis. We identified 26 participatory surveillance systems, most of which sought to capture the burden and trends of influenza-like illness and acute respiratory infections among cohorts with risk factors for influenza-like illness. Of all the surveillance system attributes assessed, 52% reported on correlation with other surveillance systems, 27% on representativeness, and 21% on acceptability. Among studies that reported these attributes, all systems were rated highly in terms of simplicity, flexibility, sensitivity, utility, and timeliness. Most systems (87.5%) were also well accepted by users, though participation rates varied widely. However, despite their potential for greater reach and accessibility, most systems (90%) fared poorly in terms of representativeness of the population. Stability was a concern for some systems (60%), as was completeness (50%). Conclusions The analysis of participatory surveillance system attributes showed their potential in providing timely and reliable influenza data, especially in combination with traditional hospital- and laboratory led-surveillance systems. Further research is needed to design future systems with greater uptake and utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadege Atkins
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Joint first authorship
| | - Mandara Harikar
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Joint first authorship
| | - Kirsten Duggan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Agnieszka Zawiejska
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vaishali Vardhan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura Vokey
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marshall Dozier
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma F de los Godos
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Equal contribution
| | - Emilie Mcswiggan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ruth Mcquillan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Equal contribution
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- UNCOVER (Usher Network for COVID-19 Evidence Reviews) Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Equal contribution
| | - Ting Shi
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Equal contribution
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Shi T, Yao Y, Hong Y, Li Y, Lu S, Qin W, Wu X. Scrolling reduced graphene oxides to induce room temperature magnetism via spatial coupling of defects. Mater Horiz 2023; 10:4344-4353. [PMID: 37439252 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to its intriguing features and numerous applications, graphene has garnered a lot of interest in recent years. However, it is still very difficult to create graphene-based room-temperature magnets without transition metals or rare earth elements since pristine graphene is inherently diamagnetic due to the delocalized π bonding network. Herein, room-temperature ferromagnetism with a saturation magnetization of 0.93 emu g-1 (300 K) is achieved in defect-rich-reduced graphene oxide (DR-rGO) nanoscrolls by creating a spatial coupling of defects. The experiments and DFT calculations verify that spatial coupling of defects could enhance Rudermann-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interactions to induce magnetism in graphene. It displays high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption performance with a minimal reflection loss of -62.1 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.8 GHz (3.0 mm) thanks to greatly improved magnetism. This breakthrough serves as a building block for the creation of room-temperature magnetic carbon materials and expands their applications in many pertinent domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Yao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Hong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Songtao Lu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
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Cui X, Liu H, Shi T, Zhao Q, Li F, Lv W, Yu C, Huang H, Tang QQ, Pan D. IFI27 Integrates Succinate and Fatty Acid Oxidation to Promote Adipocyte Thermogenic Adaption. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301855. [PMID: 37544897 PMCID: PMC10558685 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the pivot organelles to control metabolism and energy homeostasis. The capacity of mitochondrial metabolic adaptions to cold stress is essential for adipocyte thermogenesis. How brown adipocytes keep mitochondrial fitness upon a challenge of cold-induced oxidative stress has not been well characterized. This manuscript shows that IFI27 plays an important role in cristae morphogenesis, keeping intact succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) function and active fatty acid oxidation to sustain thermogenesis in brown adipocytes. IFI27 protein interaction map identifies SDHB and HADHA as its binding partners. IFI27 physically links SDHB to chaperone TNF receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1), which shields SDHB from oxidative damage-triggered degradation. Moreover, IFI27 increases hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha (HADHA) catalytic activity in β-oxidation pathway. The reduced SDH level and fatty acid oxidation in Ifi27-knockout brown fat results in impaired oxygen consumption and defective thermogenesis. Thus, IFI27 is a novel regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dongning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Shi T, Yang N, Wan J. Powering green and low-carbon Olympics. Environ Sci Ecotechnol 2023; 16:100263. [PMID: 37251518 PMCID: PMC10208920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
•Top 8 green and low-carbon best practices of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics were selected.•Green Olympic experiences were summarized and promoted.•First carbon-neutral Olympic was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the PR China, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Nian Yang
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the PR China, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the PR China, Beijing, 100012, China
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Shi T, Xu L, Li X, Huang L. The CD19 + B cell as a marker for the febrile children infected with influenza A and Omicron variant. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29097. [PMID: 37828727 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
H3N2 and Omicron are common pathogens of respiratory infections in children. This study aimed to explore dynamic changes of lymphocyte subsets and the diagnostic value of CD19+ B cell in children infected with influenza A and Omicron. One hundred and sixty-five in-patients with H3N2, 175 in-patients with Omicron variant, and 50 age-matched healthy children from Children's Hospital of Soochow University were included in this study. The participants underwent 13 respiratory pathogens by DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sputum culture, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) DNA PCR, routine blood, and lymphocyte subset assays within 24 h of admission. The neutrophils, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in the H3N2 and Omicron groups were significantly higher than in the control groups (p < 0.05). However, the lymphocytes and eosinophils in the H3N2 and Omicron groups were lower than the control groups (p < 0.05). The CD3+ T cell, CD3+ CD4+ T cell, CD3+ CD8+ T cell, CD3- CD19+ B cell, and natural killer cell were lower in the H3N2 and Omicron groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). The CD3- CD19+ cell in the Omicron group was higher than that in the H3N2 group but lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, CD3- CD19+ cell had good diagnostic value for H3N2 (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.902, p < 0.05). The children with H3N2 were more likely to have lower lymphocytes than children with Omicron. Additionally, B-cell count had good diagnostic value for H3N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Pediatric, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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28
