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Debnath N, Yadav P, Mehta PK, Gupta P, Kumar D, Kumar A, Gautam V, Yadav AK. Designer probiotics: Opening the new horizon in diagnosis and prevention of human diseases. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:100-117. [PMID: 37881101 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms have been used for therapeutic purposes for over a century, and recent advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering have opened up new possibilities for developing therapeutic approaches using indigenous probiotic microorganisms. Diseases are often related to metabolic and immunological factors, which play a critical role in their onset. With the help of advanced genetic tools, probiotics can be modified to produce or secrete important therapeutic peptides directly into mucosal sites, increasing their effectiveness. One potential approach to enhancing human health is through the use of designer probiotics, which possess immunogenic characteristics. These genetically engineered probiotics hold promise in providing novel therapeutic options. In addition to their immunogenic properties, designer probiotics can also be equipped with sensors and genetic circuits, enabling them to detect a range of diseases with remarkable precision. Such capabilities may significantly advance disease diagnosis and management. Furthermore, designer probiotics have the potential to be used in diagnostic applications, offering a less invasive and more cost-effective alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques. This review offers an overview of the different functional aspects of the designer probiotics and their effectiveness on different diseases and also, we have emphasized their limitations and future implications. A comprehensive understanding of these functional attributes may pave the way for new avenues of prevention and the development of effective therapies for a range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabendu Debnath
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Praveen K Mehta
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Nutrition Biology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok K Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
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Zhao Z, Wang H, Zhang D, Guan Y, Siddiqui SA, Feng-Shan X, Cong B. Oral vaccination with recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing Aeromonas hydrophila Aha1 against A. hydrophila infections in common carps. Virulence 2022; 13:794-807. [PMID: 35499101 PMCID: PMC9067532 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2063484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of Aha1, an OMP of Aeromonas hydrophila mediating the adhesion of bacteria onto the mucosal surface of hosts has been established. In this study, recombinant vectors, pPG1 and pPG2, carrying a 1366 bp DNA fragment that was responsible for encoding the 49 kDa Aha1 from A. hydrophila were constructed, respectively, then electroporated into a probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei CC16 separately to generate two types of recombinants, L. casei-pPG1-Aha1 (Lc-pPG1-Aha1) and L. casei-pPG2-Aha1 (Lc-pPG2-Aha1). Subsequently, these were orally administered into common carps to examine their immunogenicity. The expression and localization of the expressed Aha1 protein relative to the carrier L. casei was validated via Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immune fluorescence separately. The recombinant vaccines produced were shown high efficacies, stimulated higher level of antibodies and AKP, ACP, SOD, LZM, C3, C4 in serum in hosts. Immune-related gene expressions of cytokines including IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ in the livers, spleens, HK, and intestines were up-regulated significantly. Besides, a more potent phagocytosis response was observed in immunized fish, and higher survival rates were presented in common carps immunized with Lc-pPG1-Aha1 (60%) and Lc-pPG2-Aha1 (50%) after re-infection with virulent strain A. hydrophila. Moreover, the recombinant L. casei were shown a stronger propensity for survivability in the intestine in immunized fish. Taken together, the recombinant L. casei strains might be promising candidates for oral vaccination against A. hydrophila infections in common carps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dongxing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongchao Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shahrood Ahmad Siddiqui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Feng-Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Cong
- Institute of special animal and plant sciences of CAAS, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Qin D, Bai Y, Li Y, Huang Y, Li L, Wang G, Qu Y, Wang J, Yu LY, Hou X. Changes in Gut Microbiota by the Lactobacillus casei Anchoring the K88 Fimbrial Protein Prevented Newborn Piglets From Clinical Diarrhea. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:842007. [PMID: 35372106 PMCID: PMC8972131 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.842007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiota contribute to the development, maturation, and regulation of the host immune system and mediate host anti-pathogen defenses. Lactobacillus casei (L.casei) is a normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract in mammals and, as a great mucosal delivery vehicle, has wide use in bioengineering. However, the diarrhea prevention role of commensal intestinal microbiota interfered by the recombinant L.casei (rL.casei) in newborn piglets is not well understood. In our study, newborn piglets orally fed with the rL.casei surface displayed the fimbrial protein K88 of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and their feces were collected for a period of time after feeding. The next-generation sequencing of these fecal samples showed that the relative abundance of L.casei was significantly increased. The oral administration of rL.casei altered the intestinal microbial community as evidenced by altered microbial diversity and microbial taxonomic composition. Remarkably, the functional enhancing of the intestinal bacterial community by rL.casei was positively correlated with membrane transport, replication, and repair (p < 0.05). The specific antibody detection indicates that high levels of anti-K88 secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were induced in fecal samples and systemic immunoglobulin G was produced in serum. The diarrhea rate in piglets caused by ETEC K88 was decreased by about 24%. Thus, the oral administration of rL.casei not only activated the mucosal and humoral immune responses in vivo but also contributed to shape the intestinal probiotics in newborn piglets and to significantly reduce the diarrhea rates of newborn piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yongfei Bai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Liyang Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yi Qu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Li-Yun Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Yun Yu, ; Xilin Hou,
| | - Xilin Hou
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Yun Yu, ; Xilin Hou,
