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Chanu MB, Chanu WK, Chingakham BS. "GC-MS profiling, sub-acute toxicity study and total phenolic and flavonoid content analysis of methanolic leaf extract of Schima wallichii (D.C.) Korth-a traditional antidiabetic medicinal plant". JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118111. [PMID: 38653394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schima wallichii (D.C.) Korth is traditionally used in Manipur, India for treatment of diabetes and hypertension. However, there is no data reported regarding safety profile of this medicinal plant upon repeated per oral administration over a period of time. AIM OF THE STUDY In the current study phytochemical profile, toxicological profile and total phenolic and flavonoid compound content of Schima wallichii leaves extract were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was performed for chemical profiling by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), Shimadzu, TQ8040 system. A 28 days sub-acute toxicity study was carried out using albino Wistar rats by administering 3 different doses (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight per oral) of methanol leaves extract. Changes in body weights were recorded weekly. Serum biochemical parameters were estimated as well as blood-cell count was done to check the effect of extract on haematopoietic system. Histopathology of vital organs viz. kidney, heart, brain, liver was performed to find any pathological indications. Since, liver is main the site for xenobiotic metabolism, estimation of the level of glutathione, catalase and lipid peroxidation were done. Further, total phenolic and flavonoid compound content estimation was performed for the leaves extract. RESULTS GC-MS revealed 14 major compounds with area percentage >1% of which quinic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)-, Octatriacontyl trifluoroacetate, are three major compounds. No mortality was observed after the treatment with extract. Blood-cell count and biochemical parameters didn't show significant deviation as compared to control group. Histopathology study of vital organs viz. (liver, kidney, heart and brain) showed normal cellular construction comparing to control group. There was no sign of membrane lipid peroxidation, depletion of catalase level and glutathione level in liver. The result demonstrates that NOAEL (no-observed-adverse-effect levels) in the sub-acute toxicity was above 800 mg/kg. The leaves extract showed significant total phenol and flavonoid content. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that Schima wallichii possessed important bioactive compounds with therapeutic values. The plant was safe for consumption after repeated high doses administration in rats and possesses significant amount of total phenol and flavonoid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maibam Beebina Chanu
- Plant Bioresources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - Wahengbam Kabita Chanu
- Plant Bioresources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - Brajakishor Singh Chingakham
- Plant Bioresources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
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Mahmoud MH, El-Gogary RI, Soliman ME, Kamel AO. Novel green-based polyglycerol polymeric nanoparticles loaded with ferulic acid: A promising approach for hepatoprotection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130698. [PMID: 38458296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In the pursuit of eco-friendly and sustainable materials, polyglycerol diacid polymers hold immense promise for drug delivery compared to those derived from fossil fuels. Harnessing this potential, we aimed to prepare nanoparticles (NPs) derived from sustainable polymers, loaded with ferulic acid (FA), a natural polyphenolic compound known for its shielding effect against liver-damaging agents, including carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Glycerol was esterified with renewable monomers, such as succinic acid, adipic acid, and/or FA, resulting in the creation of a novel class of polyglycerol diacid polymers. Characterization via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the successful synthesis of these polymers with <7 % residual monomers. FA-loaded NPs were fabricated using the newly synthesized polymers. To further augment their potential, the NPs were coated with chitosan. The chitosan-coated NPs boasted an optimal PS of 290 ± 5.03 nm, showing superior physical stability, and a commendable EE% of 58.79 ± 0.43%w/v. The cytotoxicity was examined on fibroblast cells using the SRB assay. In-vivo experiments employing a CCl4-induced liver injury model yielded compelling evidence of the heightened hepatoprotective effects conferred by chitosan-coated particles. This demonstrates the benefits of incorporating sustainable polymers into innovative composites for efficient drug delivery, indicating their potential for creating versatile platforms for various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam H Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Riham I El-Gogary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Egypt Japan University of Science and Technology, Egypt
| | - Amany O Kamel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Elbasuni SS, Taie HAA, Abdel Gawad SM, Kamar REL, El Daous H, Darweish M, Nada MO, SaadEldin WF, Abdel Haleem MI. Efficacy of dietary supplements of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) and maduramicin alone or in combination with Eimeria tenella infected chicks: A clinical study and molecular docking. Open Vet J 2024; 14:225-241. [PMID: 38633172 PMCID: PMC11018444 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coccidiosis is one of the most economically significant poultry diseases worldwide, caused by the pathogenic Eimeria species, and is characterized by decreased weight gain (WG) and failure to grow due to malabsorption, low feed conversion rate, bloody diarrhea, and dehydration. Aim This study investigated the effectiveness of licorice root extract (LRE) in controlling cecal coccidiosis to determine whether its combination with maduramicin could help alleviate the pathological, biochemical, and histopathological effects of cecal coccidiosis in Sasso broiler chicks. Methods A total of 125 one-day-old Sasso broiler chicks were categorized into five equal groups (n = 25), each consisting of five replicates (n = 5 per replicate). G1-LE received a basal diet supplemented with LRE (3 g/kg); G2-ME received a basal diet containing maduramycin (0.5 g/kg); and G3-LME received a basal diet containing LRE and maduramicin together with the same rates. G4-E (positive control) and G5-N (negative control) received no additives in their feed. Birds in groups (G1-4) were challenged on day 14 of the experiment by orally intercropping a 1 ml suspension of Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts. Results Groups of birds fed on LRE and maduramicin separately or together appeared to be in good condition where no deaths or clinical abnormalities were observed, based on the analysis of clinicopathological examination. Compared with the G4-E positive control, the dropping scoring and oocyst shedding of groups G1-LE, G2-ME, and G3-LME along the 10th-day post-challenge (dpc), as well as macroscopic and microscopic lesions scoring at the 7th dpc, was considerably lower. The dual supplementation use of LRE and maduramicin in G3-LME's reduced the harmful effects of coccidian, which appeared only as a mononuclear cellular infiltration and a small number of oocysts invading the intestinal glands. Molecular docking revealed that LRE and maduramicin interacted with E. tenella DNA polymerase, E. tenella apical membrane antigen 1, and microneme protein binding sites resulting in reduced E. tenella replication and invasion. Conclusion The inclusion of LRE and maduramicin, individually or in combination, in the diet might effectively mitigate the detrimental effects of coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan S. Elbasuni
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. A. Taie
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samah M. Abdel Gawad
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Reda E. L. Kamar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hala El Daous
- Department of Hygiene and Veterinary Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Marwa Darweish
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mai O. Nada
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Animal Health Research Institute-Benha Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Benha, Egypt
| | - Walaa F. SaadEldin
- Educational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Marwa I. Abdel Haleem
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Mondal M, Bala J, Mondal KR, Afrin S, Saha P, Saha M, Jamaddar S, Roy UK, Sarkar C. The protective effects of nerol to prevent the toxicity of carbon tetrachloride to the liver in Sprague-Dawley rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23065. [PMID: 38125544 PMCID: PMC10731234 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Carbon-tetrachloride (CCl4) is well-known to cause liver damage due to severe oxidative stress. Nerol, on the other hand, is a monoterpene that is antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anxiolytic. This study set out to determine if nerol may be used as a prophylactic measure against the oxidative stress mediated hepatic injury caused by CCl4. Materials and methods For the aim of this experiment, 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats ranging in body weight (BW) from 140 to 180 g were split into five separate groups. With the exception of vehicle control group 1, all experimental rats were subjected to carbon tetrachloride exposure through intra-peritoneal injection at a 0.7 mL/kg body weight dose once a week for 4 weeks (28 days). The treatment groups 3 and 4 received oral administration of nerol at 50 and 100 mg/kg BW for 28 days. In the same time period, the standard control group received 100 mg/kg BW silymarin. Results Serum hepatic markers, lipid profiles, albumin, globulin, bilirubin, and total protein were all substantially improved in nerol-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner that had been exposed to CCl4 compared to the only CCl4-treated group. Carbon tetrachloride-exposed rats had lower glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels and higher thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels than normal rats. In contrast, administration of nerol shown a significant augmentation in the concentrations of these antioxidant compounds, while concurrently inducing a decline in the levels of TBARS in the hepatic tissue. In a similar vein, the histo-pathological examination yielded further evidence indicating that nerol offered protection to the hepatocyte against damage generated by CCl4. Conclusion According to the findings of our investigation, nerol has potential as a functional element to shield the liver from harm brought on by ROS that are caused by CCL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milon Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Jibanananda Bala
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Protyaee Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Moumita Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmin Jamaddar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Uttam Kumar Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
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Kabil SL, Rashed HE, Mohamed NM, Elwany NE. Parthenolide repressed endometriosis induced surgically in rats: Role of PTEN/PI3Kinase/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling in inhibition of epithelial mesenchymal transition. Life Sci 2023; 331:122037. [PMID: 37633416 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway is a triggering factor for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone extract that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anticancer properties. Hence, we investigated the effect of parthenolide against EMT in the endometrial tissue implants and immortalized epithelial endometriotic cell lines 12Z. MAIN METHODS Twenty- four female Rats with surgically induced endometriosis were treated with parthenolide (2, 4 mg/kg), for 4 weeks. Endometriotic cell line 12Z was used to identify the effect of parthenolide on the wound healing, cellular migration and invasion properties of endometriotic cells. KEY FINDINGS Parthenolide decreased the endometriotic implant tissue expression of total PI3K, PI3K-p85, p-AKT, p/total AKT, p-GSK-3β, P/total GSK-3β, and nβ-catenin, as well as increased E-cadherin and decreased vimentin mRNA expression. Parthenolide upregulated PTEN immunoreactivity as well as the endometriotic tissue caspase-3, caspase-9, BAX levels while reducing Bcl2 level. Additionally, parthenolide decreased endometriotic tissue implants surface area and histopathological score of the epithelial growth. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings showed that parthenolide in a dose dependent manner inhibited PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/nβ-catenin cascade via enhancement of PTEN with subsequent inhibition of EMT evidenced by elevation of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin and reduction of mesenchymal marker, vimentin, of the endometriotic implants in addition to reversal of invasion and migration properties of epithelial endometriotic cell lines. These findings provide a valuable therapeutic approach for treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad L Kabil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Hayam E Rashed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | | | - Nisreen E Elwany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Salem BAA, ElKaliny HH, El-Hafez AAAA, Sarhan NI. Comparative Histological Study of Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells versus Mesenchymal Stem Cells Co-Cultured with Liver Tissue on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2023; 11:225-236. [PMID: 38213650 PMCID: PMC10779448 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_62_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Liver diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects, so they can be used in the treatment of liver diseases. MSCs co-cultured with diseased liver tissue improve the homing capacity, survival rate, and paracrine effects of the MSCs, as well as the ability to enhance liver function. Aims This work aimed to study the therapeutic effect of MSCs versus MSCs co-cultured with liver tissue on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Settings and Design Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups; Group I (control group), Group II received CCl4 intraperitoneally (i.p.), Group III received CCl4 i.p. and then injected with MSCs intravenously (i.v.), and Group IV received CCl4 i.p. and then injected with co-cultured MSCs i.v. Materials and Methods Finally, liver specimens were processed for light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM). Statistical analysis was carried out to assess histological scoring, area percentage of collagen fibers, number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells, and biochemical analysis of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Statistical Analysis Used Statistical analysis of (histological scoring, area % of collagen fibers, and biochemical analysis) was done by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test using graphpad software (SanDiego, CA, USA). The means ± standard deviations were used for statistical analysis. Results LM of Group II revealed loss of hepatic architecture and diffuse fibrosis with dilated congested blood vessels, bile ductular proliferation, and cellular infiltrations. Vacuolated cytoplasm with or without pyknotic nuclei was observed in addition to micro- and macro-steatosis. EM demonstrated disfigured hepatocytes with abnormal organelles surrounding atypical nucleus. Group III showed restoration of the normal liver architecture with greater extent in Group IV. Statistical analysis confirmed the microscopic findings. Conclusions Co-cultured MSCs with diseased liver tissue augmented the therapeutic effects of MSCs in treating hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in adult male albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bothina Abo-Alazm Salem