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Zhang X, Tan L, Ouyang P, Ma H, Peng J, Shi T, Xie L. Analysis of distribution and antibiotic resistance of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from a tertiary-care hospital in southern China: an 8-year retrospective study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1220363. [PMID: 37840716 PMCID: PMC10568454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1220363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Due to the severe drug resistance situation of Gram-negative bacteria, especially Gram-negative enterobacter, relatively little attention has been paid to the changes in Gram-positive bacteria species and drug resistance. Therefore, this study analyzed the prevalence and drug resistance of Gram-positive bacteria in a general tertiary-care hospital from 2014 to 2021, in order to discover the changes in Gram-positive bacteria distribution and drug resistance that cannot be easily identified, inform clinicians in their respective regions when selecting antimicrobial agents, and to provide the basis for the diagnosis of Gram-positive bacterial infection, and for the comprehensive and multi-pronged prevention and control of drug-resistant bacteria. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on Gram-positive bacteria isolated from patients presented to a general tertiary-care hospital from January 2014 to December 2021. A total of 15,217 Gram-positive strains were analyzed. Results During the 8-year period, the total number and the species of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from clinic increased continuously. The seven most common species were Streptococcus pneumoniae (21.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.9%), Enterococcus faecium (20.6%), Enterococcus faecalis (14.0%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (7.8%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (4.8%), Streptococcus agalactiae (3.6%). The isolation rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae increased, and the isolation rate of Enterococcus faecium decreased. The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, rifampicin and furantoin decreased obviously. The resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cefepime (non-meningitis) and ceftriaxone (meningitis) decreased significantly. The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and furantoin rose rapidly from 50.3, 47.6, 71.5, 44.9, 52.3, and 37.5% in 2014 to 93.1, 91.6, 84.9, 86.8, 86.8, and 60.0% in 2021, respectively. Conclusion The total number and the species of Gram-positive bacteria isolated during the 8-year period increased continuously. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus are the main causes of positive bacterial infections in this hospital. The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to a variety of commonly used antibiotics increased significantly. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the distribution of bacteria and their resistance to antibiotics to timely evaluate and identify changes in drug resistance that are not easily detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Liming Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Pengwen Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Ghangsha, China
| | - Jianqiao Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Liangyi Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
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Xie M, Lu Y, Ouyang G, Li X, Shi T, Yang M, Le J, Hu H, Zhang L, Feng W, Meng H, Mai W, Wei J, Qian J, Xu G, Yang C, Zhou D, Lin Y, Qian S, Kuang Y, Zhang L, Zhu W, Yao G, Wu G, Hu S, Huang X, Wang Y, Tong H, Jin J, Zhu HH. Dasatinib plus prednisone as induction and consolidation for adults with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: A single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:1119-1126. [PMID: 37434414 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
To reducing chemotherapy-related toxicity, the chemo-free regimens become a new trend of Ph + ALL treatment. Therefore, we conducted a phase 2 trial of dasatinib plus prednisone, as induction (Course I) and early consolidation (Courses II and III) treating newly diagnosed Ph + ALL. The trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2000038053. Forty-one patients were enrolled from 15 hospitals. The complete remission (CR) was 95% (39/41), including two elderly induction deaths. By the end of Course III, 25.6% (10/39) of patients achieved a complete molecular response. With a median follow-up of 15.4 months, 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) were 100% and 33% for patients who receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at CR1 and receiving chemotherapy alone respectively. When censored at time of HSCT, 2-year DFS were 51% and 45% for young and elderly patients (p = 0.987). 2-year overall survival were 45%, 86% and 100% for patients without HSCT, receiving HSCT after relapse and receiving HSCT at CR1 respectively. A total of 12 patients had marrow recurrences and one had CNS relapse, with 38% occurred early (between Courses I and III). IKZF1 gene deletion was shown to be associated with relapse (p = 0.019). This chemo-free induction and early consolidation regimen was efficacious and well-tolerated in de novo Ph + ALL. Allogeneic HSCT conferred definite survival advantage after chemo-free induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mixue Xie
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Hematology, Yinzhou Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guifang Ouyang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Le
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Huixian Hu
- Department of Hematology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital Medical Group, Jinhua, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Weiying Feng
- Department of Hematology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Haitao Meng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyuan Mai
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juying Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiejing Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaixiang Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - De Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Suying Qian
- Department of Hematology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuemin Kuang
- Department of Hematology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Guoli Yao
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongqiang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, China
| | - Shao Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The First Hospital of Ninghai County, Ningbo, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yungui Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Hu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