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Gong W, Pan C, Cheng P, Wang J, Zhao G, Wu X. Peptide-Based Vaccines for Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:830497. [PMID: 35173740 PMCID: PMC8841753 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. As a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global TB mortality rate in 2020 is rising, making TB prevention and control more challenging. Vaccination has been considered the best approach to reduce the TB burden. Unfortunately, BCG, the only TB vaccine currently approved for use, offers some protection against childhood TB but is less effective in adults. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new TB vaccines that are more effective than BCG. Accumulating data indicated that peptides or epitopes play essential roles in bridging innate and adaptive immunity and triggering adaptive immunity. Furthermore, innovations in bioinformatics, immunoinformatics, synthetic technologies, new materials, and transgenic animal models have put wings on the research of peptide-based vaccines for TB. Hence, this review seeks to give an overview of current tools that can be used to design a peptide-based vaccine, the research status of peptide-based vaccines for TB, protein-based bacterial vaccine delivery systems, and animal models for the peptide-based vaccines. These explorations will provide approaches and strategies for developing safer and more effective peptide-based vaccines and contribute to achieving the WHO’s End TB Strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Gong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xueqiong Wu, ; Guangyu Zhao,
| | - Xueqiong Wu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xueqiong Wu, ; Guangyu Zhao,
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5
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Wei S, Shao X, Liu Y, Xiong B, Cui P, Liu Z, Li Q. Genome editing of PD-L1 mediated by nucleobase-modified polyamidoamine for cancer immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1291-1300. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02688g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy against programmed death protein-1 and its ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) has been accepted as a promising approach to activate the immune system's anti-tumor response. Although small interfering RNA...
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Pan C, Yue H, Zhu L, Ma GH, Wang HL. Prophylactic vaccine delivery systems against epidemic infectious diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113867. [PMID: 34280513 PMCID: PMC8285224 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prophylactic vaccines have evolved from traditional whole-cell vaccines to safer subunit vaccines. However, subunit vaccines still face problems, such as poor immunogenicity and low efficiency, while traditional adjuvants are usually unable to meet specific response needs. Advanced delivery vectors are important to overcome these barriers; they have favorable safety and effectiveness, tunable properties, precise location, and immunomodulatory capabilities. Nevertheless, there has been no systematic summary of the delivery systems to cover a wide range of infectious pathogens. We herein summarized and compared the delivery systems for major or epidemic infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. We also included the newly licensed vaccines (e.g., COVID-19 vaccines) and those close to licensure. Furthermore, we highlighted advanced delivery systems with high efficiency, cross-protection, or long-term protection against epidemic pathogens, and we put forward prospects and thoughts on the development of future prophylactic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Hua Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Guang-Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Heng-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
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Bai Y, Huang Y, Li Y, Zhang B, Xiao C, Hou X, Yu L. The Murine Reg3a Stimulated by Lactobacillus casei Promotes Intestinal Cell Proliferation and Inhibits the Multiplication of Porcine Diarrhea Causative Agent in vitro. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:675263. [PMID: 34220758 PMCID: PMC8249746 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.675263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), a normal resident of the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, has been extensively studied over the past few decades for its probiotic properties in clinical and animal models. Some studies have shown that some bacterium of Lactobacillus stimulate the production of antimicrobial peptides in intestinal cells to clear enteric pathogens, however, which antimicrobial peptides are produced by L. casei stimulation and its function are still not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the changes of antimicrobial peptides' expression after intragastric administration of L. casei to mice. The bioinformatics analysis revealed there were nine genes strongly associated with up-regulated DEGs. But, of these, only the antimicrobial peptide mReg3a gene was continuously up-regulated, which was also confirmed by qRT-PCR. We found out the mReg3a expressed in engineering E.coli promoted cell proliferation and wound healing proved by CCK-8 assay and wound healing assay. Moreover, the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and E-cadherin in mReg3a treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group under the final concentration of 0.2 mg/ml both in Porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and Mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) (p < 0.05). Surprisingly, the recombinant mReg3a not only inhibited Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), but also reduced the copy number of the piglet diarrheal viruses, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine rotavirus (PoRV), indicating the antimicrobial peptides mReg3a may be feed additives to resist the potential of the intestinal bacterial and viral diarrhea disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Bai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Cuihong Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Liyun Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Li X, Zhang B, Zhang D, Liu S, Ren J. The construction of recombinant Lactobacillus casei vaccine of PEDV and its immune responses in mice. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:184. [PMID: 33947419 PMCID: PMC8097780 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a contagious intestinal disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and dehydration, which have caused huge economic losses around the world. At present, vaccine immunity is still the most effective method to control the spread of PED. In this study, we have constructed a novel recombinant L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS strain expressing PEDVS protein of PEDV and OMP16 protein of Brucella abortus strain. To know the immunogenicity of the recombinant L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS candidate vaccine, it was compared with BL21-OMP16-PEDVS-F, BL21-OMP16-PEDVS, and BL21-PEDVS recombinant protein. RESULTS The results showed that we could detect higher levels of IgG, neutralizing antibody, IL-4, IL-10, and INF-γ in serum and IgA in feces of L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS immunized mice, which indicated that L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS candidate vaccine could induce higher levels of humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and mucosal immunity. CONCLUSION Therefore, L. casei-OMP16-PEDVS is a promising candidate vaccine for prophylaxis of PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Li
- Swine Research Institute of New Hope Group, Tai'an, China
- Shandong Swine Herd Health Big Data and Intelligent Monitoring Engineering Laboratory, Tai'an, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Bingzhou Zhang
- Swine Research Institute of New Hope Group, Tai'an, China
- Shandong Swine Herd Health Big Data and Intelligent Monitoring Engineering Laboratory, Tai'an, China
| | | | - Sidang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Jing Ren
- Shandong Swine Herd Health Big Data and Intelligent Monitoring Engineering Laboratory, Tai'an, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China.