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Heba Hassan ElKaliny
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Naglaa Ibrahim Sarhan
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Khaliq H, Ke X, Keli Y, Lei Z, Jing W, Pengpeng S, Zhong J, Peng K. Morphological and Transcriptomic Analysis of the Supplemental Boron in the Liver of Ostrich Chicks. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-022-03489-9. [PMID: 36600166 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
African ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus) were divided into six groups, and each received different levels of boric acid (source of boron) in the drinking water (0, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 mg/L respectively) to examine the histological, apoptotic, biochemical, and transcriptomic parameters. Morphological analysis in different groups was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. The biochemical profile was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Detailed RNA-Seq of the data was performed using the transcriptomic method. H&E staining showed well-developed liver structure up to the 160 mg/L boric acid (BA) supplement groups, while BA doses (320 mg/L and 640 mg/L) caused changes in hepatocytes and portal triads. PAS staining showed that glycogen levels were optimal in the 80 mg/L BA dose group, but a reduction in glycogen levels was observed after this group, particularly in the 640 mg/L BA supplement group. Cellular apoptosis showed a biphasic pattern, and the BA dose above 160 mg/L enhanced cell death. In addition, serum analysis showed that doses of 80-160 mg BA were beneficial for ostrich liver. Then, the transcriptome analysis of the 80 mg dose also showed mainly positive effects on the liver. These results demonstrated that chronic BA exposure (320-640 mg) can cause significant histological, apoptotic, and biochemical changes in African ostrich liver, while the adequate dose of supplementation (particularly 80 mg BA) promotes liver growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Khaliq
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Department of Anatomy & Histology, CUVAS, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Xiao Ke
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Keli
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhixin Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wang Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sun Pengpeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Juming Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Kemei Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Khatib S, Sobeh M, Faraloni C, Bouissane L. Tanacetum species: Bridging empirical knowledge, phytochemistry, nutritional value, health benefits and clinical evidence. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1169629. [PMID: 37153781 PMCID: PMC10157496 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1169629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Tanacetum genus consists of 160 accepted flowering species thriving throughout temperate regions, mainly in the Mediterranean Basin, Northern America, and southwestern and eastern Asia. Tanacetum species bear a long-standing record of use in the folk medicine of indigenous tribes and communities worldwide, along with multitudinous applications in traditional cuisines, cosmeceuticals, and agricultural fields. Methods: Up-to-date data related to traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, toxicity and clinical trials of the genus Tanacetum were systematically reviewed from several online scientific engines, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciFinder, Wiley Online, Science Direct, and Cochrane library. Results and discussion: Over the past three decades, 241 metabolites have been isolated from nearly twenty species, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, fatty acids and alkanes, aldehydes, volatile compounds, and naphthoquinones. Some unique metabolites have also been identified, such as the ceramides tanacetamide (A-D) from T. artemisioides, pyrethrins from T. cinerariifolium, and sesquiterpene lactones from several species. However, these secondary metabolites are still poorly studied despite in vitro clues highlighting their colossal pharmacological properties, especially as hypotensive, neuroprotective, anticancer, and antimicrobial agents. Scientific studies have validated some traditional claims of the plant, such as antidiabetic, anticancer, anthelmintic, insecticide, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities, as well as against festering wounds, skin ulcers, urinary tract infections, and sexually transmitted diseases. Other ethnomedicinal uses for arthritis, gout, rheumatism, anemia, and as a litholytic, antivenom and diaphoretic have not yet been supported and would constitute the subject of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Khatib
- Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Latifa Bouissane, ; Mansour Sobeh,
| | - Cecilia Faraloni
- Institute of BioEconomy, IBE, National Research Council, Florence, Italy
| | - Latifa Bouissane
- Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Latifa Bouissane, ; Mansour Sobeh,
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Luo J, Zhang L, Fu M, Hong Y, Du X, Cheng G, Xia J, Dong H. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) supplement in beagle dogs after castration: Effects on the haematology and serum chemistry profiles, immune response, and oxidative stress status. Vet Med Sci 2022; 9:98-110. [PMID: 36583959 PMCID: PMC9857013 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Castration is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in dogs. However, based on increasing evidence, male animals experience significant pain after castration. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), one of the main bioactive components in A. membranaceus bunge, has been widely used as part of Fu-Zheng therapy to enhance natural defense mechanisms. INTRODUCTION This study was carried out to determine the effects of supplementing different doses of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS; control, 0 mg/kg; APSL, 400 mg/kg; and APSH, 800 mg/kg) for 8 weeks on the haematology and serum chemistry profiles, immune response, and oxidative stress status in weanling beagle dogs. METHODS After adapting to the experimental environment for 1 week, 18 male beagle dogs (Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, China; average initial weight, 3.80 ± 0.43 g; age, 3-month-old) were randomly allotted to diets supplemented with three doses of APS (Control, 0 mg/kg; low, 400 mg/kg; and high, 800 mg/kg), referred to as control, APSL, and APSH, respectively; six dogs were assigned to each treatment. The dogs were fed the respective diets twice daily at 08:30 and 16:30 h in sufficient quantity to supply the metabolizable energy requirements for 8 weeks. On day 43 (19 weeks old), the dogs were castrated. On days 42 (prior to castration, 19 weeks old), 50 (day 7 after castration, 20 weeks old), and 57 (day 14 after castration, 21 weeks old) to measure the haematology, blood chemistry, immune response, and oxidative stress status parameters. RESULTS Based on our findings, the APSH diet decreased weight gain and increased the feed to gain ratio in dogs (P < 0.05). At 14 days after castration, the wound was almost closed, slightly swollen, dry, and clean in the groups supplemented with APS. In addition, optimal APS supplementation was found to decrease erythrocyte count (RBC), haematocrit (HCT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, and cortisol and protein carbonyl (PC) concentrations (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and platelet (PLT) levels, interleukin 10 (IL-10) and glutathione (GSH) content, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) activities were increased in the APS supplemented groups (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that supplementing weanling beagle dogs with optimum APS could positively affect wound healing by improving their haematological profile (decreased RBC and HCT content, increased MCH and PLT levels), serum biochemical parameters (decreased ALP and ALT content), immune status (decreased CRP, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels; increased IL-10 content), and antioxidant defense (decreased cortisol and PC content; increased GSH content, and SOD1, CAT, and Se-GPx activities). However, the detailed mechanism whereby APS regulates these changes requires further investigation. In addition, the results of this study suggest that 400 mg/kg diet is the optimum APS dose for beagle dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Bo Luo
- Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencesAcademy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalSichuanChina
| | - Lei Zhang
- Animal Laboratory Center of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine SciencesChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Min Fu
- Sichuan Animal Sciences AcademyChengduChina
| | - Yang Hong
- Animal Laboratory Center of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine SciencesChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xin‐Yin Du
- Animal Laboratory Center of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine SciencesChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Qiang Cheng
- Animal Laboratory Center of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine SciencesChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jie‐Ying Xia
- Animal Laboratory Center of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine SciencesChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Han Dong
- Animal Laboratory Center of Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine SciencesChengduPeople's Republic of China
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Alamri ES, El Rabey HA, Alzahrani OR, Almutairi FM, Attia ES, Bayomy HM, Albalwi RA, Rezk SM. Enhancement of the Protective Activity of Vanillic Acid against Tetrachloro-Carbon (CCl 4) Hepatotoxicity in Male Rats by the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238308. [PMID: 36500401 PMCID: PMC9737075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the hepatoprotective activity of vanillic acid, silymarin, and vanillic acid-loaded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was tested in male rats for four weeks. Thirty male rats were divided into five groups (n = 6). The 1st group was a negative control, the 2nd group was a positive control, the 3rd group was treated with 100 mg/kg b.w. of vanillic acid, the 4th group was treated with 100 mg/kg b.w. of vanillic acid-AgNPs, and the 5th group was treated with 50 mg/kg b.w. of silymarin. The CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity in the 2nd group was revealed by the liver function and all other biochemical tests. Liver enzymes, bilirubin, lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase, and interleukin-6 were elevated, whereas, total protein, antioxidant enzymes, and irisin were decreased compared to the negative control. The hepatic tissues were also injured as a result of the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Treating the hepatotoxic rats with vanillic acid moderately protected the rats of the 3rd group, whereas treatment with vanillic AgNPs and silymarin in G4 and G5, respectively, greatly protected the rats against the CCl4 hepatotoxicity, approaching the normal biochemical levels and liver tissue appearance. The biochemical tests were confirmed by the histological investigations of liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S. Alamri
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haddad A. El Rabey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Fahad M. Almutairi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman S. Attia
- National Nutrition Institute, Ministry of Health, Cairo 4262114, Egypt
| | - Hala M. Bayomy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Renad A. Albalwi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar M. Rezk
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Mahalla Hepatology Teaching Hospital, El-Mahalla El-Kubra 4260010, Egypt
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11
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Long X, Wang P, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Ren L, Li Q, Zhao X. Preventive effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HFY15 on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Food Sci 2022; 87:2626-2639. [PMID: 35534088 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) is the main chemical causing liver damage. In this experiment, the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HFY15 treatment on CCl4 -induced acute liver injury was investigated using mice. Fifty adult mice were randomized into five study groups, each group with 10 ml kg-1 saline, 50 mg kg-1 silymarin, and 109 CFU kg-1 L. plantarum HFY15 and LDSB per day, and all the mice expect the normal group were injected 0.8% CCl4 (10 ml kg-1 ) on the 14th day. Following the 16 h induction of the liver injury, various biochemical markers were assessed for blood and liver tissue. After L. plantarum HFY15 treatment, the content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in serum decreased by 67.7%, 65.0%, 41.9%, 59.5%, and 51.5%, respectively, and the level of antioxidant enzymes (total superoxide dismutation [T-SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione [GSH]) increased by more than twofold. Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (INF-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) decreased by more than 45% in serum and live. What is more, L. plantarum HFY15 increased the expression of antiapoptosis genes Bcl-2 by eightfold, inhibiting the expression of proapoptotic genes Caspase-3 and Bax by about threefold. Lactobacillus plantarum HFY15 has obvious protective effects on CCl4 -induced liver injury by inhibiting oxidation, reducing the release of inflammatory factors, and exerting suppressive effect on apoptotic process in the CCl4 -induced liver injury. Lactobacillus plantarum HFY15 can be developed as edible lactic acid bacteria for preventing liver toxicity. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: L. plantarum HFY15 can alleviate liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride toxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Long