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Shi T, Bai Y, Wu X, Wang Y, Iqbal S, Tan W, Ni Z, Gao Z. PmAGAMOUS recruits polycomb protein PmLHP1 to regulate single-pistil morphogenesis in Japanese apricot. Plant Physiol 2023; 193:466-482. [PMID: 37204822 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) is a traditional fruit tree with a long history. Multiple pistils (MP) lead to the formation of multiple fruits, decreasing fruit quality and yield. In this study, the morphology of flowers was observed at 4 stages of pistil development: undifferentiated stage (S1), predifferentiation stage (S2), differentiation stage (S3), and late differentiation stage (S4). In S2 and S3, the expression of PmWUSCHEL (PmWUS) in the MP cultivar was significantly higher than that in the single-pistil (SP) cultivar, and the gene expression of its inhibitor, PmAGAMOUS (PmAG), also showed the same trend, indicating that other regulators participate in the regulation of PmWUS during this period. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR) showed that PmAG could bind to the promoter and the locus of PmWUS, and H3K27me3 repressive marks were also detected at these sites. The SP cultivar exhibited an elevated level of DNA methylation in the promoter region of PmWUS, which partially overlapped with the region of histone methylation. This suggests that the regulation of PmWUS involves both transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. Also, the gene expression of Japanese apricot LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN (PmLHP1), an epigenetic regulator, in MP was significantly lower than that in SP in S2 to 3, contrary to the trend in expression of PmWUS. Our results showed that PmAG recruited sufficient PmLHP1 to maintain the level of H3K27me3 on PmWUS during the S2 of pistil development. This recruitment of PmLHP1 by PmAG inhibits the expression of PmWUS at the precise time, leading to the formation of 1 normal pistil primordium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Bai
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Yike Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Horticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaojun Ni
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Lindsay L, Calvert C, Shi T, Carruthers J, Denny C, Donaghy J, Hopcroft LEM, Hopkins L, Goulding A, McLaughlin T, Moore E, Taylor B, Bhaskaran K, Katikireddi SV, McCabe R, McCowan C, Simpson CR, Robertson C, Sheikh A, Wood R, Stock SJ. Neonatal and maternal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination: a population-based matched cohort study. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5275. [PMID: 37644002 PMCID: PMC10465539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy on neonatal and maternal outcomes informs clinical decision-making. Here we report a national, population-based, matched cohort study to investigate associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and, separately, COVID-19 vaccination just before or during pregnancy and the risk of adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes among women in Scotland with a singleton pregnancy ending at ≥20 weeks gestation. Neonatal outcomes are stillbirth, neonatal death, extended perinatal mortality, preterm birth (overall, spontaneous, and provider-initiated), small-for-gestational age, and low Apgar score. Maternal outcomes are admission to critical care or death, venous thromboembolism, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and pregnancy-related bleeding. We use conditional logistic regression to derive odds ratios adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics (aORs). We find that infection is associated with an increased risk of preterm (aOR=1.36, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.16-1.59) and very preterm birth (aOR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.20-3.02), maternal admission to critical care or death (aOR=1.72, 95% CI = 1.39-2.12), and venous thromboembolism (aOR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.47-4.35). We find no evidence of increased risk for any of our outcomes following vaccination. These data suggest SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is associated with adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes, and COVID-19 vaccination remains a safe way for pregnant women to protect themselves and their babies against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Calvert
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | - Lisa E M Hopcroft
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Anna Goulding
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK
| | | | - Emily Moore
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Bob Taylor
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Krishnan Bhaskaran
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ronan McCabe
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin McCowan
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Colin R Simpson
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Chris Robertson
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachael Wood
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Sarah J Stock
- Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Lin K, Zhou E, Shi T, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zheng Z, Pan Y, Gao W, Yu Y. m6A eraser FTO impairs gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer through influencing NEDD4 mRNA stability by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:217. [PMID: 37605223 PMCID: PMC10464189 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gemcitabine resistance has brought great challenges to the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mutation has been shown to have a significant regulatory role in chemosensitivity; however, it is not apparent whether gemcitabine resistance can be regulated by fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO). METHODS Cells with established gemcitabine resistance and tissues from pancreatic cancer patients were used to evaluate FTO expression. The biological mechanisms of the effects of FTO on gemcitabine resistant cells were investigated using CCK-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and inhibitory concentration 50. Immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry, MeRIP-seq, RNA sequencing and RIP assays, RNA stability, luciferase reporter, and RNA pull down assays were employed to examine the mechanism of FTO affecting gemcitabine resistant pancreatic cancer cells. RESULTS The results revealed that FTO was substantially expressed in cells and tissues that were resistant to gemcitabine. Functionally, the gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer could be enhanced by FTO, while its depletion inhibited the growth of gemcitabine resistant tumor cells in vivo. Immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry showed that the FTO protein can be bound to USP7 and deubiquitinated by USP7, leading to the upregulation of FTO. At the same time, FTO knockdown significantly decreased the expression level of NEDD4 in an m6A-dependent manner. RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation verified YTHDF2 as the reader of NEDD4, which promoted the chemoresistance of gemcitabine resistant cells. FTO knockdown markedly increased the PTEN expression level in an NEDD4-dependent manner and influenced the chemosensitivity to gemcitabine through the PI3K/AKT pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we found that gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer can be influenced by FTO that demethylates NEDD4 RNA in a m6A-dependent manner, which then influences the PTEN expression level and thereby affects the PI3K/AKT pathway. We also identified that the FTO level can be upregulated by USP7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Endi Zhou
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Afliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Siqing Zhang
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinfan Zhang
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziruo Zheng
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuetian Pan
- Medical Faculty of Ludwig Maximilians, University of Munich-Munich, Bayern, Germany
| | - Wentao Gao
- Pancreas Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yabin Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Afliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China.