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Iqbal Z, Ahmed S, Tabassum N, Bhattacharya R, Bose D. Role of probiotics in prevention and treatment of enteric infections: a comprehensive review. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:242. [PMID: 33968585 PMCID: PMC8079594 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms that inhabits human digestive tract affect global health and enteric disorders. Previous studies have documented the effectiveness and mode of action of probiotics and classified as human-friendly biota and a competitor to enteric pathogens. Statistical studies reported more than 1.5 billion cases of gastrointestinal infections caused by enteric pathogens and their long-term exposure can lead to mental retardation, temporary or permanent physical weakness, and leaving the patient susceptible for opportunistic pathogens, which can cause fatality. We reviewed previous literature providing evidence about therapeutic approaches regarding probiotics to cure enteric infections efficiently by producing inhibitory substances, immune system modulation, improved barrier function. The therapeutic effects of probiotics have shown success against many foodborne pathogens and their therapeutic effectiveness has been exponentially increased using genetically engineered probiotics. The bioengineered probiotic strains are expected to provide a better and alternative approach than traditional antibiotic therapy against enteric pathogens, but the novelty of these strains also raise doubts about the possible untapped side effects, for which there is a need for further studies to eliminate the concerns relating to the use and safety of probiotics. Many such developments and optimization of the classical techniques will revolutionize the treatments for enteric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Central Punjab, Johar Town, 1-Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahzaib Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Johar Town, 1-Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Natasha Tabassum
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Johar Town, 1-Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Riya Bhattacharya
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Debajyoti Bose
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh India
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Zhang X, Yu S, Cheng D, Feng Y, Yang Y, Sun H, Ding J, Wang F. An Attenuated Escherichia coli K88ac LT(S63K)Δ STb Efficiently Provides Protection Against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the Mouse Model. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:620255. [PMID: 33644141 PMCID: PMC7907446 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.620255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop an attenuated vaccine candidate against K88ac enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a novel Escherichia coli (E. coli) K88ac LT(S63K)ΔSTb with LT(S63K) mutation and ST1 deletion was generated using site mutagenesis and λ-Red homologous recombination based on wild paternal ETEC strain C83902. E. coli K88ac LT(S63K)ΔSTb showed very similar fimbriae expression and growth kinetics to the wild strain C83902, but it was significantly attenuated according to the results of a rabbit ligated ileal loop assay and mouse infection study. Oral inoculation with E. coli K88ac LT(S63K)ΔSTb stimulated the mucosa immune response and induced the secretion of IgA to K88ac in the intestines in mice. A challenge experiment revealed that the attenuated strain provided efficient protection against C83902 in the following 7 days and at the 24th day post-inoculation, suggesting that the attenuated isolate could act as an ecological protectant and vaccine in preventing K88ac ETEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shupei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Darong Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Biologics Detection Technology, China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yuefei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huaichang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiabo Ding
- Department of Biologics Detection Technology, China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Biologics Detection Technology, China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, China
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Van der Weken H, Cox E, Devriendt B. Advances in Oral Subunit Vaccine Design. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 9:1. [PMID: 33375151 PMCID: PMC7822154 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens invade the host at the intestinal surface. To protect against these enteropathogens, the induction of intestinal secretory IgA (SIgA) responses is paramount. While systemic vaccination provides strong systemic immune responses, oral vaccination is the most efficient way to trigger protective SIgA responses. However, the development of oral vaccines, especially oral subunit vaccines, is challenging due to mechanisms inherent to the gut. Oral vaccines need to survive the harsh environment in the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by low pH and intestinal proteases and need to reach the gut-associated lymphoid tissues, which are protected by chemical and physical barriers that prevent efficient uptake. Furthermore, they need to surmount default tolerogenic responses present in the gut, resulting in suppression of immunity or tolerance. Several strategies have been developed to tackle these hurdles, such as delivery systems that protect vaccine antigens from degradation, strong mucosal adjuvants that induce robust immune responses and targeting approaches that aim to selectively deliver vaccine antigens towards specific immune cell populations. In this review, we discuss recent advances in oral vaccine design to enable the induction of robust gut immunity and highlight that the development of next generation oral subunit vaccines will require approaches that combines these solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bert Devriendt
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (H.V.d.W.); (E.C.)