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Traumatology, Chongqing University Central Hospital/Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Zhou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lixuan Ren
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Micropropagation of Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) and Quantification of Parthenolide Content in Its Micropropagated and Conventionally Grown Plants. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) is a well-known multi-functional plant with anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, antiangiogenic, and anticancer effects. The therapeutic value of this plant is due to its phytochemical constitutes, especially parthenolide. Tissue culture techniques have been applied to improve the bioactive components of many herbal plants. Hence, this study, was carried out to establish a protocol for micropropagation of the feverfew plant and to quantify parthenolide content in its micropropagated and conventionally grown plants. To establish an aseptic culture, different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were investigated for seed surface sterilization. Besides, the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the callus induction, shoot organogenesis from callus and in vitro rooting were evaluated. Additionally, the parthenolide yield of the micropropagated and conventionally grown plants was determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that surface sterilization of feverfew seeds with 6% NaOCl for 15 min obtained 65.00 ± 2.69% aseptic seeds. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) resulted in 86.00 ± 1.72% callus induction. The highest number of shoots (5.00 ± 0.15) per explant was obtained in the treatment of MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/L zeatin. MS medium fortified with 3 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) produced the maximum number of roots per plantlet (8.90 ± 0.35). A total of 90% of the micropropagated plantlets survived when planted in perlite + peat moss (1:1 v/v); the micropropagated plantlets were successfully established in the ex vitro conditions. According to parthenolide analysis, its level was significantly higher in the micropropagated plants than conventionally grown plants. Among different solvents, ethanolic extraction obtained the highest parthenolide content of the feverfew plant. Hence, it can be concluded that micropropagation of feverfew could be applied to produce disease-free planting materials and to improve the parthenolide content of the feverfew plant.
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Abbasi E, Vafaei SA, Naseri N, Darini A, Azandaryani MT, Ara FK, Mirzaei F. Protective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats: Study on intestine and liver. Metabol Open 2021; 12:100151. [PMID: 34870139 PMCID: PMC8626579 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Nanoparticles could represent a therapeutic approach for the treatment of various diseases. It has been reported that cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) have potential useful effects. Therefore, we aimed to examine the protective effects of the CeO2 NPs in two models of liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis, in rats. Methods In this experimental study, male rats were randomly divided into different experimental groups including: Experiment 1; group1: healthy rats received normal saline, 2: CCl4 group, 3: CCl4 + nanoparticle. Experiment 2; group1: healthy rats received chow diet, 2: NAFLD group, 3: NAFLD + nanoparticle. The oxidative stress markers were determined in the liver and intestine. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured by ELISA. Histopathological changes of liver and intestine were evaluated by light microspore. Results Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione (GSH) levels significantly decreased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) were significantly increased in the liver, and intestine of the NAFLD and CCl4 group compared with control rats. However, the use of nanoparticles significantly normalized these markers. The levels of the TNF-α were significantly reduced in the nanoparticle group as compared with NAFLD model and CCl4-treated rats. CeO2 NPs also normalized the liver and intestinal histological changes. Conclusions Our finding revealed that CeO2 NPs has potential protective effects by increasing antioxidant activity, and reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Nima Naseri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Darini
- Department of Nanotechnology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Kian Ara
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirzaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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14
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Hepatoprotective Effects of Vernonia amygdalina (Astereaceae) Extract on CCl 4-Induced Liver Injury in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123371. [PMID: 34944148 PMCID: PMC8698013 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Since the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry feed, many studies have focused on the use of plants in poultry feed as an alternative to this ban. Currently, many plants are used to improve the growth performance and health status of poultry. Few studies are conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of these plants in poultry. The current study showed that Vernonia amygdalina extract confers a hepatoprotective effect on poultry. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract (VALE) on the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity (CCl4) in broiler chickens. A total of 360-day-old broilers were divided into 4 treatments of 90 birds each consisting of 6 replicates of 15 birds each. The treatments were birds offered 1 mL/kg BW saline (control group), 100 mg/kg BW VALE, 1 mL/kg BW CCl4 (CCl4-treated group), and 100 mg/kg BW VALE + 1 mL/kg BW CCl4 (VALE + CCl4 group). Blood samples were collected at 42 days of age and analyzed for the liver enzymes: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and selected biochemical parameters. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. The results obtained showed that VALE had the potential to mitigate the adverse effects of CCl4 on protein and lipid metabolism as reflected in the low serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which is a marker of lipid peroxidation. The aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight showed a moderate hepatoprotective effect by reducing serum AST levels (p < 0.05). The levels of serum AST, ALP, ALT, and GGT were significantly increased in CCl4-treated birds compared to the control group, reflecting carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. The VALE + CCl4 group showed a significantly higher amount of ALP compared to birds treated with carbon tetrachloride, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect. To conclude, Vernonia amygdalina aqueous extract can be used to confer protection against hepatotoxicity, which can induce severe hepatocellular damage in birds.
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15
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Morsy BM, Hamed MA, Abd-Alla HI, Aziz WM, Kamel SN. Downregulation of fibrosis and inflammatory signalling pathways in rats liver via Pulicaria crispa aerial parts ethanol extract. Biomarkers 2021; 26:665-673. [PMID: 34409912 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1970810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liver is a vital organ for the detoxification of toxic substances in the body, where fibrosis is the major cause of liver damage. Pulicaria crispa processes many therapeutic applications such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and anti-ulcerative agent. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to modulate the fibrosis and inflammatory signalling pathways in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats via treatment with Pulicaria crispa aerial parts ethanol extract (PCEE). MATERIALS AND METHODS CCl4 was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg b.wt./twice a week/six consecutive weeks, PCEE was orally allocated at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.wt./day/six weeks and silymarin was orally administrated at a dose of 100 mg/kg, b.wt/day/six weeks. The plant extract evaluation was done through measuring aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST& ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total lipids (TP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low level glycoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The liver architectures were also estimated. RESULT The phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of sterols and/or triterpenoids. Treatments with plant extract suppressed significantly (p < 0.0001) the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, TP, TG, TC, LDH-C, MDA, NO, AFP, TNF-α and IL-6, while increased (p < 0.0001) the levels of HDL-C, GSH and SOD. The histopathological features confirmed the therapeutic role of the plant extract. CONCLUSION PCEE succeeded to exert anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and anti- oxidants effects in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant M Morsy
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Manal A Hamed
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Howaida I Abd-Alla
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wessam M Aziz
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sally N Kamel
- Aaman Laboratory, Ismail Al-dorry, St., Faiyum, Egypt
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16
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Ahmad B, Ilahi I, Yousafzai AM, Attaullah M, Rahim A, Naz D, Hazrat A, Batiha GES, Nassan MA, Khalil AAK. Protective effects of Zizyphus oxyphyla on liver and kidney related serum biomarkers in (CCl4) intoxicate rabbits. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246980. [PMID: 34468522 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Zizyphus oxyphyla leaves methanolic (ZOX-LME), on serum liver, kidney and hematology along with other serum parameters in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxicated rabbits. Experimental animals were divided into five groups, six rabbits in each. These were: group NC (normal control), group, TC (toxic control) and group ST i.e. silymarine administered group at dose rate (50) mg/kg body weight (BW). Group ET1 and group ET2 treated with (ZOX-LME) at dose 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW. CCl4 administration caused significant (P> 0.05) impairment in serum liver enzymes, blood factors and other serum indices. Treatment with (ZOX-LME) significantly (P<0.05) reduced and normalized the levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hematological indices. Also significant (P< 0.05) reduction was observed in creatinine, urea, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and albumin and glucose concentrations. The altered levels of lipid profile and serum electrolytes (Ca, Mg, Cl, Na, K, and P) were significantly (P<0.05) change toward normal levels with (ZOX-LME) feeding. In addition (ZOX-LME) ingestion caused significant improvement in GSH, GST and CAT levels, while reducing the TBARS levels, exhibited antioxidant capacity. Also (ZOX-LME) showed increase inhibition against percent scavenging of 2, 2-diphenile-1-picrylehydrazyle (DPPH) free radical. Significant (P<0.05) normalizing effects were observed with high dose 400 mg/kg BW of (ZOX-LME and were equivalent to silymarine administered groups. The histological study of liver supported the hepatoprotective and renal curative activity of (ZOX-LME).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ahmad
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - I Ilahi
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A M Yousafzai
- Islamia College, Department of Zoology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Attaullah
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Rahim
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - D Naz
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Hazrat
- University of Malakand, Departments of Botany, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - G E-S Batiha
- Damanhour University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Damanhour, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - M A Nassan
- Taif University, Turabah University College, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A K Khalil
- National University of Medical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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17
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Putative abrogation impacts of Ajwa seeds on oxidative damage, liver dysfunction and associated complications in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5305-5318. [PMID: 34244886 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrial toxicants such as Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are known to disrupt the oxidative-antioxidative balance, which generates excessive amounts of free radicals leading to chronic or acute liver damage. Natural antioxidants, including Ajwa, play an important role in protecting against hepatotoxicity. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigated the prophylactic impacts of ajwa seeds aqueous extract (ASE) against hepatic oxidative injury in rats induced by CCl4. Eighty male Wistar albino rats were equally assigned to eight groups: one group receive no treatment, four groups were received CCl4-olive oil mixture [1:1(v/v)] (0.2 ml/100 g body weight (bw), intraperitoneally) two times/week for 4 weeks/rat alone or with 200 mg Vit. C/kg bw or 5 ml ASE/rat or both, and three groups received olive oil, Vit. C, or ASE. Vitamin C and ASE were orally administrated two weeks before CCl4 injection and 4 weeks concomitant with CCl4. Lipid peroxidation, lipogenesis-related genes, hepatic histopathology, Bax immunostaining and DNA fragmentation were assessed. ASE protected hepatic damage by suppressing oxidative stress and elevating activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase. ASE also regulated hepatic dyslipidemia, hepatic lipid accumulation and expression of SREBP-1 and FAS genes in CCl4-treated rats. ASE decreased apoptosis through inhibition of CCl4 induced Bax activation in hepatocytes. CONCLUSION These observations provide evidence for the hepatoprotective potential of ASE via inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and oxidative stress, suggesting being used as a natural product in attenuating CCl4 induced oxidative damage, hepatotoxicity and associated dysfunction.