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Shi T, Wang H, Li YJ, Wang YF, Pan Q, Wang B, Shang EL. Genus Acrostalagmus: A Prolific Producer of Natural Products. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1191. [PMID: 37627256 PMCID: PMC10452555 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrostalagmus is known for its ability to produce numerous bioactive natural products, making it valuable in drug development. This review provides information on the sources, distribution, chemical structure types, biosynthesis, and biological activities of the compounds isolated from the genus Acrostalagmus in the family Plectosphaerellaceae from 1969 to 2022. The results show that 50% of the compounds isolated from Acrostalagmus are new natural products, and 82% of the natural products derived from this genus are from the marine Acrostalagmus. The compounds isolated from Acrostalagmus exhibit diverse structures, with alkaloids being of particular importance, accounting for 56% of the natural products derived from this genus. Furthermore, within the alkaloid class, 61% belong to the epipolythiodioxopiperazine family, highlighting the significance of epipolythiodioxopiperazine as a key characteristic structure within Acrostalagmus. Seventy-two percent of natural products derived from Acrostalagmus display bioactivities, with 50% of the bioactive compounds exhibiting more significant or comparable activities than their positive controls. Interestingly, 89% of potent active compounds are derived from marine fungi, demonstrating their promising potential for development. These findings underscore Acrostalagmus, particularly the marine-derived genus Acrostalagmusas, a valuable source of new bioactive secondary metabolites, and emphasize the vast resource importance of the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (T.S.); (H.W.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (Q.P.)
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (T.S.); (H.W.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (Q.P.)
| | - Yan-Jing Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (T.S.); (H.W.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (Q.P.)
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (T.S.); (H.W.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (Q.P.)
| | - Qun Pan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (T.S.); (H.W.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (Q.P.)
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (T.S.); (H.W.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (Q.P.)
| | - Er-Lei Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Wang H, Hu B, Huang J, Chen L, Yuan M, Tian X, Shi T, Zhao J, Huang W. Predicting the fatigue in Parkinson's disease using inertial sensor gait data and clinical characteristics. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1172320. [PMID: 37388552 PMCID: PMC10303817 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1172320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to analyze the clinical features and gait characteristics of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who also suffer from fatigue and to develop a model that can help identify fatigue states in the early stages of PD. Methodology A total of 81 PD patients have been enrolled for the Parkinson's Fatigue Scale (PFS-16) assessment and divided into two groups: patients with or without fatigue. Neuropsychological assessments of the two groups, including motor and non-motor symptoms, were collected. The patient's gait characteristics were collected using a wearable inertial sensor device. Results PD patients who experienced fatigue had a more significant impairment of motor symptoms than those who did not, and the experience of fatigue became more pronounced as the disease progressed. Patients with fatigue had more significant mood disorders and sleep disturbances, which can lead to a poorer quality of life. PD patients with fatigue had shorter step lengths, lower velocity, and stride length and increased stride length variability. As for kinematic parameters, PD patients with fatigue had lower shank-forward swing max, trunk-max sagittal angular velocity, and lumbar-max coronal angular velocity than PD patients without fatigue. The binary logistic analysis found that Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-I (MDS-UPDRS-I) scores, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores, and stride length variability independently predicted fatigue in PD patients. The area under the curve (AUC) of these selected factors in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was 0.900. Moreover, HAMD might completely mediate the association between Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores and fatigue (indirect effect: β = 0.032, 95% confidence interval: 0.001-0.062), with a percentage of mediation of 55.46%. Conclusion Combining clinical characteristics and gait cycle parameters, including MDS-UPDRS-I scores, HAMD scores, and stride length variability, can identify PD patients with a high fatigue risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Binbin Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingfu Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiahao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Shi T, Chen S, Long Y, Gu Z. Safety and efficacy of stenting for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis: a systematic reveiw and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122842. [PMID: 37361212 PMCID: PMC10285394 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is currently the second-leading cause of death just behind ischaemic heart disease. Drug therapy is currently the standard of care for patients with symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis (sICAS). Stenting is an important treatment for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. It has been suggested that vertebral artery stenting might reduce this risk, but operation-related complications limit the application of stenting in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The differences in the safety and efficacy of stenting combined with drugs and drugs alone in the treatment of sICAS are unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of both treatment modalities on the prognosis of patients with sICAS through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, DUXIU) and English databases (Pubmed, Embase, Ovid_medline, Cochrane library, Web of science)were searched to identify all studies describing sICAS. The "Risk of Bias Assessment" tool and the "Jadad Scale" provided by the Cochrane Collaboration were used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the collected literature. The risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined using Stata statistical software version 14.0. Results: A total of 11 studies were included, comprising a total of 1,915 patients. The combined results of the study showed no significant difference between the incidence of transient cerebral ischemia (TIA)and stroke in patients with sICAS treated with drugs in combination with stents versus drugs alone. The incidence of death or stroke, cerebral haemorrhage, disabling stroke or death was significantly higher in patients receiving stent-combined drug therapy versus drug therapy alone for sICAS. Conclusion: Studies suggest that stenting combined with medication for patients with sICAS may increase the incidence of death or stroke, cerebral haemorrhage, stroke or death, but has no significant effect on the incidence of TIA and stroke. The studies report inadequate and conflicting data and therefore the safety and efficacy of stenting for sICAS should be interpreted with caution. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022377090, identifier CRD42022377090.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- The Department of Blood Transfusion, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - ShiJian Chen