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Coimmunization with Two Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Fimbrial Multiepitope Fusion Antigens Induces the Production of Neutralizing Antibodies against Five ETEC Fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41). Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.00217-20. [PMID: 32169934 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00217-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fimbriae mediate the initial adherence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to the piglet small intestine and play an important role in development of ETEC-driven postweaning diarrhea (PWD). PWD inflicts huge economic losses on the swine industry each year, making development of alternative treatment and prevention measures for PWD essential. Vaccine candidates that induce antifimbria antibodies that block the initial attachment and colonization of ETEC pathogens with fimbriae are one approach that could help prevent PWD. In this study, we constructed two multiepitope fusion antigens (MEFAs) that carried, expressed, and displayed representative epitopes of F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41 ETEC fimbriae. These MEFAs used either the F4 major subunit FaeG or the F18 adhesive subunit FedF as a backbone. To assess the potential of these MEFAs as antifimbria vaccine candidates that could help prevent PWD, we generated computational models of the MEFAs, constructed them, and then tested their immunogenicity by using them to immunize mice. Computational modeling showed that all relevant epitopes were exposed on the MEFA surface. We found that coadministration of our MEFAs in mice successfully induced five fimbria-specific antibodies in accordance with the epitopes included in the MEFA constructs. Furthermore, the induced antibodies can significantly inhibit the ability of ETEC strains that express F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41 fimbriae to adhere to piglet small intestinal IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings indicate that the antifimbria antibodies induced by our FaeG-Fim41a-FanC-FasA and FedF-FasA-Fim41a-FanC fimbria MEFAs blocked adherence of five ETEC fimbriae, suggesting these multivalent fimbria MEFAs may be useful for developing broadly protective antifimbria vaccines against PWD caused by ETEC infections.IMPORTANCE Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-associated postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is still a leading disease in recently weaned piglets. Vaccination is considered to be the most ideal and efficacious strategy for preventing PWD. Recently, a commercialized live monovalent F4 oral vaccine and a bivalent F4/F18 oral vaccine have been demonstrated to effectively protect piglets in the F4-positive (F4+) and F18+ ETEC challenge models. However, they will not provide cross-protection against F5+, F6+, or F41+ ETEC-associated PWD cases, as they lack all five fimbria antigens. Thus, a multivalent vaccine containing all five ETEC fimbriae would be more effective in preventing ETEC-driven PWD. In this study, we designed two fimbria-targeted MEFAs using the MEFA technology, and further study demonstrated that these coadministered MEFAs in mice can induce protective antibodies against the five fimbriae expressed by ETEC. These MEFAs could be used as an efficient PWD vaccine candidate; furthermore, MEFA-based structural technology provides an alternative and promising strategy for the development of vaccines against pathogens with heterogeneous virulence factors.
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Song J, Zhao L, Song M. A Lactococcus lactis-vectored oral vaccine induces protective immunity of mice against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli lethal challenge. Immunol Lett 2020; 225:57-63. [PMID: 32569608 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a global primary pathogenic bacterium causing diarrhoea in human and a wide variety of neonatal animals. Lactococcus lactis as non-pathogenic and food-grade lactic acid bacteria has already been explored as a vector for mucosal vaccine. Here, the current study was undertaken to evaluate the live recombinant L. lactis (rL. lactis) vaccine expressing the trivalent enterotoxin protein STa-LTB-STb and the F5 fimbrial antigen (SLS-F5) with OmpH of Yersinia enterocolitica in protection against ETEC. Western blot confirmed the expression of fusion protein SLS-F5-OmpH in nisin-controlled expression (NICE) system. Mice orally immunized with rL. lactis-SLS-F5-OmpH were observed to produce high levels of mucosal SIgA and serum IgG antibodies, while also inducing increases in the production of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, lymphocyte proliferation, and secretion of cytokines. Moreover, orally immunized mice produced complete protection after ETEC challenge. The above results suggested that rL. lactis-SLS-F5-OmpH has the potential as a candidate for oral vaccine against ETEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijun Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Harbin Weike Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liangyou Zhao
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mingxin Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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Liu Q, Jiang Y, Yang W, Liu Y, Shi C, Liu J, Gao X, Huang H, Niu T, Yang G, Wang C. Protective effects of a food-grade recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum with surface displayed AMA1 and EtMIC2 proteins of Eimeria tenella in broiler chickens. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:28. [PMID: 32046719 PMCID: PMC7014946 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-1297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avian coccidiosis posts a severe threat to poultry production. In addition to commercial attenuated vaccines, other strategies to combat coccidiosis are urgently needed. Lactobacillus plantarum has been frequently used for expression of foreign proteins as an oral vaccine delivery system using traditional erythromycin resistance gene (erm). However, antibiotic selection markers were often used during protein expression and they pose a risk of transferring antibiotic resistance genes to the environment, and significantly restricting the application in field production. Therefore, a food-grade recombinant L. plantarum vaccine candidate would dramatically improve its application potential in the poultry industry. Results In this study, we firstly replaced the erythromycin resistance gene (erm) of the pLp_1261Inv-derived expression vector with a non-antibiotic, asd-alr fusion gene, yielding a series of non-antibiotic and reliable, food grade expression vectors. In addition, we designed a dual-expression vector that displayed two foreign proteins on the surface of L. plantarum using the anchoring sequences from either a truncated poly-γ-glutamic acid synthetase A (pgsA′) from Bacillus subtilis or the L. acidophilus surface layer protein (SlpA). EGFP and mCherry were used as marker proteins to evaluate the surface displayed properties of recombinant L. plantarum strains and were inspected by western blot, flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. To further determine its application as oral vaccine candidate, the AMA1 and EtMIC2 genes of E. tenella were anchored on the surface of L. plantarum strain. After oral immunization in chickens, the recombinant L. plantarum strain was able to induce antigen specific humoral, mucosal, and T cell-mediated immune responses, providing efficient protection against coccidiosis challenge. Conclusions The novel constructed food grade recombinant L. plantarum strain with double surface displayed antigens provides a potential efficient oral vaccine candidate for coccidiosis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China.,College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, 3050 KaiXuan Road, Changchun, 130052, Jilin, China
| | - Yanlong Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yongshi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xing Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tianming Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Bai Y, Wang G, Qi H, Wang Y, Xu C, Yue L, Hou X, Yu L. Immunogenicity of 987P fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli surface-displayed on Lactobacillus casei. Res Vet Sci 2020; 128:308-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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del Rio B, Redruello B, Fernandez M, Martin MC, Ladero V, Alvarez MA. Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Live Delivery System for the in situ Production of Nanobodies in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract. Front Microbiol 2019. [PMCID: PMC6346216 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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17
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LeCureux JS, Dean GA. Lactobacillus Mucosal Vaccine Vectors: Immune Responses against Bacterial and Viral Antigens. mSphere 2018; 3:e00061-18. [PMID: 29769376 PMCID: PMC5956152 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00061-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been utilized since the 1990s for therapeutic heterologous gene expression. The ability of LAB to elicit an immune response against expressed foreign antigens has led to their exploration as potential mucosal vaccine candidates. LAB vaccine vectors offer many attractive advantages: simple, noninvasive administration (usually oral or intranasal), the acceptance and stability of genetic modifications, relatively low cost, and the highest level of safety possible. Experimentation using LAB of the genus Lactobacillus has become popular in recent years due to their ability to elicit strong systemic and mucosal immune responses. This article reviews Lactobacillus vaccine constructs, including Lactobacillus species, antigen expression, model organisms, and in vivo immune responses, with a primary focus on viral and bacterial antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S LeCureux
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Evangel University, Springfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregg A Dean
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Orally administered recombinant Lactobacillus casei vector vaccine expressing β-toxoid of Clostridium perfringens that induced protective immunity responses. Res Vet Sci 2017; 115:332-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou J, Wei K, Wang C, Dong W, Ma N, Zhu L, Hu LP, Huang H, Zhu R. Oral immunisation with Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide adjuvant with recombinant Lactococcus lactis-expressing Proteus mirabilis ompA confers optimal protection in mice. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2017. [PMID: 28629671 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteus mirabilis poses a critical burden on the breeding industry, but no efficient vaccine is available for animals. METHOD A recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing the ompA of P. mirabilis was used to develop a vaccine. The mucosal and systemic immune responses of the recombinant vaccine were evaluated in mice after oral immunisation. The inhibition on P. mirabilis colonisation of vaccines was also determined. Moreover, Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharides (TPPPS) were used as adjuvants to examine the immunomodulatory effects. RESULTS The pure recombinant L. lactis vaccine significantly induced the production of specific IgA and IgG, IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, and T lymphocyte proliferation, and the immunised mice exhibited significant resistance to P. mirabilis colonisation. Notably, the TPPPS adjuvant vaccines induced higher levels of immune responses than the pure L. lactis. CONCLUSIONS The L. lactis as a vaccine vehicle combined with TPPPS adjuvant provides a feasible method for preventing P. mirabilis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China
| | - K Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China
| | - C Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China
| | - W Dong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China
| | - N Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China
| | - L Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China
| | - L P Hu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Shandong Province, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Shandong Province, Shandong Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - H Huang
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd, New Hope Group, Shandong Qingdao, 266061, PR China
| | - R Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China.