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Mahmoodzadeh Y, Mahmoudi J, Gorgani-Firuzjaee S, Mohtavinejad N, Namvaran A. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on Noise Exposure-induced Oxidative Stress and Depressive- and Anxiety-like Behaviors in Adult Male Mice. Basic Clin Neurosci 2021; 12:499-510. [PMID: 35154590 PMCID: PMC8817184 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.2026.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression and anxiety are the most common psychiatric disorders. These conditions widely occur in industrial societies and severely affect individuals’ lives. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of NAC on chronic noise-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Methods: Fifty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, as follows: control, noise90 dB, noise110 dB, noise 90+NAC, and noise 110+NAC groups. Animals in the noise groups were exposed to 90 dB 2 h/day and 110 dB 2 h/day for 30 days. The NAC groups received NAC (325 mg/kg P.O.) 20 min after being exposed to noise. To evaluate depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, the examined mice were subjected to the Open Field Test (OFT), Sucrose Preference Test (SPT), Tail Suspension Test (TST), and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) tasks. At the end of the behavioral tests, the study animals were sacrificed. Accordingly, the levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the Hippocampus (HIP) and the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC). Results: The obtained results suggested that noise exposure would induce anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, being reversed by NAC administration. Moreover, chronic administration of NAC significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA levels) in the PFC and HIP of noise-exposed mice. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that administrating NAC would reduce the adverse effects of noise on the brain and would exert anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavar Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sattar Gorgani-Firuzjaee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Mohtavinejad
- Department of Radio Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Namvaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Kresnamurti A, Rakhma DN, Damayanti A, Santoso SD, Restryarto E, Hadinata W, Hamid IS. AST/ALT levels, MDA, and liver histopathology of Echinometra mathaei ethanol extract on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:511-516. [PMID: 34214304 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Echinometra mathaei was known to have potential antioxidant activities because it contains of polyhydroxy-naphthoquinone (echinochrome and spinochromes). The antioxidant properties contributed to the hepatoprotective effect by binding to free radicals compound that causes oxidative stress and necrosis in the hepatocytes. The research aimed to determine the hepatorepair effects of the E. mathaei ethanol extract on high-dose paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats. METHODS This research used a true experimental method. Thirty white male rats were divided into sixth groups, i.e., normal control group, group II-VI was induced paracetamol 2,000 mg/kg BW for three days. After paracetamol-induced, group III-VI was treated with curcumin 800 mg/kg BW, E. mathaei extract 400, 800, and 1,200 mg/kg BW for seven days. The hepatorepair parameter was obtained from AST/ALT, MDA tissue levels, and the number of hepatocyte necrosis cells. The data results were analyzed using the ANOVA test, followed by the LSD test to determine the difference between each treatment. RESULTS The results showed that E. mathaei significantly (p<0.05) decreased the AST levels, MDA levels and the number of hepatocyte necrosis cells at a dose of 800 mg/kg BW per orally treatment. CONCLUSIONS The E. mathaei ethanol extract repaired the hepatic damage induced by paracetamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Kresnamurti
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dita Nurlita Rakhma
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Amitasari Damayanti
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Septiyan Dwi Santoso
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Enggar Restryarto
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Wifqi Hadinata
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Iwan Sahrial Hamid
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Dewi IP, Kwintana RB, Ulinnuha JU, Rachman F, Christianty FM, Holidah D. Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum Linn.) leaves. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:533-540. [PMID: 34214375 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The sugarcane leaf is rich inphytochemical content. It is rarely used because it is a waste although it has potential activity as antimutation, anti inflammation, and antioxidation. There is no study about its hepatoprotective activity yet. This study was conducted to determine the hepatoprotection of sugarcane leaves in tested animals with liver acute injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). METHODS Twenty-four Wistar strain rats were divided into three groups of experimental animals (dose 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg) and three control groups (normal, positive, and negative). The ethanol extract of sugarcane leaves obtained from Panti, Jember, was made using the maceration method. The animals were treated for 14 days by giving the extract to the treatment group. One hour after treatment on the last day, the test animals were given CCl4 intraperitoneally except for the normal group. On the 15th day, the blood of the test animal was taken to be tested for the biochemical value of the liver (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin) and examined for its liver to be made histological preparations. RESULTS The results showed that the treatment with a dose of 500 mg/kg was able to decrease AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin parameters compared to the negative control. The extract also provided improvements in liver tissue histology compared to the negative control. CONCLUSIONS Sugarcane leaf ethanol extract (SCLE) has a potential hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ika P Dewi
- Preclinical Pharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Rifdah B Kwintana
- Preclinical Pharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Jihan U Ulinnuha
- Preclinical Pharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Fadhillah Rachman
- Preclinical Pharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Fransiska M Christianty
- Preclinical Pharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Diana Holidah
- Preclinical Pharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
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21
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Touiss I, Ouahhoud S, Harnafi M, Khatib S, Bekkouch O, Amrani S, Harnafi H. Toxicological Evaluation and Hepatoprotective Efficacy of Rosmarinic Acid-Rich Extract from Ocimum basilicum L. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6676998. [PMID: 33603821 PMCID: PMC7870305 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induces acute and chronic liver injuries as well as oxidative stress in rats. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vivo toxicity of rosmarinic acid-rich extract from Ocimum basilicum (RAE). The acute and subchronic oral toxicity of RAE was evaluated in Albinos mice. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the administration of CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rats. The hepatoprotective effect of RAE on aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, plasmatic glucose, urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde was determined in CCl4-intoxicated rat. The extract did not produce treatment-related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during acute as well as subchronic toxicity studies. The administration of CCl4 resulted in marked increase in plasma hepatic enzymes (p < 0.001) and significant decrease of total protein (p < 0.001) and albumin (p < 0.001) when compared to normal. The RAE at 200 mg/kg body weight lowered significantly (p < 0.001) plasma enzyme activities of liver, which is designation of hepatoprotective action of extract. The phenolic extract exerts a significant increase in total protein (p < 0.001), and albumin (p < 0.001), accompanied with a marked reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde (p < 0.001), as compared to CCl4-treated group. Our study suggests that RAE may be used as a hepatoprotective agent against toxic effects caused by CCl4 and other chemical agents in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Touiss
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sabir Ouahhoud
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Harnafi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Saloua Khatib
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Oussama Bekkouch
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Souliman Amrani
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hicham Harnafi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
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22
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El Rabey HA, Rezk SM, Sakran MI, Mohammed GM, Bahattab O, Balgoon MJ, Elbakry MA, Bakry N. Green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin protect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in albino male rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:19. [PMID: 33413326 PMCID: PMC7792057 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last few decades, patients worldwide have been interested in using alternative medicine in treating diseases to avoid the increased side effects of chemical medications. Green coffee is unroasted coffee seeds that have higher amounts of chlorogenic acid compared to roasted coffee. Green coffee was successfully used to protect against obesity, Alzheimer disease, high blood pressure and bacterial infection. METHODS This study aimed to investigate the probable protective activity of the green coffee methanolic extract, silymarin and their combination on CCl4-induced liver toxicity in male rats. Thirty Sprague - Dawley male albino rats were divided into 5 groups; control negative (G1) just got the vehicle (olive oil) and the other four groups received CCl4 dissolved in olive oil through an intraperitoneal injection and were divided into untreated control positive group (G2), the third group (G3) was treated with green coffee methanolic extract, the fourth group (G4) was treated with silymarin, and the fifth group (G5) was treated with a combination of green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin. RESULTS In the positive control group treated with CCl4 (G2), the CCl4-induced toxicity increased lipid peroxidation, IL-6, kidney function parameters, liver function enzymes, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins, and decreased irisin, antioxidants, CYP450 and high-density lipoprotein levels. Hepatic tissues were also injured. However, treating the injured rats in G3, G4 and G5 significantly improved the altered parameters and hepatic tissues. CONCLUSIONS Green coffee methanolic extract, silymarin, and their combination succeeded in protecting the male rats against CCl4 hepatotoxicity due to their antioxidant activity. Effect of green coffee methanolic extract mixed with silymarin in G5 was more efficient than that of green coffee methanolic extract in G3 or silymarin in G4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haddad A El Rabey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. .,Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.