- The Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - YongPei Long
- The Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - ZhongDeng Gu
- The Department of Rehabilitation, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu X, Fang T, Shi T, Wang Y, Liu G. Hydrogels provide microenvironments to mesenchymal stem cells for craniofacial bone regeneration: Review. J Biomater Appl 2023:8853282231183103. [PMID: 37291869 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231183103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The anatomical and physiological architecture of the craniofacial bone is intricate. Hence, the exact management of osteogenesis is necessary for the regeneration of the deficiencies that present in this area. Stem-based tissue engineering approaches, as opposed to conventional surgical intervention, induce bone growth with minimal postoperative risk and expense. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC)'s pluripotent differentiation potential, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties underpin its versatility as a therapeutic agent in bone tissues. Inspired by the native stem cell niche, hydrogels are preferred choices to mediate cells and adapt to 3-D environment because of their outstanding swelling capabilities and similarity to natural extracellular matrices (ECMs). Due to their remarkable biocompatibility and capacity for stimulating bone regeneration, bone regeneration hydrogels have also received a great deal of interest. This review explores the opportunities of MSC based regenerative skeletal therapies, introduces the application of hydrogel scaffolds as artificial bone microenvironments for stem cells to explore its usage in craniofacial bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Ting Shi
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yun Wang
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Guanying Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
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He J, Chen Y, Dai S, Chen F, Wang Y, Shi T, Chen L, Liu Y, Chen J, Xie P. First insights into region-specific lipidome alterations of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice exposed chronically to microcystins. Environ Int 2023; 177:108018. [PMID: 37329758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs), a group of most widespread freshwater cyanotoxins that possess strong neurotoxicity, can adversely affect brain structures and functions and are linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the essential role of lipids in brain structures and functions, the brain lipidome profile of mammals exposed to MCs remains unexplored, hindering a clear understanding of the neurotoxic effects of MCs and underlying mechanisms. In this study, we performed untargeted lipidomic profiling using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice orally exposed to 30 and 300 μg/kg body mass/day of microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) for 180 days to evaluate the impacts of MC-LR on the brain lipidome profile and functions. Our results show that MC-LR resulted in a decline in cognitive parameters, as assessed by the Morris water maze test. Interestingly, apparent neurodegenerative changes were observed in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the hippocampus. Comprehensive lipidomic analyses uncovered profound, region-specific changes in the phospholipid and sphingolipid profile at the levels of lipid subclasses, lipid species, and fatty acyl composition. These changes showed overall decrease trends of lipid content in the prefrontal cortex yet increasing trends in the hippocampus. We identified distinct transcriptional regulations of lipid metabolism and apoptosis by MC-LR in the two regions, which appeared to underlie the neurodegenerative changes. Collectively, this study uncovers region-specific changes in the brain lipidome profile and functions induced by MCs, shedding light on the role of lipid dysfunction in neurotoxicity mechanism of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiming Dai
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yeke Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Cai Q, Halilovic L, Shi T, Chen A, He B, Wu H, Jin H. Extracellular vesicles: cross-organismal RNA trafficking in plants, microbes, and mammalian cells. Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids 2023; 4:262-282. [PMID: 37575974 PMCID: PMC10419970 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanometer-scale particles that transport biological materials such as RNAs, proteins, and metabolites. EVs have been discovered in nearly all kingdoms of life as a form of cellular communication across different cells and between interacting organisms. EV research has primarily focused on EV-mediated intra-organismal transport in mammals, which has led to the characterization of a plethora of EV contents from diverse cell types with distinct and impactful physiological effects. In contrast, research into EV-mediated transport in plants has focused on inter-organismal interactions between plants and interacting microbes. However, the overall molecular content and functions of plant and microbial EVs remain largely unknown. Recent studies into the plant-pathogen interface have demonstrated that plants produce and secrete EVs that transport small RNAs into pathogen cells to silence virulence-related genes. Plant-interacting microbes such as bacteria and fungi also secrete EVs which transport proteins, metabolites, and potentially RNAs into plant cells to enhance their virulence. This review will focus on recent advances in EV-mediated communications in plant-pathogen interactions compared to the current state of knowledge of mammalian EV capabilities and highlight the role of EVs in cross-kingdom RNA interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Lida Halilovic
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Angela Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Baoye He
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Huaitong Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Hailing Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