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Yang G, Jiang Y, Tong P, Li C, Yang W, Hu J, Ye L, Gu W, Shi C, Shan B, Wang C. Alleviation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge by recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum expressing a FaeG- and DC-targeting peptide fusion protein. Benef Microbes 2017; 8:379-391. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2016.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
FaeG is the major subunit of K88 fimbriae. These cell surface attachments are considered to be the major virulence factor of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), which causes diarrhoea in piglets. The use of dendritic cell-targeting peptide (DCpep) has been demonstrated to be an effective approach to enhance the immunity of vaccines. Lactobacillus plantarum is an attractive candidate for oral vaccination owing to its beneficial effects and safety. In this study, L. plantarum was employed to deliver a FaeG-DCpep fusion antigen, and the immune response in mice was evaluated. The synthesis of FaeG-DCpep dramatically increased the adhesion of recombinant L. plantarum (RLP) to IPEC-J2 cell surfaces, resulting in direct competition between L. plantarum and ETEC during adhesion assays. Significantly higher levels of body weight gain, sera immunoglobulin G and intestinal immunoglobulin A were observed in BALB/c mice immunised with RLP. In addition, the number of CD19+ B cells and CD11c+DC cells and the expression levels of several cytokines in the spleen and lymph nodes increased significantly compared to non-immunised mice. The oral administration of RLP also alleviated the symptoms of ETEC challenge, as shown by haematoxylin-eosin staining, indicating that RLP may be an efficient vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - Y. Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - P. Tong
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China P.R
| | - C. Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - W. Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - J. Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - L. Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - W. Gu
- Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bio-Tech Co., LTD, Taian, Shandong Province 171000, China P.R
| | - C. Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
| | - B. Shan
- Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bio-Tech Co., LTD, Taian, Shandong Province 171000, China P.R
| | - C. Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China P.R
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Mathipa MG, Thantsha MS. Probiotic engineering: towards development of robust probiotic strains with enhanced functional properties and for targeted control of enteric pathogens. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:28. [PMID: 28491143 PMCID: PMC5422995 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing concern about the increase in human morbidity and mortality caused by foodborne pathogens. Antibiotics were and still are used as the first line of defense against these pathogens, but an increase in the development of bacterial antibiotic resistance has led to a need for alternative effective interventions. Probiotics are used as dietary supplements to promote gut health and for prevention or alleviation of enteric infections. They are currently used as generics, thus making them non-specific for different pathogens. A good understanding of the infection cycle of the foodborne pathogens as well as the virulence factors involved in causing an infection can offer an alternative treatment with specificity. This specificity is attained through the bioengineering of probiotics, a process by which the specific gene of a pathogen is incorporated into the probiotic. Such a process will subsequently result in the inhibition of the pathogen and hence its infection. Recombinant probiotics offer an alternative novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of foodborne infections. This review article focuses on various strategies of bioengineered probiotics, their successes, failures and potential future prospects for their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloko Gloria Mathipa
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, New Agricultural Sciences Building, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa
| | - Mapitsi Silvester Thantsha
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, New Agricultural Sciences Building, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa
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Oral immunization of mice against Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin with a Lactobacillus casei vector vaccine expressing epsilon toxoid. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 40:282-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Trombert A. Recombinant lactic acid bacteria as delivery vectors of heterologous antigens: the future of vaccination? Benef Microbes 2016; 6:313-24. [PMID: 25245573 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) are good candidates for the development of new oral vaccines and are attractive alternatives to attenuated pathogens. This review focuses on the use of wild-type and recombinant lactococci and lactobacilli with emphasis on their molecular design, immunomodulation and treatment of bacterial infections. The majority of studies related to recombinant LABs have focused on Lactococcus lactis, however, molecular tools have been successfully used for Lactobacillus spp. RESEARCH Recombinant lactobacilli and lactococci have several health benefits, such as immunomodulation, restoration of the microbiota, synthesis of antimicrobial substances and inhibition of virulence factors. In addition, protective immune responses that are well tolerated are induced by the expression of heterologous antigens from recombinant probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trombert
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Piramide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