| | - Samar M Rezk
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Mahalla Hepatology Teaching Hospital, Gharbyia, El-Mahalla El-Kubra, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Sakran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Biochemistry section, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ghena M Mohammed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha J Balgoon
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Elbakry
- Biochemistry section, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nadia Bakry
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cord Blood Unit, Mansoura University Children Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt
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23
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Ogbonna Okoro C, Aloke C, Ibiam UA, Obasi NA, Orji OU, Ogbonnia EC, Ogbu PN, Emelike CU, Ufebe GO, Nwamaka Ezeani N. Studies on Ethanol Extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:724-732. [PMID: 34486349 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.724.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Liver disease orchestrated by noxious chemicals are serious health problems the world over. Traditionally, there are claims that ethanol extracts of leaves and stem barks of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i> are used in the treatment of hepatic disorders. Thus, it investigated the impacts of ethanol extract of leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i> against carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>)-induced liver damage in rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Liver toxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt., of CCl<sub>4</sub> in experimental rats. Rats were treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg kg<sup>1</sup> dose ethanol leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i>, respectively after induction of liver damage. <b>Results:</b> Obtained results showed a significant rise in the serum levels of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and bilirubin as well as decreased Albumin (ALB), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), reduced Glutathione (GSH) in CCl<sub>4</sub>-challenged rats. Treatment with the extracts attenuated serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, MDA and bilirubin in addition to increased activities of SOD, CAT and the levels of ALB and GSH when compared to the CCl<sub>4</sub> group. Histopathological studies demonstrated that the extracts ameliorated liver necrosis and inflammation due to CCl<sub>4</sub> insult. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results concluded that ethanol extract of leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea </i>may reduce hepatic oxidative injury caused by CCl<sub>4</sub> by its antioxidant potentials.
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24
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Menakh M, Boutellaa S, Mahdi D, Zellagui A, Lahouel M, Ozturk M. Hepatoprotective effects of Hertia cheirifolia butanolic extract and selenium against CCl 4-induced toxicity in rats. JOURNAL OF REPORTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_25_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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El-Hawary SS, El-Fitiany RA, Mousa OM, Salama AAA, El Gedaily RA. Metabolic profiling and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of Malpighia glabra L. leaves. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13588. [PMID: 33349967 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although Malpighia glabra Linn. fruits are well studied for their nutritional and medicinal prominence; little attention has been given to the leaves. Our study intends to investigate the leaves metabolic profile using Q-TOF LC/MS/MS (Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight-Liquid-Chromatography-Mass-Spectrometry), and to explore their in vivo hepatoprotective activity in rats using CCL4 -induced hepatic damage model and silymarin as standard. Fifty metabolites were characterized, belonging to different classes; coumarins (capensine, daphnoretin, and scopoletin), flavonoids (mainly quercetin and apigenin glycosides), phenolic acids (cinnamic acid and quinic acid derivatives) and amino acids (adenosine, homoisoleucine, and phenylalanine).These compounds are detected in the leaves for the first time. The hepatoprotective activity at three doses (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) was investigated. The dose of 800 mg/Kg showed the highest hepatoprotective effect as it reduced the elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, NO, and TNF-α liver content by 26, 24, 23, and 42%, respectively, it also remarkably increased the serum level of catalase by 102%. All the tested doses showed higher reduction in serum level of TNF-α compared to silymarin which suggests their strong anti-inflammatory potential. M. glabra leaves are revealed to be a rich source of secondary metabolites and proved to possess significant hepatoprotective potential. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The performed analyses in this study shows the richness of Malpighia glabra Linn. leaves in a plethora of beneficial and safe phytochemicals which are well-known to have a pivotal role in protection against different diseases including liver disorders. The carried-out investigations were done using Q-TOF LC/MS/MS analysis which is a reliable technique for the determination, characterization and identification of bioactive metabolites; in addition to evaluation of the hepatoprotective effect of the leaves. Therefore, this study may emphasize that Malpighia glabra Linn. leaves may have the same nutritional and medicinal importance as its fruits, and they could be incorporated into pharmaceuticals and foods instead of discarding them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham S El-Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rana Ahmed El-Fitiany
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Mohamed Mousa
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Rania A El Gedaily
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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26
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Paul A, Shakya A, Zaman MK. Assessment of acute and sub-chronic neurotoxicity of Morus alba L. fruits in rodents. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Morus alba L. fruits are consumed since long for their nutritional and medicinal values. Although there were studies on the neuroprotective activity of the fruit extract, safety profile of the fruit extract is not yet explored as per the recommended standard guidelines over the central nervous system (CNS). The present work was aimed to assess the neurotoxicity profile of chemically characterized extract of M. alba L. fruits (MA) using validated OECD guidelines, i.e., 425 and 424 in rodents.
Results
Neurobehavioural parameters were examined for motor, sensory and behavioural responses using actophotometer, hot plate and light and dark box test, respectively as per OECD 424. Interestingly, no sign of mortality and/or adversity on mice treated per-orally with MA (2000 mg/kg) was observed during the limit test as per OECD 425. Further, rats treated with MA (1000, 300 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days, showed insignificant (p < 0.05) changes in body weight, food consumption, neurobehavioural responses, organ weights and biochemical, haematological and histopathological features when compared with vehicle-treated animals.
Conclusion
The outcome of findings suggests that MA is safe in acute oral as well as sub-chronic (28 days) administration in mice and rats respectively. MA (1000 mg/kg) did not pose any toxic sign and symptoms on neurobehavioural responses in rats even after 28 days repeated treatment in compliance with OECD 424.
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27
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Meligi NM, Ismail SA, Tawfik NS. Protective effects of honey and bee venom against lipopolysaccharide and carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatoxicity and lipid peroxidation in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:693-705. [PMID: 33178430 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the protective effects of honey and bee venom (BV) either independently or in combination against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatoxicity, lipid peroxidation, and hematological alterations in male albino rats were investigated. In addition, histopathological alterations of hepatic tissues induced by LPS/CCL4 were recorded. Sixty-four of male albino rats of average weight 120-150 g were included in this study. Rats were divided into eight equal groups of eight. The obtained results demonstrated that treatment with LPS/CCl4 caused an increase in the levels of alpha-fetoprotein, which was accompanied by changes in the hepatic function biomarkers that characterized by the increased levels of transaminases (AST, ALT). The results showed oxidative stress as assigned by the increase in lipid peroxide. Meantime detraction in the antioxidants, including glutathione peroxidase was observed. Interruptions in biochemical parameters accompanied by disturbances in hematological parameters and liver histopathology were resulted due to exposure to LPS/CCl4. This study showed the use of honey and BV provided a protective effect on hepatotoxicity induced by LPS/CCl4. This might have been occurred through the reduction of hepatic transaminases and the "Alpha-fetoprotein" in serum and the equilibration of the antioxidation system, thereby, inhibiting the reactive oxygen species accumulation. Honey and BV administration reestablish disturbed hematological parameters and liver histopathology persuaded by LPS/CCl4. More interesting, we demonstrated that using a combination of the honey and BV showed promising enhancement in their protective effects over the use of just one of the two reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Meligi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519, Minia, Egypt
| | - Suzan Alaa Ismail
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nagy S Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519, Minia, Egypt
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28
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Asgharzadeh F, Hosseini M, Bargi R, Beheshti F, Rakhshandeh H, Mansouri S, Aghaei A, Sadeghnia HR, Anaeigoudari A. Effects of Hydro-ethanolic Extract of Tanacetum parthenium and its N-Butanol and Aqueous Fractions on Brain Oxidative Damage in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahimeh Bargi
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Somaye Mansouri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azita Aghaei
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
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Mazani M, Ojarudi M, Banaei S, Salimnejad R, Latifi M, Azizi H, Rezagholizadeh L. The protective effect of cinnamon and ginger hydro-alcoholic extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced testicular damage in rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13651. [PMID: 32453896 DOI: 10.1111/and.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dysfunction of men is one of the most serious problems in human society. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of cinnamon and ginger extract on testicular damages induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6): 1. Normal control; 2. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4); 3. CCl4 + Cinnamon; 4. CCl4 + Ginger; 5. CCl4 + Cinnamon and Ginger; and 6. Cinnamon + Ginger. CCl4 (1 ml/kg) was injected intraperitoneally on the 14th day, and cinnamon (50 mg/kg, orally) and ginger (250 mg/kg, orally) were administered daily for 14 days. Fifty hours after the CCl4 injection, the testicles and epididymis were separated and examined as to histological alterations and oxidative stress markers. CCl4 significantly increased malondialdehyde level and decreased total antioxidant capacity when compared to the normal control group (p < .05). In addition, degenerative alterations in the testicular and epididymal tissue were observed in CCl4 group. The pre-treatment with ginger and cinnamon extract significantly improved these parameters when compared to the CCl4 group (p < .05). The results of this study indicated that co-treatment of ginger and cinnamon reduces the damages induced by CCl4 in testicular tissue by increasing antioxidant capacity and reducing lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mazani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoud Ojarudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokofeh Banaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ramin Salimnejad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Milad Latifi
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hanieh Azizi
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Lotfollah Rezagholizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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30
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Antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of Gardenia gummifera L.f. fruit methanol extract. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Gardenia gummifera L.f. (Family: Rubeacea) is used in indigenous system of medicine to cure many diseases. To authenticate the traditional medicinal claim investigation has been under taken to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of Gardenia gummifera L.f. fruit methanol extract (GFME).