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Huang J, Yuan X, Chen L, Hu B, Jiang L, Shi T, Wang H, Huang W. Subjective cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease: an updated review. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1117068. [PMID: 37304074 PMCID: PMC10251438 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1117068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) worsens the prognosis of PD and increases caregivers' burden and economic consequences. Recently, subjective cognitive decline (SCD), which refers to self-reported cognitive decline without detectable objective cognitive dysfunction, has been regarded as an at-risk state of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and a prodromal stage for dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, studies on PD-SCD have thus far been scarce, and at present there is no consensus regarding the definition of SCD nor a gold standard as an evaluation tool. The present review aimed to look for an association between PD-SCD and objective cognitive function and found that PD with SCD occurred with brain metabolic changes, which were consistent with early aberrant pathological changes in PD. Moreover, PD patients with SCD were likely to progress to future cognitive impairment. It is necessary to establish a guideline for the definition and evaluation of SCD in PD. A larger sample size and more longitudinal investigations are needed to verify the predictive effectiveness of PD-SCD and to detect earlier subtle cognitive decline before MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Binbin Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Awati A, Zhou S, Shi T, Zeng J, Yang R, He Y, Zhang X, Zeng H, Zhu D, Cao T, Xie L, Liu M, Kong B. Interfacial Super-Assembly of Intertwined Nanofibers toward Hybrid Nanochannels for Synergistic Salinity Gradient Power Conversion. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37235387 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Capturing the abundant salinity gradient power into electric power by nanofluidic systems has attracted increasing attention and has shown huge potential to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. However, not only the imbalance between permeability and selectivity but also the poor stability and high cost of traditional membranes limit their scale-up realistic applications. Here, intertwined "soft-hard" nanofibers/tubes are densely super-assembled on the surface of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) to construct a heterogeneous nanochannel membrane, which exhibits smart ion transport and improved salinity gradient power conversion. In this process, one-dimensional (1D) "soft" TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are wrapped around "hard" carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to form three-dimensional (3D) dense nanochannel networks, subsequently forming a CNF-CNT/AAO hybrid membrane. The 3D nanochannel networks constructed by this intertwined "soft-hard" nanofiber/tube method can significantly enhance the membrane stability while maintaining the ion selectivity and permeability. Furthermore, benefiting from the asymmetric structure and charge polarity, the hybrid nanofluidic membrane displays a low membrane inner resistance, directional ionic rectification characteristics, outstanding cation selectivity, and excellent salinity gradient power conversion performance with an output power density of 3.3 W/m2. Besides, a pH sensitive property of the hybrid membrane is exhibited, and a higher power density of 4.2 W/m2 can be achieved at a pH of 11, which is approximately 2 times more compared to that of pure 1D nanomaterial based homogeneous membranes. These results indicate that this interfacial super-assembly strategy can provide a way for large-scale production of nanofluidic devices for various fields including salinity gradient energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abuduheiremu Awati
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Ting Shi
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Ran Yang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun He
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Dazhang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Tongcheng Cao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P. R. China
- Shandong Research Institute, Fudan University, Shandong 250103, P. R. China
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Shi T, Huang L. Prevalence of respiratory pathogens and risk of developing pneumonia under Non-pharmaceutical interventions in Suzhou, China. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e82. [PMID: 37127406 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823000626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
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Shi T, Robertson C, Sheikh A. Effectiveness and safety of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2023; 29:138-142. [PMID: 36825398 PMCID: PMC10090353 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review and summarise recent evidence on the effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 hospitalisation and death in adults as well as in specific population groups, namely pregnant women, and children and adolescents. We also sought to summarise evidence on vaccine safety in relation to cardiovascular and neurological complications. In order to do so, we drew primarily on evidence from two our own data platforms and supplement these with insights from related large population-based studies and systematic reviews. RECENT FINDINGS All studies showed high vaccine effectiveness against confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and in particular against COVID-19 hospitalisation and death. However, vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 infection waned over time. These studies also found that booster vaccines would be needed to maintain high vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 outcomes. Rare cardiovascular and neurological complications have been reported in association with COVID-19 vaccines. SUMMARY The findings from this paper support current recommendations that vaccination remains the safest way for adults, pregnant women, children and adolescents to be protected against COVID-19. There is a need to continue to monitor the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines as these continue to be deployed in the evolving pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
| | - Chris Robertson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