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Suebwongsa N, Lulitanond V, Mayo B, Yotpanya P, Panya M. Development of an Escherichia coli-Lactobacillus casei shuttle vector for heterologous protein expression in Lactobacillus casei. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:169. [PMID: 27026866 PMCID: PMC4766160 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1760-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest to develop various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species as mucosal delivery vehicles, for which the development of a variety of cloning and expression systems for these bacteria is of primary importance. This study reports the complete nucleotide sequence of the cryptic plasmid pRCEID7.6 derived from the chicken probiotic LAB strain Lactobacillus casei TISTR1341. Sequence analysis and comparison showed that pRCEID7.6 is composed of nine putative open reading frames. The replicon origin of pRCEID7.6 consisted of untranslated origin of replication and translated replication protein B sequences. This region was used to construct Escherichia coli/L. casei shuttle vectors carrying erythromycin and chloramphenicol resistance genes as selective markers. Segregation and structural stability of the vectors in L. casei was sufficient for most genetic applications. The feasibility of this vector for heterologous protein expression in L. casei was determined by cloning in pRCEID-LC7.6, the gene encoding the nucleocapsid protein (NP), from the influenza A virus under the control of the homologous promoter from the lactate dehydrogenase gene. L. casei carrying this recombinant plasmid was shown to successfully express the NP protein. Therefore, this shuttle vector can be used for further study in the development of mucosal delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namfon Suebwongsa
- Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Viraphong Lulitanond
- Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Baltasar Mayo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares, s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias Spain
| | - Panjamaporn Yotpanya
- Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Marutpong Panya
- Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190 Thailand
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Hur J, Kim CS, Eo SK, Park SY, Lee JH. Salmonella ghosts expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli k88ab, k88ac, k99, and fasa fimbrial antigens induce robust immune responses in a mouse model. Vet Q 2015; 35:125-32. [PMID: 25853619 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1029598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial ghosts can be developed as safe and effective vaccines against bacterial infectious disease such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced diarrhea in neonatal piglets. OBJECTIVE Immune responses against a Salmonella ghost expressing ETEC K88ab, K88ac, K99, and FasA antigens with various adjuvants and inoculation routes were evaluated in mice. ANIMALS AND METHODS A ghost cell expressing K88ab, K88ac, K99, and FasA fimbrial antigens of ETEC on the envelope of △asd Salmonella typhimurium was constructed as a candidate vaccine against ETEC infection. To optimize the immunization strategy, 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were inoculated with the ghost and various adjuvants, and the immune responses against the individual fimbrial antigens were measured. Blood samples from caudal vein to evaluate serum IgG concentrations and fecal samples to evaluate mucosal IgA concentrations were collected up to 14 weeks post-prime immunization. RESULTS All groups with single, double, and triple inoculations of the ghost showed higher humoral and mucosal immune responses than the control group. In particular, the groups with intramuscular double and triple inoculations showed significantly higher immune responses. In addition, oral inoculation with a combination of the ghost and MONTANIDE IMS 1113 (MI1113) resulted in high and prolonged induction of intestinal IgA levels. CONCLUSION These results indicated that both systemic and mucosal immunity against ETEC fimbrial antigens expressed by the ghost are induced by intramuscular booster inoculation with the ghost, and that addition of M1113 to the ghost was found to result in prominent induction of mucosal immunity through oral inoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hur
- a Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , Chonbuk National University , South Korea
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Abstract
This chapter reviews papers mostly written since 2005 that report results using live attenuated bacterial vectors to deliver after administration through mucosal surfaces, protective antigens, and DNA vaccines, encoding protective antigens to induce immune responses and/or protective immunity to pathogens that colonize on or invade through mucosal surfaces. Papers that report use of such vaccine vector systems for parenteral vaccination or to deal with nonmucosal pathogens or do not address induction of mucosal antibody and/or cellular immune responses are not reviewed.
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Kemgang TS, Kapila S, Shanmugam VP, Kapila R. Cross-talk between probiotic lactobacilli and host immune system. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:303-19. [PMID: 24738909 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which probiotic lactobacilli affect the immune system is strain specific. As the immune system is a multicompartmental system, each strain has its way to interact with it and induce a visible and quantifiable effect. This review summarizes the interplay existing between the host immune system and probiotic lactobacilli, that is, with emphasis on lactobacilli as a prototype probiotic genus. Several aspects including the bacterial-host cross-talk with the mucosal and systemic immune system are presented, as well as short sections on the competing effect towards pathogenic bacteria and their uses as delivery vehicle for antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Kemgang
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India; Department of Food Science/Nutrition, National School of AgroIndustrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamaoua, Cameroon
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Liu Q, Zhang C, Zheng X, Shao X, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Jiang X. Preparation and evaluation of antigen/N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan conjugates for nasal immunization. Vaccine 2014; 32:2582-90. [PMID: 24681230 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The frequent outbreak of respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza and pulmonary tuberculosis calls for new immunization strategies with high effectiveness. Nasal immunization is one of the most potential methods to prevent the diseases infected through the respiratory tract. In this study, we designed a water-soluble system based on antigen/N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan conjugates for nasal immunization. N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan (TMC) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of chitosan and N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chloride and identified by (1)H NMR and FT-IR. Thiolated ovalbumin (OVA) was covalently conjugated to maleimide modified TMC with high conjugation efficiency. OVA conjugated TMC (OVA-TMC) significantly increased uptake of OVA by Raw 264.7 cells, which was 2.38 times higher than that of OVA/TMC physical mixture (OVA+TMC) at 4h. After nasal administration, OVA-TMC showed higher transport efficiency to superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes than OVA+TMC or OVA alone. Balb/C