Method
GFME was evaluated using various antioxidant assays, including DPPH and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. The protective effects of GFME were studied in carbon tetrachloride reduced biochemical markers of hepatic injury such as serum glutamyl oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamyl pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), total bilirubin (TB) and direct bilirubin (DB) and in silico studies were carried out to screen the GFME phytocompounds.
Results
The extract showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH and Nitric oxide radical scavenging with IC50 value of 131.11 and 175.95 respectively. Quantitative phytochemical assay determines the presence of alkaloids 69.1 μg/1 mg and phenolics 76.5 μg/1 mg. GC-MS analysis of aromatic extract resulted in 36 compounds. Among them, compounds 2, 3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4 h-pyran-4-one, 2-furancarboxaldehyde 5-(hydroxymethyl) and Quinic acid are the major ones. The fruit methanol extract showed significant in vivo hepatoprotective activity by altering the levels of liver function biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP, TP, TB and DB. Histology of the liver section also confirms the hepatoprotective activity of GFME. Molecular docking of GC-MS profiled phytocompounds with the target protein TGF-β1and PPARα also confirmed the therapeutic effect with good hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.
Conclusion
Thus the present study clearly strengthened the traditional medicinal claim of the plant Gardenia gummifera L.f. possessing the hepatoprotective drug.
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Munakarmi S, Chand L, Shin HB, Jang KY, Jeong YJ. Indole-3-Carbinol Derivative DIM Mitigates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response, Apoptosis and Regulating Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2048. [PMID: 32192079 PMCID: PMC7139345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a metabolic product of indole-3-carbinol extracted from cruciferous vegetables exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Earlier, the product has been demonstrated to possess anti-fibrotic properties; however, its protective effects on liver injury have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we postulated the effects and molecular mechanisms of action of DIM on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in mice. Acute liver injury was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 (1 ml/kg) into mice. DIM was injected via subcutaneous route for three days at various doses (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) before CCl4 injection. Mice were sacrificed and serum was collected for quantification of serum transaminases. The liver was collected and weighed. Treatment with DIM significantly reduced serum transaminases levels (AST and ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CCl4- induced apoptosis was inhibited by DIM treatment by the reduction in the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl2 associated X protein (Bax). DIM treated mice significantly restored Cytochrome P450 2E1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in CCl4 treated mice. In addition, DIM downregulated overexpression of hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibited CCl4 mediated apoptosis. Our results suggest that the protective effects of DIM against CCl4- induced liver injury are due to the inhibition of ROS, reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvesh Munakarmi
- Laboratory of Liver Regeneration, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Lokendra Chand
- Laboratory of Liver Regeneration, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Hyun Beak Shin
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Yeon Jun Jeong
- Laboratory of Liver Regeneration, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.M.); (L.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
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Anyasor GN, Moses N, Kale O. Hepatoprotective and hematological effects of Justicia secunda Vahl leaves on carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2020; 95:349-359. [PMID: 31969022 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1700430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Justicia secunda Vahl is an exotic plant that is used to treat medical problems. We investigated the hepatoprotective and hematological effects of aqueous extracts of J. secunda leaves on carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity in rats. Leaf extracts were prepared using hot and cold extraction methods to obtain a hot extract of J. secunda leaves (JSHAE) and a cold extract of J. secunda leaves (JSCAE). Total phenol and flavonoid measurements and antioxidant assays were performed to determine the extract with the greater antioxidant activity. JSHAE was the more effective extract for treatment of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats. Silymarin was used as a standard for comparison. We found that JSHAE contained more total phenol and flavonoid than JSCAE. JSHAE exhibited significantly greater ferric reducing antioxidant power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl and thiobarbituric acid scavenging activity than JSCAE. We also found that in vivo, 100 and 200 mg/kg JSHAE significantly reduced plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin levels following CCl4 induced toxicity compared to untreated rats. JSHAE treated animals exhibited white blood cell, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet and procalcitonin levels that were comparable to control animals. Liver sections of rats treated with 200 mg/kg. JSHAE exhibited no abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godswill Nduka Anyasor
- Department of Biochemistry, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Babcock University, Nigeria, PMB 21244 Ikeja
| | - Nwobi Moses
- Department of Biochemistry, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Babcock University, Nigeria, PMB 21244 Ikeja
| | - Oluwafemi Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Babcock University, Nigeria, PMB 21244 Ikeja
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Li F, Lu DY, Zhong Q, Tan F, Li W, Liao W, Zhao X. Lactobacillus fermentum HFY06 reduced CCl4-induced hepatic damage in Kunming mice. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1-9. [PMID: 35492553 PMCID: PMC9048285 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08789c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the preventative effect of Lactobacillus fermentum HFY06 on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in Kunming mice. Mice were treated with HFY06, then liver damage was induced using CCl4. Evaluation indicators included the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum; cytokines levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum; and related gene expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), and catalase (CAT). Liver tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin for pathological analysis. Compared with the model group, HFY06 reduced the liver index, increased the serum SOD and GSH-Px activities, and reduced the AST, TG, and MDA activities in the mice. Inflammation-related IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels were also reduced after treatment with a high dose of HFY06. Pathological observation showed that CCl4 damaged the mouse livers, which were significantly improved after treatment with silymarin and HFY06. qPCR also confirmed that the high dose of HFY06 (109 colony-forming units [CFU] per kg per day) upregulated the mRNA expression of the antioxidant genes, Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and CAT, in the liver tissue and downregulated the mRNA expression of the inflammatory factors, NF-κB, TNF-α and COX-2, but HFY06 was less effective than silymarin. These findings indicate that HFY06 prevented CCl4-induced liver damage in vivo but was less effective than silymarin. Thus, HFY06 may have a potential role in treating liver diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the preventative effect of Lactobacillus fermentum HFY06 on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in Kunming mice.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food
- Chongqing University of Education
- Chongqing 400067
- P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food
| | - De-Yun Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Chengdu First People's Hospital
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Qiu Zhong
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food
- Chongqing University of Education
- Chongqing 400067
- P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Public Health
- Our Lady of Fatima University
- Valenzuela 838
- Philippines
| | - Wenfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Yangtze Normal University
- Chongqing 408100
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Liao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food
- Chongqing University of Education
- Chongqing 400067
- P. R. China
- Department of Public Health
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food
- Chongqing University of Education
- Chongqing 400067
- P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food
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Huo X, Meng X, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Hepatoprotective effect of different combinations of 18α-and 18β-Glycyrrhizic acid against CCl 4-induced liver injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 122:109354. [PMID: 31918260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the optimal compatibility proportion of 18α-Glycyrrhizic acid (18α-GA) and 18β-Glycyrrhizic acid (18β-GA) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in rats, and further explored the underlying mechanism. Rats were injected with CCl4 (0.1%, 0.3 ml/kg) once a week and were orally administrated with different proportions of 18α-, and 18β-GA daily for 4 weeks. Rats were then sacrificed and blood samples were collected for biochemical assay. Liver tissues were assessed histologically for severity of liver injury. Enzyme activities in liver homogenate were determined using commercial kits. The mRNA levels of associated proteins were evaluated by RT-PCR. The data showed that the combination of 18α-, and 18β-GA, especially at proportion of 4:6, obviously alleviated CCl4-induced liver injury as evidenced by the improvement of liver histopathological changes, and decreased levels of ALT and AST in serum. Moreover, 18α- and 18β-GA at all proportions substantially improved glucose tolerance, and markedly reversed the decrease of SOD, MDA, and GSH, and increase of lipid markers (TG, TC, HDL, LDL) induced by CCl4 via regulating the mRNA levels of SREBP-1c, ACC, PPAR-α, and CPT-1a. Collectively, these results suggested that 18α-GA in combination with 18β-GA, especially at proportion of 4:6, effectively reduced liver injury induced by CCl4, comparable to the positive control silibinin, and the mechanism may be associated with reduced marker of liver oxidative stress and improvement of lipid metabolism via regulation of ACC, CTP-1A, PPARα, and SREBP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Huo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Phenolic Constituents of Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. Leaf Down-Regulate TGF- β Expression and Ameliorate CCl 4-Induced Liver Fibrosis: Evidence from In Vivo and In Silico Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120646. [PMID: 31847463 PMCID: PMC6943707 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hepatic diseases globally and in Egypt particularly necessitates an intensive search for natural hepatoprotective candidates. Despite the traditional use of Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. and C. cainito L. leaves in the treatment of certain ailments, evidence-based reports on their bioactivities are limited. In this work, in vivo and in silico studies were conducted to evaluate their methanol extracts potential to alleviate liver damage in CCl4-intoxicated rats, in addition to their antioxidant activity and identifying the molecular mechanisms of their phenolic constituents. The extracts restored the altered total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), alanine aminotransferase ALT, aspartate aminotransferase AST, total protein, and albumin. Histopathological architecture, DNA fragmentation, and mRNA expression level of TGF-β1 also confirmed the anti-fibrotic activity of the two extracts. The total phenolic content (TPC) in C. oliviforme ethanol extract exceeded that in C. caimito. Additionally, the malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels assured the antioxidant potential. Seven phenolics; quercetin, isoquercitrin, myricetin, kaempferol, and caffeic, trans-ferulic, and gallic acids were isolated from the ethanol extract of C. oliviforme. The molecular docking of isolated compounds revealed a low binding energy (kcal/mol with TGF-β1, thus confirming the hepatoprotctive activity of the extracts. In conclusion, the C. oliviforme leaves could be considered as potent safe raw material for the production of herbal formulations to alleviate hepatic toxicity after preclinical safety study.