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Luo S, Lyu CJ, Mao Y, Liu Y, Shi T, Zhao YL. Examining asymmetric pairwise pre-reaction and transition states in enzymatic catalysis by molecular dynamics simulation and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102263. [PMID: 37120814 PMCID: PMC10172999 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol to examine asymmetric pairwise pre-reaction and transition states in enzymatic catalysis. We describe steps to set up the calculated systems, run umbrella sampling molecular dynamics simulation, and conduct quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. We also provide analytical scripts to yield potential of mean force of pre-reaction states and reaction barriers. This protocol can generate quantum-mechanistic data for constructing pre-reaction state/transition state machine learning models. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Luo et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenggan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chu-Jun Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Shi T, Huang L, Zhang W, Shi W, Wu J, Bian Y, Jiang Y, Tian J. Identification of ADA as a Biomarker for Atypical Epstein Barr Virus Infection in Children. Klin Padiatr 2023. [PMID: 37116540 DOI: 10.1055/a-2041-2986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the ability of adenosine deaminase (ADA) to discriminate atypical Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection in children from acute febrile illness. METHODS All children admitted to the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between 2018 and 2019, who were acute febrile patients and subjected to the plasma EBV-DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay for EBV-specific antibodies assays. The diagnostic value of each detection index was compared by the area under the ROC curve. RESULTS In children with atypical Epstein Barr virus infection, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and Youden index were 62.87%, 100.00%,100.00%, 61.73% and 0.63 for EBV-DNA PCR assay, 80.84%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 75.76% and 0.81 for VCA-IgG avidity and 89.22%, 87.00%, 91.98%, 82.86% and 0.76 for ADA. VCA-IgG avidity (AUC=0.904, P<0.01) and ADA (AUC=0.881, P<0.01) assays had the great diagnostic efficiency. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 92.75%,91.43% and 0.921(95%CI: 0.856-0.985) for ADA in the course≤3 days group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS ADA has a good diagnostic value in the early stage of atypical EBV infection, and is not affected by primary EBV infection and reactivation. SCHLüSSELWöRTER: Adenosine deaminase, Epstein -Barr virus, Biomarker, children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Wangsheng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanxi Bian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianmei Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
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Shi T, Ding Q, Liu X, Ai G, Zhou H, Huang L. Concordance of adenosine deaminase with immunoglobulins and lymphocyte subsets in EBV-related diseases. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:49. [PMID: 37095577 PMCID: PMC10127006 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection are diverse. This study aimed to explore the immune response in EBV-related diseases and the correlation between immune cells and adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels. METHODS This study was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University. In total, 104 patients with EBV-associated respiratory tract infection (EBV-RTI), 32 patients with atypical EBV infection, 54 patients with EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM1, with normal alanine aminotransferase [ALT] levels), 50 patients with EBV-IM2 (with elevated ALT levels), 50 patients with acute respiratory infection (AURI, with other pathogens), and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Indicators of ADA, immunoglobulins (Igs), and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed for EBV-related diseases. RESULTS Differences in the white blood cell, lymphocyte counts, ADA levels, IgA, IgG and IgM titers, percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD16+CD56+, CD3-CD19+, and CD19+CD23+ lymphocytes, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio between EBV-related disease groups were all statistically significant (P < 0.01). ADA levels in the EBV-related disease groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The lymphocyte count, ADA levels, IgA and IgG titers, and percentage of CD3+ and CD3+CD8 + lymphocytes in the atypical EBV infection, EBV-IM1, and EBV-IM2 groups were significantly higher than those in the EBV-RTI, AUTI, and control groups (P < 0.01), whereas the percentage of CD3+CD4+, CD3-CD19+, and CD19+CD23+ lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio showed the opposite trend. ADA levels were consistent with and closely related to the viral load and cellular and humoral immunity in EBV-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS ADA levels, humoral immunity, and cellular immunity were diverse in EBV-related diseases, and ADA was closely related to Igs and lymphocyte subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinglou Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guo Ai
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Bai Y, Shi T, Huang X, Zhou P, Ouma KO, Ni Z, Gao F, Tan W, Ma C, Ma Y, Gao Z. Genome-Wide Identification of the KNOX Gene Family in Japanese Apricot ( Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) and Functional Characterization of PmKNAT2 Genes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040939. [PMID: 37107697 PMCID: PMC10138190 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Knotted1-like Homeobox gene is crucial for plant morphological development and growth. Physicochemical characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal localization, cis-acting elements, and tissue-specific expression patterns of the 11 PmKNOX genes found in the Japanese apricot genome in this study were examined. Proteins of 11 PmKNOX were soluble proteins with isoelectric points between 4.29 and 6.53, molecular masses between 15.732 and 44.011 kDa, and amino acid counts between 140 and 430. The identified PmKNOX gene family was split into three subfamilies by jointly constructing the phylogenetic tree of KNOX proteins in Japanese apricot and Arabidopsis thaliana. Combined outcomes of the analyzed conserved motifs and gene structures of the 11 PmKNOX genes from the same subfamily displayed comparable gene structure and motif patterns. The 11 PmKNOX members were distributed across six chromosomes, while two sets of PmKNOX genes were found to be collinear. Analysis of the 2000 bp promoter upstream of the coding region of the PmKNOX gene revealed that most PmKNOX genes might be involved in the physiological metabolism, growth and development processes of plants. The PmKNOX gene expression profile revealed that these genes were expressed at varying levels in different tissues, and most of them were linked to the meristems of leaf and flower buds, suggesting that PmKNOX may be involved in plants' apical meristems. In Arabidopsis thaliana, functional validation of PmKNAT2a and PmKNAT2b revealed that these two genes might be involved in regulating leaf and stem development. In addition to laying the groundwork for future research on the function of these genes, understanding the evolutionary relationships between members of the PmKNOX gene family provides opportunities for future breeding in Japanese apricots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ting Shi