mice were intranasally given with OVA-TMC three times at 2-week internals to evaluate the immunological effect. The serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a levels of the OVA-TMC group were 17.9-87.9 times higher than that of the OVA+TMC group and comparable to that of the intramuscular group. The secretory IgA levels in nasal wash and saliva of the OVA-TMC group were 5.2-7.1 times higher than that of the OVA+TMC group while the secretory IgA levels of the intramuscular alum-precipitated OVA group were not increased. After immunofluorescence staining of nasal cavity, IgA antibody secreting cells were mainly observed in the lamina propria regions and glands of nasal mucosa. OVA-TMC showed little toxicity to the nasal epithelia or cilia of rats after nasal administration for three consecutive days. These results demonstrated that antigen conjugated TMC can induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses after nasal administration and may serve as a convenient, safe and effective vaccine for preventing respiratory infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiaoyao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiayan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Qizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xinguo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Qin J, Wang X, Kong J, Ma C, Xu P. Construction of a food-grade cell surface display system for Lactobacillus casei. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:733-40. [PMID: 24598012 PMCID: PMC7126567 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a food-grade cell surface display host/vector system for Lactobacillus casei was constructed. The food-grade host L. casei Q-5 was a lactose-deficient derivative of L. casei ATCC 334 obtained by plasmid elimination. The food-grade cell surface display vector was constructed based on safe DNA elements from lactic acid bacteria containing the following: pSH71 replicon from Lactococcus lactis, lactose metabolism genes from L. casei ATCC 334 as complementation markers, and surface layer protein gene from Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 for cell surface display. The feasibility of the new host/vector system was verified by the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) on L. casei. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis using anti-GFP antibody confirmed that GFP was anchored on the surface of the recombinant cells. The stability of recombinant L. casei cells in artificial gastrointestinal conditions was verified, which is beneficial for oral vaccination applications. These results indicate that the food-grade host/vector system can be an excellent antigen delivery vehicle in oral vaccine construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.
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Amalaradjou MAR, Bhunia AK. Bioengineered probiotics, a strategic approach to control enteric infections. Bioengineered 2013; 4:379-87. [PMID: 23327986 PMCID: PMC3937199 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteric infections account for high morbidity and mortality and are considered to be the fifth leading cause of death at all ages worldwide. Seventy percent of all enteric infections are foodborne. Thus significant efforts have been directed toward the detection, control and prevention of foodborne diseases. Many antimicrobials including antibiotics have been used for their control and prevention. However, probiotics offer a potential alternative intervention strategy owing to their general health beneficial properties and inhibitory effects against foodborne pathogens. Often, antimicrobial probiotic action is non-specific and non-discriminatory or may be ineffective. In such cases, bioengineered probiotics expressing foreign gene products to achieve specific function is highly desirable. In this review we summarize the strategic development of recombinant bioengineered probiotics to control enteric infections, and to examine how scientific advancements in the human microbiome and their immunomodulatory effects help develop such novel and safe bioengineered probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun K Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory; Department of Food Science; Purdue University; West Lafayette, IN USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology; Purdue University; West Lafayette, IN USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this study is to summarize the recent developments in small intestinal bacterial infections. RECENT FINDINGS This review focuses on aspects of intestinal bacterial infection concerning research developments related to pathogenesis, new therapeutic agents and approaches, as well as potential new vaccine targets. SUMMARY In terms of drug utilization, azithromycin was successfully used to eradicate a Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (enterohemorrhagic E. coli) without harmful effects. In the case of Clostridium difficile, fidaxomicin was found to be comparable to or superior to vancomycin depending on study conditions and whether there was concomitant antibiotic use. A novel research finding is the role of galectin 8, which is a danger-sensing lectin, which plays a role in targeting Salmonella for autophagy. In addition, several enteropathogenic E. coli and Shigella effectors were found to inactivate members of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway.
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Amalaradjou MAR, Bhunia AK. Modern approaches in probiotics research to control foodborne pathogens. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2012; 67:185-239. [PMID: 23034117 PMCID: PMC7150249 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394598-3.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne illness is a serious public health concern. There are over 200 known microbial, chemical, and physical agents that are known to cause foodborne illness. Efforts are made for improved detection, control and prevention of foodborne pathogen in food, and pathogen associated diseases in the host. Several commonly used approaches to control foodborne pathogens include antibiotics, natural antimicrobials, bacteriophages, bacteriocins, ionizing radiations, and heat. In addition, probiotics offer a potential intervention strategy for the prevention and control of foodborne infections. This review focuses on the use of probiotics and bioengineered probiotics to control foodborne pathogens, their antimicrobial actions, and their delivery strategies. Although probiotics have been demonstrated to be effective in antagonizing foodborne pathogens, challenges exist in the characterization and elucidation of underlying molecular mechanisms of action and in the development of potential delivery strategies that could maintain the viability and functionality of the probiotic in the target organ.
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