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Ben Hsouna A, Gargouri M, Dhifi W, Saibi W. Antioxidant and hepato-preventive effect of Citrus aurantium extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and characterisation of its bioactive compounds by HPLC-MS. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:332-343. [PMID: 29663826 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1461233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore the preventive effects of ethyl acetate fraction from Citrus aurantium leaf extract (EACA), associated with its phytochemical content, against the toxic impacts of acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the liver of adult rats. HPLC analysis of ethyl acetate fraction from extract C. aurantium revealed eight compounds. Administration of a single dose of CCl4 caused hepatoxicity as monitored by an increase in lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and in protein carbonyl level but a decrease in antioxidant markers in the liver tissue. The pre-treatment with EACA; significantly prevented the increased plasma levels of hepatic markers and lipid levels induced by CCl4 in rats. Furthermore, this fraction ameliorated biochemical and histological parameters as compared to CCl4-treated group. Our results suggest that C. aurantium contains promising substances to counteract the CCl4 intoxication and can be efficient in the prevention of hepatotoxicity complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ben Hsouna
- a Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Manel Gargouri
- b Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Wissal Dhifi
- c Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources (BVBGR), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Walid Saibi
- a Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
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Lu C, Li X, Liang X, Zhang X, Yin T, Gou J, He H, Zhang Y, Tang X. Liver Targeting Albumin-Coated Silybin-Phospholipid Particles Prepared by Nab™ Technology for Improving Treatment Effect of Acute Liver Damage in Intravenous Administration. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:293. [PMID: 31432294 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel human serum albumin nanoparticle loading silybin-phospholipid complex (SLNPs) was developed for liver targeting after intravenous administration. The preparation of the drug delivery system consisted of two steps; initially, a silybin-phospholipid complex (SLC) was produced to improve the lipophilicity of SLB to then achieve enhanced encapsulation of SLB in albumin nanoparticles. FT-IR and XRD analysis confirmed the successful formation of SLC. The complex ratio of SLC in the first step was 99.6%. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of SLNPs in the second step were 96.2% and 5.6%, respectively. SLNPs were spherical and well-dispersed, with a zeta potential of approximately - 10 mV, and a mean particle size around 200 nm. An in vivo tissue distribution experiment and a pharmacodynamic experiment showed that, compared with SLB solution, SLNPs had an improved SLB accumulation in the liver. The hepatoprotective effect of SLNPs on CCl4-induced acute liver damage was evaluated. CCl4-damaged mice showed an increased enzymatic activity of ALT and AST; however, enzyme levels returned to near-normal levels in high-dose SLNP-treated mice. As SLNPs combine the enhanced oil solubility of SLC and the passive targeting of albumin nanoparticles, they possess great potential for the treatment of acute liver damage.
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Baradaran A, Samadi F, Ramezanpour SS, Yousefdoust S. Hepatoprotective effects of silymarin on CCl 4-induced hepatic damage in broiler chickens model. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:788-794. [PMID: 31440455 PMCID: PMC6698800 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of silymarin on CCl4-induced oxidative stress in broiler chickens model. A total of 240 day-old broilers were divided into 4 equal groups (n = 60) composed of a control group (receiving 1 mL/Kg BW saline) and 3 groups treated with silymarin (receiving 100 mg/Kg BW silymarin), CCl4 (receiving 1 mL/Kg BW CCl4), and combination of silymarin + CCl4. Results indicated that silymarin has potential to mitigate the deleterious effects of CCl4 on protein and lipid metabolism. The protective activity of silymarin against CCl4-mediated lipid peroxidation was demonstrated by the lower serum content of MDA, as lipid peroxidation marker. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was demonstrated by the elevation of serum contents of ALP, AST, ALT, and GGT enzymes, whereas silymarin decreased serum activity of ALP and AST hepatic enzymes. The CCl4-challenged birds revealed considerable hepatic injures characterized by moderate to severe hepatocellular degeneration around the portal vein, aggregation of inflammatory cells, granulomatosis, cytolytic necrosis, periportal space fibrosis, and sinusoidal dilatation. However, liver damages were amended by the silymarin. In line with molecular study, a remarkable down-regulation was detected in the expression of CAT, GPx, and Mn-SOD hepatic genes in CCl4-challenged birds, whereas silymarin significantly up-regulated aforementioned genes. In general, current study showed that silymarin has potential to alleviate the adverse effects of oxidative stress in poultry farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baradaran
- Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - F Samadi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S S Ramezanpour
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S Yousefdoust
- Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Yan Y, Jun C, Lu Y, Jiangmei S. Combination of metformin and luteolin synergistically protects carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity: Mechanism involves antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Biofactors 2019; 45:598-606. [PMID: 31336028 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases are one of the fatal disorders due to the vital role of the liver. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) is the most perceived chemical substance utilized in developing models of hepatic damage. Metformin (Met) is a potent antidiabetic and redox modulatory agent that has shown anticancer and protective effects on various organs. Therefore, addition of therapy with natural antioxidative agents or herbal extracts shows defensive impacts against different injuries inside the body. Luteolin (Lut) can be found in several customary Chinese remedies. It has been reported for various pharmacological actions such as antitumor, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory impacts. Here, the liver injury rat model was established using CCl4 (1.00 mL/kg body weight) in vivo. The protective roles of Met and Lut separately or in combination were observed in hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 . The result was shown that both Met and Lut, while individually used, were normally active in diminishing CCl4 -caused hepatotoxicity. The combination of two drugs performed synergistically to improve liver damage caused by CCl4 , as shown by the considerably improved liver dysfunction. Met and Lut showed highly antioxidative effects on CCl4 -treated rats moderately by increasing the activities and expression of the antioxidant enzymes. Along with this, a combination of Met and Lut significantly suppressed inflammatory responses, which is evidenced by the reduced level of inflammatory cytokines together with interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Additionally, CCl4 -agitated apoptosis was intensely reduced by Met and Lut through reducing cleaved caspase-3 and Bax (pro-apoptotic factor) while increasing Bcl-2 (antiapoptotic factor) signaling pathways. Cotreatments of Met and Lut upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in the CCl4 -intoxicated rat's liver. The above result recommended that combination of Met and Lut may have a substantial potential and synergizing impact against CCl4 -induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yan
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Jun
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Song Jiangmei
- Department of Internal Medicine, CAS Cancer Hospital, Hefei, China
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Zhang H, Jacob JA, Jiang Z, Xu S, Sun K, Zhong Z, Varadharaju N, Shanmugam A. Hepatoprotective effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Rhizophora apiculata. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3517-3524. [PMID: 31190808 PMCID: PMC6535432 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s198895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver plays a vital role in the elimination of xenobiotics that can induce hepatotoxicity in living organisms.Silver nanoparticles have evolved recently as an alternative in various industries and are used for their biomedical applications.Rhizophora apiculata is a least studied mangrove-based plant that has been used in the traditional medicine of Southeast Asia for its healing properties. It is a well-known fact that the generation of free radicals has been associated with oxidative stress. Methods: Hence, in this study we used carbon tetrachloride as a hepatotoxin to induce liver damage. The protective effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Rhizophora apiculata on hepatotoxin-induced liver damage in experimental mice were assessed. Results: The results of the assessment indicate that silver nanoparticles were effective in protecting the liver from damages induced by carbon tetrachloride. Conclusion: Among existing literature, this is the first ever approach for hepatoprotective effect of nanoparticles derived using plant extract from mangrove ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Joe Antony Jacob
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ziyu Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Senlei Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehao Zhong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Nithya Varadharaju
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Achiraman Shanmugam
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kalantari A, Salimi A, Kalantari H, Ebrahimi Broojeni J, Rashidi I, Raesi Vanani A, Bácskay I. The hepatoprotective effect of livergol microemulsion preparation (nanoparticle) against bromobenzene induced toxicity in mice. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:444-448. [PMID: 31193476 PMCID: PMC6529715 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Livergol (LG), which is the extract of Silybum marianum and commonly known as milk thistle possess hepatoprotective effect. Orally administered LG significantly suppresses Bromobenzene (BB)-induced increases in serum activity of enzymes AST, ALT, ALP. Treatment with LG has improved hepatic damages due to BB severe degeneration and vacuolation of hepatocytes. Based on the results the efficacy of LG in MEs showed better drug solubility and permeability which lead to improve drug absorption among different biological membranes. The hepatoprotective effect of this formulation against BB toxicity has been conducted through the control release, high diffusion and absorption rates and improve and increase in oral bioavailability of active pharmaceutical agents.
Livergol (LG), which is the extract of Silybum marianum and commonly known as milk thistle possess hepatoprotective effect and have got licensed for sale in Iran and other countries. LG was evaluated for its capacity to counteract the toxic effects of bromobenzene (BB) on mouse liver. The bioactive component of this plant is known to reinforce naturally occurring liver function through antioxidant activity, the stimulation of bile production and regeneration by the liver organ, resulting in enhanced protection against toxicants, hepatitis, and cirrhosis. The major bioactive components of this product are the flavonolignan ssilibinin, silidianin, silicristin, and isosilibinin. Mice were treated for 10 days with daily gavage of microemulsions (MEs), into which 0–400 mg/kg LG was dispersed. 0.36 ml/kg BB was injected intraperitoneally (ip) to each animal on day 10, followed by sacrifice on day 11, and histological evaluation of hematoxylin-eosin (HE)‐stained liver tissue samples, afterwards followed by evaluation liver enzymes level, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. Significant suppression of BB-mediated damage to liver tissue, and increased in AST, ALT, and ALP level was observed to occur dose-responsively with LG administration, suggesting a use for LG as a chemoprotectant for persons chronically exposed to industrial solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Kalantari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jalal Ebrahimi Broojeni
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Iran Rashidi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Raesi Vanani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
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Oke GO, Abiodun AA, Imafidon CE, Monsi BF. Zingiber officinale (Roscoe) mitigates CCl 4-induced liver histopathology and biochemical derangements through antioxidant, membrane-stabilizing and tissue-regenerating potentials. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:416-425. [PMID: 31193041 PMCID: PMC6514439 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CCl4 induced degeneration of reticular fibre and increased collagen fibre deposition. MEZOR treatment restored liver function and antioxidant homeostasis. MEZOR’s pharmacological activities are conferred by inherent phytochemicals. MEZOR acts via antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and tissue regenerative mechanisms.