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kenneth Omondi Ouma
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaojun Ni
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chengdong Ma
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yufan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Shi T, Yang W, Qi A, Li P, Qiao J. LASSO and attention-TCN: a concurrent method for indoor particulate matter prediction. APPL INTELL 2023; 53:1-15. [PMID: 37363388 PMCID: PMC10052318 DOI: 10.1007/s10489-023-04507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Long time exposure to indoor air pollution environments can increase the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory system damage. Most previous studies focus on outdoor air quality, while few studies on indoor air quality. Current neural network-based methods for indoor air quality prediction ignore the optimization of input variables, process input features serially, and still suffer from loss of information during model training, which may lead to the problems of memory-intensive, time-consuming and low-precision. We present a novel concurrent indoor PM prediction model based on the fusion model of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and an Attention Temporal Convolutional Network (ATCN), together called LATCN. First, a LASSO regression algorithm is used to select features from PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and PM (>10) datasets and environmental factors to optimize the inputs for indoor PM prediction model. Then an Attention Mechanism (AM) is applied to reduce the redundant temporal information to extract key features in inputs. Finally, a TCN is used to forecast indoor particulate concentration in parallel with inputting the extracted features, and it reduces information loss by residual connections. The results show that the main environmental factors affecting indoor PM concentration are the indoor heat index, indoor wind chill, wet bulb temperature and relative humidity. Comparing with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) approaches, LATCN systematically reduced the prediction error rate (19.7% ~ 28.1% for the NAE, and 16.4% ~ 21.5% for the RMSE) and improved the model running speed (30.4% ~ 81.2%) over these classical sequence prediction models. Our study can inform the active prevention of indoor air pollution, and provides a theoretical basis for indoor environmental standards, while laying the foundations for developing novel air pollution prevention equipment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ailin Qi
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Li
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Junfei Qiao
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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Zheng Y, Qin C, Li F, Qi J, Chu X, Li H, Shi T, Yan Z, Yang L, Xin X, Liu L, Han X, Yin L. Self-assembled thioether-bridged paclitaxel-dihydroartemisinin prodrug for amplified antitumor efficacy-based cancer ferroptotic-chemotherapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3321-3334. [PMID: 36946490 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02032g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis has been proposed as one form of iron-dependent cell death, overgeneration of high-toxicity hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) tumor sites via Fenton reactions induced cell membrane damage. However, the insufficient intracellular concentrations of both iron and H2O2 limited the anticancer performance of ferroptosis. In this study, ROS-sensitive prodrug nanoassemblies composed of a PEG2000-ferrous compound and a single thioether bond bridged dihydroartemisinin-paclitaxel prodrug were constructed, which fully tapped ex/endogenous iron, ferroptosis inducers, and chemotherapeutic agents. Following cellular uptake, the intracellular oxidizing environment accelerated the self-destruction of nanoassemblies and triggered drug release. In addition to the chemotherapeutic effect, the activated dihydroartemisinin was capable of acting as a toxic ˙OH amplifier via the reinforced Fenton reaction, simultaneously depleting intracellular GSH, as well as inducing glutathione peroxidase 4 inactivation, further enhancing ferroptosis-dependent cancer cell proliferation inhibition. Meanwhile, the ROS generation-inductive and cell cycle arrest effect from the paclitaxel augmented synergetic ferroptotic-chemotherapy of cancer. Thus, the prodrug integrating dihydroartemisinin with paclitaxel via a single thioether bond represents a potent nanoplatform to exert amplified ferroptotic-chemotherapy for improved anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jingxin Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xinyu Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaofei Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lifang Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Wang J, Wang X, Li X, Kong L, Du Z, Li D, Gou L, Wu H, Cao W, Wang X, Lin S, Shi T, Deng Z, Wang Z, Liang J. C-N bond formation by a polyketide synthase. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1319. [PMID: 36899013 PMCID: PMC10006239 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Assembly-line polyketide synthases (PKSs) are molecular factories that produce diverse metabolites with wide-ranging biological activities. PKSs usually work by constructing and modifying the polyketide backbone successively. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of CalA3, a chain release PKS module without an ACP domain, and its structures with amidation or hydrolysis products. The domain organization reveals a unique "∞"-shaped dimeric architecture with five connected domains. The catalytic region tightly contacts the structural region, resulting in two stabilized chambers with nearly perfect symmetry while the N-terminal docking domain is flexible. The structures of the ketosynthase (KS) domain illustrate how the conserved key residues that canonically catalyze C-C bond formation can be tweaked to mediate C-N bond formation, revealing the engineering adaptability of assembly-line polyketide synthases for the production of novel pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jikaixing Biotech Inc., Shanghai, 200131, China
| | - Xixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - LiangLiang Kong
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Zeqian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Gou
- School of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingdan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Chang J, Shen YJ, Shi T, Wang HF, Jin J, Zhu HH. Venetoclax and blinatumomab based chemotherapy-free treatment in a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:1275-1277. [PMID: 36892592 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chang
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao-Jia Shen
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Wang
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Hu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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