The world-wide increasing incidence of liver injury has attracted scientific interest in the exploration of better treatment or adjuvant treatment therapies. This study investigated the effects of methanol extract of Zingiber officinale (Roscoe) rhizome (MEZOR) in a Wistar rat model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. The study recruited thirty female Wistar rats that received graded doses of MEZOR (determined by its LD50) by oral gavage through an oral canula, for 4 consecutive weeks following 1 week oral administration of CCl4 (0.7 ml/kg in olive oil; 1:1, v/v) while livolin forte® (5.2 mg/kg p.o.) was used as a standard. CCl4 induced deleterious hepatic effects as revealed by the liver function biomarkers (AST, ALT, ALP and total protein), antioxidant indicators (GSH and CAT) and histopathological effects, demonstrated by H & E, Gordon and Sweet, Masson’s trichrome, PAS staining techniques as well as by quantificational analyses of the liver micrographs, using image–J. MEZOR treatment was associated with a dose-dependent and significant mitigation of the aforementioned parameters (p < 0.05). This study concluded that MEZOR is a potential therapeutic choice in the adjuvant treatment of subjects with chemically-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracious Oluwamayowa Oke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega Adeleke Abiodun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Christian Eseigbe Imafidon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria.,Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Barinem Fortune Monsi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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Gad-Elkareem MAM, Abdelgadir EH, Badawy OM, Kadri A. Potential antidiabetic effect of ethanolic and aqueous-ethanolic extracts of Ricinus communis leaves on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6441. [PMID: 30805250 PMCID: PMC6383553 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, herbal drugs and their bioactive compounds have gained popularity in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM), which has become an epidemic disease all over the world and is especially prevalent in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic and aqueous-ethanolic extracts of wild Ricinus communis (R. communis) leaves in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were administered orally with the mentioned extracts at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg/BW for 14 days, and the obtained results of different biochemical parameters were compared with normal control, diabetic control and standard drug glibenclamide (5 mg/kg/BW). The obtained results revealed a remarkable and significantly (P < 0.05) reverse effect of the body weight loss, observed when diabetic rats were treated with ethanol and aqueous-ethanol extracts at 300 mg/kg/BW. Administration of the ethanol extract at 600 mg/kg/BW significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the blood glucose level. A significant increase in the AST, ALT and ALP levels (P < 0.05) was observed in the diabetic control and in the experimental groups with glibenclamide which was also significantly (P < 0.05) lowered after treatment with extracts at special doses. Total proteins, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, creatinine and urea were also investigated and compared to the corresponding controls. We showed that administration of R. communis extract generally significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated the biochemical parameters of diabetic rats. Also, the changes in serum electrolyte profile were assessed and the results demonstrate that administration of extracts at concentration of 600 mg/kg/BW generally inhibits the alteration maintain their levels. The obtained data imply the hypoglycemic effects of this plant, which may be used as a good alternative for managing DM and therefore validating its traditional usage in KSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A M Gad-Elkareem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Elkhatim H Abdelgadir
- Forensic Chemistry Department, College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ossama M Badawy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Kadri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Hashem MM, Salama MM, Mohammed FF, Tohamy AF, El Deeb KS. Metabolic profile and hepatoprotective effect of Aeschynomene elaphroxylon (Guill. & Perr.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210576. [PMID: 30629685 PMCID: PMC6328266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are life-threatening and need urgent medical treatments. Conventional treatment is expensive and toxic, so the urge for nutraceutical hepatoprotective agents is crucial. This study is considered the first metabolic profile of Aeschynomene elaphroxylon (Guill. & Perr.) extracts of; flowers, leaves & bark adopting UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS analysis to determine their bioactive metabolites, and it was designed to investigate the potential hepatoprotective activity of A. elaphroxylon flowers and bark extracts against CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Forty-nine compounds of various classes were detected in the three extracts, with triterpenoid saponins as the major detected metabolite. Flowers and bark extracts presented similar chemical profile while leaves extract was quite different. The antioxidant activities of the flowers, leaves & bark extracts were measured by in vitro assays as Fe+3 reducing antioxidant power and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity. It revealed that flowers and bark extracts had relatively high antioxidant activity as compared to leaves extract. Based on the metabolic profile and in vitro antioxidant activity, flowers and bark ethanolic extracts were chosen for alleviation of hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in rats. The hepatoprotective activity was studied through measuring hepatotoxicity biomarkers in serum (ALT, AST, and Albumin). Liver tissues were examined histopathologically and their homogenates were used in determining the intracellular levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, GSH), inflammatory markers (TNF-α). Flowers and bark ethanolic extracts exerted a significant hepatoprotective effect through reduction in the activities of ALT, AST and Albumin, the tested extracts reduced oxidative stress by increasing GSH content and reducing the MDA level. Furthermore, the extracts decreased levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α. Moreover, the present study revealed the potentiality of A. elaphroxylon in ameliorating the CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. In this aspect, A. elaphroxylon can be used with other agents as a complementary drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M. Hashem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Maha M. Salama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Faten F. Mohammed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel F. Tohamy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kadriya S. El Deeb
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Nwidu LL, Oboma YI, Elmorsy E, Carter WG. Alleviation of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocellular damage and oxidative stress with a leaf extract of Glyphae brevis (Tiliaceae). J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:609-619. [PMID: 30157032 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Glyphae brevis leaf is reported in ethnomedicine as a treatment for hepatitis and jaundice; however, no studies have hitherto investigated the mechanistic basis of these claims. Methods A hepato-protective role of G. brevis hydromethanolic (GBH) leaf extract was established against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity. Twenty-four hours after a CCl4 challenge, rats were sacrificed and serum hematological indices, lipid profile, and biochemical parameters were determined. The antioxidant enzymes parameters (glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) and lipid peroxidation product (thiobarbituric reactive substances) levels in liver homogenates were evaluated. Changes in the liver cyto-architecture of different treatment groups were also investigated. Results The GBH extract produced no significant impact on weight and hematological indices. Intoxication with CCl4 significantly (p<0.001-0.05) increased total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) compared with control rats. Pretreatment with GBH leaf extract significantly reduced triglycerides, TC, and LDL to approaching control levels (p<0.001-0.05). The GBH leaf extract significantly alleviated CCl4-induced elevation of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and the CCl4-induced depression of total protein, and albumin. Liver antioxidant parameters were significantly increased in plant extract-treated rats, and this antagonized the pro-oxidant effect of CCl4. Histopathological studies also supported a hepato-protective effect of GBH. Collectively, the GBH leaf extract alleviated the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity through improvement of innate antioxidant enzyme levels and lipid metabolism and stabilized the hepatocyte cyto-architecture of intoxicated rats. Conclusions This study establishes the ethnomedicinal role of G. brevis leaf in hepatitis and the mechanistic basis of hepato-protection against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucky Legbosi Nwidu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, East West Road, Choba, P.O. Box 10935, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Phone: +2348033417432
| | - Yibala I Oboma
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
| | - Ekramy Elmorsy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wayne Grant Carter
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, UK
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Pan Y, Long X, Yi R, Zhao X. Polyphenols in Liubao Tea Can Prevent CCl₄-Induced Hepatic Damage in Mice through Its Antioxidant Capacities. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091280. [PMID: 30201943 PMCID: PMC6163653 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the preventive effect of polyphenols in Liubao tea (PLT) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in mice. The mice were initially treated with PLT, followed by induction of liver injury using 10 mL/kg CCl4. Then liver and serum indices, as well as the expression levels of related messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and proteins in liver tissues were measured. The results showed that PLT reduces the liver quality and indices of mice with liver injury. PLT also downregulates aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglycerides (TGs), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and upregulates superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the sera of mice with liver injury. PLT also reduces serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) cytokines in mice with liver injury. Pathological morphological observation also shows that PLT reduces CCl4-induced central venous differentiation of liver tissues and liver cell damage. Furthermore, qPCR and Western blot also confirm that PLT upregulates the mRNA and protein expressions of Gu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, catalase (CAT), GSH-Px, and nuclear factor of κ-light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-α (IκB-α) in liver tissues, and downregulates the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Meanwhile, PLT also raised the phosphorylated (p)-NF-κB p65 and cytochrome P450 reductase protein expression in liver injury mice. The components of PLT include gallic acid, catechin, caffeine, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), and epicatechin gallate (ECG), which possibly have a wide range of biological activities. Thus, PLT imparts preventive effects against CCl4-induced liver injury, which is similar to silymarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Pan
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xingyao Long
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
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Elmotasem H, Farag HK, Salama AA. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of an oral sustained release hepatoprotective caffeine loaded w/o Pickering emulsion formula – Containing wheat germ oil and stabilized by magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:83-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mazani M, Mahmoodzadeh Y, Chinifroush Asl MM, Banaei S, Rezagholizadeh L, Mohammadnia A. Renoprotective effects of the methanolic extract of Tanacetum parthenium against carbon tetrachloride-induced renal injury in rats. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2018; 8:370-379. [PMID: 30377595 PMCID: PMC6204152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have demonstrated that carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in many tissues including the kidney, heart, lung, brain, and liver. The major aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective activity of Tanacetum parthenium extract (TPE) in renal tissues of CCl4-intoxicated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were divided into seven groups of six rats. Group 1 was the control group that was not treated with CCl4. The rats in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 (1.5 ml/kg, 1:1 in olive oil) on day 14. Rats in the groups bTPE40, bTPE80, and bTPE120 were gavaged with 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg of TPE, respectively for 14 constitutive days on a daily basis, before CCl4 administration. Rats in groups aTPE80 and aTPE120 were gavaged with 80 and 120 mg/kg of TPE, respectively, 2, 6, 24 and 48 hr after receiving CCl4. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 16th day through an intracardiac puncture and then serums were separated. RESULTS CCl4 increased urea, creatinine, uric acid and creatinine: albumin (C/A) ratio level in serum and decreased total antioxidant and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx) when compared to the control group (p<0.001). But administration of TPE to rats either before or after exposure to CCl4, attenuated these changes when compared with CCl4 control group (p<0.05 - p<0.001). CONCLUSION TPE had potent nephroprotective effects against oxygen free radicals produced through CCl4 metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mazani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Yavar Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Shokofeh Banaei
- Department of Physiology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Lotfollah Rezagholizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-9144531532, Fax:+98-4533510057,
| | - Alireza Mohammadnia
- Department of Health information technology management, School of medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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